Sehrish Kanwal1, Ali Saeed1*, Muhammad Munir2, Memoona Arshad1
Life Sciences International Journal Issue 7 Volume 1
...ith P1/P2 and 1F/1R universal primer pairs directly from field samples including tissues, vesicle and secretion. The direct sequencing and subsequent analysis of amplified PCR products for VP1 gene indicated the circulation of serotype O of FMD in studied areas. Moreover, using serotype-specific primers (SA(F)/SA(R)) which target the VP1 gene, serotype O was confirmed in all representative...
Gregg D. Caruso
Science, Religion and Culture
...d interest for philosophers, scientists, theologians, and cultural historians for centuries. In fact, as far back as the ancient Greeks, when Thales of Miletus and other pre-Socratic philosophers began to offer scientific explanations of the natural world, questions about the relationship between science and religion began to emerge. Given that science and religion are two great manifestations of human culture, and that the ...
Victor J. Stenger
Science, Religion and Culture
...y professional philosophers like himself are qualified to discuss the subject. However, the books Pigliucci criticizes were not intended to be philosophical treatises. They are popular books addressed to a public that is becoming increasingly disenchanted with organized religion and its negative influence on society. The new approach takes a harder line in criticizing religion than was previously the case amongst secularists. The new atheists question whether ...
Massimo Pigliucci
Science, Religion and Culture
...eavor to counter Stenger’s note and highlight several of the ways in which it goes astray. To begin with, however, let me summarize the main points of my earlier paper....
Keith Ward
Science, Religion and Culture
... ‘The Grand Design’ (with Leonard Mlodinow, Bantam Books, London, 2010), Stephen Hawking agrees that we should attempt to answer the questions ‘Why is there something rather than nothing? Why do we exist?’ and ‘Why this particular set of laws and not some other?’ (p. 19). In his book he proposes to answer those questions, from a purely scientific point o...
Sehrish Kanwal, Ali Saeed, Muhammad Munir, Memoona Arshad
British Journal of Virology
...ith P1/P2 and 1F/1R universal primer pairs directly from field samples including tissues, vesicle and secretion. The direct sequencing and subsequent analysis of amplified PCR products for VP1 gene indicated the circulation of serotype O of FMD in studied areas. Moreover, using serotype-specific primers (SA(F)/SA(R)) which target the VP1 gene, serotype O was confirmed in all representative...
Robert E. Pollack
Science, Religion and Culture
...s tradition, but for a person like me — a scientist for fifty years and at seventy three already in Biblical terms 13 years an elder — it is easier instead to let the Sages come to me; that is, to turn to the Siddur, the Jewish book of daily prayers, codified in Hebrew for the most part a few hundred years ...
Francisco J. Ayala and John C. Avise (eds.)
Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014, 547 pp., $47.64 (hbk),
ISBN 1421413051.
Reviewed by David Pindel
Science, Religion and Culture
... book is Ayala and Avise’s attempt to address a serious oversight in the scientific literature – no volume of essential readings in evolutionary biology exists, despite the fact that evolution remains central to and is the unifying principle of the biological sciences. To remedy this, they have put together an impressive collection of classical papers, encompassing virtually al...
John Shook
Science, Religion and Culture
...anthropomorphic gods can’t survive, but science vs. religion is hardly the whole story. Only science joined by philosophical reflection suffices to skeptically analyze the natural theology arguments for supernatural gods, too aloof and abstract for direct confrontation over evidence. Theology’s desperate maneuvers for avoiding science and scientific atheology only delay the ine...
Ruse, Michael, The Gaia Hypothesis: Science on a Pagan Planet, The University of Chicago Press, 2013, 251 pp, $26.00, ISBN 978-0-226-73170-4
Science, Religion and Culture
...). Respectively, Thoreau’s well-reasoned politics and his keen observations of the natural world appealed to my hormone-driven defiance and pacified my unruliness. I thought I knew my Thoreau.
...
Tom Gilson & Carson Weitnauer (eds), True Reason: Confronting the Irrationality of the New Atheism (Grand Rapids, MI: Kregel Publications, 2013), 315pp, US$17.99 (paperback), ISBN 978-0-8254-4338-1
Reviewed by Gregory W. Dawes, Associate Professor of Philosophy
Science, Religion and Culture
...s posed by religious diversity, the so-called “naturalism” of the modern sciences, the relations between faith and reason and religion and science, the role of religion in supporting our moral convictions, the reliability of the biblical accounts of Jesus’ life, and the problems posed by biblical endorsements of slavery and genocide. No review could do justice to so wide ...
Timothy Helton
In a Mirror Dimly: Anthropology and Restoring a Sense of Presence to an Empty World
...ugh which the ethnographers gaze at the objects of their study. Scholars that approach religion as an object fit only for analysis discover in it a model of an objectified universe; and those that assume a universe subject only to natural law find in the religions that they study worlds devoid of others–sterile w...
Souvik Ghosh, Nobumichi Kobayashi
British Journal of Virology
...udies on the genetic diversity of the antigenically important RVA VP7- and VP4- protein encoding genes are important for vaccine development or judging the efficacy of existing RVA vaccines, they do not always provide conclusive information on the overall and complex genetic makeup of RVAs, as the remaining 9 RVA gene segments are also susceptible to the forces governing RVA genetic diversity. Whole genomic analysis of RVAs ...
Johanna Lindahl 1, 2
British Journal of Virology
...riculture are three factors commonly quoted as important for disease emergence. Several of the mechanism by which urban disease emergence is promoted also increase the risks of vector-borne diseases, and the mosquito-borne Dengue virus is one of the pathogens benefitting from this. The related virus Japanese encephalitis virus is the most important cause of mosquito-borne encephalitis in the world, and is maintained in avian reservoirs...
Sehrish Kanwal1, Ali Saeed1*, Muhammad Munir2, Memoona Arshad1
British Journal of Virology
...ith P1/P2 and 1F/1R universal primer pairs directly from field samples including tissues, vesicle and secretion. The direct sequencing and subsequent analysis of amplified PCR products for VP1 gene indicated the circulation of serotype O of FMD in studied areas. Moreover, using serotype-specific primers (SA(F)/SA(R)) which target the VP1 gene, serotype O was confirmed in all representative...
El-Sayed M. Abdelwhab, Jutta Veits and Thomas C. Mettenleiter
Avian Influenza H5N1 in Egypt: What we Know and What we have to Know?
...affinity to human receptors but simultaneously retained its specificity for avian-receptors. Vaccines were applied nationwide to control the disease in poultry. Meanwhile, the viruses accumulated several point mutations in the HA immunogenic epitopes resulting in antigenic drift and the establishment of infections in vaccinated poultry. The Egyptian H5N1 viruses remain susceptible to oseltamivir, but genetic marke
Joseph Andrew Bracken
Metaphysics for a World in Evolution
... grounds that their authors are consciously or unconsciously trying to control the thinking and behavior of others. Yet, as Colin Gunton points out, human beings, thus faced with an enormous diversity of options in virtually every area of human life, end up making important decisions simply on the basis of momentary personal preference. In this article, ...
David N. Livingstone, Dealing with Darwin. Place, Politics, and Rhetoric in Religious Engagements with Evolution, Johns Hopkins University Press, 2014, 265 pp., ISBN 13: 978-1-4214-1326-6
Reviewed by Francisco J. Ayala, University Professor & Donald Bren Professor of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, email: fjayala@uci.edu
Science, Religion and Culture
...ieth century that Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection became generally accepted by biologists and other scientists. How was Darwin’s On the Origin of Species received by his contemporary scholars, particularly by theologians and religious authors? That is the subject of the thoroughly researched and elegantly written book by Dav...
Reviewed by David Svolba, Fitchburg State University, USA email: dsvolba@fitchburgstate.edu
Science, Religion and Culture
...society ‘tolerates’ religion is by exempting citizens from laws that compel them to act in ways their religions forbid, or that forbid them from acting in ways their religions require. According to Brian Leiter, religious tolerance, in this sense, is prima facie morally justified.1 It is prima facie morally justified because religion is a source of claims of conscience, and liberty of conscience is supported on both broadly Kantian and utilitarian ...
Reviewed by John Shook, University at Buffalo, USA; Email: jshook@pragmatism.org
Science, Religion and Culture
...the most prominent scholars across the humanities and sciences the same five ques- tions about science and religion, what would you ask? This opportunity came to philosopher Gregg D. Ca- ruso, thanks to a publisher whose “5 Questions” series is permitting readers to examine direct answers on all sorts of topics from today’s premier publ...
Reviewed by Rick Repetti, Kingsborough Community College, CUNY; Email: Rick.Repetti@kbcc.cuny.edu
Science, Religion and Culture
...to know things one doesn’t know.”...
Stephen Kershnar
...t-size: 12px;">Thad Metz’s book of the nature and value of the meaning of life, Meaning in Life: An Analytic Study (New York: Oxford University Press, 2013), is the single best discussion of the meaning in life in the literature. It is an extraordinary work and is required reading for anyone wishing to think seriously about the topic. It includes a c...
Thaddeus Metz
...am grateful to Stephen Kershnar for his thoughtful critical notice of my book, Meaning in Life: An Analytic Study (Metz 2013), published elsewhere in the current issue of this journal (2014). He provides a succinct and accurate overview of the book’s central conclusions, and, while being generous about its contribution to the field, also advances some penetrating criticisms of it that merit engagement. Specifically, Ke...
Stephen Kershnar
...unt....
Reviewed by Elly Vintiadis (www.ellyvintiadis.com)
...the journey of ex-believers from a life of faith to a life of atheism or agnosticism. It brings together the so-called ‘deconversion’ stories of 16 people of different gender, race, age, and religion. If, like me, you have never heard of the term “deconversion” before, it is the atheist equivalent to the religious finding of faith...
Mark Zelcer
...dish, like Z. P. Nathans’ Populere erḳlerung fun Aynshṭayn’s relaṭiṿiṭeṭ ṭeorye (Popular Explanations of Einstein’s Theory of Rel- ativity) and Yiddish translations of scientific classics like Darwin’s The Descent of Man1. These were geared toward a largely bilingual Jewish audience that h...
Muhangi Denis
...-economic status of farmers. The disease is endemic in a number of countries in sub-Saharan Africa, in Sardinia (Italy), the Russian Federations, the Caucasus and it has shown possibilities of spread within Eastern Europe. Involvement of all stakeholders in the pig value chain in designing and implementing of prevention and control strategies could be explored in future control programs. This may call for investing resources...
Sandeep Satapathy and Rupam Ghosh
...s have been seen to be persistent throughout the year seasonally claiming several lives. IL-6/IL-2 receptors have been identified as crucial mediators for clearance of influenza by up regulating several intracellular defense mechanisms. Associated with IL-6 signalling is the expression acceleration of sequestrome 1(SQSTM1) / aggrosome and colocalization of HDAC6 to the cytoplasm. The key p...
Yanina Panzera1*, Nicolas Sarute1, Lucia Carrau1, Jaime Aldaz2, Ruben Perez1
...lysis of the genetic diversity, evolution, and epidemiology of the virus in several countries. Our study allowed us to establish the presence of four genetic lineages in South America, being the continent with more lineages described to date, underscoring the high genetic diversity of the circulating strains....
Hanqin Shen1,3, Boliang Wu1,2, Guangwei Li1, Feng Chen1, Qingbin Luo1,3, Yimin Chen1, Qingmei Xie1,2,3*
...ird markets. Since the first isolate from 1994 in China, H9N2 AIVs have been prevalent over 20 areas of China, especially in South China, such as Guangdong, Guangxi, and Fujian provinces. Vaccination is the predominant strategy to prevent and control H9N2 AIVs. There are three inactivated vaccines of H9N2 AIVs have been used in domestic poultry in China. But H9N2 AIVs occurred frequently and caused severe economic losses to the poultry industries. H9N2 AIVs ca...
Ye Liu2, Yulong Cong2, Yiming Shao1*
...es will provide researchers some implications and inspirations for using HIV Tat to optimize immune responses of vaccines....
Aradhana Chopra1, Ravi Shukla2 and Tarun Kumar Sharma2,3*
... in biology....
Maureen McKeague1, Maria C. DeRosa2*
.......
Justin P. McBrayer
...ain thing advances our personal goals. When it comes to belief in God, the most famous formulation of a prudential reason for belief is Pascal’s Wager. And although Pascal’s Wager fails, its failure is instructive. Pascal’s Wager fails because it relies on unjustified assumptions about what happens in the afterlife to those who believe ...
Mark Zelcer
... loosely connected chapters dealing with a plethora of interesting themes, the book is principally a polemic against inserting metaphysical assumptions into mathematics, science, and religion. The book focuses on the metaphysical worldviews of philosophers, scientists, mathematicians, and religious thinkers. Though for reasons I elaborate on later, I would not recommend this to experts in ...
Justin P. McBrayer
...ain thing advances our personal goals. When it comes to belief in God, the most famous formulation of a prudential reason for belief is Pascal’s Wager. And although Pascal’s Wager fails, its failure is instructive. Pascal’s Wager fails because it relies on unjustified assumptions about what happens in the afterlife to those who believe ...
Bruce L. Gordon
...d, unfortunately but understandably, the view of science most non-Christians associate with evangelicalism. For scientifically literate non-Christians, it presents an obstacle to Christian faith, and for young Christians who have been raised to equate YEC with the teaching of Scripture, it can destroy their faith altogether when its falsity is discovered. With a view toward encouraging a culture of biblical and scientific literacy and overcoming the anti-intel...
Kathryne E. Taylor1 and Karen L. Mossman1,2*
...in a wide variety of diverse functions, the mechanisms through which it produces these effects continue to be elusive. Recent investigations into the ability of ICP0 to block the activation of antiviral signaling have revealed a potential explanation for some of this confusion – namely, that ICP0 has important functions in the cytoplasm that have been generally disregarded, due to the fact that many frequently used experimental manipulations restrict thi...
Xingdong Yang and Lijuan Yuan
...obiota in sterile isolators. The sterile surgical derivation and gnotobiotic status of the pigs allow studies of the infection, disease and immune responses caused by a specific pathogen in the absence of interfering maternal antibodies, other maternal immune regulators, and intestinal and environmental microbes. Due to the similarities between pigs and humans in terms of genetics, physiology, intestinal anatomy, and immune ...
Matheus Nunes Weber1, Simone Silveira1, André Felipe Streck1, Luís Gustavo Corbellini2, Cláudio Wageck Canal1*
..., BVDV-2 and ‘HoBi’-like viruses are frequently reported whereas BVDV-2 has a higher frequency when compared with other continents. It is important to reinforce that currently Brazil has no official control program for BVDV. The significance of cattle production losses or the potential implementations of commercial barrier by other countries can possibly reason the placement of governmental veterinary measures in the near future....
Simon Mwangi Kihu1*, George Chege Gitao1, Lily Caroline Bebora1, Njenga Munene John1, Gidraph Gachunga Wairire2, Ndichu Maingi1, Raphael Githaiga Wahome1, Davis Njuguna Karanja1, Julius Otieno Oyugi3, Ernest Lutomia3
...as PPR antibodies were first reported in Kenyan small stock as early as 1995, the clinical disease was observed later in 2006 following dramatic and devastating PPR outbreaks in Turkana County. In this context, an outbreak of PPRV was observed in Tukana County in 2011 and the current study detail the clinical, pathological and laboratory findings of this outbreak. The disease was clinically manifested by the depression, diarrhea, difficult breathing, muco-puru...
James Ayukepi Ayukekbong1,2
E-mail | james.ayukekbong@microbio.gu.se
Gregg D. Caruso
... reworked and expanded version of the view he first developed in Living without Free Will (2001). Important objections to the early book are answered, some slight modifications are introduced, and the overall account is significantly embellished—for example, Pereboom proposes a new account of rational deliberation consistent with the belief that one’s actions are causally deter...
John Martin Fischer
...n once said about Wagner’s music: “It is not as bad as it sounds.” Similarly, Derk Pereboom has convinced most of us working in this field that moral responsibility skepticism, at least of his kind, is not as bad as it sounds. Indeed, through his important work culminating (thus far) in this significant book, he has convinced me that the view is subtle, very plausible, and even deeply attractive. Whereas there are other forms of moral resp...
Weili Kong1, Guangpeng Ma2 and Jinhua Liu1*
...o C-terminal ‘tail’ (CTT) truncation of NS1, there are length variation types of NS1 in different subtype influenza viruses. CTT functions in several ways to defeat the cellular innate immune responses. Here, we discuss those different effects of CTT truncation or elongation of NS1 protein in different genetic backgrounds of influenza experimentations. Conclusively, it can be stated that CTT confers a positive ro...
Khalid Usman, Aziz-Ur-Rehman
...ing + 100 kg N ha-1 at first irrigation (T1); 50 kg N at first irrigation + 100 kg N ha-1 at second irrigation (T2); 50 kg N at sowing + 50 kg N at first irrigation + 50 kg N ha-1 at second irrigation (T3); and 50 kg N at first + 50 kg N at second + 50 kg N ha-1 at third irrigation (T4)] in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L...
Muhammad Arif1, Fazal Jalal1, Mohammad Tariq Jan1, Dost Muhammad2
...l- tural systems. Two years field experiments were conducted on corn crop at the research farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, during 2011-2013. Wheat-maize-wheat cropping pattern was followed with the adjustment of legumes in summer gap (land available after wheat harvest till maize sowing). Legumes i.e. mungbean, cowpea and sesbania with a fallow were adjusted in the summer gap with and without biochar applicati...
Zaheer Ahmed Deho1, Shamsuddin Tunio2, Qammaruddin Chachar2, Fateh Chand Oad2
...ent of boll opening, others did not show any response to different planting times. The variety Sadori exhibited higher values for most of the traits like sympodial branches plant-1 (14.28), seed cotton yield plant-1 (51.04g), seed cotton yield (2223kgha-1), ginning out turn (36.8%), seed index (7.4 g), and seed germination (58.5 %) as compared to other varieties. The normal (1st May sown crop) sowing showed significantly highest values for boll weight (3.18g),...
Salma Shaheen, Muhammad Jamil Khan, Saleem Jilani
...lign: justify;">A two years pot experiment was conducted using loamy textured soil to study the effect of organic manure and complex chemical fertilizer (NPK) with or without effective microorganism (EM) on the agronomic performance of spinach crop, at Gomal University D.I. Khan during 2009- 11. A commercial product called Bio-Aab was used as a source of EM. Organic manure was first mixed ...
Muhammad Irshad1, Abdur Rab1, Javed Rahman2, Muhammad Sajid1, Ilyas Khan2, Sajad Ali1, Muhammad Razaq1, Sallahuddin1
...sults in most of parameters, rather than month of January and March. In case of planting media most of the root and growth parameters were best in (silt: Garden soil: FYM at the ratio of 2:1:1). Based on the result from the experimental work, it is recommended that Kiwi cuttings should be planted in Febru- ary in soil media with combination of (silt: Garden soil: FYM at the ratio of 2:1:1) for better growth and development u...
Shahid Ali, Munir Khan
...Data from 100 wheat growers were collected through multistage stratified random sampling technique during 2009-10. Stochastic frontier analysis was employed for the estimation of technical efficiency levels and its determinants. Maximum likelihood estimation (MLE) technique was applied to estimate stochastic frontier Cobb-Douglas production function to ascertain the level of technical efficiency. The econometric computer software STATA was applied for the esti...
Arshad Ali Khan1, Muhammad Sajid1, Abdur Rab1, Sahib Alam2, Abdul Bari3
...ity of two tomato cultivars i.e., Falcon and Rio Grande for two years. The response of tomato cultivars was assessed to six combina- tions viz. 0-0 (control), 100-0, 75-25, 50-50, 25-75 and 0-100% of poultry manure (PM) and Sul- phate of Potash (SOP). All the factors (K-sources, cultivars and yea<...
Mohammad Fayaz, Abbas Ullah Jan, Dawood Jan
...obtained via log-log inverse (LLI) functional form of Engel equation. The quantity and expenditure elasticities remained less than unity with reasonable differ- ence in magnitude across urban and rural households. Quantity and expenditure elasticities of all the vegetables were higher for rural households than urban. Quality elasticities for the products under study were calculated as the difference between the expenditure and the corresponding quantity elasti...
Farhad Zulfiqar, Muhammad Ashfaq
...pply greatly helps planners and policy makers to allocate and achieve production targets and in longer term planning. A study was conducted during 2009-10 with an objective to estimate the wheat yield response function in two agro-ecological zones in Punjab. The method of ordinary least square was used. Time series data for different explanatory variable (eco- nomic, location and climatic) from 1979-2009 relating to wheat we...
Raja Waqar Ahmed Azad, Tahir Sarwar
...rete (PCC) lined watercourses on conveyance losses/efficiency in district Muzaffarabad, Azad Jammu and Kash- mir. Three watercourses namely, Sarai, Derkot and Mera Dadu were selected randomly on aging basis. Watercourses Sarai, Derkot and Mera Dadu were constructed in 2000, 2006-07 and 2011, respectively. Conveyance losses in the selected watercourses we...
Mohammed Ali Hussain, Zakiya Ahmed Hassan
...lture and Forestry, University of Duhok, Kurdistan Region-Iraq and second at FishKhabor, during spring season 2012. The experimental materials comprise seven F1 hybrids (sangaria, IK8 x zp-707, DK x Hs, zp-707 x un 44052, IK 8 x un44052, un 44052 x DK and polina). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with three replications. The analysis of variance showed highly significant differences among maize hybrids for all the traits. The hyb...
Sajid Ali1, Nouman Badar1, Hina Fatima2
E-mail | sajid_economist@yahoo.com
...ere forecasted for 18 years starting from 2013 to 2030. ARMA (1, 4), ARMA (1, 1) and ARMA (0, 1) were found appropriate for sugarcane production, sugarcane yield, and cotton production respectively, whereas ARIMA (2, 1, 1) was the suitable model for forecasting cotton yield. Some diagnostic tests were also performed on fitted models and were found well fitted....
Hussein Rashid
...et Muhammad. Such an understanding seems to flow logically from the re- sponse of certain Muslims to the publication of Salman Rushdie’s Satanic Verses in 1989, and of cartoons of Muhammad printed in Jyllands-Postens, a Danish newspaper, in 2005. In addition, the release of a You- Tube film in 2011 called Innocence of Muslims is often cited as a proximate cause of an attack on a US c...
Massimo Pigliucci, K.D.
..., particularly because I’m coming to the issue from what I feel is an increasingly rare point of view: that of a moderate liberal atheist....
John Teehan
...ess. Such attacks, of course, raise vital questions of public safety and the costs we are willing to pay for that safety. They also raise questions of how to understand the complex conditions that give rise to such events and the conditions for such events are always complex, even when facile “explanations” are readily available, i.e. the violent nature of Islam, their hatred of Western freedom, etc. A consistent...
Ozgur Koca
...violence between the Shi’a and the Sunnis in Iraq and Syria....
Michael Shermer
..., 2015, including edi- tors and cartoonists of the satirical publication Charlie Hebdo?
A. “Moses rocks!”
B. “Jesus saves!”
C. “Vishnu lives!”
D. “Buddha avenged!” E. “Atheists rule!”
F. “Allahu Akbar!”
Lawrence Krauss
...slamic world to the bittersweet cover published the week following that tragedy....
Varadaraja V. Raman
...rm terrorism usually refers to any act (pre-determined and/or methodical) whose goal is to frighten and possibly kill people. Invading soldiers over the ages have terrorized innocent civilians in many regions of the world. Governments have terrorized their own people, the most glaring instance was in post-Revolutionary France during the Reign of Terror. On the other hand disgruntled, oppressed, and frustrated citizens (Irish...
Frank Griffel
... newsstands to buy the first issue of “Charlie Hebdo” after the attacks on the satirical magazine. It showed yet another caricature of a dark-skinned man in white jelabiyya and turban carrying the now famous “Je suis Charlie” sign. The headline above the drawing of the man reads: Tout est pardonné, all is forgiven. Regular readers of the journal know the man with the brown skin, white jelabiyya,...
Ghazalah Yasmin1*, Mir Ajab Khan2, Nighat Shaheen3, Umbreen Javed Khan4
E-mail | ghazalahrizwan@yahoo.com
Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, Vol. 31, Iss. 1
...justify; ">To better understand systematic characters of Aconogonon (Polygonaceae), we studied pollen morphology in three (A. alpinum, A. rumicifolium and A. tortuosum) of five species distributed in Pakistan using light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy. Results showed that Aconogonon is characterized by tricolpate pollen with microspinulose type of exine ornamentation. One distinctive pollen type was rec...
Yashab Tur
Science, Religion and Culture, Vol. 2, Iss. 2
...k, a world which encounters cylinder-powered platen printing machines, the telegraph, the steam ships and railways—all coming from countries dimly perceived and barely understood. These fruits of modern science are accompanied by a host of ideas about the emergence and propagation of life on earth which, to the lay believer, seemed outright un-Godly. Marwa Elshakry, now an Associate Professor of History at Columbia Uni...
Thomas J. Coleman III
Science, Religion and Culture, Vol. 2, Iss. 2, Pages 39-41
...f you were like me, at first glance this would be an obvious answer: godless naturalism intertwined with the “New Atheism” of the Richard Dawkins’s and Sam Harris’s of the world gets to lay claim to the man and his ideas, or at least they have often appropriated him in this fashion. However, J. David Pleins’s book The Evolvi...
Masood ur Rahman1*, Zahid Mahmood2, Taj Ali2, Muhammad Aziz Irfan Mufti3, Jehangir Khan Seyal4, Munir Ahmad5
E-mail | masoodra@hotmail.com
Sarhad Journal of Agriculture, Vol. 31, Iss. 1
...r of gear teeth. Worm gears made from three different copper alloys were tested against soil resistance in sandy loam soil bin. The gears were formed of commercial gun metal (Cu 87.76%, Sn 7.74, Zn 1.52%), gun metal (Cu 88%, Sn 7.38%, Zn 1.78%), and gear bronze (Cu 85.92%, Sn 4.96%, Zn 2.93%, Ni 1.23%). The gear compositions were determined using atomic absorption. The gears under test exh...
Nayle Maria Oliveira da Silva1*, Ricardo do Carmo Zanella2
...ted that 3% of the world’s population is infected with the virus. Patients in hemodialysis units have an increased risk for contracting HCV, and high prevalence rates have been found in hemodialysis units around the world. HCV induces chronic liver disease, which is characterized by a persistent hepatic parenchyma inflammatory process that may progress to cirrhosis and hepatocarcinoma. Viral clearance occu
Chun-Yi Lin1, Meng-Ling Wu2, Tang-Long Shen1, Hsin-Hung Yeh3, Ting-Hsuan Hung1*
... methods provide the understanding of the genetic diversities among viroid isolates and quantify viroids in citrus host. Our field survey can help clarify citrus-viroid relationships and develop proper prevention strategies in the near future.
...
Rashid Saleem1*, Zammurad Iqbal Ahmad2, Muhammad Abbas Anees2, Abdul Razzaq3 and Ashiq Saleem1
... yield contributing factors were also recorded in PK+ inoculation with Rhizobium. Partial land equivalent ratio (LER) of intercropped maize was 0.96 than respective sole crop. Maximum partial LER of mungbean (0.70) was recorded in intercropping systems. Total LER in maize + mungbean intercropping systems was 1.66 which indicates that 66 % more area would be required to attain same yield from respective sole cropping systems. Likewise, in fertility treatments t...
Galina N. Leonova1*, Ilya G. Kondratov2, Sergei I. Belikov2
...t isolated from Ixodes persulcatus ticks and one strain was isolated from the blood of a person after a tick bite. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these strains are related to LI/A and LI/K strains isolated in England and Scotland.
...
Malik Ikram Ullah1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1*, Muhammad Sadiq1, Inayatullah Awan1, Muhammad Munir2, Ghazanfarullah1
... Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan during 2011. Six nitrogen treatments (80, 120, 160, 200, 240 and 280 kg ha-1) and a control one were studied in this trial. Growth and yield traits and quality such as plant height, stem diameter, leaf area plant-1, leaf area index, chlorophyll content, green fodder yield, dry matter yield, crude protein, crude fiber and ash percentage were significantly increased with increase nitrogen levels (200, 24...
Muhammad Mudassar Maqbool1, Anser Ali1, 2 *, Tanveer ul Haq1, Muhammad Nasir Majeed1, Dong Jin Lee2
...ht, number of total tillers per plant, number of fertile tillers per plant, number of nodes per plant, spikelet per spike, number of grains per spike, 100-grain weight and dry matter per plant as compared with control. Wheat genotype Faisal-2008 exhibited comparatively more drought tolerance with less decrease in growth rate (18.70%); total dry matter (26.94%), 100-grain weight (23.45%) and grain yield (21.50%) as compared w...
Ahmed Sultan Jatoi1*, Shahid Mehmood2, Jibran Hussain2, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq2, Yassar Abbas3, Muhammad Akram2
...nd Training Centre, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore. For this purpose, 2160 newly hatched quail chicks were randomly picked up from available stock and then placed into 108 experimental units (replicates comprising 20 chicks each). Growth parameters i.e. weekly body weight (g), weight gain (g), times of weight gain, feed intake (g) and Feed Conversion Ratio (FCR) were ...
Nisar Ahmad1*, Inayatullah Jan2, Saif Ullah1 and Sidra Pervez1
...major sector of Pakistan’s economy as it has a significant contribution to GDP, employment generation, and export earnings in the economy of Pakistan. Due to modernization in agriculture sector over the last few decades, credit needs of the farmers have increased rapidly. Credit is considered an important factor for raising the productivity and income of the farmers. The current stud...
Dallin D. Oaks
...taken seriously by scholars in historical linguistics, but what are regarded by some as problematic aspects of the account may actually relate to claims that have been incorrectly attributed to the account. In fact, the account may not be reporting a sudden and immediate confusion of languages, or even a sequence in which a confusion of languages led to a scattering of the people. Indeed, a close examination of the account seems to allow an interpretation of e...
Aqeel Ahmad, Zammurad Iqbal Ahmed, Irfan Aziz*
...s were conducted at University Research Farm, Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi during 2007-2009. Lentil was planted in winter and during summer sorghum (sorghum bicolor) and mung bean (vigna radiata) followed lentil. Five different fertilizer treatments i.e. farmyard manure (FYM) 30 tons ha-1, NPK 35-40-20 kg ha-1, poultry manure 20 tons ha-1, compost (press mud) 12.5...
Leonard Izzard1, 2, John Stambas1, 2*
... immunity and as biomarkers for disease severity....
Shen Yang1, Guang-Zhi Tong1, 2*
Josef D. Jarhult1, 2
...with approximately 24 hours, and increases nausea and vomiting by 3-5%. Whether oseltamivir treatment has an effect on the frequency of influenza complications or not remains controversial. Oseltamivir is still standard as prophylaxis, treatment of severely ill patients and patients with risk factors for severe influenza disease as well as an important part of pandemic preparedness plans. ...
Hayat Badshah1*, Farman Ullah1, Abid Farid2, Ahmad-U-Rahman Saljoqi1, Sajjad Ahmad3
...basic life table parameters i.e. female life span, adult female weight, longevity and reproductive potential of P. solenopsis on okra (Abelmoschus esculentus Linn.), brinjal (Solanum melongena Linn.), potato (Solanum tuberosum Linn.), China rose (Hibiscus rosa-sinensis Linn) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.). The experiment was conducted under Laboratory conditions (25-32°C, 55-65% R.H. and 12:12 light: dark, ph...
David Kyle Johnson
...two shortcomings in Hume’s argument that motive the development of a new (correct) criterion regarding when belief in the miraculous is justified; I will then show why it is impossible to fulfill this criterion. I will conclude by considering objections....
Kemi Funmilayo Omotesho1*, Isreal Ogunlade1, Opeyemi Eyitayo Ayinde2
... extension to the end users. This study analysed farmers’ perception of the accountability of agricultural extension services rendered in Oyo State, Nigeria. Structured interview schedule was used in eliciting information from 195 farmers in rural communities across the four agro-ecological zones in the study area using a two-stage random sampling ...
Asma Noshad1, Mudassar Iqbal1*, Zafar Iqbal1, Hamida Bibi2, Saifullah3, Salma Bibi4, Hamid Ullah Shah1
Hina Fatima1*, Muhammad Azeem Khan2
...food item of the country’s population and the largest grain crop as well. Pakistan has been regularly importing wheat, except for the few years. Wheat’s domestic production has remained short of its domestic demands. To estimate the wheat varietal effect on wheat production and technical efficiency, a Cobb-Douglas Translog frontier analysis has been done. A primary research is ...
Faheem Khan*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...cts namely Mardan and Charsadda of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province were selected for this purpose. A multi-stage sampling method was used to draw sample of 336 sugarcane growers for the present study and an interview schedule was used to solicit responses that addressed the research objectives. The findings from the study showed that 80 percent of respondents were illiterate while the 20 percent of respondents who were literate...
Imdad Sohu1, Allah Wadhayo Gandahi2*, Ghulam Raza Bhutto2, Muhammad Salim Sarki2, Rabail Gandahi3
...h inorganic NPK fertilizers had shown positive effect on chickpea plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of pods plant-1 and seed index. The growth and yield of chickpea significantly increased with the collective application of chemical fertilizers and organic manures. It is concluded that the application of half of recommended dose of NKP (18-36-10 kg ha-1) in combination with poultry manure or farmyard manure a...
Shahid Iqbal Awan1*, Syed Dilnawaz Ahmad2, Muhammad Amjad Ali3, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed1, Aurangzeb Rao1
...s used to assess the diversity in 176 wheat genotypes for morpho-physiological traits. Simple correlation coefficients indicated that grain weight had a significant positive relationship with residual transpiration, osmotic adjustment, cell membrane stability, flag leaf weight, specific flag leaf weight, while negatively correlated with specific flag leaf area. These results indicated the importance of physiological traits and their positive influence on grain...
Thomas J. Coleman III1*, Ralph W. Hood Jr.1 and John R. Shook2
...fy;">Over the past 10 years research and scholarship on secularity in general, and atheism in particular, has increased significantly. Moreover, these phenomena have been researched, studied and documented by multiple disciplines ranging from cognitive science to religious studies, and from anthropology to sociology. The study of atheism and secularity is of high interest to not only scholars<...
Jonathan Jong
... paper argues that scholars of religion and nonreligion should accept the fact that “religion” and “nonreligion” are, like all social scientific concepts (and some biological ones), fuzzy categories. There is no such thing as religion, such that the term “religion” picks out all and only all examples of religion, or specifies the necessary and sufficient conditions for counting as religious. Rather, there are causally and ph...
Ethan G. Quillen
...: justify;">In recent years the study of Atheism has grown in popularity, leading to both positive and negative results. On one end, this has engendered a polyvocal and polyfocal discourse, garnering perspectives from a number of different methodological and theoretical approaches so as to develop a truly inter- and multi-disciplinary understanding about...
Ryan T. Cragun1*, Joseph H. Hammer2, Michael Nielsen3
...undreds of measures of personal religiousness and spirituality exist, none are capable of reliably and validly assessing individuals who identify as nonreligious and nonspiritual. There is a need to develop a valid and reliable measure of (non)religiousness and (non)spirituality. This article discusses these problems, and presents the development and initial validation of a 17-item Nonreligious-Nonspiritual Scale (NRNSS) across three studies. The NRNSS exhib...
Luke Galen
...are attributable to factors other than beliefs, chiefly, social engagement and embeddeness in supportive groups. Often, those with the lowest levels of well-being and prosociality are uncommitted or indifferent religious believers, not socially engaged nonbelievers. Therefore, defining individuals who are not committed or engaged in socially supportive groups solely in terms of their lack ...
Joseph Langston1*, Joseph Hammer2, Ryan T. Cragun3
...to research on nonbelievers, their communities, and the atheist movement in general by dividing nonbelievers (N=1,939) into four groups based on degree of formal affiliation and assessing attitudes, perceptions, and preferences in three areas. First, we examined the preferences of nonbelieving group members (“secular affiliates”), former mem...
Gareth Longden
...Campbell published the first detailed survey of the members of the British Humanist Association. His survey of 931 members represented the most comprehensive study of the members of the organisation then published. The current research builds on Campbell’s work and offers a det...
John Stinespring, Ryan T. Cragun*
...lign: justify;">The authors develop a simple Markov model to forecast future rates of religious nonaffiliation. A two-period, two-variable Markov switching model is used which yields a tractable steady state solution and growth path for the share of the population that is nonreligious. The model setup and solution are shown to be both intuitive and determined by three parameter values. The authors illustrate its use by estim...
Benjamin Beit-Hallahmi
...bly more than 100,000 years, while academic research is a recent historical development. Over the past century, individuals who make academic research their life’s work have been themselves the subject of academic studies which looked at their social origins, conscious ideals, beliefs, and psychological traits. The findings regarding religiosity have been striking. Academics, especially eminent ones, turn out to be qui...
David F. Bradley*, Julie J. Exline, Alex Uzdavines
... distant). Can nonbelievers form an image of a hypothetical god? What characteristics do their hypothetical gods have? We conducted an Internet-based survey of adult nonbelievers in the U.S. (N = 458). Most (86%; N = 393) were able to form an image of a hypothetical god. On average, nonbelievers described a god that was more loving than distant or cruel. Compared to a previously reported...
Rabbi Paul Shrell-Fox
... to assume that over one’s lifetime, intuition and attitudes towards a belief in God is subject to fluctuation. Dennett and LaScola found this to be true with priests and ministers. That study was the catalyst for the current study of rabbis’ shift in religious beliefs in general, and belief in God in particular. Approximately 25 rabbis voluntarily submitted vignettes concernin...
Liz Goodnick
...evil (perhaps better understood as the problem of pain and/or suffering): it is difficult to understand why an all-knowing, all-powerful, and perfectly good being2 would allow his creatures to suffer: “Epicurus’s old questions are yet unanswered. Is he willing to prevent evil, but not able? then is he impotent. Is he able, but not willing? then is he malevolent. Is he both able...
Marcus Mann
...neuroscience at the University of California – Los Angeles, woke up with an itch. He had been shaken to his core by the events of the previous day and found himself drawn to his computer, relating his thoughts on the 9/11 terrorist attacks’ implications to a word processor. What started as an itch evolved into his first book, The End of Faith: a scathing indictment of religion,...
Amanda Schutz
...ate effectively with others in society. Phil Zuckerman spends the remainder of the book refuting this claim. His goal is to explore “how secular people navigate their lives,” which is no small task. Throughout the book he discusses how secularists do in fact have morals, successfully raise children, deal with death and heartache, and build communities—basically, how they carry on without supernatural guidance....
Rick Repetti
...e, and accessible book I’ve ever read on Buddhist philosophy, a subject I’ve studied for over 40 years, and in this assessment I include both primary and secondary sources, both Western and Buddhist. It is also one of the best philosophy books I’ve ever read—my few (minor) objections notwithstanding. ...
Ali Muhammad*, Muhammad Ayub
...smosis process which alters the composition of olive fruit. Phenolic compounds, flavonoids and anthocyanins which are the major components of olive fruits degrades significantly during four weeks of treatment process. Results showed that during brine treatment, fermentation take place which significantly convert the oleourepean into simple sugar and decreased during treatment process. Lye solution penetrates inside the msesocarp and than en...
Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro*, Habib-Ur-Rehman Memon, Muhammad Ali Ansari, Ahmed Naqi Shah
Gultaj Hussain1, Abdur Rahman1*, Tariq Hussain2, Siraj Uddin1, Tariq Ali3
E-mail | abdur_rahman@aup.edu.pk
...um at 0, 48, 144 and 288hrs during 12 days of meat samples refrig- eration storage at 4±1 °C. The pH of meat samples were checked and recorded on similar intervals. During 12 days storage, significant reductions (i.e. P <0.05) were found in both E. coli O157: H7 and S. typhymurium growth when exposed to these treatments. Results revealed that levels of citric and lactic acid concentrations effect were maximum for 5.0%, followed by 3.0% and least ...
Guoyi Li1, Haiyan Tong1, Jiansheng Chen2, Jinliang Wei2, Xiaoming Zhao2, Guoping Zhang2, Zixue Shi2*
E-mail | shizixue@gmail.com
Brittany D. Rife 1,2, Marco Salemi 1,2*
E-mail | salemi@pathology.ufl.edu
... at the forefront of understanding epidemiological processes through the reconstruction of evolutionary history and spatial dissemination of pathogens. Infection of a single host can be viewed similarly as an epidemic spread on a microscale, creating a unique opportunity for the application of phylogeography at the intra-host level, which has until recently been limited by dataset quality and the lack of a rigorous statistical framework.&nb...
Rick Repetti
...sophy: Peter van Inwagen’s consequence argument, which asserts that if choices are lawfully necessary consequences of prior events, then they are unfree; Derk Pereboom’s two arguments for hard incompatibilism: the manipulation argument, which asserts that manipulated choices are unfree, determinism is functionally equivalent to manipulation, and thus determined choices are unfree; and the rand...
Opeyemi Eyitayo Ayinde1*, Kayode Ayinde2, Tofunmi Emmanuel Ilori1, Raphael Olanrewaju Babatunde1
E-mail | opeyemi@unilorin.edu.ng
...e deviation estimators and simultaneous equation model. The study further established that the prices of staple foods were inter-related. Also, it was showed that agricultural credit guarantee scheme funds (ACGSF), agricultural policies during structural adjustment period (SAP) and post-structural adjustment period (PSAP) were statistically significant while the agricultural input subsidy scheme was statistically insignificant in their...
Reviewed by Dr William Patterson
...ument....
Oladipo Elijah Kolawole*, Oloke Julius Kola, Awoyelu Elukunbi Hilda, Olasunmibo Oluwatobi Gabriel, Ogunyale Tolulope Temitope
E-mail | koladipo2k3@ yahoo.co.uk
...ere 40.14±0.47 years and 387.28±18.91 cells/mm3 respectively. Out of 275 subjects tested, 15(5.45%; 95% confidence interval) were positive for anti-HEV IgM. Anti- HEV IgM was highest among the age group 11-20 (9.09%), female (7.83%), civil servant (7.37%), > 500 CD4/ mm3 (7.89%). The multivariate analysis between age and CD4 count shows highest prevalence in the age range 31-40 years with CD4+ count less tha...
Stephen Kershnar
Email: stephen.kershnar@fredonia.edu
...e (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014), is again the best work on the topic and required reading for anyone who wants to think seriously about the topic....
Temitope Oluwasegun Cephas Faleye1, Johnson Adekunle Adeniji1, 2 *
...ial VP1 and EV-C-3Dpol/3’-UTR PCR assays, amplicons sequenced and subjected to phylogenetic analysis. Both sites yielded two isolates each on MCF-7 cell line while on RD cell line one site yielded one and the other seven isolates. None of the twelve isolates replicated on L20B cell line. All were positive for both the panenterovirus 5l-UTR and partial VP1 PCR reactions while only the four isolates recovered on MCF-7 where positive for the EV-C-3Dpol/3&
Rodolfo Villagra-Blanco1*, Gaby Dolz1, Danilo Montero-Caballero2, Juan Jose Romero-Zuniga2
...Risk and protective factors determined in the present study were not in accordance with this insect borne disease. The results of this study indicate that BTV is endemic in sheep herds from Costa Rica, and animals seem not show clinical signs. We recommend carrying out further studies, to determine the presence of BTV in goats and wild ruminants, and to identify serotypes present in the country....
Elly Vintiadis
...p;physics at Oxford University who is also a devout Christian. The aim of this book, as the author describes it in the introduction, is to show that scientific study of the natural world and mainstream theistic belief are at ease with each other. It is a main contention of the book that the question of the conflict between science and religion is ill-posed because, properly understood, thei...
Shumaila Manzoor1, Afshan Ahmed1 and Muhammad Abubakar2*
... pattern of antibody titers in animals of different age groups was observed as less than 1 year, 1-2 years and more than 2 years for both ELISA and SNT. The peak immune response measured by SNT was 2.8log10 whereas ELISA detected serum antibody titer up to 2.4 log10. Findings showed that highest titers were seen in an...
Muhammad Arif Zafar1, Murtaz-ul-Hasan1*, Aayesha Riaz1, Asim Shamim2, Muhammad Farooq Iqbal1 and Arfan Yousaf
E-mail | murtazhassan@yahoo.com
...long with immune-modulators and to compare its efficacy with autogenous vaccine alone and partial excision of the lesions. To this end, nine animals were selected clinical and sporadic papillomas different body parts. These animals were divided into three groups; Group A animals were operated for partial excision of the lesions, Group B were inoculated with autogenous vaccine alone and Group C were treated with inoculation of autogenous vaccine supplement...
Youssef Lhor1*, Mounir Khayli1, Mohamed Bouslikhane2, Mehdi El Harrak3, Ouafaa Fassi Fihri2
Email: y.lhor@yahoo.fr
...nidae) biting midge vectors from April 2009 to March 2010 in Morocco. In order to assess the implementation of integrated control measures and disease risk analysis, this entomological survey was performed on the risk of transmission of bluetongue virus (BTV) and identification of the main breeding sites of Culicoides. From April 2009 to March 2010, the study was carried out at 14 sites distributed across the country. Results indicated that...
Muhammad Zubair, Sajid Mahmood Sajid
...inhibits estrogen receptors in the hypothalamus, inhibiting negative feedback of estrogen on gonadotropin release and leading to up-regulation of ovulation. It has useful effects on the reproduction of female in terms of reduction in puberty and ovulation induction. The beneficial effects are manifested in male in terms of improvement of semen....
Tomas Jinnerot1*, Karin Malm1, Erik Eriksson1 and Jonas Johansson Wensman2
E-mail | Tomas.Jinnerot@sva.se
...mong dogs in close quarters. Fast and accurate diagnostics enables the selection of proper management. Our objective was to develop a sensitive and specific real-time PCR for detection of B. bronchiseptica in samples from dogs with respiratory signs. A genome comparison program was used to select a suitable target DNA sequence. A PCR targeting the bfrZ gene was developed which showed no cross-reactivity in silico or when t...
Claudia Kohl*, Andreas Nitsche, Andreas Kurth
Email: kohlc@rki.de
...NGS applications and offers the opportunity to study i.e. whole ecosystems. Basically, the metagenomics approach is similar to well-known shotgun-sequencing, though on a much bigger scale. For instance, the metagenome of a lake would include all the fish, ducks, plants, fungi, bacteria and everything else that belongs to the lake. If we apply this approach to clinical samples we can identify the community of etiological pathogens, without any knowledge on the ...
Ummara Waheed Khan, Raza Ahmed, Irum Shahzadi and Mohmmad Maroof Shah
Email | mmshah@ciit.net.pk
...al to develop new cultivars with desirable traits through somaclonal and gametoclonal selection. While successful tissue culture is critical for genetic transformation, it has been facing greater impediments in wheat and related crop species. Its success depends largely upon the average effect of several important factors including explant tissue, culture medium, plant genotypes, and their interactions, t...
Shubhada K Chothe, Bhushan M Jayarao and Suresh V Kuchipudi
...as novel regulatory factors which can escape the anti-protein environment in the virus infected cells and are likely to be conserved across the species. Here, we summarize our current knowledge about the role of lncRNAs in influenza virus infection and the exciting prospect of exploiting lncRNAs as targets to develop novel anti-viral therapies....
Nagina Zeb, Muhammad Sajid, Abdul Mateen Khattak and Imtiaz Hussain
...ried out at Ornamental Nursery, Department of Horticulture, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University, Peshawar during 2011. Suckers of chrysanthemums were planted during the first week of January and transplanted in 20 cm clay pots in July. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors<...
Muhammad Arif Zafar1*, Arfan Yousaf1, Murtaz-ul-Hasan1, Faisal Ayub Kiayani1, Matee ul Islam2 and Muhammad Farooq Iqbal1
...ptic shock. Animal was first stabilized with supportive treatment prior to surgical decompression. A modified two-layer hand-sewn anastomosis technique was used. Herniorrhaphy was done with sliding mattress sutures. After first 10 days post-surgical decompression and administration of fluid, antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug, good outcome in the calf was obtained. There was no postoperative complication su...
Mushtaq Ahmad1*, Habib Akbar1, Mohammad Tariq Jan1, Muhammad Jamal Khan Khattak2 and Abdul Bari3
... and its related parameters of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris L.) at Sugar Crops Research Institute Mardan during 2011-12 and 2012-13. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement in four replications. Sugar beet was sown at the rate of 6 kg ha-1 at four seeding depths from 1 to 4 cm. Nitrogen was applied at band and broadcast methods at the rate of 140 kg ha-1 mixed with biochar at the rate of 25 and 50 t ha-1. The ...
Corey McCal
...in (Theology, Emory University) seeks to account for European secularization during the modern period. Unlike Hans Blumenberg, and, more recently, Charles Taylor, who tell the story of secularization as a process distinct from religious belief and religious institutions, Erdozain argues that the basis for secularization can be found in the religious ferment of modernity itself, beginning with the Protestant Reformation and extending through the fi
Rick Repetti
... – defenses of God’s goodness that justify creating minimally satisfactory beings/worlds – originate with Robert Merrihew Adams (1972, 1979). Adams (1972) argued that in creating imperfect beings God was graceful in giving the undeserved gift of life. There have been many objections to Adams’s argument; e.g., Jerome A. Weinstock (1975) objected that God still would have been graceful in granting undes...
Shahid Ali1, Habib Akbar2, Mohammad Tariq Jan2, Mohammad Jamal Khan3 and Abdul Bari4
...lot arrangement, over years (2012-13 and 2013-14). Planting sources i.e. standing (fresh canes frost exposed) trenched (stored canes frost protected) and canes portions top, middle, bottom and mixed 33 % each were assigned to main plots, while setts placement methods i.e. single, one and a half, double and triple setts 40 cm in length were allotted to sub-plots. Recommended dose of fertilizer i.e. N: 150. P2O5: 100. K2O: 100 were applied and standard managemen...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa1, Faizah Abood2, Yusof Bin Ibrahim3
...gainst three larval instars of Atteva sciodoxa under laboratory conditions of 27±2ºC, 75% RH and 12:12 h photoperiod. Instar 3rd responded with 100% mortality at 5x107 conidia ml-1, while same level of mortality was recorded in 5th instar at 1x108 conidia ml-1. Instar 5 also showed the lowest mortality (33.3%) at 1x106 conidia ml-1. Median effective concentration (EC50) ranged between 9.87x105 and 21.30x105 conidia ml-1 for 3rd to 5th insta
Kang-Seuk Choi
...: justify;">Infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus-like particles (VLPs) comprising only viral capsid proteins mimic the naive configuration of authentic IBD virus particles. The VLPs show intrinsic immunogenicity and a high safety profile. Thus, VLPs are considered one of the most promising approaches to vaccine development and are an alternative to inactivated IBD vaccines. In addition, VLP technology has many applications. This paper reviews the potent...
Mohammad Taghi Karimi
...between 1960 and 2015 years. Keywords such as kyphosis, spinal deformities were used in combination with orthosis, brace and corset. The searched outcome indicated that there were at least 15 articles published on this topic and most of them have a small number of subjects. Although some new orthoses have been developed to decrease the curve of kyphosis, most of them did not test on more number of subjects. It seems that Mil...
Monireh Ahmadi Bani1*, Mostafa Kamali2, Iman Borji3, Soheyla Aslani3, Francis Fatoye4
... Their stability parameters were evaluated based on the old and new methods. Paired sample t-test was used for comparison between two methods and different conditions (eyes open and eyes closed). Traditional method for stability analysis showed no difference between two conditions in one minute standing (p ≥ 0.05). However, the new method confirmed that stability parameters significantly decreased in five minutes standing...
Fatemeh Kheiri
...tic and kinetics parameters were evaluated by use of the motion analysis system and a Kistler force plate. The stability of subjects during standing and their energy consumption while walking were analyzed by the use of a Kistler force plate and a polar heart rate monitoring. The difference between the kinetic and kinematic between sound and prosthetic sides was evaluated by two sample t-test. The physiological cost index of amputees varied between 0.42 and 0....
Seyed Mohsen Mirbod
...he mediolateral excursion of the knee joint decreased while walking with the knee orthosis in contrast to normal walking. Moreover, the mediolateral moment applied on the knee joint decreased significantly. This new design of the orthosis improves the performance of the subjects during walking. It carried same performance as that of the knee cage, and additionally is more cosmesis, ease in use and is economical....
Jonas Johansson Wensman1*a, Karl-Johan Leuchowius2,3 a, Jiting Yan1, Anna-Lena Berg4, Liv Bode5, Hanns Ludwig5, Sandor Belak6, Ulf Landegren2, Ola Soderberg2, Mikael Berg6
...al and behavioral disorders in a wide range of mammalian animals, possibly including humans. Viral persistence in the brain has been frequently observed, however, the exact mechanisms behind BDV’s ability to establish persistence despite a prominent immune response are not known. Here we have used in situ proximity ligation assay (in situ PLA), a s...
Maurice A. Finocchiaro
...for defending Copernicus’s hypothesis of the earth’s motion and denying the scientific authority of Scripture. This ended the original controversy, but generated a new one that continues today, for example, about whether the condemnation proves the incompatibility between science and religion. Recently the Galileo affair has been studied by several schola<...
Muhammad Amjad Nadim1*, Mohammad Safdar Baloch1, Ejaz Ahmad Khan1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Kashif Waseem2
...anic, synthetic fertilizers and micronutrients on growth and yield of wheat was conducted at the Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan. The trial was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) using split-plot arrangements with four replications. Main plot consisted of NPK and organic fertilizers while micronutrients viz. Zn, Cu and B (alone and in combinations) were assigned to sub-plots. Th...
Khalid Ali1*, Amanullah Jan2
...h the inorganic fertilizers in the prevailing cropping system may increase crop productivity and net profitability through improving soil physico-chemical properties and fertility. Two years field experiments were conducted at the Agriculture Research Institute Tarnab, Peshawar- Pakistan (semiarid conditions) to investigate the effect of two green manuring crop species (guar and millet), their incorporation age (40, 70 and 1...
Rehmat Ullah1*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan1 and Kalim Ullah2
...put followed by fertilizers. Top most source of agriculture information was input dealers followed by Model Farm Services Center. The top learned skills by respondents in MFSC were the agronomic practices whereas there was big gap in horticultural practices. Major constraints identified were less machinery utilization duration, complication in machinery booking process, costly rental prices, out-dated machinery, preference o...
Abiodun D. Olabode
...ase in yield over the years. This study evaluates the productive capacity of some selected rice farms in Kwara State, Nigeria, with a view to identify farm management practices that enhance sustainable production of rice in the study area. Primary data were obtained through the use interview schedule. Eighty copies of structured interview were purposively employed to obtain individual response of the farmers whose plots fall...
Moorthy S. Muthuswamy
...justify;">Religious leaders have become influential in many Muslim communities. This is despite these leaders having had less influence about 50 years ago, due to the encroaching of modernity backed by science. Science not only contests religious leaders’ worldview, but it also offers
Yongfeng Li, Mo Zhou, Xiao Wang, Libao Xie, Hua-Ji Qiu*
...st CSFV and viral receptors, conveniently tracking the viral proteins in live cells as well as improving diagnostic methods and vaccines for classical swine fever....
John G. Bruno1*, Chien-Chung Chao2,3, Zhiwen Zhang3, Wei-Mei Ching2,3, Taylor Phillips1, Allison Edge1, Jeffery C. Sivils1
...Abstract | DNA aptamers were developed against Rickettsia typhi (R. typhi) whole cells and individual candidate aptamer sequences were ranked according to affinity by an ELISA-like microplate-screening assay (ELASA). Top three candidate aptamers were then paired in a matrix of all possible capture and reporter aptamer combinations and tested in a fluorescent peroxidase-linked Amplex® UltraRed (AUR; a re...
John G. Bruno
...tic development of aptamers or aptamer conjugates with associated mass production to provide rapid passive immunity for large human populations in the event of a major pandemic or infectious disease doomsday scenario. ...
Behzad Hussain1, 2, Abdullah Iqbal2, Muhammad Abubakar2*
...c in many regions. The first case of CCHF was reported in 1976 in Rawalpindi and after that, multiple sporadic cases and outbreaks have occurred in subsequent years and till today. CCHF outbreaks have a case fatality rate of up to 40%, which is alarming. It is a zoonotic disease and the virus is transmitted mainly to the humans through hard tick bite and direct contact with blood of the infected animal. The occurrence of CCH...
Mohammed A. Rohaim1*, Rania F. El Naggar2, Ahmed M. Helal3, Hussein Ahmed Hussein1 and Neil LeBlanc4
...This study reports the first pathotypic and genetic characterizations of the pigeon paramyxovirus type I (PPMV-1) from pigeon in Egypt during 2014. Pathotyping, based on the mean death time (86 hours) in eggs and the intracerebral pathogenicity index (1.2), and the amino acid motif, (112KRQKR116), at the cleavage site of the fusion (F) protein indicated the emergence of PPMV-1 in Egypt. Phylogenetic analysis of the F and hae...
Ilham Ulla, G. Arjumand, Nawab Ali and Mohammad Akmal*
...nomy Research Farm, University of Agriculture Peshawar Pakistan. Sunflower (cv. Hysun-33) was planted on different dates i.e. Jul. 1, 11 and 21 treated with different N-rates starting from 40 kg ha-1 with a 40 kg increment to the maximum of 160 (kg ha-1) including a control treatment in a randomized complete block (RCB) design in four replications. Sowing date (SD) were main plot and N-rate subplot treatments. Mean results of replications...
Haq Aman Ullah1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Ijaz2 and Aqeel Javeed3
...flatoxin B1 by using reverse phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC. Out of total samples Aflatoxin B1 was detected in 33 feed samples, with a percent contamination rate of 83%. The level of aflatoxin B1 ranged from 0 to 225.736 ppb in different feed samples. The maximum level of aflatoxin B1 was detected in cotton seed cake (mean level 137.059 ± 22.293 ppb) followed by wanda, homemade concentrate mixture and wheat bran.. Amongst the positiv...
Mohammed M. Islam1, 3 *, Damian F. J. Purcell2 and George Kannourakis1,3
... identify viruses of diverse genetic backgrounds. ...
Shahida Bibi* and Ijaz Ahmad Khan
...esearch Farm of The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan during the year 2012. The study was carried out in a split-plot design with three replications. Herbicide treatments (herbicide used and herbicide not used) were assigned to main plots, while intercropping treatments (sole maize, sole mungbean, 5 rows of mungbean + 6 rows of maize, 10 row of mungbean + 6 rows of maize) were allotted to subplots. Results of the study revealed that weed density m
Murtaza Ali*, Yasser Durrani and Muhammad Ayub
...ical and sensory parameters (water activity, ash content, percent acidity, pH, moisture content, reducing and non-reducing sugars, taste, texture, color and overall acceptability). Statistically minimum decrease was observed in water activity, pH, moisture content and organoleptic characters. While, stable increase was noted in percent acidity and ash content during storage. It was conclud...
Mukhtarullah1, Jawad Ali2 and Mohammad Akmal1*
...ever, average yield differs by 100% from the national average yield due to rainfed planting (67%). Sowing of wheat in the area starts in October subject to onset of winter rains which delays its planting in the season. This study aims to compare yield performance of newly released varieties of wheat by delay in sowing in the season under rainfed condition. Field experiment was conducted at Agriculture Research Farm, Ahmad Wala Karak, Pakistan in a randomized c...
Tahir Khan, Raziuddin, Fakharuddin* and Muazam Jamal Razi
...opulations and parents versus F4 populations for days to 50% flowering, days to maturity, plant height, primary branches plant-1 and main raceme length. Among parents, CA2, DH8, DH4, CA4 and DH6 performed better for different traits. Whereas among F4 populations, cross combinations CA5 × DH8, CA2 × DH7, CA2 × DH8, CA5 × DH7, CA4 × DH7 and CA4 × DH8 performed better. Plant height and main race...
Imtiaz Hussain, M. Sajid, Noor ul Amin, Abdul Mateen Khattak, Abrar Hussain Shah, S. Mussarat Hussain, Sayed Hussain and Nagina Zeb
...rnamental Horticulture Nursery, Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, during January to September, 2011. Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plots arrangement was used for the experiment. The experiment was replicated four times. The Silvery softwood cuttings were planted in two different growing conditions i.e. under plastic t...
Qaizar Ahmed1, Fida Mohammad2, Hidayat-ur-Rahman2, Sheraz Ahmed2* and Fakharuddin2
...ties/lines, ‘NC606’, ‘K399’, ‘Spt G 126’, ‘Spt G 28’, ‘KHG21’, ‘KHG22’ and ‘KHG24’ with contrasting traits were crossed in all possible combinations to generate 7 x...
Nadeem Khan1*, Arshad Ali Khan1, Mukhtar Ahmad2, Muhammad Nouman2 and Badshah Islam1
...leven treatments (cultivars) replicated three times during 2015. The results showed that Tarocco attained maximum height (156.13 cm), followed by Mexican Lemon (146.80 cm). Similarly, maximum plant spread and leaf area were recorded in Mexican Lemon 124.07 cm and 11.35 cm2, respectively. However, Hamlin showed the highest stem girth (9.90 cm) and number of branches (66.53). The internode length was the greatest in Kinnow cultivar (2.66 cm). In case ...
Ashley C. Banyard1* and Satya Parida2
...or decades little is understood regarding factors that influence the outcome of infection with both viral and host genetics being thought to influence the outcome of disease. Following the successful global eradication of rinderpest virus, peste des petits ruminants virus has also been targeted for global eradication by the OIE. Whilst the tools are available to attempt eradication there are a number of facto
Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan*, Gurrappa Naidu Govindaraj and Habibur Rahman
...f outbreaks in recent years as well as changes in the disease severity patterns and distribution might be due to the effectiveness of vaccine, timely vaccination, circulation of a single lineage virus and most importantly effective planning and implementation of the vaccination programme. Sharing the experiences on the PPR control strategies adopted by some of the states in India may motivate other Indian states or other countries of similar socio-economic and...
Moustafa Kardjadj1, Pam Dachung Luka2
...nt of the small ruminant’s production within an infected area. The virus is endemic across much of the developing world and has spread into the developed European borders. The small ruminants industry within an infected state or region is often disproportionately affected with its attending impact on poverty in what are already the poorest areas of the globe. PPR is considered to be a transboundary disease of great sig...
Gurrappa Naidu Govindaraj, Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan*, Habibur Rahman
...ausing huge loss to farmers. In this study, an attempt has been made to estimate the economic losses based on the annual incidence, morbidity, mortality levels etc. derived from literature, discussion with experts, and based upon scientific facts. Different mathematical models were used to assess the losses due to mortality in young and adult sheep/goats, body weight loss in young and adult sheep/goats, milk loss, loss due to increased inter-lambing/kidding pe...
Amitha Reena Gomes1, Belamaranahally Muniveerappa Veeregowda2, Sonnahallipura Munivenkatappa Byregowda1, Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan3*
...itopes and peptides, reverse genetics, anti idiotypic antibody based vaccines and helper cell dependent diagnostics represent the present vaccine/diagnostic development strategies for the effective control and eradication of PPR. This review comprehend the current scenario of recombinant technology based vaccines and diagnostics, virus like particles (VLPs), reverse genetics approach etc., in the development of diagnostics a...
Neil Levy
...> | Many researchers believe that the singularity – roughly, explosive growth in machine intelligence, resulting in the appearance of AIs that are vastly superior to us cognitively – will or might occur in the relatively near future. Understandably, many are worried by this prospect. In this paper, I argue that we have less to fear from the singularity than many people think. Depending on how we define &ls...
Neil Levy
...> | Many researchers believe that the singularity – roughly, explosive growth in machine intelligence, resulting in the appearance of AIs that are vastly superior to us cognitively – will or might occur in the relatively near future. Understandably, many are worried by this prospect. In this paper, I argue that we have less to fear from the singularity than many people think. Depending on how we define &ls...
Klara Fischer1*, Erika Chenais1,2, Emeli Torsson1, Jonas Johansson Wensman1
Keyvan Sharifmoradi1*, Nader Farahpour2
... patients with Parkinson’s disease (PD) and to compare with healthy age group. A total of 14 patients with PD and 16 normal elderly subjects with matched age and gender were included in the study. A motion analysis system (Vicon Motion Analysis System) and two Kistler force plates were used to measure forces applied on the legs. Data were evaluated using independent t-test with significant point set at p< 0.05. There was no difference in...
Ali Tahmasebi1, Parvin Raji1*, Mostafa Kamali2
...dex of 7 ± 1.3 years and 14.70 ± 1.73 kg/m2 respectively and 15 normal children with mean age and body mass index of 7.2 ± 1 years and 14.83 ± 1.57 kg/m2. Children were instructed to stand with bare feet for 60 seconds on a 5-cm-thick piece of foam which was placed on a Kistler force plate with their Eyes Open (EO), Eyes Close (EC) and Mirror Visual Feedback (MVF). Results demonstrate that there w...
Muhammad Abubakar1*, Shumaila Manzoor2, Jonas Johansson Wensman3, Emeli Torsson3, Qurban Ali1 and Muhammad Munir4
...hogenesis. Moreover, understanding the nature of such circulating field viruses is essential to underpin the endemic potential of PPRV and its possible spread to the susceptible wild or domestic small ruminants....
Muhammad Jurial Baloch1*, Ghulam Murtaza Channa2, Wajid Ali Jatoi2, Abdul Wahid Baloch1, Imdad Hussain Rind1, Muhammad Ahmed Arain1 and Ayaz Ali Keerio1
... of five parental cultivars alongwith their 10 F1 hybrids of wheat were sown in a randomized complete block design with four replications during 2010 at Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan. Genetic analysis of yield traits from half diallel crosses was carried-out. Mean squares due to GCA and SCA were significant for days to 75% maturity, tillers plant-1,...
Muhammad Siddiq1* and Hamid Ullah Shah2
...ab Peshawar and The University of Agriculture Peshawar KP-Pakistan during 2015. Olive: palm oils treated in sole or admixture at various ratios were kept at different stress conditions for three months. Data was recorded on peroxide value (PV), free fatty acid (FFA), anisidine value (AV), iodine value (IV), color index (CI) and beta carotene (BC) value of the oils. The results showed considerable variations in all the studied parameter...
Ishfaq Ahmed, Ihsan Mabood Qazi and Suraiya Jamal
Murad Ali Khan and Mohammad Akmal
... Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan during spring 2011 and repeated in spring 2012. The planting geometries were (a) 70 x 20 cm with rows spaced at 70 cm and plants spaced within the rows at 20 cm and (b) 90 x 15.5 cm with rows spaced at 90 cm and plants spaced within rows at 15.5 cm. It is important to mention here that 70 cm is the recommended row spacing used for sunflower crop in the region. Experiments were conducted in random...
Zar Muhammad and Mohammad Tariq Jan
...icultural system. Two years field trials were carried out during 2011-12 at New Developmental Farm of the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. Thirteen compost treatments including control as main plot treatment and two fert-N levels (0 and 75 kg N ha-1) as subplot treatments were used. Compost materials i.e. farmyard manure (FYM), cereal residue (CR) and legume residue (LR) were composted as sole or in various com...
Muhammad Ishaq and Raziuddin
...GCA, best general combiners were AUP-7 for earlier flowering and maturity, AUP-2 for plant height, AUP-14 for primary branches plant-1 and AUP-9 for main raceme length. Based on SCA effects, best F1 hybrids were AUP-7 × AUP-14 (days to flowering), AUP-8 × AUP-9 (days to maturity), AUP-17 × AUP-18 (plant height), AUP-14 × AUP-20 (primary branches plant-1) and AUP-14 × AUP-20 (main raceme length) and could be utilize in future rapes...
Mohammad Fayaz, Abbas-ullah Jan, Dawood Jan, Ghaffar Ali and Yousaf Hayat
...s study used log-log-inverse specification of Engel curve for cereals’ quantity and quality response to households’ income in Pakistan. The elasticities of interest (quantity, expenditure and quality) were inelastic with reasonable difference in magnitude across urban and rural households. Overall, the quality elasticity turned out to be positive with an estimated value of 0.00...
Shahab e Saqib, Mokbul Morshed Ahmad, Sanaullah Panezai, Hidayatullah, Khalid Khan Khattak
...fy;"> Ensuring farmers’ access to agricultural credit market has been prioritized in agriculture finance policies of Pakistan. The main objectives of this study are to explore farmers’ access to different formal and informal credit sources, and to investigate their credit adequacy and the role of important socio-economic facto
Aqila Shaheen
...ht soil series (Missa, Pirsabak, Guliana, Rajar, Balkassar, Rawalpindi, Chakwal and Satwal) in tehsil Gujar Khan of Rawalpindi district. Amongst the soil characteristics of selected fields, pH ranged from 7.36-7.94 for surface soil (0-15 cm) and 7.49-7.94 for subsoil (30-45 cm), EC1:1 was 0.22-0.38 dSm-1 in surface soil and 0.21-0.28 dSm-1 in subsoil, CaCO3 was 1.0-9.22% in top soil and 0.28-9.67% in the subsoil and soil organic matter (OM) ...
Farmanullah Khan, Samad Khan, Wiqar Ahmad and Imran Khan
Inamullah Khan, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi, Rajwali Khan, Syed Muhammad Sohail, Ijaz Ahmad, Muhammad Shoaib and Asim Ijaz
...is is an emerging animal’s as well as human health issue and holds an important position under the Biorisk Management framework and One Health perspective. A total of 410 and 202 blood samples were collected from cattle and humans respectively. Total 40 samples of subsistence farms and 30 nomadic herds were analysed. Forty eight farm workers, 40 farm owner 36 abattoi
Gul Naz and Mohammad Akmal
... Research Farm, the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan. Treatments were laid-out in a randomized complete block design; split plot arrangements using four replications. The experiments were comprising of seven N-rates i.e. 0, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 kg ha-1 as main plots treatment and the five wheat varieties i.e. Saleem-2000, Uqab, Pirsabak-2005, Tatara-96 and Pirsabak-200...
Arif Khan, Abdur Rahman, Shoail Akhtar, Siraj Uddin, Zahid Ullah and Nazir Ahmad
...mples from Longissimus dorsi muscle were collected from three age groups (i.e. group 1= 12-18 monts, 2 =18.1-36.0 months and 3= > 36 months) of Kundi and Nili Ravi breeds of buffalo. Samples were obtained from freshly preselected slaughtered buffaloes at local municipal abattoir Peshawar. The effect of breed and animal age on marbling, water holding capacity (WHC) and tenderness and sarcomere lenth of the two buffalo breed beef samples were investigated. A ...
Christopher U Orji1*, Ignatius O Onyeocha2, Steven S Shaida3, Peter M Dede4, Bitrus Yakubu5, Elijah E Ella6 and Pam D Luka5
...knowledge of genetic diversity between species’ population. Two species were studied: Glossina palpalis palpalis and Glossina morsitans submorsitans using two mitochondrial DNA fragment primers- Cytochrome oxidase subunit II (COII) and Cytochrome b (CytB). Twelve samples of laboratory-reared populat...
Mukhtiar Ahmed, Jana Pickova, Taufiq Ahmad, Muhammad Liaquat, Abid Farid, Muhammad Jahangir
... in foods. Oxidation occurs by several molecular mechanisms such as generation of reactive oxygen precursors and free radicals. Oxidation affects many interactions among food constituents, leading to both desirable and undesirable products. Food lipids are the foods components that are most susceptible to oxidation, therefore oxidation reactions are one of the major sources of deterioratio...
Abdul Qahar and Bashir Ahmad
... Research Farm, the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan during 2013 and 2014, respectively. Nitrogen (0, 250, 300, 350 kg ha-1) and Sulfur (0, 20, 40, 60 kg ha-1) in main plots, whereas maize hybrids (R-3305, R-2210, R-2207) in subplots, were replicated thrice in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement. Maximum biological yield, grain yield and harvest index were recorded with 350 kg N ha-1. Among studied maize hybrids, R-2210 ach...
Neha Singh and Anjana Pandey
...eic acids known as aptamers. Aptamers are known for their high selectivity and specificity and their ability to form 3D conformations. CELL SELEX is a modification of SELEX where instead of using purified ligand molecules, whole live cells are used as targets, so the aptamers being generated could bind target molecules on live cells in their native conformation and it is possible to know t...
Jannatul Noor, Md. Ahaduzzaman, Mir Md. Afzal Hossain, Mohammad Alamgir Hossain, Sardar Abdur Rahim and Md. Samun Sarker
...evalence of tick in goat’s population of three different areas (Kaptai, Kattoli and Chittagong Veterinary and Animal Sciences University) of Chittagong, Bangladesh. A total of 60 goats were examined for tick infestation in three places using random positive sampling technique. Among the breed, Black Bengal goats were highly affected (53.33%) followed by Jamuna pari (33.33%) and cross breed (13.33%) (P=0.00). Black coat...
John G. Bruno and Jeffery C. Sivils
...analyses using DNA aptamers raised against the surfaces of general nonpathogenic Escherichia coli (ATCC No. 8739) as well as alpha and gamma intimins and Shiga-like toxin 2 (SLT-2) B subunit verified that the aptamers bound proteins of the correct molecular weights for intact outer membrane proteins (OMPs), intimins and SLT-2. Some bands on the aptamer Western blots were shared between the “Big 6” non-O157 Shiga ...
Koksal Karadas1, Muhammad Tariq2, Mohammad Masood Tariq3* and Ecevit Eyduran4
...o determine several factors affecting lactation milk yield amounts of indigenous Akkaraman ewes reared in Sanliurfa (137 farms) and Hakkari (113 farms) provinces of Turkey. For the determination process, the statistical predictive accuracy of GLM (General Linear Model), CART (Classification and Regression Tree), CHAID (Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detector), Exhaustive CHAID, and a ANN type MLP (Multilayer Perceptron) in the prediction of lactation milk yi...
Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro, Qamaruddin Jogi, Mahmooda Buriro, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro, Ghulam Mustafa Laghari and Ali Nawaz Khaskheli
..., Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Pakistan. The experiment was laid out in three replicated completely randomized design. The treatments consisted of control (untreated), eucalyptus water extract at 10, 20 and 30 ml kg-1 soil, eucalyptus powder at 10, 20 and 30 g kg-1 soil, eucalyptus powder at 10 g kg-1 soil+water extract at 10 ml kg-1 soil, eucalyptus powder at 20 g kg-1 soil+water extract at 20 ml kg-1 soil and eucalyptus powder at 30 g kg-1 soil+wa...
Ian von Hegner
...th the concept of dictatorship, and is defined as a type of government in which power flows from the citizens to the leaders of government, who are selected through free elections. This article argues, that if the concept of democracy is generalized to be universally applicable, then the concept of hypothetical gods’ right to rule results in dictat...
Rashid Mahmood1*, Saima Asad2, Waqar Ahmad1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhamamd Khalid Rafique1, Noor Islam1, Ziyad Abdul Qadir1 and Zain Ul Abiden2
...te Varroa destructor Anderson and Trueman (Acari:Varroidae) populations in honeybee Apis mellifera linguistica (Hymenoptera: Apidae) colonies in the winter, spring and summer season (2013-14). Four honeybee colonies were exposed to oxalic acid (3.2%), thymol (0.5 g) and formic acid (65%) on screen bottom boards in winter, spring and summer seasons. The fourth group had screen bottom board trays but without any chemical. There was a trend of fallen mean number ...
Yingbin Wang*, Ting Ye, Xiaogang Wang and Congyu Zhou
..., and 6 main impact factors, which include the number of main catch vessel (NMV), power of main catch vessel (PMV), number of trawl vessel (NTV), power of trawl vessel (PTV), release number of larval crab (RELE), and sea surface temperature (SST). The results showed that the interpretation ratio (IR) of the 6 factors reached 83.76%, within which the IR of the RELE is the largest (26.02%). The IRs of NMV and PTV also exceed 2...
Amtul Jamil Sami1*, Madeeha Khalid1, Sara Iqbal1, Maira Afzal1 and A.R. Shakoori2
...ared using natural polymers chitosan and starch in molds. Structure of composites was analyzed using scanning electron microscopy. The physical parameters such as weight and swelling degree of composite were studied. Chitosan starch based composites were used in treatment of waste water to remove a toxic anionic dye Congo red. Congo red solution (0.015 mM) was treated with polymer composite at neutral pH overnight with 150 r...
Sayeda Sarah and Muhammad Ibrar
... a net house at the University of Peshawar, Pakistan. The main purpose of this research was to find out the effects of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal (AMF) inoculation (with and without Mycorrhiza) along with application of various levels (0%, 25%, 50% and 100%) of rock phosphate (RP) fertilizer on spores density and percent root colonization of selected sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrids in P-deficient soil. It was observed that spore density and AMF roo...
Hina Fatima, Muhammad Azeem Khan, Mahreen Zaid-Ullah, Abdul-Jabbar, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai
...kistan. Those farmers were selected as the respondents for the study that used to cultivate Non-BT cotton and BT cotton varieties. In Pakistan, the NonBT cotton varieties have been promptly substituted with the BT-cotton varieties. This substitution of imported BT-cotton seed is taking into account without considering the local environmental conditions of Pakistan. Thus the main objective of the research was on the com...
Allah Wadhayo Gandahi, Khalilluah Panhwar, Rabail Gandahi, Muhammad Saleem Sarki and Mahmooda Buriro
...on growth, yield characters and leaf reddening in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Cotton variety Haridost was studied under 4 NPK treatments (000 NPK kg ha-1, 120-0-0 kg N ha-1, 120-70-0 kg N ha-1, 120-70-40 kg NPK ha-1 and 5 secondary and micronutrient (Control, 50, 3, 4 and 1.5 kg ha-1 Mg, Fe, Zn and B, respectively) treatments. NPK @ 120-70-40 kg ha-1 resulted maximum plant height, number of green leaves plant-1, number o...
Muhammad Khurshid, Muhammad Nafees, Inam-ur-Rahim and Wajid Rashid
...mer. Since the late 1980’s, these pastures have been used for off season vegetables cultivation which leads to change the traditional mobile pastoral system. This study was carried out in Naran valley in 2015, to understand the agriculture land use changes during the past three decades and its impacts on traditional mobile pastoral system. For this purpose, participatory discussions, Global Positioning System (GPS) and...
Hassan Tarik Atmaca
... made to advance our understandings on different aspects of molecular biology of the virus and to consolidate national and international strengths to eradicate the disease from the planet. This Editorial highlights recent research articles and reviews that have provided up-to-date and current research trends in the field to further facilitate disease eradication campaigns. ...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Rysanek
...er, plant growth parameters were also improved due to antagonistic relationship of fungi and nematodes in soil....
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Rysanek
...reductions in final numbers of cysts per 250 g of soil, eggs and juveniles per cyst. Nematicides effects were not quite significant among each other but had tremendous effects in reducing nematode population compared to that of untreated control. A significant (P=0.05) reduction in numbers of eggs per cyst warrants that nematicides were able to penetrate into cysts. Reproduction rate (Pf/Pi) of L. muscarium treated plants wa...
Felwa A. Thagfan1, Mohamed A. Dkhil1,2* and Saleh Al-Quraishy1
...justify;">Salvadora persica is one of the commonly used plants in Islamic countries.The root extracts of S. persica has been tested for its anticoccidial activity against Eimeria paillata induced infection in mice jejunum. Three different doses, 300, 600 and 900 mg/kg were used after infection of mice with sporulated oocysts. A dose of 300 mg/kg reduced the number of oocyst output in mice faeces by about...
Wan-Long Zhu* and Gao Wenrong
...portant roles in animals’ physiological adjustments. In order to determine the contributions of temperature and photoperiod to seasonal changes in body mass and thermogenesis in Apodemus chevrieri, we examined seasonal-acclimatized and lab-acclimated animals on several physiological, hormonal, and biochemical markers indicative of thermogenic capacity. The results showed that A. chevrieri adapt to wi...
Sungil Kim1, Muhammad Riaz2, Amjad Farooq3 and Sungkwon Park4*
...fects of dietary distillers dried grains with solubles (DDGS) on growth performance, meat quality and fatty acid composition of pork belly. A total of 50 gilts and 50 barrows (initial BW 26±6.3 kg) were randomly allotted to 2 diets including a corn-based control diet and control plus 9% DDGS. After 105 d administration of experimental diets, growth performance, pork quality traits, and fatty acid composition in loin were analyzed. No significant differe...
Paul I. Ankeli, Mashood A. Raji, Haruna M. Kazeem, Moses O. Odugbo, Nendir J. Umaru, Idowu O. Fagbamila, Livinus T. Ikpa, Obinna O. Nwankiti, Issa A. Muraina, Pam D. Luka and Nicholas D. Nwankpa
...ce ‘film and spots’ and neither hydrolysed arginine nor urea and were preliminarily identified as members of the Mycoplasma mycoides sub-cluster which comprises Mmm and Mycoplasma mycoides subspecies capri (Mmc). Three (3) of the 8 Mycoplasma isolates were identified as Mmm using the IS1296F/R(all) and MM450/MM451 primer sets. The 574 bp product obtained by MM450/MM451 primer set gave two fragments (379, 178 bp) ...
Muhammad Aslam
...ed that current Pakistan’s average yield of wheat, cotton, rice, maize and sugarcane is 70, 53, 61, 82 and 60%, respectively lower than the average yields obtained internationally. Major constraints include agronomic, irrigation management, environmental, technological, institutional and socio-economic constraints. Future prospects include upscaling of modern technology, enhanced seed production, improved inputs availability and use, improved irrigation,...
Mazhir Nadeem Ishaq, Li Cui Xia, Rukhsana Rasheed, Zeeshan Ahmad, Muhammad Abdullah
...ble returns to smallholders in dairy sector. The hypothesis that milk marketing cooperatives are beneficial for milk producers was tested by surveying the cooperatives’ members. Econometric techniques to draw inferences include the application of t-test, binary Logistic model and Propensity Score Matching (PSM) with algorithm of near neighbor (NN) ...
Muhammad Mushtaq, Umer Sadique, Naila Chand, Iftikhar Ahmed, Said Sajjad Ali Shah, Ijaz Ahmad, Imran Ullah and Muqadar Shah
...ipedemia is the term refers to high lipids contents in the blood. These lipids content can cause the atherosclerosis by blocking the arteries canal which increase the risk factors associated with heart attack. Atherosclerosis is also associated with development of diabetes, high blood pressure and kidney failure. Hypercholesterolemia is mainly caused by high fat diet, obesity and diabetes.Hypolipidemic and hypoglycemic effec...
Safdar A. Wahocho, Tanveer F. Miano, Noor U.N. Memon and Niaz A. Wahocho
..., Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam in a three replicated RCBD design. The zinnia plants were grown under four photoperiodic treatments which included T1=Natural photoperiod (Control), T2=4 hours daylight (8 am -12 noon), T3=6 hours daylight (8 am – 2 pm) and T4=8 hours daylight (8 am – 4 pm). The results revealed significant (P<0.05)...
Tarun Kumar Sharma, John G. Bruno and William C. Cho
...specificity in recent years aptamers, have emerged as competitive tools with the potential to replace antibodies in many diagnostic formats. The aptamer industry is continuously growing to create space in research and diagnostics markets. However, translation of aptamer in several applied disciplines is still lagging behind as compared to antibodies. In this article, we discuss the translational aspects of aptame
Zuhao Huang1, Feiyun Tu2 and Dianhua Ke1*
... CR and CCR, which was first reported in the order Coraciiformes. The overall A+T content for the mitogenome is 52%, and the GC and AT skews are -0.400 and 0.108. Unlike to many other birds, no extra base is inserted at certain position relative to ND3. Interestingly, a 484bp repeated sequence appears in both CR and CCR. Genetic distance shows that the differences between M. v. viridis and M. v. americanus is h...
Laila M. Fadda1, Nouf M. Al-Rasheed1, Iman H. Hasan1, Hanaa M. Ali2,3*, Nawal M. Al-Rasheed1,4, Musaed Al-Fayez5, Aly M. Ahmed5, Nada Almutlaq1, Nehal Qasem1 and Reem Khalaf1
...hese biochemical parameters were confirmed by histopathological examination using hemotoxylin and eosin (H&E) and Mason trichrome stains (MTC). Immunohistochemical investigations for the expression of the proapoptotic protein (Bax) and the expression of macrosialin cluster of differentiation (CD68). APAP elevated of most of the previously measured parameters and decreased GSH, SOD, and total protein levels. Liver section...
Haidar Ali, Malik Muhammad Shafi and Himayatullah Khan
...nt among small farm holders of different tenurial status in Peshawar Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A sample of 201 farm households (Owners, Owner-cum-tenants and tenants) was selected using random sampling technique and data were collected through a pre-tested interview schedule. This study is focused on two selected districts of Peshawar and Charsadda. Four villages were studied two each ...
Mehreen Zaidullah and Hina Fatima
...onomic Survey for the years1985-86, 1993-94, 2001-02 and 2007-08. Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) is employed to estimate the budget shares and test for these shifts. The results confirm for the significance of the quadratic variables in the model except for the Oils’ group. The presence of these shifts have been proved in Pakistan and hence there are other factors as w...
Shagufta Jabeen1, Muhammad Saqlain Raja1, Sadia Saeed1, Muhammad Mobeen Zafar1, Rizwana Abdul Ghani1, Abid Mahmood1, Muhammad Fiaz2, Pakeeza Arzoo Shiaq1, Shahid Mahmood Baig3, S.M. Saqlan Naqvi1 and Ghazala Kaukab Raja1*
...io-demographic risk factors contributing to increasing susceptibility to heroin addiction in Pakistani populations. In this epidemiological study subjects were interviewed through a comprehensive questionnaire consisting of open and closed-ended questions. Data regarding key factors such as age and ethnicity, communal domain, education level, employment status and demographic factors (drug...
Abida Saleem, Sajida Parveen and Muhammad Jamal Khan
...lt; 20 mg Zn L-1 the reverse was observed. The data in non-treated soils were fit to both Langmuir and Freundlich but in treated soils they were fit only when adsorption values for initial IZnA were disregarded. The adsorption, as indicated by b and K values was higher for BC followed by FYM but MCB and 1/n value that reflects the buffering capacity was higher for FYM than BC or PM. The lower adsorption of Zn at lower IZnA below 20 mg Zn L-1 and higher for hig...
Iqra Mahmood1, Asif Nadeem1*, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali1, Maryam Javed1, Aisha Siddiqa1, Tanveer Hussain2 and Muhammad Tariq Pervez2
...losses to dairy farm owners. In order to develop new strategies to prevent mastitis, a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the host immune response to the infectious agents is necessary. Identification of the genes, and their variants, involved in innate immune responses is essential for the understanding of this inflammatory disease and to identify potential gene...
Determination of Early Colonizer Urban Blowfly Species Using Small Bait Traps on a University Campus
Halide Nihal Açikgöz1*, Serdal Kenan Köse2 and Ali Açikgöz3
...mportance on Ankara University Medical Faculty Cebeci Campus in Ankara. Eight small liver bait traps were used for catching flies. Chicken liver was used in the study to attract blowflies. Eggs and larvae of the flies that oviposited on the liver were raised and identified. Six different indices were used to determine diversity (Shannon-Wiener [H’], Simpson Dominance [Sd], Simpson Di...
Metin Duru1*, Asuman Arslan Duru1, Köksal Karadaş2, Ecevit Eyduran3, Harun Cinli4 and Mohammad Masood Tariq5
...NOVA, to estimate the Pearson correlation between pairs of egg external and internal characteristics and to predict each of egg internal characteristics from egg external characteristics, treatment and week through CHAID analysis. A total number of eighty, 56 weeks old Hy-Line White laying hens (commercial type) of nearly similar initial body weight (1360.6±14.25 g) were assigned into 5 experimental groups (control gr...
Ai Ming Zhou1,2, Guang Wen Liang2, Ling Zeng2, Yong Yue Lu2 and Yi Juan Xu2*
... and the ground. Ant diversity in fire ant-infested plots was significantly reduced compared with in fire ant-free plots. Compared with in the no-ant plots, the colony growth rate of mealybug significantly increased, and the parasitism of mealybug was obviously decreased, both in fire ant-infested plots and in fire ant-free plots. Colony growth rate of mealybug in fire ant-infested plots was greater than fire ant-free plots. These results suggest that S. invic...
Haji Muhammad, Zafar Iqbal* and Saira Saleemi
...es to ascertain fish diversity and their distribution pattern. A total 2249 fish specimen were collected using a variety of fish nets and identifications of these fishes were made by using standard taxanomic keys on the basis of morphometric characters. Seventy species belonging to 43 genera and 17 families were recorded from the study area of Indus River. Thirty two species were commercially important. Alpha Dive
Sadiq Hussain, Muhammad Sharif, Sarmad Khan, Fazli Wahid, Hina Nihar, Wiqar Ahmad, Imran Khan, Nadeem Haider and Tabassum Yaseen
... fresh growing crop of berseem at the University research farm and used as inoculums in this experiment. Results showed the maximum grain yield of 15.09 and 14.7 g pot-1, highest total dry matter yield of 36.3 g and 36 g pot-1, maximum roots dry weight of 5.6 and 5.41g pot-1, hundred grains weight of 4.64 g and 4.6 g were observed for the mycorrhiza inoculation with half and full dose of vermicompost treatments, respectively...
Irfan Ullah and Abbas Ullah Jan
...ousehold in order to understand the demand for different food commodities and to determine the effects of important economic factors such as prices and income. Flexible Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System model is used to estimate food demand patterns using the Household Integrated Economic Survey of Pakistan for the year 2011-12. Food products are categorized into fourteen groups including milk, meat, fruits, vege...
Zaheer Ahmad Qureshi and Khuram Nawaz Sadozai
...the overall rural region’s income. However, the upper richest category shares 30.06% to the aforementioned income. The deciles measured through expenditure approach revealed that the lower poorest category and upper richest category contributes 3.13 and 25.59, respectively. The study concludes that the contribution of poorest category is pretty less in overall income and expenditure of KP Province. This study recommends that the Government of KP province...
Robina Karim and Dawood Jan
...h states “Pakistan’s foreign trade is expected to be largely better off once WTO’s regime is fully implemented in Pakistan and rest of the world”. The statistical results show that, the coefficient of variation of Pakistan exports trade estimates at 0.1657 during 1985-90 and 0.0936 during 1990-95 pre-WTO periods, which with the exception of sub-period 2000-05 decreased throughout post-WTO period, whic...
Muhammad Zahid1, Muhammad Hamid Bashir1*, Bilal Saeed Khan1 and Muhammad Shahid2
...or yield decreasing factors in our agro-ecosystem. Among many pest management approaches, biological control is considered as the main strategy to address these issues including sucking pests. Different biocontrol agents are being used for the management of these sucking insect pests. Neoseiulus barkeri (Acari: Phytoseiidae) has been proved as an efficient acarine predator of sucking insect pests of different crops. This predator has also been reported from di...
Atul Sharma, Aruna Chandra Singh, Gautam Bacher, Sunil Bhand
...on prime interest. Aptamers are synthetic short sequences of single stranded (ss) oligonucleotides (ss-RNA or DNA), which are developed by an in-vitro selection process known as “Systematic Evolution of Ligands by Exponential Enrichment (SELEX)” technique. Among the receptors available for biosensing, aptamer exhibit the advantages of high specificity, selectivity, stability, facile labelling and modification, wh...
Asma-ul-Husna1, Muhammad Sajjad Ansari2, Bushra Allah Rakha3, Rabea Ejaz1, Nemat Ullah1 and Shamim Akhter1*
...ver liquid nitrogen vapours for 10 min and plunged in liquid nitrogen for storage. Thawing was performed after 24 h of storage, at 37°C for 30 seconds and post-thaw sperm quality parameters were assessed. Sperm progressive motility, plasma membrane integrity, acrosomal integrity, viability and chromatin integrity was higher (P<0.05) in extender containing melatonin 0.1 mM and 0.5 mM compared to control. In conclusion,...
Muhammad Imran*, Munir Ahmad, Muhammad Naeem, Muhammad Farooq Nasir, Imran Bodlah, Muhammad Nasir and Umer Ayyaz Aslam Sheikh
...y;">Life history parameters of bumblebee Bombus terrestris (L.) (Hymenoptera: Apidae) were investigated by using rearing boxes of wood, cardboard and polycarbonate materials on three developmental stages i.e., colony initiation, development and maturation stages under controlled laboratory conditions. Queen oviposition rate was 1.4-fold higher in polycarbonate box compared to wooden and cardboard materials. Early start of egg-laying (fi
Ayanda Opeyemi Isaac,1,* Oniye Sonnie Joshua2 and Auta Jehu2
... impact on these parameters. These behavioural and morphological anomalies became more pronounced with increasing concentrations of the herbicides. Mortality was also observed to be concentration dependent. After 96 h of exposure, the 96hr LC50 for paraquat was found to be 0.07mg/L while that of glyphosate was found to be 0.530mg/L. The result revealed that glyphosate and paraquat have the ability to induce unusual behaviours
Ambreena Hafiz1, Tanzeela Riaz2 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
...ticide since thirteen years. From analysis of metabolic profile, it was found that soluble proteins, glucose contents and free amino acids increased, whereas glycogen and lipid contents were reduced in all deltamethrin-resistant populations as compared to deltamethrin-susceptible population. Soluble Proteins were significantly elevated (79, 100 and 37%) in 4th and 6th instar larvae and adult beetles of Gujranwala, (14, 24 and 14%) in Okara and (14, 13 and 2%) ...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...st efficient after 72 hours. The greatest numbers of cysts and eggs were found to be colonized with L. muscarium during microscopic observations. In the greenhouse experiment, L. muscarium had significant effects in reducing the nematode population in soil compared to the other treatments. In regard to the growth parameters, root and shoot growth (cm) were enhanced after the application of...
Syeda Farzana Bibi*, Lal Badshah and Siraj-ud-Din
...M-1) from Peshawar to Charsadda Interchange. A total of 30 different species ,which belong to 29 genera and 16 families, were recorded from the area.Poaceae was the most dominating family including 7 genera. Ecological characteristics like life form spectra indicated that Therophytes (53.33%) were the most dominating life form. Leaf size spectra showed that the most abundant leaf size was Microphyll (50%). This study not only gives information about the flora ...
Muhammad Basit1, Shafqat Saeed2, Mushtaq Ahmad Saleem3, Rana Zulfiqar4
...t pests and their predators in sunflower ecosystem. The data revealed that B. tabaci and Empoasca spp were present throughout the cropping season. Their average maximum populations (5.65 and 3.20 individuals / leaf) were recorded during 3-week of May 2009. Aphis gossypii was recorded during the month of March and its maximum population (28.3 individuals / leaf) was observed during 2-week of March 2009. Likewise, Nysius inconspicuous was observed during seeds d...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...ted to fungal Pi and inversely to nematode Pi. Our results showed that the higher Pi of L. muscarium was associated with the lower Pf of M. incognita. Foliage growth increased with increased fungus inoculum....
Misbah Riaz1, Qaiser Mansoor2, Maleeha Akram1, Muhammad Ismail2, Parveen Akhtar3, Shakeel Mirza4, Mazhar Qayyum1, Afzaal Ahmed Naseem1, Faheem Tahir5 and Syed Shakeel Raza Rizvi1*
... at puberty. Amongst others, mutations in GPR54 and GnRH receptor (GNRHR) are possible causes of HH. This study aimed at identification of mutations in GPR54 and GNRHR genes and their correlation with HH in Pakistani boys. Thirty one boys with delayed puberty and thirty one normal age matched controls were examined. Genomic DNA was extracted and amplified by PCR using specific primers for GPR54 and GNRHR splice site exons. M...
Afzaal Ahmad Naseem1*, Maleeha Akram1, Sarwat Jahan2, Kiran Afshan2, Zubaria Iqbal1, Faheem Tahir3, Mazhar Qayyum1 and Syed Shakeel Raza Rizvi1
...althy boys of 1 to 20 years (n=27 boys/age group). The concentrations of GH and T were measured using specific ELISA systems and LGV was calculated for each age/stage group. Pearson correlation r and ANOVA were employed. GH and LGV exhibited age related positive correlations from 1 to 20 years and developmental stage dependent positive correlations during infancy, pre-puberty, early, mid a...
Ali Murad Rahoo1,2, Tariq Mukhtar3,*, Simon R. Gowen1, Rehana Kanwal Rahoo4 and Shaukat Ibrahim Abro5
...lication of EPN in cadavers may be appropriate in Pakistan because of the non-availability of industrially produced isolates....
Adedeji A.J, Sati N.M, Pewan S.B, Ogbu K.I, Adole J.A, Lazarus D.D, Ijiwo S.J, Okpanachi A, Nwagbo I.O, Joannis, T.M and Abdu P.A
...a (CIA) and infectious bursal disease (IBD) and co-infection of CIA and IBD. Infectious bursal disease was tentatively diagnosed in 5,000, 5 weeks old Hy-Line and ISA Brown pullets in a commercial poultry farm in Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria with mortality of up to 79.12%. The clinical signs observed were prostration, ruffled feathers, diarrhea, anorexia, trembling and mortality that lasted...
John Gachohi, Simon Karanja, Salome Wanyoike, Nduhiu Gitahi, Salome Bukachi, Kenneth Ngure
...miological field parameters to describe a slum household-based pathogenic Leptospira population dynamics simulation model. The model will be analyzed to assess the role of slum-based biotic (human and animal) and abiotic (soil, water and weather) habitats in Leptospira propagation. Influential habitats would serve as key targets for interventions. To achieve this aim, we have designed a pseudo-longitudinal survey to be undertaken for two yea
Pan-pan Guo1, Wei Liu2, Yan Li2, Rui-yu Ma2, Wang Zaigui1*, Kai Zhan2*, Jun-ying Li2 and Sheng-nan Liu2
...ances including age at first egg (AFE), laying rate (LR), egg production (EP), egg weight (EW), average egg weight (AEW). Two polymorphisms (G50831C and G62976A) were detected and located in exon 42 and intron 54 in HTT gene, respectively. One of them (g. 50831 G>C) was a missense mutation. Genotype and allele frequency analysis showed that SNP G62976A and SNP G50831C of the HTT gene in chicken had some effects on reproduction traits, and the genotype GG wa...
Ecevit Eyduran1, Daniel Zaborski2*, Abdul Waheed3, Senol Celik4, Koksal Karadas5 and Wilhelm Grzesiak2
...nd two (MLP2) hidden layers in body weight (BW) prediction from selected body measurements in the indigenous Beetal goat of Pakistan. Moreover, the results obtained with the data mining algorithms were compared with multiple linear regression (MR). A total of 205 BW records including one categorical (sex) and six continuous (head girth above eyes, neck length, diagonal body length, belly sprung, shank circumference and rump height) predicto
Ali Raza Awan*, Sehrish Firyal, Muhammad Tayyab, Lala Rukh, M. Zia ul Haq, Shagufta Saeed and Muhammad Wasim
...ild Rose-ringed parakeet’s Cytb gene which tags the peculiarity to the Pakistani wild Rose-ringed parakeet. This is the first report that lays bare the molecular classification of Pakistani wild Rose-ringed Parakeet at sub-specie level using novel Cytb gene polymorphism....
Shakeel Ahmed* and Sarwat Jahan
...tion in both fed and 48-hrs fasting conditions. In conclusion our study suggested that NMS has a role in regulation of adipokines secretion. Its inhibitory effect on leptin and stimulatory effect on resistin shows an important relationship between NMS and adipokines in the regulation of reproductive axis in male rhesus monkeys. Further studies are required to confirm this relationship....
Süleyman Kök1*, Sertaç Atalay1, Hasan Semih Eken2 and Mustafa Savaşçi3
...e (TGC) is one of Turkey’s native cattle breeds. TGC was a popular race to breeding within Thrace and Western Anatolia, but unfortunately they are under the threat of extinction recently. The application of gene specific molecular markers in genotyping and genetic identification is of essential significance for preserving genetic diversity. The aim of this study was to reveal the gen...
Tayiba Latif Gulraiz1, Arshad Javid1*, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Muhammad Shahbaz3, Irfan3 and Sharoon Daud4
...tobacter, Bartonella, Nitrsomonas, Pseudomonas and Salmonella) genera were isolated from guano while five fungal (Alternaria, Aspergillus, Chrysosporium, Exophilaand Scopulariopsis) and four bacterial (Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Listeria and Streptomycete) genera were common in bolus and guano samples. Seasonal variations were recorded in occurrence of various fungal and bacterial genera. From bolus samples, two fungal Aspergillus and Fusarium and one bacteria...
Sania Subhan Qureshi, Mian Saeed Sarwar and Zahir Shah
...ncome through entrepreneurship. A hen with the complaint of swelling on abdominal region, came to Veterinary Teaching Hospital, The University of Agriculture Peshawar. Physical examination was performed and it was diagnosed a case of muscle tumor (myoma). A skin incision was given to expose and to remove tumor mass from the surrounding tissues. Peritoneum, muscle and subcutaneous tissues were sutured with absorbable suture ...
Muhammad Sohail1,*, Muhammad Naeem Khan1, Naureen Aziz Qureshi2 and Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry3
...t (OTM) were the parameters selected to detect DNA damage. Low doses (120 µg L-1) of each metal induced significantly higher levels of DNA strands breaks as compared to medium dose (240 µg L-1) and very low levels of DNA damaged was observed at high dose (360 µg L-1). Cu and Pb showed significantly higher value of % of tail DNA (56.74±1.81, 47.36±1.23) and comet tail length (41.30±0.758, 49.15±1.90), respectively, ...
Jose M. Rojas, Noemi Sevilla and Veronica Martin
...cute disease, which favours the establishment and exacerbates the progression of secondary infections. This review gives an overview of the known immunosuppressive strategies of PPRV, among the Paramyxoviruses, as well as the strategies developed by this virus to evade the immune system, focusing on the newly identified factors involved. In the last years substantial progress has been repo...
Giselle R.R. Ayres* and Brandão P.E
...ut 27kb for AvCoV. The first 5’ two thirds of this genome, correspondent to a wide ORF1 (also called replicase gene), code for non-structural proteins (nsps) that are enrolled in viral transcription, replication and pathogenesis. The last 3’ one-third of the genome codes the four structural and accessory proteins. Nsps act in a complex replication process, made possible by the ...
Abdur Rahim1, Ghulam Abbas1, Muhammad Naeem2, Sara Ferrando3, Lorenzo Gallus3, Noor Khan4, Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman4, Abdul Ghaffar5 and Abdul Mateen6
...1) was found to be the first largest contributor producing 100 metric tons in 24 h. The second largest producers of fish meal in this region were Abdul Baqi, Ghulam Hussain and Kampa Industry (Unit 2) which produced 300 to 500 metric tons per month. Proximate composition of fish meal samples collected from different units showed that protein contents were 50.51% – 61.26% and energy was determined as 4042.0 cal/g &ndash...
Sabri Unal1, ASır Er2, Erol Akkuzu1* and Lubomir Salek3
...conducted between the years 2013-2014 in order to determine the phenology of the predator Coccinella septempunctata Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) and to evaluate its efficacy on Macrosiphum rosae (Linnaeus) (Hemiptera: Aphididae) in Kastamonu, Turkey. Rearing of C. septempunctata was carried out at 21.3±4.00ºC and 78.8±9.44% relative humidity. The first, second, third and fourth larval insta
Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman1, Farzana Abbas1, Muhammad Ashraf1, Naeem Tariq Narejo2, Khalid Javed Iqbal3, Ghulam Abbas4* and Syedah Andleeb5
...given 2nd dose after 24 hrs of intervals with ovaprim (0.2ml), while 1st dose ovaprim (0.7ml)+HCG (1.0ml) and 2nd dose ovaprim (0.7ml) was given to the females. The treatment which was given 35% protein diet received 1st HCG+HMG (0.3+0.3ml) and ovaprim (0.2ml) to males and ovaprim (0.5ml)+fresh PG (1.0 ml), 2nd dose ovaprim (0.7ml) and 30% protein containing feed treatment 1st dose with ovaprim+HMG (0.3+0.3ml) and 2ndovaprim (0.2ml) to males and ovaprim (0.3ml...
Tasnim Farasat*, Saima Sharif, Farkhanda Manzoor, Muneeza Zafar and Shagufta Naz
...with potential risk factors of diabetes on their first visit to a local hospital. Among the newly diagnosed diabetic subjects 33% (n=66) were with retinopathy. Out of which 30% (n=18) were male and 70% (n=48) were female. High density lipoprotein (HDL), both systolic and diastolic blood pressure, cholesterol level and serum insulin were significantly higher (p< 0.05) in proliferative group of diabetic retinopathy, while t...
Dallin D. Oaks and Cynthia L. Hallen
...important role of metaphors in interfaith understanding has received significant attention. The pervasiveness of certain metaphors in the lives of members of a religious community is especially significant when they are incorporated into sacred texts. This would seem to be the case not only for Judaism, Islam, and mainline Christianity, but also for Morm...
Marryam Bakhtawar1, Qamar Saeed1* and Naeem Iqbal2
...ollowed by on grain moth’s eggs (20%), immature mealybugs (6%) and the least survival on honey. These findings can lead to the discovery of new artificial diets for the C. undecimpunctata for the mass release in fields in order to biologically control a number of pests for an eco-friendly pest control system....
Abdul Sattar Baloch1*, Abdul Rasheed1,2, Rahmatullah Rind1, Jam Kashif Sahito1, Rehana Buriro1, Muhammad Faisal Ayoob1 and Parkash Dewani1
...in camels less than 9 years of age (13.33%). Milk samples were collected to detect the antibodies against the disease, however, none of the sample was found to be positive for brucellosis. It was concluded that the brucellosis is prevalent among camels of studied areas....
Hira Akhter1, Bilal Aslam2*, Naveed Shahzad3, Tanzeela Farooq4, Muhammad Umer5 and Muhammad Hidayat Rasool2
...mptomatic commercial layers from Faisalabad district of Punjab, Pakistan. Overall 120 blood samples, 24 tissue samples from each organ (trachea, lung and intestine) were collected from the 12 commercial layer flocks selected randomly at the age of 35-50 weeks without any direct clinical manifestation of avian influenza. Serum collected from 120 birds was tested for antibodies against H9N2 by using Haemagglutination Inhibition assay. Calculated geometric mean t...
Rashid Ahmed Khan* and Muhammed Naveed
Abdul Mannan Babar1* and Abdul Hannan Nagi2
...oids and hypertrophic scars are an exaggeration of fibroplasia in dermal repair. Keloids are found solely in humankind, and not in animals. Thus far no practicable animal model of Keloid has been made. Recently a prototype rabbit ear keloid model has been produced by the authors by giving Transforming Growth Factor Beta 1 injection, and then skin punch excision on rabbit ear. In the present follow-up study consisting of eig...
Atta ur Rehman1, Sher Ali2 and Sajid Malik2*
...ected. Absolute gene diversity, gene differentiation and genetic diversity were estimated to be 0.01, 0.019 and 0.515, respectively. There were the highest affinities between the samples obtained from Lakki Marwat and Tank districts, whereas the least affinities were evident between Karak and South Waziristan Agency populations. Collectively, these results show the presence of sub-populations in lower KPK which may suggest a...
Hussain Ahmad1, Inamullah1, Ijaz Ali2, Tauseef Ahmad3, Muhammad Tufail4, Kabir Ahmad5 and Bibi Nazia Murtaza3,6*
... The age group 31-40 years, was found to be more susceptible for this infection....
Muhammad Raheel1,*, Nazir Javed2, Sajid Aleem Khan2, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif3 and Sohail Ahmed4
...mperatures. Maximum numbers of IJs were recovered from H. bacteriophora. Time taken for first emergence of IJs from the host was shortest at 25oC i.e. 7-8 days in case of S. asiaticum and S. feltiae, while 11-13 days for H. bacteriophora and H. indica. Maximum emergence time was taken by S. feltiae at 10oC....
John G. Bruno
...ngthy 200 base DNA aptamers were developed against extracted lipopolysaccharides (LPS) of E. coli O157 and the so called “Big six” non-O157 Shiga-toxin producing E. coli (STEC) serovars (O26, O45, O103, O111, O121 and O145). These aptamers were assessed by enzyme-linked aptamer sorbent assay (ELASA) to rank their relative affinities and discriminatory ability for distinguishing...
Dein Simon
...m. Additionally both underscore the role of evidentialism. From my analysis of these characteristics I conclude that the movement is fundamentalist...
Zafar Waheed, Khalid Usman, Iftikhar Ali
... Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan in randomized complete block design having three replications during 2013-2014. The treatments comprised of wheat + Rumex dentatus 0 plants m-2 (T1), wheat + Rumex dentatus 05 plants m-2 (T2), wheat + Rumex dentatus 10 plants m-2 (T3), wheat + Rumex dentatus 15 plants m-2 (T4), wheat + Rumex dentatus 20 plants m-2 (T5), wheat + Rumex dentatus 25 plants m-2 (T6), and wheat + Rumex dentatus 30 plants m-2 (T7). The...
Ahmed Samy, Wesam Mady, Naglaa M. Haggag, Samah H. Mohamed, Ebtissam N. AlShamy, M.K. Hassan
... IL-1b and IL-6 at 24 hours post infections (hpi) comparing to RSF/1. However, both strains induced significant up-regulations of interleukin (IL)-8 at 1 and 3hpi and interferon (IFN)-α late 24 and 48hpi. Altogether, our results suggest that the concurrent up-regulation of IFNα, IL-1b and IL-6 with higher viral load could represent an important feature affecting the viral patho...
Muhammad Shafiq and Tahir Maqsood
...ronmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, during 2013-14. Adsorption procedure was done by harmonizing 2.5g soil in 0.01M CaCl2 solution having diverse B doses (0, 0.01, 0.03 , 0.05 , 0.07, 0.09, 0.11, 0.13,0.15 and 0.17 mg B L-1). Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption models were applied to the data to check the sorption of B on sandy clay loam soil. Freundlich model depicted superior fitness of the sorption (...
Oladipo Elijah Kolawole, Oloke Julius Kola and Awoyelu Hilda Elukunbi
... was 39.5±0.48 years and the mean CD4+ was 384.27 ±17.77 cells/µl. Out of 278 subjects tested, 11 (4%) were positive for anti-EBV IgM. Anti-EBV IgM was highest in the age group 41-50 years, 5 (5.81%); females, 8 (4.85%); students (14.21%); and CD4+ 350-500 cells/µl, 4 (36.36%). The multivariate analysis using age and the CD4 count showed highest prevalence (27.27%) among the age ranging from 41 to 5...
Dilawar Hussain* and Abdul Mateen
...ct on the growth parameters tested except in the case of PER. T3 (0.5% 4TX+2 ppm AFB1) showed better PER (31.42±1.74) when compared to T4 (0.5% 4TX+ 4 ppm AFB1) group (27.76±0.67). Interaction between different growth parameters of tilapia fed AFB1 and 4TX supplemented diets showed that net weight gain (NWG) was significantly (p<0.01) correlated with average daily gain (ADG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed...
G.E. Odo1*, E.J. Agwu1, N.I. Ossai2, C.O. Ezea3, J. Madu1 and V. Eneje2
...oxidative stress biomarkers and biochemistry of African catfish (C. gariepinus) juvenile on days 7, 14, 21 and 28. Fish were exposed to 0.175, 0.0875 and 0.035 mg/L corresponding to 1/10, 1/20 and 1/50 of the 96 h LC50 value (1.75) of the pesticide. Behavioral responses which include colouration of the fish skin and opercula colouration were observed. Aluminium phosphide elicited effects on the haematological parameters of t...
KM Fakhrul-Islam, Mohammad Shah Jalal, Sonnet Poddr, Md Nurul Quader, Md Sahidur-Rahman, Avijit Dutta and Shuvo Mazumder
...ording to different factors was evaluated. Both retrospective and prospective FMD clinical cases were included considering clinical signs and drugs used for treatment during 13 January to 15 March 2015. A total of 131 cattle was investigated and 16.8% cattle cattle were recorded as FMD. The proportionate prevalence of FMD in different study areas were 4.5-18.2%. The occurrence of FMD was higher in February (23.3%) than in January (13.5%) and March (18.5%). You...
Sezgi Arman* and Sema Isisag Ucuncu
...cal construction, transverse sections of different parts of intestine were firstly stained with hematoxylin eosin (H-E). Sections of anterior, mid and posterior intestinal segments were also treated with different staining methods of alcian blue (AB) at pH 2.5, aldehyde fuchsin (AF), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), KOH/PAS and PAS/AB (pH 2.5) and investigated. Goblet cells of anterior intestine were colored strongly by AB (pH 2....
Sezgi Arman* and Sema Isisag Ucuncu
...cal construction, transverse sections of different parts of intestine were firstly stained with hematoxylin eosin (H-E). Sections of anterior, mid and posterior intestinal segments were also treated with different staining methods of alcian blue (AB) at pH 2.5, aldehyde fuchsin (AF), periodic acid-Schiff (PAS), KOH/PAS and PAS/AB (pH 2.5) and investigated. Goblet cells of anterior intestine were colored strongly by AB (pH 2....
Noor Us Saher1, Zunaira Amanat2, M. Asif Gondal3 and Naureen Aziz Qureshi4,*
...2007 in Sonmiani Bay waters (Miani Hor lagoon). M. planipes was found abundantly in Sep. 2005, Nov. - Dec. 2005 and Dec. 2006 (93.3%, 94.7%, 92.3% and 87 % respectively). A. lunaris was found in abundance during May 2005 (85.7%) and Aug. 2005 (81.8%). Male specimens of both species (M. planipes: χ2 = 245.4, P < 0.005) and (A. lunaris: χ2 = 99.4, P<0.005) were significantly more than females throughout the study period. There was a significant dif...
Ibrar Khan1,2,3,*, Sadia Qayyum2, Shehzad Ahmed2, Kashif Syed Haleem2, Mujaddad-ur-Rehman1, Guang-Lei Liu3 and Zhen-Ming Chi3
...a is one of the mega diversity centers of the world and contains vast amount of flora and fauna. The Penicillium species belongs to one of the most common and economically significant group of marine micro-fungi family. The study comprised isolation, microscopic observations and ribotyping, allowed discrimination of the marine fungal isolates as Penicillium viticola F1, Penicillium restrictum F2, Penicillium rubens F8, Penic...
Asmaa Hamid1,* and Samia Kalsoom2
...owering of these parameters....
Wang Tian1, Huayong Zhang1,*, Jian Zhang2, Lei Zhao1, Mingsheng Miao3 and Hai Huang1
... both environmental factors and phytoplankton biomass are investigated in Lake Nansihu. A total of 76 zooplankton species were identified in the lake, including 17 protozoa, 36 rotifera, 12 cladocera and 11 copepods species, respectively. Zooplankton species richness changed slightly in the four seasons but varied a lot in different positions. Protozoa was absolutely dominated in zooplankton abundance and its mean value ranged from 2710.2 ind./L in winter to 4...
Xiangxing Zhu1, Junyu Nie1, Shouneng Quan1,2, Huiyan Xu1, Xiaogan Yang1, Yangqing Lu1, Kehuan Lu1 and Shengsheng Lu1*
...ant contributions to understanding astrocytic structure and function in vitro and in vivo, evidence suggests that mouse models are limited and sometimes do not fully replicate the complete spectrum of neurological phenotypes seen in human diseases. On the contrary, pigs, especially mini-pigs, show exciting potential for modeling human CNS diseases due to similarities in body size, anatomy, life span, CNS structure and neurobiology. Previously, via the somatic ...
Abdul Baset1, Qun Liu1,*, Muhammad Tariq Hanif1, 2, Baochao Liao1, Aamir Mahmood Memon1,3 and Muhammad Mohsin1
...urces from Pakistani waters. The catch and effort data (1994 – 2009) were analyzed by CEDA (catch and effort data analysis) consists of Fox, Schaefer and Pella Tomlinson models and ASPIC (a surplus production model incorporating covariates) contain Fox and Logistic models. The average annual landings of S. longiceps stocks were 38 353 t while the highest and lowest 65 050 t in 1994 and 26 937 t in 2009 was recorded correspondingly. The MSY was estimated ...
Aiza Tahir, Muhammad Asif, Zaigham Abbas and Shafiq ur Rehman*
...ausing organisms. Consumers of milk and milk products from mastitic animals are at high risk of foodborne infections. Escalating antibiotic resistance strived us to explore the alternate option to control mastitis. In ongoing era, bacteriophages are an alternate possible effective remedy. Therefore, in this study the infection ability of three lytic phages SA, SANF and SA2 was determined against ten isolates of Staphylococci and one Micrococcus, isolated from ...
Fukuan Du1,2, Yan Li2, Zhixin Wen1, Ruguo Chen1 and Pao Xu2*
...y, we developed SSR markers by transcriptome, which could be used to genetic research. In this study, we performed transcriptome sequencing of six libraries from hepatopancreas samples in E. sinensis. After removing low-quality reads, short reads and reads belonging to mitochondria, a total of 278,260,960 clean reads corresponding to mRNAs were obtained, these reads covered a total of 34,780,598,273 bases. A total of 48,657 SSR loci were recognized, of which 1...
Oluwasogo David Olorunfemi, Oluwasegun Adetokunbo Adekunle, Felix Olayinka Oladipo, Temitope Oluwaseun Oladele and Oladimeji Idowu Oladele
...ining needs of fish farmers’ on value addition initiatives in Kwara State, North Central Nigeria. Data were collected using a two-stage sampling technique to select one hundred and sixty respondents for the study. A purposive selection of two Local Government Areas each from the two Agricultural Development Programme administrative zones (Zones C and D) in Kwara State where fish farming is prominent and well-practiced ...
Shazia Irfan1*, Asima Rani1, Muhammad Arshad2 and Razia Bashir1
...SOD1) gene polymorphism [rs2070424 (–251A/G)] in RA and to compare the levels of metals and minerals among its various genotypes in RA patients. A total of 400 individuals including age and gender matched healthy individuals (control group) and RA patients were genotyped. Detection of rs2070424 polymorphism was carried out using allele specific PCR based amplification strategy. The serum samples were analyzed for deter...
Abdur Rahim1, Ghulam Abbas1*, Lorenzo Gallus2, Sara Ferrando2, Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman3, Abdul Ghaffar4 and Abdul Mateen5
...n (% WG), best feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR) were recorded at ration level from 2.5 to 4.5% BW d−1 and feeding frequency of three to four times daily. The moisture, protein and ash contents of whole body of the fish were not significantly (P>0.05) affected by feeding frequency. The highest lipid contents were observed in fish at feeding frequency of three to four times daily. The condition factor (CF), viscerosomatic index...
Bin Wang, Bo Zhang, Nan Yang, Liang Dou and Jianghong Ran*
...cooperative breeding occurs in populations unassociated with humans, we surveyed two natural populations in the Ganzi Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in western China. We compared the demography of the natural populations with that of the habituated population. The results showed that facultative cooperative breeding occurred in the two natural populations, but population density, group density, and the frequency of cooperative breeding were lower in the two nat...
Muhammad Saeed* and Iftikhar Hussain Khalil
...17 and four wheat cultivars namely Zam-04 (ZM04), Kohat-10 (KT10), Pirsabak-08 (PS08) and Janbaz (JZ) were crossed in line × tester mating to develop 24 F1 hybrids. The resultant hybrids along with parents were evaluated during cropping season 2012-13 at Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI), Pirsabak, Nowshera, Pakistan under rainfed environment, using RCB design with 3 replication...
Aziz-ul-Rahman, Farooq Yousaf, Naveed Anwar and Muhammad Abubakar
...cted from sheep and goat’s farms from January to December 2015 with no history of vaccination. Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test was performed using PPRV antigen to determine antibody titres level. The overall prevalence of antibodies to PPRV in goats and sheep were 66.22% (521 samples) and 65.76% (444 samples), respectively. Sero-prevalence of anti-PPRV antibodies was found higher in adults (69.14% with GMT 17.91) than in young (62.47% with GMT 12....
Ahmed Zein Mahmoud, Muaz Abdellatif and Ahmed Abdalla
...este des petits ruminant’s virus (PPRV) causes a highly contagious disease in both domestic, wild ruminants and camels. Sera from non-vaccinated sheep (n=683), goats (n=624) and camels (n=155) of all ages and sexes were collected in a cross-sectional study in Hail, Bagaa, Shenan and Ghazalah. Saudi Arabia. The seroprevalece was determined by NP-epitopes based competitive ELISA. The overall prevalence was 59.9%, goats had a significantly higher sero-preva...
Salma Shaheen, Mumtaz Khan, Muhammad Jamil Khan, Saleem Jilani, Zarina Bibi, Muhammad Munir and Mehwish Kiran
...es and chemical fertilizers on enhancing spinach yield is scarce. A pot experiment was conducted at Gomal University D.I. Khan, Pakistan, during 2009-10 to study the changes in soil fertility and spinach growth after the application of EM with organic wastes and chemical fertilizers. The six treatments were; control (T0), 10 tons (t) ha-1 farm yard manure (FYM) (T1), 20 t ha-1 pressmud (T2...
Neelum Andaleeb and Munir Khan
...udy was to identify factors affecting milk production in the study area. A multistage sampling method was used to select a sample of 274 livestock farm households from 6 union councils, and a well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from the female respondents through face to face interview. Cobb-Douglas production function and cost benefit analysis were used to arrive at the main conclusion. Results show that feed cost was the major component of...
Qamar Ali, Muhammad Ashfaq and Muhammad Tariq Iqbal Khan
...off-season cucumber growers by using simple random sampling. Cobb-Douglas was good on the basis of R2 (0.748) and f-statistics (17.505). Production elasticity was positive for education, polythene sheet, fertilizers, chemical, irrigation and labour days. Under utilization of resources was found for polythene sheet, fertilizers, chemicals, irrigation and labour days. Over utilization of res...
Fida Mohammad, O.S. Abdalla, Sheraz Ahmed, Fakharuddin and S. Rajaram
... with eight check cultivars was planted in alpha lattice design with three replications. Genotypes exhibited significant (p≤0.01) variations for all the studied traits excluding biomass. Genotype by environment interactions (GEI) were significant for all the characters except for thousand kernel weight. The influences of yield components on grain yield were explained by the cluster analysis of environments. Clustering of ...
Nusrat Habib, Safeena Inam and Abdul Hayee Qureshi
...was adopted from many years but due to some reasons its production and acreage decreased both in Pakistan and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. During 1997 area of sunflower was 6763 hectares with decreasing trend it reached at 503 hectares during 2011-12 in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. This study was conducted to quantify the factors contributing to the non-adoption of sunflower. Data was collected from 100 respondents of different categories com...
Amjad Ali and Abbas Ullah Jan
... i.e district Mardan, Charsadda and Dera Ismail Khan. Randomly a sample size of 303 sugarcane growers was formally interviewed for crop season 2014-15 through a pretested questioners prepared on the bases of objectives of the study. Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA) was employed for data analysis using computer software STATA. Result illustrates that technical efficiency of sugarcane crop...
Mariano Gastón Asla
...nsion, i.e. the active pursuit of life and signs of intelligence in the outer space. My goal in this article is twofold. First, in a practical level, I will explore some arguments in favor of the scientific interest regarding the search of extraterrestrial life. Second, from a theoretical perspective, I will present some examples that show the philosophical value of the extraterrestrial in...
Muhammad Jamal Nasir, Anwar Saeed Khan, Said Alam and Saeed Akhtar
...rn border of district Charsadda, adjacent to Mohmand agency. The construction of dam was started in 2009 and was completed in 2011. It is claimed that dam will irrigate 5000 acre of land in four mouza’s of district Charsadda. Present study is an attempt to determine the impact of Palai dam on the land use and cropping pattern, crop production and revenue of mouza Qilla, Tehsil Tangi,...
Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed and Dilnawaz Ahmed Gardezi
...aluation, phenotypic diversity analysis and their flowering behavior sugarcane under local conditions. Two year data revealed that genotype HSF-242 showed maximum mean values for, internodes length, brix percentage and reducing sugar while S-08-FSD-19 showed maximum values for number of tillers and stem girth, whereas S-05-FSD-307 revealed maximum values for plant height and number of nodes. Analysis of variance revealed hig...
Sheraz Ahmad Khan and Ghulam Hassan
...moderate for all parameters. Grain yield was observed to have positive significant association with most of the important yield related traits such as fertile tillers, spike length, 1000-grain weight and grains per spike. These results suggest that all the traits showing significant correlation with grain yield needs better attention in future wheat breeding programs for increasing yield....
Muhammad Aslam Shahid, Muhammad Iqbal and Muhammad Niamatullah
... fruit setting .The growers pollinate the date by using low potency pollen source and get low yield. Present studies were conducted with the aim to explore best pollen sources for maximum fruit set and yield. In this respect, an experiment was conducted during 2012 and 2013 to evaluate the male spath characteristics and to observe the effect of pollen sources on fruit set, yield and physico-chemical characteristics of Dhakki date palm. Data were recorded for s...
Hina Fatima, Lal Almas and Bushra Yasmin
... collected from 150 farmers; those were cultivating cotton-melon crops in combination under tunnels. The study area was Punjab, Pakistan. The stochastic cost frontier analysis was used to estimate the allocative efficiency of cotton-melon cropping systems efficiency. The result illustrates that none of the farmers to be optimally using their inputs. The average allocative efficiency was around 75%. Approximately 36 percent o...
Aqila Shaheen and Nadia Sabir
...c and inorganic fertilizers on yield of wheat-maize cropping systems in the erosion-vulnerable sub-humid area. Treatments included tillage levels i.e. ST (shallow tillage), STR (shallow tillage with residues), DT (deep tillage) and DTR (deep tillage with residues). Sub plots had three fertilizer’s levels viz. F1 (control), F2 (inorganic fertilizers) and F3 (f...
Naushad Khan1*, Shahnaz Akhtar1, Munir Khan1, Shaista Naz2, Javeria Tanveer1 and Muhammad Kaleem3
... province the maize growers are always in need of loan for the purchase of inputs. The present study examined the effect of ZTBL credit program on maize productivity in district Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this, a sample of 226 farmers was selected by employing multi stage sampling technique. At first stage, all the three tehsils (i.e.; Mardan, Takht Bhai and Katlang) of th...
Zaffar Malik, Moazzam Jamil, Ghulam Hassan Abassi, Muhammmad Nafees, Muhammad Rafey and Muhammad Kamran
...l and mechanical parameters of vertic soil like soil consistency limits like plastic limit (PL), liquid limit (LL) and plasticity index (PI), tensile strength (TS), shear strength (cohesion (C) and angle of friction (φ)) were studied. Results showed that amendments had improved soil physico-mechanical properties. No specific trends were observed for consistency limit, however, PI decreased for all the amendments applied and LL showed correlation with φ...
Zamarud Shah, Safdar Hussain Shah, Asad Jan and Gul Shad Ali
...shock transcription factors are known to play an important role in regulating heat stress in plants. Tobacco (Nicotiana benthamiana) was transformed with heat shock transcription factor HsfA1d by transfecting leaf discs with Agrobacterium strain GV3101 carrying CaMV35S-YFP::HsfA1d construct. After PCR and confocal-based confirmation, HsfA1d overexpression lines (OX1, OX2 and OX3) were evaluated for their response to heat stress. Overexpression lines on averag...
Zeeshan Haider, Inayatullah Jan and Waqar Akram
...ify;">Conflicts have adverse effects on income and living conditions of populations worldwide. Keeping that in mind, this study was conducted in northwest Pakistan with the aim to identify the effect of armed conflict on income from tomato crop. The study is based on the primary data collected from two villages namely Shilozan and Pewar in Kuram Agency in the northwest of Pakistan. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired t-test. The results ...
Ibni Amin Khalil* and Raziuddin
...the parental lines, testers, F1 hybrids and line × tester interaction for found significant (P<0.01) for the studied parameter. Promising genotypes for seed yield i.e. L-4, L-5, L-7 and T-4 were identified as best parents as they outclassed all other genotypes by producing maximum seed yield per plant of 28 g. Since, the line × tester source was significant, hence data was further subjected to combining ability analysis. For the inheritance of t...
Muhammad Afzal1 and Murad Khan2*
Gökhan Kuş1,*, Hatice Mehtap Kutlu2, Djanan Vejselova2 and Emre Comlekci3
...ome popular in recent years. Ceramide is a metabolite in sphingolipid pathway of the cells that has an ability to promote cell death in tumor cells when produced endogenously in the cells or applied exogenously. Ceramidases, which are main component of ceramide pathway catalyze metabolism of proapoptotic ceramide to anti-apoptotic sphingosine and other fatty acids. In this study we have evaluated the pro-apoptotic effect of ceranib-2, a human ceramidase inhibi...
Yusuf Koc1, Ecevit Eyduran1* and Omer Akbulut2
... Square Error (RMSE), Pearson correlation between actual and predicted weaning weights were estimated for each combination. It was determined that CHAID algorithm constructed more suitable tree structures, biologically in comparison to Exhaustive CHAID and CART data mining algorithms. Consequently, it is recommended that the biological suitability of the constructed tree structure should be taken account together with estimating model quality criteria.
...
Eman Mahmoud El-Diasty1,Madeha Abd El-Halim Ibrahim2 and Ghada Kamal El Khalafawy2,*
... Rhodotorula. Using universal primers ITS1-5.8S-ITS4 amplified ITS region. And it yielded a unique PCR size of approximately 376-930 bp. PCR amplicons were digested with enzyme MspI and the generated bans corresponded to the predicted size.
...
Muhammad Arshad1*, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan2*, Faisal Hafeez3, Ravaid Sherazi1 and Naeem Iqbal4
...ge (61.48) aphids. Manly’s preference index suggest that pea aphid was the most preferred (by all stages of C. septempunctata) aphid species followed by coriander, and the cabbage aphid was the least preferred species. The results of the present study revealed predatory potential of C. septempunctata against different aphid species under the laboratory conditions. The results could be helpful in designing biological management strategies fo...
Önder Duysak*andKübra Azdural
...köy> Payas > Arsuz > Dörtyol > Konacık > Yumurtalık > İskenderun for spring and Kaleköy > Payas > İskenderun > Arsuz > Dörtyol > Yumurtalık > Konacık > Çevlik for autumn.It was found that the accumulation of heavy metals at different parts of P. caerulea changes with respect to season and the type of heavy metal.
Waheed Anwar*, Muhammad S. Haider, Ahmad A. Shahid, Hamid Mushtaq, Usman Hameed, Muhammad Zia Ur Rehman and Muhammad Javed Iqbal
... not enough to score diversity within species and isolates. Additionally pathogenicity of isolated Fusarium species was evaluated against nymph and adult of Bemisia tabaci. Under controlled conditions different species of Fusarium restrained the growth of B. tabaci as compared with control.
...
Abdur Rahim1, Ghulam Abbas1,*, Muhammad Naeem2, Sara Ferrando3, Lorenzo Gallus3, Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman4, Abdul Ghaffar5 and Abdul Mateen6
...rate (SGR) and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were noted in the fish fed diet containing FO. Fish fed diet comprising OO and PO showed poor SGR and FCR values than those fed with FO and SO diets. Body composition was not significantly influenced by different lipid sources although low crude lipid was found in fish fed diet containing FO. The hepatosomatic index (HSI) and visrosomatic index (VSI) were greater in the fish fed FO diet than the remaining diets. Final...
Effect of Supplemented Algal Carotenoid Diets on Skin Color of Tomato Clownfish, Amphiprion frenatus
Muge Aliye Hekimoglu*, Kgrşat Fırat, Şahin Saka, Cüney Suzer, Aysun Kop and Yaşar Durmaz
...up C. The best feed conversion ratio was found in at Group B. The total carotenoid content of skin of fish were found to be 0.77±0.61 µg.g-1 on the initial day in the experimental group. As a result of the measurements performed on the 120th day, the pigment values were determined as 30.39±0.39 µg.g-1 in Group A, 39.07±1.12 µg.g-1 in Group B and 35.68±10.69 µg.g
Blood Selenium and Vitamin E Levels in Heifers: Regional and Seasonal Differences in Northern Cyprus
Serkan Sayiner1* and Hilal Karagul2
...vitamin E levels in heifers, together with roughage selenium levels in eight livestock regions of Northern Cyprus from two different seasons. We also evaluated whether these concentrations were adequate. Heifer blood, feed samples including concentrate feed or roughage were analysed. It was found that there are significant seasonal differences for each region and regional differences in each season were due to different feeding conditions. Heifer blood seleniu...
Ahmad Kamran Khan1, Muhammad Hamid Bashir1,*, Bilal Saeed Khan1 and Nazir Javed2
...known to be the most diverse group of predatory mites within soil ecosystems, involved in maintaining the soil health. Biodiversity of Mesostigmata can be used to access the soil health within a geographical region. Family richness, diversity, abundance and evenness of soil inhabiting Mesostigmata mites in cultivated and undisturbed soil were estimated from five different localities of Pun...
Irshad Ahmad
...ae Nietner) that adversely affects the yield and quality of the fruit and wood. This study describes the life cycle of the pest, the nature and extent of damage done to walnut, and the preventive measures applied under integrated pest management program (IPM) and includes the cautious use of chemical insecticides, mechanical means, cultural and biological control methods for the substantial control of walnut borer. The present study offe
Lingtong Ye1, Chao Cao1,2, Bin Tang1,2, Tuo Yao1, Ruixuan Wang1 and Jiangyong Wang1*
...s 0.33%, whereas the interspecific distance of P. websteri ranged from 18.88% (with P. brevipalpa) to 24.79% (with Boccardia proboscidea). The intraspecific genetic distances of polydorids examined in the present study ranged from 0.33% to 1.67%, whereas the interspecific distances ranged from 18.88% to 24.79%. Such large barcoding gaps between intra- and inter-specific distances indicate that the COI is...
Hafiz Aftab Ahmed1, Asif Ali2, Akbar Ali2, Salman Ahmed Abid3 and Sajid Umar4*
...nted with complaint of persistent unilateral hind limb extension. The animals were unable to flex the limb during walk. Diagnosis was based on case history, clinical sign and clinical examination. Upward fixation of patella was diagnosed in all three animals. After careful palpation of the ligament, medial patellar desmotomy was performed in lateral recumbence, under local anesthesia achieved by 2% lignocaine hydrochloride. The skin was apposed with simple int...
Guang-Xin E1, Yong-Ju Zhao1, Zhong-Yuan Zhang1, Yan-Guo Han1, Wei-Wei Ni1, Ming-Xing Chu2, Yue-Hui Ma2, Jian-Ning He3, Huai-Zhi Jiang4, Jia-Hua Zhang1, Zhong-Quan Zhao1, Yan Zeng1, Ri-Su Na1, Gao-Fu Wang5, Hang-Xing Ren5 and Yong-Fu Huang1*
.... We estimated their diversity and population structure in three high fecundity goats (Jianzhou big ear goat, Jining grey goat, Dazu black goat) and three low fecundity goats (Boer goat, Nubian goat, Inner Mongolia Cashmere goat). The results revealed a high diversity of those markers in the goat populations. The population structure did not diverge significantly between high fecundity goa...
Mahanama De Zoysa1, Si-yun Ryu1, Hyeon-cheol Kim2 and Bae Keun Park1*
...in Korean. This is the first report of A. japonicus morphology with light and scanning electron microscopy.
...
Rashid Mahmood1*, Saima Asad2, Ghulam Sarwar1, Waqar Ahmad1, Ziyad Abdul Qadir1, Ammara Balouch1 and Muhammad Khalid Rafique1
...e number of pollen foragers returning to the hive entrance was recorded for 10 min duration on hourly basis between 0800 h to 1600 h for 3 days per week. The data was collected at 0800–1000 hours (early morning foraging activity), 1000-1200 hours (late morning foraging activity), 1200-1400 hours (Noon foraging activity) and 1400-1600 hou
Kiran Afshan1*, Sarwat Jahan1 and Mazhar Qayyum2
...ca in Pakistan, we first time evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of commercially available bovine F. hepatica enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for the detection of IgG against fascioliasis in sera of small ruminants. The result of current study indicated diagnostic accuracy of test 95.6%, while sensitivity and specificity of this assay for small ruminants was 97.83% (95% CI: 92.35% to 99.67%) and 93.75% (95% CI: 87.54% to 97.44%) respectivel...
Syed Fazal Baqi Kakakhel*, Asad Ullah and Abdur Rashid
...f ‘Near Threatened’ Markhor sub species Flare-horned Markhor (Capra falconeri falconeri Wagner 1839) in District Swat covering an area of 5337 km² in 2013. The population survey was conducted in two phases i.e. December 21-24 in Kalam and December 26-29 in Mankial valleys. Vintage point count surveys revealed that the Markhor preferred habitats in Kalam and Mankial valleys in District Swat. Among the six sub valleys of Kalam, onl...
Sameera Akhtar1*, Muhammad Akram Muneer1, Khushi Muhammad1, Muhammad Yasin Tipu1, Muhammad Anees2, Imran Rashid1, Raza-ur-Rehman3 and Irshad Hussain1
...ase surveillance and understanding of field NDV strains. The NDVs, a prototype of Avian Paramyxoviruses (APMV-1), have been reported previously both in chicken and feral birds (natural reservoirs) in Pakistan; however, their molecular characterization is largely inadequate and requires continuous evaluation. In this study, sequencing and molecular analysis of fusion (F) and hemagglutinin (HN) genes of NDV strain isolated fro...
Gabriela Mansano do Nascimento, Helena Lage Ferreira and Clarice Weis Arns
...: justify;">Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) belongs to the genus Avibirnavirus, a dsRNA virus that causes an acute, highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease in young chickens. The first line of defence against the virus is innate immunity whose activation is independent of the antigen and depends on the ability of the host to recognize pathogens by means of specific pattern recognition recepto
Pam D Luka, Frank N Mwiine, Bitrus Yakubu, Joseph Erume, Ricardo Pérez-Sánchez, Hermann Unger and David Shamaki
...ariation and long-term persistence of the virus in an area. Since the first report of ASF in Nigeria, periodic outbreaks have continued to occur among domestic pigs with a few incidences in wild pigs. However, to investigate the risk of a tick-domestic pig transmission cycle in Nigeria, 3,288 serum samples were collected from domestic pigs from 10 states and analysed for anti-tick antibodies using the recombinant TSGP1 indir...
Sumra Ashraf1, Zain ul Abdin1,*, Saqi Kosar Abbas2,Rao Sohail Ahmad Khan3, Muhammad Tahir1, Sehrish Rasool1, Maryam Anwar1 and Fiaz Hussain1
...ood sources, such as sugars and other carbohydrates. These food resources are commonly obtained from animal secretions or plant exudates which include honeydew, fruit juices and both floral and extra-floral nectar. A direct behavioral assay was conducted to investigate the dietary preference and effects of different diets on the fecundity, sex ratio and longevity of B. hebetor. Three different diets [Honey syrup, sugar syrup, date syrup and a control (w...
Jehangir Khan1,2*, Inamullah Khan3, Ijaz Ali2, Aqib Iqbal2 and Muhammad Salman4
...in mosquito (dengue vectors) is limited. Here, we investigated the vertical transmission of dengue virus (DENV) in the Aedes mosquitoes and its (DENV) transmission through other factors mainly tyres trade. DENV was detected in Aedes aegypti (57%) and Aedes albopictus (43%) adults (n=1050) and larvae (n=550). The samples were collected from four (Shuba Bazaar, Tarnab Farm, Wazir Bagh and Hayat Abad) dengu...
Muhammad Afzal1,Naveeda Akhtar Qureshi1,*, Khalid Zamir Rasib2 and Irfan Hussain1
...Five different wooden pairs were evaluated in choice bioassays in laboratory and field conditions. In force feeding field bioassays, least mass loss was recorded on D. sissoo (0.19±0.07g) and maximum on P. euramericana (1.50.1g). Under choice laboratory trials, maximum mass loss difference was recorded on pair of P. euramericana and D. sissoo (0.89±0.05 and 0.14±0.01g), whereas, minimum mass loss difference was ...
Zafrullah Khan1, Shah Alam Khan1*, Hamayoon Khan2, Naeem Khan3, Khwaja Junaid1 and Inamullah Khan1
...onventional wheat cultivars that are resistant to the attack of R. padi have been incorporated in the commercial wheat cultivars to help manage R. padi. During this study seven wheat genotypes were evaluated as antixenosis, antibiosis and tolerance. These tested genotypes were (Pir Sabaq-2004, Atta-Habib, Saleem-2000, Serin-2010, Khyber-87, Sarhad-82, and Khushal-69) in three separate experiments. Antibiosis re...
Md. Yeamin Hossain1,*, Md. Alomgir Hossen1, Md. Nasir Uddin Pramanik1, Fairuz Nawer1, Md. Mosaddequr Rahman2, Suraiya Sharmin1, Dalia Khatun1, A. H. Bahkali3, Abdallah M. Elgorban3 and Khairun Yahya4
...nt study describes the first complete, inclusive description on life-history traits of B. dario, including ─ sex ratio, length-frequency distributions (LFDs), length-weight relationships (LWRs), length-length relationships (LLRs), condition factors (allometric, KA; Fulton’s, KF; relative, KR), relative weight (W
Pinar Oztopcu-Vatan1, Gokhan Kus2, Emine Inan3, Melek Gunindi Korkut3, Selda Kabadere4,* and Ruhi Uyar4
...riance followed by Tukey’s multiple comparison test. IC50 values of licofelone were determined as 171 µM for 24 h and 140 µM for 48 h applications. Used as a positive control, 250 µM 5-Fluorouracil decreased the cell survival by only 40 % after 48 h, but licofelone treatment with the same dose and time duration decreased the number of surviving cells by 87 %. Treatments with 150, 200 and 250 µM licofelone caused early a...
Tanzeela Riaz1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2* and Syed Shahid Ali3
...d to phosphine for 15 years) of wheat grain pest, Trogoderma granarium collected from various storage facilities of Punjab, Pakistan viz., Mandi Bahauddin-I, Mandi Bahauddin-II, Gujrat, Gujranwala and Sargodha. The activities of all esterases tested were significantly increased in all field collected phosphine-tolerant populations when compared with phosphine-susceptible population. Among developmental stages, the 4th instar larvae pos...
Mehmet Cilbiz1* and F. Banu Yalim2
...is study, growth parameters (i.e. condition factor, length-weight relationship, K, L∞, to), mortality rate (Z, M, and F), recruitment pattern and yield were investigated for Oncorhynchus mykiss in Karacaören I Dam Lake. Fish were collected on monthly basis between July, 2013 and June, 2014. Growth parameters were analyzed by ELEFAN with monthly length–frequen...
Yaoguo Li1,2 and Maoxian He1*
...pth. In this study, we firstly investigated the associations of genome methylation level and growth traits inpearl oyster, Pinctada fucata (P. fucata). The incidence of type II locus (hemi-methylation locus) was significantly correlated with the shell height and the shell length, with Pearson correlation coefficients of 0.204 and 0.233, separately. The incidence of type IV locus (super methylated locus) on the ...
Glomus mosseae (Gerd and Trappe) and Neemex Reduce Invasion and Development of Meloidogyne incognita
Atta ur Rehman Khan1,2*, Nazir Javed2, Shahbaz Talib Sahi2, Tariq Mukhtar1, Sajid Aleem Khan2 and Waqas Ashraf3
...ment of nematode was adversely affected. Developing juveniles and adults were less in number in the combined treatment.
...
Muhammad Luqman Sohail1,*, Muhammad Sarwar Khan1, Muhammad Ijaz1, Muhammad Avais1, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor2, Omer Naseer1 and Muhammad Usman Saleem3
...eptospira positive horses based on ELISA and 9 healthy horses were included in the study. Blood profile, serum biochemistry and mineral profile were analyzed at day 0, 7 and 21 of infection. Results showed significant decrease (P<0.05) in red blood cells (RBC), packed cell volume (PCV), hemoglobin (Hb), mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and platelets while total leucocytes count (TLC), neutrophils, eosi...
Abida Butt,* Imtiaz Alam and Rabia Naz
...ship of some web parameters of the spider, Argiope trifasciata, with its body measurements was investigated. Also, role of stablimenta in efficiency of capturing prey was discussed by comparing web parameters and number of intercepted insects in decorated and non-decorated webs. For the study, 236 randomly selected webs of A. trifasciata were observed in the rice fields around the cities of Sheikhupura and Laho...
Amjad Islam Aqib1, Muhammad Ijaz1,*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Aftab Ahmad Anjum2, Riaz Hussain3, Saba Sana2, Shahid Hussain Farooqi1, Kashif Hussain1 and Syed Saleem Ahmad1
...on, associated risk factors and subsequently their antimicrobial susceptibility.The milk samples were screened with surf field mastitis test and furthered to biochemical analysis. Pearson’ Chi-square test at nighty five percent confidence interval was used to analyze the collected data. Antibiotic sensitivity was checked with twenty four antibiotics by disc diffusion method. Over all...
Abdur Rahim1, Ghulam Abbas1,*, Sara Ferrando2, Lorenzo Gallus2 and Abdul Ghaffar3
...d, water quality parameters of the experimental ponds remained as salinity (15‰ -20‰), dissolved oxygen (5.6 to 7.5ml/l), temperature (25°C to 28°C). pH (7.6-7.8), ammonia (NH4-N) and `nitrites (NO2-N) less than (0.001mg/l), Secchi’s disc visibility (8 cm to 46 cm). Higher percent weight gain (2665 g), specific growth rate (2.76±0.5 % day-1), best...
Ali Zurwan1,*, Muhammad Moaeen-ud-Din2, Ghulam Bilal2, Zia-ur-Rehman1,2 and Muhammad Sajjad Khan1
...dy was to estimate the persistency of lactation in Sahiwal cows using different persistency indices and to estimate heritability of persistency. Data on 808 Sahiwal cows maintained at the Livestock Experiment Station (LES), Jahangirabad, District Khanewal were used for the present study. Persistency of lactation was determined using five indices viz
Jiancheng Zhai, Li Gao, Yanling Xia and Heping Li*
...h the females carry antlers in Cervidae, and the differences between the antler tips of the two sexes are one of the most interesting scientific mysteries. The objective of this study was to isolate preliminarily differentially expressed genes in antler mesenchyme of both sexes. The genes were detected with three anchored primers and ten random primers using differential display reve
Rashid Mahmood1,*, Waqar Ahmad1, Muhamamd Khalid Rafique1, Ghulam Sarwar1 and Anjum Shahzad2
...ndent on insect pollinators to set fruit. Farmers in Pakistan are generally not aware of pollination needs of apple. Results depicted a high population decline of Syrphids and Non-Apis bees. Syrphids were recorded as 12.65 to 13.85 per 250 flowers in 2013 but decreased in year 2014 by 7.82 to 7.88 per 250 flowers and Non-Apis bees was recorded as 6.15 to...
Jun Cui, Xiaoxu Zhou, Zhicheng Wang, Derong Kong, Xuemei Qiu, Hongdi Wang and Xiuli Wang*
...DS of Wap65 was firstly cloned and characterized from crucian carp (Carassius carassius). This sequence is 1338bp that encodes a polypeptide of 445 amino acids. The calculated molecular weight of crucian carp Wap65 protein (CcWap65) is 50.8kDa, containing a signal peptide cleavage site between amino acids 18 and 19. The CcWap65 is a hydrophilic protein and no trans-membrane topological proteins. The SMART analysis revealed that CcWap65 contains t...
Mousa Keshavarz1*, Ehsan Kamrani1, Narges Amrollahi Biuki1 and Hossein Zamani2
...f Bandar Lengeh in the Persian Gulf. The numbers of males, females, unsexual samples were counted for 71, 126 and 20, respectively. Females were totally 1.77 times heavier than males. Wet weights of gonads were nearly 8.25% of the mean total wet body weights. Only females were observed by gonad wet weights more than 12 g. The gonad wet weights of females (3.74±3.26) was heavier than males (3.46±2.63). March to ...
Fazal Said1,Mian Inayatullah2 and Hussain Ali3*
...tal Farm (NDF), The University of Agriculture-Peshawar, (34.01° N, 71.53° E)Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan during spring and fall 2012 and 2013. Objectives of current trial were to assess visitation pattern of Apis mellifera and A. florea and to examine their influence on yield increase as well as on oil contents of sunflower seed. Frequent visitations of A. mellifera observed at 1200 noon, where 29 individuals of bee visito
Nagwan F. Zahran, Ali F. Hamza and Rehab M. Sayed*
...nd the deficiency of others in the RAPD-PCR amplification patterns of the irradiated insects.
...
Shazia Ali, Hizb Ullah and Sarwat Jahan*
... hereditary blood disorders in which or absent beta globin chain synthesis, results in reduced Hemoglobin, decreased RBC production and anemia. Total 300 individuals were divided into 4 groups according to age and gender i.e ≤13 years females, >13 years females, ≤13 years and >13 years males. Height ...
Mürşide Dartay*, Tuncay Atessahin and Erdal Duman
... Dam Lake (38°49.271’N - 39°17.057’ E) between July and March 2012 in Elazig, Turkey. In this study examined variations in CPUE fishing values of mirror carp (Cyprinus carpio) according to different hanging ratios (E=0.5, 0.67), materials (multi-monofilament and multifilament), water temperature, and water depth. CPUE values were found to be higher at 24.5 °C water temperature and 13.7 m water ...
Fermín Lopez-Uriostegui1, Jesús T. Ponce-Palafox2,*, Fabiola Lango-Reynoso1, María del Refugio Castañeda-Chavez1, Virgilio Eugenio Arenas-Fuentes3 and Fernando Vega-Villasante4
...but forage activity differs in intensity in the two species. In M. tenellum repletion index was greatest during the day and M. americanum in the night.
...
Sadaf Ijaz Malik1, Kiran Afshan2* and Mazhar Qayyum1
... that morphological markers, pathological, hematological and bile biochemical studies are effective tools that could be used as complementary in diagnosis of amphistome infections in ruminants.
...
Andrea Rezic1, Ivica Boskovic2, Piera Lubinu3, Marina Piria1, Tihomir Florijancic2, Massimo Scandura3 and Nikica Sprem1*
...andmarks described the dorsal side of the skull and lateral side of the mandible. Individual variation in skull and mandible morphology was statistically significant for the shape (p<0.01). Sexual dimorphism as main effect was highly significant for the dorsal skull shape and the mandible shape and size (p<0.01). The comparison of mandible mean shapes using discriminant function analysis and parametric test did not rev...
Rashid Ahmed Khan* and Muhammed Naveed
...with meteorological factors, such as temperature, relative humidity and sunshine. The highest mean population of fruit fly remained at 499 in the month of August. It started to decline afterwards and remained at 348 in the month of September. The lowest population was recorded at 26, 3, 2 and 1 for November, December, January and February, respectively. The optimum monthly average temperature and relative humidity ranged from 26 to 35 °C and 60%, respectiv...
Waqar Islam*1, 2, Madiha Zaynab3, Muhammad Qasim2 and Zujian Wu1,2
...ess has been made in understanding the available natural resistance in plants against viral threats. The review aims to explain the molecular mechanisms involved in triggering the antiviral resistance in plants. Antiviral RNA silencing, R-gene mediated resistance and host factor related recessive resistance are categorized as most beneficial plant defense approaches used by plants. The review also briefly explains about introgression of durable resistance to g...
...ame. Starting from the first issue of 2017, Hosts and Viruses is the revised name of the British Journal of Virology. The journal was initiated in 2013 and started publishing in 2014 with six issues per year.
Hosts and Viruses is an initiative of virologists around the globe who gathered after publishing a series of books on the mononegaviruses of veterinary importance. Th...
Mingqin Shao1*, Bin Chen1, Peng Cui2, Binbin Zeng1 and Jianhong Jiang1
...is species, such as dispersed foraging, collective maintenance and rest. Group size peaked in February (5.07 ± 4.166 individuals) and was smallest (2.91 ± 1.354 individuals) in December with significantly different group sizes in all months (F = 35.351, df = 3, P < 0.01). A total of 57.98% of all groups had a majority of females. A large difference in sex ratios was observed among different months. The actual ratio of [(adult + s...
K.N. ArulJothi1, M. Abinaya1, B. Suruthi Abirami1, Melvin George2, S. Elangovan3 and A. Devi1*
...gated the association of rs5888 polymorphism with serum lipid levels and CVD risk in an Indian population. A total of 412 samples which included 148 myocardial infarction survivors, 162 Normolipidemic healthy controls and 102 patients with hypercholesterolemia in a Indian Tamilian population were included in the study. Genotyping of SCARB1 genetic polymorphisms was done by PCR-RFLP combined with gel electrophor...
Zafar Iqbal1* and Muhammad Khurshid2
...e-PCR (IC-PCR) is very versatile technique that has the potential to expedite the detection of plant viruses from plant species containing various forms of PCR amplification inhibitors. In current study, IC-PCR was used for the detection of Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) from plant extracts of Nicotiana benthamiana plants inoculated with ToLCNDV. To immunocapture the ToLCNDV, two antisera raised aga...
Nosheen Noor Elahi* and Misbah Mughal
...arried out using Schultz’s maceration method followed by staining with chloloiodide of Zinc. The results indicated substantial differences among the sugarcane varieties for various stem epidermal cell combinations and structures like number of stomata, number and shape of cork, silica, long, and pointed elongated cork cells. It is therefore contended that the structure of the epidermis in sugar cane can be used as a characteristic of variety differentiat...
Hui Zhang2, Yajing Wang2, Kun Li2, Mujeeb Ur Rehman2, Fazul Nabi2, Rui Gui2, Yanfang Lan2 and Houqiang Luo1,2*
...ration and series of tumors in connective tissues and other visceral organs. To evaluate the status of lymphoid leukosis virussubgroup A (ALV-A) infection in free-range chickens in five different cities of Anhui province, a total of 732 serum samples were analyzed through enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay (ELISA) in 2015 and 2016. The diagnosis of avian leukosis virus subgroup A (ALV-A) infection was confirmed by necropsy, histopathological examinations and P...
Akbar Ali1,*, Khalil Mohamed2 and Fawzia Toulah3
...men were in the 20-29 years age group (48%), followed by 30-39 years (33%) and >40 years (14%). Overall prevalence of Toxoplasma gondii IgG was seen in 12%, with significantly more in women with age more than 30 years as compared to those with age less than 30 years (19% vs 8%; p=0.038). The percentage...
Tuli Dey, Sonnet Poddar and Mukti Barua
...on Suture (modified Bhuners suture) was given for not to recurrence of the condition. Proper postoperative treatment with antibiotic, antihistaminic and hormonal drugs were given. This case as well as the condition of the animal were followed up and gave the result of successful recovery without any complication....
Zahir Shah, Ahmed Nawaz Tunio, Shakoor Ahmad, Ijaz Ahmad, Javid Ali, Sher Bhader Khan
...r old heavily pregnant Jersey cow, suffering from acute abdominal pain since last 12 hours was subjected for caesarean section at Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Sciences, University of Agriculture Peshawar-Pakistan. The surgery was performed under paravertebral anesthesia at T13, L1-3 using xylocaine 2% in standing posi...
Iftikhar Ahmad, Abdul M. Saleem, Ghulam Mustafa, Khurram Ziaf, Irfan Afzal and Muhammad Qasim
...h 40-60% R.H. in 16/8 hours day/night conditions. Results revealed that pre-sowing seed treatment particularly halopriming with CaCl2 was the most effective for invigoration of gerbera and zinnia seeds. For Gerbera jamesonii, 25 mM CaCl2 and for Zinnia elegans, 50 mM CaCl2 proved best priming treatments followed by 100 mM KCl and 50 to 100 mM KNO3 for both tested species. This was interpreted by reduced time to 50% germination (1.2 d for gerbera and 2.4 d for ...
Idowu Fagbamila1*, Adaobi Okeke2, Micheal Dashen2, Patricia Lar2, Sati Ngulukun1, Benshak Audu1, David Ehizibolo1, Paul Ankeli1, Pam Luka1, Maryam Muhammad1
...ther less frequent serovars had a more circumscribed distribution. Resistance to Methicillin, Penicillin, Erythromycin and Oxacillin was 100% for all the serotypes while Gentamicin had the lowest resistance (5.9%).This is one of few studies on the occurrence and antimicrobial resistance profile of Salmonella in poultry slaughter slab (processing plants) in Nigeria. The relatively high prevalence rate documented in this study may be attributed to the generally ...
Abdul Malik1,4, Ghulam Abbas1*, Hameeda Kalhoro2, Illahi Bux Kalhoro3, Syed Sajjad A. Shah4 and Halima Kalhoro3
...;. Water quality parameters remained as temperature (28.1±0.2°C), dissolved oxygen (6.10±0.1 ml/l), pH (6.6±0.1 ml/l) and ammonia (0.02±0.004 ml/l) throughout the study period. Taking into consideration the number of fertilized eggs and survival of fry data attained in the present study, a salinity level of 20% is suggested for red tilapia breeding in concrete tanks.
...
Mirza Imran Shahzad1,*, Anna Iqbal2, Farrah Ali1, Nuzhat Sial3, Muhammad Ashfaq4, Abul Hasanat5 and Azra Khanum6
...forms since last 2000 years. The present study was designed to evaluate the antimicrobial activities of different culture microbes against each other. A total six bacteria including Salmonella typhi, Escherichia coli, Pasteuralla multocida, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, Micrococcus luteus and Staphylococcus aureius were used against each other to evaluate their antimicrobial activities. All of bacteria were cultured in LB media and further the cultur...
Majed Rafeeq1,*, Nadeem Rashid1, Muhammad Masood Tariq1, Rassol Bakhsh Tareen2, AsadUllah1 and Zahid Mustafa1
...aily gain, and feed conversion (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in feed intake (P>0.05). The treatment groups supplemented with Allium sativum showed higher growth performance compared to Cassia angustifolia and Artemisia scoparia and control(P<0.05). Relative organ weights and relative carcass yield of treatment groups were not significantly different (P>0.05). The Relative length of the intestine of the treatm...
Nadeem Rashid1,*, Masroor Ahmad Bajwa1, Mohammad Masood Tariq1, Tanvir Ahmad2, Majed Rafeeq1, Zafar Ahmad1, Mohammad Arif Awan1, Mohammad Ali1, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa1, Muhammad Shafee1, Asad Ulah1 and Amanullah Khan3
...nd morphological characters by using slide culture technique. While mean moisture percentage was recorded as 5.3% with a significant difference (P<0.05), the pH was noted to be slightly acidic with non-significant difference (P>0.05) among seasons. Overall mean viable fungal count was 4.72 × 103±708 with a significant association (P<0.05) among seasons. Out comes from study showed that, 44.8% of the assayed samples were contami...
Mohammad Raoofi and Mohammad Taghi Alebrahim
...s during 2013-14 crop years. The experimental treatments were weed interference and non-interference in two levels (hand weeding and non-hand weeding) and plant density in four levels (20, 40, 60 and 80 stems per square meter). The results obtained in two cuttings in the third year of established alfalfa showed that the weeds caused quantitative and qualitative reduction in alfalfa. Alfalfa in the second cutting had better growth compared to the fi
Cansu Akbulut1,*, Tuğba Kotil2, Burcu Öztürk1 and Nazan Deniz Yön1
...al vesiculation and dispersion at ooplasm were observed. In mitochondria, mitotic catastrophe , vesiculation, swelling and loss of organization of cristae were detected.Here we showed that TiO2 exposure trigger paraptotic type cell death in zebrafish ovary.
...
Saqib Ali1, Suliman Ali1, Lina1, Wen Zhou1, Muhammad Irfan Waris1, Ashfaq Ali2 and Man Qun Wang1,*
... brief impression of ALB’s biological characteristics, ecology, chemical ecosystem, economic significance, and management. Beetles in the Cerambycidae family have implicit increasing importance as pests of green forest in addition to shade trees, shrubs, and pink wood products as well as vectors of tree ailments. The alien species related to hardwood packing substances have been remarkable tree destroye
Sung Kwon Park1a, Jin Young Jeong2a, Eun Seok Cho3, Yong Dae Jeong3 and Chang Seok Park4*
... data help us better understand the precise mechanisms of PEDV in pig PBMC.
...
Muhammad Shahid1, Iram Amin1,*, Samia Afzal1, Zareen Fatima1, Sadia Zahid1, Usman Ashraf1 and Muhammad Idrees2
...ferent major health centers of Pakistan were registered in present study of which 214 were females and 489 were male. Overall weighted prevalence of PCR positivity was 38% (268). Of the total 268 PCR positive subjects, 0.74%, 56.71%, 15.67% were positive for serotype 1, 2 and 3 respectively. Only 72 suspected patients had concurrent infection with serotype 2 and 3. Higher incidence of RNA positivity by PCR was found in males (71%) as compared to the females (2...
Tausif Ahmad1, Iahtasham Khan2, Saddaf Razzaq1, Saeed-ul-Hassan Khan1,* and Raheela Akhtar3
Memoona Akber1, Muhammad Mushtaq1,*, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem1, Amjad Rashid Kayani1 and Noor-un-Nisa2
... difference between numbers of captured individuals of both the sexes was recorded. Adult population of the Norway rat dominated the juvenile during all the seasons of the year. Data on the body weight reflected that the males were heavier than the females in all the four seasons of the year; the heaviest males were observed during the winter season. Reproductive activity revealed that the males were recorded reproductively active throughout the year while mor...
Erum Bughio1, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi*1, Muzamil Memon2, Reema Bughio3, Pervez Ahmed Khoso4, Zafar Ali Khoso1 and Ali Asghar Baloch5
...e IBDV vaccines on broilers. A total of 120 broilers were randomly divided into six groups (20 birds in each) were coded A, B, C, D, E and F; vaccinated with various combinations of IBD through different routes. Results showed that the birds of different groups received different maternal antibodies did not induce any antibodies as recorded in all groups received vaccines at days 1, 9 or 12 exhibited similar pattern antibody...
Irum, Akram Shah*, Sobia Wahid, Nazma Habib Khan and Qaisar Jamal
...s carried out using in-person questionnaire evaluation along with microscopic assessment of water samples for Cyclops species. Based on previous clinical records of dracunculiasis, five villages of Dera Ismail Khan including Kath Garh, Wanda Dost Ali, Chah Mundar Wala, Ketch and Gara Baloch were surveyed for a total of 206 randomly selected households, where the household heads (106 males and 100 females) were interviewed for any previous dracunculiasis...
Salman Khalid1,*, Abdul Rehman2, Mohammad Yasin Amir1, Abdul Rehman1, Imran Sarfaraz1 and Muhammad Asif1
...f ticks on blood parameters and efficacy of different drugs on controlling tick’s infestation in commercial layer, a double blind randomized controlled trial was conducted. For therapeutic trials, the 80 birds (n= 60 infested with ticks, n= 20 healthy birds) were selected and divided into four groups (A, B, C and D), each comprising of 20 birds. Group A and B were treated with Ivermectin @ 0.2mg/Kg orally for two days ...
Abdul Aziz Khan1,*, Shahid Munir2 and Irfan Ahmed2
... was consumed by wild boars during 17 nights. The consumption of bait increased asymptotically and attained peak on the 7th night. The bait in-take, external and internal pathological symptoms were similar as has been described for warfarin and brodifacoum. The bleeding period ranged from 8.06 to 12.94 nights with 13% variation in time. Based upon the total consumption of coumatetralyl bait, 400-450 wild boars wer...
Uzma Farid Durrani1,*,Sagar Mal Goyal2, Asim Khalid Mahmood1,Cathleen Hanlon3, Susan Moore3, Muhammad Waqas1 and Raheela Akhtar4
... of the responsible factors for increasing incidence of rabies in humans and dogs living in Lahore, Pakistan.
...
Muhammad Waqas1*, Anwar Ali Shad1, Omaira Bashir2 and Mohsin Iqbal3
...ed by measuring Rancimat’s test and diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) by using 50 to 200 mg/kg carotenoids in sunflower oil and spaghetti. The sunflower oil containing 50 to 200 mg/kg carotenoids showed higher antioxidant activity in comparison to 200 mg/kg Butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT). Optimum cooking time, its weight and swelling index were remained same at different level of oil carotenoids tomato peel powder when compared with control. On the other ...
M. Abdus Salam1, M. Moynul Haque2, Md. Obaidul Islam3, M. Nasir Uddin4 and Md. Nazmul Haque3*
...ifferent storage containers on growth, yield and quality of cotton genotypes. The experiment was conducted between July, 2010 to February, 2011 at Cotton Research, Training and Seed Multiplication Farm, Sreepur, Gazipur, Bangladesh. Significant variations related to genotypes and seed sources were observed for stand establishment, branch development, phenology, yield components, yield and fiber quality attributes of cotton. Yield and quality of cotton were sig...
John G. Bruno
...">Twenty-seven DNA aptamers were developed against the Fab fragments of murine antibodies developed to bind Rickettsia rickettsii and Rickettsia typhi. A feasibility study was conducted to generate anti-idiotypic aptamers against Fab fragments of these antibodies and to determine if the aptamers were capable of emulating rickettsial antigens to enable sensitive detection of rickettsia expo...
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...ural development and covers all the areas of Agriculture. The present study was carried out in all the 24 districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa to investigate the agricultural mechanization competencies of AEOs. Sum total of 111 AEOs were contacted for data collection. Primary data were collected from the selected sample of AEOs by mailing the questionnaires. The results showed that overwhelming majority of the respondents i.e., 88% were M.Sc degree holde
Wesam Hasan Mohamed Mady 1*, Bing Liu2, Dong Huang2, A. Arafa1, M.K. Hassan1, M.M. Aly1, Pucheng Chen2, Yongping Jiang2* and Hualan Chen2
... poultry production sectors. Due to potential of H9N2 infections in human, LPAI H9N2 poses serious public health risk. Therefore, development of new potent and cost-effective influenza vaccines is urgently needed to safeguard poultry and to contain zoonosis. The primary goal of this study was to develop H9 plasmid-based DNA vaccine against the currently circulating AIV subtype H9N2 targeting HA gene of the virus A/Turkey/Egypt/1341V/2013(H9N2). The full length...
Waqar Islam
...anagement of insect vectors can reduce this disastrous problem. However, in developing countries such strategies are rarely applied due to lack of farmer’s knowledge about plant virus diseases. Therefore, here we reviewed about this issue by highlighting that what farmers know about plant viruses, what is their perception about yield losses by virus diseases and what management strat...
Mohammad Salim1, Arshad Javid2,*, Faiz-ur-Rahman3, Khalid Javed Iqbal4 and FarmanUllah5
...unkhwa during a three years survey extending from June 2010 through May 2013. Mean body mass of the captured R. ferrumequinum specimens was 18.45 ± 0.35 g, head and body length was 60.11 ± 1.42 mm and forearm length was 60.01 ± 1.41 mm. Similarly, average greatest length of skull was 23.35 ± 0.20 mm while the total length of baculum of a single specimen was recorded 4.13 mm. The mean body mass, head and body length and forear...
Muhammad Asif Zahoor1, Zeeshan Nawaz1, Abu Baker Siddique1, Sajjad ur Rahman2 and Shahid Ali1*
...roth supplemented with horse serum. The blood was used for serum plate agglutination assay. Thereafter, the samples were subjected to genomic DNA extraction to detect Mycoplasma spp. using multiplex-PCR. Isolation and identification data showed that a total of 58/96 samples (60.41%) were positive for Mycoplasma infections whereas a total of 61/96 blood samples were also found positive using serum plate agglutination. However, the multiplex-PCR detected Mycopla...
Sadiq Ali* and Ijaz Ahmad Khan
... in loss of local biodiversity. Field survey of district Swabi (Peshawar Valley) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, was carried out during May-June, 2013-14 to study the distribution of Parthenium weed. Five villages were selected and thirty locations were randomly selected from each village. The data revealed that the flora is predominated by parthenium weed with the highest relative density of 63.4% among all weeds, followed by Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pe
Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah1,*, Tassawar Hussain Malik2, Imran Rafi Khan1 and Zahid Hussain3
...all basis, during the course of the season, lowest number of jassid/leaf was recorded on USG-12-8 (1.7) followed by USG-12-44 (3.2) and USG-12-24 (3.3) while, number of whiteflies/leaf on USG-14-2460 (11.6) followed by USG-12-24 (12.4) and USG-14-2478 (12.7) whereas, highest resistance was recorded against thrips in all accessions. Among the local varieties, lowest jassid/leaf was noted on desi/arborum (0.8) followed by AA-703 (3.6) and AA-802 (3.7) while, whi...
Tianzhu Chao, Huiqiang Cai, Yuxun Zhou, Kai Li* and Junhua Xiao
...pecies distribution, diversity and differentiation of the house mouse Mus musculus provide insights into past dispersal events in natural populations of this species. We investigated the molecular phylogenetics of Chinese house mice based on 466 DNA sequences from mitochondrial D-loop fragments. Our analyses revealed that Mus musculus musculus and M. m. castaneus are older colonized subspecies with broad...
Jun Gao1,2, Liang-Liang Yue3, Xianhuan Jiang1, Liju Ni4, Muhammad Aqeel Ashraf5, Yuxun Zhou,1 Kai Li1,* and Junhua Xiao1,*
...uo;refuge within refugia’ in glacial period. According to our molecular clock analysis, the main clades of M. fortis divergence and separated time at around 0.77±0.64 million years ago (Mya) located in the Penultimate Glaciation. Divergences within the three clades taken place during the interglacial period between the Penultimate Glaciation and the Last Glaciation. Bayesian skyline plot indicates the eff...
Maoying Zhu, Yuntao Ji, Xiaoyu Wang, Junying Pu and Changqing Qu*
...ervation solution for 2 hrs under 0.6 MPa were tested including the following groups: control (CK), 100µm GSH, 10µm fasudil hydrochloride (FH) and a combination of the two (GSH + FH). A solution of 10% (v/v) Me2SO + 20% FBS was used as the standard cryopreservation solution. After 2 months, MTT assay showed significant differences in the proportion of adherent viable cells in the FH group and GSH group compared with the control group (p ...
Matiyar Rahaman Khan1,*, Sabyasachi Pal2, Ghule Tushar Manohar2, Somnath Bhattacharyya3, Amit Singh4, Prahlad Sarkar5 and Samuel Lalliansanga6
... of plant growth parameters and highest reproduction (R=87.27).
...
Adel Eid Mohamed Mahmoud*
...lood and ruminal parameters, growth performance, meat analysis and feed intake of growing lambs. Fifty one Barki lambs with body weight of 30±0.57 kg; in three groups (17 animals, each). Experimental rations were composed of concentrate and clover hay in a 60:40 concentrate: roughage ratio.There was no effect of bakery by-products inclusion on nutrients digestibility and nutritive values except digestion coefficients of crude protein and digestible crud...
YaQiu Liu and ZhiJian Wang*
...is composed of three layers: the thin layer of the extended cytoplasm of respiratory epithelial cells (1.47±0.23 μm), the thin sheet of cytoplasm of endothelial cells (0.21±0.03 μm) and the basement membrance (0.27±0.05 μm) between them is similar to that of the respiratory organs in other vertebrates.Intestinal tract has digestion and respiration functions. Anterior intestine performs digestion/absorption. Po...
Yi-qiang Ouyang1, Zhen-xin Liang1, Shi-wen Huang2, Ying Zhang3, Shao-shi Luo1, Jin-ning Liang1, Jia-fu Li1, Yu He4 and Song-chao Guo1,*
...mal studies of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) involve rats and mice, yet the tree shrew (Tupaia belangeri) is in many respects more similar to primates than rodents are. To demonstrate the feasibility and usefulness of using the tree shrew as an AD model, we examined how well the model recapitulates features of the disease. Injecting animals intraperitoneally with d-galactose to induce acute senility, and then injecting them with β amyloid fragment...
Hamayun Khan1,*, Momen Khan2, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi3, Shakoor Ahmad1, Ali Gohar4, Hameed Ullah5, FarmanUllah6, Arab Hussain7, Pershotam Khatri8, Said Sajjad Ali Shah1, Hamid Rehman1 and Azmatullah Khan1
..., Harichand, District Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Collection of semen was done using artificial vagina (42°C) for three weeks. Semen was extended in egg yolk extender at various inclusion levels (0.0%, 0.25%, 0.5%, 0.75 and 1.0%) of green tea extract. Testing was consummated for quality characteristics of post-thawed spermatozoa such as motility, viability and plasma membrane integrity. The data was statistically analyzed with one-way analysis of varian...
Muhammad Noor, Hidayat ur Rahman and Muhammad Iqbal
...ustify;">Genetic parameters particularly heritability estimates for a trait of interest help plant breeders to plan their long term breeding programs more accurately. This study was conducted to estimate the magnitude of heritability for flowering and maturity attributes along with plant and ear height parameters in four popcorn populations. Broad sense heritability estimates varied from 0...
Sanaullah Jalil*, Asim Hayat, Abid Majeed, Syed Haider Abbas, Muhammad Noman, Muhammad Imran Kasana and Muhammad Mazhar Hussain
...ore than 90% of Pakistan’s soils. In addition to P deficiency, high pH level and soil carbonate contents further limit the utilization of P by plants. This research was conducted during wheat cropping season of year 2010 and 2011 and it consisted of determination of the residual effect of six treatments (T0 = control without rock phosphate & farmyard manure, T1= rock phosphate @150 kg P2O5 per hectare, T2 = FYM @5 tons per hectare, T3 = RP @100 kg P2...
Neelum Andaleeb, Munir Khan and Syed Attaullah Shah
...ardan to determine women’s participation in livestock farming and to investigate factors affecting their participation. A multistage sampling method was used to select a sample of 274 livestock farm households from 6 rural Union Councils, and a well-structured questionnaire was used to collect data from female respondents through face to face interviews. A composite index was constructed to measure the extent of women&...
Response of Spring and Autumn Sunflower to Chemical and Bio-Fertilizers for Yield and Quality Traits
Muhammad Tahirand Memoona Shehzadi*
...hemical and bio-fertilizers for yield and quality traits during 2014 at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan. The treatments comprised on the combination of chemical fertilizers (No chemical fertilizer, half recommended dose of fertilizer and full recommended dose of chemical fertilizer) and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) (No PGPR, PGPR-1, PGPR-2 and PGPR-1 + PGPR-2...
Zia Ur Rahman1*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Hidayat Ur Rahman1, Fida Mohammad1, Mian Ahmad Raza1 and Ijaz Ahmad Khan2
...ng with two check cultivars against bacterial leaf blight disease at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar-Pakistan during 2011 rice crop growing season. On artificial inoculation with Xanthomonas oryzae pv. Oryzae, the fundamental agent of bacterial leaf blight, most of the studied rice accessions and the two commercial rice cultivars displayed susceptible reactions. Seven rice accessio...
Muhammad Qadir Ahmad¹*, Farheen Ashraf Raza¹, Abdul Qayyum¹, Waqas Malik¹, Rao Wali Muhammad2, Muhammad Asif Saleem1, Amir Hamza2, Ahmad Baksh Mahar3
...analysis of variance. Pearson correlation analysis depicted significant positive association between NL and BW. SV also revealed positive association with SI. BW showed positive association with NLB, NS and SI. LA showed positive association with NL. Path coefficient analysis was utilized to partition the direct and indirect effects of different traits on BW. Path coefficient analysis revealed positive direct effect of NS on BW. Similarly, SI illustrated posit...
Abdus-Subhan1, Qudratullah Khan1, Muhammad Mansoor2, Muhammad Jamil Khan1, Ammanullah2, Matiullah Khan3
...S1 in both years of experiments. Statistics revealed that P had significant effect on tillers plant-1, weight of grain spike-1, grain yield and harvest index % (H.I. %). While (S) had significant effect on yield of grain, straw, biomass and H.I. Maximum grain yield and BCR was recorded in treatment combination of P2 × S1.It is concluded that use of 2-tille
Muhammad Khurshid1,2*, Muhammad Nafees1, Mehmet Somuncu2
...ent landless pastoralist’s marginalization in uplands of Naran. Extensive field surveys carried out during last three years (2013-2016) to understand crops encroachment process and its implications for pastoral resources. Land use-classes such as forest, agriculture, pastures and snow cover were recorded by means of Global Positioning System (GPS) and further processed to develop map...
Wazha Mugabe1,2, Lawrence Akanyang1, Mackenzie Nsinamwa1, Batanani Moatswi1, Naledi Matthews1, Kealeboga Dipheko1, Imtiaz Ahmed Ujjan3 and Assar Ali Shah2*
...the dry season. Thus understanding the dynamics on rangeland response to grazing could prove worthy in finding an equilibrium point for optimizing animal productivity, with limited range degradation. Therefore, the current study was aimed at determining and comparing fodder tree species composition along grazing gradient in fenced and unfenced grazing area in the Gaborone North Region. For each study area, two parallel transects measuring 1000 m radiating from...
Waqas Ahmed Dogar2, Arshad Ali Khan3*, Saeed Ahmed2, Sudheer Tariq2, Mukhtar Ahmad2, Muhammad Imran2, Muhammad Noman2 and Nadeem Khan1
...icultural Sciences, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Plants were grown at three planting distances as T1 (11 x 22ft), T2 (11 x 11ft) and T3 (22 x 22ft). T1 (11x22ft) was optimum plantation and showed best results for yield. Maximum fruit yield per plant (3.6373 kg) was observed from the same plants. T2 (11 x 11ft) was close plantation and had more total number of flowers per plant (441.58) and fruit length (58.243 mm), ...
Said Rawan1, Farzana bibi1, Nadeem Khan1*, Abdul Mateen Khattak1, Zahir shah3, Asif Iqbal2, Madeeha Alamzeb2, Saeed Ul Haq1, Abid Kamal3, Fawad Ali Shah2, Ahmad Naeem1 and Wajid Ali3
...f Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, during the year 2015. The research work was conducted in Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications and two factors i.e. guava varieties (Safeda and Karela) and storage intervals (0, 3, 6, and 9 days). The data was recorded onfirmness (kg/cm2), weight loss (%), moisture contents (%), taste, decay fruits (%) and total soluble solids (TSS). The ex...
Usman Shakoor1*, Mudassar Rashid1, Abdul Saboor2, Nabila Khurshid1, Zuhair Husnain2 and Abdul Rehman2
...and in the future is refers to climate change (CC). Besides other living being, crops are either benefited or adversely affected by these changes in the climate of an area. Maize is one of the widely grown crops in the world and even in Pakistan has also influenced in either way. Current study employed vector auto regression models (VAR) along with times series data from 1980 to 2013 for Pakistan to estimate the potential ef...
Zain-ul-Aabdin Abro1*, Naheed Baloch1, Niaz Hussain Khuhro2, Waseem Akbar Qazi2, Noor Abid Saeed3
... sites throughout the course of experiment. Moreover, significantly higher population densities of B. cucurbitae were observed during the 4th week of May on L. acutangula (339.4±22.59) and lowest (11.0±0.45) during1st week of January. Similarly, in case of M. charantia and L. siceraria statistically higher densities (334.6±22.76, 333.2±20.13) of B. cucurbitae was observed on 4th week of May and lowest (9.4±1.60, 7.6±1....
Mustafa Cengiz1*, Jama Hussein Ali2, H. Mehtap Kutlu2, Djanan Vejselova2 and Adnan Ayhanci3
...ies of biochemistry markers (serum alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP)). In contrast, in the groups given D-GaIN and EA, a decrease in the damage of the liver tissue, a significant decrease activated Bax and caspase-3-positive hepatocytes, while increase in the number of Bcl-2 positive hepatocytes, a decrease in the biochemistry markers levels were found. Group 4, given EA ...
Nirbhay Kushwaha, Achuit K Singh, Brotati Chattopadhyay and Supriya Chakraborty
Recent advances in geminivirus detection and future perspectives
...bviously become more diverse and improved, the challenges have also changed greatly.Detection of plant viruses is becoming more critical as globalization of trade,particularly in horticultural commodities increase. The potential effects of climate change have further aggravated the movement of viruses and their vectors, transforming the diagnostic landscape. Geminiviruses are a group of plant viruses characterized by circula...
M. B. Meah
Biopesticides for crop growth and crop protection
...tomato, chilli) in the nursery and leaf blight, anthracnose, fruit rot, root knot and leaf curl/mosaic of tomato and carrot in the field. Aqueous solution of garlic and allamanda tablet sprayed at 1:1, 1:2, 1:3, 1:3, 1:4, 1:5 conc. increased seed germination by 45-60%, completely eliminated damping-off, seedling blight and tip over and increased seedling vigour by 22-50%. The tablets retained the similar range of action over aging up to 90 days. Both garlic an...
Neerja Agrawal, Mukesh Srivastava, Akhilesh Tripathi and Amrendra Singh
Survey and monitoring of pests, parasites and predators of pulse crops in central and eastern Uttar Pradesh
...gralla gibbosa, jassid Amrsca bigutulta, termite Odontotermes spp, green bug Nezara viridula, tur podfly Melanogromyza obtusa, blue butterfly Lampides boeticus, cow bug Tricentrus bicolor and Pentatomorpha bug were recorded while on lentil crop, black aphid,Aphis craccivora was recorded as major pest and H. armigera and cut worm Agrotis ipsilon as minor pests. 20 insect pests and a total number of 16 parasites and predators ...
Sitansu Pan, Surojit Khalko and Amrita Das
Effect of some fungicides on seed mycoflora, germination, viability and their persistence in treated seeds
...ed viability and their persistence in treated seeds of mungbean, mustard and rice was studied in vitro. The highest appearance of pathogens viz.,Alternaria alternata was recorded in seeds of mungbean (Phaseolus aureus Roxb.), A. brassicae in mustard (Brassica campestris L.) and Drechslera oryzae in rice (Oryza sativa L.). Propineb 70WP and prochloraz 45EC considerably reduced the appearance of A. alternata and flusilazole 40EC reduced Fusarium sp.in mungbean s...
A. K.Bhattacherjee and B. K. Pandey
Dissipation of carbendazim in mango after pre- and post-harvest treatments
...espectively, following first order rate kinetics. The corresponding values in fruit pulp after 12 days were 0.57 and 1.26 mg kg . In another experiment, cold water dip treatment in carbendazim solution @0.05 and 0.1 percent was given for 10 min to a separate lot of fruit having no pre harvest spray. Dissipation of carbendazim in whole fruit again followed first order rate kinetics with 0.92 and 2.06 mg kg of the fungicide re...
Wajid Hasan1 and C. P. Singh2
Relationship between the population of mustard aphid,Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) and weather parameters on different cultivars of Indian mustard ( Brassica juncea L.)
...Centre of G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology,Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand to investigate the population dynamics of the mustard aphid,Lipaphis erysimi Kalt. on different 42 cultivars of Indian mustard (B. juncea). The results revealed that the population of L. erysimi exhibited negative correlation with maximum and minimum temperature,rainfall, wind velocity, evaporation and positive with afternoon an...
M.K. Pandit,P. K. Pal and B. K. Das
Effect of date of sowing on flowering and incidence and damage of melon fruit fly in snap melon Cucumis melo var.momordica genotypes
...bservations on days to first male and female flowers, node number of first male and female flowers, total number of fruits and number of melon fruit-fly [Bactrocera cucurbitae (Coquillett),Diptera: Tephritidae] infected fruits were recorded.Snap melon being a monoecious and warmth loving crop, tends to bear increasing number of female flowe
M. D. Maji, N.K.Das, S. Chatterjee, A. Ghosh and A.K. Bajpai
Forecasting models of bacterial leaf spot disease of mulberry for Birbhum district of West Bengal
...ases in mulberry at farmers field in Birbhum district.BLS incidence appeared in May and continued up to November. The correlation coefficient between disease severity and meteorological parameters revealed that BLS disease severity showed significant positive correlation with max & min temperatures, min relative humidity, rainfall and number of rainy days. Step down multiple regression analysis revealed that the forecast...
1N. Johnson Singh, 2Amitava Konar and 3Palash Mondal
Incidence of aphids in different traps on potato in Gangetic plains of West Bengal
...icky trap. Aphids were first observed in traps during third week of December and the population of pests gradually increased to reach the peak in second week of February in the first year of study (2006-07) while in second year of study (2007-08) the aphid population appeared in second week of December and attained its peak by the end of February. The abiotic factors viz., temperature (max...
B. Ramanujam, R. D. Prasad, S. Sriram and R. Rangeswaran
Mass production, formulation, quality control and delivery of Trichoderma for plant disease management
...ot nematodes without adversely affecting beneficial microbes like Rhizobium and capable of promoting growth of certain crops. There are two major methods of inoculum production of Trichoderma spp. viz., solid state fermentation and liquid state fermentation. In solid fermentation, the fungus is grown on various cereal grains, agricultural wastes and byproducts. The solid state production is highly labour intensive and fit for cottage industry. These products a...
1S. A. Khan and 2S. Jha
Effect of dates of sowing, moisture regimes, varieties and weather factors on incidences of aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) in rape and mustard
...redisposing abiotic factors, has been widely reported as the most noxious insect pest limiting production of rape and mustard. Field experiment was carried out with 3 varieties of rape and mustard, 6 dates of sowing and 2 moisture regimes to understand aphid population dynamics during different phases of growth of rainfed vis-à-vis irrigated rape and mustard crops, and work out relationships between aphid population a...
1Parvin Noor and 2Md. Nashir Uddin
Morphological changes of different castes of the subterranean termites (Odontotermes proformosanus) in fungus combs of termitophiles
...ly of termites. The workers of the subfamily Macrotermitinae have the extra-ordinary phenomena of making fungus combs inside the termitophiles. Considering the consistency of fungus-bed in the termitophiles, an attempt has been made to observe the morphological changes of nymphs while they stayed within the fungus comb. Biological attributes indicated that Odontotermes proformosanus are polymorphic in nature and have exopterygote post-metamorphic development. ...
1Bikash Ranjan Ray and 2Mrinal Kanti Dasgupta
Management of root holoparasite Aeginetia pedunculata of (Orobanchaceae), causing wilt of sugarcane by trap and catch crops
...districts of Nadia and Murshidabad in West Bengal. It spreads through water-and soil-borne seeds. With the objective of developing location-specific integrated management schedule of the parasite, crops, other than sugarcane, grown in the target area were evaluated for their potential as trap and catch crops of the parasite. Twelve crops, selected on the basis of germination induction test of A. pedunculata seeds on root exudates as compared to that of three g...
A. K. Chaubey and Satyandra Kumar
Bio-management of root knot nematode and root rot disease by antagonistic fungi and rhizobacteria
...m oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici on tomato in laboratory and pot culture experiment. All the isolates were isolated by serial dilution and cultured in liquid protein supplemented broth medium and culture filtrates (CF) were prepared. In in-vitro test single eggmasses of uniform size were kept in 5ml CF in 5cm diameter Petri plates. Antifungal activity was tested by dual culture of wilt fungus with antagonist fungus and bacteria isolates in PDA media plates. In i...
K.N. Ahmed and M.R. Hasan
Sudden outbreak of mealy bug and armoured scale causing severe damage to economic crops in Bangladesh
...gs which hatch in few hours. The life cycle is completed in about 40 days. The small and big black ants tend F. virgata and they keep other insects including hymenopteran parasites away from the mealy bug. The cottony cushion scale, Icerya purchasi Mask. (Homoptera: Margarodidae) is a soft-bodied mealy bug infesting guava leaves all over Bangladesh. It is reddish-brown and lays up to 600-700 eggs during her lifetime. The life cycle is completed within 46-240 d...
Sitansu Pan and N. K. Mishra
Epidemiological studies on some diseases of guava (Psidium guajava L.)
...The role of weather factors, such as temperature, total rainfall, number of rainy days and relative humidity on the development of diseases like canker (Pestalotia psidii), anthracnose and die back (Colletotrichum gloeosporioides), stem canker and dry fruit rot (Botryodiplodia theobromae) and Phytophtora fruit rot (Phytophthora nicotianae var parasitica) of guava were analysed for predictive purpose from regression equations. The simple correlation coefficient...
Bijan Kumar Das
Incidence of Aleurocanthus spp. (Aleyrodidae: Hemiptera) on betelvine (Piper betle L.) and their interaction with host plants
...of some betelvine cultivars to A. rugosa was evaluated in the boroja with different varietal collections from different parts of India. None of the entries under the purview was completely free from infestation. A few cultivars [CARI- 2 (AN), CARI-6(AN) and Bilhari] exhibited moderate resistant reaction against A. rugosa. Awani Pan (Piper hamiltonii) exhibited resistance against A. rugosa. Keywords: Betelvine, Piper betle, A...
S. Subharani, S. S. Thorat, N. Abem, L. Amit Kumar and T. K. Singh
A database on parasitoid of insect pests of crops in Manipur, India
...t, morphological characters, geographical distribution, period of activity, parasitoid behavior and its biology etc. Image of the parasitoid species are also provided for helping in easy identification of the species. Keywords: Database, insect-pest, parasitoids, Manipur
...
...
S. K. Dutta, S. Roy Chowdhuri, D. Pandit and A. K. Bajpai
Rot diseases of muga host, Som (Persea bombycina) in Assam, India
...v align="justify">Som (Persea bombycina, King. ex Hook. f. Kost.), the primary food plant of muga silkworm, (Antheraea assamensis Helfer) growing mainly in North Eastern region and Uttaranchal State in India. India is unique in producing the golden muga silk and has monopoly in global silk market grows up to 20-25 meters and survives for 18-20 years. Pollarding of Som plant at 6 ft height ...
Basudeb Dasgupta, Partha Dutta and Srikanta Das
Biological control of foot rot of betelvine (Piper betle L.) caused by Phytophthora parasitica Dastur
... over two consecutive years to study the impact of incidence of foot rot of betelvine caused by Phytophthora parasitica and growth, yield, and keeping quality by applying two bioagents, viz., P. fluorescens and Trichoderma harzianum. P. fluorescens inoculated in 500 kg oil cake ha-1 was applied once at pre-monsoon, twice during pre- and post- monsoon and four times at quarterly intervals. T. harzianum inoculated in 500 kg oil cake ha-1was applied at quarterly ...
Amitava Konar, Palash Mondal and N. Johnson Singh
Occurrence of potato pests in different dates of planting in Gangetic plains of West Bengal, India
...t for two consecutive years, 2006-07 and 2007-08 at Adisaptagram Block Seed Farm, Hooghly, West Bengal, India. Kufri Chandramukhi was planted in five dates of planting starting from 3rd week of November with one week interval upto 3rd week of December with a spacing of 60×20 cm. The trial was laid in Randomized Block Design (RBD) with four replications. The recommended practices for raising the crop in the field was maintained except the application of i...
K.N. Ahmed , M.A. Al-Helal, N-E-P. Khanom, S. Bulbul
Control strategies of papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Willink infesting vegetable crops in Bangladesh
...the veins and later disperse to the unripe fruits rendering them unmarketable and inedible. The damage appeared to be in the range between 70 and 95 per cent. Generally young plants die due to heavy infestation and colony formation of the mealybug. P. marginatus is a polyphagous pest attacking several agricultural, horticultural crops, ornamental plants and weeds of economic value. The papaya mealybug feeds on the sap of the plants by inserting its stylets int...
P. Barma and S. Jha
Biology, seasonal activity of fruit fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae Coq.) on pointed gourd (Trichosanthes dioica Roxb.) and weather relations
...n third week of May to first week of June during all the three years of study (i.e. 2007-08, 2008-09, 2009-10). Studies on biology showed that the incubation, larval, pupal and adult longevity periods were 2 to 5 days, 5 to 7 days, 6 to 9 days, 37 to 41 days in June-July and 4 to 6 days, 16 to 19 days, 17 to 21 days, 23 to 32 days in August-October, respectively. Correlation with individual weather facto
Nilesh Suresh Gole and Bijan Kumar Das
Biology of Dichromia sagitta (Fabricius) (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera), a serious pest of Indian ipecac, Tylophora indica
...ously on leaves and flowers causing extensive damage to T. indica during June and December. Eggs were laid singly or in batch of 2-3 on younger leaves (mostly on under surface) or on young shoot tips. Life cycle was completed in 41-46 days during January- February and 26-32 days during June-July. There were several overlapping generations in a year. Descriptions of different life stages have been made. Adaptive behaviour of D. sagitta and its interaction with ...
Sunita J. Magar and D.D. Nirmal
Effect of plant spacings and cultivars on spread of Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus (YVMV) disease
... cm and using two cultivars, i.e., cv. Parbhani Kranti and Local indicated that the first appearance of symptom was earlier in cv. Local and late in cv. Parbhani Kranti. The rate of infection was higher at 45 to 60 days after sowing in both kharif and summer while in cv. Local it was higher at 30 to 45 days after sowing. Less infection rate was observed at 30 to 45 days after sowing in closer plant spacing 30 x 30 cm in both...
SK Fashi Alam, Atanu Seni and Ajoy K Sahoo
Biology of the mealybug, Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Pseudococcidae: Hemiptera) on sprouted potato and brinjal plant
... and sprouted potato tubers in the laboratory. The female nymphs moulted three times for becoming adults while the male took four moultings. The female and male nymphs completed development in 14.45± 0.96 days and 19.53±1 days, respectively on brinjal plant at 20-36.2° C temperature and 15.1±1 days and 18±0.82 days respectively on sprouted potato. The ratio of the male: female were 1:1.75 and 1:1.87. The duration from nymphs to ...
Amitava Konar, Kiran A. More and Pradip Mondal
Efficacy of some insecticides against cutworm and molecricket of potato in West Bengal
...et. Yield of healthy tubers was recorded maximum (31.66 t ha -1) in T5 treatment succeeds by T6 than other treatments as well as control.
...
Amitava Konar, S. Paul and Kiran A. More
Efficacy of different insecticidal treatment schedules against aphid and whitefly on brinjal
...lus thuringiensis var. kurstaki at 50, 70 and 90 days after transplanting, respectively) and seedling treatment with imidacloprid before transplanting, succeeded by foliar spray with imidacloprid, novaluron, B. thuringiensis var. kurstaki and novaluron at 30, 50, 70 and 90 days after transplanting were most effective in reducing the aphid and whitefly population over control during both the years
A. Regupathy and R. Ayyasamy
Initiatives of papain industry by private-public-farmer link-ages in classical biocontrol program for papaya mealybug in Tamil Nadu
...by many progressive farmers in Tamil Nadu and facilitated by Senthil Papain and Food Products Ltd (SPFP), Coimbatore since 2004. The onslaught by the new invasive mealybug (PMB)-Paracoccus marginatus Williams and Granara de Willink) in 2006 caused major concern in papain production. The need for repeated application of insecticides and dearth of labour for application of insecticides made it difficult for the farmers to main...
P.S. Ajith, K.K. Lakshmesha, S. Mahadev Murthy and N. Lakshmidevi
Botanicals for control of anthracnose of bell peppers
...ose disease in bell peppers (Capsicum frutescence L.). The results showed that all the selected plants have potential to inhibit the radial mycelial growth of C. capsici in-vitro. The plant extract from C. aromaticus at 50% concentration showed 42% radial mycelial growth inhibition in poisoned food technique, whereas 15% increased seed germination and 26% reduced disease incidence is recoded when compared to untreated control. In pot experiments, there is an i...
S.K. Sahoo
Incidence and management of mustard aphid (Lipaphis ery-simi Kaltenbach) in West Bengal
...carried out to assess it’s incidence and their management during the winter seasons of 2009-10, 2010-11 and 2011-12 at the Pulses and Oilseeds Research Station, Berhampore, West Bengal (India). The natural appearances of the aphid on the yellow sarson variety, Binoy (B-9) was observed from 52nd standard week, with the peak population on 6th standard week and the aphid disappeared after 10th standard week. Among the dif...
Md Riton Choudhury, Koushik Brahmachari, Sudeshna Kar and Rupayan Deb
Integration of weed management practices in rice-potato-groundnut cropping sequence
... carried out at ‘C’ Block Farm, Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, Nadia West Bengal in two consecutive years (2009-10 and 2010-11) to study the effect of different weed management measures (e.g. hand weeding, herbicides, mulching etc.) on the yield of crops in sequence and cost effectiveness of different weed control measures. Rice exhibited the maximum yield when treated with two hand weedings, but ...
M. A. Al-Helal, K. N. Ahmed, N-E-P. Khanom, and S. Bulbul
Observations on papaya mealybug, Paracoccus marginatus Williams & Willink (Hemiptera : Pseudococcidae) damag-ing some crops in Bangladesh
...ee and four nymphal instars occur in case of female and male mealybug, respectively. The adults are most active in warm, dry and humid weather. The male adult mealybugs possess two pairs of wings. Female have no wings and move by crawling short distances or by being blown in air currents. Female usually lays 100 to 600 eggs. Eggs are greenish-yellow in colour measuring 0.120 cm diameter and laid in an ovisac that 3-4 times t...
Goutam Mondal
Plant growth promoting activity of some indigenous Tricho-derma isolates and their field performance against sheath blight of rice in old alluvial zone of North Bengal
...ns L.) and tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) with culture filtrate of biocontrol agents and found both positive and negative effect on seed germination, plant growth and vigour. Maximum increase in germination by 13.64% (chilli), shoot length by 59.69% (tomato), root length by 84.51% (cauliflower) and biomass by 46.55% (cauliflower) were obtained by the isolate B16 followed by B14 and B13. However, the isolate, B18 showed negative result with maximum redu...
Biswajit Pramanick, Sruti Karmakar, Koushik Brahmachari, Rupayan Deb
An integration of weed management practices in potato un-der New Alluvial soil
...) for two consecutive years (2009-10; 2010-11) at ‘C’ Block farm of Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, Nadia, West Bengal. The experiment was laid out in RBD with nine treatments replicated thrice. The predominant weed flora in the experimental field of potato was Cyperus rotundas, Chenopodium album, Anagallis arvensis and Fumaria purviflora. The results revealed that the maximum tuber yield and retur...
M.A. Pendse, P.P. Karwande and M.N. Limaye
Past, present and future of nematophagous fungi as bio-agent to control plant parasitic nematodes
...hes done by various workers on the diversity, morphology ecology, physiology of nutrition, trap formation and mechanism of nematode capture as well as probable causes of death. The review traces the shift in the areas of research as well as ups and downs in the interest shown by the researchers. Guide lines for organized, coordinated research to i) screen different strains of NF that are t...
A.A. Oyerinde, P.Z. Chuwang, P.Z. and G.T. Oyerinde
Evaluation of the effects of climate change on increased in-cidence of cowpea pests in Nigeria
...profoundly affect insect’s population on essential crops. This study was conducted during the 2010 and 2011 cropping season at the University of Abuja Teaching and Research Farm (Nigeria) in order to determine the impacts of climate change on the population of insects associated with cowpea production in the region. The result showed an increase in the number of taxa encountered on the cowpea field from 21 to 31 orde
A. Sajeena and T. Marimuthu
Efficacy, stability and persistence of Ganosol, a Ganoderma based fungicide against plant pathogens
...ity of the formulation persisted up to seven days after spraying the formulation on rice plants. The formulation retained its 100% antifungal efficacy up to three months of storage. Surprisingly, spraying cowpea plants with the formulation as simultaneous spray reduced the number of lesions produced by Groundnut Bud Necrosis virus in cowpea by 88.39% when compared to the inoculated control, suggesting the antiviral potential of the formulation.
Dipak Mandal, Paramita Bhowmik, Pronobesh Halder and M. L. Chatterjee
Determination of relative toxicity and base line data of dif-ferent insecticides against cotton mealybug (Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley)
...ctive method after 24 hours when compared to the standard check flonicamid 50 WG. Based on the LC50 values (ppm) and relative toxicity, the descending order of toxicity was chlorpyriphos 20 EC (226) > dichlorvos 75 EC (282) > triazophos 40 EC (369) > spinosad 45 SC (630) > endosulfan 75 EC (950) through treated food untreated insect method and chlorpyriphos 20 EC (113) > triazophos 40 EC (217) > dichlorvos 75 EC (237) > endosulfan 75 EC (2...
D. C. Khatua, B. Mondal and G. Saha
Bioassay of some agricultural chemicals, human drugs and disinfectants on Phytophthora melonis Katsura causing fruit and vine rot of pointed gourd
...te (CuSO4, 5H2O) had adverse effect on mycelial growth and sporangia formation. Potassium permanganate (KMnO4), Savlon, Dettol and tinidazole were not good inhibitor for P. melonis. Sporangia did not form in water containing 0.0125g/L chloroquin phosphate - an antiprotozoal drug. ...
D.K. Hazra, Megha Pant, S.K. Raza and P. K. Patanjali
Formulation technology: key parameters for food safety with respect to agrochemicals use in crop protection
...otential, long term, adverse health effects. Pesticides in developing countries in Asia and Pacific region are mainly available as dust, wettable powder, emulsifiable concentrates, solutions, etc. These types of formulations are regarded now as ?conventional‘, ?old technology‘ or ?classical‘ or ?traditional‘ because of their increased in dose rate or repeated applications to get desired bioefficacy which lead to accumulation of pesticid...
Lakshman Chandra Patel and Chandan Kumar Mondal
Management of causal agents of chilli leaf curl complex through bio-friendly approaches
...ndarban Islands that occurs primarily due to attack of thrips, yellow mites and white fly followed by invasion of chilli leaf curl virus. An attempt was made to find out the cost effec-tive management schedule to minimize the crop loss. Seven treatments were taken up for study including two chemicals i.e. profenophos and diafenthiuron, three ecofriendly approaches i.e. garlic extract, spirit and alternate use of garlic with spirit, one predator insect Chrysope...
Dharmishthabahen R. Shah and Abhishek Shukla
Reaction of gerbera cultivars to spider mite, Tetranychus urti-cae Koch (Tetranychidae: Acari) under polyhouse conditions
...fy;">Five gerbera cultivars were screened for their reaction against spider mite, Tetranychus urticae Koch under the polyhouse conditions. Results showed that the gerbera cultivar Cherany was highly tolerant with lowest mite popu-lation (1.62mites/plant) whereas Venezia and Fana were tolerant to spider mite with 7.72 and 9.67 mites per plant, respectively. The gerbera cultivar C. F. Gold (13.31 mites/plant) and Stanza (15.56 mites/plant) were medium tol-erant ...
Dinesh Kachhawa and Sahidur Rahman
Factors influencing incidence of red spider mite of tea, Oligonychus coffeae (Nietner) in Assam
...a on meteorological factors viz., temperature (maximum and minimum), relative humidity, total rainfall and bright sunshine hours were collected for the entire period of study from the Department of Agrometeorology, AAU, Jorhat.The incidence of red spider mite, Oligonychus coffeae on tea leaves was maximum during month of April to May-June and September-October (2011). The minimum number of mites was recorded from July- Augus...
Shams Ur Rehman, Muhammad Arif and Abdul Mateen
Soil-borne viruses in major potato growing areas of Pakistan
... collected from the farmers field at Baffa (21.73%) of Hazara while (23.80%) in Kalam of Malakand division. The highest incidence of TRV based on ELISA in Hazara was found in Mangal 14.28% and in Malakand division the highest incidence was in Shangla Top 17.39%. Isolates of PMTV and TRV were characterized using biological and serological techniques. Biological characterization of the field isolates revealed that variability in the symptoms produced by them on ...
A. K. Ganguly and Uma Rao
Decades of researches in biochemical and molecular nematology at IARI
... Further, molecular markers like RAPDs, AFLP, SSRs and PCR–RFLP of rDNA have been employed to study the molecular genetic diversity in major root knot and cyst nematode species of India to assist the breeding program for developing resistant varieties and other purposes like regulatory and nematode diagnostics. Attempts have also been to made to understand the molecular signaling eve...
Anjan Bhattacharyya, Suhrid Ranjan Barik & Pritam Ganguly
New pesticide molecules, formulation technology and uses: Present status and future challenges
...d suspension, hollow fibers, monolithic matrix, laminated structures etc can avoid these problems. The prime motto for these developments is to give protection to the crops along with safety to the natural enemies of different pests as a whole safety to environment.
...
Goutam Samui and S. Jha
Biology, seasonal incidence and management of Apsylla cistellata Bucton. on mango in West Bengal
... district of Malda and Murshidabad, West Bengal. Adult females of the pest had been found to lay eggs at the sides of midribs during first week to end of March. Incubation period lasted from first week of March to middle of August. Eggs hatched in the middle of August and gall formation had been found to start from first week of September. Nymphal period...
Amitava Konar and N. Johnson Singh
Occurrence of aphids on various potato germplasms in eastern gangetic plains of West Bengal
...d for two consecutive years of 2003-04 and 2004-05 at Adisaptagram Block Seed Farm, Hoogly, West Bengal to find out the incidence pattern and population dynamics of aphids on various potato germplasms. The common potato germplasms viz Kufri Chandramukhi, Kufri Jyoti, Kufri Jawhar along with three processing varieties like Kufri Chipsona-1, Kufri Chipsona-2 and Atlantic were screened against aphids. Potato seed tuber was planted by end of November following all...
Dhananjoy Mandal
Eco-friendly management of mealybug and wilt in pineapple
...reatments were: T1 [Farmers’ practice: phorate 10 G @ 20 kgha-1 during planting + monocrotophos 36% EC @ 0.03% at 100 DAP + endosulfan 35% EC @ 0.02% during 150-180 DAP]; T2 [Treating planting materials (basal portion) with monocrotophos 36% EC @ 0.02% + phorate 10 G @ 15 kg ha-1at 100 DAP + Neem oil 1500 ppm spray @ 2.5 m/L-1 at 150 DAP]; T3 [Treating planting materials (basal portion) with monocrotophos 36% EC @ 0.02...
Dhananjoy Mandal 2K. Baral 3M. K. Dasgupta
Developing site-specific appropriate precision agriculture
... with withdrawal. We understand Appropriate PA (Appropriate Precision Agriculture, APA) as Site-Specific Appropriate Precision Agriculture (SSAPA) applied to cropping system management with geoinformatics and agriinformatics as may be available of land, soil, including its nutrient content and availability of requisite water, meteorology, agrometeorology and forecasting inputs and outputs by marketing, production, protection and processing, and other essential...
T. P. Ghosh, D. Mandal, S. Laha and M. K. Dasgupta
Dynamics and severity model in managing fungal diseases
...mentals in gardens and nurseries at Bolpur, Santiniketan and Sriniketan of Birbhum District, West Bengal, India, to study the fungal diseases of some commercial ornamentals. The leaf spot of Ficus religiosa (c.o. Alternaria sp.) is the first record. Fifteen fungal diseases have been formally described from West Bengal for the first time on these twelve ornamentals. Monthly dynamics was det...
K. K. Hegde and B. S. Nandihalli
Bioefficacy of some indigenous products in the management of okra fruit borers
...l Research Station, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad to evaluate the bioefficacy of some indigenous products against okra fruit borers, Earias vittella Fabricius and Helicoverpa armigera Hubner. Different indigenous products like NSKE (5%), GCKE, sweet flag extract (5%), garlic extract (5%), cow dung (10%) and cow urine (10%) were tried individually and in combinations along with endosulfan (0.07%) and untreated ...
Shrinivas Mudigoudra and Shekharappa
Evaluation of plant products aganist sorghum shoot fly, Atherigona soccata Rondani
...ring Kharif 2005 at University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. The different plant products used in the study were, Vitex negundo, NSKE, Adathoda vesica, Pongamia glabra, Vinca rosea, Butea monosperma, Aloevera @ 5% concentration and were compared with carbofuran 3 G @ 30 kg. ha-1 to know its efficacy on shoot fly in sorghum ecosystem. The results clearly indicated that NSKE (5%) recorded less eggs of shoot fly (0.40egg/plant), per cent dead heart (14.97%) ...
Shekharappa
Biological control of earhead caterpillar, Helicoverpea armigera Hubner in sorghum
...orghum ecosystem of University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad. The mycoinsecticide N. rileyi was highly infective at both the dosages 1x108 conidia per litre & 2x108 conidia per litre against H. armigera as compared to Ha NPV 250 LE per hectare and chemical control in mitigating the pest population as well as in obtaining the higher yield.
...
Sujoy Mondal and S. S. Ghatak
Bioefficacy of some indigenous plant extracts against epilachna beetle (Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata Fabr.) infesting cucumber
...ucted on ‘Barapata’ variety of cucumber in a replicated Randomized Block Design at Viswavidyalaya Instructional Farm during 2004–05 to find out the impact of plant derived pesticides viz; Neem Azal, Rhizome extracts of Acorus calamus with petroleum ether as solvent and seed extracts of Annona squamosa with methanol as solvent in controlling epilachna beetle, Henosepilachna vigintioctopunctata, Fabr; Both Neem Azal and seed extracts of Annona ...
Manidipa Chowdhury
Incidence of saw fly, Athalia lugens proxima Klug. as influenced by level of irrigation and fertilizers on mustard
... irrigation and fertilizers on mustard c.v. NC-1 (Jhumka) of Brassica campestris var. yellow sarson. Highest saw fly population (0.26 larvae/plant) was recorded on the crop grown without irrigation and medium level of fertilizers (60:30:30 Kg NPK ha-1) while lowest population level (0.10 larvae/plant) was observed at highest level of irrigation (three) coupled with medium level of fertiliz...
S. Choudhury and S. Pal
Population dynamics of mustard aphid on different Brassica cultivars under terai agro-ecological conditions of West Bengal
... rapeseed-mustard cultivars. The incidence of aphid commenced from 52nd to 2nd standard week with a very low population levels on all the cultivars. The aphid (Lipaphis erysimi) population attained peak level from 7th to 9th standard week. The correlation coefficients between aphid population and different abiotic factors revealed contradictory results. Except for a few instances the weath...
N. Mandi and A. K. Senapati
Integration of chemical botanical and microbial insecticides for control of thrips, Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood infesting chilli
...t thrips (Scirtothrips dorsalis Hood) infesting chilli (Capsicum frutescens). The effectiveness of four insecticides acetamiprid 0.004% (Dhanpreet – 20% SP), thiamethoxam 0.005% (Avant-25% WG), neem pesticide 0.4% (ultineem 1% W/W) and Bacillus thuringiensis, subsp. kurstaki (BT) at gL-1 was evaluated in the field of Coastal Saline Zone of West Bengal against thrips. It is evident from the result of present investigati...
S. Pal and I. Sarkar
Pests infesting ornamental plants in hilly region of West Bengal
...ntal plants viz. Myzus persicae on Carnation, gerbera and Anthurium; Macrosiphoniella sanborni on Chrysanthemum; Aphis gossypii on China rose. Other sucking pests infesting ornamentals included Bemisia tabaci on Gerbera, leafhopper on Gladiolus and scale insect (unspecified) on Anthurium. Amongst the thysanopteran pests Taeniothrips simplex was very much serious on Gladiolus and another species of thrips (unspecified) was found infesting Carnation. Amongst the...
Bao-Ming Ge* Dai-Zhen Zhang, Qiu-Ning Liu, Sen-Hao Jiang, Jun Cui, Chun-Lin Zhou and Bo-Ping Tang
...tion was found by Taylor’s power law and Iowa’s patchiness regression methods in each season (P< 0.001). The abundances were markedly affected by habitat type (F5,120 = 49.409, P < 0.001) and season (F3,120 = 13.577, P < 0.001), however, there was no significant interaction of habitat type and season (F15,120 = 0.529, P = 0.919). The abundances distribution was significan...
Beenish Zahid1,*, Asim Aslam2, Zafar Iqbal Chaudhry2 and Raheela Akhtar2
...genic field infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV). The Bursa of fabricius was collected from poultry flocks of Punjab Pakistan for isolation of IBD virus by inoculating in embryonated chicken eggs through chorioallantoic membrane. The two hundred birds were divided into 4 groups A, B, C and D). The birds in group A were commercial broiler chicks having maternal derived antibodies and were challenged with IBDV field isolate ...
Muhammad Mansoor, Zaigham Abbas and Nageen Husssain*
... that environmental factors trigger the disease in genetically sensitive individuals. Gluten, a protein fraction commonly found in wheat grains, associated with food related disorders and a number of autoimmune diseases. We hypothesized that gluten containing diet would further exacerbate an already undergoing arbitrary immune reaction in SLE patients. Pristane was injected in female BALB/c mice to induce the disease. After ...
Jakub Jan Skorupski
...e sequenced, including 5’-UTR and all exons and introns. The study involved 389 animals. The sequencing results revealed the presence of 5 exons (10 bp, 161 bp, 117 bp, 162 bp, 201 bp) and 4 introns (245 bp, 171 bp, 176 bp, 290 bp), with a total length of 1745 bp. Fourteen polymorphic variable sites were identified: 12 SNP substitutions, one single nucleotide deletion and one ins/del polymorphism. The assessment of informativeness and conclusiveness of t...
Nasreen Memon1,*, Rukhsana Parveen2 and Imtiaz Ahmad2, Nadir Ali Shah3
... Illustrations include dorsal view, scent gland apparatus, external and internal male and female genitalia. A key of nine species is also given.
...
Sadia Munir1a, Asif Nadeem1a*, Maryam Javed1, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Tanveer Hussain2, Wasim Shehzad1, Rajput Zahid Iqbal3 and Sidra Manzoor1
...ed using six set of primers. A total 15 polymorphisms; 12 in intronic and 3 in exonic region, were identified. The sequences of the amplified Pit1 gene fragments were aligned with the help of BLAST for SNPs identification. This is a first report toward genetic screening of this gene at molecular level in Sahiwal cattle of Pakistan. No work has been reported on this gene in Sahiwal cattle. In this study, a new set of s...
Sohail Ahmed, Muhammad Arshad and Babar Hassan*
...were exposed to termites’ for a period of 4 weeks in the field. Weight loss before and after resin treatment was indicative of effectiveness. Highest concentration of all resins significantly reduced the chances of termites’ infestation as compared to other concentrations by dipping application in contrast to coating method. Drying of woods prior to resin application was also effective in resisting termites&
Yasemin Bircan Yildirim* and Hediye Tugce Vurmay
... (Boops boops), horse mackerel (Trachurus mediterraneus), red mullet (Mullus barbatus), brushtooth lizardfish (Saurida undosquamis), grey mullet (Mugil cephalus), threadfin bream, (Nemipterus randalli), which were caught from the Iskenderun Bay at 6 different locations (local fishermen’s fish market) were evaluated. The Serratia spp., Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiell...
Ayesha Zahid,Ammara Muazzam, Sidra Mustafa, Saba Irshad*,Malik Siddique Mahmood and Rehman Shahzad
...2 of GJA8 and this tansversion altered exceedingly conserved glutamic acid to glutamine at site which was involved in coding of ASF1 like histone chaperone. Further presumption based on structural and functional analysis of mutated protein was anticipated by bioinformatics tools, which manifest mild changes in overall charge but altered post translational modifications in a way which might have a deleterious effect on ion channels anatomy and on the whole, pav...
Rauf Ahmad1, Karam Ahad2 and Aziz Ullah Shah3
...varieties of fine and coarse rice category, were tested for their performance against the respective standards. In hybrid category, 58% candidates milling quality found excellent or good (head rice yield– HRY 51-70%), 23% marginal (HRY 40 – 50%) and 18% below limit (< 40%). Physically, 60% samples were extra-long size, slender shape and coarse type. Nineteen percent samples were long or medium size but slender...
Mousa Keshavarz1*, Maryam Soyuf Jahromi2
...tify;">In the North of Persian Gulf region, sea urchins Echinometra mathaei are dominant in patches along the rocky coasts between the average low tide and a maximum depth of 5 m. In the current study, it was monitored monthly 217 individuals from Bandar Lengeh (26˚32ʹ28̋ N, 54˚52ʹ28̋ E; water depth: 0.5 to 1 m) during March to September, 2014. Their genders were obtained by dissection. T...
P.P. Ghosh*, C. Ghosh, B. Mahato, A. Chakraborty, S.K. Bhattacharya and M.K. Bhattacharjya
...of diseased plants (farmers’ practice). Results indicated all the management approaches under study performed significantly superior to farmers’ practice in terms of reduction in disease severity (32.8-43.6%), yield increase (20.9% - 26.8%) and benefit-cost ratio. Integrated approach was the best approach followed by prophylactic and curative...
1Sitesh Chatterjee, 1Chirasree Gangopadhyay and 2Santosh Kumar Roy
...use of smaller area of nursery that can be managed better way as compared to transplanted field. In the present study, chlorantraniliprole granule was applied both in seedbed and transplanted field along with spraying of some new generation insecticides like indoxacarb, flubendiamide, spinosad and chlorantraniliprole to test their efficacy against different rice insect-pests. The study found that whorl maggot can be managed properly in seedbed application with...
P.P. Ghosh*, A. Chakraborty, S.K. Bhattacharya, C. Ghosh, B. Mahato and M.K. Bhattacharjya
...duces are stored by farmers under homestead condition for the purpose of consumption and seed for the next year sowing. Callosobruchus sp.(Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) is the major stored grain pest of blackgram under homestead condition resulting 15 – 30% grain damage during storage. An attempt was made to identify a practical and low cost solution of such damage with the active participation of village women responsible for the storage. Proven bio...
Mohammed M. Ibrahim1,2*, Y.S. Chandel1 and Anil3
...;">A total of 17 characters were taken for morphometric studies on Apis mellifera L. and samples were collected from four locations representing two different agro-climatic zones of Himachal Pradesh during 2012. The findings revealed that the significant differences were observed between the populations for all characters except abdomen length, fore wing width and length of trochanter and tibia. Overall, the mean of p...
Obaidullah1, Zafar Ali Shah1* and Sami Ullah2
...ature 40 °C for 3 hours. Whereas, copper-Lapachol nanoparticle synthesis was performed by treating 1 mM copper acetate tetrahydrate (Cu (CH3COO)2. 4H2O) with 1 mM solution of Lapachol at pH of 7.8 having temperature 40°C for 5 hours. Both newly formulated silver and copper nanoparticles were characterized using UV-visible, FT-IR spectroscopic techniques followed by SEM evaluation. The UV spectrum confirmed peaks at 4...
Mahmoud Said1*, Abd El Satar Arafa1, Mohammed A. Rohaim2* and Hussein A. Hussein2
...or these viruses. To understand the interference of maternal derived immunity impact of maternal derived immunity interference in vaccination regimen in poultry, a total of one hundred day old commercial broiler chicks were vaccinated with LaSota. A group of chicks (n=40) were immunized using baculovirus (H5 and ND) inactivated vaccine via subcutaneous route. Birds (n=20) were then either challenged with 106 EID50 using Egyptian avian influenza H5N1 and Newcas...
Süleyman Kök*
... raised by the smallholders (79 cattle) in the villages. According to the estimated average heterozygosity values for ex-situ breeding program and smallholders in the villages, the difference between the cattle were found meaningful (P<0.05). The observed average heterozygosity (Ho) value was calculated as 0.4077±0.1922, while the expected heterozygosity (He) value was found 0.39...
Mehmet Avci1, Recep Aydin1,* and Jale Metin Kiyici2
...rms on growth, feed conversion and behavioral characteristics of Brown Swiss calves. The calves in treatment group were supplied with mixed ration of chopped roughage (5-7 cm) and concentrate calf starter feed and the calves in control group were supplied with natural roughage and concentrate feed separately. The calves were supplied with milk at about 8% of their birth weights and weaned at 49th day. Mixed chopped and separate natural supply of rou...
Baohua Chen1,2, Wenzhu Peng3, Jian Xu2, Jingyan Feng1,2, Chuanju Dong1,2 and Peng Xu2,3,*
...comprise a large and diverse family of enzymes with a wide phylogenetic distribution. They are multifunctional enzymes that play a crucial role in cellular detoxification and oxidative stress tolerance. Comparing with that in mammals, investigation of GSTs is more complicated in teleosts because of the greater pressure they suffer in aquatic environment. In this study, we identified a set of 27 GSTs including 8 classes of members
Erol Akkuzu1,*, Hidayet Güzel2 and Özkan Evcin1
... biotic and abiotic factors influence the population dynamics and severity of damage in a forest. This study investigated the effects of stand composition and site index of pine forests on Ips sexdentatus (Boerner) populations. Two main objectives of this study were a) to compare the effects of two different black pine stands of site index-I (high site productivity) and site index-III (low site productivity) and b) to compare the pure and mixed pine for...
Naimat Ullah Khan1,2, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Nisar Ahmad3, Ayesha Hassan1, Sultan Ayaz2, Sajid Umar4, Muhammad Luqman Sohail5,*, Muhammad Shafee6, Ikramullah Khan7, Mumtaz Ali Khan1, Azmat Ullah Khan8, Naimat Ullah Malik1 and Abdul Razzaq9
...ildren of less than 5 years of age (21.40%) and lowest in children of 11-15 years of age (15.99%). Cryptosporidium was significantly higher (P<0.05) in study subjects having livestock animal contact and persistent diarrhea, highlighting its zoonotic potential from livestock animals to human beings in the study area. This is first study addressi...
Rafi Ullah1, Sarzamin Khan1,*, Abdul Hafeez1, Asad Sultan1, Nazir Ahmad Khan2, Naila Chand1 and Naseer Ahmad1
... carcass traits in broilers at finisher phase. Five isonitrogenous and isocaloric diets were uttered with the step-wise i.e. 0% (D1), 25% (D2), 50% (D3), 75% (D4) and 100% (D5) replacement of soybean meal with silkworm meal in commercial broiler rations. A total of 150 day-old broiler chicks (Ross 308) were randomly distributed into fifteen replicate groups (n=10), and consequently reared on five experimental diets according to a completely randomized d...
Viram Kumar1,*, Moolchand Malhi1, Saeed Ahmed Soomro1, Toufique Ahmed Qureshi2, Muhammad Nawaz Sanjrani3 and Khushal Das Malhi1
...erum biochemical parameters were determined to establish the reference values in the wild Indian blue peafowl (Pavo cristatus) of Thar (desert) region in the Sindh province of Pakistan. A total of 60 blood samples were collected from peafowl (30 males and 30 female) in months of March and April, 2015. The gender difference showed that RBC, MCV and MCH concentrations were significantly higher (P < 0.05) and the serum total protein and Mg concentration...
Wenqiao Hui1, Jishun Tang1, Dejian Zhu1, Qian Ban2* and Sheng Chen1*
... breed, with the characters of early time puberty onset and high fecundity. However, the molecular mechanism of puberty onset has not been well understood. It has been demonstrated leptin act as a critical metabolic cue linking adipose and the onset of puberty. In the present study, we first assessed the morphological changes in adipose tissue at pre-puberty and puberty onset stages of goa...
Muzammil Sattar
...l the biological parameters of F1 for mass rearing. The tested proteins were: Casein, Protein hydrolysate, Torula yeast and Nu lure. Al these proteins were tested in laboratory at four concentrations, i.e., 1, 3, 5 and 7 mg/ml in diet. Significantly higher fecundity 785.12±25.7, fertility 89.23±0.36 % of eggs and longer oviposition period 42.13±1.11 days were recorded in adults feeding on a diet containing Nu lure followe...
Ahmad Ali1,*, Sheikh Muhammad Azam2, Khalid Javed Iqbal1, Ghulam Mustafa1 and Mujahid Kaleem3
...012 to July 2014 (two years) on prescribe sheets. Data from June, 2003 to December, 2011 (nine years) were collected from zoo management. In two years study Tiger breed once and produce four cubs (female) while in nine years it breed three times; first three cubs (one male and two female), two and one cubs were produce...
Muhammad Ayaz1,*, Muhammad Athar Abbas2, Pervez3, Noorulain3, Yasir Amin1, Zubair Ali3, Naila Siddique2 and Khalid Naeem2
...yping was done using reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) procedure. Out of 600 examined locations twenty two (22) H9N2 subtypes isolates were recorded. The total prevalence recorded was 3.66%and out of 498 broiler operations yielded 17 (3.4%) positive isolates and 44 golden type native chicken farms yielded 05 (11.36%) isolates of AIV H9N2 and 58 captive pheasant&rs
Yun Wang1,*, Lei Guan1, Jiding Chen1, Yaping Kong1, Lang Si2 and Asif Shah3
...n Qinghai and Tibet. Understanding the overlapping impact of QTH and QTR on ungulates will facilitates locating the route selection parameters for the proposed upcoming expressway. Using the procedures of field investigation along QTH during months of May, August and December in 2014 and 2015, we recorded the occurrence frequency, number of ungulates, and the perpendicular distance between QTH and QTR. To improve the protect...
Nasar Khan1,2, Fahad Ali3,7, Sulaiman Bahadar5,*, Khalil ur Rahman3, Abdul Aziz3, Noor ul Akbar4, Muhammad Daud6, Azam Hayat5 and Mujaddad ur Rehman5
...age group of 31 to 40 years. HBV genome was detected in 79.21% of HBsAg positive samples, showing that HBsAg on ELISA is much more sensitive than PCR as HBV shows chronic conditions and both of the tests are needed against HBV.
...
Mutassim M. Abdelrahman1*,Ibrahim Alhidary1, Abdullah H. Alyemni2, Rifat U. Khan3, Abdel Raouf S. Bello4, Mohamed Y. Al-Saiady2 and Ramzi A. Amran1
...nsequently growing lambs’ health and productivity.
...
Javeria1, Masroor Ellahi Babar2,*, Tanveer Hussain2, Rashid Saif2, Sadaf Rashid3, Hanan Sarfraz4, Abbas Ali Shah3, Muhammad Wasim1 and Muhammad Abdullah1
...>A at position c.196 (rs6265) resulting in a nonsynonymous change from valine to methionine. We found only one homozygous and heterozygous carrier for this polymorphism. Healthy siblings of the carrier individuals and control group were screened and found as negative for this polymorphism. In-silico analysis through mutation taster, exon splicing enhancer and polyphin2 software predicted this polymorphism as a site broken and possibly damaging. These findin...
Sidra Manzoor1,Asif Nadeem1,*, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Wasim Shehzad1, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Muhammad Imran1, Tanveer Hussain2, Abdul Wajid1 and Maryam Javed1
...421762 (C>A) in the 3’-untranslated region (3’-UTR) of the gene. Association test was performed to analyze its relation with milk composition but it was found non-significant in all analyzed traits. So, it was inferred that it might be due to environmental or epigenetic effect, sampling number or a breed difference. To know the functional consequences of the identified polymorphism, RNA secondary structure ana...
Mehwish Faheem1,*, Saba Khaliq2 and Khalid Parvez Lone2
.../i> is the egg yolk precursor and used as a biomarker for estrogenic endocrine disruption. To elucidate the endocrine-disrupting effect of bisphenol-A, juvenile Catla catla was exposed to graded concentrations of bisphenol-A (10,100,1000μg/l) for 14 days. BPA exposure strongly elevates vtg mRNA level in fish exposed to 100μg/l but at 1000 μg/l exposure of BPA, vtg level decreased compared to 100µg/l exposed fish. These resul...
Azhar Abbas Khan1,*, Arif Muhammad Khan2 and Muhammad Afzal3
... host. An increased numbers of C. septempunctata was observed when host plants were added with aphids. But was no significant difference in most of the combinations except wheat with aphids (3.8889±0.4554). The fresh leaves of rose, citrus, brassica and wheat (1.2±0.2006, 1.3556±0.1416, 1.5778±0.1829, 2.1444±0.2027, respectively) attracted significantly more numbers of C. septempu...
Jianping Gou, Jianli Xiong*, Baoxia Dong, Zhennan Liu and Manman Hou
... reproduction, which favors females to produce more high-energy eggs.
...
Shahid Iqbal Khattak1*, Mohammad Safdar Baloch1, Khalid Naveed2 and Ejaz Ahmad Khan1
...ant height (89 cm), tillers m-2 (313), grains spike-1 (48), 1000-grain weight (43.0 g) and economic yield (3760 kg ha-1). Foliar applied nitrogen also produced higher nitrogen use efficiency, net return, value cost ratio and relative increase in income as compared to soil applied method. However, maximum grain protein content was recorded in soil applied method in comparison to foliar N application. In conclusion, higher results for all the quantitative parame...
Khurram Shahzad and Mohammad Akmal*
... Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar in 2015-16 in a randomized complete block (RCBD) design with four replications. Seedbed was prepared as recommended for wheat, planting was made with basic seeds (cv. Pakhtunkhwa) using seed drill in rows spaced 0.25 m equal distances. Recommended rates of phosphorus and potassium were applied yielding 90 and 60 kg ha-1respectively while the N-application rates (i.e. NAR 0, 100, 120, 140 and 160 kg ha-1) w...
Umer Wahid1, Shahid Ali2* and Nihal Ahmad Hadi3
...fficiency of tomato growers in Malakand district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A sample of 120 tomato growers was selected employing multistage sampling technique. An interview schedule was used for data collection during November-January, 2016. Maximum likelihood technique was used for the estimation of the Cobb-Douglas stochastic frontier production model. After running various econometrics software the output of the Fr...
Naveed Muhammad, Syed Attaullah Shah*, Abbas Ullah Jan, Irfan Ullah, Muhammad Ibrahim and Salman Khan
...ciency among tomato growers in Mohmand Agency, Pakistan. The study is based on primary data, collected through a well designed questionnaire from a sample of 115 tomato growers. A Cobb-Douglas type production model is used to estimate tomato yield and identify important factors affecting yield. Ordinary Least Square estimates for the model indicate that machinery, seed quantity, labor, num...
Muhammad Mansoor1, Amanullah1, Zafar Islam2*,Sher Muhammad3, Muhammad Umair4, Mehmood Ayaz5, Asghar Ali Khan6, Muhammad Asif2 and Ya Sakina3
Furukh Faiz1,2, Muhammad Issa Khan2, Masood Sadiq2 and Haq Nawaz3
...intake and the feed conversion ratio was observed weekly. After 42 day of the growth, the birds were slaughter with the Islamic Halal Method and the blood samples of the birds were preserved for antioxidant enzymes assay analysis. The data showed that as the citrus waste percentage in the feed of the broiler was increased, its feed intake and the body weight decreased but the citrus waste has non-significant effect on the feed convers<...
Oaj Khurshid1*, Naureen Aurangzeb1, Ayaz Khan1, Alia Naz1, Abdullah khan1, Sobia Nisa2 and Sehrish Sajawal3
...aterial. All valued factors in the compost samples were found to be within the acceptable limits set by international standard. The pH fluctuated between 7.5-8.1, moisture 35% and organic matter 43%, and has adequate quantity of plant nutrients C34%, N (0.06%), K (0.32%), P (0.004), Na (4.6%). The quality of compost could further be enhanced with the addition of yard waste or cow and poultry manure etc. For land reclamation or plant productions the use of comp...
Shah Saud Ahmad and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan*
...tudy was conducted in Charsadda district in the year 2016 to investigate the role of Farm Services Center (FSC) regarding empowerment of vegetable growers. Primary data were collected from 234 vegetable growers through well-structured interview schedule. Whereas secondary data were amassed from various published and unpublished sources. Results of the present study revealed that majority (...
Ayesha Ilyas1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan2,* and Abdul Qadir1,*
...rocera zonata (Saunders), at 2% concentration in a free choice bioassays. Acetone, chloroform, petroleum ether and ethanol were used for extraction from leaves. Amongst the various treatments applied, the acetone extract of D. alba showed the highest repellency of 84.14%, whereas, the lowest repellency of 10.73% was observed by the chloroform extract of T. peruviana. Significant ovipositional deterrent effects of the extracts applied have bee...
Hazrat Ali1,*, Wajid Ali1, Karim Ullah1, Fazle Akbar1, Sher Ahrar1, Irfan Ullah1, Irum Ahmad1, Ashfaq Ahmad1, Ikram Ilahi2 and Muhammad Anwar Sajad3
...atus, from three rivers of Malakand Division, Pakistan. Concentrations of Cu and Zn were determined in fish samples by atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Highest Cu concentration of 4.52 ± 0.24 mg kg−1 wet weight was observed in muscles of M. armatus at Chakdara on River Swat while highest Zn concentration of 18.00 ± 1.88 mg kg−1 wet weight was observed in muscles of S. plagiostomus at Daggar ...
Madiha Hashmi1, Abid Hussain1, Shafiq ur Rehman1, Farida Ahmed2, Shahbaz Aslam3,Nadeem Afzal4 and Zaigham Abbas1,*
...Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore during the study period expanded from August 2014 to February 2015 for the presence of HLA-DRB1*11 and HLA-DRB1*12 allele using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). While total level of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in all serum samples. This study indicated that the frequency of both alleles HLA-DRB1*11and HLA-DRB1*12 in aero allergy...
Aneela Qureshi1, Ammara Ainee1*, Muhammad Nadeem1, Masooma Munir1,2*, Tahir Mahmood Qureshi1, Saqib Jabbar2
...h is desirable by consumers was reduced but high fiber cake was dark colored, low in volume and with increased hardness. Treatment (T3) containing 5.6g grapefruit albedo powder shows significantly (p<0.05) higher sensory scores in term of color (8.02±0.50), flavor (8.04±0.29), taste (8.18±0.37), mouth feel (8.03±0.41) and overall acceptability (7.84±0.28) during 30 days of storage. It is concluded that grapefrui...
Huseyin Sasi1* and Gulcin G. Ozay2
...ign: justify;">For the first time, we investigate the aspect of bio-ecological of chub(Squalius cephalus L., 1758) in upper Akcay River (Buyuk Menderes Basin) including the age, growth, length-weight relationship and reproduction. The study was conducted in upper Akcay River between June 2012 and May 2013. Monthly data showed that native fish chub were aboundantly with other native fish (Acanthobrama mirabilis) in upper Akcay River. The age distr...
Wu Yi-qun* and Xu Xiu
...ythm of wintering behaviors of Great Bustard (Otis tarda) was studied with instantaneous-scanning method in the intersection area of the Yellow River, the Wei River and the Luo River located at the middle reaches of Yellow River basin of China. The results showed that standing accounts for 32.75 % of wintering behaviors for Great Bustard, followed by the feeding behavior (27.55 %) a...
Farah Ashfaq* and Tasnim Farasat
...stin with metabolic markers in obese Pakistani subjects. Anthropometric parameters including age, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, waist-hip ratio (WHR), diastolic and systolic blood pressure, lipid profile and fasting glucose, serum resistin and insulin of three hundred over weight, obese males and females, 17 to 30 years and 100 comparable control subjects were included. Serum...
Sogolo L. Lebelo1,* and Gerhard van der Horst2
...lusions and collagen fibers are also found in the cytoplasm of these cells. These cells are found associated with the spermatogonia type B, pachytene spermatocytes and Sertoli cells. The results from this study show that there are basic similarities in the Leydig cells of the vervet compared to other mammals, humans and nonhuman primates, however, there also seem to be species differences among the mammalian group. The association of these cells with developin...
Muhammad Imran Shabbir
...ong polygonal shapes covers all possible parental combinations and their genotypic and phenotypic outcomes in offspring. In this way, simple illustrations incorporate a considerable amount of information that provides the opportunity to determine genotype and phenotype probabilities for monogenic Mendelian traits without the need to draw Punnett square for every parental genotype combination. These illustrations provide information for both forward (phenotype ...
Noor Islam1, Muhammad Amjad2, Ehsan ul Haq3, Elizabeth Stephen1 and Falak Naz4
... acid also showed good persistence with over all mean percent mite mortality ranging from 64.37 to 84.33% up to fourth application of treatment. High mean value for honey yield (9.3 kg) was recorded by formic acid, followed by lemongrass (8.8 kg), thyme (8.5 kg), lemon (8.5 kg), basil (7.7 kg) and oregano (7.6 kg) per colony as compared with control colonies (3.8 kg) per colony.
...
Mazher Abbas1, Irfan Mahmood1*, Arshed Bashir1, Tahir Mehmood2, Khalid Mahmood1 and Zubair Ikram1
... to investigate the factors that can affect the adoption of recommended citrus production practices. A farm level survey was conducted in Sargodha and T.T. Singh districts to gather the information about the awareness and adoption of recommended production practices of citrus. The study sample was consisted of 140 respondents. The binary regression model has been used to evaluate the effect of different socio-economic variables on the adoption response of diff...
Dilshad Ahmad*, Muhammad Irfan Chani and Asad Afzal Humayon
...A) model. Sixty-seven years annual time series data from 1947-48 to 2013-14 was obtained to forecast major crops and per capita food availability for 21years from 2014-15 to 2034-2035. Findings of the study pointed out increasing trends; major crops area, production, and yield except the sugarcane crop as mentioned decreasing trend in sugarcane yield. Decreasing of sugarcane yield in forecasted period is reported to lack of ...
Predicting Honey Production using Data Mining and Artificial Neural Network Algorithms in Apiculture
Koksal Karadas1* and Ibrahim Hakki Kadırhanogullari2
...of determining some factors influencing average honey yield (AHY) per beehive in the year 2014. For this purpose, predictive performances of several data mining algorithms (CART, CHAID, Exhaustive CHAID and MARS) and artificial neural network algorithm (Multilayer Perceptron, MLP) were evaluated comparatively. Several factors thought as independent varia...
Hassen Allaya1,2,*, Abderraouf Ben Faleh1, Manel Rebaya1, Sonia Zrelli3, Abdallah Hattour2, Jean-Pierre Quignard4 and Monia Trabelsi1
... inhabiting Tunisian waters. Our investigation based on the analysis of morphological characteristics of Euthynnus alletteratus from two distant sampling sites (Mahdia and Zarzis) along the Tunisian coast using 11 morphometric and 3 meristic characters in order to investigate the morpholgical variation among them. Uni and Multivariate analysis of variance of 64 adult specimens showed significant differences among the ...
Aftab Wajid1, Ashfaq Ahmad1, Muhammad Awais2, Muhammad Habib-ur-Rahman3*, M. Aown Sammar Raza2, Usman Bashir2, Muhammad Naveed Arshad1, Sana Ullah4, Muhammad Irfan5 and Umair Gull1
...ability of cotton cultivars (CIM-496 and NIAB-111) in Cotton-Wheat cropping system of Punjab under arid climate of Multan and response of different nitrogen (N) increments (50, 100, 150 and 200 kg N ha-1) for efficient and effective resource (nitrogen) utilization. The study was conducted in Multan during cotton growing season in 2014. Cultivars as well as nitrogen increments significantly contributed to the related traits o...
Vladimir Avdalovic1, Marijana Vucinic2, Radmila Resanovic3, Jelena Avdalovic4, Danka Maslic-Strizak5 and Milos Vucicevic3*
...e-day-old Ross 308 broilers. One group of broilers was reared on chopped wheat straw (the particle length of straw ≥ 10 cm). The second group was kept on newly formulated pelleted wheat straw. The duration of the trial was 42 days. Moisture content in litter materials and FPD occurrence and severity were assessed weekly. First signs of FPD were observed in 21-day old chickens reared on ...
Niamatullah Khan1*, Najeeb Ullah2, Inam Ullah2 and Asif Imran Shah1
...fy;">Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.), the White Gold, plays a vital role in Pakistan’s economy. It is affected by variable environmental conditions throughout the country which confines its production. Two years field research was conducted at Cotton Research Station, Dera Ismail Khan to assess the impacts of six sowing dates on yield and yield attributing traits of seven cotton varie...
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...cultural Extension Officers (AEOs) plays a crucial character regarding agricultural and rural development of Pakistan through supervision and administration of agricultural activities. The current study was carried out to measure the level of competency of AEOs in skills regarding management of supervision and administration that is considered necessary in order to deal with farmers where a wide range of variations exists in...
Shuangye Wang1, Yunlin Zhao1, Zhenggang Xu1,2,*, Li Li3, Liang Wu1, Choucang Duan1 and Jiao Peng1
...own as Père David’s Deer, to their new environment, this study was designed to track and observe 16 Milu, which were released in the Dongting Lake wetland area from Jiangsu, from April 4 to May 12, 2016, using instantaneous scanning and recorded 486 observations. Nineteen types of behaviour were observed which were classified into nine categories: resting, feeding, moving, excreting, parental behaviour, embellishing, rutting, vigilance and social ...
Adnan Yousaf1,Jia Wu1, Qaiser Shakeel2, Yasir Iftikhar3, Muhammad Irfan Ullah4, Uzma Tahira5,Mustansar Mubeen1 and Wubei Dong1,*
...sistance of chili cultivars against Meloidogyne incognita and Sclerotium rolfsii and their integrated management by using derosol, cadusafos and Trichoderma harzianum in the green house at 25 ± 4ºC. Primarily, 15 chilies cultivars viz., 28-2010, C-72, Sanam, C-73, Gola Peshawari, 27-2010, Tata Puri, C-302, C-33, C-19, 5-2010, C-68, 11-2010, 18-2010 and 15-2010 were evaluated aga...
Wesam Hasan Mohamed Mady1*, Bing Liu2, Dong Huang2, Abdel Satar Arafa1, Mohamed Khalifa Hassan1, Mona Mehrez Aly1, Pucheng Chen2, Yongping Jiang2* and Hualan Chen2
...align: justify;">The incursion of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) strain H5N1 in 2006 in Egypt caused severe economic losses for both commercial and backyard poultry production sectors. Owing to public health risk, effective control of the virus in imperative. DNA vaccination is a promising new approach for the prevention and treatment of many viral diseases because of its ability to induce both humoral and c...
Yijin He1, Song Ma2, Bo Liu1,*, Ting Xue1, Qunlan Zhou1, Wu Jin1 and Kui Chen2,*
...cs analysis so as to understand the possible functions in response to chemical sensation behavior of taste receptors. The receptors when compared with T. rubripes, there was 99.2% identity in two kinds ORF sequences, with only 7 bases different, and there were 5 amino acids different between speculated fusion proteins. Under bioinformatics analysis, the T2R1 gene without intr...
Murad Ali1, Farmanullah Khan1, Wiqar Ahmad2* and Imran Khan1
...norganic sources is universally accepted agronomic practice for improved yield and soil properties. However, determination of a suitable dose from either source that could beneficially and easily combine to give maximum output still needs lots of research. The experiment was conducted during wheat season 2014-15 on a selected water eroded site in District Swabi. Fourteen treatments viz the control (T1), recommended dose (RD) (120:90:60 kg ha-1 N: P2O5: K2O. T2...
Muhammad Hanif1,*, Naureen Rana1, Muhammad Akbar Khan2, Muhammad Javed1 and Muhammad Sajjad Khan1
...omprises isolated premolars and molars. The identified species of hipparionines include Hipparion sp. small, Cormohipparion sp., Sivalhippus cf. nagriensis, and Sivalhippus cf. theobaldi. These specimens provide additional information about the recorded species and contribute to recent work of Perissodactyla from the Middle Siwalik Hills of Pakistan.
...
Ghulam Abbas1,Asif Nadeem1,*, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Tanveer Hussain2, Muhammad Sajid Tahir3, Wasim Shehzad1, Rajput Zahid Iqbal3, Muhammad Tayyab1 and Maryam Javed1
...ole in phylogeny and diversity analysis. In Pakistan hog deer (Axis porcinus) is an important wild species belongs to the family Cervidae. The hog deer is one of the least studied species at molecular level in Pakistan. The present study was planned to investigate its molecular phylogeny and diversity analysisusing mitochondrial cytochrome b, cytochrome c and d-loop region. Samples werecollected f...
Muhammad Ibrahim and Ahmad Khan*
...wth and development. Understanding the role of mulching techniques and nitrogen management in crop stand and phenological occurrence is not well understood. Therefore field studies were conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, the University of Agriculture Peshawar-Pakistan to quantify the effects of mulching techniques and nitrogen management on maize (Zea mays L) phenology and crop stand in ...
Ali Karabacak1, Senol Celik2, Adile Tatliyer3, Ismail Keskin1, Yakup Erdal Erturk4, Ecevit Eyduran5, Yasir Javed6 and Mohammad Masood Tariq7,*
... body measurements (withers height (WH), chest depth (CD), body length (BL), hearth girth (HG) and leg circumference (LC)) measured from five sheep breeds (Akkaraman (9), Dağlıç (10), Kivircik (10), Merinos (10) and Karacabey Merino (8)) reared in Konya province conditions located in the Central Anatolia Region of Turkey. For measuring the predictive performance of three algorithms in Models I and II, goodness of fit criteria (coefficient of d...
Muhammad Abid1*, Tahir Yaqub2, Arslan Mehboob3 and Muhammad Zubair Shabbir4
...e towards the better understanding of the genetic nature and evolutionary behavior of these viruses in the country....
Attaullah Khan1, Muhammad Shafi1*, Jehan Bakht2 and Shazma Anwar1
...riming on growth characters of Wheat varieties” was carried out at Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (IBGE), The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during winter 2013-2014. The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design (CRD) with three replications. The response of fourteen wheat varieties at two seed treatments (primed with 50 mM CaCl2 and un-primed) with four salinity levels (0, 45, 9...
Sania Shaheen1*, Hina Fatima2 and Muhammad Azeem Khan3
... Punjab. In last some years, the direct seeded rice system is introduced in some of the rice cropping districts of Pakistan. The current research estimate the technical efficiency of conventional and dry rice farmers and also determine the factors which significantly contribute to increase the rice output. Moreover, this study estimated the sources of inefficiency. Data collected from 300 ...
Rais Ahmed1,*, Khushi Muhammad1, Masood Rabbani1 and Muhammad Sarwar Khan2
...ther reproductive disorders in animals and human beings. In this project, prevalence and distribution of soil borne Brucella species in nine districts of Punjab including Lahore, Faisalabad, Sheikhupura, Sargodha, D.G. Khan, Chakwal, Sahiwal, Gujranwala and Attock were determined. By using grid based sampling strategy, soil samples (n= 1280) were collected from villages (n=256, 5 samples/village) of the nine districts. Brucella genus specific DNA...
Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,*, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Fatima Sellami3 and Muhammad Afzal1
...ra) are voracious predators of many insect pests of economic importance. Among 6,000 species of coccinellids described worldwide, only 75 species have been reported from Pakistan so far. Keeping in view the limited work on these important beetles, an extensive faunal survey was conducted in the district Sargodha (32°05’02’’ N and 72...
Muhammad Aslam Farooqi1,*, Mansoor-ul-Hasan2, Sohail Akhtar1, Muhammad Arshad2, Muhammad Naveed Aslam3 and Muhammad Rafay4
...l raw honey of Apis dorsata F. collected from the cotton belt area of Punjab, Pakistan. The residues of these insecticides were extracted using ethyl acetate. Honey samples were spiked at 0.1 and 0.01 mg/kg. The mean recoveries of these insecticides in the spiked samples were 74-92% with relative standard deviation less than 20%. The residues of imidacloprid, endosulfan and deltamethrin were detected with a range of 0.005-0.055 mg/kg while other insecti...
Wali Khan1, Naushad Khan2 and Shaista Naz2*
...mple size of 80 bee keepers was selected from the three tehsils of the agency (i.e; Khar, Salarzai, and Nawagai). The data were collected from the sampled bee keepers using a pretested questionnaire by face to face interview in 2014 production period. The collected data were analyzed using frequencies, percentages, descriptive statistics, rank orders and paired t-test. Findings revealed th...
Fareeda Tasneem1, Farah Rauf Shakoori1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori2,*
...DNA sequences. Both markers proved the FT8 strain is a highly divergent species based on the phylogenetic relationships, opening new realms for the researchers of this field.
...
Netti Aryani1, Azrita2, Ainul Mardiah3 and Hafrijal Syandri2*
...ate (SGR), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). The maximum growth of giant gourami was found at 6% feeding rate. However, the best feed conversion ratio (1.34±0.18) was obtained at the 4% feeding rate. The carcass composition (crude protein and crude lipid) of giant gourami with different feeding rates showed a significant increase (p<0.05) after 120 days of the experiment. Based on growth performance, feed efficiency...
Talha Nazir1,2,*, Muhammad Dildar Gogi2, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Waheed ul Hassan2, Abdul Hanan2 and Muhammad Jalal Arif2
...gration in sucking pests’ management strategies on transgenic crops such as Bt cotton.
...
Mehran Kausar1,2, Naveed Ashraf3, Farzana Hayat4, Asraf Hussain Hashmi1, Saima Siddiqi1,* and Mariam Anees2
...i>CTSK for five members of the family to find out the causative mutation. All coding exons of CTSK gene were amplified and sequenced in the affected and unaffected individuals of a consanguineous Pakistani family consisting of five members, three affected brothers, one unaffected sister and the unaffected mother. We identified a known missense mutation c.136 C>T in the third ...
Muhammad Ibrahim1,2*, Syed Jawad Ahmad Shah1, Shaukat Hussain2, Musharaf Ahmad2 and Farhatullah3
...loyment status of cultivars during 2012 in northwest Pakistan located close to the center of diversity of P. striiformis f.sp. tritici. Around 1600 wheat fields were sampled covering a geographical area of little less than 5000 acres in the southern, central and northern zones located in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) Province. Yellow rust occurrence was distributed over an area of 463 acres in all three wheat production zones...
Raza Ullah1*, Qaisar Shah Safi2, Ghaffar Ali3 and Irfan Ullah3
...hat majority of the farmers sold their orchards to the pre-harvest contractors. The most widely used marketing channel was producers selling their orchard to pre-harvest contractor who then harvest the orchard, pack the produce and transport it to the market where the produce is handed to wholesalers. Wholesalers then ...
Usman Waheed1,*, Humayoon Shafique Satti2, Muhammad Arshad3, Ahmed Farooq3, Abdul Rauf4 and Hasan Abbas Zaheer1,5
... goal of halting and reversing HIV/AIDS epidemic. Syphilis increases the risk of HIV transmission by two to five times, and this co-infection is common among HRGs. The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HIV/AIDS and syphilis among selected HRGs. During a period from September 2015 to February 2016, community-based sampling was done from 134 Hijra sex workers (HSW), 101 female sex worke
Kadir Karakuş1, Bahat Comba2, Abuzer Taş3, Tunahan Sancak3, Arzu Comba2, Devrim Saripinar Aksu4, Hasan Koyun5 and Mohammad Masood Tariq6,*
...rate of Yuzuncu Yil University. The sheep were randomly allocated into three groups each of which contained 10 sheep. The groups were formed as; Group 1 The Control Group (No castration), Group 2 (Surgical castration group) and Group 3 (Chemical castration group), respectively. Blood sample was taken from vena jugularis of the animals before the application and every two months for a total of 4 times for 6 months and hormone analyses were performed. The order ...
Ibrahim A. Alhidary1,*, Mutassim M. Abdelrahman1, Riyadh S. Aljumaah1, Abdullah H. Alyemni2, Moez A. Ayadi1,3 and Mohamed Y. Al-Saiady2
...thly after 2, 4 and 8 hours of feeding for pH, VFAs and NH3-N determination. Blood samples were collected monthly for different metabolic analysis. At the end of the trial, six lambs from each group were randomly selected and slaughtered for rumen coloring. The results of this trial showed a significantly higher total body weight gain in lambs fed TMR1 and TMR 2. A significantly higher FCR in lambs fed TMR3 compared with all other treatments. The ru...
Kamran A. Awan1, Jawad Ali2 and Mohammad Akmal3
... Research Farm, the University of Agriculture Peshawar in winter season 2015-16. Experiment was in a randomized complete block design, in split plots having three replications. Sowing dates were assigned to main plots and wheat varieties (i.e. Shahkar-2013, Atta-Habib-2010, Pakhtunkhwa-2015, Hashim, Dharabi, Chakwal-50, Pakistan-2013 and Ghanemat-2015) to sub plots. Results revealed that sowing dates and varieties significantly affected yield and yield related...
Fawad Ali1*, Hidayat Ullah2, Ikhtiar Khan1
...irrigation by local farmers since long has contaminated the soil and now the pollution is being transferred to our food chain. An investigation has been done to ascertain toxic heavy metal concentration in the wastewater, irrigated soil, their accumulation in vegetables, and potential human health risks. The results reveal that Cr concentration in the wastewater, Cd and Zn in soil and in vegetables have been found well above the permissible limits of World Hea...
Naila Chand1,*, Shabana Naz2, Hamza Maris1, Rifat Ullhah Khan1, Sarzamin Khan1 and Muhammad Subhan Qureshi1
...ce and immunity in broilers under natural summer stress. A total of one hundred and twenty day-old broiler chicks were divided into four different treatment groups such as Bet-0, Bet-1.0, Bet-1.5, Bet-2.0 having betaine supplementation at the rate of 0, 1, 1.5 and 2 g/kg feed, respectively. Significantly (P<0.05) higher weekly and total feed intake and weight gain were recorded in group Bet-2.0. Higher level of betaine supplementation significantly (P< 0...
Muhammad Abdullah1,*, Rashid A. khan2, Muhammad Rafay3, Tanveer Hussain3, Tahira Ruby4,Fariha Rehman5, Sangam Khalil3 and Sohail Akhtar6
...was performed for two years (2012, 2013) at three different stations in the surrounding area of Faisalabad. Based on results it was concluded that Cattle egrets are colonial breeders and colonies were monospecific with no other ardeidae members nesting in the neighborhood. They prefer sites for nest building, which have regular accessibility of water, and usual human activities are common ...
Hameeda Kalhoro1, Abdul Malik2,Ghulam Abbas2,*, Illahi Bux Kalhoro3, Sajjad Ali Shah4and Haleema Kalhoro3
... plastic tanks (42.5 liters water carrying capacity each). Fish juveniles (length: 10.63 ±0.980 cm, weight: 9.030±1.40g) were stocked after acclimatization. A total of 3 treatments were tested following 2 replications i.e. first treatment (T1, Squid feed), second treatment (T2, Tubifex feed) and third treatment (T3, pellet feed). Juveniles were fed with 5% of total biomass twice...
Tanveer Ahmad1, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood1*, Zulfiqar Ali1, Muhammad Azeem Khan2 and Shahid Zia3
Muhammad Tariq Saeed1*, Muhammad Ashfaq Wahid1, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem1, Mumtaz Akhtar Cheema2, Muhammad Shahid1, Abdul-Shakoor1, Abdul-Sattar3
...omic Research Area, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, during spring 2011. The experiment was composed of two soybean varieties (Faisal Soybean and 95-1) and five priming techniques (control, on-farm priming, hydro priming, hydration inoculation and osmo priming with 0.5% urea solution. Results revealed that hydro priming, on-farm priming and hydration inoculation significantly reduced the time to 50% emergence (E50), mean emergence time (MET) an...
Lu Liu1, Sher Khan Panhwar2, Tianxiang Gao3, Zhiqiang Han3, Chunhou Li4, Dianrong Sun4 and Na Song1,*
...> species exhibiting a dorsal keel have been identified based on morphology: Liza affinis, Liza carinata, and Liza klunzingeri. To confirm the validity of the species by molecular methods, we sequenced a fragment of the cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) gene of mitochondrial DNA of Liza affinis and Liza klunzingeri from coastal waters of China and Pakistan, respectively. Sequences of L....
Jawad Anwar* and Zafar Iqbal
...ved in optimized parameters like shaking flask culture, 25 °C temperature, media of pH 5 and light fermentation.The EtOAc extract exhibited the minimal value of MIC (10.41±4.50 µg/mL) against gram negative E. coli, while its acetonitrile fraction yielded (6.50±2.25 µg/mL) of MIC against S. aureus. Hence, it is revealed from the results that T. harzianumis a potential source of antibiotic drugs as it showed a wide range of bioactiv...
Muhammad Amin1*, Khalid Mahmood2, Imran Bodlah3, Muhammad Rahim Khan2
... new records to Pakistan’s aphidofauna, were found infesting Rosa species in study conducted during 2015-2016 in Poonch division of Azad Jammu and Kashmir-Pakistan. Chaetosiphon (Pentarichopus) fragaefolii (Cockerell), Chaetosiphon (Pentarichopus) thomasi Hille Ris Lambers, Chaetosiphon (Pentarichopus) tetrarhodum (Walker), Metopolophium montanum Hille Ris Lambers, Myzaphis rosarum (...
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan*, Shah Saud Ahmad and Asif Nawaz
... the empowerment of farmers that aimed to provide agricultural inputs like seeds, fertilizers, pesticides, machinery along with advisory services in order to increase per acre yield. This study was conducted in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province in the year 2016. The study was conducted to assess the effectiveness of Farm Services Centers (FSCs) in district Chars
Sadia*, Abdur Rab, Sayyed Hamad Ahmad Shah, Irfan Ullah, Farida Bibi and Islam Zeb
...culture Farm at The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan during 2016. RCB Design was used for this experiment with three replications i.e. factor A was Deblossoming Time (Control, May, June, July, August and September) and factor B was GA3 application (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 ppm). Results demonstrated that minimum fruit drop (5.95%), fruit density (0.80gcm-3) with maximum number of new shoots (55.7), number of new flowers
Saleem Khan1, Amir Hamza2, Farhadullah Khan3, M. Subhan4, Aziz Khan1, Irfan Ali Shah1, Shakirullah Khan Shakir3*
...cted most of the parameters adversely. Significant reduction in plant height was observed for all the genotypes under the influence of the gamma rays treatments. Increased level of radiation posed adverse effect on number of branches plant-1. However, in case of Bt -121, branches were enhanced in treated as compared to control. Similarly, rise in the number of bolls in the ...
Shantanu Jha1, A. Rama Devi1, Ngalaton Kasar1 and Abhishek Mukherjee2
...ify;">The Fruit Fly Workers meeting held at the Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya on 7th August provided a unique platform to scientists working in the eastern and north-eastern parts of India on fruit flies to interact, share their experience and finally to prioritize areas for future Research. The meeting started at 12:00 noon on 7th of August and continued till 5:00 pm and was attended by 31 participants. The programme was inaugurat...
Wanchao Zhu1, Qinguo Wei1, Shuyu Xue1, Huanxin Zhang2, Tianshu Lv1 and Honghai Zhang1,*
...ramatically in recent years due to the high value and increasing demand of their fur. In order to evaluate the genetic diversity and population structure for the conservation and management of sables (Martes zibellina), we developed six microsatellite markers using a method of fast isolation by AFLP of sequences containing repeats (FIASCO) from them in this study. The prime
Gülnur Metin* and İlker Aydin
... (reproductive season, first maturation size (LM50) and sex ratio) of the jinga shrimp, Metapenaeus affinis (H. Milne Edwards, 1837), in Izmir Bay (Aegean Sea, Turkey) were investigated. A total of 2894 M. affinis were obtained from commercial fishermen between November 2008 and January 2011. The total length and weight of the females or males were measured as 7.3–17.5 cm and 2.6-38.9 g or 7.8–15.4 cm and 2.6-41.6 g,...
Zuhao Huang*, Meifang Li, Rujue Ruan and Jiawei Qin
...enetic tree grouped members of every genus were grouped into each clade, except the genus Gorsachius. Our results indicated that the genus Gorsachius might not be monophyletic.
...
Javeria1, Masroor Ellahi Babar1,2,*, Akhtar Ali2, Asif Nadeem1, Abdul Wajid1, Sajjad Ali Shah3, Sadaf Rashid4, Muhammad Wasim1 and Muhammad Abdullah1
...mple collection the factors like age/period, employment status and marital status were considered after informed consent. We found one single base change G>C at c.745 resulting in a nonsynonymous change p.E249Q in theCOMT gene. In-silico analysis predicted it to be damaging and disease causing. Screening of case and control group data showed no deviation from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium with p-value 0.879 and 0.32, respectively. There was no significa...
Muhammad Fiaz1, Khadija Munawar2, Muhammad Mushtaq2,*, Mukhtar Ahmad3, Mushtaq Ahmad Chaudhry3, Muhammad Aslam3, Tanveer Ahmad1 and Nasrullah4
...-2. The calf milk replacers were cheaper in terms of milk cost per kg gain than natural ewe milk. It was concluded that high quality calf milk replacer can be used as an efficient substitute of ewe milk for optimum growth performance in neonatal Salt Range lambs after mandatory colostrum feeding.
...
Mushtaq Ahmad1,*, Mehboob Ahmed1,2 and Nasim Ahmad1
...in tampon solution); smears were immersed in tampon either at room temperature or at 60oC, Protocol III (concentration of dye in staining solution); slides were stained with 1, 5, 200, 500, or 1000µg/mL solution. The slides were observed, intensity of staining and debris presence in samples. The debris presence was reduced (P<0.05) due to washing of semen sample. Intensity of staining increased (P<0.05...
Shabana1,*, Farah Ehsan1 and Shahida Hasnain1,2
..., Gly482Ser variant appears to be significantly associated with diabetes in Pakistani population. The variant appeared to exert its effect by changing serum fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol and LDLC levels.
...
Syed Tanveer Shah* and Muhammad Sajid
...) Design with three factors replicated three times. Peach fruit trees at berry stage were sprayed with three sources of calcium (calcium chloride, calcium nitrate and calcium sulphate) at three calcium concentrations (0.5, 0.75 and 1.0%) stored for 30 days at 10 days interval. The experimental results showed that calcium sources, concentration and storage duration significantly affected all the studied attributes. More fruit firmness (5.57 and 5.69 kg cm2), le...
Umair Talib1*, Ijaz Ashraf1, Khalid Mahmood Chaudhary1, Riaz Ahmad2
...ong the smallholder farmers in Pakistan. Since the late 1980s, the government of Pakistan include private sector in extension circle to enhance the effectiveness of public extension through competition. This study conducted in 2016, sought to analyze whether smallholder rice growers are more satisfied with public or private extension organizations and development of a strategy to enhance the effectiveness of extension w...
Mian Ahmad Raza*, Ghulam Hassan and Naqib Ullah Khan
..., Fakhr-i-Sarhad (FS), Pirsabak 2005 (PS), AUP-5008 (AUP), Saleem 2000 (S2K), Tatara (TTR), Barsat (BST) and Siren (SRN) were crossed in all possible combinations during 2011-12 cropping season. The resultant F1 hybrids were planted following a randomized complete block design using three replications in the subsequent wheat growing season of 2012-13. For days to maturity, F1 cross combination PS × FS among the F1 hybr...
Muhammad Hannan Ahmed1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Abu Bakar M. Raza1, M. Afzal1, A. Khaliq1, Yasir Iftikhar2 and Hafiz Muhammad Aatif3
...rmore, metrological factors (especially temperature, relative humidity and rainfall) also play vital role in the population dynamics of sucking insect pest complex like jassid, aphid, thrips and mites. The present study was conducted on six cotton cultivars (3 Bt and 3 non-Bt) to monitor the population dynamics of thrips in relation to abiotic climatic factors. Interaction ef...
Furqan Sabir1, Muhammad Tayyab1,*, Bushra Muneer2, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Ali Raza Awan1, Naeem Rashid3, Muhammad Wasim1 and Sehrish Firyal1
...t induction time of 6 hours. PHYTN showed maximal activity at 80°C in 50 mM sodium acetate buffer pH 6. Presence of Fe3+ or Cu2+ showed an enhancing effect on the PHYTN activity. Thermostability studies demonstrated that PHYTN retains 88% residual activity when the protein was incubated at 80°C for 1.5 h in the presence of 1.5 mM Fe3+. The enzyme exhibited Km and V
Fang Wang, Yong-Fang Jia, Po Wang, Qi-Yan Du and Zhong-Jie Chang*
...which LET caused sex reversal, juvenile carp (120dph) were exposed to 0, 5, 25, 125, and 625μg/L LET for 15 days, and the expression profiles of seven gonad differentiation related genes (Cyp19A, Cyp19B, Arα, ERα, Dax, Foxl2, Dmrt1) and gonad histological changes were examined. The results showed that LET could inhibit oocyte growth in female and promote the development of testes in males. For the gonad differentiation related genes, the express...
Asad Abdullah1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Waqar Hassan2, Samina Khalid3, Yasir Iftikhar4, Muhammad Arshad1 and Jaime Molina-Ochoa5,6
...-Bt cotton cultivars. Foliar application of neem seed, Azadirachta indica extract was applied upon reaching economic threshold levels of B. tabaci and A. biguttula. The insect pest population was recorded 24 hours before and 24h, 72h and 168h after spray. Maximum reduction of 60.20% of B. tabaci on Bt cotton was recorded at 6% NSE while at 2% concentration of NSE after 148 h
Muhammad Usman Qamar1, 2, Sidrah Saleem1, Usman Arshad1, Muhammad Farhan Rasheed3, Hasan Ejaz4, Naveed Shahzad5 and Shah Jahan6,*
...firmed by modified Hodge’s test and disc potentiation method, respectively. The blaNDM-1genewas amplified by PCR and sequenced. MIC of different antibiotics were determined by VITEK 2 system and antibacterial activity, MIC and MBC of manuka honey was performed by agar well diffusion assay and microbroth dilution assay respectively. All isolates (n=5) were carbapenamase and MBL producers andNDM-1 gene ...
Muhammad Abu Bakar1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Arshad1, Mubasshir Sohail1,2 and Jaime Molina-Ochoa3,4
...rroa destructor (Anderson and Trueman), is a greatest rigorous and economical pest of Apis mellifera L. worldwide. Many control measures including application of chemicals are adapted to resistor the influx of mites in hives of honey bee. The indiscriminate use of pesticides involve many problems; cause resistance in mites, residual in honey, wax and potentially hazardous to man and environment. Plant-derived mixtures are normally more easily degrad...
Carolina Torres Alejo1,2, Laila Andreia Rodrigues Beserra1,2, Paulo Eduardo Brandão1,2, Luis Ramiro Luna Espinoza1,2 and Fabio Gregori1,2*
...ntestinal content of layers, broilers, and breeders were investigated from different Brazilian regions for the presence of rotavirus (RVA, RVD, and RVF), avian coronavirus (ACoV), and avian astrovirus (AAstV), using PCR reactions followed by nucleotide sequencing and analysis. Twenty-nine pools (29/59; 49%) appeared positive for AAstV, 6 pools (6/59; 10%) were positive for RVD, forty-three...
Mohsan Ullah Goraya1,2, Liaqat Ali1,2 and Iqra Younis3
... by innate immune receptors and establish first line of defense against viral infections. When specific cellular receptors recognize a virus they trigger the translation of inflammatory cytokine and chemokines leading to establishment of an antiviral state of the host. In this review, we discuss the recent understanding in host responses to avian viral i...
Muhammad Sohail1, Muhammad Nauman-ul-Islam1, Hayazuddin2*, Imtiaz Ali Shah1, Abdur Raziq1, Subhan Ullah3 and Arsalan Ali Shah1
...actating Achai cows of first parity were selected and randomly divided into 3 groups viz. A, B and C on the basis of physiological and productive status (n= 08). Experimental animals were allocated to diet containing zero (control), 12 and 18 percent MSC. All the three rations were iso-caloric and iso-nitrogeniuos. Each cow was given a daily feed ration according to NARC standards. Milk yield of each experimental animals were recorded twice daily while its com...
Shahid Hussain Farooqi1,*, Muhammad Ijaz1, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1, Muhammad Imran Rashid2, Muhammad Oneeb2, Amjad Khan3, Amjad Islam Aqib1 and Shakeel Mahmood4
...ck species and risk factors associated with tick infestation and burden levels were studied in bovine from three distinct temporal zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Twelve hundreds ticks were collected from four hundreds animals comprising of two hundred and fifty cattle and one hundred and fifty buffaloes. Descriptive statistics with Pearson’s Chi-square test and reg...
Rana Muhammad Aadil1,2*, Xin-An Zeng1, Saqib Jabbar3, Akmal Nazir2, Abid Aslam Mann2, Muhammad Kashif Iqbal Khan2, Abdullah2, Amna Ramzan2
... on some quality parameters of grapefruit juice were investigated based on pH, acidity, ºBrix, viscosity, cloud value, hunter color values, bioactive compounds, microorganisms and enzyme analysis. The grapefruit juice was treated with processing variables of HPP treatment (0, 150, 200 and 250 MPa), temperature (40, 50 and 60 oC), for processing time of 3 minutes and thermal treatment was done in a water bath at 70 oC for 90 seconds. ...
Aqsa Qayyum1*, Masooma Munir1, Saeeda Raza1, Mussarat Gillani1, Saima Kanwal1, Nouman Rashid1, Amer Mumtaz1, Naeem Safdar1, Zarmina Gillani2
...ated rheological parameters including water absorption, dough development time, dough stability, gluten content and falling no. values differed significantly (p < 0.01) among all the treatments of composite flour. Wet and dry gluten content decreased from 22.16 ± 1.58 % (T0) to 16.43 ± 1.32 % (T3) and 7.46 ± 0.47 % (T0) to 5.03 ± 0.38 % (T3) respectively. With increasing percent of pea ...
Jie Wu1, Jiagui Zhu2, Ke Wang2, Dejing Cai2, Yingying Liu1, Yanzhen Bu1,* and Hongxing Niu1,*
... through radio transmitters or satellite transmitters. Twelve nests of 10 pairs were recorded over three breeding seasons. Sixteen variables of habitat characteristics were measured. The results showed that: 1) the principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first four components accounted for 79.31% of the total variance, including vegetation, ...
Nargis Bano and Khalid Mahmood Qureshi*
...as it alleviates the adverse effects of numerous stress causing factors. Numerous SA levels are found to protect several species of plants against environmental stresses by initiating different processes that are involved in the mechanism of stress tolerance. SA is part of an extremely complex signal transduction network’s part and it works differently in different systems. Drought s...
Rabia Tahir1*, Khushi Muhammad1, Masood Rabbani1, Muti-u-Rehman Khan2, Farah Khan1, Hassan Bin Aslam1 and Arslan Mehboob3
...hicks derived from breeders at 14, 21 and 30 days of post-infection with AAV-4. The presence of AAV-4 DNA was detected through PCR. Chicks from virus-challenged breeders failed to show a clear and expected PCR positivity. The connotations derived from these findings are that vertical transmission via transovarian route is reported the field conditions. However, based on genetic detection such evidences are lacking. The molec...
Lucas Pedroso Colvero1, Paulo Eduardo Brandão2*, Cesar Alejandro Rodriguez Rosales2, Hanny Swam3 and Laura Yaneth Buitrago Villarreal1
... and Qx types, while titers for vaccine B were not detected, suggesting a role of the poor emulsion quality on the performance of vaccine B. These results demonstrate that effective quality control and emulsion preparation are essential benchmarks of immunization and vaccine potency. ...
Aqsa Mehboob1, Noor Khan1,*, Usman Atiq1, Khalid Javed Iqbal2, Rafia Tayyab1, Syeda Suhaira Batool1, Hafiza Saleha Batool1, Sana Amjad1 and Mehwish Tanveer1
.... Better feed conversion ratio (FCR) 1.8 and specific growth rate 1.4 were observed in T1. Proximate analysis revealed significant differences (P≤0.05) among treatments and control for crude protein while rest of the parameters remained same. Apparent digestibility of crude protein and fat was found non-significantly different among treatments. It is concluded that addition of fenugreek in fish feed can i...
Nasira Kazi1, Muhammad Israr2 and Shahina Fayyaz1,*
...tan. Paradorylaimus dorsocaudali new species differ from all known species of the genus in having smaller body length, tail length and odontostyle length. The new species is characterized by 1.3-1.6 mm long female body, lip region truncate, offset by weak depression, odontostyle 21.4-23.2 µm long is and 2.8-3 µm wide, twice as long as the lip region width; vulva longitudinal; female tail 5.9-6.6 anal body diameter long, do
Zakirullah Jan1, Shamsher Ali1*, Tariq Sultan2, Wasiullah1 and Wiqar Ahmad1
...ded on agronomic parameters of rice crop, plant tissue and post-harvest soil analysis. But in this paper, data on availability of major plant nutrients, soil organic matter and plant dry weight are presented. The data revealed that cyanobacteria strains had significantly (p < 0.05) increased the availability of major plant nutrients and SOM under the saline soil conditions. Among the strains, Gloeobacter MMF-4 significantly increased the soil organic matter...
Zahid Mehmood*, Alam Zeb and Muhammad Ayub
... physicochemical parameters as well as for organoleptic evaluation. ...
Abdus Subhan1, Qudrat Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Mansoor2 and M. Jamil Khan1
...c and inorganic fertilizers on a heavy textured soil. The treatments used in the experiment include compost @5 t ha-1, cattle manure @ 5 t ha-1, compost + cattle manure each @ 2.5 t ha-1, NPK @ 150:120: 90 and control (without amendments), replicated four times. The results revealed that organic and inorganic amendments, irrespective of their kind and combinations, exerted significant (p≤0.05) variation in plant growth, yield paramete<...
Hassan Hashim Ghalib, Syed Attaullah Shah*, Abbas Ullan Jan and Ghaffar Ali
...d rainfall on wheat growers’ net-return in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan. Data for this purpose are collected from 255 wheat growers, selected from Southern, Central and Northern climatic zones of KP. Results from descriptive statistical analysis demonstrate that net-return per acre from wheat crop is highest in the Central zone because of conducive agro-climatic condi...
Zaheer Abbas*, Shaukat Ali, Jalal-Ud-Din and Ghulam M. Ali*
...gating different parameters such as embryo physiological age, co-cultivation period, addition of L-cysteine in co-cultivation medium, heat shock to immature embryos prior to infection, resting stage and Agrobacterium strains that deliver T-DNA into plant cell from which whole plant can be regenerated. The results indicated that optimal embryo physiological age is 15 and 18 days after pollination and transient transformation efficiency decreased at 22 days afte...
Zaheer Abbas*, Shaukat Ali, Jalal-Ud-Din and Ghulam M. Ali*
...d cytokine in MS and Chu’s N6 media produced 53.33 and 35.56% embryogenic calli, respectively. Inclusion of 5 mgL-1 silver nitrate in embryogenic medium enhanced the production of type II embryogenic calli by 54.90% compared to control treatment. Maximum regeneration (58.33%) was observed when embryogenic calli were placed on N6 medium supplemented with 60 gL-1 sucrose and 1 mgL-1 NAA for one week initially in dark and then three weeks on MS medium augme...
Asmatullah Kaka2, Wahid Haron1,*, Rosnina Yusoff 1, Nurhusien Yimer1, A.M Khumran1, Akeel Ahmed Memon2, Kazhal Sarsaifi1 andMahdi Ebrahimi3
... 5oC for 2 hours at 5oC and then packaged in 0.25ml straws and stored into liquid nitrogen for 24 hours. Successively, thawing and evaluation was performed for sperm motility, viability, membrane integrity, morphology, malondialdehyde (MDA), fatty acid composition and super oxide dismutase (SOD). Sperm characteristics such as sperm motility, viability, morphology, membrane integrity, and acrosome integr...
Habibun Nabi1, Saher Islam2, Amna Arshad Bajwa2, Imran Rashid1,*, Haroon Akbar1, Wasim Shehzad2, Kamran Ashraf1, Nisar Ahmad1 and Aneela Durrani3
...ormed. Five sets of primers were designed using PrimerSelect tool for PCR to amplify SAG2 gene 5’ and 3’ regions. Sequences of 5 fragments of SAG2 were annotated and analyzed using DNASTAR Lasergene. After phylogenetic analysis with 3 clonal types and atypical strains, and on the basis of restriction map of HhaI and Sau3AI, our 3 isolates of T. gondii were found more clo...
Rabia Arif*, Shahar Bano, Muhammad Ishfaq and Muhammad Saleem
...egions as molecular markers, we show a sequence analysis of (V3, V4 and V9) hyper-variable regions of the small sub unit (SSU) of different natural strains of the Pyrenomycete, Sordaria fimicola, to examine genetic diversity. Strains were taken from two contrasting environments (Natural and Harsh) from the south facing and north facing slopes of Evolution Canyon, Israel. Sequenced a...
Zia-ur-Rehaman1, Naila Chand1, Sarzamin Khan1 and Rifat Ullah Khan2,*
...ed in brooding room in first two weeks and then chicks were divided into two groups: TN and HAT zones. Chicks in TN group were housed at constant room temperature, while chicks in HAT zone were kept at high ambient temperature. Chicks in each group were further divided into four sub groups. Each sub group was further subdivided into four replicates having ten chicks per replicate. Blood was collected on weekly basis from day 21 to 42. Mean serum antibody ...
Zabih Ullah*, H. Rahman and Niaz Muhammad
...as conducted at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during the cropping season of 2016. Randomized complete block design was used, having two replications and 35 genotypes, comprised of 33 hybrids and two local checks. Data were recorded on days to 50% tasseling, days to 50% anthesis, days to 50% silking, anthesis silking interval, plant height and ear eight. Analysis of variance revealed highly significant differences for all the traits except anthesis si...
Rehmat Ullah1*, Kalim Ullah2, Inam Ullah3, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan1 and Asif Nawaz1
...omly. Among all the farmers, 120 farmers were evaluated through valid, reliable and pre-tested interview schedule. Data collected was analyzed through Statistical Package for Social Sciences ver. 20. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. The study has revealed that field assistants (FA) provide new information (75 respondents). It was observed that FAs were available at their offices (70) and farme
Sanjukta Chakrabarti1, Colin J. Barrow2, Rupinder K. Kanwar3, Venkata Ramana1*, Rakesh N. Veedu4,5 and Jagat R. Kanwar3*
...ly of ligands and receptors (VEGFRs). Survival, proliferation, migration and invasion of endothelial cells which give rise to the vascular network, is mediated through VEGF/VEGFR activation of the signal transduction pathways. Thus blocking VEGF is an efficient strategy for blocking tumor angiogenesis. Several anti-VEGF drugs have been developed over the last two decades and some are still at different development stages of pre-clinical and clinical trials. In...
Mahmood-Ul-Hassan*, Naeem Fiaz, Muhammad Akhlaq Mudassir and Muhammad Yasin
...characteristics than others. Whereas, subsequent ratoon of plant crop harvested on 1st February was found to be superior among all harvesting dates for most of traits and genetic potential of genotypes. It was also found that the ratoon crop yield was highly dependent on the number of sprouts which were significantly varied among harvesting dates and the genotypes tested as well (R2=0.998 & 0.994, respectively).
...
Akerele Dare*, Ashaolu Olumuyiwa Fowowe, Sanusi Rahman Akintayo and Egbetade Adedolapo
...ent agricultural subsectors in Nigeria. Data on the value of output of crop, livestock and fishery subsectors of agriculture,and the amounts of the fund allocated to each subsector from 1982 to 2013 were subjected to econometrics (time series) analysis. Results established positive and statistically significant influence of the amount of fund apportioned to crop (p<0.01) and livestock (p<0.05) subsecto
Trinh Thi Viet Ha1, Pham Duy Liem2 and Li Shuang1*
...ative advantage of China’s rice exports is greater in Vietnamese rice markets. Revealed comparative advantage (RCA) index and Relative Trade Advantage Index (RTA) were used to understand the relative competitive advantages of China and Vietnam rice export. The results showed that Vietnamese rice comparative advantage grew steadily in the Chinese market. Overall Sino-Vietnam rice export competition is not strong, it is ...
Abbas Ullah Jan1, Muhammad Fayaz1*, Yousaf Hayat2, Dawood Jan3 and Ghaffar Ali3
...ey 2005. The log-log-inverse econometric model, representing nonlinear Engel curve relationship proved to be a valid estimation technique for fruit consumption in Pakistan. The results show that quantity elasticity with respect to income is constant for dates, grapes, guava and mango and tends to increase in all fruits, apple, banana and citrus with increase in household income for urban households. For rural households with increase in household income, quant...
Mehmet Guvenc1,*, Ayşe Nilay Guvenc3, Ökkeş Yılmaz2 and Mehmet Tuzcu2
...some biochemical parameters in fructose induced non-alcoholic fatty liver.
...
Nosheen Rafiq1, Asmatullah Kakar2,*, Arshad Ghani3, Asim Iqbal2, Wali Mohammad Achakzai2, Shagufta Sadozai2, Mohammad Shafiq4 and Mohammad Alam Mengal5
...o host-related risk factors in Bos permiginu s cattlewas conducted in farm houses at three main regions (Western by-pass, Spiny village, and Sariab region) of District Quetta from March, 2013 to March, 2014. Around 1649 ticks were captured from six main body parts of 404 cattle. Of these 346 (65.96%) were observed to be plagued by one or more tick infestation. Compositions of tick species captured from the host were Hyalomma anatolicum ...
Attaullah Ansari* and Nasreen Memon
...ext-align: justify;">Diversity and seasonal variation in abundance of Hoverflies (Diptera: Syrphidae) fauna were studied in five different habitats of various localities of central Sindh during March to December 2015. Adult specimens were captured/trapped through Malaise trap, Yellow pan water trap and insect hand net. As a result, a total of 783 specimens belonging to 8 species, 6 genera of two subfamilies were collected, among which Episurphusbaltatus, De Ge...
Faiz Muhammad1,*, Syed Khurram Fareed1, Urooj Zafar1, Taseer Ahmed Khan2 and Aqeel Ahmad1
...t for positive PCR. Primers were selected for 16s rRNA and it could detect up to 100 cfu and 250 cfu from MS and MG respectively in a samples. We have tested pure DNA of other mycoplasmas (5 species from avian origin and 3 other mycoplasmas species) but it produced only the genus specific band. The optimized ratio of tPCR primers were 1: 1: 10: 1. For Outer F, Inner R, and Inner F and Outer R, respectively. MgCl2 ...
Shahab e Saqib1*, Himayatullah Khan2, Sanaullah Panezai3, Ubaid Ali4 and Mazhar Ali5
...ent among different farmers’ group in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The data were collected from 87 subsistence farmers in Mardan sub-district. Multistage sampling technique was used to select the study area. A standardized questionnaire was used to collect data from farming households’ heads. Credit fungibility ratio and ANOVA were used to explore the...
Liana Mihaela Fericean1* and Mihaela Corneanu2
... for a period of four years on the potato and for a period of two years on the orchards from Romania. At the Aphis nasturtii species the smallest length of the body found for aphids captured in Romania was 1.10 mm, while the biggest was 2.40 mm. In the conditions of the Western part of Romania Aphis nasturtii winter egg stage started in October. On the primary host the aphids gave birth parthenogenetically to t...
Saba Manzoor1,*, Ali Raza Awan1, Abdul Wajid1, Sehrish Firyal1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Muhammad Mansha2, Asim Khalid Mahmood3, Abu Saeed Hashmi1 and Muhammad Wasim1,*
...nt canine and feline tumors due to its predetermined role in tumor pathogenesis. A total of 52 tumor and normal samples were examined, among these, 40 canine and 12 feline samples were analyzed using Sanger sequencing method and RT-qPCR for the mutation and expression profiling of c-Myc gene. The coding region of c-Myc gene (exon2 and 3) did not show any variation in both species. While expression of c-Myc gene was found to be up regulated...
Rehana Shahida1, Tasnim Farasat1, Shagufta Naz1,* and Shahjahan2
... pro atherogenic parameters including plasma glucose level, serum levels of insulin, IL-6, and TNF-α. Serum level of thrombomodulin was assessed as a measure of vascular damage. Different demographic parameters as age, BMI, waist /hip ratio, B.P., personal history and socioeconomic status were recorded. Fasting glucose and HbA1c was done by chemistry analyzer. Fasting serum insulin, ...
Talat Bilal Yasoob and Nasir Ali Tauqir*
...the performance of broilers. Experiment was conducted in two phases. In first phase (0-4 weeks), six broiler starter rations were formulated; a ration without NaHCO3 was served as control whereas other five rations had 0.15-0.73% NaHCO3 in the rations. In this way six dietary treatments resulted in dietary electrolyte balance (DEB) and sodium levels of 245, 262, 279, 297, 314, 331 meq/kg and 0.166, 0.20...
Amjad Ali1*, Sher Aslam Khan2, Abid Farid2, Ayub khan2, Shah Masaud Khan2 and Naushad Ali2
...pes and two check cultivars were evaluated in randomizedcomplete block design with three replications at Sugar Crops Research Institute Mardan during 2012-13 and 2013-14. The studies were conducted in two plant crops to calculate broad sense heritability (repeatability), genetic gain and correlations among the parameters, and establish selection criteria.Highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) differences were found among the genot...
Estimation of Heritability, Genetic Advance and Correlation for Marphological Traits in Spring Wheat
Arshad Iqbal1*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil1, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1 and Muhammad Sharif Kakar2
...role in selection. Breeders could predict the performance of crop plants by knowing the magnitude of heritability. An experiment was conducted using a set of spring wheat genotypes to estimate heritability for various plant traits during crop season 2014-15 at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar. The randomized complete block design with three replications was used in the experiment. Data were recorded on yield and some ...
Sikandar Hayat, Khalid Usman* and Muhammad Tahir Amin
... Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan (D. I. Khan), Pakistan in 2015-2016 wheat growing season. The experimental design was randomized complete block with split plot arrangement replicated thrice. Four row-spacing i.e., 10, 20, 30, and 40cm were assigned to main-plots while N fertilizer application methods (broadcast and placement) were kept in subplots. Results revealed that row spacing of 30 cm had higher yield and yield components besides higher ...
Jiandong Wu, Miao Ye and Zaigui Wang*
..., some important parameters were optimized for effective extraction and purification of total flavonoids from corn silk, and the anti-hyperlipidemic activities was analyzed in rabbits by feeding experiment. Firstly, the high extraction yield (5.32 mg·g-1) of total flavonoids were obtained under the optimal extraction conditions, which are 80°C for 3 h with corn silk over 60% ethanol ratio of 1:30. Then,...
Xue-yang Wang1, Shang-zhi Zhang1, Ming-hui Liu2, Dong Yu1, Yan Ma1, Dong-qiong Fei1, Hai-zhong Yu1 and Jia-ping Xu1,*
... the molting stage. What’s more, BmARM-like protein could be detected by immunofluorescence in all analyzed tissues, including head, midgut, hemolymph, fat body, testis and ovary. More importantly, the relatively high expression level of BmARM-like mRNA were observed in BC9 (near-isogenic line) following BmNPV infection as compared to P50 (susceptible strain), which was further validated in the midgut of A35 (resistant strain). The expression leve...
Dr. Moazzam Baig Mirza
...iv>The Importance of ICU’s Intensive/Critically care facility cannot be denied in any good hospital. May it be a District General hospital or an Academic teaching hospital in a public or private sector? It is a challenging and life saving facility.
...
Nehafta Bibi1, Muhammad Shafiq2, Munawar Saleem Ahmad3 and Haitao Wang1,4,*
...ree contexts: asocial, first social context (conspecifics without food) and second social context (conspecifics with food). The results showed that individuals preferred to consume novel food only in social context comparing to asocial. Furthermore, individuals consumed significantly greater amount of familiar food in social context than asocial. Our results showed that dominant male Eurasian siskins may reduce neophobia in social context and increase food int...
Müge Aliye Hekimoğlu*, Cüneyt Süzer,Şahin Saka andKürşat Firat
...ty.
...
Mahreen Yahya, Noor Abid Saeed*, Sajid Nadeem, Muhammad Hamed and Sajid Shokat
...an. This wheat crop suffers a heavy toll in yield due to aphid attack, which affects plant vitality and grain production. Planting resistant/tolerant varieties against pests is the main way to overcome these field losses. Present study is an effort to screen different wheat varieties/lines against aphids under field conditions. Wheat varieties, Galaxy-13, Millat-11, Lasani-08, Faisalabad-08, and two wheat lines NW-1-8183-8 and NW-3-3341-7 were sown at Nuclear ...
Mubashir Hussain1,Safdar Ali1, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Ghulam Abbas Shah1, Ijaz Ahmad2*, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar3 and Sohail Latif4
...nt was conducted at University Research Farm, Chakwal Road, Rawalpindi to compare the techniques for determination of soil weed seed bank during winter 2012-2013 under rainfed conditions of Pothowar. Soil samples for the weed seed bank analysis were taken from the experimental field before wheat sowing from 0-10 cm, 11-20 cm and 21-30 cm soil depth. Two soil weed seed bank determination techniques were compared viz., sieving method and seedling emergence metho...
Inayatullah Jan*, Sajid Khan, Noor Paio Khan and Muhammad Ashfaq
...t services to small farmers with the aim to increase agricultural productivity and income of farmers. This study was conducted with the aim to assess the effects of micro-credit programme of KBL on agricultural productivity in district Mardan in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. The study was conducted in three purposively selected villages namely; Nasir Kaly, Shankar and Kodeenaka. From the field surveys, it was foun...
Tahira*, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Ayub Khan and Mubashar Ahmad Khan
...r analysis based on WARD’s method showed considerable genetic variation among the hybrids. In the first year, thirty- six Brassica hybrids were grouped into thirteen clusters. Cluster-IV comprised of maximum number of hybrids (six). The clusters mean and standard deviation marked that hybrid in Cluster XI (CRH-80) was short durational and high yiel...
Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz
...r in Pakistan. In this perspective a field study was conducted for three consecutive years (2013 to 2015) at Soil Salinity Research Institute, PindiBhattian, Hafizabad, Pakistan to evaluate different nitrogen levels and the cost-effective sowing technique for oat forage production under salt affected conditions. Two sowing methods i.e. broad cast and drill sowing with 30 cm apart rows and four nitrogen levels (75,100,125 and...
Muhammad Imran Mahmood* and Muhammad Zubair
...urces and growth parameters of forest trees Shisham, Neem, Siri and Sufeda. The effect of different irrigation levels exhibited the highest plant height in Sufeda under flooding which were 135 and 125cm after and before the experiment. However, Neem showed maximum plant height after experiment (103 cm) under drought condition. But, the minimum plant height (57 cm) before experiment was observed in Sufeda under droughtexhibiting 50% decline than Sufeda under fl...
Zeenat Bano1,*, Sajid Abdullah1, Waqas Ahmad2, Muhammad Anjum Zia3 and Wardah Hassan1
...physico-chemical parameters of water samples collected from all the sites. The concentrations of Zinc (Zn), copper (Cu) and nickel (Ni) were higher in river water as compared to farm and hatchery. Different organs of fish collected from different sites showed variations in their metal concentration. In Indus River fish, the concentrations of metals were highest in liver followed by kidney and gills. The Indus River fish also exhibited highest SOD activi...
Zhenyu Chang1, Hui Zhang1, Khalid Mehmood1,2, Mujeeb Ur Rehman1, Xiaodan Yuan1, Zhaoyang Li1, Fazul Nabi1, Xiaoxing Wu1, Xinxin Tian1, Xueting Liu1, Jingen Xu3 and Donghai Zhou1,*
... activity for several hours in tissue samples. For this study piglets without colostrum feeding were selected. Primary cell culture and subculture was performed from the intestinal epithelial cells of piglets. Then the effects of intestinal trefoil factor (TFF3) in intestinal disease was explored. Porcine intestinal epithelial cells were treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and recombinant human (rh) TFF3. Cell proliferation and TFF3 mRNA expression were exam...
Boran Karataş, Muhammed Arabaci and Şükrü Önalan*
... When the growth parameters in polycultures of rainbow trout and brown trout are considered, it was determined that the growth rates were not statistically different between rainbow trout monoculture and rainbow trout G75K25 and G50K50 groups, however rainbow trout in G66K34 experienced statistically significantly less growth when compared to others (p<0.05). Growth parameters of...
Minmin Chen1, Xiaoke Zhang1, Kexiong Wang2, Zhigang Liu1, An Wan3, Daoping Yu1,*, Hong Ji3 and Fangzhen Peng1
...ategies. In order to understand the characteristics of habitat chosen, a continuous 15 months observation on the distribution patterns of the Yangtze finless porpoise at the confluence of Yangtze and Wanhe rivers was conducted. The results showed that the distribution of the porpoise changed seasonally. From October 2013 to March 2014 and from December 2014 to January 2015, the observation rate ranged from 12.5% to 100% of e...
Farid S. Ataya,1,2,* Dalia Fouad,3,4 Ajamaluddin Malik,1 Nikolaos E. Labrou,5 Mohamed S. Daoud1,6 and Hesham M. Saeed7
...er insights into the diversity and complex enzymatic functions of GST superfamily.
...
Tahira Perveen1,*, Shaista Emad1, Saara Ahmad2, Zehra Batool1, Sarwat Yousuf1, Sheeza Sheikh1, Sara Qadeer1 and Saida Haider1
...nt of psychiatric disorders. Along with the effectiveness these drugs are also associated with some side effects. Since ancient times herbs are used as medicinal purposes. One such herb is Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare). Fennel has many efficacious uses. It is a common herb and spice. It is used in many culinary purposes and also it has therapeutic purposes. In the present study antidepressant effects of fennel oil was monitored by comparing it with a synt...
Jianping Li1, Qian Jiang2, Wei Chen2, Yumei Li3, Huaizhi Jiang4, Jinlong Huo5 and Qiaoling Zhang2*
...is expressed in the precursor of the melanophore. It plays an important role in the multiplication, migration and survival of melanophores. As of yet, no studies have addressed the diverse expression of the KIT gene and its protein ingoats of different fur colors. The effect of KIT mutations on KIT protein expression was examined in white cashmere and black cashmere go...
Zahid Latif1,*, Kathrin Blasius2-4, Tufail Hussain Tahir7, Muhammad Nasim Khan1, Ghazanfar Ali5, Ansar Ahmed Abbasi6, Abdul Rauf1, Hao Hu8 and Angela M. Kaindl2,3,4
...life and push the sufferers to unending darkness which also has a negative social and economic wellbeing impact on individual’s life. In society, the negative impact of visual impairment is the rejection and exclusion from all healthy activities of life. Patients suffering with RP first experience nyctalopia which gradually progress to tunnel vision and ultimately masks with complete...
Mumtaz Akhtar1, Shabana Naz2,*, Muhamamad Iqbal3, Waqar Azeem4 and Mirza Azhar Beg5
...re represented for the first time in the summer sample. It was also observed that the seasons influenced the body weight of the gerbille at a statistically significant level (P < 0.01). Sex did not seem to be an important factor in this respect. However, interaction of age and sex was statistically significant (F= 6.94; d.f.= 3, 112; P< 0.01).
...
Saba Khalid*, Muhammad Saddique Awan, Riaz Aziz Minhas, Nasra Ashraf, Khawaja Basharat Ahmed, Nuzhat Shafi and Sajid Abassi
...o 34 families and 11 orders. Passeriformes was the dominant specie. The habitat destruction due to deforestation, agricultural activities, infrastructure and land sliding and disturbances by the increasing human population were major threats to the avian fauna of Rawalakot.
...
Teresa Napiórkowska* and Julita Templin
...ged every 12 h for the first ten days of spider embryogenesis.
...
Muhammad Anas1, Abdul Jabbar1, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar2*, Raza Ullah1, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar3, Ijaz Ahmad4 and Sohail Latif5
...omic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad during the spring season, 2014 in RCB design with triplicate run. The treatments included viz. Four sunflower plants m-2 + 30 mungbean m-2, 6 sunflower plants m-2 + 30 mungbean plants m-2, 8 sunflower plants m-2 + 30 mungbean plants m-2, 4 plants m-2 of sunflower alone, 6 plants m-2 of sunflower alone, 8 plants m-2 of sunflower alone and 30 plants m-2 of mungbean alone. Plant population was maintained b...
Sher Khan Panhwar1,2,3, Zhou Yong Dong1,4,*, Gao Tianxiang1,3, Wang Ping5, Han Zhiqiang1, Wang Zhongming1,4 and Wang Yang1,4
... in 2013. Growth parameters of asymptotic length ranged from 515.6 to 768.6 mm in 2004 and 2009, growth coefficients ranged from 0.230 to 0.685, and t0 from -0.654 to -0.494. The rate of total mortality (Z) ranged from 0.82 to 2.73 year-1 in 2013 and 2001, respectively. The exploitation rate was estimated to range from 0.660−0.797 year-1. Catch per unit effort estimates showed a consistent decline in catches. This study i...
Jing Xin Mao1,2, Guo Wei Wang2, Yuan She Huang3, Rui Wang2, Guo Ze Wang4, Bing Zeng1 and Fu Yuan Zuo1,*
...issues are the main factors that influence the gene expression significantly.
...
LX Ye1,2, JX Wang1,2,*, P Li1,2 and XT Zhang1,2
...d into three annular layers, and the parenchyma consisted of tubular compartments and interstitial tissue. The tubular compartments were comprised of the seminiferous tubules, straight seminiferous tubules and rete testis, without any distinct boundary tissue between them. The interstitial tissue between the tubules contained many Leydig cells, tiny veins and connective tissue. Ghrelin-ip ...
Shaista Naz* and Noor Paio Khan
...percentages and rank orders. The results revealed that livestock was the second major source of household income with 19 percent share. Among the livestock types, cattle were the major one followed by goats and sheep. Livestock was found significant at household level in two aspects of income provision and of lowering household and farm budget. Livestock income was derived from the sale of milk, milk products (such as yogurt, butter and butter oil), other prod...
Muhammad Asad1, Safdar Ali1, Muhammad Ramzan Ansar2, Ijaz Ahmad3*, Muhammad Suhaib4 and Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar5
...S-Arid Agricultural University, Rawalpindi, during rabbi season, 2014. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications, with a plot size of 06 x 04 m2. Four different herbicides were applied as post emergence with three different doses each viz:,Ally max @ 34.58, 46.11 and 23.04 g ha-1, Lihua @ 53.34, 72.4 and 36.23 g ha-1, and Wheat Star @ 370.5, 494 and 247 g ha-1 and Buctril super 60% EC @ 741, 988 and 494 ml ...
Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar1,2*, Muhammad Tahir2, Abid Ali3, Manzoor Hussain3, Muhammad Waheed Anwar4, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar5 and Ijaz Ahmad6
... with inorganic fertilizers to enhance the yield and quality attributes of autumn maize at Agronomic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. There were two factors, green manuring (No green manuring, moringa green manuring and Jantar green manuring) and different levels of NPK fertilizers (no fertilizers,...
Ehtisham Shakeel Khokhar1*, Amir Shakeel1, Muhammad Amir Maqbool1, Muhammad Waheed Anwar1, Zoraiz Tanveer1 and Muhammad Fahad Irfan2
Semra Benzer1,* and Recep Benzer2
Haidar Ali* and Malik Muhammad Shafi
...dy investigated the factors affecting off-farm employment of small farmers in Peshawar Valley. A sample of 201 small farmers were selected using random sampling technique and data were collected through a pre-tested interview schedule. This study focuses on two selected districts i.e. Peshawar, and Charsadda. Four villages were selected two each from the...
Guang-Xin E1, Yong-Ju Zhao1, Yue-Hui Ma2, Ming-Xing Chu2, Jia-Hua Zhang1, Zhong-Quan Zhao1, Hui-Jiang Gao2, Huai-Zhi Jiang3, Di Liu4, Li Liu5, Yan-Bin Zhu6, Wang-Dui Basang6, Luo-Bu Danjiu7, Tian-Wu An8, Xiao-Lin Luo8, Shi-Cheng He7 and Yong-Fu Huang1,*
...hnology to provide the first transcriptome dataset for differentially expressed genes in mixed pools of dominant and nondominant follicles of goats. These data will contribute to research on the molecular mechanisms of dominant follicle selection in goats. In this study, 90276370 and 115579236 clear reads in dominant and nondominant follicles of goat were generated through Illumina paired-end sequencing, and their mapping rate was 84.99% and 84.47%, respective...
Hailong Dong1, Hui Zhang2, Kun Li2, Khalid Mehmood2,3, Mujeeb Ur Rehman2, Fazul Nabi2, Yajing Wang2, Zhenyu Chang1,2, Qingxia Wu1,* and Jiakui Li1,2,*
...sentative virulence factors or genes, including E.coli adherence factor (K88, CS31A, afaE-8), toxins (estA, estB, Stxl, Stx2, EAST1), pathogenicity island (eaeA, irp2, ETT2) and outer membrane protein (ompA). Moreover O-antigen serotype was tested by slide agglutination test and a mouse model was built to assess the lethality of the E.coli isolates through subcutaneous-infection. Out of 81 E.coli isolates...
Imran Ali Rajput1*, Tajwer Sultana Syed1, Ghulam Hussain Abro1, Imran Khatri1 and Abdul Mubeen Lodhi2
...o consecutive growing years (2015 and 2016). The three local extracts such as tobacco (Nicotiana tabacium), neem (Azadirachtin indica) and datura (Datura stramonium) were used in traditional method. The overall results showed that the sprays at different interval indicated the highest pest population reduction at tobacco (17.45-15.09%) followed by neem (14.58-15.33%) and datura (11.72-7.81%) in both varieties and similar trend was...
Imtiaz Ahmed, Muhammad Abbas Khan, Noorullah Khan, Naveed Ahmed, Abdul Waheed, Fazal Yazdan Saleem, Sajjad Khan and Sohail Aslam
...llii) that severely hinders the productivity of Alliaceae family. Experiment was conducted to determine the optimum plant spacing in order to abate garlic rust and maximize garlic crop yield. The experiment was carried out in RCB design with three replications; garlic cultivar (china) and three levels of intra-row spacing (10, 15 and 20 cm) were included in the study. Data regarding disease occurrence, disease severity, plant height (cm), bulb weight (g), bulb...
Jie Wu1, Jiagui Zhu2, Ke Wang2, Dejing Cai2, Yingying Liu1, Yanzhen Bu1,* and Hongxing Niu1,*
... through radio transmitters or satellite transmitters. Twelve nests of 10 pairs were recorded over three breeding seasons. Sixteen variables of habitat characteristics were measured. The results showed that: 1) the principal component analysis (PCA) revealed that the first four components accounted for 79.31% of the total variance, including vegetation, ...
Fahad Tanveer1, Adnan Afzal2, Muhammad Adeel3*, Sana Shahid4 and Maham Masood5
...f resources and cost, it’s essential to sort out means which give real relief to this increasingly significant problem. To compare outcomes of sustained natural apophyseal glides (SNAGs) versus Maitland manual therapy in improving non-specific neck pain. It was a quasi-experimental study design. The study was conducted in Chaudhary Muhammad Akram, Teaching & Research Hospital, Lahore and Suriya Azeem Teaching Hospi...
Bibi Haleema1*, Abdur Rab1 and Syed Asghar Hussain2
...(RCB) Design with 3 factors, replicated 3 times. Calcium (0, 0.3, 0.6 and 0.9%), Boron (0, 0.25, 0.5%) and Zinc (0, 0.25, 0.5%) were applied as foliar spray three times. Calcium application at 0.6% increased plant height (88.04 cm), number of primary (2.63) and secondary (7.15) branches, leaves plant-1 (182), leaf area (65.52 cm2), and fruit per plant (66.15). In case of B levels, more plant height (88.14 cm), number of primary (2.61) and secondary (7.44) bran...
Riaz Alam* and Muhammad Sajid
...formance of olive cultivars through Air-Layerage was determined at Olive Model Farm, Sangbhatti Mardan-Pakistan during the year 2014. The experiment was laid out according to Randomized Complete Block Design with two factors factorial arrangement. Air layerings were practiced on July 1, 16, 31; August 15, 30 and September 14 in plants of olive cultivars Frontoio, Manzanilla, Ottobratica, P...
Temel Gokturk1, Elif Tozlu2,* and Recep Kotan2
...ngiensis subsp. kurstakii (FDP-41, BAB-410), 1 strain of Bacillus subtilis (EK-7), 1 strain of Pseudomonas chlororaphis (NEM-28) and 1 strain of Bacillus sphaericus GC sub-group D (FD-49) and additionally 1 Beauveria bassiana (ET 10) fungus isolate were examined for their insecticidal activities in this study. The studied bio agents were tested by spraying on R. simulans nymphs and adults. B. thuringiensis s...
Falah Baiee1,3, Wahid Haron1,*, Rosnina Yusoff1, Ariff Omar,2 Nurhusien Yimer1, Salman Hammadi1, Tarig Ahmedeltayeb1, Asmatullah Kaka4
...erences in semen parameters such as sperm volume, motility, morphology, viability, and concentration. In conclusion, gradation of electrical stimulation into three stages (our modified Method II) could help to ease the collection of semen samples from bulls with minimum discomfort signs. Furthermore, the modified method is also recommended to use for other animals, in particular, the wild animals.
...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1,*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
... use of resistant cultivars can prove one of the effective and reliable alternative approaches for the management of this pest. As the information regarding resistant cultivars is lacking, therefore, the objective of the present study was to identify resistant sources from among the available commercial okra cultivars. Okra cultivars showed significant v...
Ibrar Muhammad Khan1, Rifat Ullah Khan1,*, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi2, Tahir Usman2, Adnan Khan1, Zakir Ullah1 and Hamid Rehman1
...e age 3 ± 0.14 years, were selected in three different groups i.e., Sahiwal, Holstein-Friesian and crossbred (Sahiwal x Holstein-Friesian) to compare the semen quality. Semen samples were individually diluted with egg yolk extender and tested for individual motility, progressive motility, plasma membrane integrity, acrosomal and DNA integrity, seminal pH and dead sperm percentage in fresh and thawed semen. Data were subjected to one way analysis ...
Quang Minh Dinh
...n its population parameters. This study was carried out at downstream of Hau River in the Mekong Delta, Vietnam to provide fundamental information on the population biology of T. vagina based on length-frequency distribution analysis of 1,527 individuals. The male to female T. vagina ratio was not significantly different within and between seasons, and the parameters of the von Bertalanffy curve of this fish we...
Shumaila Ashfaq1, Liaqat Ali2*, Muhammad Ashraf Zia2, Rizwan Ahmad Khan2 and Mehtash Butt3
...conventional treatment versus conventional treatment plus hydrocortisone.Double blind randomized control trial. Study conducted in department of anaesthesia and obstetrics of Allama Iqbal Medical College, Jinnah hospital (tertiary care) conducted from13th June 2014to 13th December 2014. Sample size was calculated 60 (30 each) cases using 95% confidence interval, 80% power of test. Patients who developed PDPH after spinal anaesthesia for e...
H.I. Hosein1, Sherin Reda Rouby1*, Ahmed Menshawy1 and Ahmed E. AbdAl-Ghany2
...lecular basis using universal and Bruce ladder PCR. ...
Qunhua Han1,2, Meiwen Zhang1,*, Cong Guo2, Xunjun Zhou1, Bo Li1 and Yong Wang1
...ere randomized into litters of 1-2 (LD, low density), 3-5 (MD, medium density), and 6-9 (HD, high density) individuals, and the body weight, body length, tail length, and hind foot length were measured and curve-fitted by using Von Bertalanffy and Logistic equations. Instantaneous growth rates and growth acceleration of Yangtze voleat different densities were calculated. Results showed that at different stages, the growth of the pups was density-dependent, whi...
Anan Kenthaoand Pornpimol Jearranaiprepame*
...: Pong, Chi, and Mun Rivers. Thirty-two truss measures and standard length were obtained using digital calliper from 291 fish individuals, and raw measured data were then subjected to allometric equation to remove size-dependent variation prior further statistical analyses. Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) indicated highly significant differences in morphometric characters between populations (p <0.01). T...
Wali Khan1,*, Noor-Un-Nisa2 and Aly Khan3
...asitic infection in farmers, education concerned and shepherds of Swat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 1041 stool samples were examined from January 2006 to December 2008 using direct smear and concentration methods. One hundred and fifteen (11.04%) participants were found infected with one or more than one intestinal protozoans. Forty one (35.6%) of the participants were infected with single parasite and seventy four (64.3%) with multiple infections...
Muhammad Iqbal1, Khalid Usman2*, Muhammad Munir3 and Muhammad Sohail Khan1
... the most important factors, which affect pollination efficiency and fruit set. Fruit set, yield and physico-chemical characteristics of date palm cv. Gulistan were assessed under agro climatic condition of D. I. Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2012 and 2013. Treatments consisted of five varied pollination timings i.e., at spathe opening day, 3, 6, 9, and 12 days after spathe opening. Fresh male strand placement technique was used in this study. Stra...
Ümit Kumbıçak, Zübeyde Kumbıçak* and Gülnare Huseynli
...osomes, karyogram and course of meiosis of Hersiliola bayrami were determined based on Giemsa-stained testicular chromosomes for the first time. Results of spermatogonial metaphases showed that the chromosome number and the karyotype formula of the species was 2n♂=35 (X1X2X30) which is the first record for th...
Muhsan Ali Kalhoro1,2, Danling Tang1,*, Ye Hai Jun1, Morozov Evgeny1, Sufen Wang1 and Muhammad Aslam Buzdar2
...shery from Pakistani waters. The catch and effort data of crab fishery from 1999-2009 were obtained from and handbook of Fisheries Statistics of Pakistan. Two computer software programs CEDA and ASPIC were used which were based on surplus production models. From CEDA Fox, Schaeder and Pella-Tomlinson were used with initial proportion (IP) 0.9 were used because the starting catch was 90% of the maximum catch the MSY estimated value from Fox with three error ass...
Saswati Roy1, Rakesh Pashi2, S. Dey3 and Shantanu Jha2
...which belonged to 18 orders. Out of 74 bird species 23 species (31.08%) were recorded as insectivorous, 16 species (21.62%) as omnivorous, 13 species (17.57%) as granivorous, 11 species (14.86%) as carnivorous, 7 species (9.45%) as frugivorous, 2 species were piscivorous (2.70%) and nectarivorous (2.70%). During the study, total fifteen species (20.27%) were recorded as local migratory, nine species (12.16%) were recorded to be winter migratory and rest of the...
Pan Hong, Ruonan Li, Yumeng Li, Hainan Lan* and Xin Zheng*
...resent study shows the first exploration of the behaviour of pGH in a somatic cell model of a domestic animal (pig), providing a basis for further studies on the physiological function of pGH based on its subcellular localization.
...
Gut Microbe Analysis between Asthma Patients and Healthy Volunteers in Shaanxi Province, Xian, China
Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Muhammad Shahzad2, Xiaokang Wu3, Chaofeng Ma4 and Jiru Xu1,*
...on in similarity and diversity of gut microbial composition with comparison of healthy controls. Fecal samples from fifteen patients and five healthy individuals were collected. PCR-DGGE, by using universal primers focusing V3 region of 16S rRNA gene, was performed for characterization of gut microbial composition. Sequencing of most dominant excised gel bands was done. Real-time PCR was p...
Muhammad Saqlain1, Humaira Kalsoom1, Muhammad Fiaz1,2, Abid Mahmood1, Rizwan Aziz Qazi4 ,Waseem Safdar5, Pakeeza Arzoo Shaiq1,Bernard M.Y. Cheung3 and Ghazala Kaukab Raja1,*
.... The 54Thr allele carriers were at increased risk of MetS (OR=3.93, CI=2.09-7.39, p<0.0001) and obesity (for each SD change in BMI, OR=2.00, CI=1.73-2.32, p<.0001). Our genetic study in a population at risk of MetS highlights the strong association of FABP2 54Thr allele with disease and provides further evidence for the involvement of intestinal fatty acid binding protein in the pathogenesis of MetS.
...
Relationship of PIT-1 Gene Polymorphism with Breeding Parameters and Body Weights of Cows and Calves
Jarosław Pytlewski1, Ireneusz Antkowiak1 and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska2,*
... cows and calves, the course of parturition and viability of calves in Polish Black-and-White Holstein-Friesian cattle. The analysis included 1024 cows and 3663 calves of the Polish Black-and-White Holstein-Friesian breed (phf). The study included an analysis of one polymorphic place PIT-1 (c.1178G>A). The source data used to calculate the indicators of reproduction were collected from cows inseminated by semen of Black-a...
İbrahim Aytekin1,*, Ecevit Eyduran2, Koksal Karadas3, Rifat Akşahan4 and İsmail Keskin1
...veral continuous predictors evaluated in the current study were: withers height (WH), back height (BH), front rump height (FRH), back rump height (BRH), body length (BL), back rump width (BRW), chest depth (CD) and chest circumference (CC). Also, the breed factor was considered as a nominal predictor and fattening period (FP) was accepted as an ordinal predictor. To obtain the prediction equation, the results of Multivariate...
Rafiullah*, Muhammad Jamal Khan and Dost Muhammad
...ic Engineering, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar. Wheat (cv. Atta Habib-2010) seeds were first germinated in sand culture and then three weeks old seedlings (7.5 cm) were transferred to water tubs containing Hoagland solution without P. The treatments included 0, 18, 36, 72, 144 and 216 mM as KH2PO4 solution foliarly applied three times with one week intervals starting after two weeks of seedlings transplantation. Eac...
Muhammad Siraj-ud-Din1,2, Riaz Aziz Minhas1, Usman Ali3,*, Mayoor Khan2, Muhammad Siddique Awan1, Nuzhat Shafi1 and Basharat Ahmad1
.... Current study is the first and only detailed study about the habitat and feeding ecology of these wild sheep in Pakistan. The study provides baseline data about the study topic which will help conservation management of the species in the area. The habitat use of urial was determined on the basis of direct or indirect evidence (e.g. animal sightings, fecal pallets and hairs) in different habitats. Information on food consu...
Serap Gelibolu1,*, Yasemen Yanar2, M. Ayce Genc3 and Ercument Genc4
...owth rates and feed conversion rates among groups. Improved live weight and protein efficiency rates reflected positively on the survival rate in MOS-fed fish. Interestingly, the whole body and fillet fatty acid composition shown no-correlation between treated and control groups (p>0.05). During the course of whole body examination, a positive correlation between MOS-fed and control-fed fish was observed for monounsaturat...
Saleh S. Alhewairini
...ly paralyzed after 24 hours. There was significant difference between 2 treatments, 1 and 24 h, in both adult and larvae. The mortality of both adult and larvae was 100% after 48 hours of exposure to oxamyl. In the field, however, Oxamyl was applied in two different applications. A foliar application by spraying and watering application by adding the to the irrigation water. After 2 days of applications, daily monitoring was...
Rana Hanan1*, Muhammad Waqar Shafi1, Sumair Anwar2 and Numrah Nawaz1
...affecting 1 in every 5 persons. In order to determine frequency of hypertension and pre-hypertension among medical students and their association with various variable and fixed risk factors, this study was designed. The cross sectional study of 4 months was carried out on the students of Shalamar Medical and Dental College. Students were aged from 18-25 years and a sample of 100 students ...
Xiaoting Zhang1,2, Jiaxiang Wang1,2,*, Peng Li1,2,* and Lixun Ye1,2
...rich was composed of interstitial tissue and parenchyma. The interstitial tissue formed a layer of serosa on the surface of the lung. The parenchyma of the lung consisted of bronchial levels, atria and respiratory capillaries. The bronchi were divided into the primary, secondary and tertiary bronchi. The wall of the tertiary bronchus had openings for the atria and respiratory capillaries. The respiratory capillaries were sur...
Tanzeela Riaz1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2,* and Syed Shahid Ali3
...d to phosphine for 15 years)viz., Mandi Bahauddin-I (MBDIN-I), Mandi Bahauddin-II (MBDIN-II), Gujrat, Gujranwala and Sargodha were labeled as phosphine-tolerant populations and one population never exposed to any insecticide/fumigant for 13 years was termed as phosphine-susceptible population. Percent change in the activities of above mentioned microsomal enzymes and soluble protein contents in 4th and 6
Rana Fartab Shoukat1, Shoaib Freed1,*, Kanwar Waqas Ahmad1 and Ateeq-ur-Rehman2
...es on biological parameters of C. pipiens and its progeny (P<0.05). The insect pathogenic fungi showed compatibility with insecticides and the combined application can improve the management program of C. pipiens.
...
Wanrong Wei and Weiguo Zhang*
..., protection from predators and extreme environment, and the function of burrows varies with the degree of burrow complexity. We studied the burrow architecture (length, internal dimensions, fractal dimension of tunnel systems, number of nesting chambers and surface holes) by excavating the tunnels of 24 burrow systems of the plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae). Pikas have two types of burrow systems, namely temporary a...
Muhammad Nabeel,1,* Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
... the major limiting factors to maize production throughout the world. As the information regarding its distribution is lacking therefore, its incidence and prevalence was determined in seven major maize growing districts of Punjab during 2016. The maximum overall incidence of maize borer (12%) was recorded in Khanewal district followed by Multan (6%) while it was the minimum (1%) in district Okara. On the other hand, maximum prevalence of maize borer was obser...
Salma Javed, Saima Majeed, Nasira Kazi and Shahina Fayyaz*
...09 is reported for the first time from Pakistan is briefly redescribed and illustrated.
...
SHARIF UDDIN, MD. HASIBUL HASAN, MOHAMMED MAHBUB IQBAL, MOHAMMAD AMZAD HOSSAIN
...er. The surfaces of male’s pectoral were little rough during the breeding season. The Gonado-somatic index (GSI) value of female Anabus testudineus was ranged from 12.71±0.73 (July) to 1.13±0.10 (October) while hepato-somatic index (HSI) value of female was ranged from 4.37±0.64 (January) to 1.58±0.19 (July). The GSI and HSI were inversely related with each other. The fecundity was counted f...
Safdar Ali1*, Ghulam Abbas Shah1, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Shahid Mehmood2, Asim Gulzar3 , Ijaz Ahmad4 and Bashir Ahmad Khan5
...ic Research Area of University Research Farm of PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi during 2012-14.The effects of different tillage systemscombined with glyphosate herbicide on soil moisture content,bulk density and porosity associated with wheat grain yield were evaluated. Seven tillage treatments were applied in the fallow periods (summer seasons) of both years before sowing of w...
Tariq Mahmood*1, Syed Wasif Ahmed Shah1, Muhammad Rais1, Hira Fatima1, Faraz Akrim1 and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem2
...ation are important factors in studying utility of plant material by avifauna. The current study investigated nesting use of tree species by avifauna at Pabbi Range Forest Kharian (32.811°N and 73.865°E), District Gujrat, from September 2013 to June 2015. Data were collected from five selected sampling sites by searching and identifying nests of different bird species in various vegetation types and observing birds on the nest. The nests were monitored...
Ghazala Saeed1, Rabia Wajid1* and Ayesha Yousaf Dar2
...after cesarean section versus vaginal delivery among eclampsiapatients.It is a descriptive case series conducted in Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Lady Willingdon Hospital, from December 2014 to June 2015. In our study, 62.86 % (n=88) patients were between18-25 years of age and 37.14 % (n=52) were between 26-35 years of age. The mean+SD was calculated as 25.12+4.53 yea
Irfan1* , Arshad Javid2 , Muhammad Altaf3 , Muhammad Shahbaz3 , and Khalid Javed Iqbal4
...ew Roman";">), growers with age 14-20 weeks (10 ♂ and 10 ♀) and adult birds with age 24-30 weeks (10
Warda Fatima1 , Shahida Hasnain1 , Saqib Mahmood2
... it isunknown whether it’s a pure genetic disease. It is considered a polygenic multifactorial condition where both genes and environment have roles in disease development. In the present study we selected a family withmultiple schizophrenic patients and have identified some reasons for disease development. It is estimated from study that in Pakistan there is gender bias in schizophrenia unlike the worldwide data because more of males are affected in the...
Sidra Iqbal1, Muhammad Irfan2*, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Fouzia Tabbsum1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1
...al exploitation in all perspectives.
...
Haji Muhammad1, 2, Zafar Iqbal1, Qamar Bashir2, Muhammad Amir Hanif3
...yofauna in the Indus Rivers, Pakistan...
Gamalat Osman1, Mansour Galal1, Abbas Abul-Ezz2, Ahmad Mohammed1, Mohammed Abul-Ela3 and Asmaa Mostafa Hegazy2
...il at intervals of 24 hours, 15 days and 30 days. The LC50 of crude oil for L. carinatus was 700 ppm. HPLC analysis of 16 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in the flesh demonstrated that PAHs accumulation in the treated snails was fluctuated with time. The accumulation is due to their biotransformation process during metabolism. The histopathological observations of the gills and mantle of L. carinatus showed pronounced alterations at 24 hou
Ayesha Aihetasham1*, Khalid Zamir Rasib2, Syeda Rida Hasan1, Imran Bodlah3
...exposure period of 10 hours. B. glabra extracts also caused 100% mortality on 10% and 5% concentration while 96.4% mortality on 3% concentration. C. papaya showed the minimum LT50 of 3.03, 3.8 and 4.86 hours at 10, 5 and 3% concentrations respectively. LT50 of B. glabra was 3.58, 4.17 and 5.07 hours at 10, 5 and 3% concentrations respectively whereas, H. Annus showed LT50 of 3.8, 4.75 and ...
Muhammad Iqbal Anjum*, Shahbaz Javaid and Mukhtar Ahmad Nadeem
...nit weight gain of broilers fed R-III diet was numerically 14% and 9% less than the broilers fed R-II and R-I, respectively. Results suggested that exogenous microbial phytase supplementation to rations having low DCP had positive effects on weight gain, feed: gain ratio and economic efficiency in broiler chicks.
...
Muhammad Khalid, Muhammad Naeem*
...ous morphometric characters i.e. total length (TL) standard length (SL), head length (HL), head width (HW), body girth (BG), body depth (BD), Dorsal fin length (DFL), pectoral fin length (PtFL), pelvic fin length (PvFL), anal fin length (AFL), eye diameter (ED), caudal fin length (CFL), caudal fin width (CFW) of farmed collected Ctenopharyngodonidella were studied to know their correlation with reference to size (TL and W), ...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Syed Makhdoom Hussain1, Farhat Jabeen1, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain 2,Sajjad Ahmad3, Abida Ashraf4,Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan1
...ts. Anti-utritional factors (phytate) are present in plant by-products reduces the bioavailability of minerals to fish, resulting in poor fish erformance. Test ingredient was used as M.oleiferaleaf meal (MOLM) to prepare six experimental diets that were supplemented with graded levels of phytase (0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 FTU kg-1). The fingerlings were fed at the rate of 4% of live wet weight twice a day and feces were collected from each tank. On the b...
Effect of Post-coital intervals on DNA STR profiling of semen donor in the post-coital vaginal swabs
Manzoor Hussaina,b
...llected from six volunteers at different TSI (time since intercourse). Out of these, 42 post coital vaginal swabs (up to TSI 5 days) were used to generate the autosomal DNA profile of the semen donor and twenty of the post coital vaginal swabs obtained at the TSI of 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10 days were not tested for autosomal STR profile and were saved for subsequent analysis of Y-STRs. It was found that autosomal DNA profile of sem...
Fatima Arshad1, Muhammad Irfan2*, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir3, Fouzia Tabbsum3, Javed Iqbal Qazi3
... Methodology. Three factors with three levels such as H2SO4 conc. (0.6, 0.8, 1%), substrate conc. (5, 10, 15%) and residence time (4, 6, 8h) were employed for pretreatment with and without autoclaving at 121oC for 15 min. The enzyme production was carried out in an Erlenmeyer flask of 250mL capacity using pretreated peanut shells as substrate by Bacillus subtilis K-18 in submerged fermentation at 50 °C for 24 h. Results revealed that acid pretreatment was ...
Maleeha Manzoor1*, Madiha Manzoor2, Qurat-ul-ain Ahmed3, Sobia Ahmed4, Shazia Manzoor5
...ocio-demographic characters of patients and their dietary history. Prevalence rate of anemia in the present study was found to be 78% (9.57±1.07), between age 19-40 years and it’s higher in 3rd trimester of their pregnancies. Additionally low educational status and poor dietary habits showed high risks of anemia among the pregnant women....
Maryum Fakhar, Iqra Jabbar, Anjum Nasim Sabri*
...urification of waste waters and treating contaminated soils....
Bushra Mazhar1, Nusrat Jahan1, Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Saiqa andleeb2, Shaukat Ali2*
...cer of vanillin. Bioconversion of waste residues of rice bran oil to vanillin by bacterial strains is of greater interest nowadays. Bioproduction of vanillin is not only considered natural but also safe for human health....
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1, Khanum Zahra2, Arooj Zaheer2, Khizar Samiullah3
...as fibrous protein. Spiders produce several types of silk. Spider silk is important because of its maximum mechanical strength, biocompatibility and biodegradability, pore filling ability and very low immunogenicity. In this review structure and types of silk producing gland, spinning process, chemistry of spider silk fiber, mechanical properties and applications of silk in health, military industry and many other fields is discussed. Its antifungal and antimi...
Phong Huy Pham1 and Hoa Thi Dang2
... fauna of Vietnam. The first information on nesting biology, description, and distributional notes are also provided....
Telat Yanik1,* and Irfan Aslan2
... deforestation on biodiversity, it is imperative to investigate the global warming on aquaculture welfare and productivity. Our current understandings on impacts of altered climate dictate a weak relationship between global warming and naturally occurring migrations. However, several models have been presented that elucidate the negative impact of global warming on the aquatic biodiversity...
Rabia Qurashi, Qurat ul Ane Gillani* and Furhan Iqbal*
...erum biochemical parameters. The hematological parameters did not show any significant variation between the two groups. From amongst serum biochemical parameters triglycerides (P = 0.02) in CGP55845 treated mice showed significant increase compared to the control mice. All other studied parameters remained unaffected indicating that CGP55845 can be inje...
Malak Atiq Ullah Khan* and Fida Mohammad
... maximum values for tillers m-2 (181 tillers); grains spike-1 (71 grains); grain yield (4862 kg ha-1) and thus appeared as leading genotype for yield and production traits. Similarly, G-79 had higher grain yield in all test environments except E-03 i.e. E-01 (4537 kg ha-1); E-02 (4840 kg ha-1); E-04 (5035 kg ha-1); E-05 (4976 kg ha-1); E-06 (4797 kg ha-1); E-07 (5024 kg ha-1); E-08 (4767 kg ha-1); E-09 (4886 kg ha-1) signify...
Qingying Jia1, Hui Wang1, Tianhong Wang1, Na Dong1, Shuguang Ren1,2, Xiaolong Yang1, Jingze Liu1,* and Zhijun Yu1,3,*
...can transmit a great diversity of pathogens. The current study investigated the effects of temperature on reproductive fitness of the engorged H. longicornis, results indicated that the engorged H. longicornis could survive all treatments at 0°C and 4°C, and pre-ovipositon periods were prolonged after 0°C, 4°C and 40°C treatment, whereas it was shortened after 37°C stress (P<0.05). The oviposition periods were varied am...
Rimsha Nawaz1, Muhammad Javed1, Sidra Abbas1* and Safina Kousar2
...ed by measuring the conversion of guaiacol to tetraguaiacol, spectrophotometrically, at a wavelength of 470 nm. The peroxidase activity was measured in the selected organs exposed to various sub-lethal concentrations of iron chloride. The results revealed that peroxidase activity was increased significantly in both kidney and liver after exposure to iron chloride in all the treatments as compared to the control group. It was found that enzyme peroxidase had ac...
Ikramul Haq1, Aneela Zameer Durrani*1, Muhammad Sarwar Khan1, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq2, Imtiaz Ahmad3, Amjad Khan2 and Mehboob Ali1
...dy 294 faecal samples (horse n=217, mules n=23 and donkey n=54) were diagnosed positive for bacteria. The overall prevalence of diarrhea was 72.56% with bacteria in 65.77% of diarrheic cases. The prevalence of different bacterial species shows that E. coli was the most prevalent bacteria with 48.77% as compared to Clostridium perfringens (18.56%) and Salmonella (17.9%). It was concluded that bacteria were the major cause of foal diarrhea i...
Tariq Mahmood1,*, Fakhra Fazal1, Faraz Akrim1, Hira Fatima1 and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem2
...Among anatomical parameters, among females, liver weight and heart length of the two species differed significantly (p < 0.05). Among males, significant differences were found between heart length (p < .001), weight of large intestine, stomach, liver and lungs, and weight of right and left testes (p < 0.05) of the two mongoose species. Other anatomical variables of the two species differed non-significantly (p > 0.05).
...
Faiza Hassan1, Mubshara Saadia1,*, Muhammad Sher1, Mian Anjum Murtaza2, Muhammad Arshad3,Asam Riaz4 and Mahmood Ahmad Khan5
...ther biochemical parameters. However, significant role of garlic extracts; especially the ether extract (EGE) was noted in normalizing the biochemical attributes. On the basis of findings, it is recommended that the garlic ether extract should be applied in herb-drug combinations commonly used as antidiabetic.
...
Niamat Ullah Khan1*, Abdul Aziz Khakwani2, Sami Ullah2, Najeeb Ullah2, Abdur Rauf3 and Inam Ullah2
...ndicated that bolls numbers per plant, bolls weight, lint yield, earliness, lodging, BCR, fibre length and fineness were highest at 150-200 kg N/hectare. The fibre characteristics Indicated that RT had no unfavorable influence on fiber length and fineness compared to FT. In conclusion, RT is a resourceful alternative tillage method for rising earliness %, cotton yield and fiber characteristics in D.I. Khan, Pakistan environments. ...
Soraya Khosravian Dehordi*, Abdolnaser Mohebbi and Kahin Shahanipour
...) influencing on biomarkers of oxidative status in the rats spleen exposed to the cadmium (Cd) metal. For this purpose, thirty male rats equally divided into six groups, group I received nano-Se (0.1mg/kg) alone as dose, group II selenite odium (0.1mg Se/kg) alone, group III Cd chloride (300mg/250cc), group IV Cd along with nano-Se, group V Cd along with selenite sodium and group VI (control) given (1 ml) saline. All doses was orally (gavage) given to rates.Pr...
Ayesha Aihetasham*, Faiza Qayyum and Muhammad Xaaceph
...nt to C. heimi. The workers of C. heimi were exposed to fungus for 60, 45, 30, 20, 15, 10 minutes and percentage mortality and consumptions were noted during eight days period. Results showed that workers of C. heimi responded effectively to different exposure time. Percentage mortality in 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60 minutes exposure was 46.7%, 55.6%, 67.5%, 76%, 85.3%, 100%, respectively. And, control showed 0% mortality. There ...
Farah Rauf Shakoori, Momina Shokat, Faiza Saleem and Tanzeela Riaz
...aining xylan after 48 hours of incubation. Maximum amount of enzyme was produced by XPB-GS02 at 45ᵒC, pH 9 using 1% xylan concentration, while XPB-CW01 produced maximum amount of xylanase at 50ᵒC, pH 7 with 1.5% xylan concentration. Maximum xylanase activity was achieved at temperature 50ᵒC, pH9 with 2% xylan concentration. Xylanase produced by XPB-GS02 was active from 35-80oC, while XPB-CW01 was active from 30 _70oC with optimum temperature ...
Mohammed Mahbub Iqbal*, Mehedi Hasan Kanon, Mohammad Amzad Hossain, Abul Hossain, Shamima Nasren, Md. Jahidul Islam, Md. Arifur Rahman
...e Konoskhaihaor area covers 104.50 acres of land containing 6 small to large beels. In the monsoon haor remains under water. A total of 37 fish species belong to 7 orders including prawns were found. Among the 37 species 5 were vulnerable, 7 endangered, 1 critically endangered, 3 exotic, 20 not threatened and 1 not evaluated according to IUCN, Bangladesh, 2000. The Shannon-Weaver diversity...
Phong Huy Pham*
...ed by D. esuriens. The first sting aims at the sixth segment and the second at the seventh segment. The total time of catching the prey is about four minutes. A green worm, one of mainly insect pests on sesban, is one of the preferred prey of D. esuriens. ...
Abdul Malik1,2, Ghulam Abbas1,*, Abdul Ghaffar3, Sara Ferrando4 and Lorenzo Gallus4
...daily WG, SGR, feed conversion and survival rate from 15‰ to 30‰ salinity than those reared in 35‰ and 40‰ salinity. Condition factor was found to be significantly higher on 40‰ salinity than 15‰ to 35‰ salinity. Feed conversion ratio remained non-significant in all salinity levels. Present study proves that red tilapia can be reared up to 30‰ salinity to get optimum gr...
RuiHua Zhang, YongFang Jia, TingTing Liang, QianWen Yang, QiYan Du and ZhongJie Chang*
...000 bp upstream of the 5’ end of these genes. These TFs include BSX, BRN4 and NGN–NEUROD, which have been shown to be involved in the early stages of neuronal determination and neurogenesis in vertebrates. Tissue distribution analyses by Quantitative real-time RT-PCR (qRT-PCR) revealed that CcSoxD genes were abundant in the brain, showed sexual dimorphism, and were inconsistently expressed during embryogenesis. These results indicated that <...
Zia ur Rehman1, Naila Chand1, Rifat Ullah Khan2,*, Sarzamin Khan1 and Muhammad Subhan Qureshi3
... brooding room for the first two weeks and then chicks were divided into two groups: TN and HAT. Chicks in TN group were housed at constant room temperature (25ºC ± 2ºC and RH 65 ±5%) while chicks in HAT group were kept at high ambient temperature. In the TN zone, significantly (P< 0.05) higher feed intake and weight gain were recorded on day 21, 28, 35 and 42. Feed intake in TN zone was 3.02, 9.79, 9.74 and 12.14 % higher than feed ...
Yakut Gevrekçi* and Çiğdem Takma
...f 1912 EP records of layers which hatched at four different periods were collected from a commercial flock in west of Turkey. The analysis performed with cathegorical (cage and line) and continuous (hatch, age at sexual maturity and body weight of sexual maturity) predictors and a continuous response variable (EP). The Spearman’s rho correlation coefficients among all predictor varia...
Amjad Khan1,*, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq1, Mansur ud Din Ahmad1, Jawad Nazir1, Zahida Fatima2, Asghar Khan3 and Shahid Hussain Farooqi3
...quine industry stakeholders no vaccination against EI is performed, also the information regarding the epidemiology and occurrence of EI is lacking in Pakistan. We hereby attempted to determine the seroprevalence, investigating the EI outbreak 2015-16, and describing the demographic and management risk factors associated with seroprevalence of EIV. Using ELISA kit and HI as serological methods for diagnosis, we found a 24.13...
Yunjun Yan, Zhenming Lü, Tianming Wang, Yongjiu Chen, Jingwen Yang, Baoying Guo, Lihua Jiang, Changwen Wu and Liqin Liu*
...d of 15843 nucleotide pairs and encodes 13 proteins, 2 ribosomal RNAs (rRNAs), 22 transfer RNAs (tRNAs) and a major long noncoding region (LNCR) of the mitochondrion’s own protein synthesizing system. Seven of thirteen proteins, eight tRNAs are encoded by the plus strand, while the other proteins and tRNAs, as well as two rRNAs are encoded by the minus strand. Two (ND4 and ND4L) of the 13 protein coding genes of O.<...
Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Saima Masood1,*, Hafsa Zaneb1, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Asim Aslam3, Kamran Ashraf4, Habib-ur-Rehman5, Muti-ur-Rehman3 and Muhammad Shabir Shaheen6
...r replicate were 8.The first group was kept as control (CONT) whereas, the second (MOSG) and third (OABG) groups were given MOS (2g / kg of feed) and OAB (3g / kg of feed), respectively. The fourth group (MOS+OAB) was given combination of MOS (2g / kg of feed) and OAB (3g / kg of feed). Birds were given ad-libitum feed and water during an experiment of 35 days. At the end of trial, two birds from each replicate were slaughtered for analysis of the selected par...
Saara Ahmad1,*, Iftikhar Ahmed2, Saida Haider3, Zehra Batool3, Fatima Ahmed4, Saiqa Tabassum3,6, Syeda Madiha3, Tahira Perveen3 and Saad Bilal Ahmed5
...h outcomes on the consumers. The ill effects account for hyper-lipidemias and imbalance in the steroidal sex hormones may result in the development of cysts in the ovaries with resultant difficulties in reproduction. The present study was done on 75 rats divided randomly in 5 equal groups fed with rat chow, caged chicken meat, uncaged chicken meat, raw spinach and soybean for a period of six weeks. The levels of plasma cholesterol, progestril, estradiol, and a...
Qamar-un-Nisa1, Muhammad Younus2,*, Muti-ur-Rehman1, Azhar Maqbool3 and Sajid Umar4
...own, especially in broilers. The current study was aimed to assess the probable synergism of E. coli (O78) and velogenic Newcastle disease virus in the broiler model. Three-week-old commercial broilers were inoculated with either vNDV, E. coli serotype O78 or both agents simultaneously or 3 days apart. The birds were clinically observed and swabbed daily. They were killed at 4 and 14 days after single or dual i...
Tania Ahmed Shakoori1,*, Muhammad Saqib Saeed2, Asif Hanif2, Saima Mukhtar3 and Ayesha Ghauri4
...quo;frequent exacerbator’ phenotype and determine the risk factors for increased frequency of acute exacerbations in local chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients in a cross sectional analytical study design. For this purpose 137 patients were included in the study after obtaining necessary permissions from the ethical board of the hospital. COPD was diagnosed on the basis of clinical symptoms and a post ...
Muhammad Zahid1*, Muhammad Ather Javed Khan2, Muhammad Idrees3 and Ahmad Kamran Khan4
...s by the registered growers of Hasilpur, Punjab. In order to collect this information an interview schedule was prepared and respondents (150 growers of farmer field school) were interviewed personally by the author. The findings revealed 98.7%, 100% and 98% cotton growers were aware of hoeing, leaf curl virus and biological control of insects-pests. Bef...
Tania A. Shakoori1,*, Soumble Zulfiqar2, Khadija Irfan Khawaja3 and Faisal Masud4
... mice treated with NaB versus placebo. Four groups of mice (n=27) mice were administered oral NaB, intraperitoneal (i.p) NaB, oral placebo or i.p placebo for 16 days. RNA was isolated from the epididymal fat pads and relative genetic expression of AMPK, Sirt1, mTOR and Akt was measured using real time PCR. Oral NaB group showed decreased genetic expression of AMPK (0.04 fold, p<0.001), mTOR (0.30 fold, p=0.04), Akt (0.29 fold, p=0.67) and Sirt1 (0.83 fold, ...
Muhammad Jamal Nasir*, Anwar Saeed Khan and Said Alam
...mine the ability of farmers to detect climate change and how they have adapted to whatever climate change they believe has occurred. Farmers have indigenous knowledge of the climate of the area to predict and forecast the changing weather and climate. Knowing such traditional knowledge provides an opportunity to understand how the farmers are adapting to...
Muhammad Tariq1*, Muhammad Khawar Hussain1, Zilakat Khan Malik2 and Noor Jehan1
...lected strawberry producers of two purposively selected villages of district Charsadda. Out of 382 producers 176 were located in Tebana Dhere and 206 in Sarkai village. It is find out that 47% of land area was under the cultivation of strawberry with average production of 2898 kilogram per acre. The per acre average values of land preparation, NPK fertilizer, labor, seedling, farm yard man...
Tahira Kamal1*, Saeed-Ul-Hassan Khan2, Amir Bin Zahoor3, Khalid Naeem3, Muhammad Naeem Riaz1, Siddra Tayyab Akhtar4, Ghulam Muhammad Ali1*
...Elisa, cell culture, Reverse Transcriptase (RT-PCR) and real time PCR need specific high quality equipments in lab. Whereas Lamp PCR is simple and accurate test for the rapid diagnosis of FMD. This study has been done initially with FMD known serotypes (O, A, Asia1) already in use at animal health.Viral RNAs were extracted using R Neasy Minikit (Qiagen) according to instruction manual. After extraction RNAs were eluted in 60 ul elution buffer and stored at -70...
Lowell Gustafson
...et Religion, Ted Peters makes an important contribution to our thinking about a crucial set of dialogues among science, history, and religion. His goal is to expand a secular view of Big History to one of Cosmic History that includes a view of God as its author or co-author. I quibble at a number of points: (1) big historians and some scientists see meaning in nature and history despite Peters&rs...
Waqas Liaqat1, Mohammad Akmal1* and Jawad Ali
... Research Farm, the University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. Experiment was a randomized complete block with split plots in three replications. Factor one was sowing dates (June 18, 30, July 15, 29 and August 5) as main plot treatment. The second factor was maize selected varieties (i.e. Azam, Jalal, Babar, CS-200, CS-220, SB-92K97, SB-909, SB-989, and SB-292) as subplot treatment. Experimental unit was 3.5 m x 3.6 m accommodating 5 rows at 0.7 m...
Ann Milliken Pederson
...nk of water. Indeed, Peters claims that humans have an “ontological thirst” for the ultimate and this book attempts to satisfy the thirst or at least provide the water to drink. In a world where fragmentation, brutality, and chaos mark the lives of so many, it is no wonder that people long for wholeness, healing, transformation, and an encounter with the ultimate. Ted Pete
Nancy R. Howell
...mic History, Ted Peters carries Big History beyond the scientific horizon to reflect on the God of creation and redemption. In critique, I ask two questions: (1) What does Peters’ Cosmic History contribute to addressing the issue of particularity? (2) In what ways does Peters lead us to deeper thinking about the nature of God? Surely, reflectio...
Muhammad Zamin* and Abdul Mateen Khattak
...sting variations and diversity of Sporobolus spicatus and its suitability as turf grass needed to be assessed for conservation and to combat salinity problem. For this purpose, various ecotypes of Sporobolus spicatus were investigated by conducting mowing tests in the year 2013 under UAE climatic conditions. Fifty ecotypes of Sporobolus spicatus were cut at various heights, i.e. 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 cm. Significant differences were found among various ecotypes and...
Francisco J. Ayala
...In chapter 19 of Ted Peters’ new book, God in Cosmic History, he addresses the knotty question of teleology in evolutionary biology. This requires further discussion. Scientifically speaking, we can perceive design in nature without a designer. On the one hand, there is purpose in nature. Human eyes have a purpose, namely, to see. Teleological explanations are required in biology for (1) goal oriented behavior; ...
Ted Peters
...aise the question of God’s existence or God’s grace in a meaningful way while studying a combination of natural history and human history? No, say big historians; we cannot ask the God question. Religion maybe, but certainly not God. It follows that we need more than just Big History which looks at nature through scientific lenses. We need Cosmic History to pose the God question, and even to discern human meaning...
Ayesha Bibi*, Musharaf Ahmad and Shaukat Hussain
...lonies Cmm-specific primers CMM-5 and CMM-6 were used for amplification of 614bp product from pat-1 gene of bacterial plasmid. The whole bacterial DNA was used as template, extracted with standard procedures using commercially available kit i.e. protinase-K (sigma). 27 out of 34 isolates were confirmed as Cmm having 614bp band. Black nightshade (Solanum nigrum L) was the only weed from which pathogen was consistently isolated. From Northern KP, a total of nine...
...study sites for three hours once a week by instantaneous sampling method for 16 weeks, from 18th April to 8th July in 2014. The frequency of stereotypic behavior including auto mutilation, refusal of food stuff, feces licking, unnatural aggressiveness, pacing, head tossing was more periodic in lions housed at Lahore Zoo (site 1) in contrast to lions at display at Safari zoo Lahore (site 2). The frequency of natural behavior was periodic i...
Shahid Mehmood1,*, Bushra Nisar Khan1, Hassan Raza1, Rida Ahmad1, Azhar Muhammad3, Zulfiqar Ali2, Farhan Abid1, Fehmeeda Bibi4 and Syed Maviz Ahmed5
...r round bird species diversity from October 2014 to September 2015 at Safari Zoo Lahore (31°22’57 N, 74° 12’ 47 E and elevation 208m) located in district Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan. In total, 5456 birds belonging to 71 species, 40 families and 12 orders were recorded. Bird species distribution was: year round resid...
Abdul Malik1,2, Ghulam Abbas1,*, Abdul Ghaffar3, Sara Ferrando4, Lorenzo Gallus4 and Syed Sajjad A. Shah2,3
...study was 56 days. Brooders (48) having mean weight (male 162±0.2 g and female 160±2.5 g) were selected and stocked into hapa nets in 12 fiberglass tanks (2000-liter). Ratio among male and female was 1:3. They were fed with commercial floating pelleted feed constituting 35% crude protein with 2% body weight twice a day. Eggs were collected on weekly basis by cultch removal method. Results showed that the highest fecundity, fertility, hatchability...
Jo Ik-Hwan1, Choi Kwang-Won1 and Muhammad Fiaz2,*
...capacity for Hanwoo heifers than that of rye monoculture. DM and TDN yield under 100 kg manure was higher (P<0.05) than control and 50 kg N/ha levels but not different (P>0.05) with that of 150 kg N/ha. Manure levels did not affect (P>0.05) protein yield. The carrying capacity for Hanwoo heifers was not different among zero, 50 and 100 kg manure levels, whereas it was higher at 150 kg N/ha (P<0.05) than all other...
Syed Asif Imran Shah1*, Shah Jehan Khan2, Kalim Ullah1 and Obaid Ullah Sayal2
...m. These genetically diverse genotypes with absolute and significant association of attributes could be utilized in future cotton breeding program ...
Muhammad Abubakar,1,2,* Aamer Bin Zahur,1,3 Khalid Naeem1,3, Muhammad Azeem Khan1,3 and Subhan Qureshi4
...ns of PPRV was more dispersed as the isolate collected from Taxilla was clustered slightly distinct compared to rest of the isolates collected from Pakistan. Our findings are indicative of PPR endemic state of the country.
...
Tasleem Akhtar*, Muhammad Asif Aziz, Muhammad Naeem, Muhammad Sheraz Ahmedand Imran Bodlah
...div>...
Muhammad Luqman1,3, Raheel Saqib2*, Xu Shiwei3 and Yu Wen3
...ed to find out the barriers which limit the active participation of both the genders (men and women) in agricultural operations and also towards gender disparity in agricultural extension. Agriculture comprises of a number of farming activities, where both men and women are involved in multiple diverse nature of field operations. Inspite of their high contribution in farm and non-farm acti...
Imran Khan*, Zahir Shah, Wiqar Ahmad, Farmanullah Khan and Muhammad Sharif
...c and inorganic fertilizers application to wheat crop on organic matter, micro-nutrient status and physical properties of soil at the NDF Farm, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2015-16. The study was planned in RCB split plot design with fertilizers; control (Farmer’s practices, FP, 60-45 N-P2O5 kg ha-1), NPK recommended dose (RD, 120...
Ronaq Zaman*, Shahid Ali and Inam Ullah
...n broiler farming. Broilers farmers also need to be provided with loan facility on easy installments, for a smooth running of broiler farms in future. ...
Senol Celik1,* and Orhan Yilmaz2
...ever, variables and factors that correctly estimate this trait are lacking. Here, we applied classification and regression tree (CART) and multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) approaches to estimate the most important variables in predicting the body weight of Turkish Tazi dogs. Using various body measurements, the CART algorithm proposed that withers
Abdul Malik1,2, Ghulam Abbas1,*, Abdul Ghaffar3, Ghulam Dastagir4, Sara Ferrando5, Lorenzo Gallus5, Asad Ali Muhammad1,6, Abdul Jabbar2 and Khalil-ur-Rehman2
...h performance, food conversion, body composition and survival rate of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (mean body weight 4.5±0.5 g) were investigated. Fingerlings were randomly distributed into the glass tanks (60 x 30 x 45 cm each). Ten fish per tank were stocked with two replications. Fish were fed with commercial floating pellet (35% protein) with 3% of total biomass day-1 for 50 days. Results showed that the growth increment rea...
John Martin Fischer
...e incompatibility of God’s foreknowledge and human freedom to do otherwise. The arguments are fueled by the intuitive idea of the fixity of the past. I distinguish different versions of the argument, and I contend that it is important to see that the arguments are different, even though they are motivated by the same basic intuitive ideas. It is also important to see how they are the same in significant ways.
...
Meghan Griffith
... having it. Thus, he offers a parallel to one of his landmark views, namely his semicompatibilism about determinism. Fischer defines semicompatibilism about determinism as “the doctrine that moral responsibility is compatible with causal determinism, even if causal determinism rules out freedom to do otherwise” (49). In Our Fate, he suggests that moral responsibility is compatible with foreknowledge, even if foreknowledge rules out this kind...
Saima Akhtar Qureshi1 and Asim Anwar2*, Ather Maqsood Ahmed3
...ral parasites and predators are used to check pest growth instead of pesticides which reduces ecological and health damage. Pesticides are used at the last resort in IMP method so it reduces the cost of production and increases the farmers’ profit. However, concerns about production may hinder widespread adoption of this technology by farmers. The ...
Muhammad Ijaz Khan* and Amanullah Jan
...of crops, soil conditioners are used. This study was carried out to evaluate the impact of soil conditioning and irrigation regimes on the performance of maize crop during 2011 and 2012. Four irrigation regimes ranging from 3-6 irrigation in relation to the critical stages of maize crop were applied. Irrigation consisted of 93 mm water. Three organic soil conditioners viz., farmyard manure (10000 kg ha-1), wheat straw as cro...
Katherin Rogers
...up> I will defend Anselm’s more systematically worked out version of this solution. (My interpretation of Anselm is not universally accepted, but here I am more concerned with the philosophical plausibility of the proposed solution.2) I will explain why the Anselmian does not find Pike’s version ...
Aqsa Waqar1, Sahir Hameed Khattak2, Sania Begum2*, Tayyaba Rehman1, Rabia1, Armghan Shehzad2, Wajya Ajmal2, Syeda Shahdana Zia2, Iqra Siddiqi2 and Ghulam Muhammad Ali2*
...designing molecular markers for non-race-specific resistance genes. Use of molecular markers is efficient tool for screening diversity of rust genes in wheat germplasm and can facilitate the integration of multiple genes into wheat by pyramiding and transformation. This review discusses information regarding rust disease and resistance in wheat to tackle the disease through resistance bree...
Wang Jian1, Abdur Rehman2*, Noor Khan3, Wang Zhengjia4, Ji Peng-fei5, Xie Cong6, Muhammad Niamatullah Khan Babar7 and Raheel Saqib8
...food consumption ranks first, household consumption has second, clothing consumption third, family equipment consumption fourth have highest close relation with the per capita income of rural households. Lastly the healthcare, transport communication, education and other consumptions have a relatively lower correlation with the rural households’ per capita income. The prediction accuracy grade is good for all per capit...
Afsheen Masood1*, Rubab Musarrat2, Shama Mazahir3 and Adeela Ashraf4
...ologists, community workers and the future researchers. ...
Aneeza Jamshed1* and Syed Amir Gillani2
... with the age of 9-12 years. During pre-testing evaluation, students were never given the knowledge about hepatitis C, its source of transmission (contaminated syringes) and its secondary prevention. Only 3% knew that it can be prevented. About 61% thought that it is a disease of adults. Only 21.1% students thought it can be cured. In post awareness assessment after 3 sessions of interactive learning, 92% students understood...
Arooj Fatima1* and Ashfaq Ahmed2
...al was conducted at University Physical therapy and Rehabilitation clinic, Raiwind road, Lahore. The study included sample size of 50 subjects diagnosed with rotator cuff tendinopathy. Patients included in study were allocated randomly into; Group-A: This group was treated with routine physiotherapy treatment. Group-B: In this group, subjects were trained with eccentric loading exercises along with routine physiotherapy treatment. The outcome measures were pai...
Zehra Mohsin1*, Sarah Shahed2 and Talat Sohail2
...onal quality of lifeof nurses in public hospitals. A sample of 160 nurses of age (M=33.48, SD=9.18) was selected from public hospitals of Lahore. The nurses completed a demographic information form, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Supportand Professional Quality of Life Scale. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Two demographic varia...
Muhammad Yahya Noori1*, Saharish Rizwan2, Zaheer Ali3 and Shaheen Sharafat4
...reg; and online calculators. Analysis of contact data showed that only 36% of the patients had a close contact with a known Tuberculosis patient. Chi-square test did not show any association between history of presence of a contact and the patients’ gender (p>0.5). Among the cases with established exposure with a TB patient among close contacts, 17.5% females and 12.5% males reported exposure with a contact outside ...
Uzma Zahid
...ts three subscales (leadership, achievement, educational) and their relationship with life-satisfaction in final year medical school students of both genders. This cross-sectional study was carried out in final year students of a medical college in Rawalpindi, Pakistan using 24 items revised English Version of Career Aspiration Scale (CAS) and 5 items Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS). T...
Michael Almeida
...> According to Pike, God’s foreknowledge that we will perform some action is inconsistent with our freedom to do otherwise. If freedom requires the freedom to do otherwise, then God’s foreknowledge undermines our freedom. Divine foreknowledge that we will perform some action makes alternative actions unavailable to us.
...
Richard Swinburne
...esented his very clear version of an ancient argument purporting to show that a temporal God (that is, one who exists at all moments of time), could not have infallible knowledge of any future causally undetermined contingent event, and so – if there are any such events - could not be essentially omniscient, in the sense of having infallible knowledge of all true propositions. Given the assumption that human free actions are causally underdetermined...
Bruce R. Reichenbach
...nly no less true in matters dealing with the relationship between God’s foreknowledge and human free actions. In what follows I will argue that the incompatibilist view that Fischer and others stalwartly defend results from the particular starting point they choose, and that if one adopts a different starting point about divine knowledge the logical incompatibility they envision...
Alan R. Rhoda
...
John Martin Fischer’s work has long been at the forefront of discussions on divine foreknowledge and human freedom. I have a great deal of respect for his work in this area and have learned much from him, so it’s an honor to have been invited to comment on his recently published collection of essays on this topic (Fischer 2016). Given my space limitations and time constraints, I have decided to focus my comm...
John Martin Fischer
...it is plausible that God’s foreknowledge is incompatible with human freedom to do otherwise. She also agrees with me that this still leaves the question of whether God’s foreknowledge rules out acting freely (and moral responsibility). I defend semicompatibilism about God’s foreknowledge and moral responsibility; thus I hold that acting freely and moral responsibility are...
Bashir Ahmad1*, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Hayad Zada2, Shahid Sattar1, Toheed Iqbal3, Saddam Hussain1 and Muhammad Saeed4
... were recorded in the years 2012 and 2013 respectively. Then population declined from September to November 3.5 and 3.1 larvae and pupae was recorded per plant in both years as the lowest number. In the year 2012, mean maximum and minimum temp showed non- significant negative and positive association (r=-0.32 and 0.07) with population of P. xylostella respectively. Similarly R.H (r=0.89) exhibited positive highly significant...
Shahid Iqbal1*, Amir Nawaz Khan2, Mushtaq Ahmad Jadoon3 and Intikhab Alam3
... villages of District Charsadda. The study findings reveal a significant difference in the area under wheat, maize and vegetables after the flood. At the same time, the area under sugarcane and fodder had also decreased to some extent. Similarly, the use of chemical fertilizers and farm yard manure was also decreased due to decrease in the income of the households after the floods-2010 while an increase, though non-significa...
Fazal Ullah1*, Muhammad Sajid1, Syeda Leeda Gul2, Bibi Zainub1 and Maaz Khan1
...f Horticulture, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan. The research was conducted in completely randomized design (CRD) with two factors i.e. hot water dipping times (0, 5, 10, and 15 Minutes) and storage durations (0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 Days). Hot water dipping times significantly affected the quality parameters of Sherkhana-I sweet orange fruits. The fruits of sweet orange hav...
Muhammad Hafeez-ur-Rehman1,Farzana Abbas2,Ghulam Abbas3,*, Arshad Javid4, Ali Hussain4, Syedah Andleeb5,Khalid Javed Iqbal6 and Muhammad Akmal1
Mahboob Ali1, Muhammad Avais1, Riaz Hussain2, Kashif Prince1,*, Muhammad Ijaz1, Mamoona Chaudhry 3, Sehrish Firyal4, Amjad Islam Aqib1, Naimat Ullah Khan5 , Mian Saeed Sarwar5, Hazrat Ali5, Shahid Hussain Farooqi1, Ikramul Haq1 and Muhammad Sajid Hasni3
...ion of assumed risk factors with prevalence. Nonparametric tests at 5% probability were applied to check significance of results. The study noted overall 33.98% (123/362) of MDR S. aureus from subclinical mastitis milk samples while 123 of 192 S. aureus isolates (64.06%) were confirmed MDR. Non-significantly higher prevalence of MDR was noted in Cholistan area (38.38%) than to that of Sulaiman Range (29.98%) on subclinical mastitis samples basis ...
Kashif Prince1,*, M. Sarwar Khan1, Muhammad Ijaz1, Aftab Ahmad Anjum2, Muhammad Asad Ali2, Jawaria Ali Khan1, Nisar Ahmad3,Rais Ahmed2, Aamerzish Mushtaq4, Sajid Umar4 and Yung-Fu Chang5
...ciation of its risk factors in cattle and buffaloes of district Kasur, Punjab. Selenium status was evaluated by Atomic Absorptions Spectrophotometery (AAS) with respect to sex of animals, geographical area, age of animals, herd size, stage of animals, production level and concentrate feeding. Selenium deficiency was also evaluated as a risk factor of mastitis and repeat breeding. About 48.43% cattle and 72.39% buffaloes were found positive in selenium deficien...
Samra Imran1,* and Afifa Tanweer2
...graphic and dietary factors with the nutritional status of Pakistani celiac patients. For this purpose 50 diagnosed celiac patients were selected from Shaikh Zayed Medical Complex and Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Nutritional assessment was carried out through anthropometric, biochemical and dietary evaluation of the participants. Results indicated that participants aged less than 18 years and those diagnosed within fi
Alptug Sari*, Ahmet Arpacik and Sagdan Baskaya
...ird species of Erzurum Marshes, which were known to be the “Bird Paradise” in the region until recently experiencing a rapid decline. Risks threatening bird species in the region were examined. Erzurum Marshes, located in the northeastern part of the country, host almost half of the bird species of Turkey of which many bird species are under threat both at national and international level. In all 239 bird species...
Wali Khan1,*, Noor-Un-Nisa2 and Muhammad Asif Nawaz3
...s) infections among farmers, education concerned and shepherds of Swat, Pakistan. A total of 1041 stool samples were examined from January 2006 to December 2008 using direct smear and concentration methods. Two hundred and twenty one (21.2%) participants were found infected with one or more than one intestinal tapeworms. Seventy seven (7.39%) of the participants were infected with single parasite and one hundred forty four (13.8%) with multiple infections. ...
Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar1*, Abid Ali2, Manzoor Hussain2, Saadia3, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar4, Ijaz Ahmad5 and Sohail Latif6
...use of chemical fertilizers bring forth higher production cost and pollute the soil environment. Therefore, some alternative but sustainable, environment friendly and cost effective approaches of nutrient management can be a possible solution for these problems. So the present study was conducted at Agronomic Research Area, Groundnut Research Station Attock, Pakistan during rabi 2013-14 to check the effect of different integrated nutrients management strategie...
Noreen Rasul1*, Madeeha Rashid2, Aqeela Abbas1 and Rubina Sohail3
... (3087). In 55.4%neonate’s(both preterm and term)early essential newborn care was practiced.Total preterm were 290 (4.5%), out of them 121 (2%) neonates were kept in Kangaroo Mother Care position and 129 (44%) were shifted to neonatal intensive care unit. 14% parents refused for KMC position and discharged. Mortality in preterm newborn in neonatal unit was 29.4% (without KMC) but no mortality occurred after 3 months follow up in KMC babies. All the neona...
Bashir Ahmad1, Muhammad Idrees1,*, Kafeel Ahmad1, Dawood Ahmad2, Sajid Ali3 and Shumaila Bashir4
...to study the genetic diversity in the M. tuberculosis isolates isolated from clinical samples. In the current study total 794 patients were tested for suspected tuberculosis by fluorescence microscopy and GeneXpert system during the study period (2015-2016) at the Provincial TB Reference Laboratory, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Among the 794 patients studied, 170 samples gave positive results. Fifty-two Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) ...
Ali Murad Rahoo,1,2,* Tariq Mukhtar,1,3 Shoukat Ibrahim Abro,4 Barkat Ali Bughio5 and Rehana Kanwal Rahoo6
...ignificantly higher numbers of IJ were produced by Heterorhabditid species than Steinernematid species in the cadaver. The production of IJ was the maximum in the case of H. bacteriophora which was not statistically different form H. indica. Minimum IJ were produced by S. feltiae. The IJ produced by S. kraussei and S. carpocapsae were statistically similar. The emergence of Steinernematids started from the 14th day...
Rahila Nizami1, Muhammad Zahid Latif2*, Intzar Hussain3 and Khalid Rashid4
...xt-align: justify;">Leadership is an obligatory inter-personal skill for executive positions and medical professionals are no exception. They play crucial roles in variety of scenarios including leading wards, camps, campaigns, open houses, seminars and symposiums as well as day-to-day bases dealing with clinical directors and manage
Sadaf Ghulam Rasul1*, Uzma Yaqub2, Maida Manzoor1 and Hafsa Mubasshar1
...ain score with Danazol versus Letrozole for the pain management of endometriosis in females. A total of 140 females fulfilling inclusion criteria were registered and an non-probability purposive technique of sampling was used. Diagnostic laparoscopy was conducted to make a diagnosis of endometriosis. Females were divided into two groups. Females in group A received treatment with Letrozole tablets (2.5 mg/day) and in group B received Danazol tablets (600 mg/da...
Nukhbat-Ullah Awan1*, Muhammad Sohail2, Zeeshan Sarwar3, Muhammad Mustahsen Bashir4, Muhammad Abbas Khokhar5 and Asad Aizaz Chatha6
...-six adults of both genders, diagnosed as grade II tetanus patients, were included. Clinical characteristics, mode of trauma, incubation period, vaccination status and investigations were recorded. All patients were managed in ICU and early tracheostomy was performed in addition to standardized medical treatment. A total of 86% males with age 32±8.3 years presented the study participants. Results demonstrated thatmost...
Ayesha Saeed*, Mobina Naqvi and Ahsan Javed
...sessed through 6-items Version of U.S. Household Food Security Survey and cohort was followed until delivery, and birth weight was recorded. Follow up could be completed for 50 women only and response rate was 49%. Descriptive statistics were calculated, and relative risk and multinomial logistic Regression were applied using SPSS version 22. Mean maternal age was 28.100+4.824 years, mean ...
Abida Sajid* and Aqsam Sajid
...eading to anemia and adverse pregnancy outcome especially in young girls. Anemia is a major public health problem. Around 58.27 million women worldwide are anemic during pregnancy 95% of whom live in countries that are developing. To know the frequency of anemia, and obstetric outcome in terms of preterm delivery, low birth weight and rate of caesarean section in young Primigravida. It was a cross sectional study, conducted in the department of Gynae & Obs...
Zahid Akram, Saif Ullah Ajmal, Ghulam Shabbir, Muhammad Munir and Nasir Mahmood Cheema
INHERITANCE MECHANISM OF SOME YIELD COMPONENTS IN BREAD WHEAT
...rent for all the parameters. Uniformity of Wr-Vr over arrays as well as significant deviation of regression coefficient (b) from unity confirmed the suitability of additive-dominance model to account for the data analysis. The estimates of genetic component of variation in all the traits exhibited the preponderance of
over dominance gene action. The estimates of average degree of dominance for spike length (1.139), 1000 grain weight (1.421), number...
Muhammad Naeem Safdar, Khalid Naseem, Muhammad Amjad, Amer Mumtaz and Saeeda Raza*
...008. The quality parameters studied were test weight, 1000 kernel weight, foreign matter (non-edible and edible), broken/shrunken grains, damaged grains, moisture, ash, protein (N x 5.7), wet and dry gluten, falling number, and minerals (copper, manganese, iron, zinc). It was observed that wheat samples varied considerably within each region and also between regions. Attock region samples had highest test weight (80.50 kg hl -1), protein (11.80 %) and lowest n...
S. M. I. Hossain*, S. U. K. Eusufzai and M. A. Rahman**
...growth and yield parameters of six sugarcane varieties (Isd 16, Isd 30, Isd 31, Isd 32, Isd 33 and Isd 34). The experiment was laid up in two factors split-plot design with five irrigation levels in main plots and six varieties in subplots. Irrigations at 21, 28, 35 or 42 days interval in addition to two live irrigations increased sugarcane yield from 15% to 46%. Irrigation at 21 days interval showed higher establishment, ti...
Muhammad Iqbal, Jalal-ud-Din*, Muhammad Munir** and Mohibullah Khan***
...s well as number of flowers per spathe. The maximum number of flowers per spathe was recorded in M11 while minimum number of flower per spathe was found in M2. Significantly maximum number of flowers per strand was recorded in M6, the M5 possessed significantly highest viability of 95.67%. Pollination with different males on Dhakki females resulted significant variation in fruit set. The h...
Naheed Akhtar, Azra Nasim*, Ata ul Mohsin**, Muhammad Ashfaque, Shaheena Yasmin, Ghulam Jilani, Afzala Tashfeen, Waseem Ahmed Gilani, Irshad Begum* and Muhammad Munir***
...nosis tests (after 24 hours) showed that out of 20 only three lines i.e., V-01180, DN-47 and PR-84 were least preferred. Fifteen wheat lines/varieties were moderately preferred and only one germplasm line, V-9021 was highly preferred by this aphid. Observations after 48h showed that only two wheat germplasm lines, PR-84 and V-01180 were least preferred. Seventeen wheat lines/varieties were moderately preferred. There was only one germplasm line, namely V-9021 ...
Mohammad Aslam*
...nsumption plan of consumers. The study reveals that rice is a substitute food commodity for wheat and may be promoted as such. Since level of significance is small, it may need sustained promotional efforts and appropriate policy measures on the part of the state. Moreover, wheat being a staple diet of people for centuries, switching over to rice may happen only over a long period of time....
Ambreen Akhtar Saddozai and Samina Khalil*
...y collected from 12 sectors (main markets and sub-sector markets). These samples were analyzed for total plate count (TPC), total coliforms, fecal coliforms, E. coli, yeasts and moulds. None of the sample was found contaminated with E. coli, contamination of moulds was also negligible. TPC ranged from 1.0x102 to 1.0x104 cfu g-1 except in three cases, whereas total coliform ranged from 0 to 93 except in two cases, where yeast was 0-1600 g-1 and mould upto 250 g...
Golam Moula* and Sayedur Rahman**
...ulated value of ‘t’ (41.355) and correlation coefficient, ‘r’ (0.99) substantiates that there is a highly positively significant relationship between root and shoot length at 0.01% level of significance. The overall percentage of seed germination (mean ± SD) was 41.48 ± 5.63. However, further trial with the germinated seedlings is necessary to explore its viable potentiality at the field...
Zaheer Ahmad, M. Yaqub Mujahid, M. Anwar Khan, Shaheena Yasmin, M. Asif and Maqsood Qamar*
...om an exotic germplasm nursery (INQYT 2003-04) received from CIMMYT, Mexico. It was evaluated for five years in different trials. It was first tested in advance yield trial conducted at NARC, then in Micro Yield Trials conducted at nine locations by BARI, Chakwal and finally it was evaluated in National Uniform Yield Trials conducted in rainfed ecology of Pakistan for two consecutive yea
Sidra Majeed, Shahid Ahmad*, Asif Ali Bhatti** and Ghazanfar Abbas***
... using chemical fertilizers for the same period were obtained for wheat productivity from the Farm Operations and Services (FOS) crop registers. Water productivity of barani organic desi wheat (C591) grown at NARC was computed using the data of last 10 years (1998-08), which revealed variation from 1.98 to 0.29 kgm-3 of seasonal rainfall. The correlation between seasonal rainfall and water...
Khalid Mahmood Aujla, Sajida Taj*, Khalid Mahmood** and Nadeem Akmal*
... identify the major factors of yield decline, a national level field survey was conducted during June 2008 by Social Sciences Division, Pakistan Agricultural Research Council through its satellite institutes in the provinces. Total 238 wheat growers were purposively selected from different cropping zones of the Punjab province as sample of the national survey. The survey results reveal that decline in wheat area, the inciden...
Z. A. Soomro, M.B. Kumbhar, A.S. Larik*, M. Imran** and S.A. Brohi***
...progenies of Gossypium hirsutum for plant height, sympodia/ plant, bolls/plant, boll weight, seed index and seed cotton yield/plant was determined. It was found that all the populations alongwith parents differed significantly (P < 0.01) and exhibited genetic variability among the genotypes for all the traits except sympodia/plant. Genetic parameters computed through variance components method show that all the traits wer...
Muhammad Asim, Muhammad Asif, Muhammad Munir* and Muhammad Aslam**
...odule initiation (192 hours after inoculation). 3H-ABA was applied to the leaves of two soybean cultivars: cv. Williams-82 and its hypernodulating mutant, NODI-3. There was a significant difference in the percent uptake of 3H-ABA between the two varieties both in inoculated and uninoculated plants. A marked difference in the percent distribution of 3H-ABA between different parts of the plants was observed at different develo...
S.A. Khan*, M.M. Rahman Jamro** and M.Y Arain***
... yield from TPS mini tubers during autumn 2006-2007 and 2007-2008. It was revealed that even small size (5- 20g, 20-30g) tubers planted at closer row and plant spacing (60cm x 15cm,70cm x 15 cm) produced 31.00%, 31.33% and 28.33%, 32.33% medium size tubers (35-55 mm size). Whereas wider spacing (70cm x 20cm, 50cm x 20cm) produced relatively higher number of large size tube
Mohammad Siddique Munawar, Shazia Raja, Elizabeth Stephen Waghchoure* and Muhammad Barkat**
...onomic losses to beekeepers. All work was undertaken in a commercial apiary that showed visual signs of AFB infection. Twenty four hives positive for AFB were identified from the apiary (4 colonies in each replicate). Half of the colonies were treated with shook swarm method while other half were left without any treatment. The treated colonies showed significant difference from untreated colonies (t test, P< 0.005) and moribund colonies got recovered with ...
Aneela Afzal, Tanvir Ali, Munir Ahmad, Humera Amin and Samina Saki*
... to identify rural women’s participation in different agricultural activities especially crop related involvement in the district Okara, Punjab, Pakistan. A multistage random sampling technique was used to collect the data from 480 respondents from three tehsils of the district. The results show that a vast majority of women were illiterate, having annual family income less than one lac, living in joint family system and having small land farms. A large ...
Hassnain Shah, Hina Riaz, Nadeem Akmal , Muhammad Sharif* and Abdul Majid**
...odder production are inversely related. The fodder area per adult animal unit has significantly declined from 0.067 ha to 0.035 ha and production declined from 1.31t to 0.80t from 1986 to 2006. Inadequate nutrition is one of the major constraints limiting livestock production in the country. Feed accounts for almost 70% of total cost of production of milk or meat. The trend for concentrate feeding to livestock is changing from the conventional concentrate feed...
Babar Hussain*, Muhammad Ashfaq**, Mazher Abbas***, Khalid Mahmood**** and M. Ather Mahmood***
...h the view that Pakistan’s gram markets are quite competitive and provide little justification for extensive and costly government intervention designed to improve competitiveness to enhance market efficiency....
Liaqat Ali Shahid, M. Azhar Saeed and Nadeem Amjad*
...aditional ones while others such as sunflower and canola are the non-traditional oilseeds. Mechanization is one of the important and efficient tools to enhance the crop yield. It also helps to reduce the labour drudgery and ultimately increased farmers’ prosperity....
Sikander Khan Tanveer, Shaheena Yasmin, Imtiaz Hussain, M.Yaqub Mujahid*, Muhammad Munir and Muhammad Asif**
...he grain quality parameters of wheat. Nutrient treatments included full fertilizer NP (100:100:00), full fertilizer NP + FYM (100:100:20), half- fertilizer NP (50:50:00), half- fertilizer NP + FYM (50:50:20), FYM only (00:00:20) and control (00:00:00). N & P were applied in kg ha-1 and FYM in t ha-1. Wheat variety, Chakwal-86 was planted in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Because of different combinations of fertilizer NP an...
R. Hussain* and A. N. Naqvi**
...s 129.6±0.822 liters per lactation and the lactation period was 209.142±1.908 days. The mean dry period in Gojali goat was 153±2.285 days. The mean production of hair and Pashmina was 0.421±0.2 and 0.012 kg per year, respectively. The length of hair and Pashmina averaged 17±0.71 and 2.4±0.6 cm, respectively. The age of first breeding in both sexes averaged 18±0.160 months and ...
Badaruddin Khokhar*, Imtiaz Hussain** and Zafar Khokhar*
...ntly in different cultivars. Application of five irrigations at different wheat growth stages resulted in higher spike length, higher number of grains and wheat grain yield. Wheat variety Abadgar–93 and V–7004, had taller plants in comparison with cultivars NARC–9 and V–7004 however, wheat grain yield was not affected significantly among different cultivars....
Rahmat Ullah Khan, Abdur Rashid*, Mohammad Sohail Khan** and Erdogan Ozturk***
...ded rates of NP fertilizers. Results showed that in the first growing season (2007-08), the combination of 3 kg ha-1 HA with half (30:20 kg ha-1) rate of NP produced the highest grain yield (1314 kg ha-1) and increased the yield by 46.9% over the control. In the second growing season (2008-09), application of 3 kg ha-1 HA alone produced significantly (P<0.05) higher grain yield (2999.9 kg ha-1) and increased the yield by ...
Aslam Memon, A. M. Khushk* and Umer Farooq**
...ide feedback to researchers in sugarcane crop as well as sugar mills for assessing the types of varieties performing better, relative to others. The study document the extent of adoption of recommended sugarcane varieties in Pakistan. The study was based on the primary data collected through a formal survey of sugarcane growers in the different agro-ecological conditions in three provinces...
Mazher Abbas*, Muhammad Waqas Akram**, Ikram Saeed*** and Arshed Bashir*
...l, medium and large farmers was Rs. 35913.10, Rs. 39635.54 and Rs. 39868.80 acre-1 respectively. Average of net income by small, medium and large farmers was Rs. 21194.59, Rs. 20608.26 and Rs. 19956.50 respectively. Benefit cost ratio for small, medium and large farmers was 2.44:1.00, 2.08:1.00 and 2.00:1.00 respectively. The study revealed that canola production in Central Punjab is profi...
Abdullah Adil Ansari* and Kumar Sukhraj**
...during 2006-2007 at University of Guyana, Georgetown focusing on recycling organic waste using vermitechnology and use of vermicompost and vermiwash obtained from the vermitech in varied combinations for exploring the effect on soil and productivity of Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) in Guyana. The soil quality was monitored during the experiment along with plant growth parameters of Okra. The study revealed that combination o...
Aly Khan* and S. Shahid Shaukat**
...e incognita. Species diversity (H’) was highest in Wadh while lowest in Ali Dasht. Equitability (J’) component of diversity was highest in Kork and lowest in Ali Dasht, while species richness (d’) component was highest in Alat. The soils associated with Pomegranate orchards were coa
Abid Hussain*, Imdad Hussain Mirza and Muhammad Azeem Khan**
...the success of any goats’ enterprise. In Pothowar region of Punjab, household and sedentary system of goat production is practiced. The availability of feed varies according to the season. Goats in the region are under nourished and producing less than potential. This study was conducted to find out the feed supplementation practices of goats in the Pothowar region. Data for this study was collected for the complete calendar year 2008. Data sheets were p...
Nadeem Akmal, Hassnain Shah*, Muhammad Azam Niazi** and Waqar Akhtar*
...a sample of 38 buck holders and 31 beneficiary farmers using a structured pretested questionnaire. The main influencing factor in keeping bucks was goat breed improvement. All the sample respondents were convinced of the benefits of crosses with Beetal buck and reported that the offsprings Beetal were of higher body weight (40% higher), good looking and well built. Regarding the suitability of Beetal with fodder and forage i...
Muhammad Azam Niazi*, Hassnain Shah, Waqar Akhtar and Nadeem Akmal**
...(1991-2003) for Pakistan’s crop sector have been worked out to reveal how the sector has performed over time in terms of profitability. Various indices were worked out to view the profitability from different angles using weights, giving due importance to all the contributing factors. The results revealed that Pakistani farmers’ profitability...
Oguz Bilgin, Kayihan Z. Korkut, Alpay Balkan, and Ismet Baser*
...seven durum wheat cultivars, and to investigate the performance and relationship of F1 hybrids and parents for the spike characters and to select suitable parents and population for designing an effective wheat breeding programme. Highly significant genetic variability was present in parents and their genetic combinations for the characters. The degree and direction of heterosis varied for...
Barkat Ali*, Muhammad Shahid Iqbal, Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah, Ghulam Shabbir** and Nasir Mahmood Cheema***
...land cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Six genotypes viz., BJA-592, ACALA-SJ-4, 4-F, CP-15/2, CIM-497 and PB-899 were included in diallel crosses. Results revealed that over-dominance type of gene action was controlling the inheritance of monopodial and sympodial branches plant height number of bolls and boll weight. The line CP-15/2 possessed maximum dominant genes for monopodial branches, plant height and boll weight, BJA-592 for sympodial branches and ACALA-S...
Ghulam Shabbir*, Muhammad Aftab, Abid Mahmood** Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah* and Nasir Mahmood Cheema***
...t programme by the breeders has resulted in the development of a high yielding and drought tolerant elite line SPS-5, selected from the segregating progenies of a cross between Ganyou-4 x Westar. Breeding was carried out by the pedigree method and the elite line was evaluated for its yield potential in various yield trials conducted at BARI, Chakwal from 1994 to 1998. Based on the desirable phenotypic traits and superior seed yield, SPS-5 was approved as a rap...
M. Yasin Mirza, Mubashir A. Khan, M. Akmal, Akbar S. Mohmand, Malik S. Nawaz, Nazakat Nawaz and Najeeb Ullah*
...e traits during three years ranging from 63% for plant height and 97% for seed yield. High heritability pooled estimates of 89% for 1000-seed weight and seed yield ha-1 coupled with corresponding high estimates of genetic advance in percent of mean (17.23 and 18.33) for these traits indicated the predominance of additive gene effects. Mass selection based on these additively controlled traits is suggested for improvement of yield. Plant height, number of bolls...
Ashiq Saleem, Habib Iqbal Javed, Rashid Saleem,* Muhammad Ansar** and M. Amir Zia*
... splits. All the parameters except plant height had significant effect in both maize and sorghum. Days to 50% silk in maize are significantly affected by potash when compared with control treatment, but there was no significant effect between single, two and three splits. The grain yields of these two crops increased significantly at K2O level of 120 kgha-1 with three splits. Level of 120 kgha-1 with three splits is recommended for potash application in maize ...
Sarfraz Ahmad, Shaista Koukab, Nayyar Razzaq, Muhammad Islam, Aneel Rose*, and Muhammad Aslam**
...ds of Balochistan. The first production cycle starts from late February upto June and second production period is from August to November. Flowers are produced in flushes and picking is possible with 10-15 days interval. In irrigated conditions, maximum fresh and dry flower production at one flush was recorded 2783 and 763 kgha-1, respectively. The fresh and dry flower production under natural rainfall was recorded 812 and 2...
Shazia Erum*, Muhammad Naeemullah, Shahid Masood** and Muhammad Irfan Khan*
...pes into two major clusters on the basis of total seed protein and phenotypic characters, except Siam Queen and Lime basil stand alone, respectively. Euclidian distance for morphological traits ranged from 3.60 to 7.26. Conversely on the basis of total seed proteins genetic distances ranged from 0.11 to 1.00. Due to greater genetic diversity in Ocimum ge...
Zaheeruddin Mirani*and Aslam Memon**
...y was the fact that farmers were not receiving new agricultural information from agricultural extension as most of the farmers were not visited. This entails the fact that farmers are not alone responsible for non-adoption of improved practices. Pesticide/fertilizer agents were viewed as effective in transferring messages, however, they were limited to their product sales since they have t...
Muhammad Azeem Khan*, Abid Hussain, Irfan Mehmood and Sonila Hassan **
... and livelihoods of farmers in semi arid zones of Punjab and Khyber Pukhtunkhwa provinces of Pakistan. Data for the study has been taken from various issues of Crop Area Production (by districts) MINFA (Economic Wing), district agricultural departments and meteorological department, Islamabad. Primary data for the study was collected in 2010 by conducting farm level surveys in Kohat and Attock districts. Clusters of six vill...
Rubina Bano, Hassnain Shah, Muhammad Sharif and Waqar Akhtar*
...lpindi. The analysis covers the descriptive analysis of socioeconomic characteristics of the sample poultry farmers along with cost and profitability analysis. Broiler farming was done by adult males on full time basis. It was the main source of income of a family. The average flock size in the study area was 4033 birds. The study also bifurcates the cost structure and fixed cost accounts for 7 % while variable cost accounts...
Farhan Ahmed, Hassnain Shah, Irum Raza* and Abdul Saboor**
...stimation where ‘p’ is the order of the autoregressive process; ‘d’ is the order of the homegeneity and ‘q’ the order of the moving average process. Presence of trend in data was checked through time series plots and stationarity through auto correlation and partial auto correlation functions. Using the ARIMA (p, d, q) forecasts from 2010 up to 2015 were...
Muhammad Afzal, Sarfraz Ahmad , Abdul Salam Baloch* and Qazi Bashir Ahmad**
...was used to examine factors affecting livestock price formation while price variations due to time were examined using means and coefficients of variation. A sample of price observations of 725 animals (389 sheep and 336 goats) from Quetta livestock market was collected for one year on quarterly basis with a minimum sample of 150 animals. The objective was to determine seasonal price variation considering the effects of different attributes of the animals name...
Muhammad Athar Khan1, Muhammad Zahid Latif2*, Syed Amir Gilani3 and Ifrah Bukhari4
...animal slaughtering, owners of pet shops, farm workers, handlers of meat, sewerage and agriculture workers. Leptospirosis affect multiple organs in human body and may lead to myocarditis, renal failure, respiratory distress and hypotension. This disease is an emerging infectious problem in many developing countries like Pakistan. A total of 250 subjects ...
Mian Sajjad Ahmad1, Somia Iqtadar1, Sami Ullah Mumtaz1*, Zafar Niaz1, Iqra Waheed2 and Sajid Abaidullah1
...King Edward Medical University/ Mayo Hospital Lahore for 6 months i.e. January to June 2014. Total 160 obese patients visiting outpatient department of North Medical Ward, Mayo Hospital Lahore for 6 months were included by non-probability purposive sampling. Patients aged 15-70 years of either gender were included. Oral glucose tolerance (OGTT) was done in each patient with unrestricted carbohydrate diet for three days and a...
Sana Qanber Abbasi1*, Ejaz Ahmed2 and Rabia Sattar1
...headache complaint visitors in the emergency department, the most common are those suffering from migraine. (1) Alinear correlation has been found between rising serum pro BNP levels and Cardiovascular pathologies especially those involving left ventricular dysfunction which may depict a probable association between migraine and CVD. To compare the levels of serum pro Brain natriuretic peptide (pro BNP) between migraineurs a...
Halima Shoukat1*, Hafiz Sheraz Arshad2, Faiza Sharif1, Arooj Fatima1 and Filza Shoukat1
...e, hip and spine. Long persistent tightness results in pain, decreased range of motion and others pathologies in knee joint. Stretching techniques are used to treat muscle tightness. In clinical settings, different stretch holding times are used to treat hamstring tightness. The purpose of the study was to determine effects of different static stretch holding-times on hamstring muscles flexibility and their impacts on improv...
Iracema Nunes de Barros1,2, Luciane Dubina Pinto3, Rosely Bianca dos Santos Kuroda1, Sheila Oliveira de Souza Silva1, Leonardo José Richtzenhain1,2, Cláudio Wageck Canal3 and Paulo Eduardo Brandão1,2*
...ion on the molecular diversity of CCoV in many parts of the world. In this study, canine fecal samples from diverse States of Brazil were screened by PCRs for CCoV and positive samples were subjected to partial sequencing for the membrane (M), spike (S), nucleocapsid (N) and non-structural protein 3b genes. Out of the samples collected, 40.17% were positive for CCoV; 57.45% of CCoV-infected animals showed enteritis and most ...
Maryyum Khalil1, Hamda Azmat1,*, Noor Khan1, Arshad Javid2, Ali Hussain1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain3, Asim Ullah1 and Sumaira Abbas1
...th rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and condition factor (CF) were higher in all enzyme supplemented groups as compared to control group (p<0.05). Hematological parameters were recorded among all groups and concentration of red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), hematocrit (HCT) and numbers of lymphocytes were highest in treatment # 1 with the mean values of 1.29×...
Saba Rafique1,2,*, Khalid Naeem1, Naila Siddique1, Muhammad Athar Abbas1, Aamer Ali Shah2, Akbar Ali1, Abdul Rahim1 and Farooq Rashid1
...ion of 01 to 974 base pairs. The S protein sequence was submitted to the GenBank with accession number KU145467. Phylogenetic grouping and maximum nucleotide sequence identity values were used to identify the isolate that looked to be derived from recombination. It showed maximum nucleotide homology 99.5% with ck/CH/LHB/121010 (KP036503), India/IBV572 (KF809797) and Japan/JP/Wakayama-2/2004 (AB363951.2) and 99.3% with 4/91 vaccine (KF377577), Iran/491/08 (HQ84...
Nay Naing Htoo1, Basit Zeshan1,2,*, Aung Tun Khaing1, Than Kyaw1, Erkihun Aklilu Woldegiorgis1 and Mohd Azam Khan1
...8 males. The kids from first treatment group had free access to creep feed with roughage (CFR), second group had free access to creep feed without roughage (CF) while last group (control) had access to their does’ milk (DM) only. All kids had access to their dam’s milk. The kids were weaned at day 84 and two kids from each treatment group were sacrificed. The results showed tha...
Promy Virk
...f 73.18 nm with polydispersity. A typical optical absorption peak at approximately 2.30 keV and 3.0 keV corresponded to the surface plasmon resonance property of gold and silver nanoparticles respectively. The green gold and silver (Au/Ag) nanocomposite showed a profound antihyperglycemic effect which was significantly better than all other treated groups. The results on serum ALT, creatinine levels and blood urea also showed a comparable ameliorative effect o...
Nazish Shaukat1, Muhammad Javed1,Faiza Ambreen2* and Fariha Latif1
...hese are important inducers of oxidative stress in aquatic animals, promoting the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) which ultimately leads to tissue damage and oxidation of biomolecules. Aquatic organisms possess antioxidant system to cope with the oxidative stress. This research was conducted to see the effect of lead on peroxidase activity (antioxidant enzyme) in the gills and liver of Labeo rohita. Experiment was conducted in the laboratory ...
Haixia Liu, Yuwei Ye, Yang Li, Xiaolin Liu, Dongmei Xiong* and Lixin Wang
...lations from the two rivers and the genetic diversity of wild population, 11 microsatellite loci were firstly used to evaluate the genetic characterization using 120 samples from 2 tributaries (ZZ and LX populations) of the Weihe river and 2 tributaries (YX and TB population) of Hanjiang river. A total of 59 alleles were found and the number of alleles in each locus ranged from 3 to 8, wit...
Muhammad Zafarullah Khan1*, Rehmat Ullah1, Asif Nawaz1 and Ejaz Ashraf2
...ce of Farm Services Centers in the empowerment of farmers towards the sustainable development. Five districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa such as Mansehra, Dir Lower, Swat, Dera Ismail Khan and Swabi were the sampled districts and 80 farmers registered with Farm Services were randomly selected from each district. Thus, sample size was making a total of 400 respondents. Primary data were collecte...
Muhammad Amjed Iqbal1*, Azhar Abbas1, Raza Ullah1, Umar Ijaz Ahmed2, Ali Sher3 and Shoaib Akhtar4
...income in farm household’s poverty and income inequality. Data were collected from 480 cotton growing respondents from six districts of Punjab province of Pakistan and Foster, Greer and Thorbecke (FGT) poverty index along with Gini coefficient were estimated to assess the impacts of non-farm income on household’s poverty and income inequality. The results indicated that non-farm income supports towards poverty re...
Anish Shrestha
...mple for the study. Farmers were rearing on an average 34.54 hives and average honey productivity was 34.6 Kg/hive. Average production cost was NRs. 7392.52 with the average net profit of NRs. 2987.05 (1 USD = 106 NRs), and B:C ratio was 1.67. Labor cost, migration cost and expenditure on sugar drug and comb foundation seems to have positive and significant relation with gross return. All of them appeared to be underutilized and needed to be increased by 39%, ...
Asad Sultan1, Sahal Ahmad1, Sarzamin Khan1, Rifat Ullah Khan2,*, Naila Chand1, Muhammad Tahir3 and Shakoor Ahmad2
...inc oxide (ZnO) in broilers during the finishing stage exposed to heat stress (HS). Two hundred and seventy broiler chicks were randomly assigned to 6 dietary groups: three dietary groups in thermoneutral temperature (TN) and three dietary groups under high temperature. One group of birds received a basal diet only (control group), second group of birds received a diet supplemented with silymarin at the level of 10g/kg and third group of birds received a diet ...
Mustafa Sahin1,*, Esra Yavuz1 and Fatih Uckardes2
...iables, the standard errors and VIF values of the partial regression coefficients in the LS method were found to be quite high. Therefore, the RR and PCR methods were used as an alternative to LS. Compared with LS, PCR and RR led to small standard deviations and more accurate and more reliable partial regression coefficients. As a result, it was concluded that the use of RR and PCR analysis methods could be more accurate instead of the LS method under multicol...
Jaime Molina-Ochoa1, 2, 6,*, Edelmira Galindo-Velasco2, Ana María Rosales-Gutiérrez2, Martín González-Ramírez3, Roberto Lezama-Gutiérrez3, Wilberth Chan-Cupul3, Steven R. Skoda4, Muhammad Irfan Ullah5, Luis Jorge García-Márquez2 and John E. Foster6
...re baited with last instars of the great wax moth (GWM), Galleria mellonella L., and an EPN isolate was obtained, it belonged to the genus Heterorhabditis and identified as JMO71. The nematodes were cultivated in GWM larvae, and the emerging infective juveniles (IJs) were collected from White traps, and pooled in canted neck vented plastic flasks. The susceptibility of an important livestock arthropod, the cattle tick, Rhipicephalus microplus<...
Hina Safdar1,*, Nazir Javed1, Sajid Aleem Khan1 and Muhammad Arshad2
...st different larval instars (2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th) of armyworm (Spodoptera litura F.) at different exposure times were evaluated. Entomopathogenic nematodes were applied at 1000 IJs/ml and larvae maintained at 25°C. Mortality was recorded upto four days. Both species of entomopathogenic nematodes proved effective against all larval instars. Maximum mortality was observe...
Saleem Abid1*, Nasir Jamal2, Muhammad Zubair Anwar3 and Saleem Zahid4
...980-81 to 2012-13 (33 years) were used. Five different forecasting models such as Linear trend model, Quadratic trend model, Exponential growth model, S-curve trend model and double exponential smoothing model were used to find the best fitted model for area and production of potato in Pakistan. Forecasting errors namely mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean absolute deviation (MAD) and mean squared deviation (MSD) wer...
Umair Riaz*1, Zafar Abbas1, Qamar uz Zaman2, Muhammad Mubashir1, Mahwish Jabeen2, Syed Ali Zulqadar1, Zeenat Javeed1, Saeed-ur-Rehman1, Muhammad Ashraf1 and Muhammad Javid Qamar1
...gory of marginal fit waters for irrigation purposes after comparison with the standard values used for irrigation water for agricultural crops. The values of EC, SAR, and RSC were ranged from 0.031 to 15.39 dS m-1, 0.02 to 52.66, and 0 to 43.3 me L-1, respectively. Overall, in southwest areas the majority of water samples were found to be fit for irrigation while in n...
Naveed Akhtar,1,* Riaz Muhammad2, Kausar Saeed2, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1, Muzaffar Shah3, Jehan Zeb2, Shahid Ahmad2, Azam Jan Afridi4 and Aftab Hussain5
...ing to 9 families, 5 orders and 10 genera of mammalswere identified. The reported species are Naemorhedus goral, Panthera pardus, Sus scrofa, Lepus nigricollis, Macaca mulatta, Canis aureus, Vulpes vulpes, Myotis myotis, Herpestes edwardsii and Hystrix indica. During the research jackals and fox species were dominant in the area. It is concluded from this study that threats like deforestation, habitat destruction, illegal and over hunting,...
Muhammad Kashif Maan1, Muhammad Arif Khan1, Shehla Gul Bokhari1, Muhammad Ijaz2, Hamid Akbar1, Sajid Umar 3 and Muhammad Luqman Sohail4,*
...d cardiovascular parameters when compared to inhalation, so, it is a less safe choice during lengthy surgical procedures like ovariohysterectomy.
...
Muhammad Rasool1,*, Muhammad Zahid1, Muhammad Ismail Khan1, Qadeem Khan2 and Khalid Khan1
...orted sequences. It differs 2.4 to `18.8 % from the other reported sequences. Further it was established that MR02 and MR03 nucleotide sequences differ from one another at four positions, all substitutions. The first difference is observed at 87th base where there is “C” residue in MR02 DNA sequence and an “A” in MR03 DNA sequence. The 2nd, 3rd and 4th diffe...
Lin Wang1,2, Ye Gong3, Kelin Chen1, Haitao Wang3 and Xianguo Lyu1,*
...nd only between two markers. These microsatellites could be used to enhance our understanding of genetic information and breeding biology of Relict Gull.
...
Qin Liu1,2, Feiwei Liu1, Xiuyue Zhang1, Nan Yang1 and Jianghong Ran1,*
... which is protected in first-grade state in China. Here, 22 polymorphic tetranucleotide microsatellite markers were isolated from T. szechenyii using a next-generation sequencing technology. The allele number of these loci ranged from two to six in genotyped 35 individuals. Polymorphism information content ranged from 0.2735 to 0.7717 with an average of 0.5149. Observed and expected heterozygosities at each locus rang...
Imtiaz Hussain*, Hassnain Shah, M. Azeem Khan, Waqar Akhtar**, Abdul Majid*** and M. Yaqub Mujahid*
Corresponding author:izhussain@yahoo.com
PRODUCTIVITY IN RICE-WHEAT CROP ROTATION OF PUNJAB: AN APPLICATION OF TYPICAL FARM METHODOLOGY
...heat on 75% along with berseem on 14% of total area during rabi season. Almost 81% rice and more than 50 % wheat is harvested with combine followed by burning of residues that not only create environmental pollution but also affect the productivity of the cropping system. Stagnation in yield of rice and wheat is reported mainly due to uninterrupted sequential rice-wheat cropping which cause low fertility, increased weed problem, more disease and insect invasio...
Akhlaq Ahmad, M. Anwar Arain*, Rahila Nazli**, Syed Anser Rizvi***,
Mubarik Ahmed* and Farzana Ibrahim****
Corresponding author: dr.akhlaqahmad@yahoo.com
COST EFFECTIVENESS OF UNDER-SHEET AND WHOLE GODOWN FUMIGATION OF BAGGED WHEAT
...over the past several years. Trials were conducted in 338 godowns in 8 districts of upper Sindh. Out of these, 169 godowns were selected for fumigation with phosphine inside and under polyethylene sheets, while the others for indoor space fumigation in godowns without covering wheat stack with a sheet. Samples of wheat at the baseline and at two-monthly intervals after fumigation were collected for physical examination. It w...
Arshed Bashir *, Shamsheer-Ul-Haq**, Mazher Abbas*, M. Aamir Munir** and Aneela Afzal***
Corresponding author:ssrifaisalabad@gmail.com
IMPACT OF SUGARCANE MILLS DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITIES ON CANE PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB
...0 randomly selected growers (50 beneficiaries and 50 non-beneficiaries) during April, 2010. The beneficiary farmers were operating significantly larger land holdings. Area under new high yielding, with more sugar recovery varieties was relatively higher at beneficiary farms as compared to non-beneficiary farms. The beneficiary farmers were getting higher returns from sugarcane production (...
Amanullah, Ahmed Aziz Kurd, Saifullah Khan, Munir Ahmed and Jahangir Khan*
Corresponding author:aman_azrc@yahoo.com
BIOFERTILIZER- A POSSIBLE SUBSITUTE OF FERTILIZERS IN PRODUCTION OF WHEAT VARIETY ZARDANA IN BALOCHISTAN
...t out -1 yielded the others by over 3000 kgha . The results proved that the application -1 -1 of biofertilizer in combination with N 45kgha and P O 30 kgha increased 2 5 fresh yield from11% to 59% and suggested increases in grain yield of 20-46% as compared with control treatment....
Shazia Erum*, Muhammad Naeemullah and Shahid Masood**
Corresponding author: shazia_rm@yahoo.com
PHENOTYPIC VARIATION AMONG MENTHA SPP.
...te the morphological diversity and relationship within 17 genotypes of mentha species. Different species of Mentha were collected from different ecological zones of the world. Great variation was observed in stem length with the coefficient of variation of 198.7% and standard deviation of 14.1. Among the 17 mint collection, nine special aromas was smelled including mint gum, strong camphoraceous, mint like, spicy, lemon, pungent, musky and acrid due to the pre...
Farhat Ullah Khan, Nowshad Khan and Zaibunnisa Abdullah*
Corresponding author: farhatkhan7@gmail.com (This is part of Ph.D. work of senior author)
IMPACT OFKINNOW (MANDARIN) YIELD LOSSES ON SOCIOECONOMIC CONDITIONS OF THE FARMING COMMUNITY IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...of kinnow. Then ten growers from each union council were chosen randomly. Total 200 respondents were interviewed through interview schedule. Simple percentage and chi-square techniques were used for analysis. According to analysis 91.5% respondents reported that yield losses of kinnow fruits have negative impact on socio-economic conditions of the majority respondents of the project area. Chi-square test also shows negative link of the kinnow fruits and socio-...
A. N. Naqvi and K. Fatima*
INCIDENCE OF LIVESTOCK DISEASES IN NOMAL AND NALTAR VALLEYS GILGIT, PAKISTAN
...ous diseases. The disorders reported in the area were digestive diseases, infections, mastitis, reproductive diseases, endoparasites, ectoparasites, wounds, hematuria, respiratory diseases, emaciation, hemorrhagic septic-emia, tumour, blue tongue, cow pox, enterotoxaemia, tetanus, paralysis and arthritis. In precise, endoparasites were found in 25.3% animals followed by respiratory diseases (24.74%). Most of the cattle (2053) and sheep (926) were found affecte...
Javid Iqbal, Asghar Ali Mian, Tanveer Ahmad*, Shamsul Hassan** and Sohail Hassan Khan*
COMPARATIVE PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT ECONOMIC TRAITS OF FOUR IMPORTED BROILER STRAINS UNDER LOCAL CONDITIONS OF PAKISTAN
..., feed intake, feed conversion ratio (FCR), mortality, antibody titres, dressing percentage and economic evaluation as cost of broiler per kilogram live weight produced. The average body weights gained by the birds were 2264g, 2277g, 2256g and 1942g for A, B, C and D strains, respectively at 49 days of age. The birds in treatments A, B and C gained significantly (P <0.05) more weight than the birds in treatment D. On the contrary, the birds in treatment D (...
Hassnain Shah, Muhammad Azeem Khan, Umar Farooq, Nadeem Akmal*, Shahid Munir and Bashir Hussain**
POTENTIAL FOR INVESTMENT IN INDIGENOUS TECHNOLOGIES: A CASE OF LOW COST SOIL AND WATER CONSERVATION STRUCTURES IN RAINFED POTHWAR, PAKISTAN
...its realized by the farmers recorded through assessment survey revealed that the technology had a short payback period along with internal rate of return varying in the range of 25-37% under rainfed conditions and positive net present value. The farmers' perceptions revealed that the technology can solve the erosion problem along with 10-35% increase in crop yield and save repair and maintenance cost incurred on eroded lands...
Muhammad Arifullah, Muhammad Munir*, Abid Mahmood**, Saifullah Khan Ajmal and Ghulam Shabbir*
COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS OF SOME YIELD ATTRIBUTES IN INDIAN MUSTARD (BRASSICA JUNCEA L.)
...were good general combiners for yield related traits. A cross BRS-2 × UCD-8/4 showed best desired SCA for number of primary branches and siliquae per plant. S-9 × Canola Raya for siliqua length, Canola Raya × UCD-8/4 for number of seeds per siliqua, KJ- 119 × BRS-2, BARD-1 × NIFA Raya for ...
Mazher Abbas*, Tahir Mehmood**, Arshed Bashir*, Muneeb Zafar*** and Aneela Afzal****
ECONOMICS OF LALLEMANTIA ROYLEANA (TUKHAM-EBALANGOO) PRODUCTION IN THE LOW INTENSITY CROPPING ZONE OF THE PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...ontinent by Muslim scholars. However, the unani medicine currently practiced in Pakistan is vastly different from its Greek roots The study was conducted to assess the economics of medicinal crops in the low intensity cropping zone of Punjab. Therefore 80 respondents were taken from Karror Laal Eson and Layyah tehsil of Layyah in Punjab. Percent area allocated to Lallemantia royleana crop was comparatively higher at small farms as compared to medium and large ...
Faisal Khalil, Khalid Mahmood Qureshi, Ammaz Khan, Fakhar-ul-Hassan and Nabila Bibi*
EFFECT OF GIRDLING AND PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS ON PRODUCTIVITY IN OLIVE (OLEA EUROPAEA)
...ributed to numerous factors. Some of them are probably related to the internal imbalance of growth regulators and other physiological factors. Plant growth regulating hormones like gibberellic acid (GA ), salicylic acid (SA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) alone and/ 3 or coupled with girdling operations may improve cropping potential of existing olive varieties in Pakistan. Therefore, t...
Khalid Mahmood Qureshi, Fakhar ul Hassan, Qamar ul Hassan, Usman Shaukat Qureshi, Saman Chughtai and Adnan Saleem*
IMPACT OF CULTIVATION SYSTEMS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF STRAWBERRY (FRAGARIA ANANASSA) CV. CHANDLER
...AS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi. The runner plants of the strawberry (Fragaria ananassa) cv. Chandler were collected from Swat (Mingora.) Different cultivation systems were adapted i.e., standard growing media in polyethylene bags (T ), soil less media (T ), high tunnel (T ), green house (T ), 1 2 3 4 including open field condition on ridges (T ) by keeping plant to plant 5 distance of 30 cm and row to row distance of 60 cm. The study was conducted ...
Waseem Ahmad Gillani* and Mike Copland**
INFLUENCE OF THREE CONSTANT AND TWO RHYTHMICALLY FLUCTUATING TEMPERATURE REGIMES ON THE LIFE-TABLE PARAMETERS OF BROWN LACEWING SYMPHEROBIUS FALLAX
...tes are important predators in many agricultural systems. Life tables of S. fallax were constructed at 20°C, 24°C, 28°C and rhythmically fluctuating temperature regimes from 16°C to 24°C and 24°C to 32°C. Studies were carried out describing survival, reproduction and development of S fallax. Survival was positively temperature dependent. Sex ratio was not affected by constant temperatures from 20 to 28°C; however this ratio was ...
Habib Iqbal Javed, Ashiq Saleem, Javed Fateh, Mozammil Hussain, Naheed Akhtar and Shamim-ul-Sibtain Shah*
DEVELOPMENT OF RESISTANT MAIZE GERMPLASM
... leaf damage while 9 others had 7.10 - 44.7% infestation. In checks, the infestation was from 27.9 to 100.0%. The selected materials were again maintained by self pollination to make pure lines. During autumn 2001, selected material was screened under double artificial infestation, first at 3-4 leaf stage of the crop and the second 10 days after first infestation with 15 newly hatched larv...
Zammurad Iqbal Ahmed, Muhammad Ansar*, Ashiq Saleem**, Zafar ullah Arif*, H.I. Javed and Rashid Saleem**
IMPROVEMENT OF MASH BEAN PRODUCTION UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS BY RHIZOBIUM INOCULATION AND LOW RATES OF STARTER NITROGEN
... - Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi during autumn 2009. Two mash bean varieties viz., NARC Mash-II and NARC Mash-III and the treatment -1 combinations applied were control, 20, 40 and 50 kg N ha , 750 g inoculum -1 -1 -1 - ha , inoculum + 20 kg N ha , inoculum + 40 kg N ha , inoculum + 50 kg N ha 1 . The experiment was laid out in a split plot design keeping varieties in main plots and fertilizer/inoculum combinations in sub-plots. The results showed si...
Parvez Khaliq*, Azim Malik**, Nasir Mahmood Cheema* and Muhammad Umair***
ECONOMICS OF WHEAT BASED CROPPING SYSTEMS IN RAINFED AREAS OF PAKISTAN
...and the progressive growers mainly due to poor management of soil, water and fertility issues. A field study was conducted at National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad and the traditional wheat-fallow-wheat (W-F-W) cropping system was evaluated with the improved wheat-maize fodder-wheat (W-MF-W) and wheat-mungbean-wheat (W-MB-W) cropping systems. Two tillage practices, i.e. shallow tillage with cultivator and deep tillage with moldboard; and four...
Muhammad Tariq*, Raja Muhammad Omer**, Muhammad Ashraf Mian*, Obaid Ur Rehman***, Amjad Tahir Virk and Kazim Abbass**
PROMOTING CERTIFIED SEED AVAILABILITY OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L) THROUGH PUBLIC-PRIVATE PARTNERSHIP AND ITS IMPACT ON YIELD IN RAINFED AREAS
...ed varieties to the farmers. An approved wheat variety 'Chakwal-50' of rainfed areas was selected for certified seed production and distribution in rainfed District Chakwal under joint venture of a study on comparison of seed source(Certified vs. Farmer's seed) contribution towards wheat yield at six sites in the District. All the agronomic practices were the same in both -2 treatments. The number of fertile tillers m were s...
Ashiq Saleem, Muhammad Ashraf Zahid, Habib Iqbal Javed*, M Ansar**, Asghar Ali, Rashid Saleem* and Noor Saleem***
EFFECT OF SEEDING RATE ON LENTIL (LENS CULINARIS MEDIK) SEED YIELD UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
...for three consecutive years (2001-02 to 2003-04) at the National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad, Pakistan during the lentil growing season. An improved medium-grain size (1000-grain weight. around 25 g) variety Masoor 93 (18-12 x ILLP 4400) was used in these experiments. Eleven seeding rates i.e., 14.0, 21.25, 28.50, 35.75, 43.0, -1 50.25, 57.50, 64.75, 72.0, 79.25 and 86.50 kgha were evaluated in the study. Results of the three-year study show...
Gulzar S. Sanghera and Wassem Hussain*
HETEROSIS IN RELATION TO COMBINING ABILITY PER SE PERFORMANCE IN TEMPERATE RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.)
...(CMS) lines with 18 testers in line x tester mating design were evaluated to find out best heterotic combinations in terms of yield and yield components of rice (Oryza sativa L.). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among genotypes, crosses, lines, testers and line x tester interactions for all the traits studied. The specific combining ability (SCA) effects along with per se performance revealed that some ...
Safdar Ali, Sahiba, M. Azim Malik, Fayyaz-ul-Hassan and M. Ansar*
GROWTH OF RAINFED FODDER MAIZE UNDER DIFFERENT LEVELS OF NITROGEN AND PHOSPHORUS
...AS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The annual rainfall at the experimental site during 2009 was 685.9 mm. The -1 experimental soil was of loamy texture having E.C. of 0.48 dscm , pH 7.7, -1 organic matter 0.65%, saturation 30%, available phosphorus 5.7 mg kg -1 and available potassium 78 mg kg . Maize cv. Sargodha-2002 was sown in randomized complete block design (factorial) and was fertilized with four -1 each nitrogen @ 0, 60, 120 and 180 ...
Sonila Hassan, Abid Hussain*, Muhammad Azeem Khan** and Irfan Mahmood*
RURAL-URBAN RETAIL PRICES AND MARKETING MARGINS OF FRESH FRUITS AND VEGETABLES IN PAKISTAN
...ew a total of 200 retailers (rural and urban), 100 producers, 30 commission agents and 10 transporters in July 2010. Price data were collected from rural and urban retailers in Hyderabad, Faisalabad, Peshawar, Muzaffarabad and Quetta. It was observed that the retail prices of fresh fruits and vegetables were higher in rural markets as compared to urban m...
Ambreen Akhtar Saddozai, Saeeda Raza* and Shahzad Arshad Saleem**
MICROBIAL COUNT AND SHELF LIFE OF STRAWBERRY JUICE
...n different quality factors of strawberry juice during storage. Strawberry was purchased from local market and its juice was kept for two weeks at room temperature to check its shelf life. Total plate count (TPC), pH, flavor, color, yeast and moulds were checked weekly. Quality changes of strawberry juice during storage can be caused both by microbiological and physiological processes. At day 0; pH 3.2, color bright 2 -1 red, excellent flavor, TPC 2.7 x 10 cfu...
Javed Khan, Ehsan-ul-Haq, Naheed Akhtar, Waseem Ahmad Gillani*, Naila Assad**, M.Asif Masood and Irum Raza*
EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE ON BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF IMMATURE STAGES OF CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) FEEDING ON RICE MEAL MOTH, CORCYRA CEPHALONICA EGGS
...elopmental duration of first instar were 3.6±0.07, 3.0±0.11, 2.0±0.06 days, second instar were 3.4±0.11, 3.0±0.07, 2.8±0.07 and third instars were, 4.9±0.10, 4.0±0.06, 3.4±0.13 days at three temperatures, respectively. The larval developmental duration were 11.9±0.13, 9.7±0.31, 8.2±0.14 and pupal duration were 9.2±0.10, 8.3±0.10...
Akhtar A. Siddiqui and Allah W. Rind*
EXTENSION FIELD WORKERS PERCEPTION OF COTTON INTEGRATED PEST MANAGEMENT PROGRAMME IN SINDH PROVINCE
...ramme was to enable farmers to be self sufficient, using practices that are agro-ecological friendly. This study was carried out in four districts of Sindh province (Hyderabad, Tando Allahyar, Matiari, and Mirpurkhas). The sample size comprised 48 EFWs who participated in Training of Facilitators (ToF) and erecuted FFSs during 2001 and 2004. The results revealed that the EFWs performed effectively to attain the objectives of...
Muhammad Yaqoob*, Rukhsana Anjum, Mumtaz Hussain and Muhammad Jahangir Shah**
GENETIC DIVERSITY ANALYSIS AND CHARACTER ASSOCIATION IN SOME CHINESE HYBRID RICE UNDER DRY CONDITIONS
...umber of productive tillers, 1000 grain weight and paddy yield were recorded. The results of analysis indicated a high range of genetic variation among various hybrids for plant height, number of grains per panicle, number of productive tillers per plant, 1000 grain weight and paddy yield. The variation for days to 50% panicle initiation, panicle length, spikelet fertility and days to maturity were however nonsignificant. Pl...
Arshad Ali, Muhammad Arshadullah, Syed Ishtiaq Hyder, Imdad Ali Mahmood and Badar-uz-Zaman*
RICE PRODUCTIVITY AND SOIL HEALTH AS AFFECTED BY WHEAT RESIDUE INCORPORATION ALONG WITH NITROGEN STARTER DOSE UNDER SALT-AFFECTED SOIL
...of N doses. Maximum tillers plant (27.66), plant height (138.33 cm), -1 spike length (28.33 cm), and grains spike (175), 1000-grain weight (28.66 -1 -1 g) and paddy yield (4.25 t ha ) was harvested with 5 t ha wheat straw -1 incorporation plus 60 kg N ha . The paddy yield was 19% more than control 2+ + treatment. Positive correlations (r= 0.74) and (r=0.73) between Ca and K contents in grain and its yield were calculated. However negative + correlation (-0.85)...
Munir Ahmad* and Asif Ali Mirani**
HEATED AIR DRYING OF GROUNDNUT
...em of the groundnut growers, a low cost mobile flat-bed dryer designed and developed at Agricultural and Biological Engineering Institute (ABEI), National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad was evaluated for drying groundnut. The dryer had been found capable to dry about 1818 kg groundnut from 23.3% moisture content to 14% within 2.4h. On average the groundnut drying rate was 3.9% per hour, and the average efficiency of the dryer was 69%. However, typical...
Muhammad Zubair Anwar, M. Azeem Khan, Ikram Saeed, Akhtar Ali*, Shafique Zahid and Abdul Majid**
SMALL FARMERS PERCEPTIONS REGARDING IMPROVED FODDER AND FORAGE VARIETIES: RESULTS OF PARTICIPATORY ON FARM RESEARCH
...nding constraints are: persistent nutritional stress, lack of improved fodder varieties and lack of fodder preservation techniques for lean period. To resolve this issue improved fodder varieties and forage species were introduced. About 52 % women were of the view that in rabi season 50% grain yield was increased and 44% said that the increase in dry stalk was about 50%. While in kharif 72% respondents pointed out 55% increase in grain yield and similarly maj...
A.A. Mengal* , M. U. Mallah, Z. A. Mirani* and B. N. Siddiqui**
AN ANALYSIS OF PUBLIC AND PRIVATE AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES IN BALOCHISTAN, PAKISTAN
...ed that a number of farmers received visits from private extension field staff on a fortnightly, monthly and quarterly basis, but not from public extension staff during these periods. When public field staff did visit, the favored method of extension was by exhibition and seminar, which ranked 1st and nd 2 , respectively, based on the mean score for each extension teaching method used. A majority of the farmers received farm...
Asrar Ali*, Ehsan-ul-Haq**, Abdul Rehman***, Javed Khan, Waseem Ahmad Gillani** and Maria Rauf*
BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND PREDATORY POTENTIAL OF MENOCHILUS SEXMACULATUS FAB. (COLEOPTERA:COCCINELLIDAE) AT VARYING TEMPERATURE ON RHOPALOSIPHUM PADI L.
...p;The biological parameters of Menochilus sexmaculatus Fab., as influenced by different temperature regimes and host were studied at Insectary-Biological Control Laboratories, National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC), Islamabad. The results revealed that there was a significant effect of different temperature regimes on the development and predatory potential of M. sexmaculatus reared on Rhopalosiphum padi. The egg incubation period of predator beetle was ...
Wabekwa, J.W., I.A. Sodagni and F.K. Mohammad*
PHYSIOLOGICAL GROWTH AND YIELD EVALUATION IN PMINERALIZED SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUS L.) UNDER SUDANOSAHELIAN AGRO-ECOLOGY, NIGERIA
...of Crop Production, University of 0 0 Maiduguri (11 47 'N, 13 13 'E) during 2010 and 2011 rainy seasons, to investigate the response of sunflower to phosphorus fertilizer -1 inorganically applied as P O @ 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 kg ha . The experi- 2 5 mental design was randomized complete block and replicated thrice. It was observed that leaf area per plant and plant dry weight increased with -1 increasing P O rates (40-60 kg ha ) at 6, 8 and 10 weeks after sowi...
Arshad Ali, Imdad Ali Mahmood, Muhammad Salim, Muhammad Arshadullah* and Abdul Rasool Naseem**
GROWTH AND YIELD OF DIFFERENT BRASSICA GENOTYPES UNDER SALINE SODIC CONDITIONS
...e of six Brassica cultivars (BARD-I, Dunkled, Rainbow, BRS-II, Sultan Raya and cv. 95102-5) under saline sodic conditions. Data on growth and yield parameters were collected randomly (average of five plants per replication) at the time of crop maturity. Ionic concentration in plant tissues and oil content in seeds were also determined. Comparatively more...
Sajida Taj*, Muhammad Tariq Iqbal Khan**, Mazher Abbas and Arshed Bashir***
PRICE SPREAD AND MARKETING MARGINS OF CUT ROSE IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...a collected from 34 farmers, 13 wholesalers-cum-commission agents and 20 retailers from main flower producing areas of Kasur and Faisalabad districts from Punjab province, the structure and marketing margins of producers and other marketing intermediaries are quantified along the existing two marketing channels for cut flowers
Ayesha Tahir* and Zafar Altaf**
DETERMINANTS OF INCOME FROM VEGETABLES PRODUCTION: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NORMAL AND OFF-SEASON VEGETABLES IN ABBOTTABAD
...d with wide climatic diversity which offers opportunities for growing variety of vegetables throughout the year. The promotion of vegetables in Pakistan is necessary not only for increasing farmer's income and production diversity concerns, but also for increasing the intake of micronutrients in human diet through increased vegetable consumption. The spectrum of year round availability of ...
Shafique Qadir Memon*, Muhamamd Safar Mirjat, Abdul Quadir Mughal** Nadeem Amjad***, Muhammad Azhar Saeed, Shabbir Kalwar, Asif Ali Mirani and Habib Iqbal Javed****
TILLAGE AND NPK EFFECT ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF SPRING MAIZE IN ISLAMABAD, PAKISTAN
...ever, poor-resource farmers can use the medium level of NPK @ -1 150-75-75 kg ha for getting an economical and successful maize crop....
Amir Khatam*, Sher Muhammad, and Ijaz Ashraf**
ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL CONTACT METHODS IN DISSEMINATION OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES
...Pakhtunkhwa including Charsadda, Hangu, Kohat, Mardan, Nowshera, Peshawar and Swabi were selected. Data were collected on various aspects of individual contact methods in diffusion of agricultural technologies from 280 randomly selected farmer respondents. Researchers collected the data with the help of a pretested and validated interview schedule using survey technique. The results show that majority of the farmer responden...
Tahir Abbas, Bushra Nawab, Rahila Nazli, Rubina Saleem, Amrat Lal and Khalid Jamil*
EFFICACY OF COTTON WASTE COMPOST AND FERTINEMAKIL FERTILIZER ON THE GROWTH PARAMETER OF SUNFLOWER PLANTS
...t height, number of flowers, diameter of flowers, 1000 grains weight and oil contents. The highest significant improvement in plant growth characters were recorded in plots treated with cotton waste compost and cotton waste compost+ Fertinemakil fertilizer. The Fertinemakil alone showed less significant effect but it is a good source of organic fertilizer....
Amir Khatam*, Sher Muhammad and Ijaz Ashraf**
ROLE OF FARMER FIELD SCHOOLS IN ENHANCING SKILLS OF FARMING COMMUNITY IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
...es opportunities to farmers of improving various skills through practicing various techniques by themselves. Considering therefore, the importance of this approach, the study was conducted in 2011 to examine the role of FFS in enhancing skills of farming community in the central region of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The data were collected through survey method on various aspects from 280 randomly selected farmer respondents. The data collected were analyzed...
Rizwana Sultan*, Javed Khan, Ehsan ul Haq, Tariq Mehmood**, Roshan Zada Khattak***, and Naheed Akhtar**
BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS OF TRICHOGRAMMA CHILONIS ISHII (TRICHOGRAMMATIDAE: HYMENOPTERA) FEEDING ON SITOTROGA CEREALELLA EGGS AT THREE CONSTANT TEMPERATURES
...n the biological parameters of Trichogramma chilonis Ishii (Trichogrammatidae: Hymenoptera) feeding on grain moth, Sitotroga cereallela eggs at three constant temperatures and five different ages of host eggs at Insect Pest Management Programme, National Agricultural Research Centre, (NARC) Islamabad. The results revealed that maximum rate of parasitism was 95.70 ± 1.94 at 28 ± 1 °C while minimum was 61.30 ± 1.70 at 32 ± 1 °...
Muhammad Sohail*, Imtiaz Hussain*, Riaz-ud-din*, Syed Haider Abbas*, Maqsood Qamar* and Muhammad Noman*
EFFECT OF SPLIT N FERTILIZER APPLICATION ON PHYSIOAGRONOMIC TRAITS OF WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
...heat yield limiting factors under rainfed conditions. Farmers usually apply full N dose at seeding. However, winter showers during vegetative growth period provide an opportunity to apply N in split doses. Study was conducted to find out appropriate N rate and application method to enhance wheat productivity. -1 Three N rates i.e., 60, 90, and 120 kg ha and three application methods i.e. f...
Sajida Taj*, Akhter Ali*, Nadeem Akmal*, Shujaat Yaqoob** and Mubarik Ali***
RAISED BED TECHNOLOGY FOR WHEAT CROP IN IRRIGATED AREAS OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...Research Institute, University of Faisalabad promoted the raised bed technology for wheat crop. A sample of 63 farmers was interviewed in detail to understand the whole system and the factors contributing to the adoption of the technology. The study revealed that adopters typically have a more favorable resource base a...
Sara Khalid*, Khalid Mahmood Qureshi*, Ishfaq Ahmad Hafiz*, Khalid Saifullah Khan* and Usman Shaukat Qureshi*
EFFECT OF ORGANIC AMENDMENTS ON VEGETATIVE GROWTH, FRUIT AND YIELD QUALITY OF STRAWBERRY
...AS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi. Treatment T (soil + silt + FYM) induced 1 positive influence on plant height (15.21 cm), canopy spread (20.37 cm), crown diameter (1.47 cm), fresh weight of plant (10.71 g), number of runners per plant (2), total number of flowers (58), total number of fruits (42), fruit size (3.04 cm), fruit weight per berry (8.82 g) while T (soil + silt + 4 -1 ...
Rabeea Tariq*, Khalid Mahmood Qureshi*, Imran Hassan*, Muhammad Rasheed* and Usman Shaukat Qureshi*
EFFECT OF PLANTING DENSITY AND GROWING MEDIA ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF STRAWBERRY
...erals with delicate flavors. It is perishable crop which is exceedingly in demand for its taste, profitability, high yield and good quality. To make the plant growth successful in the container, the requirement of special media is very important step because plant growth is largely depended on the physiochemical properties of the growing media used. Winter strawberry production in a greenhouse using high plant densities and various media may be a viable altern...
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Sonila Hassan**
PRODUCTION AND MARKETING OF CAMEL PRODUCTS IN SEMIDESERT AND DESERT AREAS OF PAKISTAN
...2011 from 220 camel farmers and 17 market intermediaries. It is found that both camel farmers and market intermediaries were less educated. It is observed that markets for camel milk, meat, hides and hair are less established in semi desert and desert areas of the country. Mean production of milk per farm household was 5.4 and 6.5 liters per day in summer and winter seasons, respectively; ...
Naheed Zahra*, Muhammad Zubair Anwar*, Sonila Hassan** and Irfan Mehmood**
INSTITUTIONAL CREDIT ARRANGEMENT AND THEIR IMPLICATION ON AGRICULTURAL INCOME IN THE SELECTED VILLAGES OF RAWALPINDI DISTRICT
...city of subsistence farmers. The aim of the present research was to ascertain the impact of institutional credit on the agricultural income of the sample farmers. The study was based on the primary data collected from 150 farmers through purposive random sampling. Regression analysis was done to obtain the results. Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method was applied to generate the results. Res...
Hafiz Sultan Mahmood*, Munir Ahmad**, Tanveer Ahmad*, Muhammad Azhar Saeed* and Muhammad Iqbal***
POTENTIALS AND PROSPECTS OF PRECISION AGRICULTURE IN PAKISTAN - A REVIEW
...provide benefits to farmers as well as reduced environmental stresses in the developed world. Present paper provides an overview of precision agriculture and examines the potentials, prospects, implications, issues and relevance of precision agricultural applications in Pakistani agricultural system. There is a scope of many precision technologies to be implemented in the country. In this perspective, farme
Muhammad Yasin Mirza*, Mubashir Ahmad Khan*, Muhammad Amjad* and Malik Shah Nawaz*
STABILITY ANALYSIS FOR ECONOMIC TRAITS IN SESAME ( L.)
... using stability parameters, and to determine inter-parameters correlation. Two locations (NARC and D.I. Khan) were suitable for high productivity. PR-19-9-S produced maximum (341 kgha ) at NARC and V-90005 produced 344 kgha and PARS-I produced 304 kgha at D.I Khan. The variance due to GE interaction was highly significant for all the traits showing heri...
Mubashir Ahmad Khan*, Muhammad Yasin Mirza*, Muhammad Amjad*, Nazakat Nawaz*, Malik Shah Nawaz* and Doulat Baig*
ASSESSMENT OF GENETIC DIVERSITY IN GERMPLASM OF LINSEED ( L.)
...e of greater genetic diversity in the accessions for these traits. Dendrogram based on Euclidean distance coefficient using 10 quantitative traits, grouped all the linseed accessions into 13 clusters. Cluster II was the biggest and had 33 accessions followed by Cluster I having 11 accessions. For the development of high yielding varieties, best performing accessions of Clusters I and II co...
Muhammad Shahzad*, Akhter Ali**, Abdul Hayee Qureshi**, Naveed Jehan*, Imran Ullah* and Majid Khan*
ASSESSMENT OF POST-HARVEST LOSSES OF PLUM IN SWAT, PAKISTAN
...ssary for the stake holders to make informed decision about harvest and post harvest practices. This study was conducted in Swat district in 2012 to quantify these losses at different levels using four different questionnaires. Proportionate stratified random sampling technique was used for the collection of data from different categories of respondents and tehsils. Post harvest losses were estimated through percentage method. The most important reasons were p...
Elizabeth Stephen Waghchoure-Camphor* and Mohammad Irshad**
SURVEY OF MANAGED F. (APIDAE: HYMENOPTERA) POPULATION IN GALIAT, MURREE AND ISLAMABAD
...se bees. This study is first of its type in Pakistan to document the population density of this bee. It reveals the distribution and strength of population of in mainly hilly areas of Pakistan. The objective of this study is not only useful to upscale honey production by this hill bee but also for pollination purpose. People interviewed were of the opinion that there is still some potential for these bees. Abbottabad area was having comparatively more populati...
Shahid Ali*, Anjum Shehzad*, Muhammad Ather Rafi* and Ahmed Zia*
INSECT POLLINATORS OF LITCHI ( ) FROM DISTRICT HARIPUR, PAKISTAN
...amilies belonging to orders Diptera and Hymenoptera. Family Calliphoridae, Muscidae, Sarcophagidae and Syrphidae, represented the order Diptera, while families, Andrenidae, Apidae, Halictidae and Vespidae belonged to order Hymenoptera....
Ayesha Tahir* and Sonila Hassan**
ECONOMIC FEASIBILITY OF SMALL SCALE BUTTON MUSHROOM PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN
...munerative to its producers as it can give maximum net return by reducing their cost of production as its cultivation is dependent on the agricultural raw material which is cheaply available....
Amir Khatam*, Sher Muhammad**, Badar Naseem Siddiqui***, Muhammad Zakaria Yousuf Hassan****, Ijaz Ashraf**, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan***** and Aijaz Kuharoo******
COMMUNICATION OF AGRICULTURAL INFORMATION THROUGH GROUP CONTACT METHODS IN PAKISTAN
...0 randomly selected farmers of four districts and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Survey method was used for data collection by researchers using a pre-tested research instrument. The results of the study show that sources of agricultural information used by the farmer respondents were seed/ fertilizer dealers, workshops, panel discussions, role playing and brainstorming. However, s...
Tabinda Qaiser*, Ayesha Tahir*, Sajida Taj* and Murad Ali*
BENEFIT-COST ANALYSIS OF APICULTURE ENTERPRISE: A CASE STUDY IN DISTRICT CHAKWAL, PAKISTAN
...ollected from 25 beekeepers of Chakwal district because this enterprise is working more in areas like Chakwal, Sargodha, FatehJang and Mardan. Beekeepers were selected randomly for case study and they were interviewed for getting the necessary data to determine the costs and return of beekeeping and assess the scope of beekeeping. The benefit cost ratio of beekeeping was 1.4709 which showed that this business was profitable....
Shahida Khalid*and Shahida Nasreen Khokhar*
INTERACTION OF HERBICIDES AND BIO-INOCULANTS WITH AGRICULTURAL CROPS AND WEEDS
...ironment through their versatile role. Whereas weeds are a limitation and herbicide carryover can also be injurious to subsequent crops. The residual/carryover herbicides may influence sowing decisions for the next crop due to reduced herbicide breakdown. The present study aimed at exploring the contribution of bio-fertilizer microbes (Azospirillum) to mitigate the inhibitory effect of herbicide residue in soil, and their inhibitory effect on weed seeds. The c...
Muhammad Tayyab Mudassar*, Ehsan-ul-Haq*, Muhammad Naeemullah**, Muhammad Shakeel*, Muhammad Ashfaque*, Asmat un Nisa* and Javed Khan*
ECONOMIC REARING OF CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA (STEPHENS) (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) IN INSECTARY
...acoccus solenopsis crawlers. Adult emergence rate was significantly higher when provided with S. cerealella eggs, which was more economical than that of P. solenopsis crawlers. For efficient and quality production of C. carnea in laboratory using available and inexpensive equipment to produce the healthy surplus of this predator for experiment and small holding field releases, S. cereallela is recommended as more efficient a...
Javed Khan*, Ehsan-ul-Haq*, Habib Iqbal Javed*, Tariq Mahmood*,
Awais Rasool*, Naheed Akhtar and Saleem Abid**
BIOLOGICAL PARAMETERS AND PREDATORY POTENTIAL OF CHRYSOPERLA CARNEA (NEUROPTERA: CHRYSOPIDAE) FEEDING ON WHEAT APHID SCHIZAPHIS GRAMINUM (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE) UNDER LABORATORY CONDITIONS
...es on biological parameters of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens) on Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) aphid were carried out in Insecatry- Bio control Laboratories, Insect Pest Management Programme, Department of Plant and Environmental Protection, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan. The results indicate that incubation period was 3.8±0.08 days with 87.0% hatchability. The developmental duration of firs
Said Salman*, Shah Jehan Khan*, Javed Khan**, Rehmat Ullah Khan*** and Imran Khan****
GENETIC VARIABILITY STUDIES IN BREAD WHEAT (TRITICUM AESTIVUM L.) ACCESSIONS
... all the studied parameters except chlorophyll concentration index and number of spikelet per spike indicating considerable amount of variation among the accessions for each trait. The genotypic and phenotypic coefficient of variation estimates were higher for all the traits except chlorophyll concentration index and days to physiological maturity. Highest heritability estimates and expected genetic advance were found for all the traits except chlorophyll conc...
Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Maqsood Ahmad*, Gulshan Riaz* and Sartaj Khan*
PERFORMANCE OF SUMMER FORAGE LEGUMES AND THEIR RESIDUAL EFFECT ON SUBSEQUENT OAT CROP IN SUBTROPICAL SUBHUMID POTHWAR, PAKISTAN
... application of fertilizers in Randomized Complete Block Design. The highest dry matter yield was obtained from millet (8.9 -1 -1 -1 tha ), followed by cowpeas (4.5 tha ), sesbania (4.4 tha ), rice beans (2.9 -1 -1 tha ), lablab bean (2.2 tha ) while cluster bean produced lowest dry matter -1 (1.7 tha ). Cluster bean had the highest crude protein content (23.2 %) followed by cowpea (22.6 %), lablab bean (21.6 %), rice bean (20.1 %) and sesbania (19.1 %). Mille...
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Sonila Hassan**
ECONOMICS OF COW MILK PRODUCTION IN SINDH AND AZAD JAMMU & KASHMIR
...ta of 130 livestock farmers, selected through simple random sampling technique. Shares of different feed resources in total feeding cost have been determined and cost-benefit analysis of milk production by ecological zones was also conducted. Wide variations in share of feed sources in total feeding cost per annum, milk productivity and profitability of main cow breeds across selected areas have been observed. Concentrate feeding is the main cost item for cow ...
Tanzila Kazmi*, Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry*, Aftab Ahmed** and Shaheer Ellahi Khan**
FARMERS BELIEFS ABOUT INDIGENOUS FARMING PRACTICES AND SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT
...h the sample of 187 farmers were drawn out of the population of 3680, to cultivate insight and beliefs regarding the indigenous farming practices and how it is related with sustainable agricultural development. During the study a mixture of qualitative techniques including interview guide(s), focus group discussions (FGDs) and case study were used. The study revealed that indigenous knowledge is a long term process and demands a complete approach to achieve de...
Naveed Jehan*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla**, Muhammad Shahzad*, Abid Hussain**, Muhammad Zahoor*, Majid Khan* and Ahmed Bilal*
USE OF MOBILE PHONES BY FARMING COMMUNITY AND ITS IMPACT ON VEGETABLE PRODUCTIVITY
...ncement, growth and farmers’ prosperity. Mobile phone helps farmers in getting information about commodity prices in different markets. The farmers can get up-to-date information about various markets in different regions and can accordingly arrange transportation and labor services in time. The study was conducted to see the effect of timely infor...
Ali Ahsan Bajwa*, Ehsanullah*, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum*, Wahaj Nafees*, Mohsin Tanveer* and Hafiz Salman Saeed*
IMPACT OF FERTILIZER USE ON WEED MANAGEMENT IN CONSERVATION AGRICULTURE - A REVIEW
...ncreased use of fertilizers, pesticides, chemical growth regulators, machinery and poor management practices are accelerating environmental pollution, soil degradation, global warming, climatic change and food deterioration. Conservation agriculture offers a sustainable solution for all these problems most often. This review focuses the use of fertilizers
Muhammad Sohail*, Imtiaz Hussain*, Riaz-ud-Din*, Sikandar Khan Tanveer*, Maqsood Qamar* and Syed Haider Abbas*
EVALUATION OF ADVANCE WHEAT LINES FOR AGRONOMIC TRAITS IN RAINFED ENVIRONMENT
...e growth period. The adverse effect of the late planting was significant (P<0.05) on grain yield of the crop. Late planting produced 29% lower grain yield than normal planting. Genotypes also showed significant variation (P<0.05) regarding grain yield production under both normal and late sowing dates. Under more stressful growing conditions (late planting), minimum grain yield reduction was noticed in line NR-397 (19%) followed by NARC-09 (20%), NR-400 ...
Mustaring,* I. Subagyo,** Soebarinoto** and Marsetyo*
GROWTH, YIELD AND NUTRITIVE VALUE OF NEW INTRODUCED BRACHIARIA SPECIES AND LEGUME HERBS AS RUMINANT FEED IN CENTRAL SULAWESI, INDONESIA
...2, respectively. Parameters measured include plant height, tillage number, dry matter (DM) yield, in vitro digestibility and nutrient contents. Plant height and tillage number were monitored at week 4, 6 and 8 then harvested at week 8. Results revealed that the Brachiaria mutica (8 weeks old) had highest plant height (207 cm), but lowest tillage number (64), crude protein (CP) content (8.64%), in vitro organic matter (OM) digestibility (47.36%) On the other ha...
Md. Nazirul Islam*, M. Z. Rahman**, R. Ali***, A. K. Azad**** and M. K. Sultan**
DIVERSITY ANALYSIS AND ESTABLISHMENT OF CORE SUBSETS OF HYACINTH BEAN COLLECTION OF BANGLADESH
...Distribution of vine colors, flower and pod colors, pod curvature and beak position on pod noticed the presence of substantial variation in the collection. Shannon Diversity Index also revealed high phenotypic diversity in vine and pod characters. High diversities were estimated in q...
Nazakat Nawaz*, Malik Shah Nawaz*, Mubashir Ahmad Khan*, Mirza M. Yasin*, Doulat Baig*, Nasir Mehmood Cheema**, Muhammad Amjad** and M. Altaf Sher**
EFFECT OF BORON ON PEANUT GENOTYPES UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
...tments during the two years. The boron using efficiency of peanut genotypes declined in the order of BARD-479 > ICG- 7326 > ICGV-92023. A boron fertilizer requirement observed for the -1 highest dry pods yields was 1.0 kg B ha for all genotypes and yield decreases gradually after certain level by increasing boron fertilizer rates....
Nazir Ahmad*, Sultan Ayaz*, Sumaira Shams**, Karimullah*** and Riaz Ahmad****
PREVALENCE AND MORPHOLOGY OF HELMINTH PARASITES OF FISH FROM RIVER SWAT, KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...cephalus, Rhabdochona charsaddiensis, Rhabdochona schizothoracis and Neoechynorhynchus devdevi. They were identified by morphological characteristics through microscopic techniques. Overall prevalence of the fish parasites was 58% (145/250). Among these Schizothorax plageostomus fish 93.04% (107/115), Schizothorax labiatus 61.11% (33/54), Salmo trutta fario 17.85% (05/28), Gara gotyla 0% (0/09), Rita rita 0% (0/25) and Oncorhynchus mykiss were 0% ( 0/19). The ...
Saima Rani*, Hassnain Shah*, Umar Farooq** and Bushra Rehman**
SUPPLY, DEMAND, AND POLICY ENVIRONMENT FOR PULSES IN PAKISTAN
... verify the various factors influencing the supply of pulses and to develop suitable demand relations. Therefore the paper fills an information gap regarding factors affecting the supply and demand of pulses in Pakistan. The present study focuses on two important pulses grown in the country namely gram (chickpea) and mung (mungbean). Using Nerlove's adjustment lag model as the basic framework supply and demand aspect has bee...
Rehmat Ullah*, Kalim Ullah** and Mohammad Zafarullah Khan*
EXTENSION SERVICES AND TECHNOLOGY ADOPTION OF DATE PALM (PHOENIX DACTYLIFERA L.) IN DISTRICT DERA ISMAIL KHAN
...ing the problems of farmers and suggesting a suitable solution for these problems. Due to the utmost importance of agricultural extension services, its role was investigated in the major date producing areas (Dakki, Mian Wada, Mathra Abad, Jhok Ghamywali, Habib Abad, Bilot Sharif, Himat, Jhok Moazam, Matwala Shah, Chura and Jhok Malkanri) of the district Dera Ismail Khan by personal interview method from a sample of 51 respo...
Muhammad Sharif*, Muhammad Azam Niazi*, Abdul Jabbar** and Sajida Taj***
FINANCIAL PROFITABILITY OF WHITE SUGAR PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN
...bility (consumption kg person year ) was 27.18 in Pakistan. Urgent research efforts are required to ensure development of improved varieties of sugarcane with higher sucrose recovery. Effective measures are needed for disease control and optimal pesticide use. Adequate supply of water, optimal use of fertilizer and judicious use of pesticides can improve yield and hence higher financial profitability....
Syeda Nasreen*, Mehwish Ishaque**, Muhammad Ayub Khan*, Saleem-ud-din* and Syeda Musarrat Gilani*
COMBINING ABILITY ANALYSIS FOR SEED PROTEINS, OIL CONTENT AND FATTY ACIDS COMPOSITION IN SUNFLOWER (HELIANTHUS ANNUUS L.)
...ustify;">Genetically diverse sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) inbred lines comprising six cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) and six fertility restorer (R ) lines were crossed in a line x tester mating design to obtain 36 f F hybrids. Parental lines and F hybrids exhibited mean values for seed 1 1 total proteins, oil content and fatty acids composition. Among parental lines, CMS-64, CMS-53, CMS-H55-2-2-1 and CMS-53 were the best general combine
Abid Hussain*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Nouman Badar*
YIELD GAP DETERMINANTS FOR WHEAT PRODUCTION IN MAJOR IRRIGATED CROPPING ZONES OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...ional data from 210 farmers for the crop year 2009-10. Results suggest that farm level wheat yields are less than the potential yield level by 33.0%, 43.0% and 50.6% in the mixed-cropping, cotton-wheat and rice-wheat zones of the province, respectively. Ordinary least square regression analysis of wheat production by assuming Cobb-Douglas specification reveals that the number of irrigations, usage of farm yard manure and fertilizers
Maqsood Qamar*, S. Dilanawaz Ahmad Gardazi**, Riaz-ud-Din*, Muhammad Sohail* and Syed Haider Abbas*
PARTIAL RESISTANCE TO STRIPE RUST AND ITS EFFECT ON SUSTAINABILITY OF WHEAT YIELD
...es if susceptible cultivars are planted under favorable conditions. Level of partial plant resistance in bread wheat and its impact on sustainable wheat production was studied at the National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad under natural conditions in the field. Eleven Pakistani commercial wheat cultivars/advance lines including check (Inqalab 91) were assessed for the level of partial resistance against stripe rust ...
Sajid Ali*, Quratulain Altaf** and Umar Farooq*
ACREAGE RESPONSE OF FLUE CURED VIRGINIA TOBACCO IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...., Swabi, Mardan, and Charsadda. Data used in the study cover time series data for 1971-2011. The newly developed Auto Regressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model for cointegration was used to estimate the short-run and long-run elasticities. The study found a long-run price elasticity of 0.33, thereby revealing that FCV acreage response to its own price is relatively inelastic. The short-run acreage response was also low (0.13) and therefore relatively inelastic....
Frasat Saeed*, Jehanzeb Farooq*, Abid Mahmood**, Tassawar Hussain***, Muhammad Riaz* and Saghir Ahmad****
GENETIC DIVERSITY IN UPLAND COTTON FOR COTTON LEAF CURL VIRUS DISEASE, EARLINESS AND FIBER QUALITY
...stimation of genetic diversity regarding CLCuD tolerance, fiber quality and some yield contributing traits, 101 cotton genotypes imported from USA were evaluated. Different statistical procedures like cluster, principle components (PC) and correlation analysis were employed to identify the suitable genotypes that can be further exploited in breeding programme. Significant associations were found between yield contributing trait, boll weight and fiber related t...
Muhammad Ali*, Ghulam Mustafa Sajid**, M. Faisal Anwar Malik*** and Kalimullah****
ESTABLISHMENT OF IN VITRO CULTURE OF GRAPES
...d initial growth parameters. Accession No. 020017 (Dakh-1) exhibited highest viability (100%), shoot length (4.12 cm) -1 and nodes plant (3.8). Moreover, it was found that response of cultures to different treatments was dependent both on accession and treatment duration. In conclusion, this protocol proved to be useful in optimizing the dose and duration of the treatment of grape explants with the surface disinfectant....
Samiullah*, Mehmood Shah*, Kalim Ullah**, Rehmat Ullah*** and Ibrarullah****
PROFITABILITY OF WHEAT PRODUCTION IN DERA ISMAIL KHAN
...ondents were probed by personal interview method from the sampled villages. Cost and return (gross return) data from the respondents were analyzed. Farm budgeting technique for estimating cost, gross return and profitability was applied. The analysis of data revealed that the average cost per acre was Rs. 24716.32. Similarly average production of wheat (output) was estimated to -1 -1 be 1618.40 kg acre . Thus the gross return was Rs. 45315.39 acre , whereas th...
Naheed Zahra*, Hassnain Shah*, M. Azeem Khan* and M. Zubair Anwar*
LIVELIHOOD ASSETS AND POVERTY NEXUS: A CASE STUDY FROM RAINFED POTHWAR AREA OF PAKISTAN
...0 households arround watershed project site at Fateh Jang in Pothwar region. The inter-linkage of livelihood assets and poverty is determined by employing poverty score card technique. The poverty status of household was highly correlated with the livelihood sources (P<0.01), water availability for irrigation(P<0.10) and tenancy status (P<0.05). The results regarding poverty revealed that 2.50% of the sampled households were chronically poor, 5.0% tra...
Rashid Minhas*, Iftikhar Ahmad Khan**, Faisal Saeed Awan**, Lal Hussain Akhtar*, Syed Awais Sajid Shah* and M. Shahjhan Bukhari*
ESTIMATION OF GENETIC DIVERSITY AND HYBRID IDENTIFICATION IN AMERICAN COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.) BY PCR BASED RAPD ANALYSIS
...o estimate 1 genetic diversity and hybrid identification. Out of the 26 RAPD primers used for DNA amplification, 14 primers produced polymorphic bands, while 12 produced monomorphic bands. These 14 primers yielded total 96 RAPD markers, out of which only 40 were found polymorphic which resulted in 41.66% polymorphism a...
Munir Ahmad*, Asif Ali Mirani**, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood**, Tanveer Ahmad** and Muhammad Azhar Saeed**
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF CROSS-FLOW RICE DRYERS
...tly, cross-flow rice dryers have been adopted in the rice milling industry of the country. The heat source of these cross-flow dryers can be a gas or rice husk. This study focussed on the performance evaluation of cross-flow rice dryers with both gas and rice husk heat sources. The experimental results indicated that drying air temperature of the gas-fired and rice husk-fired drye
Mian Sabahatullah*, Manzoor Ahmad Mashwani**, Qurratul Ain Tahira* and Mian Inayatullah*
NEW RECORD OF SUBFAMILY CHARMONTINAE (BRACONIDAE: HYMENOPTERA) IN PAKISTAN WITH THE DESCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES
...ae is recorded for the first time from Pakistan. Charmontinae is a small but widely distributed group of braconids. A cosmopolitan braconid species, Charmon extensor (Linnaeus), is first time recorded from Chitral area of Pakistan. A new species, Charmon ovchinnikovi, is described, illustrated and compared with its closely related species Charmon extensor. The new species is different from C. extensor because of different sc...
Gul Zamin Khan*, Imtiaz Ali Khan**, Inamullah Khan* and Mian Inayatullah**
OUTDOOR BREEDING OF MOSQUITO SPECIES AND ITS POTENTIAL EPIDEMIOLOGICAL IMPLICATIONS IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
... Nowshera, Mardan and Charsadda of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2012-13 for development of ultimate control strategies of mosquito breeding in outdoor habitats. Larvae were collected from various mosquito breeding habitats such as irrigation channels, irrigation water leakages, pots, vase, tyres, temporary containers stagnant flood waters, etc. Ovitraps were used as monitoring tools...
Hassnain Shah*, Nadeem Akmal*, Waqas Farooq*, Muhammad Azeem Khan* and Shahid Munir**
SHIFT FROM SITE DEVELOPMENT TO SKILL DEVELOPMENT: A CASE STUDY OF WATER HARVESTING THROUGH MICRO CATCHMENTS
...o get insight about farmers' intention towards adoption of micro catchments as a useful tool for rainwater harvesting. The assessment of acceptability and compatibility of the intervention through farmers' perceptions, feed-back, practices and intentions regarding up-scaling the technology would develop the up-scaling and sustainability options for wider area. Under Watershed Rehabilitatio...
Ambreen Akhtar Saddozai*, Amer Mumtaz*, Nouman Rashid*, Shahzada Arshad Saleem**, Saeeda Raza* and Muhammad Naeem Safdar*
COMPARISON OF INDIGENOUSLY DEVELOPED TANGERINE-ORANGE MARMALADE WITH BRANDED MARMALADES AVAILABLE AT LOCAL MARKETS
..., yeast, moulds, pH, sugars and vitamin C contents. Marmalade was prepared from blended juices of orange and tangerine. Branded marmalades i.e., National, Mitchells and Salman’s were purchased from local markets and compared with non-branded (orange and tangerine) marmalades. Both marmalades were analysed for microbiological (TPC, yeast and mould), physico-chemical characteristics (pH, Brix, vitamin C and suga
Nusrat Habib*, Saima Rani*, Sabeen Siddiqui*, Shah Zaman** and Muhammad Zubair Anwar*
IMPACT OF MAJOR FARM INPUTS ON PRODUCTIVITY OF SUGARCANE: A CASE STUDY IN TEHSIL KOT ADDU, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...cted from sugarcane growers to find out the affect of major farm inputs on the productivity of sugarcane in Tehsil Kot Addu (Punjab). The data was collected from 70 sugarcane growers during 2013 harvesting. The costs of land preparation, DAP, urea, irrigation, FYM, seed and labor for harvesting were the significant factors which affect on the proceeds of sugarcane growe
Farrukh Saleem*, Babar Hilal Ahmad*, Saleem Zahid* and Bilal Kabeer*
COMPARATIVE PRODUCTIVE PERFORMANCE OF INDIGENOUS NAKED NECK AND NAKED NECK CROSSBRED LAYER CHICKENS
...Neck Crossbred (NNC) layers exhibited relatively less body weight (1461g) at 40 weeks of age, better egg -1 -1 production (66.36 %) and feed efficiency (761.32 g feed bird week ) and produced heavier eggs (average weight 60.89g) than those produced by Naked Neck (NN). However, the difference in the feed intake values was found to be non 0.05). The Naked Neck layers produced thicker shelled eggs (0.390mm) and sh...
ZafarUllah*, Muhammad Azim Malik*, Muhammad Ansar*, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz* and Muhammad Rasheed*
WINTER FORAGE QUALITY OF OATS (AVENA SATIVA), BARLEY (HORDEUM VULGARE) AND VETCH (VICIA SATIVA) IN PURE STAND AND CEREAL LEGUME MIXTURE
...t for two consecutive years in subtropical rainfed conditions of Rawalpindi, Pakistan to evaluate the forage quality of oats, barley and vetch grown in pure stands and cereallegume mixtures. Treatments comprised oats pure stand, oats in oatsvetch mixture, barley pure stand, barley in barley-vetch mixture, vetch pure stand, vetch in oats-vetch mixture and vetch in barley-vetch mixture. Forage yield and quality of oats and barley were improved in oats-vetch and ...
Nosheen Zahra*, Ghulam Sarwar* and Sher Muhammad**
COMPARISON OF GYPSUM AND POTASSIUM SILICATE FOR RECLAMATION OF SALINE SODIC SOIL
...sary N, P and K fertilizers were applied at the recommended rate. After crop harvest, soil samples were taken for analysis of pH, electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of soil. All the amendments when used alone or in combination with each other improved the chemical parameters of soil. All levels of gypsum (100%, 75% and 50% G.R) proved effective in lowering pH,...
Muhammad Aamir Khan*, Abdul Saboor*, Rauf-i-Azam**, Abdul Qayyum Mohsin* and Fayyaz-ul-Hassan***
IMPACT OF AGRICULTURAL TRADE LIBERALIZATION ON INCOME INEQUALITY IN PAKISTAN
...s the impact of Pakistan’s agricultural trade liberalization using a modified Global Trade Analysis Project (GTAP) framework. The newly developed MyGTAP program was used to modify the Pakistan’s data in the Global GTAP Database and Standard GTAP model to include multiple households and labor types. This disaggregation allows to analyze distributional impacts and to implement policy scenarios that target particula...
Maimoona Bashir*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Muhammad Fateh Ullah Khan* and Abdul Razzaq*
EFFECT OF MIXING LOW PALATABLE GRASSES AND IPIL IPIL LEAVES ON FORAGE QUALITY
...ed for proximate parameters (crude protein (CP), crude fiber (CF), total ash and ether extract (EE)). The results revealed that there were significant differences in dry matter (DM) among different grasses. DM content of low palatable grasses was generally high (70-75%) as compared to Ipil ipil leaves (45-55%). DM content among mixtures was also variable. For the treatment grass 75% + Ipil ipil 25%, DM range was 65-70%, for grass 50% + Ipil ipil 50%, it was 60...
Maimoona Bashir*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar*, Muhammad Fateh Ullah Khan* and Raheel Babar*
EFFECT OF MIXING LOW PALATABLE GRASS OF HETEROPOGON CONTORTUS WITH IPIL IPIL LEAVES ON DIGESTIBILITY IN GOATS
...estibility. However, reverse trend was observed in digestibility of CF where highest digestibility was recorded in HC and lowest in II . It 100% 100% can be concluded that grass and ipil ipil leaf mixture are better regarding forage quality and nutrient digestibility and can be recommended as animal feed....
Muhammad Shahzad*, Ayesha Tahir**, Naveed Jehan*** and Muhammad Luqman*
IMPACT OF DIFFERENT PACKAGING TECHNOLOGIES ON POSTHARVEST LOSSES OF STONE FRUITS IN SWAT PAKISTAN
...osses and different factors at three different stages. Findings of the study revealed the channel of cardboard box technology accounted for post-harvest losses of 10.49% while at farm level, losses were 2.90%, at wholesale level 1.45% and retail level the losses were 6.14%. On the other hand post-harvest losses were 14.24% in wooden box channel; in which 6.10% occurred at farm level, 1.43% at the wholesale level and 6.71% at the retail level. Cardboard box tec...
Mazher Abbas*, Irfan Mehmood*, Arshed Bashir*, Muhammad Ather Mehmood* and Sonila Hassan*
WOMEN COTTON PICKERS PERCEPTIONS ABOUT HEALTH HAZARDS DUE TO PESTICIDE USE IN IRRIGATED PUNJAB
...al importance from the perspective of largest employment generation both for males and females in the production and value chains. Cotton picking is primarily a female specific activity in all cropping zones of Pakistan. Women cotton pickers mostly belong to poor rural society involved in this labour force to feed their families. Cotton pickers in Pakistan face some serious health related ...
Arshed Bashir*, Fatima Ahmad**, Irfan Mehmood*, Muhammad Qasim*, Mazher Abbas* and Sonila Hassan*
ECONOMICS OF RED MEAT PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB
...n and 76 red meat producers were interviewed. The results showed that commercial farms were dominated by cows while the small sized specialized farms were dominated by buffaloes. The mean age, sale price and live weight of sold buffaloes was 2.8 years, Rs. 64963.8 and 157 kg, respectively whereas for cows the mean age was 3 years with average sale price of Rs. 65722.1 per cow and live weig...
Syeda Aimen Hadi*, Abid Ghafoor Chaudhry*, Aftab Ahmed** and Shaheer Ellahi Khan***
PERCEPTION, APPROACHES AND PRACTICES OF LOCAL FARMING AND DEVELOPMENT: AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL APPROACH
...ng abandoned by the farmers. Modern farming which is representative of development has increased the competition, transitioning, breaking the community into people experimenting on modern technology and those who are still finding means to adapt their traditional agriculture to the fast changing needs of the societies. The research was carried out in the villages of Ghora Gali and Aruka through qualitative and quantitative methods. Sustainable development in P...
Muhammad Akhter*, Muhammad Azhar Ali**, Zulqarnain Haider* and Shahzad Muzammil***
PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHANGES IN GRAINS OF SOME ADVANCE LINES/ VARIETIES OF RICE (ORYZA SATIVA L.) AFTER PARBOILING
...ritional quality parameters such as ash, dry matter, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, vitamin B6; milling quality parameters such as total milling recovery, head rice recovery, ratio of broken grains and cooking quality parameters such as curling, bursting and cooked grain length. The study showed significant variation in efficacy of parboiling to ...
Kalim Ullah*, Zahid Usman*,Niamatullah Khan*, Rehmat Ullah**, Fazal Yazdan Saleem***, Shahid Iqbal Khattak**** and Muhammad Ali*****
GENETIC DIVERSITY FOR YIELD AND RELATED TRAITS IN UPLAND COTTON GENOTYPES
...tential in cotton cultivars was conducted at the Cotton Research Station, D.I.Khan, Pakistan, during 2013. The experiment was carried out in Randomized Complete Block design replicated four times. The genetic material comprised nine cotton cultivars viz., Gomal-93, SLH-373, BH-186, BH-172, CIM-573, CRIS- 342, CIM-591, CIM-608 and DNH-105. Results depicted the significant (P≤0.01) differences for the investigated paramete<...
Muhammad Arshad Ullah*, Nazir Hussain**, Helge Schmeisky*** and Muhammad Rasheed****
INOCULATION AND INTER-CROPPING OF LEGUMES IN ESTABLISHED GRASS FOR INCREASING BIOMASS OF FODDER
... high income to the farmers. In Pakistan, this vast resource faces many crucial challenges like low quality and high priced feed and fodder and limited chances of increasing area under fodders due to competition for food crops. Intercropping (33%, 50% and 67%) of Panicum maximum grass and legumes (Vicia sativa and cowpeas) coupled with inoculation was studied under rainfed conditions at National Agricultural Research Centre ...
Rashed Saeed*, Shoaib-ur-Rehman**, Muhammad Qasim*, Hafiz Zahid Mahmood*** and Irfan Mehmood*
ECONOMICS OF PERI-URBAN RADISH PRODUCTION AND MARKETING IN FAISALABAD
...m 70 radish growing farmers selected randomly from peri-urban area of district Faisalabad, Pakistan. It was found that majority of farmers were not following recommendations of the agriculture department regarding seed rate, fertilizers, and irrigations. Majority of respondents (94.2%) reported the local Meno as the best yielding variety. Imported and 40 day varieties were not popular as o...
Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Abid Hussain*
ECONOMICS OF MILK PRODUCTION OF MAJOR DAIRY BUFFALO BREEDS BY AGRO-ECOLOGICAL ZONES IN PAKISTAN
...urpose, 219 buffalo farmers were randomly selected from mixed and rice-wheat cropping zones of Punjab and Sindh provinces, mixed cropping zone of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province, coastal zone of Sindh and mountainousAJK. Of these, 155 and 64 were Nili-Ravi and Kundhi buffalo breed farmers, respectively. The study revealed that among the structure of cost components, feed cost occupied the major share in total cost of milk ...
Muhammad Asif Jamil*, Nowshad Khan*, FarhatUllah Khan* and Muhammad Zakria*
EFFECTIVENESS OF AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICES IN DISSEMINATION OF INFORMATION TO THE FARMING COMMUNITY OF DISTRICT BHIMBER, AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR
...ata consists of 150 farmers. The study revealed that respondent's acquaintance with extension staff was very low as only 18.00% of the respondents had personal acquaintance with the extension staff and 12.67% of them knew extension staff through their neighbour, while 38% of respondents from their friends. The farmers who knew extension staff through relatives were only 16%. It was also fo...
Muhammad Arshad Ullah*, Nazir Hussain**, Helge Schmeisky*** and Muhammad Rasheed****
IMPROVING FODDER QUALITY OF PANICUM GRASS THROUGH INTERCROPPING OF LEGUMES AND THEIR INOCULATION
...ed conditions for two years at National Agricultural Research Centre (NARC) Islamabad, Pakistan. Treatments comprising intercropping of Panicum grass with legumes (33%, 50% and 67%) with or without inoculation to investigate its fodder quality. The study clearly indicated that quality of fodder increased significantly both with the legumes and inoculation. The intercropping of Panicum grass with 67% inoculation proved the best combination. The 6-7% higher crud...
Israr Ali*, Naushad Ali*, Riffat Tahira**, Sardar Ali*, Izhar Hussain* and Sher Aslam Khan*
GENETIC DIVERSITY ASSESSMENT IN BRASSICA GERMPLASM BASED ON MORPHOLOGICAL ATTRIBUTES
...tify;"> Genetic diversity of 28 Brassica genotypes was studied using different morphological attributes. Data were recorded on days to maturity (DM), -1 -1 plant height (PH), primary branches plant (PBPP), pod length (PL), seed pod (SP), -1 1000-seed weight (1000-SW), yield plant (YPP) and oil (%). Three checks (Pakola, CM and TA), were used to check the performance of collected materials with already available brassica varieties. Significant statistical ...
Said Salman*, Shah Jehan Khan* and Javed Khan**
HETEROSIS AND HETROBELTIOSIS PERFORMANCE OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS IN BREAD WHEAT CROSSES UNDER DROUGHT STRESS CONDITIONS
...rought 1 tolerant cultivars and four susceptible lines as parents. The experiment was conducted at the Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan during 2012-13. The performance of crosses and their parents were evaluated with three replications. These crosses were -1 evaluated for plant height, number of tillers plant , days to 50% heading, -1 -1 spike length, nu...
Ibrar Ali*, Abdul Mateen Khattak*, Muhammad Ali* and Kalim Ullah**
PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT TOMATO CULTIVARS UNDER ORGANIC AND INORGANIC REGIMES
... different tomato cultivars under organic and inorganic regimes an experiment was conducted at New Developmental Farm, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan during the summer 2013-14. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with split plot arrangement having four replications. Organic regimes (FYM, poultry manure and mushroom compost) and inorganic (NPK) regimes were allotted to main plot, while cultiva
Muhammad Qasim*, Sonila Hassan*, Arshed Bashir*, Hafiz Zahid Mahmood** and Irfan Mehmood*
ANALYZING PRODUCTION POTENTIAL OF SELECTED FOOD AND LEGUME CROPS FOR FOOD SECURITY IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...to project these parameters on the basis of estimated growth co-efficient. Time-series data for area, yield and production were collected for wheat, sugarcane, rice, mung and gram since 1980-81. The semi-log trend function was employed to find out the growth rate of selected commodities. The findings of the study showed the positive growth rates of area, production and yield of all selected food grain and legume crops. The estimated co-efficient for all growth...
Amjad Pervez*, Syed Muzaffar Ahmed*, Akhlaq Ahmad** and Qazi Mehmood Ali**
EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT FOOD GRAINS AS BAITS FOR MANAGEMENT OF HYSTRIX INDICA
... by wheat, maize and others. The present study suggested that rice in whole or cracked form alone or in combination with wheat can be applied as very palatable (32% and 27%, respectively) and cost effective grain as bait base for effective management of Indian porcupine, Hystrix indica, being an economically important rodent pest of agriculture, forestry and irrigation network in Pakistan....
Quratulain*, Muhammad Aslam**, Muhammad Khalid Rafique*, Mian Atiq Ahmad* and Rashid Mahmood***
POPULATION DYNAMICS OF ROSE APHID MACROSIPHUM ROSAE L. ON DIFFERENT CULTIVARS OF ROSA INDICA L. IN PAKISTAN
...ah-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi research field area on rose plants for rose aphid populations during 2008-09. Data were recorded on weekly basis. Nymphs, winged and wingless adults were counted from leaves (upper, middle and lower leaves), buds and flowers by visual observation from tagged plants. Aphid populations start to develop in November and its population decline with decline in temperature in December. Whi...
Junaid Alvi*, Ijaz Ashraf*, Khalid Mehmood Ch*, Muhammad Iftikhar* and Saleem Ashraf**
IMPACT OF LIVESTOCK IN UPLIFTING RURAL LIVELIHOOD
...elected livestock producers in SubDistrict Jaranwala of District Faisalabad. Data showed that, livestock farming on small level was found widely adopted for income generation. More than 22% respondents earned a maximum income of more than Rs.15000. Livestock have dominant effect on domestic needs fulfillment. Farmers were spending income on family chores, education, health and other aspects of life. Informal discussions and ...
Sobia Naheed*, Irum Raza*, M. Zubair Anwar*, Nusrat Habib*, Naheed Zahra* and Sabeen Siddiqui*
FORECASTING AREA AND PRODUCTION OF BARLEY IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...om 2012 to 2016. Five years forecast for barley area in Punjab was 26.140,
25.360, 24.580, 23.800, 23.020 ha and forecast of barley production in Punjab was 24.620, 23.950, 23.270, 22.600 and 21.930 tonnes for 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016, respectively, with a 95% prediction interval. Declining trends in
area and production of barley was observed from original series and this trend will be prevalent in the next five yea
Saqib Shakeel Abbasi*, Ayesha Tahir**, Irum Raza* Saleem Abid* and Muhammad Nisar Khan*
TREND ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING OF WHEAT AND RICE IN PAKISTAN
...rops over the last 30 years and based on statistical models, forecast their prices from 2013 to 2017. Different models have been applied to get the best fit model. These were linear trend model, quadratic trend model, exponential growth model and S-curve model. The minimum values of Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE), Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD) and Mean Squared Deviation (MSD) have been acquired and then the forecasting was made for the best fitted model...
Muhammad Mohsin Raza*, Muhammad Aslam Khan*, Irfan Ahmad**, Ali Ahsan Bajwa***, Hafiz Muhammad Usman Aslam*, Badar Ahsan Ullah****, and Kashif Riaz*
FOREST PATHOGENS AND DISEASES UNDER CHANGING CLIMATE -A REVIEW
...t diseases caused by diverse pests, resultantly altering the forest ecosystems. The present review covers the relationship between climate and diverse cases of forest diseases and potential shocks of climate change on pathogens and diseases. Biotic diseases, cankers, decays, declines, foliar diseases, root diseases and stem rust of pine have been reviewe...
Khurram Nawaz Saddozai*, Umme Rubab* and Abass Ullah Jan*
STOCHASTIC FRONTIER ANALYSIS OF MAIZE FARMERS IN AZAD JAMMU AND KASHMIR, PAKISTAN
...efficiency of maize growers through Cobb-Douglas type Stochastic Frontier Analysis in four villages of Muzaffarabad district, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJK), Pakistan. The proportional sampling allocation sampling technique was adopted to collect primary data from 80 sampled respondents in 2013-14. The maximum likelihood estimates of major inputs showed that seed, tractor hours, FYM and labor days have contributed significantl...
Khurram Nawaz Saddozai*, Muhammad Nasrullah* and Noor P. Khan**
STOCHASTIC FRONTIER PRODUCTION ANALYSIS OF TOBACCO GROWERS IN DISTRICT MARDAN, PAKISTAN
...oduction of tobacco growers. This parametric approach was encompassed to investigate the technical efficiency of growers. The primary data was gleaned during 2014-15 from sampled population of three villages namely Takkar Kali, Garo Shah and Passand Kali of Takhtbhai Tehsil, Mardan district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. The multi-stage sampling technique was utilized to obtain the desired sample size of 120 tobacco growe
Umar Ijaz Ahmed*, Liu Ying**, Muhammad Khalid Bashir***,
Muhammad Amjed Iqbal*, Muhammad Rizwan*, Muhammad Mazhar
Iqbal****, Muhammad Rafi Qamar***** and Aftab Nazeer******
SPATIAL PRICE TRANSMISSION IN PAKISTAN: THE CASE OF WHEAT AND RICE MARKETS
...will help the policy makers to formulate a better policy to enhance marketing function to overcome food insecurity situation....
Zafar Abbas*, Ijaz Ahmad**, Adnan Shakeel**, Muhammad Abdullah***, Muhammad Islam**, Sadiq Muhammad*, Ghulam Murtaza* and Mushtaq Ahmad**
EFFECT OF PHOSPHORUS FERTILIZER AND WATER STRESS ON PROTEIN AND PHENOLIC CONTENTS IN COTTON (GOSSYPIUM HIRSUTUM L.)
...cted by various fertilizers and water stress. In present research, the response of cotton variety CIM-496 to water stress and phosphorus fertilizer was investigated. Samples were collected after 90 days of planting. Kjeldahl method and thin layer chromatography (TLC) were used for the quantitative and qualitative analysis of total protein and phenolic compounds, respectively. Proteins were greatly affected by fertilizer treatment and water stress, but phenolic...
Ali Raza Shah**, Muhammad Saffar Mirjat**, Abdul Quadir Mughal***, Inayatullah Rajper** and Asif Ali Mirani****
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT TILLAGE SYSTEMS IN A CLAY LOAM SOIL*
...observed for all parameters in 2012 and 2013. The results suggested that the control traffic system was more efficient tillage system in terms of soil pulverization, operating speed, travel reduction and over all field capacity. While, zero tillage had minimum fuel consumption and conventional tillage had higher working depth hence, more soil volume was disturbed under this treatment. ...
Raja Zoq-ul-Arfeen*, Aamir Saleem*, Sarwat Naz Mirza*, Muhammad Akmal**, Hafiz Muhammad Tayyab* and Obaid Afzal***
BIODIVERSITY AND PHYTOSOCIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF UPSTREAM AND DOWNSTREAM RIPARIAN AREAS OF PAKISTAN: SPECIAL REFERENCE TO TAUNSA WILDLIFE SANCTUARY AND KETI SHAH FORESTS
...n of riverine floral diversity in low riparian zone of River Indus. The data was collected from Keti Shah forest and Taunsa wildlife sanctuary. Total 14259 plants/individuals were recorded, which belong to 54 plant species with 18 different families. In Taunsa pre-monsoon survey, total 30 plant species were found with 4476 plants from 16 different families. In Taunsa post-monsoon survey total 3348 individuals were recorded from 20 plant species and 9 families....
Saima Kanwal*, Saeeda Raza*, Khalid Naseem*, Muhammad Amjad*, Naseem Bibi* and Musarrat Gillani*
DEVELOPMENT, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL AND SENSORY PROPERTIES OF BISCUITS SUPPLEMENTED WITH PUMPKIN SEEDS TO COMBAT CHILDHOOD MALNUTRITION IN PAKISTAN
...d in all sensory parameters. Results showed acceptability at all levels but treatment T with 15 % pumpkin 4 seed flour scored highest (8.0) for maximum overall acceptability. It was concluded that pumpkin seed flour can be supplemented successfully to partially replace wheat flour to prepare highly nutritious biscuits without affecting its overall acceptability....
Anwar Hussain* and Muhammad Rahman**
ROLE OF TRAININGS ON FARMERS' PROFITABILITY OF MEDICINAL AND AROMATIC PLANTS IN MOUNTAINOUS AREAS OF DISTRICT SWAT, KHYBER PUKHTUNKHWA
...pact of training on farmers' profitability in medicinal and aromatic plants (MAPs) in mountainous areas of district Swat. A convenient sample of 100 respondents, engaged in MAPs in Chail Valley Madyan was taken. Information about revenue from MAPs, marketing, prices and quantities was collected through a structured questionnaire. The respondents were given training under Swiss Development Cooperation Project at the time of collection, harvesting, cleaning, dry...
Ahmed Fatima*
INCIDENCE OF POVERTY AND THE ROLE OF NON-FARM ACTIVITIES
...r for non-farm wage earners, farm wage earners, non-farm self-employed and the crop cultivators in the nine agro-climatic zones of rural Pakistan was also carried out. The relationship between incidence of poverty and non-farm activities is ambivalent with non-farm households being better off in regions that are less fertile. The incidence of poverty was highest amongst farm wage worke
Muhammad Nisar Khan*, Tariq Hassan*, Hassnain Shah*, Saleem Abid*, Irum Raza* and Saqib Shakeel Abbasi*
ASSESSMENT OF THE PROFESSIONAL TRAINING COURSE UNDER WATERSHED PROJECT AT FATEHJANG FIELD STATION, PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...ustify;"> Watershed Project organizing different professional trainings to create awareness about water saving technologies as solar powered irrigation system, drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, micro catchment, rooftop rainwater harvesting and irrigation scheduling. Therefore, the project activities also include the training of the professionals from the line departments for the demonstrated technologies to foster the process of adoption. For t...
Naheed Zahra*, Nadeem Akmal*, Sobia Naheed*, Nusrat Habib*, Sabeen Siddiqui* and Irum Raza*
TREND ANALYSIS OF RICE AREA AND YIELD IN PUNJAB
...the basis of minimum errors of accuracy measure quadratic model was selected. The estimated results revealed that there is an increasing trend in the area and yield of rice in Punjab. The area of rice was 276800 ha in 2012 and would be 2934280 ha in 2016. Likewise results about yield indicated that it was -1 -1 2438kg ha in 2012 and would be 2678kg ha in 2016. This increasing trend will provide a great opportunity for rice export from the country....
Syeda Nasreen*, Muhammad Ayub Khan*, Muhammad Arshad*, Maryam Kamal**, Doulat Baig *, M. Tariq*, Talat Gilani* and Musarrat Gilani*
COMBINING ABILITY STUDIES FOR SEED YIELD TRAITS IN SUNFLOWER
...red lines and six restorers/testers were selected on the basis of variability for yield related characters. The lines and tester restorers were crossed in a line x tester mating design resulting in 36 F hybrids. The potential parents with high general 1 combining ability (GCA) effects were identified for yield related traits. Among
femal...
Imdad Ali Mahmood*, Arshad Ali**, Armghan Shahzad**, Muhammad Asif Masud Ghumman***, Muhammad Arshad Ullah**, Tariq Sultan** and Badar-u-Zaman**
CROP RESIDUES AND PHOSPHORUS EFFECT ON YIELD AND ECONOMICS OF DIRECT SEEDED RICE AND WHEAT GROWN UNDER SALINE-SODIC SOIL
...t for two consecutive years at Soil Salinity Research Institute (SSRI) Farm, Pindi Bhattian, Pakistan to investigate the yield and economics of direct seeded rice and wheat under crop residue incorporation and phosphorus applications. Split plot design (crop residue in main plots and P application in sub plots) was followed with three replications. Biomass yields were collected at maturity of each crop. Maximum straw and grain -1 yields of both crops were harv...
Sohaib Arshad*, Sarwat Naz Mirza*, Imtiaz Ahmad Qamar** and Maqbool Shahbaz**
DETERMINATION OF FORAGE QUALITY OF INDIGENOUS AND EXOTIC RHODES GRASS ACCESSIONS UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
...uality and yield parameters. Three varieties were imported from Australia and Zimbabwe namely Sabre, Tolgar (Australian) and Katambora (Zimbabwean). Dry matter yield and crude protein content of these grass varieties were analysed at three growth stages namely vegetative, flow-ering and maturity. These grasses have shown significant differences in fresh and dry matter -1 yield. Fresh matter yield ranged from 6.17 to 6.68t ha at pre- -1 -1 flowering, 9.67 to 11...
Salar Khan Yousafzai*, Shah Masaud Khan*, Khalil ur Rehman**, Junaid Khan*, Sher Aslam Khan*, Ijaz Hussain* and Ishrat Naz***
RESPONSE OF TOMATO CULTIVARS TO DIFFERENT ORGANIC FERTILIZERS UNDER AGRO-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF MINGORA, SWAT
...fferent organic fertilizers of tomato cultivars under the agro-climatic conditions of Mingora, Swat. The experiment was conducted in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements having four treatments with three replications. Almost all the traits showed significant differences for organic fertilizers and varieties, while their interactions had a varied response. The analy...
Hafiz Saqib Habib*, Arshad Mahmood Malik*, Abid Ali** and Muhammad Aamir Khan***
SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS OF RURAL HOUSEHOLD FOOD EXPENDITURES IN RAWALPINDI
...n devoted to the parameters of household food expenditures. Present study aimed to analyze the socioeconomic factors effecting total food expenditures of households in rural area of Rawalpindi tehsil. Respondents were selected randomly and data were collected through questionnaire. A multiple double log regression model was used because it has an advantage that estimated parameter can easily be explained as expendi-tures ela...
Muhammad Qasim*, Khuda Bakhsh**, Sultan Ali Tariq*, Mahmood Nasir***, Rashed Saeed**** and Muhammad Ather Mahmood****
FACTORS AFFECTING GROUNDNUT YIELD IN POTHWAR REGION OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...designed to explore factors affecting productivity of groundnut along with its profitability analysis. The sample farms were classified into small, medium and large farms. Farm-level crop data were gathered during two cropping seasons i.e., rabi 2008-09 and kharif 2009. One hundred and forty groundnut producers were selected for collecting data using the well-structured questionnaire from two important districts recognised f...
Khalid Mahmood Aujla* and Abid Hussain*
MARKETING SYSTEM OF LIVE CAMELS IN THE DESERT ECOLOGIES OF PAKISTAN
...ive animals where suppliers and buyers can make transactions. This study was designed to investigate the existing marketing system of live camels in the desert ecologies of Pakistan. Out of 220 camel farmers that were randomly interviewed for the study, during past one year sale of live camels was reported by more than half of the camel farmers. On an av...
Sumia Bint Zaman*, Waqas Farooq*, Sidra Majeed*, Hasnain Shah*, and Abdul Majid**
ASSESSMENT OF AGRICULTURE SERVICE PROVIDERS' TRAINING ON WATER CONSERVATION TECHNOLOGIES IN POTHWAR REGION
... in the USDA funded 'Watershed Rehabilitation' project being implemented in collaboration with ICARDA and other NARS partners. The prime objective of these training programmes was to impart training based skills on water conservation technologies. To help in improving the effectiveness, the socioeconomic backup for assessment of these trainings was inclu...
Muhammad Farrukh Saleem*, Munir Ahmad*, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum*, Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza** and Abdul Shakoor*
EFFECT OF TOPPING UNDER DIFFERENT NITROGEN LEVELS ON EARLINESS AND YIELD OF COTTON
...d of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) was conducted at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, during kharif -1 2013. The crop was sown on ridges on May 24, 2013 using seed rate of 20 kg ha . The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with factorial arrangement having three replications. Treatments included four topping levels: control (no topping), topping at 90 cm, 120 cm a...
Muhammad Tahir* and Nawal Zafar*
FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY PERFORMANCE OF RABI CEREALS SOWN ALONE AND IN BLENDED POPULATION AT VARIABLE SEED RATIOS
...e livestock. From this perspective, a field trial was conducted using seeds of three cereal crops wheat, oat and barley sown alone and blended together at different seed proportions (100%: 0%, 75% + 25%, 50% + 50% and 25% + 75%) at the Agronomic Research Area, Department of Agronomy, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, during 2013-14. The results showed that the crop mixtures and their variable seed ratios showed signific...
Muhammad Mansoor*, Noman Latif*, Zafar Islam**, Sher Muhammad**, Amanullah* and Muhammad Umair***
IMPACT ASSESSMENT OF SOIL AMENDMENTS ON SOIL CAPPING IN MUNGBEAN PRODUCTION USING CENTRAL PIVOT IRRIGATION SYSTEM IN CLAYEY SOILS
...ts depicted that parameters such as number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, pod length, number of grains per pod, 1000-grain weight, and grain yield were significantly affected by different soil amendments at P>0.05, except for number of clusters per plant. -1 -1 Maximum of 6.2 branches plant , 62.6 pods plant , 8.3cm pod length, 8.9 grains -1 pod , and 43.3 g of 1000-grain were recorded in treatment where...
Muhammad Zahid Kiani*, Tariq Sultan**, Arshad Ali**, Ghulam Qadir*** Imdad Ali Mahmood**, Tauseef Tabassam**, Muhammad Arshad Ullah** and Nasir Abbas*
EFFECT OF PGPR STRAINS ON SUNFLOWER GROWTH AND NUTRIENT CONTENTS UNDER SALINITY STRESS
...ing plant growth under harsh environment. A pot trial was conducted to examine the performance of four isolated strains in five treatments viz., KS 44, KS 7, KS 41, KS 42 and KS mix under four different artificially developed -1 salinity levels (5, 8, 10 and 12 dS m ) at National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad. Hybrid seeds (SMH 0917) of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) were used. After six weeks of sowing, plants were harvested and data regarding roo...
Muneeb Zafar*, Tahir Mehmood**, Irfan Ahmad Baig**, Abdul Saboor** Mazher Abbas***, Shumaila Sadiq** and Khalid Mahmood****
ANALYTICAL DIAGNOSTICS OF NON-OPTIMAL USE OF PESTICIDES AND HEALTH HAZARDS FOR VEGETABLE PICKERS
...h cost of vegetable pickers. The purpose of this study is to estimate the excessive use of pesticides and economic cost of health hazards for the vegetable pickers in district Vehari. Data from 90 respondents were collected and analyzed. The most common health problems identified during the survey were headache, eye irritation, skin infection, cough and shortness of breath. Health cost consists of costs related to precaution...
Abdul Hameed Solangi*, Fateh Khan Nizamani*, Aqeel Ahmed Siddiqui*, Muzaffar Ali Khan**, Parwaiz Ahmed Baloch*, Riazuddin* and Khalil Ahmed Solangi***
FIELD COMPARISON AND MORPHOLOGICAL CHARACTERS OF GUAR (CYAMOPSIS TETRAGONOLOBA L. TAUB.) GENOTYPES UNDER AGROCLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF KARACHI, PAKISTAN
... to other accession numbers. The pods width was high in Acc.No.8 as compared to other accessions. Whereas, Acc. No. 5, 9, 10 and Acc. No. 11 were high as compared to 1- 4, 6, 7 and 12 genotypes. The results indicated that the number of seeds per pods was high in Acc. No. 1, 2 and 4 as compared to rest of the accessions/ genotypes.100-seed weight was high in Acc. No. 4 as compared to rest accessions/ genotypes. The significant differences were observed among al...
Waqar Akhtar*, Muhammad Sharif**, Abdul Hayee Qureshi*, Khalid Mahmood Aujla*** and Muhammad Azeem Khan*
COMPETITIVENESS OF TOMATO PRODUCTION IN PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...rotection to tomato farmers in the study area. Net effect of policy or market failure is reducing the profitability of tomato producers at farm level which indicates lack of motivation from policies for farmers to expand tomato production as import substitute crop. Present study recommended competitiveness and economic efficiency analysis in other tomato producing regions of the country fo...
Ghulam Sadiq Afridi*, Abdul Saboor**, Zahoor-ul-Haq***, Sultan Ali
Tariq**** and Muhammad Ishaq*****
EXPLORING POTENTIAL AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR PAKISTAN'S COTTON EXPORT
...e experts and policy makers to explore the answer of lackness for diversification in export, HS-2- digits aggregated data for cotton sub-sectors have been used with latest data from 2004 to 2013 for the panel of 39 countries. Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) index and gravity model approach was employed considering country and time specific fixed effect. The RCA index revealed that cot...
Sidra Majeed*, Mubbashira Nazir*, Sumia Bint Zaman * and Waqas Farooq*
POTENTIAL OF SUGAR BEET PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN: A REVIEW
...r but sugarcane mill owners are reluctant to encourage sugar beet cultivation due to some technical barrier. Beet growing experiment at different sites of Punjab, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) and Sindh have revealed encouraging results....
Nisar Ahmed Soomro*, Abdul Fatah Soomro**, Hamz Ali Samo* and
Muhammad Siddique Depar***
GROWTH AND YIELD COMPARISONS OF FOUR COMMERCIAL WHEAT VARIETIES TO IRRIGATION FREQUENCIES
...plant height, 10.88 tillers plant , 266.74 tillers m , 59.41 grains spike , 60.50 g 1000-seed weight and 5862.25 kg grain yield ha . The crop irrigated four times, showed bit adverse effects on growth and yield traits over 5 irrigations with 84.77% germination, 79.16 cm plant height, 10.07 tillers plant , 254.91 tillers
Abdul Razaq*, Muhammad Jamal Khan*, Tahir Sarwar* and Mohammad Jamal Khan**
EFFECT OF DEFICIT IRRIGATION, SOWING METHODS AND MULCHING ON WHEAT YIELD AND NITROGEN UPTAKE
...esearch farm of the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2011-12. In the study three factors were studied i.e., sowing methods, mulching and deficit irrigation with four levels viz: full irrigation (DI ), 20% deficit irrigation (DI ), 40% deficit irrigation (DI ) and 60% deficit irrigation (DI ). Soil moisture was continuously monitored and full irrigation was determined on the basis of 50% Management Allowed Deficit (...
Muhammad Nisar Khan*, Hassnain Shah*, Saqib Shakeel Abbasi and Abid Hussain*
FARMERS PERCEPTION TOWARDS THE APPLICATION OF BIOZOTE IN SELECTED DEMONSTRATED RICE FIELDS AT HAFIZABAD AND SHEIKHUPURA DISTRICTS
...: justify;">Bio-fertilizers, besides their role in soil health improvement are also considered environment friendly and a cheap substitute for fertilizer. Biozote application in rice crop was demonstrated at farmers' fields in Hafizabad and Sheikhupura districts under the project “Improving Soil Fertility and Soil Health in Pakistan”. The present paper aimed to assess the performance of biozote on rice and is bas...
Shahid Iqbal Khattak*, Muhammad Amjad Nadim**, Mohammad Safdar Baloch**, Kashif Waseem** and Muhammad Sohail***
IMPACT OF VARIABLE SEEDING DATES ON CEREALS' PERFORMANCE UNDER AGRO-ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS OF DERA ISMAIL KHAN
...udied through a two factors field experiment under split-plot arrangements at Agricultural Research Institute, D.I.Khan during 2012-13. Four cereals (wheat, triticale, barley, oat) were assigned to main plots while six different sowing dates (October 15, November 1 & 15, December 1 & 15 and January 1) were kept in subplot. The experiment was replicated four times with a sub-plot size of 5 m × 1.8 m (9 m ). Sowing of barley took minimum time to 50...
Abdul Haq*, Anjum Shehzad**, Muhammad Ilyas**, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi**, Abdul Rauf Bhatti** and Mian Inayatullah*
DIVERSITY AND RELATIVE ABUNDANCE OF CITRUS POLLINATORS IN DISTRICT HARIPUR, PAKISTAN
...of adult citrus pollinators collected from district Haripur represented four orders of insects i.e., Diptera with 16 species, Hymenoptera with 14 species, Lepidoptera with 3 species and Coleoptera with 2 species. The calculated values of relative abundance showed that is most abundant species in ecosystem followed by sp. and . All calculated values of diversity indices except Shannon-H doe...
Inayat-Ur-Rahman*, Shamsher Ali**, Mukhtar Alam*, Mohammad Adnan*, Hidayat ullah*, Muhammad Faisal Anwar Malik*, Abdul Sattar Shah* Mohammad Ibrahim*
EFFECT OF SEED PRIMING ON GERMINATION PERFORMANCE AND YIELD OF OKRA ( L.)
... for 6, 12, 18 and 24 hours while dry seeds were used as control. Same primed seeds were used in the field experiment. Priming proved effective in improving percent germination and reducing the mean germination time (MGT) as compared to unprimed seeds. Priming agents, its osmotic potential and duration significantly affected germination percentage, which increased as osmotic potential lowered from 0 to -1.2 Mpa while further lowering osmotic potential to -1.6 ...
Dilawar Khan*, Abid Saeed*, Junaid Ahmad*, Imtiaz Qamar**, Fazal Yazdan**, Saleem ud Din** and Muhammad Tariq**
ASSESSMENT OF RIPARIAN VEGETATION IN DHRABI WATERSHED AND CHAKWAL REGION IN PAKISTAN
... use systems. Dhrabi watershed is one of the areas where, there is a high potential for forage and livestock production. The analysis includes assessment and role of this riparian vegetation which is very helpful for integrated watershed management in different watershed areas. Dhrabi watershed is a catchments area of Dhrabi reservoir and lies in distric...
Ishaq Ahmad*, Abdul Rehman**, Ehsan –Ul- Haq*** and Arif Mahmood****
RESISTANCE RESPONSE OF RICE ( L.) GERMPLASM AGAINST RICE LEAF FOLDER ( G.) UNDER GREENHOUSE CONDITION IN PAKISTAN
...e leaf folder often appears very suddenly resulting in huge yield losses. Host plant resistance is an important component of IPM. It is easy to use, viable, durable, effective and long term method as compared to any other control measure. It was imperative to exploit the sources of resistance to cope with threat the pest and its environmental friendly control. Present study was carried out in greenhouse of Plant Genetic Resources Institute (PGRI), NARC. Twenty...
Syed Waqar Shah* and Muhammad Ather Rafi*
PIERID (LEPIDOPTERA: PIERIDAE) PESTS AND THEIR NEW CRUCIFERS HOSTS IN POTHWAR REGION OF PAKISTAN
...es is reported for the first time however, is also a new record from districts Rawalpindi and Chakwal and from Jhelum, Rawalpindi and Chakwal. However, the non-cultivated host plants in the region were , , and . Among noncultivated hosts was the new host for . C. was found common host for , and from the study area. Among non-cultivated host plants was found for and for and . All the non-cultivated host plants were new records from Pakistan however, was new hos...
Saleem Abid*, Anum Fatima*, Sobia Naheed*, Asrar Sarwar** and Muhammad Nisar Khan*
DOUBLE EXPONENTIAL FORECASTING MODEL FOR DATES PRODUCTION IN PAKISTAN
...80- 81 to 2012-13 (32 years).Three accuracy measures were used for the selection of best fitted model. These accuracy measures are mean absolute percentage error (MAPE), mean absolute deviation (MAD) and mean squared deviation (MSD). Double exponential trend was located to be best fitted model among other five models (linear trend, quadratic trend , exponential growth , s-curve and moving average) for estimating predicted values of area and production of dates...
Hafiz Sultan Mahmood*, Tanveer Ahmad*, Zulfiqar Ali*, Munir Ahmad** and Nadeem Amjad***
FIELD EVALUATION OF A WHEAT STRAW CHOPPER
... in Pakistan for many years. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance of an improved version of wheat straw chopper in combine-harvested wheat fields of southern Punjab and to determine the economics of this machine. Five test plots ranging from 0.39 to 0.61 ha were selected to determine the performance of this machine. Results revealed that a 75 hp tractor was suitable for operating this machine. Average ...
Hina Fatima** and Bushra Yasmin**
EFFICIENCY AND PRODUCTIVITY ANALYSIS OF PAKISTAN'S FARM SECTOR: A META-ANALYSIS*
...ch question for researchers and agricultural organizations of Pakistan. Meta-analysis in present study provides the statistical efficiency analysis as well as statistical information regarding methodological, regional and crop specific influences on farm sector of Pakistan. The data rely on the published research papers on efficiency analysis of Pakistan's farm sector from 1971 to 2014. Three models separately estimated incl...
Basharat Hussain Shah*, F. S. Hamid*, Shams ul Islam*, Fayaz Ahmad*, Sohail Aslam*, and Noorullah Khan*
EVALUATION OF DIFFERENT PEA (PISUM SATIVUM L.) GENOTYPES FOR YIELD AND OTHER ATTRIBUTES AT SHINKIARI, MANSEHRA
... in different pea cultivars. For this purpose six advance lines/commercial pea varieties were collected from Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI) Faisalabad and one local variety was included in the experiment as a control. The experiment was conducted during 2014-15 at National Tea & High Value Crops Research Institute (NTHRI) Shinkiari, Mansehra. Altogether seven pea genotypes were laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three rep...
Ummad-ud-Din Umar*, Muhammad Aslam Khan**, *Ateeq-urRehman*, Abdul Hannan***, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi*, Azhar Ali Khan****, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar****
DEVELOPMENT AND VALIDATION OF POTATO LEAF ROLL VIRUS DISEASE PREDICTION MODEL BASED ON ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS FOR FAISALABAD, PAKISTAN
... and validated by two years data collected in Faisalabad, Pakistan. Maximum and minimum air temperatures, relative humidity and rainfall were employed as independent variables while PLRV disease incidence served as the response variable. Stepwise regression analysis was performed to select potentially useful predictor variables for model development. In stepwise regression analysis minimum temperature, relative humidity and rainfall emerged as the main contrib...
Muhammad Tahir* and Neelam Yasin*
EFFECT OF MICRONUTRIENTS FOLIAR APPLICATION ON YIELD AND QUALITY OF MAIZE
...omic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad . The treatments comprised of no micronutrient application (control), water spray and foliar application of micronutrients mixture @ 250, 500, 750, 1000, 1250 and 1500 ml ha at stem elongation stage of maize. All micronutrients treatments significantly improved plant height, cob length, number of grains rows cob , cob weight, 1000-grain weight, grain yield, biological yield, harvest index, grain protein...
Mehwish Kiran*, Muhammad Saleem Jilani*, Kashif Waseem*
and Muhammad Sohail**
EFFECT OF ORGANIC MANURES AND INORGANIC FERTILIZERS ON GROWTH AND YIELD OF RADISH ( L)
...s and inorganic fertilizers on the growth and yield of radish, at Horticulture Departmental experimental area, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal University, D.I. Khan. The experiment was laid out in RCD with seven treatments replicated thrice. The treatments included control, farm yard manure (FYM) @ 25 t ha , poultry manure (PM) @ 10 t ha , goat manure (GM) @ 15 t ha , press mud (PrM) @ 20 t ha , sewage sludge (SS) @ 20 t ha an...
Arshia Naeem*, Maria Anjum*, Mariam Rehman*, Zahid Mahmood** and Muhammad Asif Kamran**
AN INTEGRATED INFORMATION SYSTEM TO FACILITATE FARMERS IN WHEAT, SUGARCANE AND OTHER CROP DISEASES IDENTIFICATION
...ation to facilitate farmers to communicate their crop related issues directly to agriculture scientists is proposed. This 'AXPERT Platform' consists of web application that provides user centered interface to farmers and a desktop application that facilitates agricultural scientists to identify crop diseases. A case study was developed from Faisalabad region where information about crops, their soil conditions and associated...
Raza Ullah*, Mariam Rehman*, Maria Anjum*, Muhammad Asif
Kamran**, Khuda Bakhsh***, Abdul Saboor****
NAVIGATING FARMING RISKS BY SIMULTANEOUS DIVERSIFICATION AND CREDIT THROUGH FORMAL AND INFORMAL COMMUNICATION CHANNEL
...s to information on farmers' risk management adoption decisions keeping in view the potential correlation between these risk management adoption decisions. Bivariate and multinomial probit models are used to assess the impact of access to information on farmers' risk management adoption decisions using data collected from 330 randomly selected respondents from four districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. Bivari...
Ghazala Nawaz*, Muhammad Nawaz Malik**, Muhammad Hassan
Mushtaq***, Fraz Munir Ahmad****, Ali Abdullah Shah*****, Farooq
Iqbal******, Shinawar Waseem Ali*******, Zahida Fatima******** and
Amjad Khan*********
SURVEILLANCE OF BRUCELLOSIS IN LIVESTOCK IN RURAL COMMUNITIES OF PUNJAB, PAKISTAN
...nd close contact of farmers with their livestock in Pakistan. Where the socio-economic conditions of rural population does not allow test and slaughter policy, therefore, mass vaccination is recommended to control brucellosis through local government support....
Sadaf Javaria*, Muhammad Qasim Khan*, Kashif Waseem*, Muhammad Saleem Jilani*, Habib ur Rahman*, Muhammad Sohail Khan* and Muhammad Sohail**
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON IMPACT OF BIO AND ORGANOMINERAL FERTILIZES ON COMPOSITION AND SHELF LIFE OF TOMATO ( ) FRUIT.
...ifferent quality parameters including; physicochemical (vitamin C, lycopene, total soluble solids and pericarp thickness); sensory (fruit color, fruit flavor and fruit firmness) and shelf life. It was concluded that bio-fertilizer integrated with Farmyard Manure emerged as better nutrient source over other treatments. Benefits of bio fertilizer application were more in the presence of Farmyard Manure on quality of tomato in comparison with NPK. No work has bee...
Shafique Qadir Memon* , Nadeem Amjad** and Riaz Ahmed Dayo***
INVESTIGATION ENERGY AND ECONOMICS ANALYSIS OF MAIZE PRODUCATION
... in this study, fertilizers were evaluated on the basis of yield, input/output energy of maize crop. NPK had the maximum output energy gain as compared to cow manure and control treatment gave the lowest output energy. Cow manure used high energy as compared to NPK and control. The results further revealed that other NPK fertilizer treatments were affected by the high input costs thus maximum benefits were achieved. It is interesting to note that the NPK treat...
Nusrat Habib*
RELATIVE PROFITABILITY ANALYSIS OF SUNFLOWER IN DISTRICT SWABI AND MARDAN
...y a large number of farmers only by 1990's. Sunflower cultivation trend kept on increasing from the year 1990 to 1999. Since then a continuous decreasing trend in adoption of sunflower has been observed. The present research work was planned to estimate the relative cost effectiveness of sunflower with competing crops like sugarcane and tobacco to find out the major factors which caused the decreasing trend of sunflower in t...
Shakir Ullah*, Aish Muhammad*, Iqbal Hussian*, Hafeez-Ur-Rahman**, Muhammad Zeeshan Hyder***, Muhammad Din**** and Nizamud Din
MORPHOLOGICAL VARIATIONS IN APRICOT CULTIVARS GROWN IN GILGIT BALTISTAN PAKISTAN
...iv>
apricot cultivars (Marghulam, Shakarfo, Shakanda, Charmagzi, Shai
Pawand, Nili Pawand, Halman, Habi, Ali Shah Kakas, Astore 1, Narie and
Skardu Local) were evaluated for morphological UPOV (International Union
for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants) and the International Board for
Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR) characteristics. Three cultivars
(Cha...
Abdul Rehman Khan*, Muhammad Mahmood–Ul-Hassan**, Rizwan Ahmad** and Anjum Munir ***
ARSENIC III TOLERANCE POTENTIAL OF FUNGI ISOLATED FROM POLLUTED AND NON-POLLUTED SOILS OF PAKISTAN
...city. In present study, arsenic (As) tolerance of indigenous filamentous fungi was explored. Fungal strains were isolated from peri-urban soils of Multan and Gujranwala irrigated with untreated industrial or municipal effluent. Some fungal strains were also isolated from non-polluted soils of Islamabad area. Arsenic (III) tolerance potential of 18 fungal isolates was tested by growing them on Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) mediu...
Asif ullah Khan*, Faizan Ullah*, Sultan Mehmood*, Muhammad Irshad* and Farhat Ullah Khan**
ALLELOPATHIC EFFECTS OF JATROPHA CURCAS L. LEAF AQUEOUS EXTRACT ON EARLY SEEDLING GROWTH OF L. PARTHENIUM HYSTEROPHORUS
...as seed soaking for 8 hours prior to sowing. Phenolics compounds were found in aqueous extracts and were higher in 25% extract (52.72 mg gallic acid eq. / gm of extract). Higher concentration of the extract (25%) significantly decreased seed germination (%), seed germination index, shoot fresh weight, shoot dry weight, root length, root fresh weight, root dry weight, seedling relative water content and seed vigor index. It was inferred from findings of the pre...
Tassadduq Rasool*, Ali Zohaib*, Ehsanullah*, Riaz Ahmad*, Tasawer Abbas*, Tahira Tabassum*, Muhammad Ather Nadeem*, Mahmood-ul-Hassan*
FORAGE YIELD AND QUALITY IN PEARL MILLET-SESBANIA INTERCROPPING SYSTEM UNDER VARIOUS GEOMETRICAL PATTERNS
...omic Research Area, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. Sesbania intercropping reduced pearl millet growth. Nonetheless, least decrease in height (23%), leaf area (42%) and number of leaves (16%) of pearl millet was occurred by intercropping sesbania in 45 cm apart two-row strips of pearl millet, as compared to sole cropping of pearl millet. Total green forage yield (60%) was increased by sesbania intercropping over sole-cropping of pearl millet and the int...
Muhammad Nawaz*, Anwar Javaid Wahla*, Muhammad Saleem Kashif*, Masood Qadir Waqar**, Muhammad Anjum Ali*** and Asim Raza Chadhar****
EFFECTS OF EXOGENOUS NITROGEN LEVELS ON THE YIELD OF RICE GRAIN IN SHEIKHUPURA, PAKISTAN
...trogen levels for two coarse cultivars. The coarse rice cultivars are the non-basmati rice cultivars having no fragrance. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design in factorial arrangement. The experiment consisted of three nitrogen rates viz. 85, 170 and 255 kg ha , and two rice cultiva
Syed Haider Abbas*, Ayesha Tahir**, Muhammad Asim***, Muhammad Sohail* and Riaz-ud-Din*
PRODUCTIVITY AND PROFITABILITY OF WHEAT PAK-13 AT DIFFERENT SEEDING DENSITIES UNDER RAINFED CONDITIONS
...s (49.5), number of tillers/m (240), biological yield (7125 kg/ha), and grain yield (2660 kg/ha) were achieved at seeding density 100 kg/ha and was significantly different among various levels of seeding density. Again, the profitability analysis show the maximum gross margin (Rs. 98920/ha) and BCR (3.44) at 100 kg/ha seeding density level....
Sher Muhammad , Ijaz Ashraf*, Amir Khatam**, and Naima
Nawaz***
SOCIO-ECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS OF FARMERS AND THEIR PARTICIPATION IN ACTIVITIES OF MODEL FARM SERVICES CENTERS IN KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA, PAKISTAN
...Model Farm Services Centers (MFSCs) can be viewed as a new extension strategy introduced in all the 24 districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) to lead farming communities towards sustainable agriculture by putting emphasis on the delivery of demand-based services through their active involvement. This improved situation regarding availability of agricultural inputs and good decision making may result in active participation by farmers
Nasarullah*, Raiz uddin*, Fakhar Uddin* and Muhammad Jamal*
INTERPRETING WHEAT GENOTYPES FOR GRAIN YIELD UNDER DIFFERENT REGIMES OF KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...enotypes suitable to diverse agro-climatic conditions are needed. However, so for few varieties have been developed that can efficiently grow in different environments. This is one of the reasons for lower wheat production in the country. Current experiment was conducted to monitor stability of yield potential of 15 diverse wheat genotypes at Skardu-Gilgit-Baltistan (Northern and mountainous region of Pakistan) and Peshawar,...
Muhammad Sharif1*, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz2, Muhammad Ansar3, Ijaz Ahmad4 and Syed Abdul Sadiq5
Waqar Islam*
...with this situation, understanding plant disease triangle and disease epidemic forecasting is very important. So here we have briefly introduced plant disease epidemiology through highlighting its various types by giving important examples. We further have explained the plant disease triangle and disease forecasting systems via inclusion of various models being utilized worldwide.
...
Wazha Mugabe1,3,Gaolebale Segolame Mpapho1, John Kamau1, Wameotsile Mahabile2, Shalaulani James Nsoso1, Kealeboga Dipheko1 and Assar Ali Shah3,*
...ributes less to Botswana’s dairy sectors with a low annual production of 4 tonnes per year. The objectives of the study were to evaluate goat milk production practices and attributes of goat farmers in the Oodi agricultural region, Botswana. Ninety-one farmers were purposively selected based on milk production potential from a list of 170 farm...
Dildar Hussain Kalhoro1,2,, Shan Liang1, Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro2, Shoaib Ahmed Pirzado2, Nasir Rajput2, Muhammad Naeem2, Fahmida Parveen2 andYongjie Liu1*
...anjing Agricultural University in 2014. One viral strain was isolated from SPF embryonated chicken eggs. Sequencing analysis of hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) genes showed 93 to 99% similarity between each other. The CIV isolates shared high similarity (above 98%) to the H3N2 viruses from dogs in China. On the comparison of gene sequence four unique mutations were found in the amino acid of HA (A144T, R158K, D291N, L383F) and NA (T19A, V33L, V82A, S...
Niamat Ullah Khan1*, Farkhanda Khan2, Muhammad Kashan3, Qadir Ullah4 and Abdur Rauf5
...ing nitrogenous fertilizers and optimizing the nitrogen (N) use efficiencies, lint yield and fiber quality in wheat-cotton system. Therefore, a field experiment was conducted during 2014, 2015 and 2016 at Cotton Research Station, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan to explore N management practices for ZT cotton grown into standing wheat straw. The trial was conducted in a randomized complete block (RCB) design with three replications. Results showed that cotton lint y...
Youbao Zhong1, Xianlai Zhang1, Xiaofen Hu1 and Yong Li1, 2,*
...eristics of the hedgehog’s small intestine. This study was conducted to investigate the microstructure of the hedgehog’s small intestine and mast cell distribution by conventional HE and modified toluidine blue staining, respectively. Despite its similarity to the general mammal small intestine microstructure, the present results indicated that the hedgehog duodenum contained fewer Brunner&<...
Hina Zubair1, Saima Perveen2, Saeed Alam3, Akkad Rafiq4* and Sara Ejaz
...h socio-demographic factors at divisional headquarter hospital in a year time. A retrospective study was performed by analyzing one year records from family planning clinic at divisional headquarter hospital. At family planning centers, a total of 920 individuals attended the Reproductive Health Services from April 2015 to March 2016. Among them, 92% individual utilized temporary methods and only 8% utilized permanent method...
Anza Zahid*, Muhammad Ali Ayub, Mujtaba Saeed, Nasir Pasha, Abdul Jabbar Dar, Huzaifa Javed, Aimen Shakeel, Amna Nasir, Ana Akbar, Zainab Tarrar and Ayesha Humayun
...f therapy. Multiple factors influence compliance among diabetics and other chronic diseases and non-compliance results in avoidable consequences and complications. In order to determine the magnitude and factors of non-compliance to physicians’ advice in diabetics attending outpatients, a cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in outpatient diabetic clinics of Shaikh Zayed an...
Samina Ashraf1*, Ghulam Haider2 and Maimoona Ashraf3
...pret, and evaluate the personal narratives of women with disabilities about their experiences with violence and abuse. The phenomenology approach was used to study the phenomena. A number of 05 women with disabilities who had physical disability or sensory impairment (visual and hearing) were purposively selected as the participants of the study. The age of participants was between 25 to 40 years and they had past experience...
Selçuk Kaplan1,* and Sertaç Atalay2
...gion using specific primers and cleavage with the BfoI enzyme. Allele frequencies of A and B were found with 0.915 and 0.085 respectively. The genotype frequencies of IGF1 gene were 0.85 (AA), 0.13 (AB) and 0.02 (BB). The SNP in the exon 3 of the LEP gene was detected by amplification of the 494 bp region using specific primers and cleavage with the BcnI enzyme. The estimated frequencies of three genotyp...
Khalid Khan*1, Muhammad Abdul Kamal2, Saubia Ramazan3, Gulawar Khan4, Gulzar Ali5 and Sheharyar Ahmed6
...stock income of the farmers by 65%. Furthermore, the elasticity of agricultural credit is higher than the elasticity of family size and education level. The elasticity of the credit, family size and education level are 11%, 0.09 % and 0.05% respectively. Thus, this paper argue that if the policy makers give priority to livestock in agricultural credit and devise easy credit procedures for the small farme
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2 and Zafarullah Baloch3
...wledge level of the farmers for producing, processing and marketing of dates in Panjgur-Balochistan, Pakistan. Snowball sampling technique was used to select 90 respondents. The data revealed that average age of the farmers was 53.9 years with education from secondary to graduate level. The results of the study showed that many of the farmers on average ...
Mohammad Nazeer* and Safdar Hussain Shah
...he morphological parameters of each individual. The results showed differences in morphological traits of different goat breeds. The facial appearance of Surguli and Damani was predominantly convex, whereas straight shape facial outline was observed in most of Gaddi and Kaghani goat individuals. The ears of Damani and Surguli goat were mostly straight, whereas Kaghani and Gaddi had rounded edge ears<...
Muhammad Abu Bakar1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Arshad1, Rashid Mahmood2,* and Ziyad Abdul Qadir2
...ducted at apiary of University of Sargodha. The coordinates of apiary are 32º13´15.7ʺN, 72 º68´41.8ʺE. The apiary had 24 Langstroth standard colonies of Apis mellifera naturally infested with Varroa destructor. Ectoparasitic mite, V. destructor is considered the most important parasite of A. mellifera L. that badly affects the development and performance of bees. Main objective of our st...
Naimat Ullah Khan1,2, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Nisar Ahmad3, Ayesha Hassan1, Muhammad Kashif Prince1, Muhammad Luqman Sohail4,*, Mian Saeed Sarwar2, Hazrat Ali2, Tahir Usman2, Asadullah Khan2, Siffat Ullah Khan3 and Shahid Zaman5
...prevalence and risk factors responsible for the occurrence of Cryptosporidium in lambs and has been known to cause human infection. Three hundred and sixty fecal samples (n=360) were collected through convenient sampling from apparently healthy lambs and were examined using the modified Ziehl Neelsen acid fast staining. Prevalence was calculated along with different risk factors associated with the disease (month, age...
Martín Grassi
...y, by studying Aristotle’s natural philosophy, Thomas Aquinas’ theology, and Maturana and Varela’s biological theory of autopoiesis. Although self-sufficiency is quite revealing of what life is, I will argue that it does notdo justice to the relational essence of life, being my goal to open new perspectives on life by placing the...
David Beckwith Greene
.... He calls for a new understanding of preconscious matter such that genuine continuity between it and subjectivity may become intelligible. According to Monroe Beardsley, music presents modes of continuation. An analysis of modes of continuation in Haydn’s “The Creation” shows that the continuity within the humankind aria and between it and the preceding arias models what Nagel is seeking: Both a fre...
Jesse M. Smith
...servative Christian leadership in the United States over time through a case study of Mormonism. Using data drawn from their semi-annual General Conference and other church-produced documents from 1903 to the present, I examine how Mormon leaders have responded, through discourse, to secular forces over the course of more than a century. I accomplish thi...
Aitezaz Ahsan1*, Muhammad Usman1, Ihsan Ullah2, Aamer Bin Zahur3 and Adnan Rasheed Malik4
...se whose occurrence hampers the trade and consequently causes an enormous economic losses. It is a disease of sheep and goat, particularly in the regions of Africa, Middle East and Asia. Besides clinical signs and symptoms of PPR various diagnostic assays, both serological and molecular, have been developed and are applied for estimating the current status of the disease. This review article focuses on the development of different molecular diagnostic assays f...
Mahmoud M. Al-Azzazy1,2 and Saleh S. Alhewairini1,*
...ages of Aculops lycopersici. This includes its side effects on the associated predatory mite, Neosiulus cucumeris. Huwa-San TR50 is a formulation of hydrogen peroxide, stabilized by the addition of a small quantity of silver and is extensively used as a disinfectant. It was found to be very effective in killing A. lycopersici with no significant effect on N. cucumeris. Under greenhouse conditions,...
Zheng Quan Jiang1,2, Feng Shan Li3, Jiang Hong Ran1,*, Chen Hao Zhao1, Man Zhang1 and Hua Li4
...d size is useful for understanding the life history, evolution and adaptation of birds. A survey was conducted on nest size and the underlying regulatory factors of Black-necked Cranes from 25 March to 31 July in 2013 and 2014 at Ruoergai Internationally Important Wetland and its surrounding area, covering 83 nests. Four types of nests were found in the area, i.e., natural island nest, grass mound nest, dirt mound nes...
Yanxiao Meng1, Guihua Wang1, Dongmei Xiong1,*, Haixia Liu1, Xiaolin Liu1, Lixin Wang1 and Jianlu Zhang2
...ing Mountains, while others believed no division of the subspecies. Thus, 169 specimens of Brachymystax spp. were collected from three locations (Heihe River, Amur and Ussuri River) to identify the taxonomic status in terms of morphological variation among these species or subspecies. Results of geometric morphometric analysis indicated significantly morphological variation in body shape among three morphotypes based on 18 landmarks. Principal component...
Muhammad Zameer Kayani1,*, Tariq Mukhtar2 and Muhammad Arshad Hussain3
...uctions in these parameters at each inoculum density. The production of galls was found to be positively correlated with the inoculum densities and plant ages. However, rate of nematode build up decreased with an increase in inoculum density and appeared to be negatively correlated with inoculum densities and, on the contrary, was found to be positively correlated with plant ages. The results demonstrated that M. incognita has the potential to severely ...
Irfan Ullah, Shahid Ali*, Muhammad Fayaz and Abbas Ullah Jan
...ler farms in district Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data from 120 respondents was collected through multistage random sampling technique. Stochastic frontier cost function of Cobb- Douglas type was used for the estimation of allocative efficiency. The function was estimated using Maximum Likelihood estimation technique. Results revealed that the mean allocative efficiency of broiler farms was 0.84; implies that an average farm could have used 16% le...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,2,*, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza2, Muhammad Afzal2,Hafiz Salah-ud-Din2, Imtiaz Sarwar2, Muhammad Yahya2 and Khurram Shehzad3
... soil belowground biodiversity and play a significant role in soil biological functioning and sustained productivity. As these fauna readily respond to biotic and abiotic perturbations in soil profiles, different land-use systems have different community assemblages of macroinvertebrates. This study was conducted to determine the impact of different land-use types viz. natural (grassland, forest/silviculture, barren) and agricultural (lemon, guava, lych...
Fatmagün Aydin1,* and Fatma Burcu Harmantepe2
..., haematological parameters were evaluated on tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). For this experiment, 360 fish (11.81± 0.02 g) were used. Fish were divided into four equal groups in three replicates and were fed with diets containing 0, 0.25, 0.5 and 1 % of sage oil for 30 days. The results showed that the haematological parameters (total red blood cell count, hemoglobin concentration, hematocrit, mean corpuscula...
Nazia Qamar1, Sher Khan Panhwar1,* and Ralf Riedel2,*
... of Scomberoides commersonnianus and S. tol were obtained between July 2013 and June 2015 for stomach content analysis. Analysis of prey composition was done using permutational analysis of variance (permanova), with species, life stage (juvenile and adults), gender, and weather (rainy and dry season) as factors. Patterns of empty stomachs were investigated to estimate feeding intensity. Feeding intensity was e...
Alaeldein M. Abudabos*, Abdullah N. Al-Owaimer, Elsayed O.S. Hussein and Mutahar H. Ali
...a common practice. Broilers are more susceptible to heat stress as compared to other animals. The current experiment was conducted to examine the effect of commercial vitamin C supplement (VC100, 200 mg/kg), on performance of broilers. Two levels of environmental temperatures: normal (22°C) and high (32°C) and two levels of vitamin C in drinking water (with and without) were arranged in a factorial arrangement result...
Xiaopeng Tang1,3, Rong Xiang1, Sijia Chen1,3, Shufen Yang1,3, Hu Liu1,3, Rejun Fang1,3,* and Aike Li2,*
...) in white leghorn roosters. Firstly, CSM were fermented with Aspergillus niger, or hydrolyzed with alcalase and flavourzyme. Secondly, a total of 32 white leghorn roosters with similar body weight (1.95± 0.14 kg) were randomly assigned into 1 of 4 treatments, 1) starvation group, 2) untreated CSM group, 3) FCSM group, and 4) EHCSM group to determinate the Apparent metab...
Zhiping Hu, Hussain Ahmad, Jingfei Zhang, Lili Zhang and Tian Wang*
...div>A total of 360 broilers were fed with basal diets (CON group), basal diets supplemented with 10 or 50 mg/kg natamycin (T1 or T2 group) for 42d, respectively. The results showed that alkaline phosphatase in T2 group was significantly decreased at 21d, blood urea nitrogen and alanine aminotransferase were significantly increased compared to CON group at 42d in broilers. Serum globulin content (21d) and total protein conten...
Abdul Nabi Jatt1,*, Sarfraz Ali Tunio1, Shaista Bano Memon1, Abdul Sattar Qureshi2 and Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto2
...nzymes as virulence factors to cause diseases. The aim of the present study was to evaluate enzymatic activities of the bacterial strain Shigella dysenteriae IM using API-ZYM test system. Out of nineteen different enzymes, S. dysenteriae IM strain was capable to poroduce nine enzymes, i.e., alkaline-phosphatase, acidic-phosphatase, lipase, valine arylamidase, cystine arylamidase, napthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, β-galactosidase, leucin...
Ali Murad Rahoo1,*, Tariq Mukhtar2, Ali Murad Jakhar3, Rehana Kanwal Rahoo3
... T. molitor cadavers was compared in relation to the dosage of infective juveniles (IJ) applied and exposure periods. Significantly (P< 0.001) greater numbers of nematodes (predominantly IJ) were recovered from the cadavers of T. molitor that had been inoculated with S. feltiae than H. bacteriophora. The inoculum dose also had an influence on the numbe
Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska1,*, Magdalena Skibicka1, Barbara Cioch-Szklarz1, Jolanta Karakulska2, Karol Fijałkowski2 and Sonia Hiller3
...asis of selected parameters of growth in different housing systems with regard to the assessment of microbial flora taken from the nasal cavity of animals. The study was performed on 28 calves of Polish Holstein-Friesian Black-and-White variety (PHF HO). The average weight of calves at the age of three months differed depending on the housing system. Individuals in igloo type booths were heavier as compared to the traditionally reared calves. The differences r...
Grace C. Onyishi, Ifeanyi Oscar N. Aguzie, Christopher D. Nwani*, R.N.N. Obiezue and I.C. Okoye
... Shanahan Hospital, University of Nigeria Medical Centre and Sadiq Hospital were examined for malaria prevalence and intensity from January to July 2015. Indoor biting Anopheles mosquitoes were collected by standard procedures within the study duration. Meteorological data on relative humidity and temperature was obtained from Centre for Basic Space Science, Nsukka, Enugu State. Overall recorded malaria prevalence at the hospitals from January to July w...
Wei Dang1, Ning Xu1, Wen Zhang1, Jing Gao2, Handong Fan1 and Hongliang Lu 1,*
...thermal adaptation. At first, we collected three lizard species of the genus Takydromus from different geographical locations. We found that either the constitutive expression pattern in different organs or the inducible expression pattern under higher ambient temperature were the same. The expression of Hsp70 was higher in the muscles. In liver, Hsp70 expression significantly increased after 38°C heat shock. We then collected other three lizard spe...
Muhammad Umair Sattar1, Aysha Sameen1,*, Nuzhat Huma1 and Muhammad Shahid2
... physicochemical parameters, functional attributes, texture (hardness), appearance (L* value) and proteolysis by RP-HPLC. Use of guar gum as fat mimetic and cheese milk homogenization significantly (p<0.01) affected the composition, functionality, texture and appearance of LFMCs. LFMCs functionality and texture also improved during ripening but appearance was negatively affected. Reverse phase HPLC results indicate...
Nasir Abbas1, Muhammad Suleman1, Nazir Ahmad Khan2,*, Ijaz Ali3, Mubashir Rauf1,5 and Sadeeq ur Rahman4,*
...ositive on modified fray’s media indicating typical mycoplasma like colonies with appearance of fried egg or nipple like characteristic of 0.1 to 1 mm in diameter with a dense raised center in the middle. Interestingly, culture positivity for broiler samples was found higher (36.8%) as compared to breeders (33.5%) and layers (29.5%), respectively. Overall, of the cultured samples, 71...
Grace Chinenye Onyishi, Ifeanyi Oscar Aguzie, Joseph O. Okoro, Christopher Didigwu Nwani*, Ngozi Ezenwaji, Ndubisi Stanley Oluah and Fabian C. Okafor
...sh; 11.00 [95% CI]). Diversity of parasite species in the snails assessed using diversity indices accorded A. balteata highest values for Shannon-Wiener (1.03) and Brillouin (0.90) indices with the 3 species harboured being very abundant (Reciprocal Simpson index = 2.80). A thorough understanding of the snails helminthes parasite life cycles, associated host morbidity, and direct an...
Shireen Ihsan Izzaddeen1 and Ali Kaygısız2,*
...rmance and blood parameters of Holstein calves. The study was started with total of 24 calves, randomly categorized into two groups of 12 (6 males and 6 females) however, it was completed with 23 calves because of dying a female at the 8th week of the trial. Addition of Laurel essential oil into whole milk did not cause any significant change in weekly live weight gain (kg), total weaning live weight gain (kg), weekly chest girth measurements (cm), ...
Amjad Ali1, Rajan Shrestha2, Ghaffar Ali1, Irfan Ullah1 and Salman Khan1
...d from 76 sugarcane growers through a well-designed interview schedule. Debartin formula was used to calculate net return, while a Cobb-Douglas type production function (double log form) was employed to estimate sugarcane yield and its determinants in study area. The results revealed that per acre net return after subtracting total cost from gross revenue was Rs. 33,173.65/-. Results illustrate that labor days, seed quantity, tractor hou...
Amjad Ali1, Rajan Shrestha2, Ghaffar Ali1, Irfan Ullah1 and Salman Khan1
...d from 76 sugarcane growers through a well-designed interview schedule. Debartin formula was used to calculate net return, while a Cobb-Douglas type production function (double log form) was employed to estimate sugarcane yield and its determinants in study area. The results revealed that per acre net return after subtracting total cost from gross revenue was Rs. 33,173.65/-. Results illustrate that labor days, seed quantity, tractor hou...
Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Abdul Malik2*, Muhammad Shahzad Khattak2, Naveedullah1, Naeem Ijaz3 and Ishaq Ahmad4
...he water quality parameters and to find the effect of small dams on recharge of ground water aquifer. Water table depths data from the ground surface, discharge of the wells, water quality parameters such as Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) and Electrical Conductivity (ECw) were determined. Suitability of groundwater for irrigation purposes was evaluated following various classification schemes. The results show that in most pa...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khuram Sharjeel1, Raheel Babar2, Muhammad Junaid1, Qamar Iqbal3, Rabia Rasheed1 and Nosheen Fatima1
...igned to extension officers and top-down dimension of planning of implementation of extension approaches were main weaknesses. The steps like effective evaluation of extension system, use of democratic nature extension approaches, and training facilities to EFS could improve working efficiency of Extension Field Staff and extension approaches thereby. ...
Abid Hussain1,*, Mansur-ud-Din Ahmad2, Muhammad Hussan Mushtaq2, Mamoona Chaudhry2, Muhammad Sarwar Khan2, Michael Reichel3, Tanveer Hussain4, Amjad Khan2, MuhammadNisar2 and Imtiaz Ahmad Khan5
...d 16.20% (673/4144 quarters from 1036 animals). The district wise prevalence of mastitis at quarter level was recorded 18.17% (449/2392 quarters) in a district Lahore while, it was 12.87% (224/1752 quarters) in district Bhimber. The overall prevalence of mastitis on the basis of herds size was 41/102 (40.2%), 186/400 (46.5%) and 281/534 (52.6%) in small, medium and large herds, respectivel...
Sana Zahra
...s widespread lineage diversity and mutational specificity of a population. This study reports p.Y556C mutation as a recurring mutation in Punjabi population of Pakistan. A detailed genetic evaluation of four unrelated but ethnically similar families from Punjab province was performed.Linkage to SLC26A4 locus was confirmed through linkage analysis using Short Tandem Repeat Markers (D7S2420, D7S2459 and D7S2456). p.Y556...
Chuanpeng Zhou1, Heizhao Lin2,*, Zhong Huang2, Jun Wang1, Yun Wang1 and Wei Yu2
Yan Li1, Kai Zhan1,*, Junying Li1, Wei Liu1, Ruiyu Ma1, Shengnan Liu1, Tao Han2, Shaoquan Li2, Shaolin Wang2 and Yang Hu2
...tridge hens and 40 roosters were randomly divided into two equal groups. For NM, 4 mating cages were maintained each with 5 roosters and 45 laying hens. The other birds were reared in 3-layer complete ladder cages for AI, for which 180 hens were maintained in 60 cages with 3 hens/cage and 20 roosters in 20 cages. Laying performances, mortality, egg quality characteristics and welfare level...
Lili Zhang, Yuanxiao Wang, Yili Kong, Hussain Ahmad, Rui Yan, Li Dong, Jingfei Zhang and Tian Wang*
...groups. Longissimus dorsi muscle samples were collected from four selected pigs at 160 days of age. Body weight, ADG and ADFI were decreased significantly by IUGR from birth to 160 days of age (P<0.05). At 28 and 160 days of age, the serum urea nitrogen levels of the IUGR pigs were significantly higher than the NBW pigs (P<0.05). The serum insulin levels of the IUGR pigs were significantly lower (P<0.05) than the NBW pigs at 28 and 66 days of a...
Sabah Mansoor1, Muhammad Tayyab1,*, Amna Jawad1, Bushra Munir2, Sehrish Firyal1, Ali Raza Awan1, Naeem Rashid3 and Muhammad Wasim1
...oduction of reducing sugars from cloth-starch makes AMYSBS a suitable candidate to be used in Textile industry.
...
Kaori Sasaoka1, Takahiro Kataoka1, Norie Kanzaki1, Yusuke Kobashi1, Akihiro Sakoda2, Yuu Ishimori2 and Kiyonori Yamaoka1,*
... for treating solid cancers; however, it induces nephrotoxicity caused by oxidative stress. Here, we investigated whether radon inhalation has different effects against CDDP-induced renal injury in two mouse strains differing in radiosensitivity, and determined the appropriate dose of CDDP combined with radon inhalation for highly radiosensitive mice. CDDP was administered at 20 mg/kg weight to C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice after radon inhalation at 1000 Bq/m3...
Mubashar Hussain, Muhammad Faheem Malik, Sehreen Siddique, Muhammad Umar, Tamkeen Zainab, Fatima Zafar
...der to assess the biodiversity and distribution of coccinellid beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae), sampleswere collected from rainfed and irrigated fields of Gujrat, Punjab, Pakistan during 2015-2016. Adult specimens were collected fortnightly from crops, weeds and shrubs from randomly selected locations i.e. Dolat Nagar, Lala Musa, Jalalpur Jatan, Guliyana, Fateh Pur and Kunjah. Analysis of specimens indicated a representation of 14 species, 6 genera and 3 s...
Fouzia Tabssum1* and Syed Shahid Ali2
...ater treatment among others. The present investigation was undertaken to isolate pectinase-producing bacteria from local habitats. To enrich the diversity of isolated bacteria that produce pectinase, samples were collected from the soil, water, fruits and vegetables wastes. Initial screening of pectinase producing bacteria was carried out on pectin containing agar plates of pH 7 incubated at 37ºC. Among isolated thirty-...
Fouzia Tabssum1* and Syed Shahid Ali2
...ater treatment among others. The present investigation was undertaken to isolate pectinase-producing bacteria from local habitats. To enrich the diversity of isolated bacteria that produce pectinase, samples were collected from the soil, water, fruits and vegetables wastes. Initial screening of pectinase producing bacteria was carried out on pectin containing agar plates of pH 7 incubated at 37ºC. Among isolated thirty-...
Ikramullah Khan1,2*, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi2, Sohail Akhtar2, Ijaz Ali3 and Ghufran Ullah4
...he physiological parameters recorded were rectal temperature (RT), respiration rate (RR) and pulse rate (PR) whereas biochemical parameters determined from blood serum were glucose, cortisol and Heat shock protein-70 (HSP-70). Thermal stress increased all physiological parameterssignificantly (P < 0.001). Holstein Frisian manifested maximumincrease in RT, RR and PR (3.33, 209.50 and 59....
Muhammad Tariq Zahid1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2, Soumble Zulfiqar3, Khalid A. Al-Ghanim4 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori3,4*
...medium and modified Neff’s medium, respectively. T. farahensis exhibited significant copper storage ability removing 54.9 % copper from medium within 96 h of 30 µg/ml copper stress. The maximum uptake rate was observed within 30 min of copper administration in response to 5-100 µg Cu++/ml in the medium. Quantitative analysis showed that TfCuMT is a copper inducible gene, the basal transcriptional level of which increa...
Senol Celik1,*, Ecevit Eyduran2, Adile Tatliyer3, Koksal Karadas4, Mehmet Kazim Kara2 and Abdul Waheed5
.... Growth related parameters (A, B, k, and d) of the Janoscheck non-linear model were estimated as 43.000, 0.905, 0.124 and 0.950, respectively. To conclude, it could be suggested that the Janoscheck non-linear model might help breeders who aim to make precise decisions on optimum slaughtering time and to ensure suitable managerial conditions in DDP goat.
...
Ahmad Farooq1, Usman Waheed2,3, Hasan Abbas Zaheer2,3, Abdul Rauf4, Abida Arshad5, and Muhammad Arshad1,*
... Ali Bhutto Medical University, Islamabad and the Pakistan Thalassaemia Centre, Pakistan Baitul Mal, Islamabad, Pakistan. Data were obtained by clinical testing of 1,440 ß thalassaemia major patients visiting for blood transfusions at regular intervals. The confirmatory screening for HBV and HCV was performed through Chemiluminescent Immunoassay (CLIA). Of the total 1,440 patients studied, 930 (64.6%) were males and 510 (35.4%) were females. The patient ...
Tariq Mukhtar,1,* Abdul Jabbar1, Muhammad Usman Raja1 and Humayun Javed2
...n different wheat cultivars. The maximum incidence was recorded on cultivar Chakwal-50 followed by Faisalabad-2008 and Lasani-2008 whereas the minimum incidence was observed on cultivars Punjab-2011 and Millat-2011. No incidence of the nematode was recorded on Shafaq-2006 and Aas-2011 cultivars. As the nematode was found prevalent throughout Sargodha division with quite low incidence, ther...
Ehtisham Shakeel Khokhar*1, Amir Shakeel1, Muhammad Amir Maqbool1, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar2, Sumaira Zareen2, Syeda Sana Aamir4 and Muhammad Asadullah4
...nd fiber quality parameters. Six lines, viz., VH-259, IUB-222, CRS-456, AA-703, KZ-191, PB-39 and four testers PB-39, CIM-608, BH-163 and PB-900 were crossed in line × tester crossing fashion to develop 20 F1 hybrids. Analysis of variance displayed significant differences among parents and hybrids indicating the presence of genetic varia...
Zahida Parveen1, Safdar Sidra1*, Bushra Nisar Khan2
...ility of the animal keepers to provide enrichment including adequate space and food to animals for highest possible standards of welfare. At Unversity of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (UVAS), Ravi Campus, Pakistan, a total of eighteen peafowls are housed in different enclosures including Indian, Java green and white peafowls. Additionally, there are different cross breeds of Java and Indian peafowls in these houses. The pre...
Muhammad Zahid Latif1*, Rahila Nizami2, Intzar Hussain3
...teer is a term which refers to the provision of services by choice or free will of a person, organization or group of individuals with no financial gain in full awareness and appreciation (1). It is an international phenomenon in which the individuals provide their time and services free of cost to an organization for the benefit of others (...
Nazish Imran
...ay lead to mental disorders with lifelong consequences, undermines compliance with health regimens and reduces the capacity of societies to be safe and productive”.(2) More than half of all mental disorders have an onset in childhood and adolescence with suicide being the third leading cause of death among adolescents.(1), (3) Child...
Olaniyi Alaba Olopade1,*, Henry Eyina Dienye1, Bosede Jimba1, Nathanael Akinsafe Bamidele2, Iyabo Olusola Taiwo2
...ength and weight parameters indicated that the total length ranged from 12.4 cm to 29.8 cm with a mean value of 17.84±0.40 and the weight varied between 41g to 640g in subject collected from New Calabar River population. In Buguma Creek, the total length ranged from 10.9 cm to 23.5 cm with a mean value of 14.99 ± 0.26 and the weight was from 21g to 520g. The b value varied between 2.96, which were recorded for New Calabar River population, a...
Muhammad Suleman Bacha1*, Mohammad Nafees1 and Syed Adnan2
...er, food and energy sectors particularly in developing countries. The current study focused on farmer’s perception about climate change vulnerabilities, their adaptation measures and relationship with the changing climatic records in the district Swat (Pakistan). The data collected through household interviews and focus group discussions. Total 177 questionnaires administered to sample households and 9 FGDs (Focus Grou...
Riyadh S. Aljumaah*, Mohammed A. Alshaikh, Abdulrahman Jarelnabi, Mutassim M. Abdelrahman and Mansour F. Hussein
...ther potential risk factors and to assess the pathogenic effects and economic consequences of neosporosis in camels.
...
Nadia Mubarik1, Aqib Iqbal1*, Iqbal Munir1 and Muhammad Arif2
...n alleviation of the adverse effects of water stress on maize (CV. Azam). The experiment was conducted in completely randomized design (CRD) using pots in a glass house and comprised of 2 irrigations (irrigated and water stress) and three concentrations of CaCl2 (5, 10 and 15 mM CaCl2.2H2O) as foliar spray on maize seedlings 20 days after emergence (DAE). Water was sprayed as untreated control on maize seedlings 20 DAE. After foliar application, the plants wer...
Naimat Ullah1,3,*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Muhammad Avais1, Nisar Ahmad2, Sana Ullah3, Muhammad Shuaib Khan3, Khalid Mehmood5, Mumtaz Ali Khan1 and Ikramul Haq1
...n with various risk factors and host biomarkers concerned with the occurrence of theileriosis in sheep. Total 600 blood samples were taken each 200 from districts Bannu, Tank and Dera Ismail Khan of southern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan and screened through blood microscopy. The current study revealed an overall prevalence of ovine theileriosis as 27.5%, 13% and 19.5% in districts of Dera Ismail Khan, Tank and Bannu, respecti...
Song Jiang1,2, Fa-lin Zhou3, Jian-hua Huang1, Qi-bin Yang1, Li-shi Yang1 and Shi-gui Jiang1,*
...lopment, and energy conversion of Penaeus monodon broodstock. An experiment of 30 days was carried out on broodstock (average body length 28.4 ± 0.95 cm, average body weight 96.7±6.48 g) with (treatment) or without eyestalk ablation (control), cultivated under a water temperature of 27.0±1.5 °C, salinity of 30–32, pH of 8.0–8.3, and light intensity of 1000 lx. Results showed that food consumption and feeding intensit...
Muhammad Arshad,1* Sajjad Ahmad1, Muhammad Sufyan1, Zain-ul Abdin1 and Sumaira Maqsood2
... assess the wheat aphids’ diversity and their predators association with strip intercropping (brassica, alfalfa, berseem and garlic) and wheat monoculture. Results showed that the first aphid was seen in the last week of January while the predator population was first recorded ...
Farhan Ahmad1,*, Muhammad Waris Sanjrani1, Shah Nawaz Khuhro1, Asif Sajjad2, Abid Ali3, Rashad Rasool Khan3, Farooq Ahmed3 and Junhe Liu4,*
...>...
Jun-Ying Liu, He-He Liu*, Jie Kou, Yang-Mei Zhao, Ji-Wen Wang, Liang Li and Xiao-Hui Du
...duck liver, spleen and bursa of Fabricius were examined after a model for immune stress was implemented through LPS injection in Peking ducks. The results from this assay suggested that LPS injection significantly increased the concentration of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) in bursa of Fabricius (P<0.05), along with an increase in the concentrations of immunoglobulin-G (IgG) and interleukin-12 (IL-12)...
Syeda Madiha, Zehra Batool, Saiqa Tabassum, Laraib Liaquat, Sadia Sadir, Tahira Perveen and Saida Haider*
...motor behavioral parameters (pole test, Kondziela’s inverted screen test, inclined plane test, open field test, beam walking test and footprint test). Biochemical and neurochemical alterations were also monitored. Pre-treatment with curcumin reversed the motor impairments, biochemical and neurochemical alterations which were produced by rotenone. Furthermore, curcumin treatment resto...
Abdul Majid Ujjal2, Sharmin Akter1* and Suman Paul1
...ung animal (above 2-4 years) followed by Adults (15.10%) and calf (5.60%). Epidemic curves using the information of weekly occurrence of FMD showed consistent occurrence of this disease round the year with peaks during winter season. Similar analysis was also done for HS and like FMD, highest prevalence (16.14%) found in Jaintapur upazila. HS prevalence also found significantly higher in young buffalos (18.56%). HS prevalence was significantly higher in male (...
Hamza Khan1, Safdar Ali1, Ijaz Ahmad*2, Ihsanullah Khan3, Shujaat Hussain1, Bashir Ahmad Khan4 and Muhammad Suhaib5
...arding Agronomic parameters was collected on days to flower initiation, days to flower completion, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant, plant height, head diameter, days to maturity, 100 seed weight, number of seeds per head and seed yield per hectare. Quality parameters were consisted upon oil content (%), protein content (%) and Fatty acid profile. Results showed that SMH-1001 and SMH-1215 hybrids performed best for ...
Ligia Neves Scuarcialupi, Laila Andreia Rodrigues Beserra, Julia Rosas Hochheim, Rodrigo Martins Soares, Fabio Gregori*
...mples (5.15%) in 2 broilers, 1 laying hen and 2 breeders. Only one RVG sample (1.03%) was detected in laying hen, in coinfection with RVF. This data contributes to a better understanding of rotavirus distribution in Brazil.
...
Evolutionary Analysis and Phylodynamics of Avian Influenza Virus H5N1 between 2015 and 2016 in Egypt
Osama Elshazly1, AbdelSatar Arafa1, Mohammed A. Rohaim2, Ismaeil M. Reda2 and Hussein A. Hussein2*
...e 2.2.1 has recently diversified into two distinct genetic subclades (2.2.1.1 and 2.2.1.2) in Egypt. This study was conducted as part of routine surveillance activities in Egypt; 5202 cloacal and oropharyngeal swabs were collected from live/dead birds, including commercial and backyard flocks, in five different locations in Egypt between the years of 2015 and 2016. All samples were screened using virus isolation, as well as ...
Lotta Wahldén1, 3, Ulf Emanuelson1, Torsten Møller2 and Jonas Johansson Wensman1*
...er CDV vaccination and persisted up to 3.9 years. Most animals had high IgG antibody titers to CPV prior to vaccination and vaccination did not result in increased titers. A decline in CPV antibody titer with increasing age was observed regardless of immunization status. Our results suggest that vaccination of African wild dogs with a live attenuated dom...
Muhammad Suhaib1, Ijaz Ahmad2*, Masooma Munir3, Muhammad Bilal Iqbal4 , Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar5 and Safdar Ali6
...eping in view these factors a hydroponic experiment was conducted on wheat with two levels of salicylic acid (0.25 mM and 0.50 mM) under two salt levels (75 mM and 150 mM) to assess that whether the salicylic acid is helpful in coping the harmful effects of salinity on crop growth or not and if it has certain positive response then which level is more suitable for wheat crop growth along with the genotypic assessment of salt tolerance in wheat cultiva
Shagufta Andleeb*1, Fariha Zahid1, Noor-ul-Ain1, Yousra Nisar1, Chaman Ara2
...roups were obtained. Adverse histological changes appeared in the form of disrupted and malformed visceral organs, vertebral bone and spina bifida as compared to control. The findings of this study clearly indicate that permethrin is potentially toxic to developing chicks, especially the highest concentrations used in the study.
...
Waqas Ali1,*, Arshad Javid1, Syed Mohsin Bhukhari1, Ali Hussain1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Hira Rafique1
...cord data related to diversity, distribution and habitat preferences of amphibians and reptiles in any particular ecosystem. During past few years, a decline in amphibian and reptilian species attracted attention of the conservation biologists worldwide to monitor herpetofunal diversity for effective conservation planning and management. Different sampling techniques are applied during her...
Muhammad Umar1, Mubashar Hussain1,*, Ghulam Murtaza1, Farid Asif Shaheen2 , Fatima Zafar1
...from fresh water reservoirs of Pakistan and are mainly attributed to continued loss of wintering habitat, habitat modification, fragmentation, eutrophication, anthropogenic activities and illegal hunting. The adverse effects of habitat loss (Band tailed fish eagle, Black Stork and Water Pipit), pesticides (Gulls, Eagles, Terns, Ducks and Cormorants), eutrophication (Painted stork and Dalmatian pelican), Agrochemical Contamin...
Azhar Mehmood1,2,*, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem2, Muhammad Tahir2, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar3, Tasawer Abbas4, Ali Zohaib2, Hafiz Tassawar Abbas5
...rogen and boron fertilizers. Results revealed that boron/nitrogen synergetic effect additively increased yield and yield components in sunflower plant. The oil and protein contents of sunflower were significantly affected by varying levels of both nitrogen and boron and maximum oil contents were observed when boron was applied @ 2 kg ha-1 with 0 kg ha-1 of nitrogen whereas maximum protein contents were recorded when 2 kg ha-1 boron was applied in combination w...
Noor Fatima1, Muhammad Irfan2,*, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1
...y releasing reducing sugars of 0.74 mg/ml. This study ensures the effective usage of lignocellulosic biomass at large scale biofuel production.
...
Muhammad Iftikharul Husnain1, Aneel Salman1, Inayatullah Jan2*, Tahir Mahmood3
... coefficients. Policymakers should pay more attention to combat negative impacts of rising temperature. This will have an impact on the agriculture and hence on the livelihood of the mass population residing in South Asian countries. ...
Archana Naithani, Pongthep Suwanwaree* and Bartosz Nadolski
...campus of Suranaree University of Technology, Nakhon Ratchasima province, resulted in the identification of 94 bird species belonging to 12 orders and 35 families. Altogether 3,328 individuals were observed. Out of 35 Families, Sturnidae and Sylviidae hadthe highest number of species (5 species each).Six simple dietary guilds were observed during the present study; the maximum number of species belonged to insectivore group ...
Pei-Ying Peng1,2, Xian-Guo Guo1,2,* and Dao-Chao Jin2
...are many distinct transverse lines in the presternal area where the sternal shield is deeply concave. By these morphological features, the new species can be easily identified and differentiated from some other laelaps.
...
Nanjing Zeng1, Guanhua Liu1, Sibiao Wen1 and Feiyun Tu2,*
...investigate the bird diversity and avifauna of PLNNR, complete species checklist was strictly checked according to systematic analyses of species records from multisource. Fifty-seven species were newly recorded based on the previous study of 330 bird species. Six previously reported species were removed. We finally recorded 381 bird species, belonging to 18 orders 64 families, accounting for 27.8% of bird species in China; ...
Huma Ayub1,Iftikhar Ahmad2, Syed Lal Shah3,*, Muhammad Zafarullah Bhatti4, Nuzhat Shafi5 and Mazhar Qayyum1
...a and cladocera. The diversity of the zooplankton species in the lake was determined by richness and evenness indices, which were found as follows; Margalef Index 1.30 to 3.87, Shannon’s Index 2.54 to 3.68, Simpson Index 0.92 to 0.97, Simpson’s Reciprocal Index 12.25 to 37.69 and Pielou’s Evenness Index 0.94 to 1.0. The zooplankton comm...
Jehangir Khan1,*, Rasheedullah1, Bakht Tarin Khan2, Ayaz Ahmad3, Muhammad Salman4 and Khalid Khan5
...l hepatitis. It is the first study documenting the epidemiology of HCV in District Shangla, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). Blood samples from 900 individuals of various age groups were collected (August to November 2013) from patients at clinics, houses and pharmacies belonging to three Tehsils (Puran, Alpuri and Besham) of district Shangla. The Immuno-chromatographic (ICT) and enzyme linked Immunosorbant Assay (ELISA) techniques were applied for the presence of an...
Hamayun Khan1,*, Abdul Wahab1, Navaid Kazi2, Younas Muhammad1,Summaya Kazi3, Salman Kazi4, Azmatullah Khan1, Ikramullah Khan5 and Shakoor Ahmad1
... assess biochemical markers of rabbit amniotic fluid during fetal growth stage of successful pregnancy. Experiments were executed on 15 pregnant rabbits at three different time point of successful pregnancy i.e. day 18, day 25 and day 28 with commercially accessible kits for biochemical markers that includes glucose, total protein, albumin, creatinine, triglycerides, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), alanine transaminase (AL...
Najeeb Ullah1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Niamat Ullah Khan2*, Muhammad Safdar Baloch1 and Ejaz Ahmad Khan1
... a life line of Pakistan’s economy. Drought stress is the major ecological factor that negatively impacts cotton yield and quality. A field experiment was conducted in 2016 at Cotton Research Station, Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan to evaluate the effects of four moisture regimes on yield and fiber characteristics of two cotton genotypes. The experiment was laid out in split-plot within a randomized complete block design with three replications. Four irrigat...
Nihal Ahmad Hadi, Shahid Ali* and Umer Wahid
...ta from 150 broiler farmers. A well-structured interview schedule was used with both close and open-ended questions. Data from broiler farmers were collected during April and May 2016. Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) technique was used for estimation of stochastic frontier Cobb-Douglas type production function. Results indicated the mean technical efficiency of 0.89 with the range of 0.63 to 0.97. This implies that farme...
Shahid Ali1* and Salamat Ali2
...ed respondents. 120 farmers, 60 farmers of open shed and 60 farmers of EC shed were interviewed during 2014. Dummy variable regression was applied for estimation and comparison of costs and revenues of open shed and EC shed broiler farms. Results revealed that there was statistically significant difference between the cost of production and net revenue of open shed and EC shed farms. Cost ...
Liumeng Zheng1, Yanmei Wang1, Jiagui Zhu2, Ke Wang2, Dejing Cai2, Yuanzhao Qin3, Yuming Guo3, Hongxing Niu1,* and Yanzhen Bu1,*
...where crested ibis was first reintroduced. The aim of this study was to detect suitable habitat areas, and evaluate the factors affecting the distribution of the crested ibis. We used a maximum entropy model with seven environmental variables to evaluate habitat suitability. Our results indicate that the current reserve may be too small to meet the crested ibises’ needs in the future...
Nadia Faqir1, Aish Muhammad2*, Ghulam Muhammad Ali2, Armghan Shehzad2, Hafeez Ur Rahman3, Farhatullah4 and Muhammad Zeeshan Hyder5
...y seven date palm cultivars (Dhaki, Aseel, Halawi, Qantar, Hamin wali, Kupra and Shakri) grown in Pakistan were characterized on the basis of seventeen morphological traits, five parameter of proximate composition of date fruit and sequence analysis of two genes (maturase k and geranyl geranyl biphosphate reductase) from chloroplast region. Analysis of variance has revealed significant variation among the studied date palm samples pertaining to the studied phy...
Murad Khan1* and Muhammad Afzal2
...fit of the sole proprietors and partnerships. Further results of analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that at 5% significance level, there was statistically significant difference among different sizes of poultry farms as whole. The highest net benefits were reported from the large scale poultry farms followed by medium and small firms. The results of the multiple regression model for profit shows that profit of a poultry f...
Leila A. Kaimbayeva1,*, Elena S. Malysheva2, Rashit Kazikhanov3 and Saule R. Kazikhanova4
...esigned to evaluate markers of autolysis and to effectively assess the optimal maturity of red deer meat before trading, and utilization in the production of meat products. For these purposes, meat samples were collected from quadriceps of 2.5-4 years old female red deer, immediately processed for isolation of muscular fibers and were evaluated for the pH, water-binding power, activities o...
Amna Kausar1,2, Sana Anwar1, Naila Siddique2, Safia Ahmed1 and Javid Iqbal Dasti1,*
...ted birds inhabiting diverse ecological zones of Pakistan. Altogether, 507 tissue and swab samples were screened for the presence of viral RNA by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Same samples were further processed for the isolation of virus by embryonated egg inoculation technique. Moreover, out of 507 samples, 479 serum samples were scrutinized by enzyme linked immunosorbent essay (ELISA). Sero-pre...
Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1,*, Waseem Akram2, Sumi Lee3, Shakir Manzoor1, Syed Rajab Ayub1, Khalil Ur Rehman1, Shinawar Waseem Ali1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha1 and Sumaira Maqsood1
Muhammad Waqar Yasin*, Mobushir Riaz Khan and Muhammad Amin
...ustify;">This study ponders the effect of changes in rainfall and temperature of Punjab, Pakistan on the production of five major crops viz. wheat (triticum), maize (zea mayes), cotton (gossypium), sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) and gram (Cicer arietinum). Firstly, changes in mean temperature and rainfall from 1951 to 2015 were assessed at district level. Secondly, the changes in crop performance were computed through rem...
Mahwish Rehman1*, Sajjad Ahmad1, Maqsood Shah1 and Inamullah Khan2
...as conducted in the University of Agriculture, Peshawar Pakistan during the year 2014-15. Mite specimens were collected from the honeybee colonies from different regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa i.e. Peshawar, Mardan, Kohat and Chitral to discovered Varroa mite species. Identification was done by using key developed byDe-Guzman and Fernandez and Coineau, (2007), i.e. body size (length and width), location of seta, shape, size (i.e. bristle hair, stiff) on do
Feroza Haider1,2, Shamim Gul2,3*, Javaid Hussain4, Sadaf Asalam Ghori5, Muhammad Naeem Shahwani6, Muhammad Murad6 and Abdul Manan Kakar7
...cow manure-derived biochars on the crop growth performance and accumulation of chromium, iron, manganese and zinc in the edible parts (roots) of Brassica rapa (turnip) under groundwater and wastewater irrigation. Biochars were applied at 0.25, 0.5 and 1 kg m-2 to soil. Amendment of biochar increased significantly the aboveground plant biomass by 28% - 34.3% under groundwater and 18.3% - 30.4% under wastewater irrigation. Dry...
Urooba Pervaiz1, Abdus Salam1, Dawood Jan2, Ayesha Khan1 and Mahmood Iqbal1
...council. All tomato growers given training by the extension department were selected for interview, thus 104 respondents were interviewed for the study through well-structured interview schedule. Paired t-test was used for the comparison before and after training.The results show that 43% of the respondents were young, literate (85%), owner cultivator (49%), majority (81%) have total tomato cultivated area between 1-3 acres. Training was given to all the farme...
Shuai Shang1,2, Honghai Zhang2,*, Xiaoyang Wu2, Qinguo Wei2, Jun Chen1, Huanxin Zhang1, Huaming Zhong2 and Xuexi Tang1,*
...nds. Bitter taste receptors coded by bitter taste receptor (Tas2r) genes has been identified in many species, but the evolution and repertoire of Tas2r genes in raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) was still unknown. As a true omnivorous mammal, the Tas2r genes may play a critical role in food selection of raccoon dogs. Thus, we explored the evolution of Tas2r genes in raccoon dogs. In this study, Tas2r genes includi...
Hexaprotodon (Mammalia: Hippopotamidae) from the Pinjor Formation of Bhimber, Azad Kashmir, Pakistan
Muhammad Akbar Khan
...ts morphological characters are incompletely known. Hippopotamid material recently excavated in the middle Pleistocene locality of Bhimber (Azad Kashmir, Pakistan) includes an almost complete mandible that provides a better knowledge of the taxon morphology. Hexaprotodon sivalensis is reported for the first time from the Bhimber Pleistocene locality of Azad Kashmir, Pakistan.
...
Jiji Li*, Tianyang Zu, Xiangli Dong, Xiao Yang, Wei Liu and Changwen Wu
...cteristics of three members of the CC family of chemokines: 1) dual chemokine ligand CCL17; 2) homeostatic chemokines ligand CCL21; and 3) CCL24 in response to bacterial challenge in large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea). The results revealed that the immunological effect of CCLs in the croaker is weaker than that of other fish, and revealed the infectivity of the large yellow croaker. Thus, these findings could help to develop methods of disease r...
Abdur Rehman1*, Wang Jian2, Noor Khan3 and Raheel Saqib3
...: justify;">Chinese farmers faced price volatility risk of major agricultural crops. The main purpose of this article is to compute and determine exactly the sizes and degrees of major crops market risk. The market risk analysis of major crops such as coarse grain rice, wheat, corn, cotton and soybean are determined using the VaR (Value at Risk) model. The practical consequences indicated that the normal distribution model i...
Sher Nawab Khan* and Ghulam Hassan
...g and Genetics, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2014-15 and 2015-16. Eight bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) varieties i.e., Atta-Habib (AH), Lalma-13 (Lal-13), Tatara-96 (Tat-96), Punjab-11 (PJ-11), Pirsabak-2005 (PS-05), Pirsabak-2013 (PS-13), Janbaz (JB) and land race Khatakwal (KW) were crossed in 8×8 full diallel pattern to identify a...
Zakirullah Jan1, Shamsher Ali1*, Tariq Sultan2, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Zahir Shah1 and Farmanullah Khan1
...ociation with large numbers of plants and microbial mats. In this regard, a pot experiment was carried out with the aim to assess the impact of different strains of cyanobacteria on rice crop growth and nutrients uptake under saline soil condition at National Agricultural Research Center (NARC), Islamabad Pakistan during summer 2016. A total of 18 experimental pots were induced with salinity of 7.0 dS m-1 and arranged in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with...
Imran Khan1, Zahir Shah2, Wiqar Ahmad3*, Farmanullah Khan2 and Muhammad Sharif2
...esearch Farm of the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during wheat crop season 2015-16 to test different nutrient inputs for their effect on wheat yield and soil fertility status under different tillage practices. Randomized Complete Block Split Plot Design with three replications was used for the study where nutrient inputs were allotted to sub-plots whilst tillage practices were studied in main plots. Nutrient input consisted of Farmer&
Gulsanga1, Zahin Anjum1, Sahib Alam2* and Farhat Shehzad1
... meat obtained from University Campus, Peshawar. The data showed that Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni concentrations in cow meat ranged from 7.27 to 14.81, 64.00 to 112.12, 3.30 to 6.25 and 0.73 to 2.53 mg/kg whereas the concentrations of these heavy metals in buffalo meat varied from 3.15 to 7.71, 72.88 to 88.47, 1.41 to 13.28 and 0.38 to 1.93 mg/kg, respectively. The average Na, K, Ca, Mg and P contents in cow’s and buffalo&
Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar1,*, Hummaira Iqbal1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2, Haseena Ghulam Muhammad1 and Muhammad Irfan1
...>was observed. Live spiders for the study were collected from citrus orchards of Sargodha and maintained individually in the laboratory. Both the control and insecticide treated spiders were offered larvae of Drosophila melanogaster in different densities. C. citricola increased prey consumption as the prey density was increased. Insecticide treated C. citricola consumed less prey as compared to control....
Muhammad Suhaib1*, Ijaz Ahmad2, Masooma Munir3, Badar-Uz-Zaman1, Bushra Atta4 and Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar5
...ress (75 and 150 mM). It’s an obvious factor that under salt stress certain reactive oxygen species are produced that damage the vital plant organelles causing disturbances in the normal functioning of the plant and even may lead to death in severe cases. The results of this study conferred that there were genotypic variation found in two genotypes regarding salinity tolerance. SARC-4 was found to tolerate more salt stress as compared to Parwaz-94 and pe...
Mehran Ali, Inamullah*, Sajjad Ahmad and Arsalan Khan
...h Farm (ARF) of The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016 to investigate the effect of various tillage implements and nitrogen sources on maize yield and soil organic matter. Randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement having four replications was used. Tillage implements (mould board plough, rotavator, disk harrow and cultivator) were applied in main plots while nitrogen sources (control, cattle manure, poultry manure, sheep m...
Baharullah Khattak1*, Saifullah2, Shaukat Hussain2, Musharraf Ahmad2, Asad Ali2, Mohammad Junaid2, Ijaz Ahmad Khan3, Taj Ali Khan1 and Mubbashir Hussain1
...set of three random primers was used for this purpose, which resulted in 113 bands on gel for the 15 isolates of T. harzianum. The analysis of the bi-variate data, using Unweighted Paired Groups Method Averages, divided the indigenous isolates of Trichoderma, into four well-defined clusters. These results clearly revealed that there were considerable genetic differences among the Trichoderma isolates. While, there was no cor...
Madeeha Alamzeb1, Shazma Anwar1, Asif Iqbal1,2*, Song Meizhen2, Mazhar Iqbal3, Sara4, Muhammad Ramzan2 and Afza Tabassum1
...esearch Farm of The University of Agriculture Peshawar, during winter 2015 to investigate the effect of organic sources (cattle, sheep and poultry manure each at 5 t ha-1) and nitrogen levels (0, 75, 100, 125 and 150 kg ha-1) on dry matter partitioning of wheat under tillage systems (conventional and deep tillage). The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement, having three replications. Tillage systems and organic...
Safdar Ali1*, Obaidullah Shafique1, Tariq Mahmood2, Muhammad Amir Hanif1, Ijaz Ahmed3 and Bashir Ahmad Khan4
... pesticides and fertilizers for increased crop production. Precise farming techniques can promote crop production without damaging soil and water, reducing losses due to leaching of nitrogen and enhancing long lasting incorporation of nutrients by micro-organisms present in the soil. Another major breakthrough of nanotechnology for improvement in agriculture production is the development of insect-resistant varieties by DNA transfer in the plants or nanopartic...
Qasim Iqbal1, Safdar Ali1*, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Obaidullah Shafique1, Bashir Ahmed Khan2, Ijaz Ahmad3 and Ihsanullah Khan4
...e seed was sown in the first week of August. The following parameters were studied in the experiment i.e. days to flower initiation, days to flower completion, plant height, days to maturity, stem diameter, head diameter, number of leaves, 1000 seed weight and seed yield per hectare. Quality parameters were consisted upon oil content (%), protein content (%), and fatty acid profile. The re...
Arshad Mahmood Malik1, Khalid Mahmood Mughal2, Sarfraz Ahmed Mian2 and Atta Ullah Khan2
...er. Sample firm was Farmers Market Pvt. Ltd which is unique entity involved in commercial production of hydroponic products in Pakistan. Data on various production and economic variables was collected from FMP during 2009 to 2013. Variable of the study were area, area allocation decisions of farmer, customer structure, markets, costs involved in production process and revenue earned from selling of the produce in both local and in export market. Yield of hydro...
Yakup Erdal Erturk1, Adem Aksoy2 and Mohammad Masood Tariq3,*
...determine potential factors that influence average fattening final live weight (AFFLW) per enterprise for crossbred cattle reared in beef cattle enterprises in North East Anatolia region (comprising Erzurum, Igdir, Kars and Agri provinces) of Turkey. For this goal, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS), a-non parametric regression technique, wa...
Ayesha Munir, Hafiz Muhammad Umer, Anjum Nasim Sabri and Imran Sajid*
... are the prolific producers of active agents to inhibit the growth of caries causing S. mutans. The natural extracts of Streptomyces strains significantly inhibited and delayed the biofilm formation by S. mutans and a profound effect was observed in case of the extracts of Streptomyces strains HU-09 and HU-10, which delayed biofilm maturation and even decreased biofilm formation with the passage of time. The micro well cytotoxicity ...
Hongqun Li1, Xiaoli Liu2,*, Zhenmin Lian3,RenheWang4, Yongbin Wang4, Yongyao Fu1 andDingyi Wang5
...nt variables and their first-order interaction as independent variables. Finally, regression equation with the lower Akaike’s Information Criterion for small sample sizes (AICc) value was regarded as the optimal model. The model indicated that nest-site success of brown-eared pheasants was negatively related to cover of shrubs, and first-order interaction between cover of trees and c...
Niamatullah Kakar, Farhat Abbas, Muhammad Shafee and Tauseef Asmat*
...ith associated risk factors in Quetta Jail, Pakistan. In this cross-sectional study, 186 sputum samples were collected randomly from jail inmates. Sputum was processed for smear microscopy and culture inoculation for the detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection. Moreover, the suspected samples were further investigated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Three samples were found positive by PCR test while other detection methods were not...
Muhammad Mohsin Ahsan1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2,*, Khizar Samiullah3
... Pakistan is rich in diversity and applicability. However, limited information is available on these animals especially in Punjab province of Pakistan. Furthermore, distributional pattern and habitat structure of known species is also ambiguous. In this study, we report the scorpion Androctonus finitimus (Pocock, 1897) from several areas of Punjab, Pakistan. This scorpion species has not been previously documented from this part of the country, highligh...
Huma Naz1,*, Sajid Abdullah2, Sidra Naz3, Sidra Abbas2, Wardah Hassan2, Shakeela Perveen2, Moazama Batool1, Laiba Shafique2
... and biochemical parameters can be used as a valuable bio-marker to identify the toxic effects of pollutants in aquatic systems.
...
Ambrina Hafiz1, Tanzeela Riaz2 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1,*
...in-resistant populations’ viz., Gujranwala, Okara and D.G. Khan was significantly increased as compared to susceptible population of T. granarium (population never exposed to any kind of insecticide/fumigant since 2001). Different developmental stages possessed different levels of esterase activities. Based on the level of activities the adult beetles were more susceptible to deltamethrin than 4th and 6th instar larvae...
Asad Sultan1,*, Shahroom Khan1, Sarzamin Khan1, Naila Chand1, Muhammad Shuaib Khan2 and Hamza Maris3
...ntly, the best feed conversion ratio (FCR) was recorded in the same group. Tibia dry matter, ash, calcium (Ca) and phosphorous (P) were significantly (P<0.05) higher in OA-2. On the other hand, fecal Ca and P decreased significantly (P<0.05) in OA-2. Mean dry matter and ash contents increased significantly (P<0.05) in OA-2, while crude protein, crude fibre, ether extract and metabolizable energy increased significantly (P<0.05) in OA-1.5 and OA-2. ...
Ashraf Sayed Awaad1 and Mohamed Zaki Fathy2*
...ic regions of goat cadavers and five live goats of both sexes ranged between 25-30 kg body weight. Longitudinal and cross anatomical sections were done on these samples; the sections were photographed and compared with coronal and sagittal sections of CT images. While transverse and parasagittal US were performed in goats over the selected new site (last inter-lumber space (L5-L6). The latter was compared with the L6-S space...
Saima Rani*, Hassnian Shah, Nusrat Habib and Muhammad Azeem Khan
...ingness to pay of consumers estimated by using the probit model. The model contains the information of socioeconomic characteristics, awareness and preferences of organic vegetables and product attributes. The empirical findings indicate that age, employment status, income, education, number of children, taste, no chemical residual, high nutritional value, freshness and colour of the vegetables have positive effects on consumer to pay a high price. While in ...
Ghufran ul Haq1*, Muhammad Arif2, Asad Ali2 and Mian Inayatullah3
... plains of Shabqadar, Charsadda and Peshawar during 2011, 2012 and 2013, to determine the incidence of TYLCV and the population of its vector. Triple antibody sandwich-enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (TAS-ELISA) was successful in detecting TYLCV in naturally and whiteflies inoculated tomato plants. Transmission properties of the virus were determined by inoculation of tomato plants of susceptible cultivar, Roma-VF, by whiteflies, determining the minimum time...
Nashwa Mohamed Eid1, Al-Hussien Mohamed Dahshan1, El-Shayma El-Nahass2, Basma Shalaby3 and Ahmed Ali1*
...oups of 10 day-old broilers were fed a balanced ration with addition of thyme (0.25%) or clove (0.125%). Birds were then challenged with CP (1×108 CFU) together with another 2 groups without EOs at 15 days of age. Starting from 3 days’ post infection (DPI), the second 2 set of birds without EOs addition were fed ration containing 0.25% and 0.125% thyme and clove oils as treatment in comparison to an antibiotic co...
Muhammad Shahbaz1,*, Muhammad Anwar Iqbal1, Arshad Javid2, Abu ul Hassan Faiz1, Irfan3 and Muhammad Irshad Arshad4
...r are reported for the first time from the study area, whereas, P. pipistrellus and P. paterculus has already been reported from other districts of Punjab province. The shape and length of baculum were the characters that help in clear cut identification of various Pipistrellus species. The external body, cranial and bacular features of the species were compared with available literature.
...
Rehman-Ud-din* and Naeem-Ur-Rehman Khattak
...ricts, i.e. Peshawar, Charsadda and Nowshera in the said valley, were randomly selected followed by a selection of three villages in each district under simple random selection. In this way, a sample size of 175 farmers was randomly selected from nine villages on a proportional basis. The study reveals that a large number of both types of farmers are neither completely mechanised nor compl...
Usman Shakoor1, Ali Nasir2, Mudassar Rashid1, Muhammad Iftikhar-ul-Husnain1, Nabila Khurshid1 and Zuhair Husnain2
... dereliction of Pakistan’s legislators in formalizing an agricultural tax regime has unequivocally induced critical structural weaknesses in the fiscal machinery. Addressing the concern, the study has analysed the impact of agriculture taxes on the share of agriculture GDP of Pakistan and empirically investigated the long run relationship between the variables using time series data for last 23 yea
Zeqin Fu, Yunfang Tian, Yingying Ye*, Pengzhi Qi and Changwen Wu
... hundred and twenty primers pairs to screen all microsatellite loci and twenty-three polymorphic loci were identified. The number of alleles per loci ranged from six to twenty-one with an average of 12.913 and the allele size varied between 161 and 470 bp. The observed and expected heterozygosity varied from 0.143 to 1.000 and from 0.351 to 0.926, with average values of 0.614 and 0.771, respectively. Eighteen loci accorded w...
Thomas W. Clark
...itutes each of us as a person. The feeling of being a singular self that owns these characteristics is real enough, but there’s no indivisible thing to which that feeling refers. Rather, it’s the result of a subset of neural goings-on tasked with reliably distinguishing the physical person from the rest of ...
Muhammad Nazar Aftab1, Ahmed Ali1, Muhammad Asad1, Sadia Fatima2 and Furhan Iqbal2,*
...vided into two groups. First group was treated with 80mg/Kg body weight of AlCl3 for 16 days while control group was treated with saline solution for the same period of time. Complete blood count were determined in both experimental treatments at the end of dose supplementation. Our results revealed that oral supplementation of 80mg/Kg body weight of AlCl3 for 16 days did not affect (P > 0.05) any of the studied paramete
Fayaz Ahmad1*, Noorullah Khan1, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Qamar uz Zaman1, Shamsul Islam1, Muhammad Abbas Khan1 and Sair Sarwar2
...i Mansehra during the years 2012-13 with the objectives to find out the most suitable time of pruning and doses of potash fertilizer for deep pruning of tea bushes and their subsequent efficient recovery and proper growth. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Mature tea plants (26 year old) of Qi-men variety were deeply pruned (30 cm from the ground level by completely defoliating the bushes) on five differen...
Wiqar Ahmad1* and Farmanullah Khan2
...he control (C), ii. Farmers practice (FP; 60:45:0 N: P2O5: K2O), iii. Recommended NPK dose (RD; 120:90:60 N: P2O5: K2O ) and iv. 60:90:60 N: P2O5: K2O integrated with FYM 20 t ha-1 (N1/2PKF) in sub plots. Maize (Zea mays L.) CV Azam (yield data contained in this paper belongs to maize only), wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) CV Uqab and lentils (Lense Culinarus M.) CV NM-89 were cultivated in rotation. Results revealed that during 2006, maize yield did not improve ...
Muhammad Ismaeel1,2*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Aziz Ur Rahman1 and Mian Ahmad Raza1
...ield and related parameters at The University of Agriculture Peshawar-Pakistan, during 2011. Thirty rice genotypes including 14 parents and 16 F1 hybrids were replicated twice in a randomized complete block design (RCBD). Rice genotypes reflected significant differences (P≤0.01) for all the traits. Among the rice parents, Bas-6129 and Bas-370 showed the highest values for grains panicle-1 (214.0) while IR-8 displayed maxi...
Samiullah*, Mohammad Aslam Khan and Atta-ur-Rahman
...d with the key stakeholders. The analysis reveals that rapid urban expansion has resulted in reduction of farmland and sub-division of landholdings into smaller land fragments. Beside urbanization, a major contributor to fragmentation is the law of inheritance, which divides the land among successors. In the absence of specific policies on land consolidation or development control, it is hard to see any expected change in la...
Jia-kui Li1,2,*, Kun Li2, Zhao-qing Han2, Hui Zhang2, Xiao-qiang Wang2, Hou-qiang Luo2, Yan-fang Lan2 and Gang Qiu1,2
...fference in the three years (P<0.05). The current result reveal a growing prevalence of BVDV infection in yaks in this area.
...
Nadia Saeed1,Mian Sayed Khan2, Habib Ahmad3, Muhammad Abdullah4 and Muzafar Shah5,*
...ndments pigeon manure, horse dung, cow dung, duck manure and castor oil cakes at the rate of 8 Kg/tree and saw dust at the rate of 10kg/tree, respectively. Untreated trees were kept for the comparison. Soil samples and sub samples of both treated and untreated trees after 3, 6 and 12 month from Abbottabad and Mansehra by using Bearmann funnel technique. After Quantitative analysis of both treated and untreated trees, it was observed that treated trees samples ...
Farrukh Jamil*, Samra Raheel and Haroon Rasheed
...moglobin (tHb) that differs from other bacterial tHbs due to its large size, polar heme pocket residues and large cavity for exogenous ligand in the heme pocket. The crystal structures of HGbIV showed that its heme pocket can accommodate and interact with bulky PO4-3 ion. Here, we have docked different smaller molecules/ion like O2, NO, CO, CO2, NO3-1, CH3COO-1 and CN-...
Xiangbin Meng1,Tianxiang Gao2, Chunhou Li3, Na Song1, Lu Liu1, Liqin Liu2 and Xiumei Zhang1,*
... highly polymorphic markers will be important to promote the conservation of this species. We performed next-generation sequencing and de novo assembly to obtain potential useful microsatellite markers for S. esculenta. Among 80 tested microsatellite markers, 19 showed polymorphism among S. esculenta individuals. The allele number of all polymorphic microsatellite mark...
Muhammad Asim Khan1,*, Shahid Niaz Khan1, Sanaullah Khan2, Abdul Jabbar Khan3, Muhammad Adnan4, Nawab Ali5 and Ijaz Ali6
...1 year up to above 50 years during the months of June 2010 to June 2012, residing in Northern (Peshawar, Mardan, Charsaddah, Sawabi, Nowshehra) and Southern (Bannu, Lakki, Karrak, Kohat, D.I.Khan) districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. All the films were examined by microscopy for the detection of malarial parasites. In the Southern districts, the overall incidence of Plasmodium slides positivity was 52.47% of whi...
Tariq Mukhtar
...ss and reproductive factors of M. incognita in a dose dependent manner. Both the fungi caused the maximum reductions in these parameters at two highest doses of 8×103 and 1×104 cfu/g of soil. The increases or reductions were slightly greater with T. harzianum than those with T. viride. It is, therefore, concluded from the present evaluation that the indigenous isolates o...
Tariq Mahmood1,*, Shafqat Rasool1, Faraz Akrim1, Shaista Andleeb1, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem2 and Fiaz Nadeem3
...y 2015 for recording diversity of owl species inhabiting Margalla Hills National Park, Islamabad (MHNP). Three owl species viz., Spotted Owlet (Athene brama), Little owlet (Athene noctua) and the Tawny Owl (Strix aluco) were recorded from the park at five different sampling sites, at elevations ranging from 615 m to 655 m above sea level. Only one of the three species Tawny owl was previously known from the park while the othe...
Jun Chen1, Shuai Shang2, Xiaoyang Wu1, Jiakuo Yan1, Huaming Zhong1, Huanxin Zhang2, Weilai Sha1, Wanchao Zhu1 and Honghai Zhang1,*
... Here, we provided the first description of the fecal bacterial populations of the cape oryx by using high-throughput Illumina sequencing technology. We analyzed 100,180 high-quality sequences of the 16S rRNA gene obtained from fecal samples from three cape oryx animals, one female and two males. At the 3% level in our research, we found 3959, 4553, and 3930 operational taxonomical units (OTUs). Additionally, the three samples have 754 OTUs in common, which co...
Hazrat Nabi1, Irshad Hussain2, Muhammad Adil3, Amar Nasir3,*, Arbab Sikandar3, Saeed Khan1 and Nasrullah Khan3
...ommercial mycotoxin binders (Mycotox® and Mycofix® Plus 3.0) on the humoral immunity, lymphoid organs and growth performance of broilers. In this study, a total of 118 day-old broiler chicks were used, of which 108 were randomly divided into 6 groups (A to F) on day 14th. Aflatoxins derived from Aspergillus parasiticus were mixed in the feed measuring 150 ppb and fed to various...
Hasina Baloch1, Rahmatullah Rind2,*, Muhammad Rafique Rind3, Viram Kumar4, Nazia Baloch5 and Rajesh K. Oad6
...ining the effects of diverse factors associated with clinical and subclinical mastitis in buffaloes. Significantly higher prevalence (49. 07%) of clinical mastitis was observed in buffaloes with average age of 6 to 9 years whereas those of > 9 years of age showed higher (33.33%) but non-significant prevalence of subclinical mastitis. However, sig...
Shamsher Ali1*, Sarmad Khan1, Muhammad Jamal Khan2, Naveed ullah4, Muhammad Rashid3 and Wiqar Ahmad1
... Campus Mardan, The University of Agriculture to screen out bread wheat varieties in different soils at early growth stage. Five bread wheat varieties i.e Atta Habib, Barsat, Siren, Pirsabak-2004 and Pirsabak-2005 were cultivated under three soils having different salinity levels; i- Normal-non saline soil (EC=0.9 dS m-1), ii- moderately saline soil (EC=...
Muhammad Zulfiqar1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Irshad Khan Abbasi2, Muhammad Tariq2, Jawad Ali3, Melad Karim4 and Rizwan Ahmad1
... justify;">Many researchers argued that increasing global temperature will result in waning glacier based freshwater availability in future. River Indus fed by glaciers is critical for Pakistan as it is irrigating its 80% of agricultural land. Shigari Kalan watershed is one of the water sheds located in Skardu, Northern Pakistan, which also contributes to River Indus flowing to Pakistan. T...
Fatma Abdallah1*, Ola Hassnain2, Elsayed Attar3, Haytham Ali3,5, Mohamed Megahed1 and Venugopal Nair4
...ngs in the visceral tumours and presence of viral DNAs with variable mitotic figures were observed in the examined visceral organs. Eight samples were screened positive for the major MDV-encoded oncogene Meq which was subjected for alignment and phylogenetic analysis. The eight studied consensus amino acid sequences of Meq proteins possess several amino acid mutations associated with the MDV virulence and a unique distortion in the Proline repeats (Proline-to-...
Mingming Ning1,2, Yanjie Zheng1, Yuanyuan Dun1, Weijun Guan2 and Xiuxia Li1,*
...erentiate into three layers. Methods and results include that more CAFSCs are gained via thermoelectric method with lower cost. Groping and optimizing culture system abiding by the idea of simulating the chicken body environment, involving adding proportion of chicken serum and some growth factors. CAFSCs can be transferred to 34 passages nowadays. Surface marker Oct4, CD105, nanog, CD73 and SSEA-4 on CAFSCs are detected pos...
Nadeem Munawar, Iftikhar Hussain and Tariq Mahmood*
...tant component of biodiversity of the agricultural lands and have been identified as destructive mammalian pests of agricultural crops at global level. They cause severe damage to various crops, directly and indirectly, by gnawing, spoilage, contamination and hoarding activities. The current study investigated the occurrence of different rodent species inside the crop fields and at field edges, associated with four major crops (wheat, groundnut, millet and mai...
Adel A. Basyouny Shahin,1,* Amira M. Metwally Mohamed2 and Abd El-Reheem A. El Shatter2
...cene (ca 1.26 million years ago).
...
Danyu Zhang1, Ying Liu1, Qinxin Shi1, Zhiwei Peng1, Yan Hua1 and Zhijun Hou1,2,*
...Coccidian species were first time found either in sable or in other martens. The 434 genus of bacteria, belong to 30 phylum, the more popular bacteria were Proteobacteria (33.54%), following by Firmicutes (18.58), Acidobacteria (12.82%), Actinobacteria (9.27%), Bacteridetes (5.44%), Crenarchaeota (4.58%), Fusobacteria (2.66%), Verrucomicrobia (2.29%), Gemmatimonadetes (2.18%) and Planctomycetes (1.39%), and they were more than 92.75%. The gut bacteria of the s...
Ali Zaman1,*, Abdul Haleem1, Sajjad Ur Rahman2, Adnan Amin3 Asma Saeed1, Sana Ullah4 and Naimat Ullah4
...rn. From total 650 broilers sera were taken, around the five geographically distinct districts and analyzed through hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test for detection of H5 antibodies. Highest sero-prevalence of Avian Influenza (H5) was recorded in district Abbottabad 36.15% (47/130) followed by Dera Ismail Khan 33.08% (43/130), Tank 26.92% (35/130), Peshawar 21.54% (28/130) and Mansehra 16.92% (22/130). Statistical analysis confirmed a significant (P<<...
Souheila Slimani1,*, Sonia Hamouda1, Chahrazed Souadi1, Sara Silini2, Cherif Abdennour2 and Leila Delimi3
...xic and fertility disorders. The objective of this work is to study the toxic effect of the dithiocarbamate “thiram 80% purity” on seasonal reproduction of male domestic pigeons Columba livia domestica, subjected to a long photoperiod (19L: 05D). The fungicide was orally administered at 5 and 10 mg/Kg body weight/day for 10 consecutive weeks.Testicular volume and weights were measured weekly, whereas semen quality, and histopathological prof...
Muhammad Anwar-ul-Haq1, Amer Jamal Hashmat1, Ejazul Islam1, Muhammad Afzal1, Abid Mahmood2, Muhammad Ibrahim2,*, Muhammad Nawaz3,*, Shahid Nadeem4 and Qaiser Mahmood Khan1
...te electrodes in four hours. The toxicological studies proved that electrochemical treatment could effectively detoxify the effluent. The mortality rate of Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus L.) was 70% decreased in treated textile effluent as compared to untreated textile effluent. Overall, electrochemical treatment process has been proved to be efficient in reducing COD, color and toxicity and thus treated water can be reused.
...
Musrrat Fatima, Muhammad Saad Khan, Hamid Rashid, Asim Mehmood, Sumaira Kanwal, Muhammad Asif Rasheed and Farrukh Jamil*
...entify potential inhibitors against ZIKV protease NS2B-NS3, which has a well-known role in the viral replication. By using three dimensional structure of the NS2B-NS3, an allosteric site has been identified in the protein. Moreover, the identified site is used for structure-based virtual screening. After screening 100,000 compounds, 14 compounds are selected, which fulfilled different already established drug likeliness parameters
Muhammad Zameer Kayani1,*and Tariq Mukhtar2
...es, and resistant cultivars can prove a promising substitute. For their fitness as nematode-suppressive crops, the reproductive and developmental rates of the nematode must be assessed on these cultivars. As there is meager information on the reproductive potential of Meloidogyne incognita on different cucumber cultivars commonly cultivated in Pakistan, therefore, the objective of t...
Yakup Erdal Ertürk
...several influential factors that have significant impact on final fattening weight (FFW) as an output variable at domestic beef cattle enterprises from the Eastern part of Turkey. Multivariate adaptive regression splines (MARS) as a non-parametric analysis technique was preferred in the description of the influential factors and their interaction effects...
Zihong Chen1, Ling Xu2, Xiaona Yang2, Yaguan Zhang3* and Yuming Yang4
...on morphological characters combined with a multigene phylogenetics analysis involving 5.8S–ITS, nrSSU, nrLSU, EF–1α, RPB1 and RPB2. In multilocus phylogeny, M. baoshanense was grouped as a sister clade to Metarhizium majus, Metarhizium guizhouense, Metarhizium lepidiotae and Metarhizium indigoticum, but conclusively separated from these allied species with high support value. Morphological character differe...
Environmental Determinants of Zooplankton Community in the Damietta Estuary of the Nile River, Egypt
Wael S. El-Tohamy1,*, Russell R. Hopcroft2 and Nagwa E.M. Abdel Aziz3
...contributed 36.2%. Rotifers ranked the third important group (12.6%). Protozoa contributed 10.6% of the total community. According to the Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA), the variations in the species data were significantly (P< 0.05) related to salinity, temperature, phosphate concentration and phytoplankton biomass. The main spatial gradients along the estuary were associated with salinity. The high salinity zone in the estuary downstream was domi...
Xi-wen Chen1,2, Qian Wang1,3, Miao Yin1, Zhong-hui Pu1,2, Ai-wei Guo3, Lian Li 1,3, Wen-tao Luo1,3 and Xiong-qing Wang1,*
... study established a reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) assay to detect PRRSV. Four primers were designed targeting the ORF5 gene of PRRSV were designed. Reverse transcription and amplification of the viral RNA u...
Syed Makhdoom Hussain1,*, Muhammad Zubair ul Hassan Arsalan1, Arshad Javid2, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain3, Nosheen Aslam4, Qasim Ali5, Majid Hussain6, Muhammad Masoom ul Hassan Rehan7, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1,8, Anam Khalid1 and Danish Riaz1
...nt digestibility parameters. The maximum weight gain (304%) and minimum FCR (1.33) values were noted at 10% replacing level for above mentioned diet showed that fish was in more healthy condition as compared to control (0% MOLM) and other test diets. Digestibility coefficients for MOLM based diet at 10% replacement level of fish meal, increased 13.98%, 14.29% and 10.52% for crude fat, crude protein and supposed gross energy when compared to control diet, respe...
Syed Makhdoom Hussain1,*, Nosheen Aslam2, Arshad Javid3, Shehzadi Liaquat1,Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1, 4, Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan1 and Muhammad Adnan Khalid1
Qaisar Jamal1, Muhammad Idrees1, Saif Ullah2, Muhammad Adnan1, Farrah Zaidi1, Qaiser Zaman1,3 and Syed Basit Rasheed1,*
...of lizards (Calotes versicolor farooqi, Laudakia agrorensis, Eublepharis macularius, Cyrtopodion scabrum, Hemidactylus brookii, Hemidactylus flaviviridis, Ophisops jerdonii, Asymblepharus himalayanus, Eurylepis taeniolatus, Eutropis dissimilis and Varanus bengalensis) and 16 species of snakes (Eryx johnii, Amphiesma stolatum, Boiga trigonata, Lycodon striatus, Oligodon arnensis, Oligodon taeniolatus, Platyceps rhodorachis, Platyceps ventromacu...
Selçuk Kaplan
...n of candidate gene markers for marker assisted selection is very important to increase genetic gains in breeding. Leptin is a 16 kDa protein which is highly expressed in adipose tissue. Leptin is one of the most significant candidate gene marker for MAS studies. Therefore, bubaline leptin gene exon 2, part of the intron 1 and intron 2 region were amplified and sequenced to identify nucleotide variations in Anatolian water buffaloes. Sequence analysis were rev...
Guifen Liu1,2, Xiaomu Liu1,2, Khuram Shahzad3, Wei You1,2, Juan J. Loor3,* and Fachun Wan1,2,4,*
...am transcription regulators and gene networks. Bioinformatics analysis results indicated that 18 months being a key age for alterations in metabolism. The results of IPA analysis revealed that several transcription regulators related to disease, cell growth, proliferation and lipid metabolism, including PPAR, are important during development of the adipose tissue. These data indicate that future research should emphasize the...
Mumtaz Ali Khan1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Sher Bahadar Khan2, Shehla Gul Bokhari1, Ikramul Haq1,*, Imdad Ullah Khan3, Naimat Ullah4, Naimat Ullah Khan4, Kashif Hussain1 and Azmat Ullah Khan2
...d through colony characters, Gram staining and biochemical tests. The identified isolates were quantified on blood agar and confirmed through PCR. Toxins were extracted, quantified, formalized and adjuvanted with aluminium hydroxide gel. Safety, sterility and stability of the toxoid were ascertained. Bacterin toxoid of C. perfringens type D was procured from Veterinary Research Institute Peshawar. The immunogenicity of toxoid vaccines and bacterin toxoi...
Muhammad Shahid Saeed1, Adeela Shahid2, Samia Jawed3, Muhammad Akram4, Irshad Hussain Qureshi5
...st century and occurs due to complex interaction between genetic, behavioral and environmental factors. There are many drugs available for asthma and magnesium sulphate is given intravenously as an important adjunct therapy during the acute severe attack of asthma
Objective: This study was panned to determine the effect of intravenous MgSO4 on pulmonary function test in acute severe attack...
Sadaf Noveen1*, Shaista Habib Ullah2, Babar Alam3
...p between these two factors.
Methods: A descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on a sample of 140, which were 4-8 years old children with speech sound disorders, without any disability, and visiting various speech clinics in Pakistan. Test for Assessment of Articulation and Phonology in Urdu (TAAPU) was applied as it contains both oral motor screen and articulat...
Kaleem Ullah1, Zafar Niaz2, Sami Ullah Mumtaz3, Sajid Abaidullah4*
...s was 60.7±6.2 years and mean FEV1/FVC ratio was 56.9±14.3%. Similarly mean ejection fraction of the patients turned out to be 60.6±4.6. The mean peak mitral filling velocity of the patients was 69.8±15.9 cm/s. The mean peak mitral filling rate of the patients was 57.2±30.9 cm/s and mean E/A ratio was 1.3±0.3. The mean iso-volumetric relaxation time of the patients was 84.2±14.7 msec. The mean mitral E decelerat...
Riffat Mehboob1*, Shahida Perveen2, Naseer Ahmed3
...ospital of Lahore to understand the prevalence of inflammatory lesions, benign neoplasms and their age-wise comparison.
Methodology: The study was carried out at Pathology Department, King Edward Medical University, Lahore. Data of 368 cases of BBD during a time span of 3 years (2011-2014) was obtained retrospectively.
Results: There were 190 pat...
Nasreen Ishaq1, Arif Rasheed Malik2, Zameer Ahmad1, Saad Ehsan Ullah3
...nity, which formulates personal identity. Forensic medicine is basically the science of identification and during last few decades multiple research work has been conducted for detection of different methods of identification to establish a baseline of identity e.g. dental data, fingerprinting, DNA analysis, anthropometry, identification of sex, assessment of age, determination of height and blood groups identification. Among these, DNA analysis and dental dat...
Ghulam Abbas1, Muhammad Jawad Asghar1, Muhammad Rizwan2*, Muhammad Akram1, Jaffar Hussain1 and Fiaz Ahmad1
...xotic and indigenous diverse mungbean genotypes were evaluated for seed yield and other related traits. The genetic analysis of mungbean germplasm revealed high genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic (PCV) coefficients of variability for biological yield (GCV% = 31.70, PCV% = 33.58), harvest index (GCV% = 27.80, PCV% = 30.16) and seed yield (GCV% = 25.28, PCV% = 27.54). While heritability estimates were high for all the traits except days to maturity and cluste
Abdul Basit1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,4*, Sohail Ahmed2, Gohar Ali2 and Muhammad Javaid3
...es on any of the parameters measured. Moreover, maximum and minimum CBR were found for spinosad formulation (1:4.9) and yellow color refractive sheet treatments (1:1.8), respectively. It is concluded that, in combination with biorational insecticides such as spinosad, installation of different colored refractive sheets, except yellow, at 30° or 60° angles would be more effective and economical to control fruit fly incidence on different vegetable crops...
Abdul Wajid1,*, Asma Basharat2, Muhammad Akbar Shahid3, Sidra Tul Muntaha1, Abdul Basit4, Tanveer Hussain5, Muhammad Farooq Tahir6, Muhammad Azhar7, Masroor Ellahi Babar1 and Shafqat Fatima Rehmani2
...ut Pakistan in recent years. To identify the serotype and gain a better understanding of the genetic properties of the FAdV strains responsible for recent outbreaks, the sequence analysis of hexon gene of 10 isolates associated with IBH and HPS was determined. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis based on direct sequencing of hypervariable region of hexon gene grouped these sequences into two distinct groups, three F...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1*, Mumtaz Hussain1, Muhammad Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahmed1, Muhammad Zeshan1,2, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1 and Kazim Ali2
Rizwana Qamar1, Maria Ghias1, Fida Hussain1, Sajida Habib1, Muhammad Khuram Razzaq2*, Muhammad Aslam1 and Imran Habib3
... approach by plant breeders to manage with drought. A wire house experiment was conducted in Oilseeds Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Faisalabad for the screening of genotypes against drought. Ten hybrids along with their 13 parental inbred lines were grown in polythene bags following factorial structured completely randomized design by three replications against three levels of water stress. Data was recorded on root length (cm), shoot length (...
Ayesha Iftikhar1,*, Muhammad Asif Aziz1, Muhammad Naeem1, Munir Ahmad1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...ra: Pseudococcidae). Understanding the effect of temperature variations on its demography and predation rate is necessary to predict the population dynamics of this beetle against cotton mealy bug. Age-stage, two sex life tables of zigzag beetle were constructed at three different temperature regimes: 24 ± 0.5 °C and 27 ± 0.5 °C with 60-70% R.H. and ambient condition (32 ± 4 °C; 16-50% R.H.) with 14:10 h (L:D) photoperiod using...
Muhammad Fiaz1*, Muhammad Afzal1 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,2
...commended to citrus growers against sucking insect pests. ...
Komal Mushtaq1, Shoaib Waqas2*, Hafiz Muhammad Asim3
...rdquo; test using SPSS version 23.0.
Results: The calculated mean pain score on NPRS before treatment was 3.90 (standard deviation, 0.3038) and after treatment it was 1.65 (standard deviation, 0.8638). The calculated t-value was 12.08 (p value=0.000).
Conclusion: These results clearly demonstrate that the maitland G1 and G2 spinal mo...
Masood Nizam Tabassum1*, Muhammad Ather Khan2, Saira Afzal3, Amir Gilani4, Abdul Wahab Gureja5, ShafaqTabassum6
... the demographic parameters of patients of Tuberculosis at public sector health facilities Lahore, Pakistan.
Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted in outpatient Department of chest Medicine in Public sector health facilities Lahore, Pakistan from 1st January 2017 to 30th June 2017 after informed consent from Tuberculosis patients. After simple random sampling 1120 patients coming from different parts of the Pun...
Sukirno Sukirno1,2, Muhammad Tufail1,3,*, Khawaja Ghulam Rasool1, Said El Salamouny1, 4, Koko Dwi Sutanto1 and Abdulrahman Saad Aldawood1
...xtracts to improve the persistence of Spodoptera littoralis multiple nucleopolyhedrovirus (SpliMNPV) against beet army worm, Spodoptera exigua(Hübner) under harsh sunny field conditions in Saudi Arabia. A preliminary test of SpliMNPV was performed to determine the lethal concentrations of this virus against the first and second larval instar of S. exigua...
Yan Li1, Kai Zhan1,*, Junying Li1, Wei Liu1, Ruiyu Ma1, Shengnan Liu1, Haijun Cui1 and Xin Zhang2
...her cover of layer breeders in the mating cage. Ninety-six 230-day-old Hy-line Brown roosters were randomly split into four groups. Group 1 chicks served as intact control. Trimming of claw of group 2 chicks was performed by the method of partial amputation of the third toe (along the distal phalanx) at day of hatch; the first and third toes were declawed in the group 3, while the second a...
Saeed Ullah1, Amanullah Jan1, Murad Ali2*, Wiqar Ahmad3, Hafeez Ur Rehman2, Muhammad Ishaq2 and Bilal Ahmad2
...ication are crucial factors for enhanced crop yield and economic return. This study investigated the effect of phosphorous (0, 35, 70 and 105 kg P2O5 ha-1) and zinc (0, 10, 20 and 30 kg ha-1) levels applied through broadcast and banding on chickpea growth and yield during winter 2013-14 at the New Developmental Farm, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar. The experiment was carried out by following randomized complete bloc...
Doğan Türkyılmaz1,*, Selçuk Özyürek2,Nurinisa Esenbuğa1 and Mustafa Yaprak1
...93% in Awassi. There isn’t any significant difference between the breed for milk components (p>0.05). Between udder width and non-fat dry matter content, high positive correlation was determined. The ideal and most suitable udder type for machine milking is pear-shaped and oblique teat (Type III). So this result can help us for selection of milking ability in Morkaraman and Tuj breeds.
...
Wasim Javaid1, Farid Asif Shaheen1*, Farah Naz2 and Muhammad Usman Raja2
...PB was observed in 72 hours through application of 1×108spores/ml of M. anisopliae compared to B. bassiana with 60% mortality. On 24 hours of exposure, minimum mortality (4%) in PB was recorded in grains treated with 1×106 spores/ml of B. bassiana. In M. anisopliae, the concentrations of 1×108 after 24 hours, 1×107 after 48 hours ...
Tanzim Ullah Khan1*, Mohammad Tariq Jan1, Ahmad Khan1, Gulzar Ahmad2, Muhammad Ishaq2, Khilwat Afridi2, Murad Ali2, Muhammad Adeel Qureshi2, Imtiaz Ahmad3 and Muhammad Saeed2
...c and inorganic fertilizers enhances wheat productivity. This research was conducted on integrated management of fertilizer nitrogen and poultry manure for wheat improvement at New Developmental Research Farm, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Agricultural University, Peshawar in 2010-11. Three levels of fertilizer nitrogen (75, 100 and 125 kg ha-1) and two poultry manure levels (0 and 4 tones ha-1) were allotted to main plot while time of...
Imadud Din1*, Fazal Munsif1, Irfan Ahmad Shah3, Hamayoon Khan1, Fahad Ullah Khan1, Ibrarullah2, Shahab Uddin4 and Tauqir Islam1
...umber of productive tillers m-2 was counted for PR-111, while intense leaf area index was displayed by PR-103. Hybrid-404 had relatively higher grain spike-1 while PR-114 was observed for highest 1000-grain weight. Among the genotypes Pirsabak-08 excelled for dwarf traits, while Hybrid-403 was found early maturing genotypes. Grain yield was positively correlated with productive tillers m-2...
Muhammad Shoaib Saleem*, Muhammad Faheem Akbar, Amjad Sultan and Saqib Ali
...usiness Management, University of Karachi to evaluate the efficacy of Neonicotinoids and Insect growth Regulators (IGRs) against jassid (Amrasca devastans Dist.) on eggplant crop. The crops were grown in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications, each have five treatments inclusive of control. The recommended doses of Nitenpyram, Clothianidin, Momentum (combination of Nitenpyram+Chlorfenapyr) and Bupr...
Muhammad Shaheer1*, Asad Aslam Khan2, Nasir Ahmed3, Tehseen Mahmood Mahju4, Ummarah Rasheed5
...as performed by researchers and findings were recorded accordingly. The retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was measured in superior, inferior halves and total average thickness. Pre- and post-injection OCT were conduced and macular thickness were documented.
Results:The mean retinal nerve fiber layer thickness was decreased in superior and inferior halves as well as in the total thickness.
Conclusion: Intra vitreal ...
Naveed Akhtar1, Humaira Zareen2* and Rubina Sarmad3
...ritional status of any person. Modification of these habits in the adolescent period can prevent malnutrition resulting in prevention of many non-communicable diseases. Additionally, with best eating habits female doctors can be a role model for their patients.
Objectives: This study was designed to access the dietary habits, nutritional status and their association in young adolescent female medical stude...
Fouzia Hadi Ali1, Farhat Naz2, Aban Abid Qazi3
... expensive for both doctors and hospitals, the predictors of WP among the healthcare practitioners appear to have contextual nuances. One of the significant factors and increasing vulnerabilities of the healthcare sector is work-life balance (WLB). However, it is futile to study WLB in isolation, the literature suggests that positive psychological capita...
Maaz Ahmad1*, Mussab Ahmad2 and Tehreem Munir3
...developed countries suffers from dyspeptic symptoms at any time in a year, whereas in Pakistan, 14-22 % of general population suffers from FD.
Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the effectiveness of carica papaya extract (CP) in preventing functional dyspepsia in human volunteers.
Methodology: A community based, placebo-controll...
Taimoor Akram Khan1*, Anam Farooq2, Amna Farooq3, Muhammad Nasir1, Gohar Khan4 and Ali Akram Khan1
... systems presenting at first tier of primary healthcare system.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using Basic Health Unit’s (BHU) Outdoor Patient Department (OPD) database retrospectively in order to determine the age, gender and organ system wise distribution of various diseases. Secondary data was collected from standard OPD register in which all patients that presented in the ou...
Rana Khurram Aftab1*, Farhat Ijaz2, Samia Jawed3
...t and obesity are disorders of balance of energy affecting people of various ethnic groups, age and socio–economic statuses. It has been found that obesity is closely associated and correlated with hypertension. Preventive strategies for obesity may offer a cost-effective approach towards lowering blood pressure.
Objectives: To determine the frequency of obesity according to body mass index and waist hip ratio and its relationship with...
Farhat Ijaz1, Rana Khurram Aftab2*, Samia Jawed3
...els of inflammatory markers such as C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukins 6 (1L-6) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). Relation of TNF-α with obesity induced IR and T2DM is unclear as results obtained from different studies are very controversial.
Objective: This study was designed to compare TNF-α levels and insulin resistance in obese and non-obese type 2 diabetics.
Muhammad Kashif Munir1*, Sana Rehman1, Rizwan Iqbal1, Muhammad Saqib Saeed2, Muhammad Aasim1
...King Edward Medical University, Mayo Hospital, Lahore.
Methods: Sputum samples from 125 patients were collected from confirmed pulmonary TB patients who were not responding to standard regimen of first line anti-tubercular treatment. Smears were stained by Ziehl-Neelsen method. All specimens were processed for culture and drug sensitivity by drug proportion method using ...
Quratul Ain Tahira1*, Sidrah Lodhi1 and Sajid Abaidullah2
... skills in resident doctors.
Methodology: This comparative cross sectional study was conducted on medical floor in Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Resident doctors (RDs) including house officers (HOs) and postgraduate residents (PGRs) were divided into two groups for lecture based learning (LBL) and modified team based learning (mTBL) on the topic of “health promotion and d...
Sahar Naz1, Farhan Rasheed2, Muhammad Saeed3*, Shagufta Iram4 and Ambereen Anwar Imran5
... against MβL producers.
Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in Microbiology Laboratory,Allama Iqbal Medical College,Lahore, Pakistan from 1stJuly 2016 to 25th February 2017. A total of 12126 clinical samples were collected from patients presenting to Jinnah Hospital, Lahore. Every sample was processed for bacterial culture. Bacterial identification was performed according to standard guid...
Munir Ahmad1, Aisha Hameed2*, Saba Khaliq3, Hamid Saeed Malik4 and Shahida Mohsin5
...ically important parameters of good prognosis. The objective of this study was to detect the frequency of TEL-AML1 fusion oncogene in ALL and its association with already established prognostic factors such as age, WBC count and FAB subtype.
Materials and Methods: Sixty-six patients with newly diagnosed ALL were studied and patients on chemotherapy and T-ALL were excluded. The data was analyzed by SPSS20 f...
Muhammad Nusrullah*1, Muhammad Younus2 and Yasir Nasir3
...n which is not fully reversible and it can lead to respiratory failure.
Objective: To determine the correlation between arterial and venous blood gases in patients presenting with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
Material and Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted at Department of Chest Medicine, Mayo Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan. After meeting the inclusion criteria, 100 patients were enrolled. Informed con...
Faisal Masood*1, Ranjit Kumar Sah2 and Ahmad Humayun Sarfaraz3
...nagement of volar Barton’s fracture by Faisal Technique.
Methods: A total of 10 cases of volar Barton’s fracture fulfilling our inclusion and exclusion criteria were included in our study from August 2015 to August 2016. These cases, presented at our department, were managed with closed reduction under image intensifier by dorsiflexing the wrist and reducing ...
Shumaila Irum1, Muhammad Zafar Iqbal*2 and Fatima Naumeri3
...s upon benefits to learners and this further facilitates the learning processing. The most commonly used tool, to measure it, is Dundee Ready Educational Environment Measure (DREEM).
Objective: This study was designed to evaluate the perceptions of medical students in pre-clinical years about educational environment in a public sector medical college of Pakistan and to compare the DREEM scores with previou...
Naveed Rashid*1, Muhammad Aamer2, Uzma Malik3, Nimra Arif4, Muhammad Waqar Akram5 and Ayesha Irshad6
...roups of 25-45, 65-85 years.
Conclusion: Despite good understanding and adequate attitude, few practices were not being followed in parallel to the knowledge acquisition. Therefore, regular reminder and periodic evaluation of practical aspects of AVF care is recommended for each ESRD patient visiting for hemodialysis.
...
Muhammad Younus1*, Sabah Usman2 and Samia Jawed3
...nary function tests (PFT’s).
Material and Methods: This cross sectional comparative study was conducted at the Institute of Chest Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan. One hundred and twenty individuals consisting of 60 obese (30 males, 30 females) and 60 non-obese (30 males, 30 females), fulfilling the inclusion criteria, were enrolled through non-probability purposive sampling...
Mumtaz Akhtar, Iffat Naheed, Khadija Waheed* and Amna Khanum
... be 29.89±5.89 years while the mean gestational age was 38.86±1.38 weeks. Postpartum haemorrhage was observed in 35.45% cases. Blood loss was recorded in patients with a mean of 374±134.91 mL. Statistically, a highly significant difference was observed between the blood loss and postpartum haemorrhageamong the patients (i.e. p-value=0.000). A low frequency of postpartum hemorrh agein women experiencing normal vaginal delivery after misopro...
Muhammad Anwar Iqbal1, Habib Rehman2, Ali Hussain3,*, Faiza Jabeen4, Ijaz Ahmad2, Kamran Ashraf5, Muhammad Irshad Arshad6 and Omaima Khan7
...on zoo-technical parameters, visceral organ weights, serum mineral levels and caecal concentrations of E. coli and Clostridium spp. in Japanese quail (Coturnix coturnix japonica). Japanese quail (one-day old; n = 1320) were taken and randomly separated into four groups (n = 320), having 8 replicates (n = 40) in each group. Corn-based poultry feed (basal diet) was given to control group birds (Group A) and the same feed mixed with three dif...
Bo Wu1, Hui Zhang2, Kun Li2, Khalid Mehmood2,7, Yan Zhao1, Bin Jiang1, Chengjun Xue3, Muhammad Tariq Javed6, Fazul Nabi2, Zhaoqing Han5,* and Houqiang Luo4,*
... respectively. For the first time, we investigated the seroprevalence and the immunization schedule of FMD in pigs and our results indicated serious concern with an uneven seroprevalence of this infectious disease in studied region. The best immunization time found was 40 days of age, with booster at 60 days of age....
Ayesha Noreen1, Dilara A. Bukhari2 and Abdul Rehman1,*
...y numerous external factors, and play an important role in cancer growth and metastasis. ROS and tumor cell interaction could activate the signalling pathways, promoting cell proliferation, invasion, inducing angiogenesis, inflammation and cellular transformation in cancer. A better understanding into the mechanism of ROS in cancer progression might be useful for the development of biomarkers<...
Maryam Javed*, Farwa Saghir, Naveera Aziz, Maham Saeed, Asif Nadeem and Wasim Shehzad
... primer set. Then Sanger’s method of DNA sequencing was used. Multiple sequence alignment demonstrated that sheep and goat were having the wild base Guanine against which the cattle and buffalo depicted the mutant form Adenine. Results of this study illustrated the genetic tendency of large domestic bovines towards aggression and attack, so they should be handled with great caution.
...
Irshad Ali1, Mohammad Masood Tariq2,*, Abdul Waheed2, Ferhet Abbas Yousafzai1, Farhat Abbas Bokhari1, Majed Rafeeq1, Muhammad Ali1, Muhammad Adnan Attique1, Shahid Amin3 and Tahir Hameed1
...gical, biometric parameters, its production system, and survival in the existing habitat. The data on morphology and performance of 1020 Bhag Nari (BN) cattle were collected from Bhag Nari cattle Farm, Usta Mohammad Baluchistan during 2015-16 and its surrounding areas. Some distinct characteristics have been found exclusively in Bhag Nari breed. These characters are rare in other local breeds of the area such as tick re...
Nuzhat Huma1, Fozia Ghaffar1, Saima Rafiq2,*, Imran Pasha1, Aysha Sameen1, Imran Hayat2 and Imtiaz Hussain2
...resent investigation covers the chemical composition, nitrogenous compounds and protein fractionations of casein and whey proteins of milk from different dairy animals like buffalo, cow, sheep, goat and camel. The buffalo and sheep milks have comparatively higher fat, solid-not-fat and total solid contents than other milks. Maximum whey proteins were found in the sheep milk (0.78%) whereas cow milk had lowest contents (0.54%). Non-casein-nitrogen (NCN) content...
Azmat Hayat Khan Khattak1, Muhammad Nauman ul Islam1, Muhammad Shakir Khan1, Muhammad Iqbal1, Imtiaz Ali Shah1,Sheeraz Ghani1, Amjad Ali2, Zubina Hameed1, Mohammad Farooque Hassan3 and Tariq Ali1,3,*
...n ABC.
...
Hanif Ur Rahman1, Umer Saddique1, Zahoor-ul-Hassan1, Shakoor Ahmad1, Muhammad Kamal Shah1, Said Sajjad Ali Shah1, Farhan Anwar Khan1, Fazli Rabbani2, Muhammad Asif Hussain2, Attaur-Rahman2, Irshad Ahmad3,4 and Sadeeq ur Rahman2,*
...lative abundance of members of MM in small ruminants suspected of CCPP in Northern region of Pakistan. A total of 300 samples, (150 sheep and 150 goats) were randomly collected from nasal discharge, pleural fluid and lung tissues, and streaked into Pleuropneumonia like organism (PPLO) medium for isolation and identification of Mycoplasma species. Confirmed mycoplasma isolates were subjected to species specific PCR to identify membe...
Sana Rafique1, Hina Saqib1, Khushi Muhammad2, Nazia Akbar2, Abdul Rauf3, Muzafar Shah4,*
...as obtained from patient’s record, filled forms and through questionnaire. Total 1332 blood samples were collected from 3 tehsils of District Mansehra. Out of which, 725 were found positive for dengue fever infection. Out of 725 positive cases, 410 (56.5%) were males and 315 (43%) were female’s patients. The high rate of DENV infection was found in the age group of 10-20 years ...
Jahangir khan* and Abbas Ullah Jan
...study measured household’s willingness to pay for pesticides-free fresh fruits, produced locally, such as Apple. For data collection, a sample of 200 households was randomly selected from urban and rural region of Peshawar district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. Sampled households were interviewed face to face. An open-ended CVM question was designed to elicit households’ willingness to pay (WTP) and a linear re...
Rafa Almeer1,*, A. Alqarni1,2, S. Alqattan3, S. Abdi4,*, S. Alarifi1, Z.Hassan5 and A. Semlali6
... of three tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinase (TIMPs) and two matrix metalloproteinase (MMPs) were measured by real-time PCR. All subgroups exhibited altered morphology with accelerated detachment compared to untreated cells. The MTT assay after 48 h revealed that treatment with H1 and H2, reduced cell viability by 48% and 91% respectively, compared to that of untreated cells. These results suggest that anticancer effect of Sidr and Wild honey corresponds t...
Kashif Akbar* and Muhammad Ayub
... physicochemical parameters showed decreasing trend like ash (0.80-0.73%), fat 24.23-23.94%), protein (8.20-7.68%), fiber (6.47-6.38%) while NFE increased slowly (57.86-58.60%). The color of the cookies ranged from F0-F6 (6.88-6.93), taste ranged F0-F6 (6.82-6.04) and texture ranged F0-F6 (6.91-6.15). Maximum overall acceptability was recorded in F2 (7.32) proceeded by F0 (6.99) whereas minimum mean score was recorded in F6 (6.37) proceeded by F5 (6.47). ...
Matiyar Rahaman Khan1,*, Sabayasachi Pal2, Amit Singh2, Ashok Dhananjaybhai Patel3, Bhagubhai Ambaram Patel3, Tushar Manohar Ghule2 and Victor Phani1
...tehead, 1968 which was first time described on citrus from Delhi, India. The species is further characterized based on detailed morphological, morphometric descriptions and beta-esterase phenotyping. The present study elucidated information on M. indica for its easy detection, diagnosis, dimension of damages on citrus, and Bt-cotton under Indian conditions.
...
G. Venkatesan* and Amit Kumar
... challenges as control perspectives in India. ...
Mudassar Javed1,Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1,*, Muhammad Sufyan1, Sajjad Ali2 and Muhammad Afzal1
...ty ‘Pusa Sawani’ under field conditions during 2015 and 2016 in a randomized complete block design. The average number of lepidopterous larvae in plots treated with the synthetic insecticides was 1.87 and 2.12 larvae/plant in 2015 and 2016, respectively, compared with 6.5 larvae/plant in untreated control plots. For the botanicals, an average of 2.57 and 2.92 larvae/plant was recorded in 2015 and 2016 respectively, compared with 4.12 in untr...
Tanveer Hussain1,*, Masroor Ellahi Babar1, Marcos De Donato2, Abdul Wajid1, Asif Nadeem3, Zahoor Ahmad3, Waqas Ahmad Khan4, Sunday O. Peters5 and Ikhide G. Imumorin6
...dus Valley were the centers of domestication and diffusion of modern day cattle. To better understand the origin and genetic diversity of native cattle breeds (Bos indicus) in Pakistan, partial sequencing of the mitochondrial gene cytochrome b (339 bp) was done in 136 individuals from 10 different breeds. Analysis of the Cyt b gene showed high conservation in Pakistani cattle as exp...
Kamran Khan1, Sarzamin Khan2, Nazir Ahmad Khan2,* and Naseer Ahmad2
...his study provides the first dataset on carcass yield and quality, physicochemical characteristics, and FA profile of indigenous rabbits and shows that supplementation of flaxseed favorably modulates the FAs composition of rabbit meat, with no negative effect on their growth performance and meat physicochemical quality.
...
Wang-Dui Basang1, Tian-Wu An2, Luo-Bu Danjiu3, Yan-Bin Zhu1, Shi-Cheng He3, Xiao-Lin Luo2, Wei-Wei Ni4, Xiao Wang4, Shu-Zhu Cheng4, Jian Wang4 and Guang-Xin E4,*
... we investigated the diversity and phylogeography of four geographic ecotype populations of the Naqu yak (133 individuals) using an 811-bp mitochondrial DNA D-loop region sequence. In total, 57 polymorphic sites, including 54 single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 3 single-nucleotide copy number variants, and 59 haplotypes were detected. The number of haplotypes within the population ranged from 17 (SN and JL) to 28 (DX). The haplotype dive<...
Riaz Aziz Minhas1,*, Muhammad Nasim Khan1, Muhammad Siddique Awan1, Basharat Ahmad1, Syda Shaista Bibi1, Mohsin Hanif1 and Afsar Mian2
...AJK.
...
Zhu-Mei Ren1,*, Xu Su2, Carol D von Dohlen3 and Jun Wen4,1,*
...le. The new species differs from the other Nurudea species in the length and proportion of antennal segments, the structure of antennal secondary sensilla, and the flower-like shape of the galls that are formed on its primary host. Its primary host plant is Rhus hypoleuca, whereas other Nurudea species are on R. chinensis.
...
Ayesha Aihetasham, Saira Shariq and Javed Iqbal Qazi*
...ungal species from cadavers of notorious subterranean termite, Heterotermes indicola. Virulence of Rhizopus stolonifer isolate and resultant variations in food consumption of H. indicola workers were evaluated over a period of one month by employing surface culture method. Following different time exposures, R. stolonifer significantly produced epozootics on the tested insects, with resultant decr...
Muhammad Khalid1,2 and Muhammad Naeem2*
...ater contents showed inverse relationship with % protein (dry and wet body weight), % ash and % organic contents (wet body weight). Wet body weight (W) showed negative correlation (P < 0.001) with percent water, percent fat (dry and wet body weight) and positive correlation with percent protein, ash (wet and dry weight). Total length (TL) showed positive correlation with water, fat, ash, protein and organic content (dry and wet body weight). Condition facto...
Fiaz Ahmad1, Mumtaz Hussain2, Ghulam Abbas1, Muhammad Jawad Asghar1 and Muhammad Rizwan3*
... and development are adversely affected by different abiotic stress especially lead and water stress. Therefore, present study was conducted with the aim to investigate the response of two mungbean varieties to three different Pb2+ concentrations under two water stress conditions. Different morpho-physiological and yield traits were studied. Both varieties showed gradual reduction in morphological traits at increasing concentration of lead and water stress. Mo...
Md. Abu Affan1,*, Abdulmohsin Al-Sofyani1, Adnan Jaman Turki2 and Mohammed S.B. Hariri3
...bia. There are many factors for a sudden fish die-off in a water body such as toxic discharges, low dissolved oxygen (DO), temperature, salinity, pH, ammonia, turbidity, pesticides, toxins, and diseases. The study was carried out to find out the reasons of sudden fish killing. Therefore, physico-chemical and biological parameters, and postmortem, especially the gills and gut content of dead fishes were studied. The dead T...
Manzoor Hussain*, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...as conducted in a grower’s field naturally infested with Meloidogyne incognita in Layyah District. Six okra genotypes, including 19,224; 19,235; Pusa Swami; Ikra-1; Ikra-2; and Sabzperi China Red, were selected from our previous study according to their galling index and level of susceptibility. These genotypes were used as test genotypes for the interaction between M. incognita and the entomopathogenic fungus, Lecanicillium musca...
Mutassim M. Abdelrahman1,*, Ibrahim A. Alhidary1, Gamaleldin M. Suliman1,2, Abdullah H. Alyemni3, Mohamed Y. Al-Saiady3, Faisal A. Alshamiry1,Mohsen M. Alobre1 and Riyadh S. Aljumaah1
... value for the feed conversion ratio of lambs fed TMR2 compared with other dietary groups. There were no significant differences (P>0.05) between lambs fed TMRs with different levels of NDF for slaughter and body components parameters, except empty stomach (TMR2) and chill shrink (TMR1). Furthermore, the meat color (L*, a* and b*) values of lambs fed TMR2 were numerically higher compared with other groups with variable si...
Syed Aun Muhammad1, Muhammad Soaib Said2, Shams Ur Rehman2, Muhammad Dawood2, Muneer Ahmed Qazi3 and Nighat Fatima2,*
...ative bacteria are today’s major worldwide health concern because of production hydrolytic enzyme New Delhi Metallo-β-lactamase (NDM-1). The enzyme NDM-1 is responsible for bacterial resistance against almost all the β-lactam antibiotics. Therefore, NDM-1 inhibitors can play an important role against these emerging highly resistant microorganisms. The existing beta lactamase inhibitor...
Ai Guo1,2,3, Jiaguang Xiao4, Binbin Shan4, Tianxiang Gao5 and Yongdong Zhou3,*
...
...
Dilshad Ahmad1*, Muhammad Irfan Chani1 and Muhammad Afzal2
... output. Adequate farmer’s friendly policies and proper legislative measures are necessary for the smooth flow of increasing agriculture output and overcoming financial constraints. ...
Fazal Munsif1, Muhammad Zahid1, Muhammad Arif2, Kawsar Ali3 and Ijaz Ahmad1
... Campus Mardan, The University of Agriculture Peshawar. The experiment was consisted of traditional cultivation of sugarcane both in winter season (20th September, 10th October, 30th October and 20th November) and spring season (20th February, 10th March and 30th March). Randomized complete block design was used having four replications. The sub-plot size was kept 5m × 5 m having six rows with length of 5 m. The effect of different planting dates reveale...
Mohammed Zaki Fathy*
...on hematological parameters and cardiopulmonary parameters in xylazine pre-medicated Baladi Egyptian donkeys. Eighteen apparently healthy donkeys were divided into two equal groups. All animals were injected with xylazine HCl 2% (1.0mg/Kg) as pre-medication drug intravenously. Then in the first group (G1), was injected by the propofol (2mg/Kg intravenously) while in the second group (G2), ...
Raphael Olanrewaju Babatunde, Adeyemi Esther Omoniwa and Miriam Ukemenam
...institutions over the years to bridge the gender gap in schooling among children and increase enrolment in schools, most children are still found outside the walls of the classroom especially in rural areas. This research assessed how inequality in gender as it regards schooling among children affects the income as an indicator of livelihood of farming households in Kwara state, Nigeria. A sampling technique comprising of three stages was used to randomly sele...
Shahen Shah1*, Manzoor Hussain1, Arshad Jalal1, Mohammad Sayyar Khan2, Tariq Shah1, Muhammad Ilyas1 and Muhammad Uzair3
...esearch Farm in the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan during winter 2014-15. The experiment was designed in RCBD with split plots arrangement, replicated four times. Three levels of nitrogen (N) (90, 120, 150 kg ha-1) were allotted to main plots, while combination of sulfur (S) levels (15, 30, 45 kg ha-1) and application timings (100% at sowing, 100% at tillering and 50% at sowing + 50% at tillering) along with a control were allotted to the sub pl...
Irfan Ali Sabir1, Saeed Ahmad1*, Muhammad Nafees2, Ahmad Sattar Khan1, Maryam3 and Ishtiaq Ahmad2
...mango in the last few years. Low yield and poor quality are considered the major limiting factors in export. Therefore, some high yielding good quality exotic mango cultivars were acclimatized in the country and a comprehensive research studies were executed to investigate the yield potential, fruit physico-chemical characters and sensorial aspects. Dive...
Muhammad Siddiq1*, Sahib Alam2, Hamid Ullah Shah2, Zafar Iqbal2, Kalsoom Siddiq3 and Taufeq Ahmad4
...e aforementioned parameters were recorded with 60:40% blend. The frying frequency of the oil blends also significantly (p<0.05) affected the sensory attributes of potato chips. Generally, the sensory quality of the product was enhanced with consecutive use of the same oils for up to three sessions. However, it is recommended that further studies on the repeated frying practice on the same oil sample beyond three sessions should be undertaken to draw more co...
Ansaar Ahmed1, Imtiaz Hussain2*, Ibni Amin Khalil3, Subhanulla3, Gulzar Ahmed3, Imtiaz Ahmad3 and Muhammad Imtiaz2
... practice in both the years. Overall comparison of maize – wheat cropping system showed that there were 16 and 22 percent water saving with bed planting in comparison with other practice in 2014-15 and 2015-16 cropping cycle, respectively. The study showed that farmer practice of manual planting of maize and broadcasting of wheat can be replaced with bed planting of maize and zero till drill planting of wheat, respectively to save water, labor and improv...
Muhammad Amir Maqbool1*, Muhammad Aslam1, Waseem Akbar2, Muhammad Waheed Anwar3 and Ehtisham Shakeel Khokhar1
...tive groups and no outliers were present. ...
Muhammad Haroon Hullio1,4, Abdul Ghani Lanjar2, Abdul Rahman Dhuyo3, Imran Khattri4 and Agha Mushtaque Ahmed4*
...d on a sample of 25 tillers covering all area from an acre in order to record the pest population randomly. Later, the pest population was also recorded at particular stages of rice (tillering, milking and booting) with effect of abiotic factors (temperature and relative humidity). In last, the varietal screening of 30 local rice varieties in term of pest population was observed. The data were collected for two rice growing ...
Amino Acid and Fatty Acid Composition of Freshwater Mussels, Anodonta pseudodopsis and Unio tigridis
Hülya Şereflişan and Beyza Ersoy Altun*
...the situation was vise versa for fatty acid compositions. The proportions of Omega-3 (n3) were higher than those of Omega-6 (n6) in both of the mussels. n6/n3 ratio, which was 0.90 for A. pseudodopsis and 0.99 for U. tigridis, is an index for comparing the relative nutritional value of seafood oil.Leucine and lysine were the most important proportions of the essential amino acids, and tryptophane was the minor one. The...
Azmat Hayat Khan Khattak1, Abdul Wasay2, Tariq Ali1,*, Muhammad Iqbal1, Khisrao Kalim1, Mohammad Farooque Hassan3, Muhammad Mobashar2, Nazir Ahmad2, Abid Iqbal2 and Muhammad Nauman ul Islam1
... calves (Achai crossed Jersey) were randomly distributed into three weaning age groups viz., A = 90, B = 70, and C = 110 days. In group A, calves were fed with whole milk at 10% of live body weight (LBW) for 4-7 days after initial colostrum feeding at 10% of LBW. From 8-30 days they received milk at 10% LBW + calf starter ration (CSR). During 31 to 63 days, milk at 10% LBW + CSR + green fodder (GF) was fed. Then, from 64-77 days they were fed milk at 5%...
Habib-ur-Rehman1*, Saima Mirza1*, Mansoor-ul-Hasan2, Qurban Ali3, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir4, Muhammad Yasir5
...ant materials (50 g powders of each of the plant was extracted on rotary shaker using four solvents viz.; methanol, chloroform, petroleum ether and n-hexane separately. Periodic analysis for the repellent effects was carried by impregnating each filter paper (half-disc of filter papers) with micropipette at three concentrations (5, 10 and15%) of each of the plant extract. The repellence was recorded after 24, 48 and 7...
Hafiz Manzoor Ahmad1,*, Hamad Bin Rashid1, Muhammad Arif Khan1, Asim Khalid Mahmood1, Muhammad Ijaz1, Shahid Hussain Farooqi1, Muhammad Rafi Ullah2 and Usman Ghani1
...ducks.
...
Adem Aksoy1, Yakup Erdal Ertürk2, Selim Erdoğan3, Ecevit Eyduran3 andMohammad Masood Tariq4,*
...g enterprises at Agri, Kars and Erzurum provinces of Turkey and to identify factors affecting honey production through CART, CHAID and MARS data mining algorithms, which are more flexible compared to classical approaches. Several potential predictors in the survey were age of enterprise, province of enterprise (Agri, K...
Jam Ghulam Mustafa Sahito1*, Tajwer Sultana Syed1, Ghulam Hussain Abro1 and Inayatullah Rajper2
...ttula and Scirtothrips dorsalis was recorded on weekly basis cotton grown with both green manure and IPM treatments. The green manure treatments suffered comparatively higher population of B. tabaci (0.83±0.09) and S. dorsalis (3.43±0.47) than IPM treatment with population of 0.46±0.05 whiteflies and 1.98±0.72 thrips, respectively. However, IPM cotton suffered higher A. biguttula biguttula populat...
Muhammad Sajid Mahmood1*, Muhammad Ashraf1, Ijaz Ahmad2, Muhammad Khubaib Abuzar3, Sohail Latif4 Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar5 and Waqas Ahmad6
...al was conducted at University Research Farm, Pir Mehr Ali Shah, Arid Agriculture University Chakwal Road, Rawalpindi to find out the influence of barley water extract alone and in combination with low doses of pendimethalin (pre-emergence) for weed control in mungbean during summer season, 2009. The treatments were: Control (weedy check), Hand weeding (30 and 45 DAS), Pendimethalin herbicide @ 1.5 kg a.i. ha-1 (recommended ...
Muhammad Zahid1, Naeem Iqbal1, Sohaib Muhammad2*, Summiya Faisal3, Wajid Mahboob3, Makhdoom Hussain4 and Zaheer ud din Khan2
...rop growth and yield occurs when it encounters extreme water shortage. In order to reduce the adversities of drought, glucose was exogenously applied at various phenological stages on wheat variety “AARI-11” and desiccation tolerance potentials were assessed through growth, yield and physiological attributes. Glucose was supplied in various concentrations (0, 5, 10, 25 and 50 m...
Saima Siddiqui1*, Ghulm Hussain Abro1, Tajwar Sultana Syed1 and Abdul Sattar Buriro2
...(0.57) and (0.66) predators per plant during 2011 and 2012, respectively. The studies indicated that on average maize intercropped with cotton as trap crop resulted in the lowest density of jassid, thrips and whitefly and the higher population of predators, G. ochropterus, Orius spp. and Zanchius sp. per plant. ...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2,*, Rashid Mushtaq1, Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2, Sumaira Maqsood3, Ishita Ahuja4 and Atle M. Bones4
...s observed at early instars. Against second instars of S. litura, LC50 values of NPV isolate ranged from 1.92×103 to 3.64×103OB/ml with LT50 values of 69.30 h to 72.80 h, respectively. This study showed highly effectiveness and provides an opportunity to cut down the use of synthetic approaches and develop safe biological/microbial insecticides from NPV isolates,...
Ghulam Abbas1, Khalid Pervez Akhtar1, Muhammad Ahsan2, Muhammad Jawad Asghar1, Fiaz Ahmad1 and Muhammad Rizwan3*
...or mung × mash interspecific recombinants. In this study, 72 mung × mash interspecific recombinant genotypes and a susceptible mungbean variety Mung Kabuli were screened against Yellow Mosaic Disease (YMD) using disease severity ratings by visual scoring of symptoms to calculate percent disease index (PDI). Tested recombinants responded differently to the disease. None of the tested genotypes was found to be dise...
Dan Yü, Chuchu Li, Yü Huang and Zhen Huang*
...of T. hamatum offers a promising and effective co-formulation product or alternative to chemical fungicides in controlling popcorn disease of mulberry.
...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1*, Muhammad Zeshan1,2, Mumtaz Hussain1, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1, Muhammad Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahmed1 and Sabir Hussain Shah3
...ected for growth parameters and yield contributing traits. It was observed that source of nitrogen has no significant difference on growth or yield while the N placement timing significantly affects these traits. Results showed that most efficient N placement timing is split dose of fertilizer at T3 (½ at 1st irrigation and ½ at flowering) for either urea or CAN fertilizer. ...
Arifa Mehreen1, Iram Liaqat2,Muhammad Arshad3, Muzzamil Waheed4 and Najma Arshad1,*
...egies.
...
Binbin Shan, Yan Liu, Changping Yang, Shengnan Liu and Dianrong Sun*
...apped 25 different clusters of eukaryotic proteins. In addition, a total of 17,671 unigenes were classified into 311 KEGG pathways. Finally, we predicted the coding sequences of 13,072 unigenes and obtained 9,222 SSRs in the present study. The whole transcriptome is an important foundation for future genomic research on the P. penicillatus and can provide comprehensively understanding and further characterizati...
Adem Aksoy1, Yakup Erdal Ertürk2, Ecevit Eyduran3 and Mohammad Masood Tariq4,*
...ted to define vital factors on final fattening live weight (FFW) on cultural beef cattle enterprises from Eastern region of Turkey. Predictive performances of Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) and Chi-Square Interaction Detector (CHAID) were evaluated comparatively in the definition of significant factors and interaction effects between the...
Ali Karabayir1,*, Nazan Arifoğlu2 and Mustafa Öğütcü3
...pendent. Lower feed conversion ratio was observed for chickens provided with disinfectant supplemented drinking water. When considering the live weight gain (LWG) monitored through the 10-week trial, it was found out that the live weight gain of the Australorp and Village strains were negatively affected by disinfectant addition, while the live weight gain of the Plymouth strain was not affected by addition of disinfectant. In the present study, it was shown t...
Ali Sher1*, Khalid Naveed1, Gulzar Ahmad2, Ayub Khan1, Muhammad Saeed1 and Shah Masaud1
...earch Institute (CCRI) Pirsabak, Noweshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2014-15 and 2015-16 to study the response of wheat to N, Zn and Fe application. Treatments included three levels of N (90, 120 and 150 kg ha-1), three concentrations of Zn and Fe (i.e. 1, 2, 3 kg ha-1) each along with two controls i.e. no micro nutrients no water (control-I) and no micro nutrients + water (control-II). The N was soil applied and MN as foliar spray at booting stage....
Iqra Arooj1,* and Shahida Hasnain2
... Some of their risk factors are smoking, obesity, diabetes, family history, high blood pressure etc. Previous genome wide association studies have identified association of large number of loci with risk of CHD in different populations. The purpose of this study was to determine the association of 6q25.1/rs6922269 and 9p21.3/rs1333049 loci with risk of CHD in a population of Punjab provinc...
Muhammad Ishfaq1*, Nadeem Akbar1, Imran Khan1, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum1, Usman Zulfiqar1, Muhammad Ahmad1, Mumtaz Ahmad2 and Muhammad Umer Chattha1
...owing are important factors that can affect crop stand establishment, yield and yield-related attributes along with quality of direct seeded rice. Farmer field-based experiment comprised two soil moisture regimes at the time of sowing: (M1 = Sowing in moist (field capacity) condition, M2= Sowing in dry condition) in main plots, while three different row spacings (S1: broadcasting, (no defined row spacing) S2: 11.25 cm row spacing, S3: 22.50 cm row spacing) wer...
Naeem Ahmad1,* and Zulqurnain2*
...itical decision for farmers. The purpose of the present study was to compare the growth performance of two GIFT strains (GIFT-Th, imported from Thailand; GIFT-Tw, obtained from a local hatchery) in two earthen ponds, fed with commercially available feed. Similar feeding regime and physical conditions were maintained for both treatments. It was found that there was no significant difference in final total length (TL) and standard length (SL) of the fish in both...
Gokhan Sahin1, Ecevit Eyduran2,*, Mete Turkoglu3 and Fatma Sahin2
...obal irradiation parameters (Hd: average daily sum of global irradiation per square meter and Hm: average annually sum of global irradiation per square meter), several predictors viz. ESTLOSTEMP (estimated losses due to temperature and low irradiance), ESTLOSANGREF (estimated loss due to angular reflectance effect), and COMPVLOSS (Combined Photo Voltaic system losses) were calculated. Estimation of global irradiation paramet...
Shoukat Ara1, Sheikh Adil2,*and Manzoor Ahmad Khan3
...and internal egg parameters under different treatments were statistically non-significant (p>0.05). In conclusion, Azolla is beneficial at lower levels in improving the performance of grower chicken but had no effect on the number of eggs laid. Further, Azolla inclusion in the diet showed an improvement in the shell quality of eggs which could prove beneficial in decreasing the incidence of egg breakage and thereby maximizing profits. The A...
Asinamai Athliamai Bitrus1*, Olabode Mayowa Peter2, Muhammad Adamu Abbas3 and Mohammed Dauda Goni4
... aureus being a highly versatile pathogen can quickly acquire resistance genes. The development of resistance in bacteria predates the era of antibiotic use. However, resistance developments in S. aureus have been reported since the early 1940-ties, when penicillin resistant S. aureus was first reported. Ever since, this pathogen has gain global notoriety as the most common cause of nosocomial, community and livestock associ...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2 and Mujahid Iqbal3
...A sample size of 60 farmers was selected by systematic sampling technique using the available list of the farmers provided by Agricultural Extension Department. The respondents were than randomly assigned into two groups, one group was comprised of experimental group (to whom a set of advisory instructions were sent by mobile phone) and other was control (face-to-face). Two- population independent t-test was applied for comp...
Rida Zainab1, Sana Elahi1, Afshan Kaleem2,*, Daniel C. Hoessli3, Mehwish Iqtedar2, Roheena Abdullah2, Faiza Saleem2, Shanza Khan1, Anusha Ijaz1, Shagufta Naz2 and Abdul R. Shakoori4,5,*
...al disorder in which a person suffers from emotional and intellectual disturbances. First generation antipsychotics for Schizophrenia were replaced with by second generation ones with less side-effects like Parkinsonism and Hyperprolactinemia. A novel, computer-based drug designing technique, has emerged to develop more efficient drugs. One of the computational methods becoming increasingl...
Junaid Akhtar1,2, Sidrah Saleem1, Naveed Shahzad3, Abdul Waheed1, Iqra Jameel1, Farhan Rasheed4 and Shah Jahan5,*
Aftab Khan, Shahid Ali, Syed Attaullah Shah and Muhammad Fayaz
...et revenue of maize growers across Northern, Eastern, Central and Southern zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. 200 maize growers were randomly selected through multistage sampling technique. Primary data on net revenue from maize crop was collected through an interview schedule and secondary data on temperature and precipitation was collected from Regional Metrological Department, Peshawar. Cross sectional Ricardian Model...
Ashraf Khan1*, Suliman Shah2, Maid Zaman3 and Komal Habib2
...percent decrease after first and second spray, respectively. Decline in overall population recorded from 91.73 to 13.20 and 17.40 to 4.43 percent after multiple sprays, respectively. All the insecticides endowed withstatistically significant control of citrus psylla comparable to untreated plants. ...
Muhammad Faheem Jan1*, Asad Ali Khan1, Waqas Liaqat1, Haseeb Ahmad1, Muhammad Dawood Ahmadzai1 and Wazir Rehan2
...c and inorganic fertilizers is necessary for sustainable crop productivity. Field trial was performed at Agronomy Research Farm of The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. Two factors were studied i.e. hybrids (DK-Garanon, Pioneer-3025, WS-666, and Pioneer-3164) and potassium ratios (Organic vs inorganic). The organic source includes poultry manure (PM) while inorganic so...
Iqbal Javed1*, Amar Razzaq2, Mudassar Yasin3, Muhammad Ali Imran4, Haroon Javaid5, Iftikhar Nabi6, Anum Sardar1 and Shahbaz Ahmad7
... 2015. Although Pakistan’s meat industry is performing well however, there is more potential in the sector of livestock and hence for the exports of meat to all over the world. The study in hand is designed to explore the current performance and competiveness of meat industry of Pakistan. Keeping the importance of the meat industry of Pakistan, the study in hand is conducted to explore the mutton exports from Pakistan and to figure out the potential mark...
Madiha Naz1, Qudrat Ullah Khan1*, M. Jamil Khan1, Obaid Ullah Sayal2, Asim Afridi3 and Aziz Ullah Sayal3
...ic soil applied fertilizers. The results of the study showed significantly higher number of branches, chlorophyll content in the treatment recieving inorganic fertilizers, the manures in combination with foliar NPK was comparable. The yield attributes showed that ten fruit weight were greater in the soil applied inorganic fertilizer and it was statistically at par with treatments recieving manure with foliar NPK. Number of f...
Dilara A. Bukhari1,*, Naureen Fatima1 and Abdul Rehman2
...B.t. serover kurstuki. The toxicity bioassays with B.t. spores proved that seven B.t. isolates harboring cry11 gene (viz., NF B.t.,1,2,3,4,5,6,7) were toxic to 3rd instar larvae of mosquito, Aedes aegypti. Among seven B.t. isolates, three isolates NF5 B.t. 7.2, NF1 B.t. 1.1 and NF2 B.t. 4.2 were found most toxic which were isolated from moist soil containing decaying...
Nusrat Habib1*, Asim Zubair2 and Aisha Siddiqua3
...e role of different factors that were affecting the area and yield of sunflower in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, multiple regression analysis was applied. The model pointed out that the area under sunflower have opposite relation with the seed cost, land rent, area under tobacco, area under sugarcane and price of sunflower seed, while positively related to the area under sunflower with the variables such as total operational holding, sunflower yield and sale price of su...
Muhammad Khan1,*, Amara Maryam2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1 and Yongming Li3,*
...tudy, we found for the first time that Baohuoside I (BHS-1), a natural flavonol glycoside inhibits BaP-induced A549 lung cancer metastasis by modulating the expressions of p-STAT3, COX-2, MMP-2, MMP-9, E-cadherin and N-cadherin. Moreover, we found that chronic BaP exposure promoted migration without enhancing the proliferation of cells and BHS-I was equally toxic to both BaP-treated and untreated A549 cells. Taken together, the data of present study indicate t...
Saif Ullah and Mohammad Akmal*
... Research Farm, the University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. Nitrogen (40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1), P (30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) and S (10, 20 and 30 kg ha-1) were compared in a randomized complete block design in three replications. Plot (4m x 4.2m) with six rows were made and planted at 0.7m spacing on ridges. Results revealed that N 120 kg ha-1 resulted in the maximum days to flowering, leaf chlorophyll content, capitulum diameter and grains includin...
Safina Naz1, Muhammad Akbar Anjum1, Saeed Akhtar2, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi3* and Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4
...ater deteriorates or lowers the quality and increases heavy metal contents of vegetables. ...
Muhammad Javed Iqbal and Muhammad Naeem*
...th, pelvic fin length, dorsal fin length and caudal fin length also showed highest values; 1.56±0.09, 1.36±0.09, 1.72±0.15 and 2.27±0.13 respectively in T1. Length-weight increment order in various treatment groups was T1>T2>T3>T4>T0. Highly significant correlations (p<0.01) were noted when log total length and log wet weight were plotted against each other and with log values of all external morphometric variants exc...
Safina Naz1, Khushbo Hussain1, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar2* and Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi3
...cal and chemical parameters gave significant response. NAA promotes vine length upto 12.66 feet while chlorophyll content was 72.50 SPAD Value, while fresh weight of leaves is 5.1g, dry weight is 0.41g, while fresh weight of fruit is 121.66 g and fruit length is 14.11 cm. Salicylic acid promoted vine length upto 11.33 feet while chlorophyll contents were calculated as 71.09 (SPAD Value), while fresh weight of leaves was 4.9g, dry weight was 0.38g while fresh w...
Mian Noor Hussain Asghar Ali, Liaquat Ali Jamali, Shakeel Ahmed Soomro*, Shakeel Hussain Chattha, Khalil Ahmed Ibupoto, Naseer Ahmed Abbasi and Noor Mehdi Qumi
...osses of quality parameters during sugar recovery process are of severe problems which are caused by delayed transportation with unfavorable storage conditions. Keeping the fact in view a study observing post-harvest losses of sugarcane was carried out at the Department of Farm Structures, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam. Freshly harvested SPF-234 sugarcane variety was collected and stored for 10 days under two differ...
S. Jalbani1, P. Khan2 and N.T.Narejo2,*and Y.M. Jalbnai3
...effect on growth parameters of R. rita reared in cemented cisterns during June to August 2016. Three stocking densities with 10, 20 and 30 fish/1.25m2 cemented cisterns were maintained and growth of fish was observed. Significantly highest growth in terms of weight gain was recorded with density of 20 fish /cistern (26.4 g) as compared with cistern containing 10 fish (11.7 g) or 30 fish/cistern (8.8 g). The survival and specific growth rates ...
Shafaq Fatima*, Sumrin Sahar and Khalid Lone
... values of these parameters were observed at different stages of gonadal development. T and 11-KT played key role in progress of testicular development and final maturation in June however, spawning in captivity was not observed. Role of P and 17α-HP was identified more as substrate of sex steroids. Higher levels of sex steroids suppressed the synthesis of cortisol presumably interfering with pituitary-inter-renal axis.
...
Zain ul Abidin1, Aisha Khatoon2, Abdul Whab Manzoor1,*, Nida Arooj1, Sajjad Ali1 and Muhammad Numan1
...culation test (MIT). Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) performed for both samples gave a product of 443-bp amplifying the highly conserved “N”-region gene of virus confirming the rabies infection in both cases.
...
Haroon Rashid1,*, Khushi Muhammad1, Masood Rabbani1, Muhammad Sarwar Khan1, Tasleem Ghori2, Mamoona Chaudhry3, Hamad Bin Rashid2, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir1, Muhammad Hamid Chaudhary4, Muhammad Asad Ali1, Mian Muhammad Khubaib Sattar5, Javed Muhammad1 and Bhushan Jayarao6
...e was found positive others districts (Gujranwala, Sargodha, Sahiwal, Faisalabad and D.G Khan) showed no association.
...
Iqbal Ahmad Alvi, Muhammad Asif, Rabia Tabassum, Zaigham Abbas and Shafiq ur Rehman*
Impacts of Climate Change on Livestock and Livestock Produces: A Case Study of Banke District, Nepal
Anish Shrestha* and Samata Baral
...mote areas. No sector, person or region is free from impacts of climate change and neither is livestock sector. This study was carried in Banke district to find out impacts of climate change on livestock and its productivities. Result showed that farmers perceived the climate change as change in rainfall pattern, rainfall duration, onset of the monsoon, and changes from summer and winter etc. Some farme...
Tariq Aziz1, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil1, Quaid Hussain1,3*, Tariq Shah2,3, Nazir Ahmad1 and Amir Sohail1
...widely cultivated cultivars (Pirsabak-08 and Janbaz) at University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2013-14. All wheat genotypes (8 parents and 12 F3 populations) showed significant differences for all traits. Cultivar Janbaz had maximum spike length (13.9 cm) and maximum number of grains spike-1 (89.2). Parental line B-IV(N)5 had maximum single spike weight (4.6 g), 100-grain weight (4.6 g...
Amtur Rafeh, Rana Manzoor Ahmad, Ayesha Iqbal, Abdul Majid Khan*
...ated upper and lower molars. The antilopine genus Gazella has great diversity from Middle Miocene to Pliocene from Africa to Eurasia. The morphological characteristics indicate this genus as a conservative bovid with simple morphology.
...
Wajid Ali1,*, Asma Karim1, Muhammad Irfan2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir3*, Ghulam Mustafa4, Zeeshan Shafique1, Ijaz Anwar1
...ogy were taken after 96 hrs. After acute exposure to pesticide, significant changes were observed in serum biochemistry and histology. Serum glucose and cholesterol were increased while total protein was decreased. Histopathological result reveled that gills of experimental fish was damage severely resulting Necrosis, Damaged nuclei , rupturing of epithelial cells, Mucous cells and severe lamellar fusion. It was concluded that, deltamethrine is highly toxic fo...
Muhammad Abu Sufyan Ali, Syed Attaullah Shah*, Ghaffar Ali and Muhammad Fayaz
...ial and commercial units’ construction. Farmland potential for commercial or residential use creates a value expectation and it capitalizes into farmland price. The value, however, does not influence farmland rents. For control in loss of fertile agricultural land, the study recommends the imposition of progressive taxes on residential and commercial properties and diversion of funds for development of agricultural inf...
Rahim Dad Brohi1,*, Amir Bukhsh Kalhoro1, Allah Bux Kachiwal1, Illahi Bux Kalhoro1, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro1, Sarfaraz Ahmed2, Farhan Anwar Khan3, Hira Sajjad Talpur1, Zia-ur-Rehman1 and Dinesh Bhattaria4
... on the measured parameters it also concludes that propofol is preferably recommended as safe therapy than thiopentone sodium for the surgical operations. Moreover, anesthetic regimens can safely be used in sheep in field as well as hospital conditions.
...
Lamiaa Elsayed Mokhtar Deef
... here reported for the first time from the south-eastern of Egypt (Gebel Elba). This species is greatly distributed across central and eastern Africa. The exact identification of species is fundamental for an efficient assessment of changes related to the appearance of non-native species in an environment. The biometrics and molecular markers were used to confirm the identification of A. albiventris at the species lev...
Faxiang Wang, Yan Chen, Sai Chen, Xianghong Li, Jian Yu, Jianhui Wang and Yongle Liu*
...days of storage. Protein’s surface hydrophobicity and total SH content increased during the first 4 days and then decreased gradually up to 10 days. The Ca2+-ATPase activity of protein decreased gradually during the storage period. The high MW proteins easily degraded during the cold storage, and the proteins with low MW were relatively stable but still gradually degraded. So the key time point for cold stor...
Qaisar Mehmood1*, Muhammad Riaz2, Maqbol Hussain Sail1 and Muhammad Moeen1
... based on the input factors which has positive effect to increase the production of wheat. Variety, seed type, date of sowing, sowing mode, Urea fertilizer, DAP fertilizer, irrigation mode, numbers of irrigations and number of weedisides sprays are chosen as input factors. Descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression model and analysis of variance techniques are used which show that ...
Shamsher Ali1, Zakir Ullah Jan1*, Zahir Shah2, Muhammad Jamal Khan2, Farmanullah Khan2, Inayat ur Rahman3 and Shah Fahad3
...research trial at farmer’s field was conducted to study the production competition of hybrid (CS-200, cv) and local variety (Azam cv.) under the same application of fertilizer treatment and dozes during summer 2015. The field experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements having two maize varieties in main pot and six levels of fertilizer treatments in sub pots repeated four times. Fertilize...
Yasir Ali1*, Muhammad Aslam Khan1, Muhammad Atiq1 and Muhammad Hussain2
...t wheat and durum cultivars and related local species using different molecular approaches. This review provides a detailed discussion of the different aspects for controlling three rust diseases caused by P. recondita Rob. exdesm f. sp. tritici , P. striiformis West. f. sp. tritici, P. graminis Pers. f. sp. tritici and the importance of race specific and non-specific rust resistance genes in in global wheat varieties. This ...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Bushra Hassan2, Nadeem Anwar2, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel3 and Shafique-ur-Rehman4
...fting of certain indicators of development and satisfying the needs of fragile groups of rural communities. This study examined socio-economic factors of rural life which contribute in economic prosperity. A list of union councils and villages in tehsil Sargodha was obtained from local district office of the Population Welfare Department. All rural families live in tehsil Sargodha served as population in the study. Tehsil Sa...
Haozhen Liu1, Xiangfu Li2, Yinong Wang1,*, Xun Liu3,4, Li Wang1, Dong Liu1, Chen Chen1, Jinjing Li1, Haifeng Jiao5 and Zhongjie You1,5
...wledge of abundance, diversity and multivariate structure of macrobenthos in the East China Sea of Xiangshan and elucidate main environmental variables that shape their spatial patterns. The environment of the study area has significant spatial heterogeneity. Environmental variables of sediment and water column were studied to provide models for spatial patterns of macrobenthic assemblages. Result showed that most of variation in macrobenthic spatial patterns ...
Li Lv1, Liuan Li1,*, Ruibo Zhang1, Zhichao Deng1, Tianming Jin1 and Gaimei Du2
... contrast, these parameters initially increased and subsequently decreased for the high-dose group. Increasing levels of selenium supplementation proportionately increased egg white, egg yolk and total egg selenium levels, as well as egg production (P < 0.05). Dietary supplementation with selenium enriched yeast increases the egg white, egg yolk and total egg selenium levels, as well as egg production of North China hens (P < 0.05). This ef...
Xiaojie Ding, Xiling Sun, Zuien Wang, Qiusheng Zheng, Xiaofei Yu, Wenjin Hao, Kejun Wang, Wenjuan Xu and Zhengping Dong*
Raza Ullah Khan*, Ahmad Khan, Mohammad Zameer Khan, Fayyaz Hussain and Sonia Saba
... on plant growth parameters (plant height, biomass and grain yield) was collected at the end of the experiment taking as an average of the three replications. Nutrients such as K, P and selected micronutrients concentration in shoot and root were determined once after harvest of crop and shown as mean of three replications. Results showed that different combination of P yielded significant response in plant growth parameter. It was found that split application...
Qiang Li1,2, Guo Qiao2, Li Wang1, Jipeng Zhang1, Ruijun Li1, Ping Ni1, Yi Guo1 and Shigen Ye1,*
...igated the bacterial diversity and Vibrio harveyi distribution associated with diseased fugu (Takifugu rubripes) in northeastern China from January to December in 2014. The main clinical signs included fin ulceration, skin darkness, hepatohemia and intestinal hydrops. Totally, 104 diseased live fish were collected and 70 strains isolated from naturally diseased T. rubripes. Most isolates were obtained in May, September and December. The is...
Ali Murad Rahoo1, Tariq Mukhtar2,*, Barkat Ali Bughio3 and Rehana Kanwal Rahoo4
...ria mellonella cadavers may differ among different species of EPN and hosts of various sizes. Therefore, the objective of conducting the present study was to compare the productivity of two EPN (Steinernema feltiae and Heterorhabditis bacteriophora) in G. mellonella larvae of different sizes. The size of G. mellonella had significant effect on the emergence of IJ. Significantly greater numbers...
Şehriban Çek Yalnız 1,* and Erdal Yilmaz2
... was hypertrophied and persisted to form the interstitial cells, whereas the granulosa cells were regressed and disappeared. Erythrocytes and leukocytes were also detected at the advance stage of atresia. Apoptosis in the granulosa cells were clearly detected. The chromatin condensation against the nuclear envelope, cell shrinkage, surface blebbing and generation of apoptotic bodies by cell fragmentation were evidence of apo...
Peng Xu1, Bin Liu1,2, Yongqiang Zhao3, Shicheng Lv3 and Changhu Lu1,*
... within 2, 4, 6 and 7 years earlier in December and February of the following year. Combination of the highest interpretations of the climate variables on population size included mean air temperature in January of the following year 6 years earlier, precipitation in January of the following year 7 years earlier and mean air temperature in December. Our results highlighted the importance o...
Amar Razzaq1, Abdur Rehman4*, Abdul Hassan Qureshi2, Iqbal Javed3, Raheel Saqib5 and Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal6
... collected from 120 farmers located in Nurpur Thal, Bhalwal, Sargodha and Lodhran districts of Punjab province. These areas were purposively selected based on relatively higher concentration of HEI infrastructures installed on the farms. Sprinkler irrigation system was mainly installed on wheat crop while the drip irrigation systems were installed on mango orchards. Therefore, one half of the sample consisted of modern and conventional farme
Sajad Ali1*, Syed Asghar Ali Shah2, Jaffar Ali3, Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal4, Arshadullah Jadoon5 and Farmanullah6
...r related promoting rehearses, categorize the scenario of socio-economic, methodical and marketing restraints faced by the farmers in augmenting and stimulating export of the country. The pea’s cultivators and also market agents were quizzed by using structured questionnaires in two related districts that is Haripur and Mansehra in the year 2013-14...
Soumble Zulfiqar1, Khuram Shehzad1, Sana Tahir1, Khalid A. Al-Ghanim2 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1,2,3,*
...opper induction. Time course study revealed a bimodal pattern of expression with two maxima, first at 15 min and second at 90 min exposure time. The role of CueO in copper detoxification as well as its laccase activity makes it suitable for biotechnological applications.
...
Saima Shahzad Mirza1,*, Hafiz Muhammad Qamer2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir3,*, Rana Shoaib Akram4
...s of age with their mothers’ literacy level, employment, physical and financial health. This study was conducted at Kishwar Fazal Teaching Hospital Lahore in an OPD pediatrics. For this purpose, cross sectional survey data of 34 conservative mothers was analyzed, obtained by means of questionnaire. Initiation of weaning process at proper time is found to be somewhat finance limited f...
Nimra Naseer, Adeela Fatima and Imran Sajid*
...esence of unique and diverse metabolic compounds. The study predicts that the seactinomycetes strains are a potential resource to cope up with evolving multi drug resistant pathogens. Furthermore, these secondary metabolites can be identified by comparative studies and these actinomycetes can be grown on larger scale to obtain high yield of potentially useful secondary metabolites.
...
Fan Shuli1*, Ameer Hussain Jarwar1,3, Xiaoyan Wang2, Long Wang1 and Qifeng Ma1
...in Pakistan during the first decade of this century to moderate harmful effects of lepidopterous insects; which were causing major loss to the cotton production ultimately to the economy of the country. Currently the genetic modified cotton cultivation consumed for more than 95% area under cotton cultivation. There are certain pros and cons about the issues being faced by the cotton growing community of the country raising concerns for Bacillus thuringiensis c...
Merica Slišković1, Meta Povž2, Marina Piria3,*, Goran Jakšić4, Ana Gracanin5 andGorana Jelić Mrčelić1
...ed that sichel specimens’ were well adapted to the environmental conditions. Positive allometry in both males and females were observed (W = 0.004 L3.119). This represents the first LWR dataset for sichel. The morphometric and meristic traits values from this research add to the limited data that is presently available. By comparing historical and recent data on sichel distribution, we observed...
Asad Ullah1, Umar Sadique Khattak2, Sultan Ayaz1, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi2, Imad Khan1, Ibad Ullah Jan2, Irfan Khattak1, Raheela Taj3, Sahar Nigar4, Naimat Ullah Khan1,Mumtaz Ali Khan5 and Muhammad Luqman Sohail6,*
...and associated risk factors of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) among large ruminants of the five districts (Peshawar, Nowshera, Charsadda, Mardan and Swabi) located in the central zone of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), Pakistan. A total of 2400 large ruminants were sampled by convenience sampling approach and tested by comparative cervical intradermal tuberculin test (CCIT) for detection of Mycobacterium bovis infection. Data re...
Qudrat Ullah1,*, Huma Jamil1, Zafar Iqbal Qureshi1, Muhammad Saqib2 and Heinrich Neubauer3
... trade barricade and adversely affects the productive and reproductive capabilities of animals. This study was planned to investigate the sero-prevalence of Coxiellosis and its relationship with some important risk factors in small ruminants kept at nine government livestock farms of Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 1000 blood samples (500 each from goats and sheep) were collected from animals kept at the respective livestock fa...
Bushra Qadir1, Muhammad Asim2 and Mohammad Akmal1*
...mized design at the University of Agriculture Peshawar during winter 2013-14. Periodic growth sampling was taken by harvesting three pots of treatments starting in early spring and thereafter during tHEgrowth to the maximum five samplings to study roots and shoot growth. Averaged across varieties and extracts, results revealed that plant length (roots with shoot) was significantly (p<0.05) changed with a minimum at the thermal unit (TU) 677 to a maximum at ...
Bata Shalangwa Ishaku1*, Maimadu Abdullahi1, Dakwang Nalong1, Rengkat Jonah1 and Olabode Mayowa2
... animals older than 2 years than in those below 2years (31.3%) (P=0.022; OR=4.58). In sheep and goats, the prevalence based on sex was also higher in males (35.3%) and about five times more likely to occur than in females (17.9%) (P=0.015; Odds ratio=5.44). The seropositivity was also shown to increase with age and about five times more likely to occur in age >2 years (P=0.013; odds rat...
Moorthy S. Muthuswamy
...What role religious leaders play in causing this phenomenon is not well understood. To address this issue, I outline a novel theoretical framework for conceptualizing Salafi radicalism in terms of an underlying theme and its enablers. This proposal further divides radicalization processes into primary and secondary ones; the former are identified with the onset of radicalization in a commu...
Muhammad Israr1*, Saeed Ullah1, Shakeel Ahmad2, Asif Yaseen3, Urooba Pervaiz4 and Nafees Ahmad5
... perceptions of the farmers about the different dimensions of agriculture LD with the construction of LD index. For achieving this primary data was collected by proportionate random sampling techniques form 90 sampled farmers through face to face interview survey method by filling a questionnaire. Farmer’s perceptions on agriculture LD were measured through the extent of severity sca...
Abid Hussain1*, Muhammad Azeem Khan2, Muhammad Anjum Ali Buttar3, Umar Farooq4, Muhmmad Islam5 and Zahid Ullah Khan1
...ass benefits to the farmers by reducing input prices through reduction in GST, providing cash subsidy and supplying inexpensive feed gas for fertilizer industry. Currently, cash subsidy on urea is costing Rs. 12 billion to national exchequer and total tax relief (all products inclusive) costing around Rs. 40 billion to the national exchequer, respectively. Thus, total financial implication of subsidy and tax relief is Rs. 52 billion. In the existing tax regime...
Muhammad Luqman1, Raheel Saqib2*, Mujahid Karim1, Khalid Nawab2, Abdur Rehman3 and Muhammad Yaseen1
...ried out in 2016 at University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha. Data were collected from randomly selected 160 rural heads of households using interview schedule. Majority (76.2%) of the respondents were young (26 to 40 years). A significant majority (76.3%) were illiterate and only 23.8% were literate (Having more than five years of schoo...
Arshad Iqbal1*, Syed Mehar Ali Shah1, Hidayat ur Rahman1, Faiza Aman2 and Aziz-ur-Rahman1
...replications at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during 2016 rice crop growing season. Data were taken on some of the morphological traits like number of days to heading (days), number of days to maturity (days), flag leaf area (cm2), culm length (cm), panicle length (cm), primary branches panicle-1 (no.) and secondary panicle branches (no.). Analysis of variance showed highly significant (p ≤ 0.01) differences for parents, F5:6 lines and parents vs ...
Yuan Li1, Liyan Zhang2, Karhoe Loh3, Ji Feng1, Xinqing Zheng1, Puqing Song1 and Longshan Lin1,*
...alaysia. The genetic diversity of all P. minor populations was moderate, and two major haplotype lineages were detected that were differentiated approximately 0.3 million years ago. These two haplotype lineages differed significantly in frequency distribution of Chinese and Malaysian populations, showing an imperfect geographical pedigree structure. Results of AMOVA also showed that the genetic differentiation was mai...
Ocheme Julius Okojokwu1*, Maryam Bisola Adebayo2, Bashiru Shafa Abubakar3, Ibrahim Abubakar Yusuf2 and Joseph Aje Anejo-Okopi1
... determine the risk factors associated with acquisition of the virus. A total of 326 blood samples were collected from consenting pregnant women who were attending antenatal clinic in Abuja, Nigeria. Structured questionnaire was used to obtain data on socio-demography and risk factors. The sera were obtained from samples were analyzed for IgG and IgM antibodies of human parvovirus B19 using SERION ELISA Classic Parvovirus B1...
Saeed Ahmad Shah Chishti1, Mudassar Iqbal1*, Nusrat Parveen1, Kashif Nadeem1, Muhammad Iqbal1, Umbreen Shahzad2, Rana Husnain Shabbir1 and Muhammad Najeebullah1
..."text-align: justify;">Sarsabz, a high yielding, well adapted and bold-seeded pea variety was evolved by hybridizing two varieties Meteor and Lampo at Vegetable Research Institute, Faisalabad Pakistan. The variety was tested in replicated varietal/ station yield trials and multi-locational trials from 2001 to 2014. Sarsabz gave higher green pod yield (8.52 t/ha) than existing pea varieties i.e. Pea-2009 (7.51 t/ha) and Meteo...
Shaista Naz1*, Noor Paio Khan1, Naveed Afsar2 and Ashfaq Ahmad Shah3
... are the prime contributors of agriculture sector including livestock across the developing world including Pakistan. However, their extent of participation (time allocation) and constraints in livestock management have not been properly explored yet. To fill in the gap, the present research study was carried out to determine women’s participation in the types of livestock rearing, their livestock possession, participa...
Asif Nawaz* and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...ld Assistants diploma course. ...
Monsif Ur Rehman1*, Hidayat-ur-Rahman1, Muhammad Iqbal2, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil1 and Zahir Shah3
...a mays L.) is the most versatile crop among cereals that grows well in a wide range of environments. Promising maize populations (and their hybrids) could be used as a source for inbred line development as well as cost-effective alternatives to single-cross hybrids. This study was aimed at determining combining ability and grain yield performance of S1 lines derived from ten maize populations. These populations were crossed in half diallel design and the resul...
Sher Nawab Khan* and Ghulam Hassan
...tion. Eight wheat cultivars including a land race were crossed in 8×8 full diallel fashion during 2014-15 wheat growing season. In the succeeding crop season all the 56 F1 hybrids and their parents were evaluated during 2015-16 to study inheritance pattern of yield and yield related traits at Peshawar-Pakistan. Data were generated on spikelets spike-1, spike length (cm), days to heading and grain yield plant-1. Significant differences were present for al...
Aneel Salman1, Muhammad Iftikhar ul Husnain1, Inayatullah Jan2*, Muhammad Ashfaq2, Mudassar Rashid1 and Usman Shakoor1
...r their sustenance. Farmers’ perception about climate change, current adaptation measures, and decision-making process is important for farmers’ successful adaptation strategies. Using data of 205 conventional farmers from three district of Punjab province, this study provides insights into farme
Amjad Ali1, Abbas Ullah Jan1, Lal Almas2, Noor Piao Khan1 and Khurran Nawaz Saddozai1
...or agricultural researchers and policy makers in Pakistan. In current study allocative efficiency of sugarcane growers in district Charsadda was worked out with frontier model. Randomly 118 sugarcane growers were interviewed during crop season 2014-2015. For survey data a pre-tested structured questioner set according ...
Ambrin Rajput*
...growth and yield parameters. The maximum plant height (85.00 cm), pods plant-1 (43.8), seed index (455 g per 1000 grains), seed yield (1896.0 kg ha-1), total biomass (5205 kg ha-1), straw yield (31050 kg ha-1), protein (15.77%), shoot N, P and K (2.1, 0.3 and 1.3 %) concencentration and N, P and K uptake (95.3, 16.4 and 49.9 kg ha-1) were recorded by combined application of N, P and K fertilizer application. However, the minimum values were obtained from contr...
Mushtaq Hussain Lashari1*, Fozia Afzal1 and Umer Farooq2
...of hematological parameters blood samples were collected. The mean values for hemoglobin (Hb), Packed Cell Volume (PCV), Red Blood Cells Count (RBC), Mean Corpuscular Volume (MCV), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin (MCH), Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration (MCHC), White Blood Cells count (WBC), Heterophils (%), Eosinophils (%), Basophils(%), Monocytes(%), and Lymphocytes(%) values of negative chickens were 9.43±0.49 g/dl,, 25.81±1.34%, 1.84&plus...
Waqas Ali* and Mudasser Habib
...akistan during recent years. Moreover, only one residue of VP1 region was under positive selection pressure for serotype A (position 141) located in known critical antigenic region but as a whole protein was under negative selection pressure for serotype O, A and Asia 1. Therefore, under mass vaccination campaigns and drastic environmental conditions strains under negative selection has the ability to make escape mutants. ...
Sabahat Noor*1, Shaukat Ali1, Hafeez-ur-Rahman1, Farhatullah2 and Ghulam Muhammad Ali1
...linity have the most adversarial effect on wheat production. In this study the T2 transgenic (At-DREB1A) and non-transgenic line of lasani-08 from single transformation event was exposed to 15 days drought and different levels of salt concentrations separately. Four parameters i.e. sugar contents, proline contents, chlorophyll contents and relative water contents were recorded and compared in transformed and non-transformed ...
Naila Chand1, Shamsullah1, Rafiullah1, Rifat Ullah Khan2, Muhammad Mobashar3, Shabana Naz4,*, Ebrahim Rowghani5 and Murad Ali Khan2
...histomorphology of broilers during starter phase. A total of 180 day-old broiler chicks were distributed into 3 treatments, designated as MOS-0, MOS-50 and MOS-100 having MOS at the rate of 0, 50 and 100 g/kg respectively. Each treatment was further replicated 3 times having 10 chicks per replicate. Treatment MOS-0 was kept as control and the birds in this treatment were fed on basal ration without alteration in feed contents while the other treatments MOS-50 ...
Kiran Aftab1,*,Muhammad Asim2, Muhammad Khalil Nawaz2, M. Adeeb Babar2, Muhammad Akbar Khan2 and Zaheer Ahmed3
...per also documents the first middle Miocene giraffid from the Kund locality of the Siwaliks. The lower sized giraffids preferred to inhabit the forested areas of the Siwalik.
...
Shagufta Naz*, Saima Sharif, Hafsa Badar, Syeda Fareeha Tauheed
...re found in age 21-30 years. IOP was found to be normal in most of the cases and also increases as age increases. Corneal thickness was decreased in 73.8% cases due to accumulation in corneal stroma. Careful clinical evaluation, early diagnosis, genotyping, genetic counseling and proper treatment (corneal grafting) are necessary for the restoration of optimal vision and should be done to avoid the severe outcomes caused by MCD.
...
Tahira Jamil*1, Mohammad Asghar1, Fatma Husain1, Haq Nawaz Bhatti2
... are the major risk factors involved in the development of cardio vascular diseases. Lovastatin is formed as secondary metabolic intermediate initiated by anion moiety (acetate) through polyketide chain reactions. The current work was put away to investigate the potency of Pleurotus strains for statin formation by cultivating them on lignocellulosic substrates (wheat straw, rice straw, banana stalk) in SSF for 8 days. Among Pleurotus species (...
Mohsin Iqbal1, Farid Asif Shaheen1*, Farah Naz2, Muhammad Usman Raja2, Muhammad Fiaz3 and Muhammad Nadeem1
...pea in storages and renders the grains unfit for human consumption. In current studies, entomopathogenic fungi, Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana were used as the bio-control agents against this economic pest and proved good alternatives to chemicals. Less number of eggs (2 per grain), more number of holes (8.3 per grain), less number of F1 adults (20.3 per jar) and more number of days (7) to 100% mortality of C. chinensis adults were recorded when...
İnan Kaya1,*, Muhitdin Yılmaz2, Müge Mavioğlu Kaya3,Abdulsamed Kükürt4 and Mahmut Karapehlivan5
...eta fish caught in Kars Creek were equally divided into five groups and acclimatized in separate tanks for 10 days. The fish were kept in tanks as follows: Group I (control) was kept in normal water. Group II, III, IV and V were kept in separate tanks containing 0.3 mg/L carbaryl, 0.6 mg/L carbaryl, 10 mg/L 2,4-D and 20 mg/L 2,4-D, respectively. The blood and liver samples were taken from the fish for biochemical studies at the end of the study period. Oxi...
Fehmeeda Fatima, Asif Nadeem* and Maryam Javed
...bp) to study genetic diversity and evolutionary characteristics of Sindh ibex. In this research, samples of Sindh ibex were collected from Kirthar National Park, Sindh, Pakistan, the gene of interest was amplified, PCR products were sequenced and data was analyzed. The results of genetic diversity indicated that Parsimony informative sites were found to be 11 while Singleton variable sites...
Muhammad Babar Khawar1, Muddasir Hassan Abbasi2*, Zillay Mariam1, Nadeem Sheikh1,2*
...eritoneally. After 24 hours of the injection, animals were euthanized and blood was drawn for further studies. Data were analyzed using one way ANOVA. Serological analysis of both Group 1 and Group 2 showed a significant decrease of various components including Cl- (P=0.0023), K+ (P=0.0002), Na+ (P=0.0001), total proteins (P<0.0001) and albumin (P<0.0001) when compared against control. Similarly, hematological analysis re...
Muhammad Zahid1, Aneela ZameerDurrani1, Muhammad Ijaz1, KhushiMuhammad1,Muhammad Usman1,*, Muhammad Husnain1 and Nadeem Kamal2
...asis of clinical biomarkers. Blood and mosquito samples were collected. Blood samples were processed through complement fixation test and RT-PCR, while mosquito samples were processed through RT-PCR. Overall prevalence of bovine ephemeral fever (BEF) in indigenous breeds of bovine was 63.33%, lower, than exotic breeds 64.66% which were found to be more prone to disease. In the case of buffalo breeds, prevalence was more in Nili Ravi buffalo, i.e. 36.6% ...
Mouslim Bara1,2,* and Luciano N. Segura3
...ed as ecological indicators to monitor natural habitats and wetland changes. Climate is widely recognized as a major predictor of bird abundance and richness along large-scale environmental gradients, but mechanisms by which climate influences the bird abundance are still unknown. We analyzed seasonal variations on the bird community structure of Rallidae and Anatidae families in the northeastern Algerian Garaet Hadj Tahar for three consecutive yea
Ashraf M. Mounir, A.N. El shahat* and A.M. Abdul Azeem
...n of Boswellia tears to achieve satisfactory microbiological quality and public health safety. Hence, examining the effect of gamma-irradiation on the contents of Boswellia oleo-gum resin and also investigating the role of gamma-irradiate frankincense aqueous extract (GFAE) against ISO-induced MI in rats were the two aims of this study. The total phenolic content and total flavonoids of frankincense has been significantly increased under the effe...
Tahira Batool1*, Nabila Roohi1, Athar Mahmud2
... were compared by Duncan’s Multiple Range (DMR) test. The findings of this study revealed L3 lysine regimen to be the best for improving the slaughter characteristics including weight of head, shanks, lungs, liver, gizzard, heart, and carcass yield comprising percent weight of breast and thigh.
...
Asma Sohail1*, Aina Rafique2, Kashif Sarfraz Abbasi1 and Maryum Arif3
...ities of date fruit powders from three varieties Zahidi, Aseel and Muzafati were investigated. The DPPH activity was significantly higher in Muzafati sundried date powder, whereas maximum phenolic and flavonoid contents were significantly higher in Muzafati freeze dried date powders. Results suggest that freeze dried date fruit powder had the highest potential to be used as functional foods as they are potential source of an...
Umair Riaz1*, Muhammad Ali Kharal2, Ghulam Murtaza3, Qamar uz Zaman4, Sana Javaid4, Hina Ahmed Malik3, Humera Aziz3 and Zafar Abbas1
...and abiotic stresses adversely upset plant growth and development via nutrient deficiencies, hormonal imbalances, ion toxicity as well as osmotic and oxidative anxiety. The most effective mechanism is the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites at cellular level which included organic compounds that help plants to cope with stress conditions by reducing the intensity of stress through enhancing antioxidants activities, detoxifying toxic ions, regulating the upta...
Asma Sohail1*, Kashif Sarfraz Abbasi1, Maryum Arif2 and Fatima Najam1
...ation, and other parameters like oxidation and UV rays. This limits the commercial application of these oils. To overcome such problems encapsulation could be a gentle approach. Prior to encapsulation, oil extraction was done by using five different solvents including ethyl acetate, n-hexane, methanol, diethyl ether and chloroform in which ethyl acetate yielded 53% oil. Pumpkin seed oil was encapsulated using gel entrapment i.e. extrusion method and indirect d...
Shoaib Nawaz1, Muhammad Razaq1, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar1*, Muhammad Sajjad1*, Syeda Aneeza Ubaid1, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar2 and Usman Haider1
...ed on weekly basis. In first week jassid population in control and ETL treatments was equal with non-significant difference between them while in calendar treatment population was significantly low. ETL and calendar base treatments give maximum yield because numbers of pest in both treated plots remain control. ...
Muhammad Arshad*, Sabeeta Jan, Sundas Awan, Samra Azam, Shiguftah Khalid and Muahmmad Ayub Khan
...effects of eight characters towards seed yield under field condition. Experiment was conducted according to RCBD design at NARC (National Agricultural Research Centre), Islamabad during year 2015. Data were recorded on Days to flower initiation, Days to flower completion and Days to maturity, 100 seed weight, oil content percentage and Seed Yield. Results of ANOVA revealed that there is remarked variation among all hybrids under study for seed yield and other ...
Adem Aksoy1, Yakup Erdal Ertürk2, Ecevit Eyduran3 and Mohammad Masood Tariq4,*
...>ADJ), and Pearson correlation coefficient between the actual and the predicted values in the response trait handled. The greatest importance order was obtained for age at the end of grazing period (100%), followed by weight at the end of grazing period, weaning age, birth weight and grazing period. To obtain the pasture revenue, weight at the end of grazing period was required to be heavier than 26.2 kg, and age at the end of the grazing period was...
Muhammad Latif2, Muneer Abbas1*, Faisal Hafeez2 and Dilbar Hussain2
...a was recorded after 24 hrs. 72 hrs. 7 and 10 days after spray application. Results indicated that all the insecticides gave significant control of both pests up to 72 hrs. of spray application. After this pest population was started to increase. In L. orbonalis spinetoram 120 SC (70 ml) gave maximum reduction 85.60 % followed by spinetoram 120 SC (50 ml) flubendiamide 480 SC and spinetora...
Ejaz Mahmood Ahmad Qureshi1,*, Amtul Bari Tabinda2, Seemal Vehra3 and Atif Yaqub4
...omenon responsible for persistence of the viruses during inter-epidemic period (s) of the disease. In the present study, distribution and seasonality of horizontally transmitted dengue viruses in Aedes mosquitoes was investigated in the metropolitan city Lahore, Pakistan during 2011, 2012 and 2013. Adult Aedes aegypti, were captured from nine towns and one Cantonment Board of the city using back-pack mechanical aspirator. Female mosquitoes were s...
Ghazunfar Rashid1, Muhammad Avais1, Syed Saleem Ahmad1, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq2, Rais Ahmed3,*, Mahboob Ali1, Muhammad Naveed-ul-Haque4, Mehtab Ahmad5, Mumtaz Ali Khan1 and Naimat Ullah Khan6
...ome for small dairy farmers in developing countries. Dairy animals fed with a fodder containing a balanced nitrogen contents produce high quality milk. Excess use of nitrogen fertilizers in the soil cause excess accumulation of nitrates in fodder, which is the main source of nitrate poisoning in dairy animals. In the present study nitrate contents in fodder crops, viz., Sorghum bicolor (Jowar), Pennisetum gl...
Jafar Aqeel Naqi1, Abdul Mateen1, Dilawar Hussain2,*, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2, Sajjad Hussain1 and Abuzar Tabasum1
... A total of 150 juvenile’s tilapia were taken randomly and divided into five experimental units (10 fishes per unit) with three replicates. Fish was hand feeded containing five different levels of garlic (T1, control) 2.5 (T2), 5.0 (T3), 7.5 (T4), and 10g/500g (T5) in powdered form. Fish were fed at 6% of body weight twice, daily. Feed utilization was estimated in terms of feed conve
Tariq Mahmood1,*, Ijaz Ahmad1, Faraz Akrim1, Abdul Hamid1, Muhammad Waseem1, Abid Hussain1 and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem2
...idae. In Pakistan it occurs in a wide range of rough, sloping and dry regions rising to the higher foothill valleys of the internal Himalayan ranges and western Himalayas and plains, Balochistan, and dry hillsides of the Punjab and Sindh. It is the “National Bird” of Pakistan, however, very little is known about its ecology and breeding in its native range in the north of the country. The present study investigated breeding ecology of the bird in i...
Tevfik Ceyhan1,*, Osman Samsun2 and Okan Akyol1
...s 0.3:1. The LWR parameters (a, b, r2) were computed as 0.0009 ± 0.50, 3.040 ± 0.32 and 0.902 ±0.40, respectively. The age of garfish was between 1 and 4 years. The estimated von Bertalanffy growth parameters with standard errors were L∞= 55.74 ±26.75 cm, K= 0.28 ±0.42, and t0
Muhammad Mohsin1, Dai Guilin1,*, Chen Zhuo1, Yin Hengbin1 and Muhammad Noman2
...overexploited which confers several economic disadvantages. In order to manage this fishery resource recommended target reference point (TRP) for MSY in Pakistani marine waters along the Sindh coast is between 1500-1700 t. Moreover, the harvest of this fishery resource beyond 1750 t should be considered as limiting reference point (LRP) which will result in economic loss.
...
Sajid Ali Khan1, Mazhar Hussain Ranjha1, Azhar Abbas Khan2,*, Muhammad Sagheer1, Amjad Abbas1 and Zeshan Hassan2
...erts)is one of the world’s most destructive pests of cereals, oilseed, malting, and other foodstuffs. Current studies were aimed to investigate the effect of essential oils of two different medicinal plants (Dhatura alba and Calotropis procera) against two different strains of T. granarium. Plant extracts were obtained by Rotary Shaker apparatus by using acetone as solvent. Four different concentrations 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% were prep...
Saba Irshad*, Aruba Muhammad, Ammara Muazzam, Farah Sarfraz Anmol and Rehman Shahzad
...‘Thalassemia Major’ patients.
...
Zafar Iqbal*, Farah Ansar, Zil-e-Huma
...iv>...
Nadia Khan1*, Abdul Waheed1, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Naveed Ahmed1, Zafar Iqbal2, Seemab Ali1, Madiha Bashir1 and Hina Gul3
...f inhibition in millimeters. Amoxicillin was used as a positive control. The results showed that Clavibacter sp. and E. coli exhibit resistant to the oil extract while Xanthomonas sp. displayed nil results. The present study thus reveals that either the used bacterial species are more resistant strains or the oil extract does not possess anti-pathogenic agent against tested bacterial species. ...
Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar*1, Shahid Riaz Malik1, Waqas Ahmad2, Muhammad Sajid Mahmood3, Muhammad Jawad1, Muhammad Asadullah1, Ijaz Ahmad4 and Muhammad Imran1
...ibutes like no. of clusters per plant, pods plant-1, biological yield, grain yield and harvest index, however it was statistically similar with planting time July 15 for all these traits. The interaction also exhibited significant results and G2S3 recorded highest yield than all other treatments. So, it can be concluded that genotype NCM-13 should be grown from 05 July to 15 July for maximizing the mungbean yield under rainfed conditions of the area. ...
Muhammad Kashif Asghar1, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar1,2*, Shahid Riaz Malik2, Waqas Ahmad3, Sumaira Zareen4, Safdar Ali5 and Abid Ali6
...omic Research Farm, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. The achenes of two different sunflower hybrids i.e. Hysun-33 and FH-331 were subjected to different priming treatments including hydropriming, osmopriming (with 1, 0.1 and 0.01 mM B) using boric acid as a source of B. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with factorial arrangement in triplicate run. Results from the experiment revealed that all the seed treatments significant...
Zubina Hameed1, Muhammad Azim Malik1, Safdar Ali1*, Muhammad Ansar1, Farina Shaheen1, Ijaz Ahmad2 and Khisrao Kalim3
...r weeds of rainfed wheat’s weeds and for this purpose, a field study was carried out from October, 2010 to April, 2011 at University Research Farm Pir Mehr Ali Shah-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan to evaluate the relative efficacy of different post-emergence herbicides viz. Clean wave 15 EO (Aminopyralid + fluroxypyre) @ 0.8 L ha-1, Aim 40 DF (Carfentrazone ethyl) @...
Tünay Kontaş Aşkar1,*, Şinasi Aşkar1, Olga Büyükleblebici2 and Murat Güzel3
...n CVL. And this is the first report for myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity in CVL. Therefore investigation of this enzyme activity in dogs with leishmaniasis may be used for the diagnosis and inflammatory changes in dogs with VL.
...
Amjad Islam Aqib1,*, Shagufta Nighat2, Rais Ahmed3, Saba Sana3, Muhammad Ameen Jamal4, Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar2 , Naimat Ullah Khan5, Mian Saeed Sarwar5, Muhammad Asif Hussain5, Asadullah5, Attaur Rahman5 and Sadeeq ur Rahman5,*
...M), associated risk factors, involvement and antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylococcus aureus in the development of SCM in District Faisalabad of Pakistan. For this purpose, a total of 384 goat milk samples were screened for SCM through surf field mastitis test (SFMT) and mastitis-positives cases were further investigated for isolation of S. aureus using standard procedures. Coagulase gene was PCR amplified from the clinical isolates to cate...
Nizam Uddin Jamali1, Asmatullah Kaka1,*, Pershotam Khatri1, Moolchand Malhi2, Muhammad Naeem3, Akeel Ahmed Memon1, Rameez Raja Kaleri4, Habibullah Janyaro5 and Dildar Hussain Kalhoro6
...ion of selenium. Four hours after dilution chilled semen was examined for post chilled semen quality, motility% (74.75±1.9), morphology% (86.62±1.2), membrane integrity% (87.87±0.6), live dead ratio% (87.62±0.7). After that samples were frozen for 24 hours, frozen thawed results showed motility (57.00±0.5), morphology (73.50±1.5), membrane integrity (70.00±0.01), live dead rat...
*Nageen Fatima1, Sadia Murawwat1 and Syeda Ameena Rizvi1
EVALUATION OF IMAGE COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES: AN IMPLEMENTATION OF TRUE COMPRESSION ON 2-D IMAGE
...o as performance parameters. Image compression by Huffman encoding, Embedded Zero tree Wavelet (EZW) and Set Partitioning in Hierarchical Trees (SPINT) technique is performed. The result showed that lossy techniques are reliable to save hardware memory consumption but having low CR ratio. In lossless techniques, CR ratio is higher and it uses more space to store compressed image. Proposed comparison between lossy and lossless techniques is supportive in choosi...
*Irum Javed1, Muhammad Asgher2, Sadia Noreen1, Humara Naz Majeed1 and Tanzila Sahar1
SOLID STATE FERMENTATION OF ASPERGILLUS NIGER FOR CITRIC ACID PRODUCTION USING AGRICULTURE RESIDUE AS SUBSTRATE
...acid....
Sadia Murawwat1, *Nageen Fatima1, Qandeel Iqbal1, Syeda Ameena Rizvi1 and Mehak Fatima1
ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING BEYOND CLASSROOM: CHALLENGES AND ANTICIPATED RESOLUTIONS
...n experience. These factors influence an Engineering graduate even after the completion of their undergraduate studies. After sorting these highlighted factors, this work has presented a framework for the improvement in EE as, modified curriculum, e-learning environment, conduction of internships and synchronization of institutes and industries. Moreover, new trends and pedagogical techniques to improve the status of techno-...
Nadia Sharif1, *Neelma Munir1 and Shagufta Naz1
MICROBIAL PRODUCTION OF ALGINATE
..., water soluble biopolymers. Alginate is a natural polysaccride that occur as 30 to 60% structural component of brown algae. Alginate favorable properties like ease of gelation and biocompatibility promote its applications in engineering and bio medical science....
M. Tariq Javed1, Nazir Ahmad2, Gulbeen Saleem3, Haleema Sadia4, Farkhanda Manzoor5 and Ghulam Hussain Dilbar
EFFECT OF AGE AND SEASON ON SEMEN CHARACTERISTICS OF BUFFALO BULL - A REVIEW
...aspects of semen parameters in buffalo bull at different age and in different seasons has been published with conflicting reports. An effort is made to review the literature gathered from different sources on semen characteristics in buffalo bulls which will be helpful to researchers and allied professionals in future research or policy planning. The review is bifurcated in different sections for easy unde
Muhammad Akram and Faheem Aftab
THIDIAZURON INDUCES IN VITRO BUD BREAK AND SHOOT DEVELOPMENT FROM NODAL EXPLANTS OF ORTHOTROPIC SHOOTS OF MAIDENHAIR TREE (GINKGO BILOBA L.)
...Similarly, all other TDZ’s concentrations below 1 uM were also effective in bud breaking and development of shoots with green and vigorous growth. The frequency of bud break was significantly reduced with the increasing concentrations of TDZ. There were 2 phases of callus formation on the explant, i.e., before bud break and after the break. The frequency of callus induction was highest (100%) at 5uM TDZ before bud break along the nodal region. The rate o...
Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Saiqa Andleeb2, Bushra Mazhar1, Anum Imtiaz1, Shaukat Ali2*
Assessment of antibiogram and resistogram of pathogenic bacteria isolated from irrigated wheat field water
...ffect of various parameters such as temperature and pH on growth of pathogens were also studied. Antibiogram and resistogram analysis were carried out through agar disc and agar well diffusion methods. Optimum temperature for growth of all bacterial strains was 37oC and pH 7 except Salmonella which had pH 6. Among all the antibiotics Oxacillin was less potent as three bacterial strains showed resistance against it while others
Hafiz Muhmmad Tahir1*, Rabia Yaqoob2
Comparing the efficiency of Taq DNA polymerase and PuRe Taq Ready-To-Go PCR beads in amplifying 12S and 16S ribosomal genes
... fresh and up to five years old tissue samples, were compared. Taq DNA polymerase was found to be less efficient compared to the PuRe Taq Ready-To-Go PCR beads for amplification of the 12S rDNA gene. However, difference in the efficiency of both procedures was not statistically significant for the 16S rDNA gene. Furthermore, Taq DNA polymerase was found only efficient for fresh samples while PuRe Taq Ready-To-Go PCR beads were equally efficient for both old an...
Phong Huy Pham
Nesting biology of a spider wasp Auplopus sp. (Hymenoptera: Pompilidae) in Vietnam
...sp. was on the wall corners or on the foundation of a desert house. The nest was constructed with a single row or two rows of 3 - 6 exposed mud cells, one of which was open. Each closured cell was provisioned with a single prey spider whose legs were amputated. The prey spiders were immatures of a species of the genus Heteropoda, family Sparassidae. Developmental time of egg, larva, pre-pupa, pupa, and pre-adult was 6 - 7, 1...
Tanzeela Riaz*†, Farah Rauf Shakoori, Syed Shahid Ali
Toxicity of phosphine against tolerant and susceptible populations of Trogoderma granarium collected from Punjab, Pakistan
...s of phosphine for 20 hours. Based on LC50 data, Gujranwala population was found to be most resistant to phosphine whereas Sargodha population was found the least resistant population. Gujranwala population required 113.5, 128.8 and 168.1% more phosphine concentration in 4th
Sumera Siddique1,†, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1*, Amtul Bari Tabinda2, Muhammad Irfan1
Screening of some agri-wastes for economical cultivation of Candida tropicalis SS1
...mploying different fruit’s peels. The C. tropicalis SS1 was cultivated in media containing 2% pulverized peels of apples, mangoes, water melon and bagasse singly as well as in eleven different combinations. The media were inoculated with 1% (w/v) suspension of 24 h old yeast cultured in nutrient broth. The strain grew best in water melon (WM) at pH 7.0 and 37 °C under non agitation conditions. The proximate analysis revealed that the water melon peel...
Muhammad Babar Khawar, Nadeem Sheikh*
Effect of paper industry leachate on various serological indices and serum proteins of wistar rats
...ious serological parameters and also interfere with the expression of proteins....
Mian Azhar Ahmad1†*, Nawab Mohammad Khan2, Asmatullah3
Anatomical variations of hepatobiliary triangle in patients operated laparoscopically for gallbladder diseases from Lahore and Sahiwal
...olecystectomy. Patients’ age was between 18-70 years, gender ratio was 1:3.5 with female dominance, mean operative time 99.6 minutes and patients remained admitted for 1–3days. The procedure was performed successfully in 91% of the cases. In 09% cases, a conversion to standard open cholecystectomy was necessary; the most common cause was unclear anatomy. Laparoscopic cholecyst...
Muhammad Tahir Waseem, Muhammad Awais Sarwar, Rana Manzoor Ahmad, Abdul Majid Khan*
Newly discovered fossil remains of Selenoportax vexillarius from Hasnot, locality of Siwaliks of Pakistan
...tax vexillarius. The molars have divergent styles and moderately developed median basal pillars while the crown in all specimens is slightly narrow at the bottom and broader at the apex....
Tahir Abbas*1, Khawaja Raees Ahmad2, Asmatullah3, Khalid Pervaiz Lone4, Muhammad Ali Kanwal2, Sadia Suleman2
Reno-hepatic protective effects of Jambul against chromium induced anomalies in mice
...eta;-sitosterol. The JFE’sprotective effects against heavy metals environmental toxicants especially Cr+6 is novel and cheapest; that should be sponsored for ethno-medicinal purpose....
Muhammad Mohsin Ahsan1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2*, Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar1, Arshad Ali3, Zafar Iqbal Kahan4, Kafeel Ahmed4
Intra- and inter-specific foraging in three scorpion species
...rarely feed upon on members of its own species....
Riffat Mehboob1*, Sami Ullah Mumtaz2, Zoya Manzoor3, Sajid Abaidullah2, Fridoon Jawad Ahmad1
Deranged biochemical and hematological profile of septicemia patients in Mayo hospital, Lahore
...le role of serum biomarkers of liver, kidney and blood in the diagnosis of septicemia. 101 confirmed patients of septicemia from a tertiary care hospital in Lahore were included. Liver and renal function tests were performed for all patients. Patients were divided into 3 age groups on the basis of age: 30-50, 51-70 and 71-90 years. In Liver function Tests, ALT (37.62%), AST (50.49%) and ALP (99%) were elevated, Bilirubin was...
Saiqa Andleeb* , Shaukat Ali
RNA interference; A tool for treatment of human diseases
... through RNAi. Some vectors and inducible systems are available now to treat numerous disorders. This review paper provides the basis for further development of RNAi technology as a drug therapy against various human disorders....
Farah Deeba, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir, Muhammad Irfan, Javed Iqbal Qazi*
Chitinase production in organisms: a review
...urable, richest biopolymers distributed widely in nature both in the terrestrial and marine environments. Chitinase are chitin degradable enzyme have control of phytopathogens, physiological functions and degradation of chitinous waste. Interest in chitin wastes utilization is increasing day by day because of its natural resistance against degradation. The review focused on different sources of naturally chitinase production in organisms was discussed....
Shagufta Andleeb*
Teratogenic potential of pyrethroids: a review
... extracted from the flowers of pyrethrums (Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium and C. coccineum) in late 1900s. An extensive data on multiple aspects of genotoxicity, carcinogenicity, mutagenicity, reproductive toxicology and neurotoxicology is available except teratogenicity. This review concludes the teratogenic potential of sublethal doses of different types of pyrethroids in various groups of animals in systematic way. On line available data interpretation thro...
Durr-e- Samin Tahir*, Waqar Nasir, Sarah Bushra, Fatima Batool
Height trends in the population of Rabwah, district Chiniot, Pakistan and comparison with WHO standards
...ntrolled by many gene pairs. It is influenced by environmental factors such as nutrition, disease and lifestyle. A study was carried out to compare the height trends of
the local population of Rabwah with WHO standards. A total of 4293 accurate observations (male=2084 female =2209) were recorded. The age group chosen for present study is 5-19 years which is the phase of growth and h...
the local population of Rabwah with WHO standards. A total of 4293 accurate observations (male=2084 female =2209) were recorded. The age group chosen for present study is 5-19 years which is the phase of growth and h...
Tasneem Ikram1, Asmat Salamat2, Muhammad Akbar Khan2, Muhammad Adeeb Babar*2, Khalid Mahmood2, Rabia Shahid2, Muhammad Akhtar2
Additional Fossils of Sivalhippus perimensis (Mammalia, Equidae) from the Late Miocene Siwaliks of Pakistan
...consists of isolated molars and premolars, which reflects all the
morphological features of Sivalhippus perimensis....
morphological features of Sivalhippus perimensis....
Haji Muhammad1, Zafar Iqbal1, Tanveer Akhlaq2
Length-weight, length-length relationships and condition factor of fishes of family cyprindae from the Indus River, Pakistan
...e. The results of K factors ranged from 0.645 – 1.836 also determine both
negative growth tendency in some fish species and positive growth tendency in other fish species. This study aimed
to incorporate some more information in the aquaculture sector of the country to depict the population conditions of
fish species in the Indus River....
negative growth tendency in some fish species and positive growth tendency in other fish species. This study aimed
to incorporate some more information in the aquaculture sector of the country to depict the population conditions of
fish species in the Indus River....
Mohammad Salim1, Arshad Javid2*, Ali Hussain2, Faiz-ur-Rahman3, FarmanUllah4, Hamidullah5
Distribution records of fruit bats Cynopterus sphinx and Rousettus leschenaultii from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...r />
reported for the first time from the study area. Pteropus giganteus is another new record from the region....
Muhammad Mohsin Ahsan1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2, Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar1
Effect of lunar cycle on active population density of scorpions, their potential prey and predators
...otential prey and predators were observed in the
field. The result showed that H. tamulus and A. finitimus were more active during dark nights compared to moonlight
nights; however, there was no obvious effect of the lunar cycle on the activity of O. odonturus. Young (Immature)
individuals of all scorpion species were always high in numbers at night, even under moonlight conditions. The
activity o...
field. The result showed that H. tamulus and A. finitimus were more active during dark nights compared to moonlight
nights; however, there was no obvious effect of the lunar cycle on the activity of O. odonturus. Young (Immature)
individuals of all scorpion species were always high in numbers at night, even under moonlight conditions. The
activity o...
Mohammad Salim1, Arshad Javid2*, Ali Hussain2, Faiz-ur-Rahman3, Hamidullah4
First provincial record of desert yellow bat Scotoecus pallidus (Dobson, 1876) from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
.... This paper documents first record of S. pallidus from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa....
Nasir Raza Zaidi1, Mian Waheed Ahmad1, Mahesh Gautam1, Riffat Mehboob2*
Risk factors for multiple sclerosis in Pakistani population- A crosssectional study
...nmental and genetic factors have been associated with MS. The aim of this study
is to identify the possible risk factors that are linked to MS in Pakistani population. This study was conducted in
Department of Radiology, Mayo Hospital Lahore from 2013 to 2014. The first hundred patients who came for
reporting MRI of the brain and had positive findings of MS were retros...
is to identify the possible risk factors that are linked to MS in Pakistani population. This study was conducted in
Department of Radiology, Mayo Hospital Lahore from 2013 to 2014. The first hundred patients who came for
reporting MRI of the brain and had positive findings of MS were retros...
Muhammad Moosa Abro1, Ali Murtaza Dharejo2, Muhammad Munif Khan2, Nadir Ali Birmani2, Saima Naz2*
Description of first record of Petasiger exaeretus Dietz, 1909 (Trematoda: Echinostomatidae) in avian host from Pakistan.
...t paper is to describe first record of genus Petasiger which was collected during systematic study of
helminths of Little Cormorant, Phalacrocorax niger of District Sanghar, Sindh, Pakistan. Petasiger exaeretus (Dietz,
1909) were identified from the intestine of Little Cormorant, Phalacrocorax niger on the basis of morphological
features including pear shaped body, maximum width at testicular level, 27 head collar spines, long fore-body, w...
helminths of Little Cormorant, Phalacrocorax niger of District Sanghar, Sindh, Pakistan. Petasiger exaeretus (Dietz,
1909) were identified from the intestine of Little Cormorant, Phalacrocorax niger on the basis of morphological
features including pear shaped body, maximum width at testicular level, 27 head collar spines, long fore-body, w...
Saima Naz*, Adil Ali Rajpar, Abdul Hameed Chandio
New Records of some Phthiraptera (chewing lice) of birds from urban areas of Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan
...wing lice of both suborders Amblycera and Ischnocera
included family Menoponidae and Philopteridae respectively were reported from different localities of Hyderabad city.
It was the first chewing lice survey that has been carried out in the region, which reported eight species of
Menoponidae and eleven species of Philopteridae. These species were Campanulotes compar (Burmeister, 1838),
Colpocephal...
included family Menoponidae and Philopteridae respectively were reported from different localities of Hyderabad city.
It was the first chewing lice survey that has been carried out in the region, which reported eight species of
Menoponidae and eleven species of Philopteridae. These species were Campanulotes compar (Burmeister, 1838),
Colpocephal...
Abbas Ali1, Muhammad Altaf2*, Muhammad Samar Hussain Khan3
Winter survey of birds at Keti Bunder, district Thatha, Pakistan
...t
of avifauna diversity and also noted the threats to the birds of Keti Bunder. To know the avian dominance and
diversity of Keti Bunder; we carried out at dawn and dusk in winter season (November, 2015 to February, 2016),
using direct and indirect methods. During the survey, total of 49 winter season bird species belonging to 33 genera
and 21 families were recorded. A total of 4280 birds were rec...
of avifauna diversity and also noted the threats to the birds of Keti Bunder. To know the avian dominance and
diversity of Keti Bunder; we carried out at dawn and dusk in winter season (November, 2015 to February, 2016),
using direct and indirect methods. During the survey, total of 49 winter season bird species belonging to 33 genera
and 21 families were recorded. A total of 4280 birds were rec...
Abir Ishtiaq, Muhammad Naeem*
Length-weight relationships and condition factor for farmed Catla catla (Hamilton, 1822) from southern Punjab, Pakistan
Zafar Iqbal*, Hafiza Madhia Imtiaz
Parasites of double tail goldfish, Carassius auratus L. imported to Pakistan
...protect the local biodiversity of
Pakistan....
Pakistan....
Asma Karim1, Wajid Ali1*, Noreen Ahmad1, Muhammad Irfan2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir3
Histological and biochemical study of liver of silver carp (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) after acute exposure to pyrethoride (deltamethrin)
...mpling was done after 96hrs for histology and
biochemical analysis [alanine amino transferase (ALT), and aspartate amino-transferase (AST)]. Liver histology
revealed that necrosis, nuclear pycnosis, hypertrophy of hepatocytes, vacuolization, nuclear atrophy and congestion
of blood vessels were observed as compare to control group. This result was also supported by the significant
increase in levels of hepatic enzymes AST and ALT in ...
biochemical analysis [alanine amino transferase (ALT), and aspartate amino-transferase (AST)]. Liver histology
revealed that necrosis, nuclear pycnosis, hypertrophy of hepatocytes, vacuolization, nuclear atrophy and congestion
of blood vessels were observed as compare to control group. This result was also supported by the significant
increase in levels of hepatic enzymes AST and ALT in ...
Dilara Abbas Bukhari1, Abdul Rehman2*
Isolation of bioactive compounds from exudate of edible fungus, Pleurotus ostreatus
...chemical groups of 2 esters, 4 alcohols, 3 benzoic acids, ketone, aldehyde, phenyl and amide groups containing compounds. Some of these may be classified into aroma containing compounds....
Hafiz Muhammad Awais Sarwar, Muhammad Tahir Waseem, Abdul Majid Khan*, Rana Manzoor Ahmad
Propotamochoerus hysudricus remains from late Miocene deposits of Hasnot, Pakistan
...eir morphometric characters. This is perhaps the only known species of the genus Propotamochoerus in the
Siwaliks. The specimens are collected from the outcrops of Hasnot type locality, Punjab, Pakistan. The present
findings will strengthen the previous records of the species Propotamochoerus hysudricus from the Late Miocene
Siwaliks of Pakistan. This species can act as a marker suid species of the Late Miocene Siwalik deposits....
Siwaliks. The specimens are collected from the outcrops of Hasnot type locality, Punjab, Pakistan. The present
findings will strengthen the previous records of the species Propotamochoerus hysudricus from the Late Miocene
Siwaliks of Pakistan. This species can act as a marker suid species of the Late Miocene Siwalik deposits....
Sadaf Niaz1, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Tanveer Hussain2, Asif Nadeem1, Misbah Hussain1, Riffat Mehboob3*, Fridoon Jawad Ahmad3
Mutation analysis of RING1 domain of Parkin in early onset of Parkinson’s disease in Pakistani patients-a pilot study
...s....
Muhammad Babar Khawar1, Muddasir Hassan Abbasi1, 2, Sana Fatima3, Khawaja Abdul Mujeeb2, Nadeem Sheikh1
Alterations in proteins and transaminases activity induced by thioacetamide in albino rats
...umber
of researchers. The current investigation was designed to evaluate changes in tissue and serum total proteins and
albumin along with urea, uric acid and serum transaminases activity after 12 and 24h of TAA administration in albino
rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=3) namely control group, 12h group and 24h group. Each
experimental group (12h and 24h) was administered 300 mg/ kg TAA intraperitoneally (i.p) w...
of researchers. The current investigation was designed to evaluate changes in tissue and serum total proteins and
albumin along with urea, uric acid and serum transaminases activity after 12 and 24h of TAA administration in albino
rats. Rats were randomly divided into three groups (n=3) namely control group, 12h group and 24h group. Each
experimental group (12h and 24h) was administered 300 mg/ kg TAA intraperitoneally (i.p) w...
Anam Javed, Javed Iqbal Qazi*
Skin health implications of Chemical detergents and importance of biodetergents
...e range of dermal disorders which are produced due to synthetic detergents. It has studied that ultimate solution of the grave issues, is common utilization of biosurfactants from domestic to industrial level. Biodetergents do not cause health complications, and as they are readily biodegradable so do not persist in environment. Our body’s protecting shield, the skin, has more chance...
Maleeha Manzoor1,2*, Ruijuan Ma2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Fouzia Tabssum1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1
Microalgal-bacterial consortium: a cost-effective approach of wastewater treatment in Pakistan
...val from wastes/wastewaters.
Agricultural wastes/residues generated abundantly in energy deficient countries like Pakistan, having enormous
energy potential, are not utilized efficiently and considered as wastes only. The present review focuses on the current
research on algal-bacterial consortia and the construction of consortia by keeping in view the environmental
conditions of country, suitable for microalgal growth to deal with ...
Agricultural wastes/residues generated abundantly in energy deficient countries like Pakistan, having enormous
energy potential, are not utilized efficiently and considered as wastes only. The present review focuses on the current
research on algal-bacterial consortia and the construction of consortia by keeping in view the environmental
conditions of country, suitable for microalgal growth to deal with ...
Zubair Ahmed#, Muhammad Farhanullah Khan, Habiballah Rana*
Toxicological effects of Haloxylon recurvum Bunge ex Boiss (Khar Boti) whole plant extract and novel insecticide chlorantraniliprole against maize weevil, Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky
...mu;g/insect, after 24 hours. The result revealed that H. recurvum plant extract had
insecticidal potential against the stored grain pest, S. zeamais. Current study
suggests H. recurvum plant extract could be a good alternative against
conventional insecticides....
insecticidal potential against the stored grain pest, S. zeamais. Current study
suggests H. recurvum plant extract could be a good alternative against
conventional insecticides....
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Zafar Iqbal Khan2, Saira Batool2, Kafeel Ahmad2, Salma Begum2
Residual effect of lambda-cyhalothrin on abundance of insect pollinators in marigold field patch
...f insect
pollinators was recorded under field and a semi- field conditions. Recommended
dose of lambda-cyhalothrin (0.093gm/ml) was used. The number of different
pollinators that visited the marigold plant before and after insecticidal spray was
recorded. In semi-field experiment, honey bees were exposed to insecticide treated
plants for one hour. The mortality rate of honey bees in the con...
pollinators was recorded under field and a semi- field conditions. Recommended
dose of lambda-cyhalothrin (0.093gm/ml) was used. The number of different
pollinators that visited the marigold plant before and after insecticidal spray was
recorded. In semi-field experiment, honey bees were exposed to insecticide treated
plants for one hour. The mortality rate of honey bees in the con...
Waqas Ali, Arshad Javid, Ali Hussain, Syed Mohsin Bukhari
Public attitude towards amphibian and reptiles in district Kasur, Punjab, Pakistan
...d as food. Different superstitions are also linked with amphibians
and reptiles and this mindset lead to unnecessary killing of species. Among all the
herpetiles, snakes are most disliked taxa and killed by the locales. Conservation
education and awareness campaigns are recommended to avoid unnecessary
killing of the amphibians and reptiles of the study area....
and reptiles and this mindset lead to unnecessary killing of species. Among all the
herpetiles, snakes are most disliked taxa and killed by the locales. Conservation
education and awareness campaigns are recommended to avoid unnecessary
killing of the amphibians and reptiles of the study area....
Madeeha Arshad, Asmatullah, Chaman Ara
Embryotoxic effects of sodium arsenate in Mus musculus
...oping mice....
Hafiz Muhammad Umer Qaisar1, Tanveer Ahmad2, Muhammad Rizwan3*, Muhammad Saqib1
Antimicrobial efficacy of combination of lincomycin and spiramycin (Lispiracin™) as systemic dry cow therapy for controlling bovine mastitis
...of
infected quarters at day 14th post calving was 86.6% (p< 0.01) with lispiracin™
treated group than that of control group which was 11.11%.It was concluded that
systemic dry period therapy especially with combination of lincomycin and
spiramycin (lispiracin™) helped in controlling bovine Mastitis....
infected quarters at day 14th post calving was 86.6% (p< 0.01) with lispiracin™
treated group than that of control group which was 11.11%.It was concluded that
systemic dry period therapy especially with combination of lincomycin and
spiramycin (lispiracin™) helped in controlling bovine Mastitis....
Nabila Roohi, Mehjabeen, Samina Ashraf*
Effects of cigarette smoking on serum proteins profile in male active and passive smokers
... and
passive smokers. Blood samples of 180 cigarette smokers were collected from
different locations of Lahore and 60 healthy non-smokers from University of the
Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam campus Lahore, in terms of comparable age, height, weight
and socioeconomic set up. Serum protein profile was analyzed using commercially
a...
passive smokers. Blood samples of 180 cigarette smokers were collected from
different locations of Lahore and 60 healthy non-smokers from University of the
Punjab, Quaid-e-Azam campus Lahore, in terms of comparable age, height, weight
and socioeconomic set up. Serum protein profile was analyzed using commercially
a...
Ihsan Ali1#, Asim Aslam1*, Habib-ur-Rehman2, Beenish Zahid3, Ishtiaq Ahmed1
Effect of fish oil on growth performance and immune response in experimentally infected broiler chicken with avian influenza virus H9N2
...e organs damage in broilers. Supplementations of
fish oil (FO) enhance the immune status and subside inflammation. This study was
design to observe the effects of Fish oil on lymphoid organs through
histopathology, growth performance and antibody response in H9N2 challenged
broilers. A total of 80 chicks were divided in to 4 groups A, B, C & D. Group A and
B were challenged with AI viru...
fish oil (FO) enhance the immune status and subside inflammation. This study was
design to observe the effects of Fish oil on lymphoid organs through
histopathology, growth performance and antibody response in H9N2 challenged
broilers. A total of 80 chicks were divided in to 4 groups A, B, C & D. Group A and
B were challenged with AI viru...
Muhammad Asghar Hassan1, Imran Bodlah1* , Ayesha Aihetasham2
First record of the oriental species, Saltella setigera Brunetti, 1909 (Diptera: Sepsidae) from Pakistan
...09 is recorded for the first time from Pakistan. The additional
morphological and genital characters of S. setigera along with its photographs,
distributional notes and remarks are provided....
morphological and genital characters of S. setigera along with its photographs,
distributional notes and remarks are provided....
Halil Erhan Eroğlu
The comparison of the Felidae species with karyotype symmetry/asymmetry index (S/AI)
...genera, families and orders can be compared. Also the evolutionary
relationships of higher organisms can be determined. The symmetry/asymmetry
index is applied to the Felidae species. After a comprehensive literature search,
karyotype formulae, S/AI values and karyotype types of 23 species were
determined. According to the S/AI values, a phylogenetic tree was drawn showing
relationships among the species....
relationships of higher organisms can be determined. The symmetry/asymmetry
index is applied to the Felidae species. After a comprehensive literature search,
karyotype formulae, S/AI values and karyotype types of 23 species were
determined. According to the S/AI values, a phylogenetic tree was drawn showing
relationships among the species....
Anber Naqvi1*#, Abdul Qadir1, Adeel Mahmood2, Mehvish Mumtaz3, Iqra Aslam1, Gan Zhang4
Assessment of polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in maternal blood serum from selected districts of Punjab, Pakistan
...ood serum of
mothers residing in five districts of Punjab Province, Pakistan. The mean
concentration of Σ34 PCB congeners was recorded 232.3 ng/g l.w. PCB homologs
profile showed highest levels of Tetra-CBs (53%) followed by Penta-CBs (23%)
and Hexa-CBs(11%), respectively. Spatial distribution of PCB homolog reflected
the higher prevalence of lower chlorinated PCBs in urban population...
mothers residing in five districts of Punjab Province, Pakistan. The mean
concentration of Σ34 PCB congeners was recorded 232.3 ng/g l.w. PCB homologs
profile showed highest levels of Tetra-CBs (53%) followed by Penta-CBs (23%)
and Hexa-CBs(11%), respectively. Spatial distribution of PCB homolog reflected
the higher prevalence of lower chlorinated PCBs in urban population...
Siddra Tayyab Akhtar, Anjum Nasim Sabri
Twitching, swimming, swarming in biofilm forming strains in response to chemical and physical factors
...rent physiochemical factors. Twenty-two
morphologically different bacterial strains were collected from a drain of sewage
water located in the vicinity of Jinnah hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Six biofilm forming
bacterial strains were selected on the basis of their motility and biofilm forming
ability firstly by growing them on congo red agar medium and then by performing
ring test. By 16S rRN...
morphologically different bacterial strains were collected from a drain of sewage
water located in the vicinity of Jinnah hospital Lahore, Pakistan. Six biofilm forming
bacterial strains were selected on the basis of their motility and biofilm forming
ability firstly by growing them on congo red agar medium and then by performing
ring test. By 16S rRN...
Zafar Iqbal
A review of fisheries education in University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
...nstitutions, Punjab University is ranked number one. This is
the oldest multi-disciplinary university which was established in 1882. During last
six years (2010-2015) 3187 research papers were published in journals with impact
factors by university&
the oldest multi-disciplinary university which was established in 1882. During last
six years (2010-2015) 3187 research papers were published in journals with impact
factors by university&
Raazia Kiran1, Alya Riaz1, Muhammad Irfan1*, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir2
An overview of pre-treatment methods used for bioconversion of lignocellulosic biomasses into valuable products
..., ultrasonication, and bursting, chemical methods i.e.,
solvents, acids, salts, bases, the physicochemical processes include liquid hot
water and AFEX (ammonium fibre explosion), biological methods involving whiterot/
brown-rot fungi and bacteria, and quite a few combinations thereof to
breakdown the lignocellulose into its components. Pre-treatment process changes
cellulose morphological, chemical and physical features, maki...
solvents, acids, salts, bases, the physicochemical processes include liquid hot
water and AFEX (ammonium fibre explosion), biological methods involving whiterot/
brown-rot fungi and bacteria, and quite a few combinations thereof to
breakdown the lignocellulose into its components. Pre-treatment process changes
cellulose morphological, chemical and physical features, maki...
Sobia Faisal1*,Qurat-ul-Ain Ahmad2, Maleeha Manzoor3, Madiha Manzoor4, Faisal Rifaq5
Socio-psychological factors related to tuberculosis diagnostic test seeking behavior in Pakistan
...l and psychological factors have scientifically well documented role
in determining the health seeking behavior of tuberculosis (TB) patients globally,
however, the need to understand why these factors affect the health seeking
behavior of TB patients in the light of behavioral theories in still unmet. This study
evaluates the role of social and psychological fa...
in determining the health seeking behavior of tuberculosis (TB) patients globally,
however, the need to understand why these factors affect the health seeking
behavior of TB patients in the light of behavioral theories in still unmet. This study
evaluates the role of social and psychological fa...
Abdul Majid Khan*
Review report on mammalian dental defect (enamel hypoplasia) in different groups of mammals
... It also depicts the diversity in feeding habitat of
mammals having positive results for occurrence of this tooth malady. The present
review correlates the research studies that have been conducted in deciduous as
well as permanent dental material of modern, archeological and palaeontological
animals belongs to multiple orders of class Mammalia and also provides a road
map for comparative a...
mammals having positive results for occurrence of this tooth malady. The present
review correlates the research studies that have been conducted in deciduous as
well as permanent dental material of modern, archeological and palaeontological
animals belongs to multiple orders of class Mammalia and also provides a road
map for comparative a...
Muhammad Asghar1*, Mirza Muhammad Qadeer Baig1, Sanaullalh Chaudhary1 and Muhammad Anjum Ali2
...sing basmati rice cultivars Super basmati in RCBD with three repeats. The spray of difenoconazole at rate of 315 mlha-1 + 500gha-1 of NPK (20:20:20) significantly decreased incidence of BLS per leaf (9.31) and resulted in significant increase in 1000 grain weight (22.54 g) and yield (3.57 tha-1) and gave an additional income of Rs.26305 ha-1 with benefit cost ratio of 11.31 compared with control. It is suggested that spray of difenoconazole and macro nutrients...
Masab Umair Khan, Syed Mehar Ali Shah, Hidayat-ur-Rahman, Arshad Iqbal* and Ezaz Aslam
...crop variety. Crop breeders mostly practice selection for the desired traits to identify superior genotypes. This research was conducted to assess the performance of 20 maize hybrids along with two checks at The University of Agriculture Peshawar during spring 2017 crop growing season. The experimental material was planted in randomized complete block design with three replications. Significant differences among the hybrids ...
Muhammad S. Waqas, Ali A.Z. Shoaib, Xinlai Cheng, Qianqian Zhang, Asem S.S. Elabasy and Zu-hua Shi*
...poorly known, which hinders the development of an effective management program. In this study, the reproductive mode, male’s mating capacity, influence of female’s age and density on male’s mating capacity, as well as the influence of copulation on female’s longevity were investigated under the ...
Hina Abrar1,2, S.N.H. Naqvi1,*, Muhammad Rashid Ahmed3, Asma Basharat Ali3 and Hina Yasin1,2
...reas the hepatic parameters were significantly reduced in CBZ plus propranolol group. The histopathological examination reveals various features of hepatic architecture damage in CBZ treated group but the hepatic damage induced by CBZ was successfully ameliorated by propranolol. To conclude propranolol is effective in reducing the hepatoxic effects of CBZ probably by affecting hepatic blood flow.
...
Faheem Ali1*, Muhammad Naeem Arbab1, Abdul Basit2, Muhammad Kashif Khan1, Gulzar Ahmad1 and Muhammad Amir1
...dustry. Switched Capacitors and Voltage Regulators are used to cope with such a situation. Regulators results in higher line currents thus resulting in excessive losses in addition to voltage sag problems. On the other hand, static capacitors can tackle the reactive VARs, but in steps only. Thus, a real time solution is required for sensing, controlling,...
Muhammad Iqbal1, Khalid Usman2*, Muhammad Arif1, Shakeel Ahmad Jatoi3, Muhammad Munir4 and Imran Khan1
... Agriculture, Gomal University, D.I. Khan (Pakistan) during 2013 and 2014. The genotypes of bottle gourd were Hazarvi, Anmol, Amber, King, Advanta-205, Surbhi, Royal, Nobel, Sharmic and Louki (local check variety). The experiment was laid-out in randomized complete block design having ten treatments (including 9 exotics plus 1 local genotype) and three replications. The results showed that there were significant variations in all the paramete
Khush Bukhat Zahid1*, Ghaffar Ali2, Samina Sabir1 and Mohammad Fayaz2
...tand point of policy makers and analysts as it will help them develop policies relating to improvement in agricultural sector in the context of climate change. ...
Muhammad Muddassir Ali1,2 and İbrahim Hakkı Ciğerci1,*
...is endemic to Turkey. It’s general anti-oxidant and anti-cancerous activities are explored, but no study has been observed on liver cancerous cell line in term of its genotoxicty. So, genotoxic evaluation was carried out for the alcoholic and hexane extracts of T. turcica. Methanol extracts showed the highest DNA damage (20±1) at 200 µg/ml concentration and 11.67±2.52 at 50 µg/ml. Ethanol extracts showed the 2nd
Akshay Sharma*, Mohit Mahajan, Madhumeet Singh and Pravesh Kumar
...a 7 year old crossbred Jersey cow was done at weekly interval from 21 to 63 days post artificial insemination. Monochorionic diamniotic monozygotic twins were confirmed on the basis of different amniotic sacs and corpus luteum on one ovary. Color Doppler study was done to assess the vascularity and functional activity of corpus luteum present on the left ovary. Ultrasonography was employed at weekly interval to judge the viability of embryo (up to 42 days), fe...
Abid Muhammad Shah1, Safdar Ali1*, Ijaz Ahmad2, Gulzada Wazir1, Obaidullah Shafique1, Muhammad Amir Hanif1, Bashir Ahmad Khan3 and Sumaira Zareen4
...nt was conducted at University Research Farm, Chakwal Road, Rawalpindi during 2015-16 to investigate the effect of different herbicides and sowing methods on wheat productivity and population dynamics of weeds. Different wheat sowing methods (S) were Broadcasting, Line sowing, Ridge sowing, Bed sowing and herbicides used were Ally Max, Clean wave, Starane M. and Buctril Super 60 Ec. The experiment was laid out in RCBD with split plot arrangement having three r...
Saman Fatima* and Shazia Iram
...e of various skin disorders which leads to the rejection of fruit in international market. This study was designed in order to identify the pathogens that ruin the peal of Citrus reticulata Blanco (kinnow) in order to improve its quality. About twenty six sampled fruits of Citrus reticulata having damaged skin were obtained from the orchards of Sargodha. The samples were classified into groups on the basis of physical appearance of lesions on peal and the dise...
Ali Zohaib1*, Saima Yousaf1,2, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum1, Tahira Tabassum1, Tasawer Abbas3, Wardah Muzaffar1 and Wasiq Ikram2
...ses of chemical fertilizers occur that add to environmental pollution and reduced nutrient use efficiency. However, plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) are cheap and excellent alternate and can be applied as seed inoculation to enhance nutrient use efficiency along with reduced nutrient losses. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of seed inoculation viz. control (no treatment), Rhizobium japonicum (nitrogen fixing bacteria) and Pseu...
Umair Talib1, Ijaz Ashraf2, Robert Agunga1 and Saleem Ashraf3*
...er or resource-poor farmers in a tropical country, such as Pakistan, are often the cause of environmental degradation and at the same are impacted by it. More than 80% of the farmers in Pakistan are resource-poor or practice subsistence farming which degrades the environment. Therefore, there is an urgent need for climate smart extension education for these farmers. The main purpose for th...
Misbahullah, Shad Khan Khalil, Asim Muhammad*, Afza Tabassum and Shah Fahad
...rm of Agronomy, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan throughout 2015-16. Used of sorghum extract with three concentrations (1:3, 1:4, 1:5), weedicide (affinity) with three different levels (1/3, 1/ 2, 2/3 of the recommended dose) and 3 times of application (emergence,tillering,50% at emergence + fifty percent at tillering). Herbicide sole, weeded by hand and un weeded plots used for comparison. Results showing that concentration of sorghum and appl...
Neelum Andaleeb1*, Munir Khan1, Syed Attaullah Shah1 and Rahmat Ullah2
...ecial reference to women’s participation in livestock farming. A multistage sampling technique was used to collect a sample of 274 livestock farm households from six union councils of district Mardan. Data were collected through face to face interviews from female members of the selected livestock farm households in 2015-16. Data were analyzed by ordered logit model to determine factors<...
Aiguo Zhou1,3,4, Shaolin Xie1,4, Zhenlu Wang1, Lanfen Fan1, Yanfeng Chen2, QiaoYe1, Fang Zeng1 and Jixing Zou1,*
... has existed for many years. In present study, mitochondrial Cyt b gene was used to analyze the relationships and genetic diversity of two color morphs of northern snakehead. For the Chnannidae family, the average genetic distances of Cyt b gene was 0.171 (ranged 0.000 to 0.248) with the inter-species genetic distances. The intra-species genetic distance ranged from 0.000 to 0.002. For the haplotypes of two col...
Ajmal Khan* and Rehan Ullah
...ecies in their blood smears. Male population accounts for higher prevalence rate (14.59%) than female (11.24%). The infection was more prevalent in November (21.4%), December (21.1%) and October (18%) and was lowest in the month of April (6.7%). The highest prevalence was recorded in autumn (36.8%) and summer (30.3%) and the lowest rate of infection was observed in spring (10.1%). Majority of the malarial cases were due to P. vivax, which was the most c...
Faiz Muhammad1,2, Canfeng Dou1, Zhen-ming Lü1,*, Li Gong1, Xun Du1 and Muhammad Shafi3
... and nucleotide diversity observed. The data was further tested with AMOVA that validates 91.24% variation among populations and 8.76% within population. Genetic fixation index was also calculated as 0.91243*. The neighbor-joining phylogenetic analysis revealed three lineages. The Dongshan population distinctly has shown separate lineage. The haplotype networking has shown that Hap1 contributed 48.051% and appeared in six populations whereas, Hap6, Hap11,...
Qingling Hu1,2,3,* and Jinian Feng3
...binations of having 5 pairs of long setae on pronotum, the ultrashort chapped craspedum on posterior margin of abdominal tergites, and the shape and relative locations of setae on tergite IX.
...
Muhammad Ijaz1, Shahid Hussain Farooqi1, Rahmatullah2, Amjad Islam Aqib1, Sadaqat Ali3,*, Awais Ghaffar1, Ahmad Ali1 and Sehrish Saleem1
...erum biochemical parameters (serum electrolytes, trace and ultra-trace elements) in foals. A total of 105 diarrheic foals (n = 35 horse foals, n = 35 donkey foals, and n = 35 mule foals) were selected regardless of their etiologies. Additionally, 12 healthy foals (n = 4 horse foals, n = 4 donkey foals, and n = 4 mule foals) as control animals were selected for this study. Packed cell volum...
Muhammad Kashif Maan1, Ghulam Mustafa1, Munibullah2 and Sajid Umar2,*
...in age between 7 to 9 years, were referred to surgery clinic at University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan. The patients showed the signs of ocular lesions associated with plaque formation on the cornea and sclera and papilloma formation on the lateral limbus of eye. The tumors were large and usually protruded through the palpebral fissure and infiltrate the entire eye ...
Muhammad Shahzad Khattak1*, Amjad Khan1, Mahmood Alam Khan1, Waqas Ahmad2, Shafiq ur Rehman3, Mohammad Sharif4 and Sajjad Ahmad1
...ght generally causes adverse impacts on agricultural production and hydropower generation. In this research, the characteristics of hydrological droughts in Indus River basin using stream flow data of major rivers of Pakistan were investigated. Stream flow drought indices (SDI) were used to determine the severity of droughts for the Indus, Jhelum, Chenab and Kabul River at Tarbela, Mangla, Marala and Wa...
Fouzia Tabssum1, Qamar uz Zaman2*, Yinglong Chen3,4, Umair Riaz5*, Waqas Ashraf6, Ambreen Aslam2, Nusrat Ehsan2, Rab Nawaz2, Humera Aziz7 and Shamim ul Sibtain Shah8
...rance of two rice cultivars with contrasting salt tolerance: Super basmati (salt susceptible) and Shaheen basmati (salt tolerant) in both nursery and field conditions. For pot experiment, salinity stress was imposed by applying 50 mM of NaCl solution to the soil daily for three continuing days, and applications of proline (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 mM) was applied 25 DAS. For field experiment, the same cultiva
Imran Khan1*, Muhammad Iqbal1 and Malik Muhammad Hashim2
...important role. The farmers do not have sufficient knowledge about the suitable irrigation time (interval). The aim of study was to explore the best irrigation time for sugar beet crop. Hence, this study examines the physiological response of sugar beet cv. California-kws with different irrigation intervals at the research farm, Faculty of Agriculture, Gomal university Dera Ismail Khan Pakistan during 2013-14 and 2014-15. Th...
Muhammad Amir Iqbal1, Nabila Roohi1*, Ahmad Qureshy2
...cts comprising both genders and fulfiling the exclusion and inclusion criteria were recruited for this prospective investigation. Sixty healthy controls, thirty four subclinical, fifty overt hyperthyroid and thirty five follow-up subjects having 3 months of anti-thyroid therapy were recruited. Commercially available diagnostic kits were used to determine the serum levels of FT4, FT3, TSH, Creatinine, AST and ALT. Prominent reduction (P...
Mubashir Ahmad Khan*, Nazakat Nawaz, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Ayub Khan, Tahira, Doulat Baig, Ihsan Ullah Khan and Shamim ul Sibtain Shah
... 6 lineages and 29 clusters. Cluster 25 had the maximum number of genotypes i.e. 18 followed by Cluster 23 (14 genotypes), 19 (12 genotypes) and 9 (9 genotypes). There was a wide range of genetic diversity in this set of sesame germplasm which could be utilized for crop improvement. It is further recommended that for making improvement in sesame crop, identified superior sesame lines viz. SG-115, SG-103, SG-78, SG-79, SG-31,...
Muhammad Salman Wazir and Mohammad Akmal
... Research Farm, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, during winter 2015-16. Treatments included cropping pattern viz. sole and intercrop of lines with 1:1 ratio i.e. one wheat row followed by one other crop species and 2:1 ratio i.e. two wheat rows followed by one other crops rows of Brassica (Brassica juncea), Fababean (Vicia faba) and Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), hereafter, referred as IC-I and IC-II. The N splits were applied of the total recommended ...
Fatih Korkmaz1, Veysel Parlak2, Özgür Kaynar3, Arzu Ucar2, Gonca Alak1,* and Muhammed Atamanalp2
...lly all the test parameters, such as microbiological, physicochemical as well as the lowest mean values were identified in the coatings of the fillets with turmeric and cardamom (p<0.05). Control and quinoa groups resulted in increased number of bacteria and chemical values compared to other treatment groups (p<0.05). The turmeric coating also results in increased protein concentration compared to other coatings and control group (p<0.05).
...
Daniel Zaborski,1,* Muhammad Ali,2 Ecevit Eyduran,3 Wilhelm Grzesiak,1 Mohammad Masood Tariq,2 Ferhat Abbas,2 Abdul Waheed4 and Cem Tirink5
...ted reproductive parameters in Harnai sheep using different data mining algorithms (artificial neural networks - ANN, classification and regression trees - CART, chi-square automatic interaction detector - CHAID and multivariate adaptive regression splines - MARS) and indicating the most influential predictors of these traits. A total of 382 reproduction...
Abderraouf Chouaib Rebbah1, Mohcen Menaa2,*, Salah Telailia3,Menouar Saheb1 and Mohamed Cherif Maazi2
...ria). We conducted the first bird survey in this area using the point count method to describe the composition of woodland breeding avifauna and to analyze the spatial distribution among habitat types (oak woodlands, pine woodlands and oak-pine mixed woodlands). A total of 69 species were observed. One species was recorded only in mixed oak-pine forests, six were found exclusively in oak woodlands and 17 species were found only in pine woodlands. We noted 20 p...
Shaher Bano1, Sarah Ghafoor1,* and Nadia Naseem2
...n peptide performing diverse cellular functions and is immunolocalized in ductal epithelium of salivary glands. The development of salivary glands is under the influence of various hormones including Triiodothyronine hormone (T3). Submandibular gland of rat is an excellent model to study salivary gland organogenesis. The study is designed to understand T3-mediated regulation of TGF-α expression during postnatal salivar...
Farhat Iqbal1, Mohammad Masood Tariq2,*, Ecevit Eyduran3, Zil-e-Huma4, Abdul Waheed5, Farhat Abbas2, Muhammad Ali2, Nadeem Rashid2, Majed Rafeeq2, Asadullah2 and Zahid Mustafa2
...n, Pakistan. The parameters mature weight, integration constant, maturity rate and their credible intervals of four widely-used nonlinear sigmoidal growth models were estimated through Bayesian inference. Gompertz, Logistic, Brody and Von Bertalanffy models were fitted to average monthly body weight data of (n = 412) Mengali sheep from birth to 24 months of age for both sexes (male and female) and type of births (single and twin). The overall goodness of fit w...
Xiao-Ying Ren1, Di Zhang2 and Wan-Long Zhu1,*
...rences were shown in interspecific skulls, such as the point between the anterior tip of suture nasal and premaxilla, anterior tip of suture between nasal and premaxilla, anterior and posterior most ventral points of the upper incisor alveolus, and coronoid process, angular process ascending ramus and condylar process on the mandible. The genus Eothenomys could be classified into two subgenera. Moreover, it was inferred that the varieties of skulls char...
Radek Aulicky1,*, Vaclav Stejskal1 and George Opit2
...e DDVP strips from the perspective of increasing the human safety. Therefore, we determined efficacy of 1-, 6-, and 24-h DDVP (evaporation rate: 0.15 ± 0.02 g.day-1) strip exposures on 5 stored-product pests, namely, Tribolium castaneum, Oryzaephilus surinamensis, Cryptolestes ferrugineus, Rhyzopertha dominica and Sitophilus granarius in an experimental chamber. We tested two DDVP evaporation regimes from th...
Mujib ur Rahman1, Munir Khan2*, Himayatullah Khan2, Malik Muhammad Shafi2 and Haidar Ali2
... business in district Charsadda of Peshawar Valley. A total of 51 respondents from the three villages namely Utmanzai, Rajjar and Matta-Mughal-Khel were randomly selected. A comparative analysis of chadar and suit cloth was done regarding sale in Charsadda market and other cities of the country. In Charsadda market, 3/4 producing units sold their products, while 1/4 of the produce
Amara Amjad Hashmi1,2,*, Maqbool Hussain Sial3, Waqar Akram4 and Maaida Hussain Hashmi5,6
...dies, in a sense; it covers two food price hike periods (2007 and 2011). So, it is important to understand, how food insecurity status and nutrition are affected by these shocks during this period. Thus, we use nationally representative data called as Household Income and Expenditure Survey (HIES) from 2005-2014. Pakistan Bureau of Statistics collects this data in five rounds; 2005-06, 2007-08, 2010-11, 2011-12, and 2013-14 ...
Muhammad Tahir Amin, Khalid Usman*, Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik and Nishter Ali
...affected all the parameters such as plant height, sympodial branches, seed cotton yield, and quality-related traits such as fiber length, fiber strength, micronaire, and fiber uniformity. Frequent irrigation interval (7th day) produced taller plants (139 cm) and more sympodial branches (18.3) compared to less frequent irrigations (10-19th day). However, 19th day irrigation interval significantly improved seed cotton yield and fiber quality traits (fiber length...
Nighat Seema1*, Muhammad Hamayun1, Husan Ara1 and Raham Sheer Khan2
...il texture, organic matters, EC and pH with or without 8% PEG induced drought stress. Upon inoculation of different endophytic fungi with or without drought stress, the trend in pH values of soil remain variable (7.61~7.96) compared with the pH value before experiment. The 8% PEG induced drought stress elevated the EC value, however, the inoculation of all types of endophytic fungi lowered the EC to provide smooth medium for plant growth. Interestingly, the in...
Nadejda Lukanova1*, Radka Vlaeva2 and Boriana Ivanova3
...n trotter. The study refers to a period of 19 years, from 1997 to 2016. The aim of the recent study is to examine some reproductive traits of trotter mares – gestation length depending on foal gender and gestation length depending on the month of covering, and duration of covering estimated in days. We calculated duration of covering, length of gestation, gestation length in accordance with the foal gender (in days) an...
Muhamad Jawad*, Shahid Riaz Malik, Muhammad Aqeel Sarwar, Muhammad Asadullah, Israr Hussain and Rabia Khalid
...evaluate the genetic diversity among 36 lentil genotypes for mechanized harvesting. Analysis of variance for qualitative and quantitative traits showed significant variability among the genotypes. Correlation analysis indicates negative correlation of yield with lowest pod height and highly significant correlation between lowest pod height and plant height. Cluster analysis performed for qualitative and quantitative traits separately. It was observed that geno...
Sahar Shibli1,2*, Farzana Siddique1, Saeeda Raza2, Zaheer Ahsan3 and Irum Raza4
...indigenous peanut cultivars from Pakistan specifically Local-334, Bard-92 and Bard-479 were investigated in the study for compositional quality and peanut butter development. Chemical composition of peanut cultivars indicated 5.53±0.20 to 5.93±0.02 % moisture, 2.00±0.11 to 2.17±0.05% ash, 49.80±3.54 to 50.90±0.93% fats, 23.83±1.71 to 26.43±1.15 % proteins, 13.23±...
Asim Faraz1,*, Muhammad Younas2, Abdul Waheed1, Muhammad Yaqoob2 and Kashif Ishaq3
... 6, (3 ♂ and 3 ♀). First group animals were reared under IMS, fed concentrate @ 1 kg/h/d plus crop residues of gram (Cicer arientinum) ad lib while in second group, calves were reared under SIMS, sent for grazing 8 hours daily plus gram crop residues ad lib. Twice watering was done in both the groups. At end of trial mean body weight and ADG of male and female calves was significantly increased (P<...
A.H. Shahzad1, A. Sattar1,*, A. Husnain1, I. Ahmad2, N. Ahmad1, D. Nak3 and Y. Nak3
...30, d60 and d90 was 44 versus 54% (P=0.28), 53 versus 72% (P=0.03) and 50 versus 70% (P=0.025) in control and resynch groups with overall pregnancy loss of 14 and 3%. Mean P4 profile (ng/mL) was non-significant on d14 while significant on d16 and d30 post TAI in control and resynch groups. Mean luteal cross-sectional area on d30 post TAI has significant difference betw...
Jair Millán-Orozco1,*, Jersson Millán-Orozco2 and Luz María Tejada-Ugarte3
...ucted during daylight hours (06:00-18:00) from May to April of the next year for three consecutive days every month of the following year. The highest (P<0.05) grazing activity was observed during September (38.9±11.4 min/h), while in May (27.1±14.3 min/h) was the month with least activity (P<0.05). Within days, the highest (P<0.05) grazing activity was observed at 06:00, 12:00 and 18:00 h (34.9±12.0, 31.8&plu...
Mahboob Ali1, Muhammad Avais1, Muhammad Ijaz1, Memoona Chaudhary2, Riaz Hussain3, Amjad Islam Aqib1, Naimat Ullah Khan4, Muhammad Luqman Sohail5,*, Madiha Khan6, Mumtaz Ali Khan1, Mehtab Ahmad7, Muhammad Sajid Hasni2, Imran Qaiser8, Ghazanfar Rashid1, Ikramul Haq1 and Ikramullah Khan8
... the potential risk factors. Results showed an overall prevalence of 47.14% for subclinical mastitis. Statistical analysis revealed non-significant (P>0.05) difference between Cholistan desert and Suleiman mountain range (48.18% and 46.09%, respectively). S. aureus was isolated from 53.03% of the milk samples, with significantly higher (P<0.05) prevalence in Cholistan desert (66.10%) as compared to Suleiman range (57.98%). Bli...
Muhammad Saqib Shahzad1, Amina Arif1,*,Saeeda Kalsoom2, Javed Iqbal3, Shahnam Shafique2, Muhammad Shahid Nadeem4 and Rafique Ahmed5
...d NSVR was found. An inverse association of SVR was found against the patient age and viral load in the plasma. The plasma values of ALT have shown no specific relation with SVR and NSVR. Genotype 3a was the most prevalent (69.7%) followed by 3b (13.6%), mixed genotypes (10.5%), 1b (3.2%), 1a (3.1%) among the investigated patients. We found highest SVR against genotype 3a (79.4%), followed by 3b (56%), 1a (33%), 1b (37.3%), 3a+3b mixed infection (29%), and 1a+...
Menderes Cenet
...e most effective inhibitors against Bacillus megaterium and Staphylococcus aureus. Honey samples (H07 and H08) showed significant antifungal effects on Candida albicans.
...
Mudassar Javed, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Luqman and Muhammad Afzal
...rop by lepidopterous borers, Earias vittella and Helicoverpa armigera (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera), has been one of the contemporary issues of the farmers in Afro-Asian regions. This two-year field study was carried out to evaluate an IPM (bio-intensive) module developed by selecting through in-situ evaluation and incorporating the most effective pest control options along with the biological (parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis eg...
Effect of Seed Inoculation with Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria on Yield and Quality of Soybean
Saima Yousaf1,2, Ali Zohaib2*, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum2, Tahira Tabassum2, Tasawer Abbas3, Sohail Irshad4, Usman Javed5 and Naila Farooq6
...lign: justify;">Fertilizers are an important agricultural input for improving crop productivity. However, chemical fertilizers are prone to losses and fixation thereby decreasing the nutrient use efficiency. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) can be applied to improve the growth and yield by improving nutrient availability to crop plants. A field experiment was carried out to determine the effect of seed inoculation...
Masaud Khan1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Tahir Sarwar1 and Muhammad Jamal Khan2
...n water demand, the growers use surface and ground water resources, which are declining day-by-day. Realizing the importance of water, tomato yield was studied under deficit irrigation regimes and different Nitrogen (N) levels during 2015 and 2016 at the research farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan. A randomized complete block design (RCBD) with factorial arrangement was used for the study. These facto
Muhammad Ilyas*, Sardar Ali Khan, Shahid Iqbal Awan and Shafiq-Ur-Rehman
...d susceptible from a diverse gene pool and crossed to produce 02 hybrids. The cross 1 comprised of a drought tolerant inbred line as VDR-51 and a susceptible inbred line 5CDR-53. The cross 2 comprised of a drought tolerant inbred line as DR3-126 and a susceptible inbred line DR-37. The trial was sown under triplicated split plot in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) under drought and rain-fed conditions. Both heritability and genetic advance estimates w...
Ali Bakhsh1*, Mashal Rehman1, Said Salman1 and Rehmat Ullah2
...perative for plant breeders to develop cotton lines that can grow on minimum water availability. In this study performance of 23 cotton genotypes was compared for seed cotton yield and fiber quality traits under water stress and non-stress conditions. All the genotypes depicted significant differences for days to first square formation, days to first flower formation, plant height, monopod...
Salman Ali*, Inamullah, Muhammad Arif, Mehran Ali, Muhammad Owais Iqbal, Fazal Munsif and Arsalan Khan
...ify;">Drought stress adversely affects crop growth and yield. Water availability at critical crop growth stages reduces water losses and improves water use efficiency and yield of a crop. Potassium is a major plant nutrient required in large quantity by crops and has a significant role in increasing crop growth and yield by reducing the adverse effects of drought stress. Although a large quantity of potassium can be found in...
Zakiullah1, Muhammad Farid Khan1*, Muhammad Mohibullah3, Muhammad Iqbal2, Irfanullah3, Faheemullah3, Madiha Urooj1 and Uzma Arif1
...earch Institute (CCRI) Pirsabak, Nowshehra (K.P.K) Pakistan during the year 2015. The results displayed highly significant (P≤0.01) variation among above six OPVS for days to germination, plant height, leaf area, number of grains ear-1, grains moisture % at harvest, grain yield and biological yield. Mean square values due to general combining ability were highly significant (P≤0.01) for all the experimental parameters ...
Raza Ullah1* and Jamal Shah2
...nd heavy rains etc. Farmers adopt available risk coping tools to minimize the impacts of such risks at farm level however, these adoptions require farmers to incur cost or forgo part of the potential benefits from agricultural production. These costs (explicit or implicit) are referred to as the cost of risk management. Previous studies on risk management in agriculture however have ignored such costs. The present study is t...
Muhammad Rameez Khan1, Muhammad Imtiaz2, Farhatullah3, Sohail Ahmad1 and Sajid Ali1*
...s surveyed over three years, had powdery mildew, while in Punjab the disease was absent in more than 98% fields. In Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, the disease was detected in 17% fields, while in Kashmir the disease was present in only 11% of surveyed fields. In Gilgit-Baltistan, the disease was detected in four fields from three surveyed districts. Among the five provinces and Azad Jammu and Kashmir, powdery mildew was a major problem in Northern Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and ...
Shamesa Maryam1, Ajaz Ahmad Sandhu1, Imran Bodlah2*, Muhammad Asif Aziz2, Ayesha Aihetasham3
...med to explore the Aphid’s fauna of Gujranwala and carried out during January to March (2016). For this purpose aphids were collected from twenty two host plants at six different localities of Gujranwala area of Punjab province, Pakistan. Total 12 species namely; Aphis craccivora, Aphis fabae, Aphis gossypii, Aphis nerii, Rhopalosiphum padi, Lipaphis erysimi, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Myzus pers
Farheen Shaikh*, Saima Naz, Nadir Ali Birmani
...t study will help to understand host-parasite interaction in study area.
...
Syeda Beenish Bukhari1, Sidra Khalid1*, Shahid Bashir1, Riffat Mehboob2, Humaira Waseem2
...d to determine the barriers of immunization among mothers attending Pediatric and Gynecological Department of the Sir Ganga Ram Hospital Lahore. For this, 150 mothers were selected randomly; relevant data were collected through pre-tested questionnaire. Data were tabulated and analyzed with the help of SPSS version 21.0. Results of current study showed t...
Liaqat Ali Shahid1*, Nadeem Amjad2 and Muhammad Abdul Hanan Siddhu3
...as conducted at a farmer’s field in Dera Ghazi Khan Area for processing of Eucalyptus tree top-trimmed mixed waste material with leaves. The average machine throughput capacity was found to be 503 kg.h-1 with an average machine efficiency of 89 percent. Total average fuel consumption and labour requirement (un-skilled + skilled) were found to be 3.5 litres and 3.53 man-hour, respectively. The machine was also tested with clean Eucalyptus stems without le...
Shumaila Nazeer1, Iqbal Javed1*, Allah Bakhsh2, Mudassar Yasin2, Haroon Javaid3 and Kaniz Fatima1
...re from 30 kinnow exporters out of total 40 exporters. Personal interviews were conducted by selecting convenient sampling technique. Along with export margin analysis of both markets, an effort is made to quantify impact of the major determinants on export of mandarin (Kinnow) to UAE and USA. According to data properties and suitability, multiple regression analysis technique is used for ...
Muhammad Shabir Shaheen1, Shahid Mehmood1, Athar Mahmud1, Jibran Hussain1, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi2, Muhammad Yaqoob3, Sohail Ahmad1 and Arshad Javid4,*
...day-old commercial broilers, 240 from each of the 3 strains (Ross 308, Cobb 500, Hubbard classic). All the chicks having uniform body weight were randomly distributed into 36 replicates having 20 birds each according to completely randomized design and were fed the same quantity of feed. The birds were subjected to 4 heating systems during brooding (Floor Heating, Diesel, Gas and Electricity Bulb). Growth performances, blood glucose, cholesterol level and econ...
Mujahid Niaz Akhtar* and Amjad Farooq
...al control programPredators are exploited to manage pest population. The objective of present study was to find relationships between predator’s Coccinellid septempunctata, Lynx spider and preys Helicoverpa armigera, Pectinophora gossypiella, Earias vitella populations found on cultivated cotton crops (government approved varieties) in Southern Punjab, Pakistan. Data was collected after ten ...
Muhammad Tufail1, Naila Chand1, Rafiullah1, Shakoor Ahmad2, Rifat Ullah Khan2, Muhammad Mobashar3 and Shabana Naz4,*
... percentage, weight of bursa, thymus and spleen. Significantly higher villus height, crypt depth and goblet cell count were recorded in MOS-100. It was concluded from the results that improvement in growth performance, intestinal histomorphology and relative weight of lymphoid organs in broiler chicks during finisher phase was attributed to MOS at the level of 100 mg/kg.
...
Khwaja Tariq Ziad1, Umar Hayat1, Muhammad2 and Muhammad Suleman Bacha3*
...r small-scale dairy farmers in Pakistan. The study aimed at explaining the costs of the chosen supply channels and their transaction costs, the role of the mid-agent opportunistic behaviour in the relative milk supply chain. Using case study and qualitative method approach, eight key informants including five farmers, one local middleman, and representatives of two dairy companies were interviewed during the study, focusing ...
Shamsher Ali1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan2, Zahir Shah2, Naveedullah3 and Abdul Jalal1
...Campus, Mardan, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar. The analyzed data parameters were percent emergence, plant height, number of leaves, shoots and roots weight. The results revealed that all data parameters except number of leaves were affected significantly (p < 0.05) by different levels of salinity. Irrespective of maize varieties, the percent emergence, plant height, number of ...
Mehran Ali1*, Inamullah1, Muhammad Bilal2, Salman Ali1, Farooq Nawaz1 and Muhammad Owais Iqbal1
... Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during summer 2016. The design used was randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement having four replications. Tillage implements (mould board plough, rotavator, disk harrow and cultivator) were used as main plot factor and N sources (control, cattle manure, poultry manure, sheep manure, mushroom spent, mungbean residue and urea) as subplot. The results exhibited that, improved bulk density...
Muhammad Amin1, Aftab Ahmad Khan2, Abida Perveen1, Zareen Rauf1, Sher Shah Hassan2*, Muhammad Arif Goheer2 and Muhammad Ijaz2
...istan faced one of the worst drought span drought in 50 years from 1998 to 2003 which harshly affected socially and economically. The present study was conducted on dry land areas of Punjab-Pakistan. The satellite data for NDVI were acquired from MODIS product MOD13A2 for years from 1996 to 2015. For the same period the data of 12-Month SPI values, GPCC ...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...of five aubergine cultivars was evaluated against Brinjal Fruit and Shoot Borer (Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) under field conditions. The cultivar Round White Brinjal showed maximum fruit infestation (54.44%) followed by Singhnath 666 (53.19%) while the minimum fruit infestation was observed on Round Brinjal 86602 (42.39%). Contrarily, Short Purple cultivar showed maximum larval population (0.43) followed by Round White Brinjal (0.39) while the minimum ...
Rahat Afza, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed and Muhammad Asam Riaz*
... of the potential predators of the canola and mustard aphids. But the application of insecticides in field to manage aphids cause impairment of several key biological traits of the exposed coccinellids through physiological and behavioral effects. It is crucial to understand the effects of insecticides on the coccinellids. The current research was aimed at determining the intra-guild predation (IGP) of different life stages ...
Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik1, Khalid Usman1*, Tahir Amin1, Muhammad Riaz2, Zafar Iqbal3 and Fiaz Hussain1
...t-tolerant cotton cultivars with zero tillage could be the best option. This research aims to quantify the impact of limited water on lint yield and quality of cotton genotypes. An experiment was managed in a split plot, randomized complete block design, replicated thrice at the Agricultural Research Institute, Dera Ismail Khan. The experiment was conducted in 2016 using treatments irrigation intervals (10, 15, 20 and 25 days) and Bt cotton varieties (MNH-886,...
Sumaira Maqsood1,*, Muhammad Afzal2, Muhammad Saleem Haider1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1, Muhammad Ali1, Muhammad Ashfaq1, Muhammad A. Aqueel2 and Muhammad Irfan Ullah2
...a commercial pest of diverse field crops comprising cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis). Current inspections were carried out to determine their impact on larval mortality, pupal and adult emergence by exposing three field strains of S. litura (Faisalabad, Chiniot and Sargodha), under laboratory conditions. Both NPV and Bt were applied using diet incorporation method. Two concentrations of a NPV based formulation (Somestar...
Zhen-li Li1,2, Hui-fang Zhou2,*, Bo-ru Zhou2, Bei Liu2, Xiao-fei Jiang2 and Jian-ya Xu2
...istone on sex hormones persist after drug discontinuation, possibly leading to luteal phase defect (LPD) and infertility. Recent studies revealed that mifepristone not only affects the ovary and uterus, but also the pituitary, resulting in LPD. Bu Shen Zhu Yun formula (BSZYF) was developed by Professor Guicheng Xia, a “great master in TCM.” It effectively cures LPD, while its effect on the pituitary is unclear. In this study, we aimed to explore th...
Bei Liu1, Yanli Hong1, Huifang Zhou1,*, Zhenzhen Cao1, Shuang Zhang1, Jing Jin1, Miao Jiang1, Cunsi Shen2 and Jianjian Ji2
...d key transcription factors in the downstream cAMP-PKA signaling pathways in RPC cells were also detected. The secretion and transcription levels of FSH and LH in Cetrorelix group were significantly decreased, while the expression of GnRHR was significantly increased compared to the blank group (p<0.05). Use of CSF with BSZYD alone showed no significant effect on the secretion of RPC, and the expressions of GnRHR and related hub genes in cAMP-PKA pat...
Hao Gu*, Zhi Yang, Weiqiang Yu, Kan Xu and Yuan-fei Fu*
...xtracted from chili peppers were selected to explore the antibacterial activity against the four cariogenic bacteria in terms of acid producing and biofilm. The antibacterial activity of capsaicin was evaluated by the minimal bactericidal concentration, change of pH in the first 12 h and OD values of biofilms. Besides, fluorescent images of exopolysaccharides and living bacteria of Streptococcus mutans were measured w...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Nosheen Fatima1, Raheel Babar3 and Ikramul Haq4
... as ecosystem and biodiversity. Any disruption in this balance may result catastrophic effect on the environment including impact on plant, animal and human life. Hence, efforts to maintain a healthy biodiversity through conservation are needed. Since the life is passing through the time of global warming and climate variation, new issues for farming community are on the rise. These issues are related to protection of natura...
Hamidullah1,*, Arshad Javid2, Basit Rasheed1,Jehan Zeb3, Abidullah1 and Muhammad Iftikhar Khan1
...cies.
...
Aisha Siddiqua1*, Munir Ahmad1 and Nusrat Habib2
...ge Impact Survey 2012-13’ used for this purpose. Crop-specific strategies of change in the time of sowing, use of inorganic fertilizer, change in irrigation, and varietal change. Change in irrigation practice gave rise to the highest yield suggesting that this might be the necessary requirement to sustain wheat growth in Pakistan in future. Farmers are expected to receive significant positive benefits from the adaptati...
Muhammad Naveed Afzal1, Muhammad Tariq1*, Muhammad Ahmad1, Khuram Mubeen2, Muhammad Ayaz Khan3, Muhamamd Umer Afzal4 and Shakeel Ahmad5
...n production. The two years’ field trials were conducted at Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan to test the hypothesis whether nitrogen (N) requirement varies with planting density (PD) for dry matter production, partitioning, nutrient use efficiency (NUE), lint yield and associated fiber properties. In this RCBD split plot experiment, two planting densities (8.88 and 4.44 plants m-2) were assigned to main plot a...
Syed Amjad Kamal Jan* and Naushad Khan
...re to determine the factors which affect the production per acre of rice and analyze the problems and constraints faced to rice grower in the study area. The universe of the study was Lower Dir District which consist of seven tehsil while on the basis of more production only two tehsils Balambat and Lalqila were purposively selected The total rice growers number in this district was37557, ...
Najeeb Ullah1, Niamat Ullah Khan2*, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Muhammad Safdar Baloch1, Ejaz Ahmad Khan1, Farkhanda Khan3 and Zaki Ullah4
...ed that CIM-602 ranked first in number of bolls/plant, weight per boll, seed cotton yield, staple length, strength and micrronaire in April 15 sowing. Former and later on cotton sowing than April 15 resulted in decreased cotton yield and fibre due to shorter growth phase and unsuitable environment, respectively. Thus it is concluded that the genotype, CIM-602 sown on April 15 suits well to the study area and had the potential to optimize cotton yield and quali...
Sonia1, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai1*, Noor Paio Khan2, Abbas Ullah Jan1 and Gulnaz Hameed3
...Panel data of wheat crop’s input and aforesaid climatic variables for the period of thirty years (1985-2015) was employed to figure-out the major findings. Econometric diagnostic tests were used to verify the model stability. Therefore, LM test was encompassed to detect the serial correlation. The result of Hausman test has suggested applying “Fixed Effect Model” for further analysis. Major estimates of the...
Mehwish Akram1,2,* and Naeem Rashid1
...ls are important modulators of cell function depending on the cell type of where they are expressed. They are involved in regulation of cell membrane resting potential, potassium homeostasis and control a variety of cellular functions including metabolism. In this study we determined that a regulator of Pigment dispersing factor, PDF-immunoreactive neurons in the Drosophila melanogaster adult brain, is an inwar...
Ali Murad Rahoo1,*, Tariq Mukhtar2, Barkat Ali Bughio3 and Rehana Kanwal Rahoo4
...PN) in Pakistan can be harsh and the survival of infective juveniles (IJ) following inundative applications would be quite short. The application of EPN in cadavers may be appropriate because of the non-availability of industrially produced isolates. Therefore, in the present studies, Galleria mellonella and Tenebrio molitor were compared for invasion and production of IJ of Steinernema feltiae and He...
Zhi YiJin1, Shao MingQin1,*, Cui Peng2 and Chen Bin1
...g in the Poyang Lake watershed in the Jiangxi province, China. The results showed that the Mandarin Ducks’ predominant behaviors were resting (36.56%), swimming (21.75%), foraging (20.88%), and maintenance (15.58%), indicating that during the winter, Mandarin Ducks spend most of their time accumulating energy. Mandarin Ducks reduced their energy consumption by increasing time spent o...
Kalimullah Khan1,*, Hafsa Zaneb2, Zia Ur Rehman3, Hamza Maris4 and Habib ur Rehman1
... intestine and feed conversion ratio (FCR) and did not affect the other zoo technical variables like body weight, feed consumption, and weight gain during the whole experimental period. Application of phytasefailed to exert any influence on the weights of gizzard, provetriculus, heart, liver, spleen and empty intestine. The weights and lengths of the small intestine were highly significant (P > 0.05) in the treatment groups. This study showed the potency of...
Supply Response Analysis of Wheat Growers in District Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa: Farm Level Analysis
Farhan, Shahid Ali* and Syed Attaullah Shah
...asticities of wheat growers in district Swabi of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. For this purpose, 160 wheat growers were selected through multi-stage stratified random sampling technique. Primary data was collected through well designed interview schedule. Normalized restricted trans log profit function was first approximated for further estimation of output supply and input demand elastici...
Dur-E-Shahwar1,2, Riaz Ahmad Sheikh1, Nazia Jamil2*
...e GenBank accession numbers obtained for F1, F3, F20, F23 and C16 were MH424576, MH161599, MH424577, MH424578 and MH424579 respectively.
...
Saira Zaheer1, Abrar Hussain1*, Aqsa Khalil1, Muhammad Mansha1, Muhammad Lateef2
...er every two to eight hours. Both A. lebbeck and C. sinensis exhibited 88% and 95% mortality at 6 & 8 mg/ml after 8 hrs of treatment. In conclusion, the ethanolic extracts of A. lebbeck L. and C. sinensis L. showed in vitro anthelmintic activity against H. contortus at concentrations tested.
...
Imran Bodlah1, Ammara Gull-E-Fareen1, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Muhammad Amin2, Ayesha Aihetasham3
...e) is recorded for the first time as larval parasitoid of Coccinella septempunctata (Linnaeus, 1758) and Menochilus sex maculata (Fabricius, 1781) from various areas of Pothwar. Main identification characters of N. mirabilis supported with measurements and illustrations are provided here with notes on distributional range.
...
Ali Awais, Charassri Nualsri and Watcharin Soonsuwon*
...nd to create new and diverse characters to a natural population, researchers sometimes opt for mutation breeding. This research has been done to investigate the effective doses of EMS and to observe the phenotypic variability of the two upland rice genotypes Dawk Pa-yawm (white rice) and Dawk Kha 50 (red rice), in Thailand. Seeds of the potential genotypes has been treated with varying EMS...
Noor ul Ain*, Malik Muhammad Shafi and Haidar Ali*
... estimated the household’s demand function for selected vegetables (Spinach, Pea, Potato and Cabbage-Cauliflower) in district Peshawar for the year April, 2017. Through proportion allocation technique a total number of 120 households were selected from two villages namely Landi Arbab and Deh Bahadar. Data was analyzed through Double log model for estimation of demand for the selected vegetables. It was found that household head in Landi Arbab includes 87...
Omer Baris Ince*
...001) in bovine by groups’ vaccine, age and gender. It was significant in sheep varying by groups vaccine-age (p<0.001) ...
Ummad-ud-Din Umar1, Syed Burhan-ud-Din2, Muhammad Fahad Khan1, Ateeq ur Rehman1, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar3, Azhar Ali Khan3 and Naila Ilyas1
...adiazole (BTH) as elicitors enhanced the resistance in mungbean plants by triggering the SA pathway. Induced resistance was assessed by evaluating the appearance of symptoms and detection of virus titter through ELISA. Different concentrations of SA and BTH were exogenously applied to activate the inherent resistance of mungbean by the production of defense associated compounds. All treatments were supportive in suppressing plant infection as compared to infec...
Naseer Ahmed Abbasi1, Mian Noor Hussain Asghar Ali1*, Bilawal Abbasi2, Shakeel Ahmed Soomro1, Najeeb Ahmed Khan Nangraj1, Jam Ghulam Mustafa Sahto1 and Sajjad Ahmed Morio1
...ut land manager and farmers face the main problem when and where to cultivate. The present study was aims to analyze the efficiency of the parametric and fuzzy set methods in the land assessment for wheat production of Tando Allahyar district of Sindh Province. The present study able to provide grade performance suitability of lands for agricultural purposes; it could be more helpful for farmers of the research area. Fuzzy A...
Hina Ali*, Iram Shaheen and Feroza Hamid Wattoo
...ted into sterile containers from the different localities of Rawalpindi such as Dhokekala khan, Morgah, Scheme-III, Gulshandadan khan, Satellite town, Dhoke kashmirian, Pandora, Bahria town, University campus (Mehr water) and Air Port. The pH of PMAS-AAUR campus water ( Mehr Water) was found within WHO recommended values (pH limit 6.5-8.5) whereas the pH of other water samples were ranged from 7.3-8.9.The salts values of Meh...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2,*, Muhammad Jafir1, Muhammad Wajid Javed1, Sumaira Maqsood3 and Samina J.N. Ahmad1,2,*
... I (COI) gene based primers were used for identification of this pest collected from various cotton fields in Punjab. Phylogenetic analysis was also complemented to differentiate DCB identified from other countries of the world. The PCR bands obtained in gel electrophoresis amplified PCR fragments from all DCB species at 710 bp. The sequencing results and phylogenetic analysis with sequences submitted at NCBI database revealed that DCB have 99-100% similarity ...
Muhammad Aslam Rajput1,3, Imtiaz Ahmed Khan2, Rehana Naz Syed3 and Abdul Mubeen Lodhi3*
...ng smut resistant cultivars. For evaluating a large number of propagative materials; standardized germplasm screening protocols as well as optimized inoculation techniques are required. The pathogen inoculation method should be less cumbersome, simple, and rapid. Here, we compared the effectiveness of six different inoculation methods, i.e., dipping, paste, wound+paste, soil infestation, spraying and injection methods for th...
Muhammad Ali1,2*, Norsida Man2 and Farrah Melissa Muharam2
...o the motivation of farmers. Perceptions of farmers could be influenced by a risky environment to become either risk averse or risk neutral. Indeed, less attention has been paid by researchers to empirically examine the motivation of farmers to manage their agricultural risks exclusively from the lens of Malaysia. Thus...
Rehmat Ullah* and Khalid Nawab
...ra Ismail Khan, Swat, Charsadda and Mansehra) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa selected through multi-stage sampling technique. Furthermore, four union council viz. Band Kurai, Baidara, Khanmai and Baffa from the sampled districts were selected. A total of 384 respondents were selected through unknown population sampling formulae i.e. 96 from each Union Council. Data were collected using well-structured interview schedule through perso...
Shakeel Ahmad Anjum1, Muhammad Mohsin Raza2, Sami Ullah1, 3*, Malik Muhammad Yousaf2, Ahmad Mujtaba1, Mumtaz Hussain2, Muhammad Jahangir Shah2, Bashir Ahmad2 and Ijaz Ahmad4
...omic Research Area, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with four replications. Net plot size was maintained 7.0 m × 3.6 m. Different tillage practices, i.e., deep tillage, conventional tillage, minimum tillage, simple cultivation flat sowing, simple cultivation ridge sowing, zero tillage dibbling and zero tillage drill were performed as the experimental treatments. Results showed that maize hybrid ...
Liqin Liu, Maoting Wang, Zhenming Lü, Li Gong*, ChangWen Wu, Baoying Guo and Lihua Jiang
...the tropical coastal waters of the Indo-pacific region. In this study, we developed twenty-one microsatellite loci for S. pharaonis through next-generation sequencing technology. A total of 100 alleles were detected, and the number of alleles per loci ranged from 2 to 9. The observed and expected heterozygosities per loci ranged from 0.000 to 0.531 and from 0.031 to 0.751, respectively. Polymorphism information content (PIC) showed that six loci were hi...
Nasira Khatoon1, Aly Khan2,*, S.S. Shahid3, Z.S. Saify4, M. Arshad Azmi1 and Wali Khan5
...iting Baqai Medical University were grouped into five categories based on their age at the first visit. The diagnosis was based on detailed history and clinical examination which included scraping of papillae or burrow to confirm the diagnosis. To test the incidence in various age groups and body parts a chi-square (χ²) test of association (R × C contingency test) was performed. The association of body ...
Khalid Khan1, Saima Liaqat2*, Somaiya Rasheed1 and Ihsanullah Kakar3
...resumption of households’ livelihood in district Lasbela, Balochistan. Livestock is a protagonist in stimulating the economy and improving people’s living conditions. The study used primary data which were composed via well-regulated questionnaires from one hundred livestock farmers of diverse Tehsil/Union Council of District Lasbela. The fin...
Ali Raza Jahejo1,2, Nasir Rajput2, Wen-xia Tian1,*, Muhammad Naeem2, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro2, Asmatullah Kaka2, Sheng Niu1 and Fa-jie Jia1
...bbard) one-day old broilers were reared under heat stress (38 ± 1°C) and randomly divided into three groups i.e. A, B and C as control, basil seed at 5g/kg and ascorbic acid at 200 mg/kg supplementation, respectively. Improvement of intestinal villus seen in basil supplementary group (P>0.05), and significant increase in the absorption of crude protein (CP), crude fibre (CF), and metabolized energy (ME). However, the values of red blood ce...
Fariha Latif* and Muhammad Javed
...with antioxidant parameters has gained considerable attention due to their use as biomarkers to assess contaminants impact on fish at earlier level of exposure. Fish from different species has diverse ecological needs and respond differently to the environmental stress conditions. Thus, the sensitivity, bioaccumulation and antioxidant capacities of three major carps Catla catla, ...
Wen Chao Liu1,2, Kwan Sik Yun3 and In Ho Kim2,*
...nd meat quality of broilers. A total of 512 male, one-d-old Ross 308 broilers with an average initial BW of 45.28 ± 0.81 g were randomly allotted to 4 treatments. Each dietary treatment consisted of 8 replicate cages, with 16 birds per replicate. The 4 dietary treatments were corn-soybean meal-based diets and supplemented with 0, 0.05, 0.10 and 0.15% 1,3-DAG, respectively. During d 1-14, with increasing the dietary 1,...
Muhammad Usman Ahmadand Ikram-ul-Haq*
...er 73 h. Kinetic parameters derived from double reciprocal Lineweaver-Burk plot showed Km values 8.49×10-3 M-1 and 4.75×10-3 M-1 of sonication and Emulsiflex prepared oxyrase membrane fragments, respectively for lactate as substrate.
...
Ajmal Khan Kassi1,*, Humayun Javed1 and Tariq Mukhtar2
...cially grown okra cultivars and resistance or susceptibility to Helicoverpa armigera is lacking, therefore, in the present study relationship between physico-morphic characteristics and resistance or susceptibility of okra cultivars to H. armigera was evaluated. The heights and stem girths of comparatively resistant varieties were statistically greater as compared to intermediate resistant and comparatively sus...
Abdul Wahaab1, Muhammad Ijaz1,*, Syed Saleem Ahmad1, Umair Iqbal2, Abdul Tawaab1 and Iahtasham Khan3
...on various blood parameters (WBC, RBC, Hb, HCT and MCHC). For this purpose, 40 infected animals were selected. After dividing them randomly in four groups of 10 animals each, drug was administered to first three groups whereas last one was kept under positive control for comparison. Study revealed that Triclabendazole was most effective drug of all three in both cattle and buffaloes with efficacy of 97.92% and 100%, respecti...
Muhammad Hidayat Rasool1,*, Muhammad Zaheer1, Muhammad Farooque Hassan2, Muhammad Shafique1 and Muhammad Usman Qamar1
...DDDT) and Modified Hodge’s test. In 152 specimens, different species identified in order of their frequency were; Klebsiella pneumoniae (59; 38.8%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (46; 30.3%), Escherichia coli (36; 23.7%), Klebsiella oxytoca (4; 2.6%), Serratia marcescens (3; 2%), Enterobacter agglomerans (2; 1.3%) and Enterobacter cloacae (2; 1.3%). Out of 103 carbapenem-resistant isolates, 58 (55.1%) were positi...
Hua-Lun Luo, Yi-Yu Zhang*, Yuan-Yu Qin and Lei Wu
...utation in exon 10 was first identified by direct sequencing approach, and resulted in three genotypes of AA, GA and GG. Association analysis demonstrated that the liver ChREBP mRNA expression level was significantly positive or negative effect on serum total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The g.247075G...
Ayesha Chaudhary1, Fouzia Mumtaz1, Muhammad Yaseen2* and Muhammad Younis Afzal3
... is increasing the earth’s temperature. The decrease in crop yield will cause another associated issue of food insecurity in the continent and emerge severe problem for a human to survive. Climatic change is definitely disturbing the farming approaches through an increase in disease spread, and careless usage of natural resources. Due to these effects, pastoral families are at high risk, hence there is a need to make farmers
Shahid Yousaf1*, Salman Khurshid1, Saqib Arif1, Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Qurrat ul Ain Akbar1, Najmus Sahar1 and Ghulam Rasul2
...mportant quality parameters. The study therefore has been designed to evaluate the efficiency of NIR in comparison with standard techniques. Thirty samples of wheat (including 11 varieties and 19 composite samples) were analyzed. Samples were widely varied in test weight (72.4-79.9 kg/hL) and wet gluten contents (15.4-31.5%) but showed narrow ranged moisture contents (10.8-13.3%). The NIR values were significantly related to the referenced values for test weig...
S. Justin Carlus1,*, Atiyeh M Abdallah1,2, Abdulhadi H. Al-Mazroea1, Mazen Khalid Al-Harbi3 and Khalid M Al-Harbi1
...udi Arabia. MTHFR rs1801133 and rs1801131 polymorphisms were genotyped in 99 CHD patients with or without DS and 126 ethnically matched controls by allelic discrimination. Of 99 patients with CHD, 26 had DS. MTHFR rs1801133 and rs1801131genotypes and alleles were not significantly different between controls and CHD patients. Further, in CHD...
Rishen Liang*, Meng Zhou, Zhenxiang Lin, Guozhang Li, Yuan Chen, Xuan Lin and Zaohe Wu
...f the two species were first determined. The genomes were 16,546 bp (P. orientalis) and 16,545 bp (P. vittatus) in size, respectively, which both consisted of a typical structure of 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transfer RNA genes, 2 ribosomal RNA genes, and one noncoding control region. Genomic composition, organization and gene order were similar to that obtained in most vertebrates. By comparative analysis of the two genomes, 941 variable sites ...
Sakhra Mahmood1, M. Younus1, A. Aslam1, A.A. Anjum2, S. Umar3, Aamerzish Mushtaq3 and M.L. Sohail4,*
...y effecting 25% of world’s food crops. To get optimum production performance from livestock and poultry, proper detoxification of AFB1 in feed is mandatory. This study was designed to analyze the biological detoxification potential of Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) in experimental quails fed with AFB1 added diets. For this purpose 180 quails, divided in 3 groups were reared and fed with 3 different experimental diets having 0.5 mg/kg of AFB1 contam...
Hande Küçükönder1, Pınar Çelebi Demirarslan1,*, Aykut Burgut2 and Mustafa Boğa3
...or which the output factors [(chicken survival rate (%), egg yield (%)] are optimized at the same time and the appropriate value ranges for the input factors [temperature (oC), humidity (%) and feed per hen (g)] that provide effectiveness ii) Determination of targeted improvement values for the ineffective months to become effective. With this hybrid approach, which is based on the integration of the Data Envelopm...
Umar Farooq Gohar1, Hamid Mukhtar1,*, Ali Nawaz1, Ikram-ul-Haq1 and Asad Mehmmood2
...ptimize physical parameters for the maximum production of antibiotic (cephalosporin) by isolated fungal strain Acremonium chrysogenum (IIB-10). The strain IIB-10 was cultivated on medium containing (%, w/v): Baker’s flour, 1.5; corn meal, 2; Methyl oleate, 1.6; calcium carbonate, 0.3 and ammonium sulphate, 0.1. The cultural conditions such as incubation temperature (30°C), pH (6.5) and inoculum size and age ...
Liyan Zhang1,2, Zhidong Zhou1,3, Haiping Li1,2, Yanlong Qiao4, 5 and Yueping Zhang1,3,*
...ait and its adjacent waters. The results of genetic diversity and genetic structure analysis of S. japonicus showed that these four populations exhibited moderate genetic diversity across the sampled geographical range of the species. However, no phylogenetic structure corresponding to geographic location was observed from the neighbor-joining (NJ) tree and haplotype network analyse...
Marian Kuczaj1, Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska2,*, Alicja Mizera1, Renata Pilarczyk2, Bogumiła Pilarczyk3 and Patryk Barton1
...g and environmental factors on the results of rearing heifers of the phf red-white variety. The research included 133 cows and heifers and their offspring, i.e. 116 calves only from single pregnancies. The calves were weighed and the zoometric measurements were carried out on the day of birth, at the age of 1 month and 6 months, and daily increments were calculated in the analyzed p...
Yang Liu1, Jing-xin Mao2, Xiao-dong Wei2, Man Yi2, Xiao-long Zhang2, Ke Zheng3, Xian-xin Chen4, Guo-Ze Wang5 and Bing-bo Chen1,*
...<0.05). For feed conversion rates in each group, the mixed fermentation BFA group had the highest feed efficiency, increased by 10.04% than the control group, followed by the yeast BFA group, with an increase by 4.14%. The mixed fermentation BFA group and lactobacillus fermentation BFA group had significantly reduced number of E. coli than the control group (P<0.05), while the number of lactobacilli was significantly increased than the control gro...
Iqra Bano1,*, Moolchand Malhi2, Pershotam Khatri3, Saeed Ahmed Soomro2, Hira Sajjad4, Ambreen Leghari5, Muhammad Awais2, Safia Kandhro6 and Shakeel Ahmed Lakho5 and Munaza Soomro7
...ss morphological parameters of testis by increasing its weight, thickness, and circumference. Besides this, the SY also improved the height of germinal epithelium of Seminiferous tubule and improved antioxidant status by enhancing the activities of GPx and T-SOD in both serum and testicular tissues.
...
Owen Flanagan, Mona Letourneau and Wenqing Zhao
...nd well-being. Philosophers and social scientists are attempting to provide precise definitions of ‘happiness’ and ‘well-being’, distinguish between happiness and well-being, taxonomize the varieties of each, and develop useful metrics for measuring happiness and well-being. The 2018 World Happiness Report (http://worldhappiness.report/ed/2018/), like its predecesso...
Mohammad Wasiullah Khan1*, Abdur Rab1, Roshan Ali2, Muhammad Sajid1, Faiza Aman1, Imran Khan3, Iqbal Hussain3 and Akhtar Ali3
...sed. The various parameters studied during experiment were tuber yield (ton ha-1), total soluble solids (TTS), specific gravity and starch content. Potassium and zinc application at various levels were significant for all parameters. Potassium applied at the rate of 120 kg ha-1 increased tuber yield (27.9 ton ha-1), TSS (5.099 °Brix), specific gravity (1.083) and starch content (14.83 %). Yield parameter was being maximu...
Muhammad Zulfiqar1*, Irshad Abbasi2, Himayatullah Khan1, Arjumand Nizami3, Abdul Hakeem4, Jawad Ali3 and Muhammad Jamal Khan1
...cipitation in Skardu occurs during the winter months (December to April). In general, monsoon period is dry, and only 18% of total annual precipitation occurs during the months of July-October. Burgay watershed is situated upstream of Satpara Dam. Water from this watershed is distributed among the communities according to historically agreed distribution...
Ayesha Khan*, Zubair Ahmad Khan, Urooba Pervaiz And Mehmood Iqbal
.... All agricultural officers and 40% of field assistants were interviewed making a sample of 81 extension agents; 10 agricultural officers and 71 field assistants. The study results indicate that 77% field assistants were educated up to Matric with two years diploma while 10% agricultural officers had M.Sc. (Hons) degree with the majority of extension age...
Tanweer Ahmed*, Kashif Saeed Khan and Mohammad Naeem
...s in the study. Pakistan’s agriculture growth has registered mixed trends from 1972 to 2014. Empirical evidence from developing countries suggests that public spending has a profoundly positive relationship with agricultural growth. Agriculture is the second largest sector of Pakistan’s economy, accounting for more than one-fifth of Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and employing almost half of the country&
Catherine J. Allen
...ered the political discourse of the Andean nations (Bolivia, Ecuador, Peru), serving as rallying points for networks of indigenous federations, environmentalists, NGOs and intellectuals united in a critique of neoliberal development paradigms. Ecuador and Bolivia have enshrined sumak kawsay and suma qamaña in their national constitutions. How does this political discourse correspond to indigenous no...
James Maffie
...y perceived human beings’ hold on life in these circumstances as inescapably “slippery” and thus fraught with hardship, pain, suffering, sorrow, hunger, disease, and death. Stubbornly refusing to surrender to despair, Aztec philosophers (tlamatinimeh) responded with what they called toltecayotl or “the art of living wisely and well.” Toltecayotl enjoined humans to pu
Brian Yazzie Burkhart
...om it. It is from this perspective of being that this essay tries to articulate a framework for understanding well-being that is both rooted in the land and in reciprocal kinship relationship with it. This essay examines Diné, Lakota, and Jalagi stories and language concepts for their rootedness in land in more than a material sense in order to provide a framework for a theory of well-being that s...
Madeeha Khalid and Amtul Jamil Sami*
...c gene family whose members contain regions of very similar conserved sequences making this gene a challenging candidate to analyze. Almost 90% of the sequence of growth hormone gene family members is similar and prone to single nucleotide variations. The sequence variation occurring in the non-coding region of the GH-1 gene leads to altered transcriptional regulation causing various developmental defects in humans. In this ...
Naveed Ahmad1,*, P.J.A. Siddiqui1, Amjad Ali1, Khan Mir Khan2, Rafaqat Masroor3, Noor ul Akbar4, Muhammad Amin5 and Mohammad Attaullah6
...owth. The best feed conversion ratio (FCR; 1.80±0.03) was also noted at P40 protein level. No significant (P>0.05) differences were found in the whole fish body proximate composition of protein, ash and moisture fed at different protein levels except for lipid content of fish body influenced significantly (P<0.05) by increasing protein in the diet. The second degree polynomial regression estimates that A. arabicus grows best w...
Zhen-Yang Wu1, Guang-Xin E2,*, Hui Ran1, Da-Hui Wang1 and Tian-You Yang1
...y, we determined the diversity and phylogeography of 10 geographic populations (252 individuals) from Tongren, Guizhou Province using 516-bp sequences of the mitochondrial D-Loop region. In total, 63 polymorphic sites, including four single-nucleotide polymorphisms and 59 parsimony-informative sites, and 18 haplotypes were detected. The number of haplotypes within populations ranged from one (WS and DJ) to six (JK). Haplotyp...
Dilshad Ahmad1* and Muhammad Afzal2
...mies, agriculture considers a major source of population feeding, employing and coactive partner of industrial growth. The purpose of the study was to analyze technical efficiency of Bt and Non-Bt cotton farmers in two core cotton districts Muzaffargarh and Rahim Yar Khan of Punjab, Pakistan. In this study, the stochastic frontier approach was employed for empirical analysis and multiple stages random sampling technique used...
Zafrullah Khan* and Shah Alam Khan
...rop in Pakistan. Myzus persicae is an insect pest of potato, feeding on phloem tissues of leaves of potato plant and significantly reduces the yield of potato. Antixenosis experiments were performed to assess the resistance potential of eight different potato cultivars against M. persicae under glasshouse conditions for three different durations of time (12, 24 and 48 hou
John Ogunsola1*, Richard E. Antia2, Benjamin O. Emikpe2 and Olajumoke A. Morenikeji3
...African setting. The understanding of challenges and prospects of captive breeding will aid conservation of zoo animals especially those endangered. This report evaluates unaided, sporadic, captive breeding of zoo animals over a 10-year span. Clinical records of observed gestation or egg-laying, as well as successful or failed parturition or hatching of various species of captive animals were obtained. The animals included reptiles, amphibians, aves and mammal...
Irfan Ullah*, Abbas Ullah Jan, Muhammad Fayaz, Amjad Ali and Atta Ullah Shah
...htunkhwa Pakistan to understand the demand for different food commodities and to determine the effects of important economic factors such as prices and income. Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LA/AIDS) model is used to estimate food demand patterns using the Household Integrated Economic Survey part of Pakistan Social and Living Standard Measurement for the year 2011-12. Fourteen food groups as per HIES includi...
Aqsa Khan1, Sabyan Faris Honey2*, Babar Bajwa2, Nelofer Jamil1 and Muhammad Sohail Mazhar2
...sect pest for apple growers in Balochistan province, Pakistan. To mass rear codling moth in the laboratory for different research purposes, three artificial diets with different compositions were evaluated for codling moth larvae. Two diets containing wheat germ in their composition as major protein source and one diet without wheat germ were used. Addition of wheat germ in the diet composition for larvae resulted in significantly high percent survival (maximu...
Alexus McLeod
...a, and as an aspect of personal survival.
...
Jesse Butler
...fferences across the diverse ways that humanity has understood itself, the tendency to emphasize differences can obscure important and revealing commonalities between worldviews as well. The goal of this article is to identify one such commonality among indigenous worldviews and their capacity to address our collective ecological well-being together on planet Earth. Specifically, I will argue that contemporary philosophe
Seth Ligo
...n the world and Hinduism’s most sacred pilgrimage destination, contemporary social networks are interwoven with historical and religious narrative. In fact, in this densely populated and ancient space it is imperative not only to know one’s extended family, one’s community, and one’s history, but also the history of the city more ...
Christine Jeske
...rlooked factor in people’s estimation of their own well-being: whether they and their surrounding social networks deem their life circumstances to follow a moral trajectory. Because multiple standards of morality compete within societies, this element of well-being is subject to constant negotiation. Attaining well-being depends not merely on having a certain bundle of resources, connections, or circumstances, but on gaining a tenuous moral approbation. ...
Kathryn Phillips and Katherine L. Schaefer
...ies what is good for a person, we argue that Jain well-being is best understood as a value souls possess, rather than bodies, that actions that contribute to well-being depend on where that soul is on the path to eventual bodily liberation, and that ultimately well-being is epitomized by the annihilation of desires. Turning to Western clinical ethics—Beauchamp and Childress’ in...
Ellen Y. Zhang
...I will approach Zhuangzi’s notion of happiness or a well-lived life by ascribing to his concepts of forgetfulness and flow. The paper aims to show that Zhuangzi’s idea of flow, from an experience-process perspective, resembles a certain aspect of the flow defined by Csíkszentmihályi’s motivational psychology, but it is mor...
Ai Yuan
...>ming 츱). This understanding of living a good life is dramatically different from the purposeful pursuit of well-being through action. Instead, to live a good life, the Zhuangzi requires one to uphold a form of courage (yong 澹) which requires one to willingly accept what is beyond human control without regret, anger, and useless struggle. Through this courage, one can participate in one&
Seth Robertson
...e that because of nunchi’s close relation to well-being and flourishing, that there is a strong case to be made for treating it as a virtue....
Tung-Yi Kho
... field research in China’s feted Special Economic Zone of Shenzhen, I examine here two competing visions and practices of the “good life” in contemporary China. I have labeled these the Modernist and the Relationist practices of the good life respectively. Although Chinese conceptions of the good life at the level of the state and of the general populace are today explicitly dominated by the project of modernization in all its grasping materi...
Jennifer Mei Sze Ang
...s to fill a gap in today’s literature on well-being studies from the existentialist tradition, through a selection of the early works of the father of French existentialism Jean-Paul Sartre. It questions whether existentialists can be considered “happy” by first discussing the supposed incompatibility between an authentic life filled with dread and despair and a life filled with generally more positive emot...
Sasha S. Euler
...ral differences in the pursuit of happiness, often described as East-West splits along categories such as highly expressed affect vs. quiet affect, self-assertion vs. conformity to social norms, independence vs. interdependence and the like. However, it is the overall goal of this article to show that whatever the normative content of a culture’s or subculture’s view of happine...
Jason Shepard1 and Tyra Turner2
Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Sidra Mushtaq1, Muhammad Tariq Malik2, Ummad-ud-Din Umar1, Ateeq ur Rehman1, Shoaib Fareed3, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4
...ian sub-continent. A diversity of plant pathogenic fungi has been identified and isolated from the various affected sheesham trees from Indian sub-continent, yet the actual cause of the diseases is still controversial. It is pertinent to mention here that no viruses or any bacteria has been reported from a singly tree in whole of the Indian sub-continent. Although the involvement of the insect&rs
Dilshad Ahmad1* and Muhammad Afzal2
...ivelihood of cotton farmers in Pakistan. Potential productivity in agriculture is possible with introduction of advanced mechanization, which is only feasible with financial injections in this sector. The study in hand has focused the role of credit in the cotton production of southern Punjab. Simple Random Sampling technique was used in the study for selecting the respondents in both districts of cotton area. Pre-tested questionnaire was developed for the col...
Syed Turab Raza1,*, Zhu Bo1,*, Zulfiqar Ali2 and Tang Jia Liang3
... this process shows conversion of harmful wastes into useful fertilizer....
Adile Tatliyer1,*, Sinan Bas1 and Serdar Yagci2
...Olkin (KMO) and Bartlett’s Sphericity tests to ascertain the suitability of factor score analysis. A result showed that implementation of factor analysis was appropriate for the studied data set at each period. At each period, factors whose eigenvalues which is the characteristic roots of a square matrix with p×p were higher than 1 were elected by applying the Varimax rotation in explanatory fac...
Shafique Ahmed Memon1,6, Arif Ali1*, Mehar-un-Nisa Narejo2, Ghulam Khaliq3, Imran Ali Rajput4, Muhammad Adeel1, Khalil Ahmed Memon5, Dzolkhifli Omar6, Muhammad Rashid7 and Abdul Rasool5
...reen lacewings as predators have a wide prey range, but not all preys are equally suitable for a single lacewing. Studies were carried out to evaluate the suitability of three aphid species on the pre-imaginal development of three species of green lacewings. Developmental stages of three different species of green lacewings, Chrysoperla nipponensis, Plesiochrysa ramburi and Apertochrysa sp. were provided with three different prey species, Aphis craccivora, Rho...
Khadim Hussain Wagan1*, Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli2, Jamal-U-Ddin Hajano1 and Abdul Ghani Lanjar2
...survive for months to years in soil and also over season in the seed. Therefore, population density and their aggressiveness to cause the disease is playing critical role for management of this pathogen. For such purpose colony forming units (cfu) per gram of soil and seed were determined and capability of previously characterized M. phaseolina isolates to cause the disease was tested on HO-1 variety. Additionally, most virulent isolate was characterized throu...
Muhamamd Naeem1 and Murad Khan2*
...ffects of different factors on seasonal fluctuations in the poultry industry, a descriptive statistic as well as OLS technique was used. The main cost of winter season consists of feed cost, lighting cost, the price of day old chicks, breeding cost, medication and vaccination cost. These costs were high in the winter season than the summer season. The mortality rates were also high in the winter season. The lighting cost was comparatively less in summer season...
Salman Anwar1, 2*, Farhan Anwar Khan3 and Atta-ur-Rahman4
...the backbone of Pakistan’s economy. About 70% of its population is directly or indirectly associated with this sector. Gilgit-Baltistan is a vast mountainous and remote area in the extreme north of Pakistan.. The inhabitants of this area are mostly engaged in the agricultural sector. Before the construction of KKH, their mode of agriculture system was subsistence and crude techniques were applied due to non-availability of modern machines and techniques....
Muqader Shah1,*, Hafsa Zaneb2, Saima Masood2, Rifat Ullah Khan1, Salahud Din1, Shakirullah3, Imad Khan2, Ambrina Tariq4 and Habib ur Rehman5
...) in T6. However, tibiotarsal index decreased significantly (P<0.01) in T5. In conclusion, Zn and probiotic ameliorated the negative effect of HS. However, the bone parameters were not greatly affected by HS and the supplements....
Shehzad Ghayyur1,3, Sadia Tabassum1, Munawar Saleem Ahmad2, Naveed Akhtar1 and Muhammad Fiaz Khan1,*
...eral biochemical parameters, the level of blood glucose, cortisol and cholesterol were significantly increased (p < 0.05), which is an adaptive response to the stressor agent, while total plasma proteins and triglyceride level were significantly decreased (p < 0.05)....
Arjumand Nizami1, Jawad Ali1 and Muhammad Zulfiqar2*
...n to climate change. Understanding occurrence and impacts of hydro-meteorological disasters on people’s well-being and which livelihood assets are significant for identifying coping strategies to deal with disasters are important ingredients to increased resilience of communities living in disaster prone areas. This study relies on the data collect...
Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Afzal1, Yasir Iftikhar2, Samina Khalid3, Zahoor Hussain4, Jaime Molina-Ochoa5,6 and John E. Foster6
... insect pest of citrus nurseries as well as orchards in Pakistan. The aim of this study was to assess the effectiveness of some synthetic insecticides and essential oils against citrus leafminer larvae. Two laboratory bioassays, leaf dip bioassay (LDB) and topical bioassay (TB) were developed to check the efficacy of tested chemicals and essential oils. As seen from results, abamectin showed significant mortality (63.5%) of CLM larvae when topical bioassay was...
Amna Younus1,3, Mariam Faiz2 and Abida Yasmeen1,*
Zhi Yijin and Shao Mingqin*
...e merganser) in four rivers of the Poyang Lake water system, Jiangxi province, China. Spatial and temporal variations in population size were ascertained for this endangered species. The Xiuhe, Fuhe and Raohe river systems exhibited large steady populations, with the maximum size ranging from 25 to 68 individuals for each river. Restoration and maintenance of suitable habitats for the scaly-sided merganser is imminent as the species is at risk of extinction du...
Abdul Khaliq1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1,*, Muhammad Afzal1, Akhlaq Ahmad2 and Yasir Iftikhar3
... flour beetle after 24hours while, at 400ppm showed same resistance level in all. At 500ppm, lesser grain borer (LGB) was more susceptible as compared to others as in rice weevil. Nicotiana tabacum (L.) and Calotropis procera (Aiton) oil both at 15% were most lethal to LGB, weevil and red flour beetle after 72hours following by effect of Datura stramonium (L.) and E...
Xu Lijie, Obaid Ullah, Liu Haixing, Ihsan Ali, Zhongshu Li* and Nan-Zhu Fang*
...s. Peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) functions in the nuclear regulatory factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant pathways by binding to the promoters of antioxidant genes and regulates the expression of genes that associate with NADPH oxidase. To understand the role of PPARγ in the development of early embryos and define the mechanism responsible for the arrest in d...
Azam Ali* and Amjad Farooq
...rvesting seasons. Predators (Chrysoperla, Geocoris and Argiope) population was also observed. Percentage of host plant susceptibility index (HPSI) for each cotton variety was also calculated. One way ANOVA was used to analyzed the data statistically. Variety and year had significant (P<0.05) effect on pest populations, eggs count and predator’s populations. It was found that Bt cotton was more r...
Farhana Gul1*, Dawood Jan1 and Muhammad Ashfaq2
...lobal threat to all sectors of economy, particularly agriculture sector. Pakistan, being exposed to extreme events and low adaptation potential, is highly vulnerable to climate change. Benefits of adaptation strategies and associated impact on net farm returns, per capita income and poverty rates of wheat producers using extensive farm survey data from 150 farmers from different climatic z...
Saeed Ullah1, Muhammad Israr1*, Shakeel Ahmad2, Nafees Ahmad3 and Asif Yaseen4
...LD) is an expanding universal problem influenced all areas of human prosperity. This research contributes to this end by analysing the perceptions of farmer and its socio-economic influences towards LD in four purposively selected union councils i.e. Toru, Ghari Kapoora, Lund Khwar, Katlang-1 of district Mardan. A total of 90 farmers were selected through proportionate simple random sampling from 857 register farme
Saqib Bashir* and Bashir Ahmad
...esearch Farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar to observe the effect of pigeon pea green manuring on performance and subsequent nitrogen fertilizer requirement of wheat crop during 2013 and 2014. The experiment was carried out in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangements having four replications. Pigeon pea green manuring treatments as 0, 30, 60, 90 and 120 days post emergence were allotted to main plots, where crop was incorporated...
Manzoor Hussain1, Muhammad Awais2, Farhatullah3, Saiqa Bibi1, Muhammad Rameez Khan3, Afifa Khalid1 and Sajid Ali3*
...oss location and over-years crown rust resistance response of these genotypes must enable their exploitation in oat genetic improvement and crown rust control. ...
Shaher Bano1, Nadia Naseem2 and Sarah Ghafoor1,*
...f TGF-α in SLG occurs with progression of post-natal salivary gland development. This decrease in TGF-α expression in SLG occurs earlier and is moreas compared to that of the SMG....
Jawaria Shaheen1, Samiah Shahid1, Sabahat Shahzadi2, M. Waheed Akhtar1,3 and Saima Sadaf1,*
...esterone and HER2 receptors. We aimed to identify a panel of circulating miRNAs which can act as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers specifically for TNBC. The blood samples were collected from 37 TNBC diagnosed patients and 34 age-matched non-TNBC controls to investigate the expression of miRNA panel. Plasma was isolated by standard protocol of centrifugation and then isolation of total RNA including miRNA was done. About ...
Abdul Maalik1, Shahzad Ali1,*, Anam Iftikhar1, Muhammad Rizwan1, Haroon Ahmad2 and Iahtasham Khan1
...e and possible risk factors of subclinical mastitis along with antibiotic resistance of one of the causative agent of bovine mastitis, Staphylococcus aureus. Ninety milk samples were collected from cows and buffaloes kept at different localities in district Kasur, Punjab, Pakistan. The possible risk factors inquired from farmers were animal type, breeds, urbanicity, age (yea
Saleha Gul1,2, Muhammad Khisroon2, Ajmal Khan2, Attaullah1, Saira Gul3 and Gul Nabi Khan1,4,*
...cancer. However, the adverse effects of cigarette smoke on other tissues are largely unknown. We explored the genotoxic effects of tobacco smoke on peripheral lymphocytes of active and passive smokers. Blood samples were isolated from 100 males’ including 25 active-, 25 passive- and 50 non-smokers. Alkaline comet assay was done and classes were def...
Huma Khalil1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Sajjad Khalil1, Farghama Khalil2 and Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel1
...gate the seasonal biodiversity of braconid parasitoids in citrus orchards of Sargodha, Pakistan. Surveys were done during January 2014 to December 2015 from various citrus growing localities. A total of 3,176 parasitoids belonging to five subfamilies (Alysiinae, Aphidiinae, Braconinae, Microgastrinae and Opiinae), 12 genera and 16 species were collected. Out of them, two genera and 12 species were recorded for the first time...
Iram Maqsood1,2,3 and Ke Rong *1,2
...tly merely two crocodile’s species has been enjoying this universe, and one of them is Chinese alligator (Alligator sinensis) who is at the edge of extinction in nature. Approximately, 130-150 individuals left in wild. Habitat loss is considered as a major source of population decline of this precious species. Consequently, for the sake of A. sinensis conservation, China took steps with the top priority o...
Bata Shalangwa Ishaku1, Batim Turdam1, Maimadu Abdullahi1, Waziri Ibrahim Anjili2 and Mayowa Olabode2
...prevalence and risk factors for endoparasitic infections in donkeys at Ganawuri district market, Plateau State, North Central Nigeria. Fecal and blood samples were collected from 300 donkeys and analyzed using a standard laboratory procedure. Coprological examination conducted using flotation and sedimentation techniques showed that 276 (92.0%) were positive for gastrointestinal nematodes. A greater proportion (70.7%) of the nematodes were Strongyles followed ...
Asad Sultan1, Rabia Ali1, Rifat Ullah Khan2,*, Sarzamin Khan1, Naila Chand1 and Ambrina Tariq3
...in anti-nutritional factors hamper the bioavailability of nutrients and need to be addressed to avoid compromised birds’ performance. The present study assessed the impact of phytase on enhancing the nutrient retention and phosphorus utilization in two different sorghum cultivars fed to broiler. In an open sided house, a total of 160, 14-days-old broilers
Muhammad Zain Saleem1,*, Raheela Akhtar1, Asim Aslam1, Muhammad Imran Rashid2, Zafar Iqbal Chaudhry1, Muhammad Adeel Manzoor1, Bilal Ahmed Shah3, Rais Ahmed4 and Muhammad Yasin5
...ure, presence of reservoirs host in a farm, which might be the main risk factors for cross-infection of Brucella species in their non-specific hosts. B. abortus could be identified as causative agent of caprine and ovine brucellosis in Pakistan. Results of this study can be used for the development of effective eradication and control strategies for brucellosis in small ruminants.
...
Fazal Abbas1, Muhammad Ijaz1,*, Zunaira Akhtar1, Khalid Mehmood2, Muhammad Zeeshan Hyder3 and Umair Iqbal4
Guo-hai Wang1, Zai-xi Yang1, Pan Chen1, Wei-ning Tan2 and Chang-hu Lu1,*
...nt>....
Tazeen Jamil, Saba Ijaz, Rabia Arif*, Faiza Akram and Muhammad Saleem
...le source of genetic diversity due to their abundance in eukaryotic genomes and their insertion in coding regions leads to altered gene expression. We examined the diversity of retroelements in four consecutive generations of different strains of Sordaria fimicola. The parental strains werecollected from two contrasting environments of Evolution Canyon i.e. harsh South facing...
Faiz-ul Hassan1,*, Muhammad Sajjad Khan1, Muhammad Saif-ur-Rehman1, Syed Muhammad Raihan Dilshad2 and Muhammad Amjad Ali3
......
Ihsan Ullah Khan*, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Ayub Khan, Muhammad Ashraf, Ashiq Saleem, Sundas Awan, Samra Azam and Shamim Ul Sibtain Shah
...ealed in this study, offers good prospects for the future use of hybrid breeding in sunflower if genetically more diverse germplasm is incorporated in breeding programs. ...
Amer Mumtaz2*, Muhammad Suhail Ibrahim1, Nouman Rashid Siddiqui2, Muhammad Naeem Safdar2, Masooma Munir2, Aqsa Qayyum2, Sahar Shibli2 and Muhammad Khalid Ibrahim3
...d when bubble produced bursts it results in mechanical energy responsible for inactivation of the pathogenic organisms present in food by poration and DNA fragmentation. Ultrasounds have diversified application in meat industry, extraction of bio actives, dairy industry, Enzyme technology, fruit and vegetable juice industry, water, waste water treatment, starch modification and removal of food allergens from food. ...
Mahroze Fatima1*, Muhammad Afzal2 and Syed Zakir Hussain Shah3
Ahmed Ali Samejo* and Riffat Sultana*
...llow strips after two hours of hatching, when they were placed in crowded condition. However, they remained green, when they were in solitary condition. Solitarious hoppers were passed through five nymphal stages during development into adult in field as well as in laboratory condition. Comparative morphometry revealed that in relation to previous stages 2nd and 3rd nymphal stages gained much more lengt...
Bibi Nazia Murtaza1,2, Azhar Qayum3, Shamaila Inayat Nadeem1, Naif Awdh Al-Maliki4, Abdulaziz Alamri4 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori2,5,*
...s ‘disease causing’ and protein stability analysis revealed p.G138V to be more destabilizing variant than p.E31K. When three-dimensional structures of variants were subjected to molecular docking with GTP, the mutated KRAS showed low binding affinity to the GTP as compared to the wild-type KRAS protein.
...
Faiza Jabeen1,*, Bushra Muneer2 and Javed Iqbal Qazi3
...were able to utilize sugars like fructose, Maltose, mannose, xylose, sacchorose, sorbitol, mannitol, Arabinose and polysaccharides like gelatin and starch. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that both isolates belong to the same specie Anoxybacillus rupiensis with 99% similarity under Accession number KF254911 (JF82) and KC849452 (JF83). The DNA G + C contents were 56.854% and 56.754% for A. rupiensis JF82 and A. r...
Sumreen Hayat1,6, Muhammad Hussnain Siddique2, Bilal Aslam1, Habibullah Nadeem2, Asma Ashraf3, Muhammad Saqalein1, Mohsin Khurshid4, Naveed Shahzad5 and Saima Muzammil1,*
... found to be ESBL producers as observed by double disc synergy test while the tested ESBL genes were detected in 56.52% of isolates. The studyrevealed multidrug resistance phenotypes among K. pneumoniae isolates with higher prevalence of ESBL producing Klebsiella pneumoniae among the children with urinary tract infections. Based on our findings, it is recommended that the ESBL production should be routinely monitored especially among the K.
Ragia S. Mohamed1, Rania F. El Naggar2, Mamdouh. M. Hamoud1, Mohamed M. Hamoud3, Abdulrhman M. Gamal1, Samah E. Laban1, Shimaa A.E. Nasr1, Manal M. Zaki1, ElShaimaa Ismael1, Osama K. Zahran1*
...rcentage and pH on the persistence of velogenic NDV genotype VII in the poultry manure which considers a major threat to the Egyptian poultry industry since 2011 onwards. In the present study, manure of specific pathogen free (SPF) chicks was contaminated with allantoic fluid of 8 log2 NDV and kept at room temperature then daily examination of poultry manure for the survival of NDV on the basis of virus isolation and haemagg...
Ping Zhang1,2, Yabin Pu1, Yu Zhang2, Jia Chen2, Kunfu Wang3, Qian Li3, Yujiao Sun3, Yuehui Ma1, Shuqing Jiao2,* and Weijun Guan1,*
...d CD45 which are the makers of MDSCs. Finally, MDSCs were induced into Adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondrocytes and neuron-like cells by the optimized inducing medium. After the two-step digestion and differential attachment technique, high purity MDSCs were successfully cultured. MDSCs were identified by round or short spindle cell, and gathered into clusters; The average doubling time and clone efficiency of the cells were 35...
Muhammad Nasir1,*, Ata-ul-Mohsan2, Shafqat Saeed3, Munir Ahmad2, Muhammad Asif Aziz2 andMunir Ahmad4
...early emergence of the first worker in a colony was also observed at three months diapause period at diapause temperature of 1-3 ºC. Larger colony size with the highest number of workers, males and progeny queens were also observed at 1-3 ºC for three months period which suggests the importance of diapause conditions on bumblebee colony characteristics.
...
Zhaochao Deng1, Na Song2, Yongzhen Li3, Tianxiang Gao1 and Zhiqiang Han1,*
...tructure and genetic diversity of L. olivaceus, a 495 bp segment of mitochondrial DNA control region was sequenced. We collected a total of 65 individuals from three archipelagos (Xisha, Zhongsha and Nansha) in the South China Sea and 107 polymorphic sites were obtained defining 39 haplotypes. Based on the NJ tree, two distinct lineages were detected, with strong frequency differences in the geographical distribution. Both lineages were found in Xisha a...
SiRui Wang1,2, Fekede Regasa Joka1,2, XiaoLong Wang1,2,* and SuYing Bai2,*
...d birds are rare. To understand the antiviral site of the Myxovirus-resistance (Mx) protein in the evolution of different wild birds, 10 wild bird species, including Anas formosa, Anas crecca, Anas strepera, Mergus squamatus, Accipiter nisus, Buteo hemilasius, Buteo lagopus, Passer montanus, Psittacula roseata and Emberiza elegans, were selected.The sequences of the GTPase effector domain (G...
Ashfaque Ahmed Nahiyoon1,*, Shahina Fayyaz2 and Nasira Kazi2
...was to determine the diversity of plant parasitic and soil nematodes associated with cotton plants in Sindh. During 2017–2018 extensive surveys were conducted at the time of cropping and at harvesting and soil root samples were collected from different fields in the cotton producing regions of five districts of Sindh viz., Sanghar, Mirpurkhas, Umerkot, Mityari and Tando Allahyar. The analysis of samples resulted in the identification of one new sp...
Muhammad Nasir1,*, Ata-ul-Mohsan2, Munir Ahmad2, Shafqat Saeed3, Muhammad Asif Aziz2, Muhammad Imran4 and Umer Ayyaz Aslam Sheikh4
...rdm;C. Different parameters in the initial stage of colony growth like pre-oviposition period and emergence timing of the first worker were observed best at 28 and 30 ºC. Number of workers produced in the first brood and in the total lifespan of the colony was also observed higher at 28 ºC. Higher number of progeny queens was produced at temper...
Tianlong Cai1, Falk Huettmann2, Kisup Lee3 and Yumin Guo1,*
...and 14 environmental layers as predictors. Results show that the Songnen Plain and Korea Peninsula are the most important stopover habitats. Four other major areas are also suitable for stopover: (i) the coastal area of the Bohai Sea, (ii) the Three Rivers Plain-Amur River Basin, (iii) the Torey Lake Basin and the (iv) Zeya River-Heilongjiang River. The gap analysis revealed that existing ...
Saud Khan and Inamullah*
...esearch Farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar (Pakistan) during summer 2017. Split plot arrangement of the Randomized Complete Block design was used with four replications. Tillage instruments including mouldboard (MB) plough, cultivator and rotavator were allotted to main plots and P levels (control, 30, 60, 90 and 120 kg ha-1) to subplots. MB plough applied one time was followed by cultivator; while cultivator and rotavator were applied once in sepa...
Qaizar Ahmed1, Fida Mohammad2, Sheraz Ahmed2*, Sultan Akbar Jadoon2, Imtiaz Ali2 and Ajmalud Din2
... of seven tobacco cultivars which were hybridized in full diallel mating system at the Tobacco Research Sub-station, Mansehra, Pakistan during 2007. Thereon, seven parents and their forty-two F1 hybrids were sown during 2008 and 2009 at the Tobacco Research Station, Mardan (plain) and the Tobacco Research Sub-station, Mansehra (hilly). Locations in each year were considered as independent environments: Mardan 2008 as environment-1; Mansehra 2008 as environment...
Fukuan Du1,2, Yongkai Tang1, Juhua Yu1, Shengyan Su1, Fan Yu1, Jianlin Li1, Hongxia Li1, Meiyao Wang1 and Pao Xu1,2,*
...asus. These SSR markers should not only be useful for population conservation, but also for construction of genetic linkage map and economic performance improvement of C. nasus.
...
Fady Samir1, Rania F. El Naggar2, Mohamed M. Hamoud3, Manal M. Zaki1, Abdulrhman M. Gamal1, Samah E. Laban1, Shaimaa A. E. Nasr1, El Shaimaa Ismael1, Osama K. Zahran1*
...ork is to estimate the persistence time for velogenic Newcastle disease virus (NDV) of genotype VII in poultry manure in compare to LaSota vaccine strain as a model of genotype II. Velogenic NDV of genotype VII are a major threat to the Egyptian poultry industry since 2011 onwards with continuous evolution and diversity. In the present study, manure from specific pathogen free (SPF) chicks was contaminated with allantoic flu...
Muhammad Khalil Nawaz, Sayyed Ghyour Abbas, Muhammad Akbar Khan, M. Adeeb Babar*, Muhammad Asim, Rabia Shahid and Muhammad Akhtar
...been described for the first time from the Siwalik Group. The newly discovered remains are fruitful to understand the fauna of this Middle Miocene locality and excavated material expands our anatomical knowledge about the recorded species.
...
Huma Naz1,*, Sajid Abdullah2, Khalid Abbas2, Wardah Hassan3, Moazama Batool4, Shakeela Perveen5, Sadia Maalik4 and Sajida Mushtaq4
...The glutathione S-transferse activity followed the order: brain>muscle>liver>gills>kidney>heart. However, catalase activity was significantly (P<0.05) increased in liver, gills and kidney of pesticides mixture exposed L. rohita as compared to control while it was decreased in brain, heart and muscle.
...
Fan Yi1,2, Xiaobin Yang1, Shigen Ye1, Hua Li1 and Ruijun Li1,*
... study, 300 olive flounders (Paralichthys olivaceus) were stochastically divided into four experimental groups: basal diet feeding group, 0.5% HCT continuous feeding group, 1% HCT feeding group, and 1% HCT interval feeding group. Three replicates were set for each treatment, and 25 fish were stocked on each replicate. The results of continuous feeding experiments showed that the continuous addition of 0.5% and 1% HCT feed for 28 days could very markedly...
Aisha Khalid1, Muhammad Tayyab1,*, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Tahir Yaqub2, Ali Raza Awan1, Muhammad Wasim1, Shagufta Saeed1, Sehrish Firyal1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori3
...s focused due to its diverse range of application in industry. In the present study, conditions were optimized for the maximal production of recombinant thermostable cellulase from Thermotoga naphthophila using BL21-CodonPlus (DE3) cells as expression host and pET28a as expression vector. Effect of various concentration of Isopropyl β-D-1-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG), post induction time, effect of temperature and pH were examined for the maximal p...
Fakhra Soomro1,*, Riffat Sultana2 and Muhammad Saeed Wagan2
... passed through six instars larvae. Emergence of larval instars in both species was started from the month of July just after monsoon rainfall, whereas, S. savignyi immature emerges earlier than S. rubescens rubescens and increases their density rapidly in open grounds and rocky areas. Immature stages were found exclusively geophiles in nature and usually giving two generation in a year but occasionally third g...
Muhammad Adnan Islam1,2*, Muhammad Iqbal2, Zia-ul-Haq2,3, Muhammad Mohsin Ali1, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood1, Shabbir Ahmed Kalwar1, Liaqat Ali Shahid1, Badar Munir Khan Niazi1 and Muzammil Husain1
... is delayed and the farmers sown wheat in the December and January due to long process of field preparation by conventional method. Zone disc tiller machine developed in the department of Farm Machinery and Power, was employed for sowing wheat instead of conventional tillage in cotton stubble to avoid further late sowing of wheat. Zone disc tiller drill sows crop in strips. Strip tillage of soil reduced labour, fuel, irrigation and machinery costs. Zone disk t...
Abdul Kabir1, Laiba Uroog2*, Naushad Ahmad3, Fawad Ahmad3, Muhammad Saqib3, Noor Badshah4 and Taj Ali Khan3
...mic losses to dairy farmers. It mainly occurs due to non-contagious environmental bacterial species. In Pakistan, it is the major disease of different dairy animals including bovines. However, only a little information is available about bacterial profile of the disease. A cross-sectional study was conducted to find the Etio-prevalence of bacterial species causing subclinical mastitis in a cohort of buffaloes at Khyber Pakh...
Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi*
...resistant varieties appears to be better option for the disease’s management. Evidence from my laboratory suggest that biological control is the best option having ecofriendly activities for the management either using botanicals or through some biological agents. Formulations of various botanicals along with biological agents may be commercializing to help farmers to combat the dise...
Zahra Nazir1, Saba Ijaz1, Roquyya Gul2 and Mahjabeen Saleem1,*
...lex polysaccharide polymers of plant tissues into simpler monomer like D-galacturonic acids. In this study, polygalacturonase from grape skin was purified by salting out with ammonium sulfate, gel filtration on Sephadex G-75 column and ion exchange on Q-Sepharose column chromatography. Polygalacturonase was recognised as a protein with 47kDa molecular weight by SDS-PAGE. The optimum pH of purified polygalacturonase activity was found to be 4.5 and stable withi...
Anum Khursheed1, Malik Muhammad Shafi2 and Haidar Ali2*
...ograms in different sectors regarding livestock. Livelihood of about (80%) of the sampled respondents had improved after training. Study concluded that AJKRSP has enormous effect on local community which contributed positively to livelihood of local community. ...
Arshad Farooq* and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...angement of various factors such as land, labor, finance and management practices etc. This article assessed the knowledge gap of improved cane management practices in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan. Sugarcane growers were selected randomly and Data were collected through interview schedule from 285 respondents in D.I. Khan and Mardan districts during sugarcane cropping season, 2018. Knowledge gap index was applied as...
Aziz Ur Rahman* and Syed Mehar Ali Shah
... with three check cultivars namely Pakhal, Kashmir Basmati and Fakhr-e-Malakand. The genetic material was planted in alpha lattice design using three replications across different locations namely Peshawar, Swat, Manshera and Charsadda of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan during 2017. Pooled analysis of variance indicated significant (p≤0.01) differences among the environments, genotypes and GEI for spikelets pa...
Hafiz Umar Farid1, Muhammad Zubair2, Zahid Mahmood Khan1, Aamir Shakoor1*, Behzad Mustafa1, Aftab Ahmad Khan3, Muhamad Naveed Anjum4, Ijaz Ahmad5 and Muhammad Mubeen6
...evaluate certain parameters which keep systems functional as well as ensure adoptability of these systems at farmer’s fields. A total of 30 sites were selected randomly in Punjab province of Pakistan where HEIS were installed. Twelve parameters were selected based on the survey conducted that influenced the HEIS functionality as well as adoptability. The selected paramete
Bushra Siddique1,*, Muhammad Tariq1, Muhammad Naeem1 and Muhammad Ali2
...olling herbivores in diverse botanical ecosystems. Different chemical cues help to correspond in diversity of associations between prey and host plant species. Recent studies exhibited that the use of natural enemy is an ecofriendly measure to control pests. The Seven spotted ladybird beetle, Coccinella septempunctata play a prominent role in aphid management. It exploits several different cues released by plants to i...
Rıfat Ertekin1*, Mete Ozkurt1, Gokhan Kus2 and Selda Kabadere1
...ol group. Considering overstimulation of COX-2 paths in emergence of cancer or in metastasis, this study shows TA has an antiproliferative and stimulating effects on apoptosis of LNCaP cells based on the dose and duration of exposure.
...
... in Marine Biology, University of Karachi, Pakistan has exploited the peer-review process in the Journal of Zoology by generating fake reviewers email addresses. This led to an in-depth investigation by the Editorial Team and Executive Council of Zoological Society of Pakistan. The editorial team had written confidentially to all the reviewers at their official addresses, the list of which...
Muhammad Rehan1, Asim Aslam1, Muti-ur-Rehman Khan1, Muhammad Abid2, Shakeel Hussain3, Javeria Umber4, Ahsan Anjum1 and Altaf Hussain2*
...nsidered natural reservoirs of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) and some common resident or migratory wild birds are associated with outbreaks of ND in commercial poultry in Pakistan. Continuous isolation of new genotypes in Pakistan shows the evolving nature of the virus and the emergence of new strains is limiting in its diagnosis and control. Pakistan is a developing country and poultry industry is the backbone of its economy. Recent outbreaks have caused huge...
Hamid Ali, Muhammad Arshad, Ibad Ullah Jan, Muhammad Zamin*, Junaid Khan, Ikram Ullah and Mushtaq Ali
...ch was conducted at University of Swabi during summer 2018 to evaluate the performance of tuberose under various concentrations of gibberellic acid and micronutrients. Experiment was laid in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) using two factors i.e. gibberellic acid and micronutrients with three replications. Both the factors gibberellic acid (GA3) and micro nutrients had their signifi...
An Empirical Analysis of Livestock Activities of the Model Farm Service Center in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Tariq Shah1*, Umar Hayat1, Muhammad Suleman Bacha2 and Muhammad3
...re the knowledge of farmers and their linkages with government as well private sector for livestock improvement in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province. A total of 480 respondents from four districts, namely Swat, Mardan, Abbotabad and Dera Ismail Khan were randomly selected for interview purpose. Descriptive statistical techniques along with independent sample t-test and dummy variable regression were used for analysis. It is observed during the study that livest...
Muhammad Nasrullah1*, Liu Chang1, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai2, Asaad Osman Khalid1, Rachel Bayisenge1 and Gulnaz Hameed3
...tability of tobacco growers in one of the district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (Mardan). Tehsil Takht bhai was selected through purposive sampling among the three Tehsil of district Mardan. A sample of 120 growers was selected and interviewed randomly through a prepared well- structure questioner. Different practices were grouped into five parts. Land rent of the respondent area was 61,750 rupees per hectare; nu
Shahid Ali1*, Asim Khan1, Aftab Khan1 and Bakhtawar Riaz2
... farms and to catch factors if any causing technical inefficiency in tomato production. 90 farmers were selected through multi-stage proportional allocation sampling techniques. Data was collected by using a well-structured interview schedule. Cobb-Douglas production function was employed to assess technical efficiency. Maximum likelihood estimation techniques were employed for estimation. Results showed that all explanatory...
Farhat Iqbal1, Abdul Waheed2,*, Zil-e-Huma3 and Asim Faraz2
...r estimating the parameters of nonlinear growth functions used for modelling the body weight of farm animals. Gompertz, Brody, Von Bertalanffy and Logistic growth models were employed on the basis of nonlinear least squares and Bayesian methods. Using the monthly body weight data of 2070 weight records of Thalli sheep from birth to 24 months of age for both sexes (male and female) and type of births(single and twin), the estimates of paramete
Abid Hussain1,2, Farida Ahmed3, Shyamali C. Dharmage4, Shafiq ur Rehman1, Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam5 and Zaigham Abbas1,*
... was highest in 31-40 years age group with significant variation across different age groups (p<0.05). Among sensitized population, allergic rhinitis was most prevalent disease (41.57%) followed by bronchial asthma (25.68%) while allergic rhinitis and bronchial asthma at the same time were 3.9% prevalent. This study revealed a huge number of patients with diverse demographics, suffering from allergic diseases and sensitiz...
Emel Banu Buyukunal1,*, Rojan Ibrahim Albazaz1 and Mehmet Ali Bal2,3
... isolates. This is the first report on ertapenem resistant bacteria from various poultry sources in Turkey. Therefore, it is important to perform surveillance on the antibiotic resistant bacteria in healthy livestock animals for predicting their risk status to society.
...
Muhammad Ijaz, Sayed Rashad Ali Shah*, Muhammad Izhar-ul-Haq and Amir Afzal
...enotypes during three years of study at early assessments under field conditions showed resistant response whereas, at late assessments most of genotypes were susceptible. In pathogen-host relationship several components of partial resistance have been proposed. Under detached leaf assay Virginia type groundnut showed minimum spots per leaf, sporulation, and product of spots per leaf and sporulation, spots per leaf and percent area diseased per leaf and spots ...
Fraza Ijaz1*, Umair Riaz2, Shazia Iqbal3, Qamar uz Zaman4, Muhammad Furqan Ijaz5, Hina Javed1, Muhammad Amjad Qureshi1, Zuhra Mazhar3, Ahmad Hassan Khan6, Hassan Mehmood7 and Ijaz Ahmad8
...owth. Physiological precursors are also used in association with rhizobium because of their higher solubility in water, continuous providence of hormones as well as low cost. This study was conducted to evaluate the role of Rhizobium, with and without Tryptamine on growth and yield parameters of Berseem. Total of eight treatments was planned to conduct a...
Muhammad Sohail1*, Asad Sultan2, Said Sajjad Ali Shah3, Muhammad Sajid1 and Adnan Khan4
...sorghum and their cultivars in quail birds. A total of 270 quail birds were raised in cages having three main groups, one each for wheat (W), maize (M), sorghum (S) and six subgroups for the collection of fecal samples and further analyses. Nutrient profile, digestibility coefficients, and apparent metabolizable energy were investigated. Fat percentage and metabolizable energy was higher in maize (4.1% and 17.04 MJ/kg). The protein levels in wheat varieties we...
Muhammad Usman Ghani1*, Muti Ur Rehaman Khan1, Asim Aslam1, Zubair Shabbir2, Li Bo3 and Naveed Anwar4
...to Punjab via DG Khan. Harsh climate and relatively less rain fall also contributing factors towards the establishment of infection. Contagious Ecthyma is an extremely contagious, highly communicable, economically important viral disease of skin that affects most of animals. The purpose of current study was to establish and familiarize a precise and rapid detection approaches with molecular diagnostic tool. The method relies...
Senol Celik
..., body length (BL), withers height (WH), rump height (RH), belly girth (BG) and chest girth (CG) as continuous predictors from 130 Pakistan goats. Also, sex factor was included as a possible nominal predictor in the current study. To measure predictive performances of the tested algorithms, model evaluation criteria such as the correlation coefficient between actual and predicted LBW values (r), Akaike&...
Ailing Huang, Lingyu Meng, Wei Zhang, Junyan Liu, Guangyao Li, Huihua Tan, Wen Lu and Xialin Zheng*
...ltap was less than the first two pesticides. Changes of detoxifying and protective enzymes in P. flammans larvae were related to the kinds of enzyme and its sensitivity to pesticide after treatment with different pesticides. Compared with control, effect of beta-cypermethrin on Carboxylesterase (CarE) was the most obvious than other four pesticides; activity of glutathione-s transferase (GST) was inhibited by abamectin, while the trend was in the opposi...
Shengjie Zhou1,2, Pengfei Wang1,2, Chao Zhao1,2, Mingjun Fu3, Jian G. Qin4, Lihua Qiu1, Zhenhua Ma1, 4,* and Maoshang Lin1
...as 604 bp, including a 5’-untranslated region (UTR) of 154 bp, a 3’-UTR of 69 bp and an open reading frame (ORF) of 281 bp. L-FABP encoding a polypeptide of 126 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 14.06 kDa and a theoretical isoelectric point of 8.73. The results of qRT-PCR showed that the highest tissue expression of L-FABP gene was observed in fish liver on 18 DPH. Along with the ontogeny of...
Bina Khanzada1*, Ghulam Hussain Abro1, Tajwar Sultana Syed1 and Nazir Ahmed2
...provision of flower nectors such as ornamental sunflower, merry gold and hollyhock in the laboratory. The ornamental plants sunflower, merry gold and hollyhock were also tested in the field for conservation of the C. flavipes. The results showed that during 2013 and 2014, the C. flavipes fed on Hollyhock produced more cacoons. During 2013 and 2014 C. flavipes fed on marigold occupied 2nd position in production of cacoons. Among flower based diets, coccoon deve...
Sheng Niu1, Ali-Raza Jahejo1, Fa-jie Jia1, Xin Li1, Guan-bao Ning1, Ding Zhang1, Hai-li Ma1, Wei-fang Hao2, Wen-wei Gao1, Yu-jun Zhao1, Shi-min Gao1, Jian-hui Li1, Gui-lan Li1, Fang Yan1, Rong-kun Gao1, Huan-chun Chen1,3 and Wen-xia Tian1,*
...express toll-like receptors (TLRs), cytokines, and avian β-defensins (AvBDs). Host defense peptides (HDPs) are important effector molecules in innate immunity. In this study, thiram has been used to induce tibial dyschondroplasia (TD) and the chickens were injected with different doses of recombinant glutathione-S-transferase A3 (rGSTA3) proteins. We explored the responses of HDPs in erythrocytes to thiram-induced TD and rGSTA3 protein by quantitative rea...
Muhammad Ahmad, Zohaib Noor*, Karim Johar Khan, Waqar Younas and Ajmal Hussain
...nic and organic fertilizers in the ponds. Fish were stocked at the ratio of 35:40:25 in both the ponds designated as group 1 and group 2. Group 1 pond was stocked with Catla catla (C. catla) a surface feeder, Labeo Rohita (L. rohita) a column feeder and Cirrhinus mrigala (C. mrigala) bottom feeder, respectively, while, in group 2 only (C. catla) was replaced with (Hypophthalmichthys molitrix) H. molitr...
Nursinatrio and Rudy Agung Nugroho*
... 84 days, growth parameters such as body weight gain (BWG), average weekly gain (AWG), daily weight gain (DWG), specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), feed efficiency (FE), protein efficiency ratio (PER), survival rate (SR) and carcass proximate of red tilapia were measured. The results showed that HCFM up to 12% could be used as supplementation and showed positive effects on all growth paramete
Faraz Akrim1,2, Tariq Mahmood1,*, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem3, Siddiqa Qasim1, Shaista Andleeb1 and Hira Fatima1
...>Knowledge of a predator’s diet and distribution is vital for its conservation and management. We investigated dietary breadth of two carnivore species; Indian grey mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii) and small Indian mongoose (Herpestes javanicus) occurring in the north-eastern Himalayan region (Azad Jammu and Kashmir) of Pakistan with a view to compute the niche overlap between the two species. The Indian grey mongoose was recorded at 15 diffe...
Yuyu Wang, Gangchun Xu*, Zhijuan Nie, Quanjie Li, Nailin Shao and Pao Xu*
...erum biochemical parameters, digestive enzymes activity and antioxidant status of largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides) reared in an in-pond raceway system (IPRS). Fish (initial average body weight: 35.68±2.12g) were randomly allotted to in-pond raceways (26.2m×5m×2.5m) stocked at two stocking densities (68 and 114 fish/m3, respectively). Fish were fe...
Khan Sher1*, Muhammad Nisar2 and Muhammad Subhan1
...tify;">Thirteen SSR markers were used for sixty local common beans landraces. Among all markers, only one was monomorphic, while the remaining were polymorphic. At average 2 alleles per locus were identified. The size of all alleles ranged from 210bp to 630 bp. Major allelic frequency fluctuated from 54.0% to 96.0%. An overall, the total No. of alleles per locus extended from 22 (PVBR 20) to 49 PvM053. Similarly, the frequen...
Aliya Ayaz, Gohar Ayub, Maqsood Khan* and Syed Aizaz Ali Shah
... Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, during 2016. The experimental design was Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two factors, replicated three times. Factor A was gibberellic acid concentrations i.e. 0, 20, 40 and 60 mgL-1, while factor B was comprised of dipping durations i.e. 0, 6, 12, and 18 hours respectively. Gibberellic acid concentrations and dipping dur...
Asim Khan1, Shahid Ali1*, Syed Attaullah Shah1, Aftab Khan1 and Raza Ullah2
...ata record for twenty years (1996-2015) across five districts of the province were scrape together from Development Statistic of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan Bureau of Statistic and Pakistan Meteorological Department, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Hausman test recommended fixed effect model (as opposed to random effect) as a fit model for given estimation. The major findings proclaim that maximum temperature has negative impact on the yield of maize. Impact of precipita...
Ayat Ullah* and Ayesha Khan
...effect of extension-farmers contact frequency on farmers’ knowledge of improved ways of chemical, biological and cultural control methods in the rain-fed districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Using multistage random sampling technique data were collected from 395 respondents according to Yamane’s formula. The study uses the Kruskal&ndash...
Abdur Rehman1*, Iqbal Javed2, Zhang Nannan3, Muhammad Niamatullah1, Raheel Saqib4 and Allah Bakhsh5
...s study focuses on the perspective of information to explore the development of agricultural modernisation and to provide the theoretical reference for the development of agricultural informatisation in Hebei province China. The relevant literature and the results of the research have been collected to understand the agricultural informatisation in Hebei province and adopted the system analysis method to focus on the existin...
Hassan Naveed1,2, Kamran Sohail2 and Yalin Zhang2*
.... are reported for the first time from Pakistan. All species are described and illustrated with habitus photographs. ...
Kubra Siddique*, Ghaffar Ali, Irfan Ullah, Atta Ullah Shah and Muhammad Fayaz
...r 2013-14. Economic factors such as food commodities prices, households’ income and their socioeconomic characteristics are included in the model. The results reveal that on the average, households in rural region spend more on the food items while, urban households spend more on non-food items. Expenditures on beef is noted highest for both urban and rural region followed by chicken, fish and other meat type (Eggs, ...
Iftikhar Ud Din* and Qamruz Zaman
...rt from the general factors of sample size estimation, the test size, the effect size, SE (standard error) of the effect size and power of the test, additional factors like, magnitude of the ICC (Intra Class Correlation), total number of clusters, the number of parameters to be estimated, and the information whether the design is balance or unbalance pla...
Zahin Anjum1*, Farhat Shehzad1, Amina Rahat1, Hamid Ullah Shah2 and Saleem Khan3
... was concluded that factors like marination of meat and covered grilling significantly reduced the level of meat contaminants if, practiced with traditional grilling procedures. ...
Abid Ali1*, Hidayat ur Rahman1, Farhatullah1 and Zahir Shah2
...ustify;">Genetic parameters particularly gene action help plant breeders in developing breeding strategies. The experimental material comprised three white maize (Zea mays L.) inbred lines which were developed at Cereal Crops Research Institute (CCRI), Pirsabak, Nowshera-Pakistan. Parental inbred lines were crossed with each other to get six F1s during kharif 2015 which were selfed to deve...
Bingbing Gao1, Na Song1, Zhonglu Li2, Tianxiang Gao3 and Liqin Liu3,*
...e mitochondrial DNA markers to investigate the genetic structure of the species along southern coast of China. The complete sequences of Cytochrome b (Cytb) gene of 163 individuals collected from 6 locations were obtained and used for genetic analysis. No insertion or deletion were found among 26 mutation loci and 27 haplotypes were detected. All six populations were characterized by low haplotype diversity (0....
Hayat Zada1, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1,*, Ijaz Ali2, Bashir Ahmad1, Abdul Waheed Khan2 and Shabeer Ahmad2
...s. Out of 30 tested primers, 21 amplified 157 polymorphic bands in three populations. The mean gene frequency (f), genetic distance (I) and Shannon’s information index (h) for three populations were 1.336, 0.304 and 0.437, respectively. Nei’s unbiased measures of genetic identity and genetic distance revealed that higher genetic distance was observed among the isolates from Kal...
Wang Zaigui1,*, Guo Panpan1, Ye Miao1, Sun Linghong1, Zhang Hongfu2 and Liu Chaoliang1,*
...Different growth parameters and cocoon parameters were measured at each stage of silkworm. With the aim to investigate the supplemental effects of B.subtilis on growth performances, cocoon quality and amylase activity of silkworm, Bombyx L, we got the following results: (1) In the larval duration of 3rd instar silkworm, average weight gain (AWG) and feed conversion ratio (R...
Mehboob Arslan* and Xin Yang
...metabolic intrinsic factors and microenvironment established within the host cells. The pressure exerted by invading pathogen disrupts the internal balance and dictate the host-pathogen niches. For absolute survival, proliferation, and propagation inside the host cell, viruses modulate certain metabolic pathways to destabilize the host metabolism. These alterations in host metabolic signaling as a result of virus-host interaction generate a favorable environme...
Iram Gull*, Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam, Imran Tipu, Roohi Mushtaq and Muhammad Amin Athar
...on PCR is used to make versatile chimeric gene products. However, the results of this technique are not always reliable due to inefficient overlapping of the sequences especially those derived from authenticated native sequences. Certain forbidden sequences do appear at junction of spliced genes whenever efficiency of gene fusion is improved by inserting GC rich sequences. In this study, reliable scar-less gene fusion with the insertion of sequence of choice a...
Sher Bahadar Khan1,2,*, Zou Geng1, Cheng Yu-ting1, Asad Sultan3, Mumtaz Ali4,5, Irshad Ahmad6 and Rui Zhou1
...became more and more diverse along the PSCP with group B2 being the most prevalent. Besides multiple drug resistance, they share many traits with the human pathogenic isolates based on virulence gene contents that may pose a potential threat to public health....
Syeda Ain-ul-Batool1, Sadia1, Kathrin Blasius2,3,4, Angela Kaindl2,3,4 and Ghazanfar Ali1,*
...a, hearing impairment, hirschsprung disease, cardiovascular and liver disorders. So far 21 genes are reported that cause BBS (BBS1-BBS21). A consanguineous family having clinical symptoms of BBS9 is described in current study. Mutation was detected in BBS9 on chromosome 7p14.3 using whole exome sequencing (WES). A splice acceptor site mutation (c.1131G>A) in exon 3 was revealed by Sanger sequencing.
...
Qingling Hu1,2
...w distinguishing characters between the two species are proposed. Specimens examined are deposited in the Entomological Museum, Northwest A&F University.
...
Shamsudin Bojang1, Idris Abd Ghani2, Jugah Kadir1, Adamu Saidu Paiko1, Yasir Iftikhar3 and Muhammad Kamran3,4,*
... conducted in 18 golf course greens from nine states (Selangor, Negeri Sembilan, Melaka, Johor, Pahang, Perak, Kedah, Pulau Pinang and Wilayah Persekutuan) of Peninsular Malaysia for nematode, Meloidogyne graminis infections on the turf grasses. Samples were collected based on the sparsely growth and chlorotic appearance of the greens. A total of 36 soils and roots sample were colle...
Iqra Jaffar, Zainab Sehzadi, Muhammad Adeel, Khalid P. Lone and Mehwish Faheem*
...Phthalates are plasticizers, released from different sources, are ubiquitous in the aquatic environment. In the present study, freshwater fish (Labeo rohita) juveniles were exposed to low concentrations (10μg/l and 100μg/l) of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) for 7 days to evaluate oxidative stress in liver and gills by analyzing activity of glutathione-S-transferase (GST), catalase (CAT), glutathione (GSH) and by measuring lipid peroxidation (LPO). Cat...
Sagir Hussain, Erum Iqbal* and Shahina Fayyaz
...hat based on the characters of the total body length, stylet, ratio of a, b, c, c’, V%, head annules, tail annules, lip region and tail terminus. The allometric and morphometric characters were derived from the original descriptions. An up to date list of valid species of Quinisulcius along with illustrations and diagnostic key is provided. Detailed surveys of cereals, fruits ...
Muhammad Shoaib Saleem* and Muhammad Faheem Akbar
...ant pest management in perspective of the public concern over the level of pesticide residues in food and environment causing health and ecological problems. The indiscriminate use of synthetics insecticides in crop protection has also led to development of resistant strains of pests and have adverse effects on non-target organisms including natural enemies and pollinators. Amongst bio-rat...
Abdur Rauf Nizami*
... comprised of: foraminifers, gastropods, pelecypods, bryozoans, echinoids, sponges, brachiopods, and corals.
...
Lichao Feng1,2, Shaoqing Zhang4, Dianyuan Chen2, Sina Adl3 and Donghui Wu1,4*
...s of the wireworm to understand which factors contributed to spatial distribution of insect in cropland landsacpe. The larva of click beetles (Agriotes fuscicollis Miwa) known as the wireworm is a serious underground pest in farmlands. The distribution of adults and larvae alternated between flower and corn growth stages in the field because food resources and foraging behaviors sti...
Xiaona Cao1,3-5, Yuanyuan Ren2-5, Xiaoteng Cui2-5, Baoxin Qian2-5, Chunyan Zhao 2-5, Jie Yang2-5, Chao Su2-5,* and Xingjie Gao2-5,*
...asm localization during arsenite induced-oxidative stress. Increased hnRNP A1 fluorescence signal within cytoplasm was detected from 3% of normal cells to the 28% of stressed cells; in contrast, 87% of cells with strong hnRNP A1 signal within nucleus reduced to 50% during stress. In addition, transport receptor importin-β pathway seems to be involved in the nuclear import of hnRNP A1, rather than HuR and TIA1. However, the slightly enhanced cytopla...
Hong Zhang1, Shu-Fen Han2, Jing Wang1, Shao-Kang Wang1, Gui-Ju Sun1 and Cheng-Kai Zhai1, *
...of peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and suppressed the sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) protein expression in rats’ tissues. Compound whole-grain ameliorates diet-induced obesity and hyperlipidemia by enhancing PPARγ and reducing SREBP-1c in rats.
...
Bo Zhang1, Changbo Zhu1, Zihao Meng1,4, Baosuo Liu1, Lian Zhong3, Guiju Huang1, Jiaqi Su1, Sigang Fan1 and Dahui Yu1,2,*
...viduals of different colors and analyzed the correlations between TCC (total carotenoid content) and color parameters. The percentage of total carotenoids in the adductor, gill, mantle, and visceral mass was 6.50%, 10.79%, 15.11% and 67.61%, respectively. Generally, the tissue-specific carotenoid distribution is ranked in the order being adductor < mantle < gill < visceral mass. Significant correlations were found b...
Waqar Akhtar1*, Munir Ahmad2, Nadeem Akmal1, Hassnain Shah1 and Asif Ali Mirani2
...dology. Relevant indicators were employed to gauge and compare resource use efficiency of two dates products (fresh dates and dried dates) produced by farmers. The finding of positive Private Profitability and Private Cost Ratio (PCR) value less than 1 argues farm level competitiveness under small, medium and large farms in the study area. Fresh Dates has more competitiveness with less PCR value 0.62 compared to dry dates wi...
Asghar Khan1,*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Arfan Yousaf2, Jawaria Ali Khan1, Mamoona Chaudhry1, Mumtaz Ali Khan3, Habibunnabi4 and Amjad Khan5
... the potential risk factors of sub-clinical mastitis in lactating buffaloes in Pothohar region of Pakistan. A questionnaire based cross-sectional based survey was conducted in 30 commercial and subsistent farms in Pothohar region of Rawalpindi district, Punjab. Where randomly 196 lactating buffaloes were sampled. Data on several health, management and bio-security variables was collected in face to face interviews from farmers
Songhao Zhang1, Yiwen Gong1, Jian Xu1, Mou Hu2, Peng Xu3 and Yanliang Jiang1,2,4,*
... body shape.
...
Mohsan Iqbal1, Farid Asif Shaheen1, Rashid Mahmood2,*, Muhammad Khalid Rafique2, Imran Bodlah1, Farah Naz3 and Muhammad Usman Raja3
...ea) in storages and renders grains unfit for human consumption. In the present study, synergistic effects of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), Beauveria bassiana and Metarhizium anisopliae and entomopathogenic bacteria (EPB), Photorhabdus temperata and Xenorhabdus nematophila were studied as bio-control agents to manage this pest. In addition, percent conidial germination and % mortality of C. chinensis were also evaluated when <...
Riffat Sultana
...ish with black patches dorsally and brown ventrally.
...
Muamber Shah1, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi1, Rifat Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Mobashar1, Mubashar Ali Khalique2, Irfan Khattak3, Ambrina Tariq4, Ijaz Ahmad1 and Shabana Naz5,*
...ar) bulls (2 each from Jersey, Friesian, Sahiwal and cross bred) were selected with body condition score (BSC) at a scale of (0-5). The results showed that mean semen volume was significantly (P<0.05) high in Friesian bull. Sperm concentration and motility were significantly (P<0.05) high in Jersey bull while live sperm percentage was significantly (P<0.05) high in Jersey bulls an...
Essossinam Ali*
...This paper analyzes farmers’ attitudes towards climatic risks and assesses farmers’ risk aversion behavior on inputs use focusing on fertilizer, drought tolerant seeds (DTS) and labor allocation. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to collect data from 704 farm households in three regions (Central, Kara...
Zhengfei Wang*, Dan Tang, Xuejia Shi, Huayun Guo, Xiuping Chen, Daizheng Zhang and Boping Tang*
...ndant species and predators at the top of food chain in the hydrothermal vent ecosystem. However, the genetic basis for the adaptation of hydrothermal vents crabs to the harsh environment remains poorly explored.The objectives of this study were to increase our understanding of the mechanisms of hypoxia adaptability in vent crabs and to confirm if there is a correlation between mitochondri...
Shakeel Ahmad Anjum1, Sami Ullah1*, Muhammad Mohsin Raza2, Mohsin Raza1, Muhammad Abbas3, Ijaz Ahmad4, Malik Muhammad Yousaf2, Muhammad Zeshan5, Adeel Abbas1, Mehmood Ali Noor1 and Mohsin Nawaz1
... height, productive tillers, 1000 grain-weight and final grain yield. It was observed that 0.05 M B applications at delayed growth stages after booting is less effective in improvement of yield attributes of wheat crop as compared to booting stage. Economic analysis revealed that 0.05 M B application gave highest net income and benefit-cost ratio. Thus foliar application of 0.05 M B application (foliar) at booting stage can improve wheat productivity possibly ...
Mehran Ahmad, Syed Attaullah Shah and Shahid Ali*
...fficiency of tomato growers in district Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The study was based on primary data, collected from a sample of 105 tomato growers selected through multistage random sampling procedure. Data was collected through a well-designed interview schedule during January-July, 2018. Cobb-Douglas type production function was used to estimate effect of important determinants on tomato yield. R...
Hong Ma*, Bo Fu, Liang Wang, Zhong-qiu Li and Di Liu*
...mains low, and many factors contribute to overall development of the embryo, including gene expression by the donor cells. The human hematopoietic stem/progenitor cell 117 (HSPC117) protein has been identified as being involved in placental formation, and can be modified by epigenetics. However, whether HSPC117 affects development of cloned embryos mRNA expression is unknown. To investigate the influences of HSPC117 on embryonic developmen...
Muhammad Afzal1, Nighat Sultana1, Ali Hassan1, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah2,*, Mahroze Fatima3, Syed Makhdoom Hussain4, Muhammad Bilal5 and Majid Hussain2
...nt water quality parameters such as temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen were monitored and maintained within acceptable limits for fish during entire experiment. The findings of the experiment showed improved weight gain%, specific growth rate (SGR), feed conversion ratio (FCR), muscle composition and digestibilities of dry matter, crude protein and crude fat in Labeo rohita juveniles when fed CA supplemented diet. ...
Hafiz Abdul Ghafoor*, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Luqman and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed
... pesticides, citrus farmers are unable to get rid of this pest. In order to find out alternate biorational pesticides, this laboratory study was carried out to evaluate few selected novel chemistry insecticidal formulations against 2nd instar nymphs of D. mangiferae using standard twig-dip bioassay method according to Completely Randomized Design. Results showed that both factors i.e. insecticidal treatments (F 9, 245 = 146....
Rabia Khalid1, Saleema Bashir Shams1, Bibi Nazia Murtaza1,*, Gaitee Joshua1, Saira Mushtaq1, Hassan Al-Talhi2 and Abdulaziz Al-Amri2
...ity and sedentary behaviors with the tendencies of metabolic syndrome were evaluated. The experimental and laboratory values for BMI, total cholesterol (TC), total triglycerides (TG), high density lipoproteins (HDL), low density lipoproteins (LDL) and fasting blood glucose (FBG) were used to demonstrate the incidence of metabolic syndrome. Overall, 39.025% of bank employees and 22.53% of randomly selected control individuals have metabolic syndrome. Among the ...
Xiaohui Yu, Shuai He, Liqiang Wang, Mengyang Kang, Yanjiao Zhu, Shuhui Wang and Xiuzhu Sun*
...erm cryopreservation offers an effective method to protect Guanzhong donkey, a precious species. The objective of this study was to reveal the effect of different antioxidants on the semen cryopreservation in Guangzhong donkey by testing indices of sperm motility, mitochondrial activity, membrane integrity and arosome integrity. The results illustrated that compared with controls, above-mentioned indices of sperm were significantly improved under concentration...
Iram Liaqat1,*, Nazish Mazhar Ali2, Najma Arshad3, Riffat Iqbal1 and Zain-ul-Abideen1
... to liquid interface coverslip assay (35%) and congo red assay. D. vulgaris was treated with various concentrations (5, 40, 80 and 100µM) of salicylidene acylhydrazide and 5-15 µM of proteases (proteinase K, trypsin, and chymotrypsin). Concentration dependent decrease was observed after 72 hours in biofilm formation of D. vulgaris on treatment with salicylidene acylhydrazide. Whereas 15 µM con...
Muhammad Yasin1, Romana Shahzadi1, Muhammad Riaz2, Mahideen Afridi2, Wajya Ajmal3, Obaid Ur Rehman2, Nazia Rehman3, Ghulam Muhammad Ali1,3, Muhammad Ramzan Khan1,2,3*
...quo; and “Punjab Sarsoon 3”, and to study expression patterns of their transcripts. Morphological data revealed significant difference between pod wall thicknesses, seeds per pod and pod length between the two cultivars. PCR amplification and sequencing revealed that two products namely BnSHP1-like and BnSHP2-like could be identified. The sequence analysis of BnSHP1-like and BnSHP2-like demonstrated that these ge...
Tahira Jatt1, Ghulam Sarwar Markhand1, Lane Rayburn2, Ray Ming3, Mushtaque Ahmed Jatoi1 and Ameer Ahmed Mirbahar1,4*
...h is known as the biodiversity center of date palm. Investigations were carried on the chromosome number and karyotype one of the seven indigenous commercial date palm varieties and four wild type date palm of Sindh province, Pakistan by using the traditional Fuelgen squash method. Results indicated that all seven commercial varieties and four wild types of date palm are diploid in nature and having 2n=36 chromosomes. First ...
Amany Adel, Wesam Mady*, Zienab Mosad, Fatema Amer, Asmaa Shaaban, Dalia Said, Marwa Ali Abdel Maged, Abdel-Satar Arafa, Mohamed Kamal Morsi, Mohamed Khalifa Hassan
...n: justify;">Since the first isolation of the H9N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus in 2011, the virus has distributed rapidly and widely in different poultry sectors in Egypt causing severe economic losses and the problematic situation in poultry production especially with a co-infection with other circulating pathogens. In this study, 1026 confirmed positive H9N2 cases by RT-PCR out of 23182 different examined samples ...
Fazal Wahab1, Naila Chand1, Rifat Ullah Khan1, Nazir Ahmad1, Urooba Parvez2, Zia ur Rehman3 and Shabana Naz4,*
...ode Island Red spent layers. A total of 60 spent Rhode Island Red layers were assigned to 4 treatments; FS-0, FS-0.5, FS-0.75, and FS-1 with 3 replicates, each with 5 birds. Birds were kept in cages for 28 days in open sided house. FS-0 was kept as control while treatments FS-0.5, FS-0.75 and FS-1 were provided with fenugreek seed powder in the ration at the rate of 0.5, 0.75 and 1%, respectively. Egg production and feed int...
Wafaa M. Hikal1,2,* and Hussein A.H. Said-Al Ahl3
...mu;g/mL after 72 and 96 hrs and 100 μg/mL after 24 and 48 h) was more active, being able to kill 100% of the Acanthamoeba cysts.The results showed the cysticidal activity of T. ammi essential oil, LC50 values estimated to be 73.31, 61.69, 57.21 and 53.01 μg/mL with 24, 48, 72 and 96 h, respectively. This is the first report of in vitro cysticidal activity of T. ammi essential oil and the...
Zhimin Yuan1, Yan Yu2, Yanmei Wang1, Yanzhen Bu1,* and Hongxing Niu1,*
...xplore the microbial diversity of the gastrointestinal tract of H. alaschanicus and to estimate the risk to humans caused by the hosted pathogenic bacteria. The 16S rRNA gene V1−V2 regions were sequenced using MiSeq high-throughput sequencing platform to study the bacterial community of both the stomach and the intestine of H. alaschanicus. A total of 21, 336 and 34, 188 high quality reads of microbiota were obtained from the stomach...
Anam Sardar1, Iqbal Javed1, Abdur Rehaman2*, Mudassar Yasin3, Raheel Saqib4, Allah Bakhsh3, Haroon Javaid5 and Muhammad Luqman6
...from Pakistan and to understand the potential markets and the importance of beef meat industry in Pakistan. The secondary data have been used to conduct the research on beef export from 2002-2016. NPC (Nominal Protection Coefficient), RCA (Revealed Comparative Advantage) and RSCA (Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage) were estimated to find the possible international markets for beef. ...
Hala Mohamed Nabil Tolba1, Naglaa Fathy Saeed Awad1*, Gamelat Kotb Farag Kotb2, Amany Adel3
...utbreaks of Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) were reported in Egypt despite vaccination. Therefore, this study was conducted to characterize infectious bursal disease (IBD) viruses circulating in Egypt during the period of 2017 - 2018. Sixteen pooled bursal tissue samples were collected from IBD suspected (9 Egyptian balady and 7 broiler) chicken flocks located in different loca...
Ghalia Nawal1, Muhammad Irfan2*, Saira Ashfaq3, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1
...putably honored as cleavers of fatty compounds that have been recognized from innumerable organisms. Among microbial lipases, the bacterial lipases holds very prominent stance. The specificity of lipases is far-fetched for their point selection and kinds of reactions they undergo on their discernible substrates. Most suitable production plan involves Sub-merged liquid fermentation in fed batch manner using agricultural wastes. Bacterial lipases are prefer...
Mohammed Anas Chowdhury1, Md. Abdul Karim1, Md. Tayfur Rahman1, Shoaibe Hossain Talukder Shefat1, Ashikur Rahman1, Mohammad Amzad Hossain2*
...atus of fish species diversity of Surma River at Sylhet Sadar, Northeast Bangladesh. A total of 51 fish species belonging to 16 taxonomic families has been identified. The most abundant family was recorded as Cyprinidae covering 36%, while the least abundant family was Gobidae and Plotosidae comprising 1%. A Shannon-Weaver diversity index was fluctuated between 2 to 2.5 with mean value 2.30±0.14, which reveals exposer...
Amany Adel, Wesam Mady*, Zienab Mosaad, Fatma Amer, Asmaa Shaaban, Dalia Said, Marwa Ali, Abdel-Satar Arafa, Mohamed Kamal Morsi and Mohamed Khalifa Hassan
...n: justify;">Since the first isolation of the H9N2 low pathogenic avian influenza virus (LPAI) in 2011, the virus has been distributed rapidly and widely in different Egyptian poultry sectors causing severe economic losses and the problematic situation in poultry production especially with a co-infection with other circulating pathogens. In this study, a total of 23182 cloacal and tracheal samples were collected from suspect...
Fatima Tufail1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique3
...iv>...
Muhammad Naveed Sheas1, Haris Rasool2, Muhammad Nouman Rafique2, Muhammad Rizwan Tariq1*, Abid Muhammad1, Khubaib Ali1
...rized by mood swings, aversion from activity and apathy which affects the thoughts, behavior and feelings of wellbeing. Honey and curcumin, traditional folk medicines, are thought to steadfast the defense mechanisms of body against oxidative stress which is a key factor in elevating depression. This study is designed to reveal the efficacy of honey and curcumin against depression in rat model. 24 male wister rats were randomly divided into 4 groups. After the ...
Farah Bilal*, Abdulmohsen Alhejaily, Shahida Husnain
...tal role in several cancers including lung cancer. Purpose of this study was to evaluate the prevalence of common nucleotide changes (E545K/E542K and H1047R/H1047L) occur in PIK3CA gene in non smoker patients of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Somatic mutational analysis was done by QMC-PCR following direct sequencing with sangers’ method. Only one sample detected p.E545K ...
Sehrish Ashraaf1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1, Muhammad Akram Qazi2, Shaukat Ali1*
...bsp;(COI) in spiders used as a marker to delimit species. Based on morphological identification and sequencing of CO1 gene, a total of 22 species of spiders belonging to five families were investigated and compared within each species and among families for nucleotide frequency distribution of all species collected. We had found non-significant difference in frequency of nucleotides in COI within th...
Mohsen M. El-Sherbiny1,2,*, Reny P. Devassy1, Erinn M. Muller3, Abdulmohsin A. Al-Sofyani1 and Ali M. Al-Aidaroos1
...plankton biomass and diversity as well as the diel variability of the major mesozooplankton taxon, Copepoda was studied with respect to the prevailing hydrographic conditions along the coastal waters of Gulf of Aqaba, Saudi Arabia during the summer period. Conspicuous stratification was evident in the water column while nutrient distribution highlighted the oligotrophic nature of the region. Nitrate showed a notable increase...
Abdul A. Mirani1,2*, Chee H. Teo2, Adel A. Abul-Soad3, Ghulam S. Markhand1, Tahira Jatt1, Ameer A. Mirbahar1,4, Najamuddin Solangi1
...od and degree of the reversion of somaclonal variations have not been reported for tissue-cultured date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) plants derived from immature inflorescences. In this study, three to four years old field grown tissue cultured date palm plants of cvs. Kashuwari and Gulistan derived from in vitro subculture 1-10 (block I) and 11-25 (block II) in multiplication stage were screened for type and nature of phenoty...
Rana Waqas Arshad1, Asim Aslam1, Muhammad Saeed Imran1, Kamran Ashraf2 and Raheela Akhtar1,*
...vaccines of infectious bursal disease (IBD). Three experimental groups, each having 100 broiler birds were placed in the same environmentally controlled house. Samples of blood and bursa of Fabricius were collected from slaughtered birds after every 7 days till the end of experiment (35 days). The size of bursas and the bursa/body weight ratios were sign...
Amjad Ali1*, Wiqar Ahmad1, Muhammad Zeeshan1, Farmanullah Khan2 and Muhammad Motasim Billah1
...o commercial biofertilizers; Bizote-N and Rhizogold to lentils during Winter 2015 in an RCB design and the residual effect was evaluated on soil micro-nutrient status and chemical properties after maize harvest in Summer 2016. Particle sizes in the above order showed 3, 2 and 2% increase in soil pH over the control (7.63) and 15, 10 and 6% increase in soil EC over the control (125 mS cm-1), respectively. Their OM contents (1.73, 1.68 and 1.67%) registered 98,...
Shumaila Sadiq1,2*, Abdul Saboor2, Fouzia Jamshaid3, Abdul Qayyum Mohsin2 and Azeem Khalid2
...munity to determine farmers’ climate change vulnerability index among 9 agro-climatic zones of Pakistan by using data sets from PMD (1981-2010) and HIES (2010-11). Findings revealed that farmers in KPK and Balochistan were the most while farmers in Mixed Punjab and Cotton-Wheat Sindh were the least vulnerable to climate change. In depth analysis of...
Asad Ullah Khan1, Wiqar Ahmad1*, Amir Raza2, Farmanullah Khan3 and Muhammad Sharif3
...including Batoor-2007, Barsat (NRL 0320), Fakhr-e-Sharhad-99 (FS-99), Tatara-96 (WS 395), Paktunkhwa-15 (PR-103), NIFA Lalma (NRL 0517), Pirsabak 2013, NIFA Insaf (NRL 0707), Shahkar-2015 and Pirsabak 2015 (PR-105). Pots were arranged in completely randomized design in a glass-house at the Nuclear Institute for Food and Agriculture (NIFA), Peshawar, during 2016. Hoagland solution was used ...
Muhammad Affan Khan* and Abdur Rab
...culture Farm of the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during spring seasons of the years 2012-13. The research experiment was conducted using RCB Design with 2 factors and 3 replications. Five okra varieties viz. Sabz Pari, Arka Anamika, Pusa Sawani, Punjab Selection and Green Star were grown at three plants spacing i.e. 20, 30 and 40 cm and were evaluated for growth and seed production....
Xuefeng Cao1, Guangneng Peng1, Xiaobin Gu1, Changliang He1, Guizhou Yue2, Jun Shi3,* and Zhijun Zhong1,*
...mum detectable copy numbers for CDV cDNA and for the virus culture supernatant were 9.56×101 copies μL-1 and 7.77×101 copies μL-1, respectively. To validate the accuracy of DARPM, 112 clinical samples and 97 clinical samples suspected of harboring CPV and CDV were tested. DARPM showed a 100% compliance rate with ordinary PCR and colloidal gold rapid detection methodology, while the coincidence rate for DARPM and the same...
Ali Mahmoud Zanaty, Naglaa Mohammed Hagag, Neveen Rabie, Mahmoud Saied, Karim Selim, Saad A. Mousa, Azhar Gaber Shalaby, Abdel-Sattar Arafa and Mohamed Khalifa Hassan
...CR using genotyping primers, with a prevalence rate of 16.2%. NDV outbreaks were recorded in 16 governorates, from total of18 investigated governorates and the recorded geo-prevalence of 89 %. Twenty-five samples were selected for further sequencing for the partial fusion protein. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that 20 samples are genotyped as very virulent NDVclass II of genotype VIIb, 4 samples were of high identity (94%-100%) with NDV class II of genotype I...
THIRTY SIXTH PAKISTAN CONGRESS OF ZOOLOGY
Proceedings of Pakistan Congress of Zoology
...2016
All the papers in this Proceedings were refereed
by experts in respective disciplines
THIRTY SIXTH PAKISTAN CONGRESS OF ZOOLOGY
held under auspices of
THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF PAKISTAN
at
DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF SINDH, JAMSHORO, PAKISTAN
FEBRUARY 16 – 18, 2016
...
Proceedings of Pakistan Congress of Zoology
...2015
All the papers in this Proceedings were refereed by experts in respective disciplines
THIRTY FIFTH PAKISTAN CONGRESS OF ZOOLOGY
held under auspices of
THE ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF PAKISTAN
at
CENTRE OF EXCELLENCE IN MARINE BIOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF KARACHI, KARACHI, MARCH 1 – 4, 2015
...
Proceedings of Pakistan Congress of Zoology
...
at
University of Arid Agriculture, Rawalpindi
March 03 2003 to March 05, 2003
...
Proceedings of Pakistan Congress of Zoology
...) Allama Iqbal Open University, Islamabad, Pakistan...
Umar Hayat1, Khalid Khan2, Saima Liaqat3* and Balach Rasheed2
... period of time have adversely affected the production, employment, and supply chain of crops. Furthermore, to avoid the adverse effects of climate change in the future, it is suggested to plant more trees and arrange different types of awareness campaign through print media and electronic media. It is also recommended to conserve water through the construction of dams and proper irrigation system may be managed on new footi...
Jie Zhang1,2,*, Baradi Waryani3,4 and Qihai Zhou2,*
...tribution in Chinese waters including coastal waters, inland lakes, and outflowing rivers south of the Yangtze River and its delta. In order to maintain stable high production of salangids, fertilized eggs from native or introduced populations of icefish were frequently introduced to various types of water throughout China mainland except for Tibet Plantae. The genetic dive
Jingchen Chen, Zhaochao Deng and Zhiqiang Han*
...quence of Ammodytes personatus, and compared with Sanger sequencing results. Three samples belonging to two lineages of A. personatus mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) were used in the study. Based on the complete mtDNA sequence, the genetic distance between the two lineages is 0.064. Results show that the total sequence lengths of the three samples of A. personatus mitochondr...
Lusha Liu1,*, Lei Cheng2, Xingqi Zhang3, Yulong Li1 and Jianping Jiang1,*
...satellite to design primers and do genetic analysis in the Sichuan basin population of M. fissipes. Of all, 35 primer pairs (57.38%) successfully amplificated in M. fissipes, of which 14 (40.00%) were polymorphism. The observed and expected heterozygosity in the test population ranged from 0.02 to 0.92 and from 0.02 to 0.62, respectively. High transferability rates were detected in M. butleri (37.14%), <...
Tariq Mukhtar1,* and Muhammad Arshad Hussain2
... susceptible okra cultivars, therefore, in the present study, the effects of six inoculum levels of M. javanica were compared on a highly susceptible cultivar of okra ‘Sharmeeli’ and a moderately resistant one ‘Sanam’. All the inoculum levels of M. javanica resulted in significant reductions in growth variables and increases in nematode infestations of...
Zafar Abbas1*, Muhammad Mubashir1, Umair Riaz1, Zeenat Javid1, Muhammad Ashraf1, Saeed ur Rehman1, Muhammad Javid Qamar1, Syed Ali Zulqadar1 and Shahzada Munawar Mehdi2
...ferent forms of fertilizers (organic and inorganic) on the yield and physiochemical attributes of okra Abelmoschus esculentus a field trial was conducted. For this purpose, organic form of fertilizers like kitchen waste, poultry manure and compost were used while the inorganic sources were NPK fertilizer. This experiment was laid out in the field area of soil and water testing laboratory for research, Bahawalpur in growing s...
Sadaf Rahim and Mudassar Iqbal*
...against selected insects’ pest. From this study it was found that the mycelial extract of T. harzianum fermented on PDB showed enhanced insecticidal mortality (73% and 76%) against Diuraphis noxia and Tribolium castaneum respectively while the extract obtained from GPYB media showed merely 46% and 56% mortality against Diuraphis noxia and Tribolium castaneum respectively at highest concentration after 2 hours exposure....
Yasir Ali1,2*, Bashir Ahmad1, Naqeebullah Jogezai3 and Adil Hussain1
...ted from different glaciers of Karakorum Range of mountains, Pakistan. Serial dilution and plating approaches were exploited for bacterial isolation and the isolates were qualitatively screened for proteolytic and lipolytic activity with skim milk and Tributyrin agar (TBA plate) assay method. From the collected samples, a total of 20 bacterial isolates (PAK-01 to PAK-20) were exhibiting psychrotrophic physiology. About 8 isolates were capable of proteolysis in...
Usman Zubair1*, Anjum Shehzad2, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi3 and Khalid Mahmood1
...hail traps during the years 2016-2017. Specimens were identified up-to species level using taxonomic key by Mahmood and Hassan (2005) and pictorial key by Prabarker (2012). A total of 09 species of fruit fly of family Tephritidae from study sites were identified. Among these nine species, Bactrocera scutellaris, B. tau, B. nigrofemoralis, B. correcta, Dacus sphaerodalis are reported first time from Azad Jammu and Kashmir whi...
Wesam Mady*, Nahed Yehia, Mohammed Hassan Elhussieny, Azhar Gaber Shalaby, Moataz Mohamed El Sayed, Neveen Rabie Bakry, Asmaa Shaaban, Abdel Satar Arafa, Afaf Abdel Baset Mahmoud and Wafaa Mohammed Hassan
...ign: justify;">Since incursion of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (HPAIV) H5N8 in November 2016 in Egypt, it caused severe economic losses for both the commercial and backyard poultry production sectors. The aim of this work is to study the Situation and molecular characterization of HPAIV (H5N8) in backyard poultry production sector in Egypt. In this study, a total of 7505 samples of tracheal swabs representing 1180...
Umar Hayat1*, Tariq Shah1, Muhammad Suleman Bacha2 and Muhammad3
...is one of the major sectors of the economy of Pakistan. It contributes 42.3 percent of the labour force and 18.9 percent to GDP of the country. Since its inception, Pakistan’s economy is planning to achieve agricultural-led growth to promote economic stability in the country. The present study is an attempt to examine and analyse the nexus of various sub-sectors of agriculture and th...
Saeed Murtaza1,*, Nazir Ahmad2, Muhammad Asif Raza3, Muhammad Saleem Akhtar1, Muhammad Mazhar Ayaz4, Muhammad Ali5 and Rais Ahmed6
...e of the organ in transverse images. The epididymal head and body were less echogenic than the testis and were homogeneous; the epididymal tail was heterogeneous, but less echogenic than the testis. In organs with lesions, various lesions included sperm granulomata in the epididymis, testicular degeneration with or without mineralization, testicular abscesses and chronic epididymitis. In early stages, sperm granuloma appeared as an anechoic mass with ill-defin...
Munazza Yousra1*, Sair Sarwar1, Muhammad Mahmood Ul Hassan1, Muhammad Zameer khan1, Abdul khaliq2, Shahbaz Ahmad1 and Shamim Ul Sibtain Shah3
...ion was maximum on the first day in all treatments except control. Zinc release from Zn-EDTA was much higher as compared to ZnSO4. Similarly, the pot experiment conducted with the same set of treatments and crop responded well to Zn fertilizer application. The results showed a consistent increase in Zn concentration with the increasing Zn doses in both varieties. The maximum Zn concentration recorded was 67.6 and 79.5 mg kg-1 @ 8 mg Zn kg-1 by using both Zn so...
Ammara Saeed* and Noor-ul-Amin
...rnamental Horticulture Nursery, Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during 2014 and 2015. Cut flower rose cultivars were tested with treatments of 3 levels of phosphorus (30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) and potassium (20, 40 and 60 kg ha-1) each as well as combined. Results showed that when plants were supplied with phosphorus at 60 kg ha-1 and potassium at 40 kg ha-1...
Gulzhan Аubakirova1,*, Zhanat Adilbekov2, Assylkhan Inirbayev2 and Tanatar Dzhamanbayev1
...nland freshwater reservoirs is the transition from the simple exploitation of fish stock to the creation of the highly efficient regulated fishery in lakes and reservoirs. By their potential capacity, small and medium-sized lakes can produce significantly more fish with better quality if regulated and properly managed intensive-type lake farms are created.
...
Tian-Yi Zhao1, Zi-Qing Liu2, Bo Yang1, Qiao Gao1, Hong-Yu Zhang1, Pei-Yu He1, Ming-Hua Duan1* and Yu-Li Yan1*
...as been used for many years in clinical practice and in blood invigoration. In this article, we want to elucidate the molecular mechanism underlying the effects of APs in the recovery of anemia. Red blood cell count and hemoglobin level in peripheral blood were measured using a fully automatic blood cell counter. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the changes in red blood cell counts and number of T cells in peripheral blood and the spleen. Western blottin...
Tuncay Ateşşahin1,* and Mehmet Cİlbiz2
... with three spinner colours (yellow, blue or red), three hook sizes (No. 2: 2 cm; No. 3: 3 cm; or No. 4: 4 cm) and in different seasons (spring, summer, autumn or winter) by three anglers. At the end of the study, 336 rainbow trout, 13.2–56.5 cm in length and 28.6–2,174.6 g in weight, were caught. The most efficient season for catching fish was in the winter. The mean catch per unit effort (CPUE) values for red, ...
Syed Makhdoom Hussain1*, Nisar Ahmad1, Azhar Rasul1, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad2, Muhammad Latif3, Muhammad Zubair Ul Hassan Arsalan1, Muhammad Umair1 and Hafiza Hina Shafqat1
...nd hematological parameters of C. catla fingerlings fed nano- Cr particles supplemented sunflower meal based diets. The experiment was consisted on seven test diets on the basis of supplementation of nano Cr graded levels (0, 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5 and 3 mg Kg-1). Chromic oxide was used as an inert marker. Fingerlings were fed at the rate of 5% of their live wet weight. Maximum improvement in the growth performance (weight gain 197%, FCR 1.49, S...
Wen-Feng Li1, Rong-Yue Zhang1, Chun-Hua Pu2, Jiong Yin1, Zhi-Ming Luo1, Xiao-Yan Wang1, Xiao-Yan Cang1, Hong-Li Shan1 and Ying-Kun Huang1,*
...ps: parasites and predators. The dominant species include Apanteles flavipes (Cameron), Sturmiopsis inferens Townsend and Trichogramma sp., which parasitize the sugarcane borer; Synonycha grandis (Thunberg), Lemnia biplagiata (Swartz), Cheilomenes sexmaculata (Fabricius) and Thiallela sp., which prey on Ceratovacuna lanigera Zehntner; and Euborellia pallipes Shiraki, Orius (Heterorius...
Shafqat Husnain Khan1, Shah Jahan2, Irshad Ahmad3,4, Sadeeq ur Rahman5,* and Tayyab ur Rehman4,*
...enemase- and MBLs-producers among a collection of 100 carbapenem resistant E. coli obtained from a tertiary hospital at Lahore Pakistan. All carbapenemase producers were further investigated to identify frequency of blaIMP and blaVIM encoding genes. Results of modified hodge test identified 81% carbapenemase producers, while combined disc diffusio...
Nazia Qamar* and Sher Khan Panhwar
...ies Scomberoides commersonnianus (414), S. lysan (15), S. tala (8), S. tol (344) and Megalaspis cordyla (277) were collected from the commercial catches from July 2013 to March 2015. Fish length and otolith length for five species recorded as S. commersonnianus TLcm = 16.3−88.4, OLcm = 0.3−0.9; S. lysan TL=23.2−73, OL = 0.2−0.7;
Waqas Raza*, Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar and Muhammad Imran Hamid
... (24.4%) for both the years. Similarly, disease severity ranging from 19.3-16.1% and 21.1-17.4% during the year 2016 and 2017 was recorded with Okara recording the maximum (21.1%) and Sahiwal the lowest blight severity (16.1%). The results clearly depicted that this disease is present in all the surveyed districts of the Punjab during both years with varying intensities. Moreover, disease incidence and severity seems to be v...
Muhammad Shahid1, Iram Amin1, Samia Afzal1,*, Zareen Fatima1 and Muhammad Idrees2
...ferent diagnostic centre’s/laboratories of Pakistan for ELISA and PCR tests. Out of 703 dengue positive samples, 93.5% were anti-dengue IgM positive, 71.5% were anti-dengue IgG positive and 81.3% were anti-dengue NS1 positive. Among these seropositive samples, 39.66%, 40.15% and 36.88% were PCR positives, respectively. This immunological and genomic study reveals that there were more seropositive patients than RNA positive ones. Serotype-2 remained the m...
Ayub Khan* and Ghaffar Ali
...icitation of respondents’ WTP. For this purpose, a contingent valuation method (CVM) was used to elicit households WTP. A sample of 109 households was randomly selected from 14 randomly selected villages two from each tehsil. The study results revealed that most of the respondents perceived the problem of soil erosion and their willingness to pay for the suggested forestation based soil conservation practices were on average Rs.4666 per year. Regression ...
Yan-Bin Zhu1, Wang-Dui Basang1, Zhan-Dui Pingcuo1, Yang-Ji Cidan1, Sang Luo1, Dun-Zhu Luosang1, Yang-La Dawa1 and Guang-Xin E2,3,*
...s to perform genetic diversity and population structure estimation on 382 individuals from seven Chinese Tibetan ecotype yak population using twenty-one microsatellites. The results revealed that the HO ranged from 0.4854±0.0194 in NNV to 0.6086±0.0267 in YRY, and the NA ranged from 3.86±1.98 in XMY to 6.05±3.37 in NNV. The least number of markers which deviated from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium wit...
Shujjah Haider1,*, Ayesha Maqbool1, Tariq Pervez1, Saima Parveen1, Arfan Ahmad2, Zahid Iqbal3, Javed Iqbal3, Shahid Mehmood3, Amanullah Khan4 and Sajid Umar5
...concern for poultry farmers and cause huge economic loss to poultry industry every year. Various pathogens can initiate respiratory diseases in poultry, including mycoplasmosis caused by Mycoplasma gallisepticum (MG). The distribution pattern of MG in layer flocks is not known in Chakwal. Keeping this in mind, current study was designed to know about distribution of MG. The present study was conducted on 25 commercial layer flocks from different regions...
Aqsa Javaid and Nageen Hussain*
...lthy controls as well. First genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood and then amplified by using specific designed primers. Gradient PCR was performed and the product length was 197 bps which was further analyzed on 1% agarose gel. Sequencing was done through genetic analyzer (3500 ABI). No mutation was observed in FOXP3 gene exon 1of Pakistani HIV patients.
...
Qudrat Ullah1,8,*, Huma Jamil1, Laeeq Akbar Lodhi1, Zafar Iqbal Qureshi1, Shakeeb Ullah1, Tariq Jamil2, Iahtasham Khan3, Shahbaz Bashir4, Qudratullah5, Inamullah Wazir6, M. Abdus Sallam1 and Muhammad Zubair7
...imal reproductive disorders was found to be significantly associated (P=0.0056) with seropositivity of the infection. Age, sex, parity, lactation and pregnancy status of the animal were not found significantly associated. Routine herd screening, consumtion of pasteurized milk and public awareness programmes would be helpful for control and prevention of zoonotic transmission.
...
Hui Wang1, Lin Wang1, Xuanlu Li1, Shanshan Li1, Yongqiang Zhao2, Shicheng Lv2, Xinrong Xu1, Guang Yang1 and Bingyao Chen1,*
...al habitat, whereas conversion of the original habitat to aquaculture and farmland use should be given great concern.
...
Asima Azam1, Asma-Ul-Husna2, Saima Qadeer3, Qaisar Shahzad4, Rabea Ejaz1, Nemat Ullah5, Tasneem Akhtar4 and Shamim Akhter2,*
... buffaloes within two hours after slaughter and brought to laboratory. After in vitro maturation (IVM) in Tissue Culture Medium-199 (TCM199) for 24 h and fertilization (IVF) in Tyrode’s Albumin Lactate Pyruvate (TALP) medium for about 20 h, the presumptive zygotes were randomly distributed into 6 culture groups; Group I: Synthetic Oviductal Fluid (SOF) medium alone, Group II: SOF + co-culture, Group III: Conditi...
Zil-e-Huma1, 2, Abdul Malik Tareen3, Kaleem Ullah3, Tauseef M Asmat4,Abdul Samad4, Asim Iqbal2, Mohammad Zahid Mustafa3*,Irshad Ahmad5 and Sadeeq ur Rahman6
...ren of less than five years of age in Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan. A total of 200 samples were collected from children suffering with diarrhea. E. coli was isolated using standard biological procedures and confirmed by colonial characteristics, biochemical profile and specie specific PCR. Multiplex PCR was applied to differentiate among the five main diarrheagenic E. coli pathotypes (enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), enteroaggregative ...
Aftab Shaukat1,*, Khalid Medmood3, Irfan Shaukat2, Tauseef ur Rehman3, Muhammad Ahsan Naeem1,5, Ashar Mehfooz1, Muhammad Ijaz Saleem1, Zia-ud-Din Sindhu1, Shahid Ali Rajput4, Mubashar Hassan1,4, Saqib Umar1, Muhammad Ali Jamil1, Rao Zahid Abbas1 and Anas Sarwar Qureshi1
...ted associated risk factors and hematological changes (due to bovine anaplasmosis) were studied in Sahiwal cattle and crossbred cattle of the district Faisalabad of Punjab province, Pakistan. Therapeutic efficiency of Oxytetracycline-Imidocarb dipropionate combination was compared with Enrofloxacin-Imidocarb dipropionate against Anaplasma marginale (A. marginale). For this study, the blood samples of three hundred and sixty nine cattle were colle...
Salahud Din1,*, Saima Masood1, Hafsa Zaneb1, Habib Ur Rehman2, Saima Ashraf1, Imad Khan3, Muqader Shah4 and Syed Abdul Hadi1
...diographic analysis of tarsal bones in twenty specimens of male and female adult chinkara (Gazella bennettii). The tarsus of chinkara comprises of five bones both grossly and radiographically, settled in three transverse rows viz, tibial and fibular tarsal in the proximal, central and fourth fused tarsal in the ...
Masooma Munir1,2*, Abdul Ahad3, Asra Gull1, Aqsa Qayyum2, Nouman Rashid Siddique2, Amer Mumtaz2, Naeem Safdar2, Barkat Ali2, Muhammad Nadeem1 and Tahir Mahmood Qureshi1
...earth. Now a day, consumers prefer ready to eat and convenient food. Food bars are healthy nutritious, small meals having sensory attributes as well. In the present study, apricot based snack bars were prepared with spinach powder addition to enhance micronutrient status of snack food bars. Four treatments were prepared by increasing the level of spinac...
Khalid P. Loneand Irfana Liaqat*
...nal changes during the first reproductive maturation of Labeo rohita was undertaken. The study was done throughout the age of 18-29 months. For this purpose, nearly 500 fish were kept in ponds and sampled every month for the histology of the testis. After taking data regarding other somatic traits, the testes were fixed in buffered formalin and processed for routine histology and light microscopy. The annual maturity stages can easily be divided into fi...
Raja Imran Hussain* and Iqra Yousaf
... their uncontrolled dispersal threatening yields of various crops including wheat. The goal of this study was to evaluate the shifts of rodent abundances among five sets of three different habitat types (human dwellings, agricultural and non-agricultural land). It was also expected that trapping in non-agricultural land and human dwellings could reduce wheat damage. 30 trap stations were placed in each cropland, non-agricultural land and human dwellings for tw...
Unal Kilic1*, Abdiwali Mohamoud Abdi1 and Deniz Ekinci2
...sorghum straws for 24-hours incubation process (P<0.001). Treatments did not cause any effects on 24-hours gas production for straws without enzyme addition (P>0.05). LiP enzyme was found to increase in vitro gas production and methane production for all straws and treatments (P<0.001). As a result, sorghum straws were proven to offer a higher feed value and additional in vivo and in vitro studi...
Asad Ali Khaskheli1*, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Gul Bahar Khaskheli2, Allah Jurio Khaskheli3, Arshad Ali Khaskheli4, Abdul Samad Magsi5, Ghulam Shabir Barham2, Arab Khan Lund5 and Maqbool Ahmed Jamali4
..., Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam during the year 2018. Investigation was themed to monitor and assess major nutrients in different camel browse vegetations over Thatta district. Results of current study indicated highest moisture content in Trifolium alexandrinum and lowest in Tamarix gallica. Zea mays contained considerably high organic matter. Capparis deciduas followed by Salvadora oleiodes and Ziziphus nummularia possessed significantly high conce...
Ghaleb Adwan*, Sami Bdir and Kamel Adwan
...
Melanopsis praemorsasnails are considered one of the intermediate hosts for digenetic trematode cercariae. Digenean larvae were obtained from M. praemorsa snails that were collected from Palestine. Cercaria melanopsi palestinia I and III were identified as a xiphidiocercaria belonging to the microcotylae sub-group and as a microcercous cercaria, respectively. Phylogenetic analyses based on sequences...
Nida Zia1, *, Ayesha Maqbool2, Muhammad Safdar3, Umm-I-Habiba1, Altaf Mehmood4, Muhammad Usman5, Zahid Iqbal6, Javed Iqbal6, Shahid Mehmood6, Amanullah Khan7 and Sajid Umar8
... syndrome (HHS) in broilers is an emerging threat, causing huge economic loss to poultry industry every year. Fowl adenoviruses (FAdVs) associated with HHS could disturb growth, viability and immunity in commercial broilers. The main aim of the present study was to detect and characterize FAdVs. Liver tissues were collected from poultry flocks showing clinical signs of HHS and investigated using PCR assay for FAdVs. The FAdV...
Mujahid Niaz Akhtar* and Amjad Farooq
...ing season. Statistix (Version 8.1) were used to analyzed the data statistically. The mean values were compared at the significance level of 5%. Bollworms (PBW, SBW, and ABW) population was lowest in April and May whereas the highest values were observed in September and October. Correlation between abiotic factor and bollworms infestation depicted non-significant negative correlation with rainfall and evening relative humidity while negative significant with ...
Comparison of Yolk Fatty Acids in Market Available Black-bone Chicken Eggs and Ordinary Chicken Eggs
Suhu Duan, Liuan Li*, Zaiqiang Li, Mengran Qin, Zhenzhen Fan, Keyan Zhang, Qian Wang, Zhongmou Zhang, Bailiang Yang
... chicken eggs from the perspective of assessing the ω-6 PUFA/ω-3 PUFA ratio.
...
Asad Abdullah, Muhammad Irfan Ullah*, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Arshad and Muhammad Afzal
...o days on maize than others. The adults lived 11 days more on cabbage compared to other diets. Female life span was found higher than male on all diets provided. Adult emergence rate was high in cabbage (93.11%), followed by alfalfa (87.5%), sesbania (81.33%), and maize (68.44%). Fecundity was higher when fed on leaves of cabbage, alfalfa and sesbania as compared to maize and artificial diet. Number of eggs oviposited were highest on cabbage (2455.5 eggs) foll...
Naimat Ullah1, Sarzamin Khan2, Muhammad Mobashar3, Shahbaz Javaid4*, Tarique Tonio1 and Asif Mahmood5
...y. Semen quality parameters i.e. sperm motility and progressive sperm motility (%), sperm concentration (million/ml), live to dead ratio of sperm, amplitude of lateral head displacement of sperm (µm) and straightness of sperm (%) were measured at interval of 15 days. The results showed that dietary supplementation of fat didn’t influence dry matter and water intakes as well as weight gain significantly (P>0.05...
Jae-Kang Lee, Hyun-Su Hwang, Tae-Kyung Eom and Shin-Jae Rhim*
...orea. The mid-story, understory and ground vegetation coverage, the number of standing and downed trees ha-1 and the volume of downed trees ha-1 were significantly different between the pre- and post-thinning sessions. Mean density of Apodemus agrarius, A. peninsulae, and Myodes regulus were significantly different between sessions. Monthly captured adults and juveniles of A. agrarius and A. peninsulae w...
Ali Mujtab Shah1,2,3, Muhammad Naeem2, Muhammad Giasuddin Shah2, Muhammad Haaroon2, Quanhui Peng1 and Zhisheng Wang1,*
...nt period. Whereas; withers height, heart girth and body length were found non-significant (p > 0.05) among the groups. The morbidity rate of calves fed different levels of colostrum by ST, NF and NS, diarrhea was found 40, 80 and 60% calves affected among the groups respectively, whereas pneumonia problem was observed as 20, 40 and 60% calves were affected accordingly. It is concluded from the present study theconcentration of serum IgG following administr...
Constance Obiageli Ejilibe1, Helen O. Nwamba2, Ifeanyi Chinedu Atama3,*, Chiamaka Lynda Ani2, Ifeanyi Oscar Aguzie3, Josephine C. Madu3 and Christopher Didigwu Nwani3
...hese biochemical parameters were dependent on concentration of the pesticides; it increased as concentration of pesticides was increased. This study showed that Butaforce® and Termex® are toxic to B. regularis tadpoles, and both induced concentration dependent biochemical changes indicative of muscle damage and depletion of protein synthesis. Both pesticides should be applied with extreme caution to avoid toxicity to non-ta...
Hafiz Suboor ul Hassan and Saira Malik*
...gene diminishes. Two SNP’s LCT-13910C/T and LCT-22018G/A are considered to be associated with the development of lactose intolerance in humans. The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of LCT-13910C/T and LCT-22018G/A with the development of lactose intolerance in Pakistani population. A total of 160 samples were collected and tetra primer ARMS-PCR was used for genotyping. 79.48% lactose intolerant individuals showed homozygous LCT-13910CC genotype ...
Muhammad Tariq Adnan Khan*, Tariq Mukhtar and Muhammad Saeed
...g eight aubergine cultivars to Meloidogyne javanica. Brinjal Jamak was the only cultivar found to be moderately resistant. Two cultivars namely Brinjal Shilpa and Singh Nath 666 appeared moderately susceptible. Five cultivars viz. Round Black, Short Purple, Brinjal PPL, Global Brinjal PPL and Namyal Ratchburi behaved as susceptible. All the cultivars<...
Zakirullah1, Hamayun Khan1, Ali Gohar2, Haq Amanullah1,*, Muhammad Younas1, Muhammad Tarique Tunio3, Muhammad Saleem Khan4, Ibrar Muhammad Khan1 and Noushad Khan5
...ave the potential to adversely affect post-thaw quality of semen. In the current study, we endeavored to ascertain the most favorable application of L-cysteine for cryopreservation of Achai and Holstein Friesian bull semen under the subtropical conditions of Peshawar region of Pakistan. Semen of six adult bulls, three Achai (the indigenous breed) and three Holstein Friesian (exotic breed) amount to the experimental material at Government Cattle Breeding and Da...
Muhammad Noman, Yong Tong Mu*, Muhammad Mohsin, Aamir Mahmood Memon and Muhammad Talib Kalhoro
...ialized fishery software’s viz. CEDA (catch and effort data analysis) and ASPIC (a stock production model incorporating covariates) are used to analyze the fishery output (FO) and fishery input (FI) data of Scomberomorus spp. to evaluate their fishery stock status in Pakistani marine waters from Balochistan coastline.Three surplus production models (SPMs) viz. Fox (F-M), Schaefer (S-M) and P...
Xiaopeng Tang1,2, Rejun Fang3,4,*, Guochang Pan1,2 and Kangning Xiong1,2,*
...Ussing chamber system. First, four Loman laying hens with similar weight (1.25±0.13 kg) were sacrificed to detect the lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) activity of isolated small intestine at time on 0 min, 30 min, 60 min, 90 min and 120 min, to provide a appropriate operation time for Ussing chamber test. Then, a total of 20 Loman laying hens with similar weight (1.25±0.13 kg) were divided into 1 of 5 treatments: i) control group (0 ng/mL EGF), i...
Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed1,2,*
...study aimed to explore firstly the changes in physiological parameters and oocyte quality after ovarian transplantation upon dietary supplementation of 1.0 and 2.0% of Nigella sativa (N. sativa) oil to female mice and secondly to explore if dietary N. sativa is effective in alleviation of hypothermia and hyperglycemia due to general anesthesia. Seventy-five albino female mice (21.74 ± 0.19) were d...
Muhammad Saeed1,2,*, Tariq Mukhtar1 and Malik Abdul Rehman3
...entification of key factors that influence population densities, and to devise effective management strategies. In the present study, seasonal fluctuations in the population densities of T. semipenetrans were studied in two citrus orchards naturally infested with citrus nematode during the year 2014. The effect of soil temperature was also evaluated on the populations of the nematode. The nematode populations differed significantly at both the soil dept...
Qiuxia Lei1, 2, Haixia Han1, 2, Jinbo Gao1, 2, Yan Zhou1, 2, Wei Liu1, 2, Chunlei Wang3, Jie Liu1, 2, Dingguo Cao1, 2, Huimin Li1 , Baohua Huang1,* and Fuwei Li1, 2, *
... were increased at the first weekend, reaching up to 10ppm and 3.5 ppm respectively. Three weeks later, the content of the ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) were decreased to 0.3 ppm and 0.6 ppm respectively. Total N, P and K were increased gradually with time, whereas the content of ammonium nitrogen was decreased. SAS software analysis showed that there was no significant difference in H2S, CO2 and NH3<...
Chukwuemeka Calistus Okolo1*, Ikenna Onyema Ezeh2, Chinelo Nnenna Uju3 and Nwakaego Ernestina Nweze1
...nd oxidative stress markers were determined. At day 13 PS, there were no significant (p< 0.05) variations in mean parasitaemia of groups A, B and D. At day 16 PS, the parasites had cleared from the peripheral blood of rats in groups A and B, but remained detectable in group D. Although group D had significantly higher total erythrocyte count and haemoglobin concentration compared to groups A--C, and E, no significant variation was seen in the total and diff...
Muhammad Amin1,2*, Khalid Mahmood2 and Imran Bodlah3
..., 17 families and 12 orders. Genera Aphis, Cinara and Myzus had 7, 3 and 2 species, respectively. Hoplochaitophorus quercicola (Monell, 1879) and Pterocomma beulahense (Cockerell, 1904) are new records for Pakistan. Astegopteryx bambusae (Buckton, 1893) is also represented as new record for the country. Data also have 3 second-finding, 6 third-finding, 11 new host plants and 71 new locality records in Pakistan. Aphis gossypii and Aphis craccivora were found i...
Zeshan Siraj1*, Amjad Farooq1 and Zahid Mehmood2
...elation to climatic factors (air temperature, relative humidity and rainfall) on different cultivars of Bt. cotton from May-November 2011 -May-November 2013 at cotton research institute, Multan, Pakistan, Jassids appeared in 21st Standard Meteorological Week(SMW)and attain its peak in 36th SMW. Maximum and minimum mean population of jassids (4.19±0.16 and 0.03±0.13 per leaf) was observed in September and Novemb...
Durr-e-Nayab*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil, Fida Mohammad and Shad Khan Khalil
...at lines and four cultivars were crossed in line × tester fashion in 2012-13 to develop 20 F1 hybrids. Parents and F1 hybrids were evaluated during 2013-14 wheat season at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar, Pakistan under normal (November, 10) and late (December, 15) planting environment using a triplicate Randomized Complete Block design. Genotype × environment interac tion across the two environments wa...
Haidar Ali1, Malik Muhammad Shafi1*, Himayatullah Khan1 and Hamra Haidar2
...m households (small farmers) in the research area during February 15 to July 27, 2018 by using research tools such as interview schedule or direct observations. Random sampling technique was used for selecting a sample size of 195 small farmers. The present study is focused on two selected districts of Peshawar Valley namely Mardan and Peshawar. Analysis showed that there was a significant difference in the off-farm employme...
Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Shahid Yousaf1, Salman Khurshid1*, Qurrat Ul Ain Akbar1, Saqib Arif1, Nasreen Fatima2 and Ali Murad Rahoo3
...est physiological disorders and organoleptic properties in relation to the occurrence of pathogenic diseases. Fruit samples (injured and healthy) were taken from the three different local markets of Karachi. Some of the fungal species viz. Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Fusarium oxysporum, Rhizopus stolonifer and Alternaria alternata have been identified in citrus samples. However, major incidence was recorded for Aspergillus niger
Sikander Ali1, Muhammad Kamil Malik1, Muhammad Zubair1*, Muhammad Jawad Saleem2, Kanwal Hanif2 and Saira Azmat3
... as a matter of crop diversification. Significant emphasis is being laid upon saving the crop from insect pests infestation. Scientists are continuously striving their best for improving the quality of the produce. Therefore, the present study was conducted during 2014-15 to evaluate the efficacy of different insecticides against the mustard aphid; responsible for huge yield losses in Brassica juncea. Maximum mortality of mustard aphid was caused by nit...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1*, Taiba Sharif3, Samina J.N. Ahmad2, Sumaira Maqsood4 and Fariha Zafar3
...era zonata, Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera cucurbitae was done in Punjab, Pakistan through PCR analysis using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene based primers. Phylogenetic analysis was also complemented to differentiate fruit flies identified from other countries of the world. The sequencing results and phylogenetic analysis of collected specimens indicated that sequences of B. do
Adel E.M. Mahmoud1, AdamCieślak2, Paulina Szulc2, Anna Łukomska3 and Małgorzata Szumacher-Strabel2,*
...et pulp on rumen parameters. The yellow corn was substituted by dried sugar beet pulp at 25 (D1), 50 (D2), 75 (D3), and 100% (D4). Results of chemical composition analyses indicated that DM, OM, ash and CP contents did not differ among treatments. Crude fiber content increased linearly with increased dried sugar beet pulp percentage in rations, with significant differences in D2, D3 and D4. Content of NDF was significantly higher in all experimental groups whe...
Nouf Alharbi*, Mai Elobeid and Promy Virk
...tion in the tissues, reversing the effects of Cd toxicity on blood profile, and on the CAT and SOD activity in the liver and decreased the MDA levels in both serum and liver. Thus, the key findings suggest a profound antioxidative potential of the low dose of querectin, which could be a prospective approach in the treatment of Cd intoxication.
...
Rizwan Ahmad and Muhammad Zulfiqar*
...ap by investigating farmers’ perceptions and adaptation about change in climate and impact of change in climate on wheat productivity in Lakki Marwat. A combination of multi-stage sampling and simple random sampling used to select five Union Councils (UCs), one village council from each UC and one village from each village council. Out of 611 households (HHs), 180 head/elders selecte...
Sanaullah and Urooba Pervaiz*
...view schedule; through personal interview method. Result showed that 63.9% of the respondents were illiterate, 31.3% respondents were in age group between 25-35 years. Yield, income, plant spacing, seed rate, irrigation interval, and use of pesticide before and after training were computed with the help of paired sample t-test. Results revealed that in maize there is a significant decrease for seed rate (-11.6743 kg/acre) an...
Application of Water Quality and Pollution Tolerance Indexes as Effective Tools for River Management
Joyce Osarogie Odigie*
...ropogenic activities alters freshwater bodies and thus depreciating water quality. Water quality (WQI) and Pollution tolerance indexes (PTI) are effective biomonitoring tools being applied in river management by freshwater ecologists. Obueniyomo River is the main water supply channel for the inhabitants of Agemokpa village in Ovia East Local Government Area of Edo State, as they are fully dependent on it for agricultural and domestic use, bringing its ecologic...
Zara Ahmad1*, Fazli Rabbi2, Muhammad Zamin3, Bushra Kiran2, Tariq Shah2 and Shahzad Kouser4
...rom a sample of 110 farmers in the district of Faisal Abad, Punjab Pakistan. The data was analysed using Ordinary Least Square (OLS) technique. The results show that there is a significant difference between the on-season and off-season application of pesticides to bitter guard crop. The results clearly reveal that bitter guards’ yield is significantly higher in the off-season than on-season. It was also found that off...
Muhammad Waqas, Shahid Ali*, Syed Attaullah Shah and Ghaffar Ali
...bles are stationary at first difference. Therefore, auto regressive distributed lags (ARDL) approach was used to model long and short run elasticities. AIC, HQ and FPE proposed 3 lags, therefore model was estimated up to 3 lags. Bound test confirmed the existence of long run relationship among the variables. ARDL results indicated that long and short run elasticities of unirrigated wheat production in response to wheat price were 0.447 and - 0.116, respectivel...
Aftab Khan1, Shahid Ali1, Murtaza1, Sufyan Ullah Khan2 and Syed Attaullah Shah1
...ficiencies of tractor hours, FYM and labour were 1.16, 1.02 and 0.97, respectively, suggesting that these inputs were efficiently utilized. Facilitation of maize growers with subsidized and timely availability of inputs, provision of agriculture credit with reasonable interest rate and easy instalments and field based trainings are policy options for enhancing maize productivity. ...
...opment Studies, the University Agriculture, Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan.
dinzia1985@gmail.com
...
Muhammad Ashfaq* and Inayatullah Jan
...er a period of thirty years from 1986 to 2015. According to the ecological landscape, KP is divided into three climatic regions; the northern climatic region, the central climatic region, and the southern climatic region. The study uses Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) model for maize crop in KP. This study reveals that the impacts of climatic variables are increasing from the southern climatic region to the northern climatic region. The study also reveal...
Mehwish Kiran1, Muhammad Saleem Jilani1, Kashif Waseem1*, Muhammad Sohail Khan1, Fazal Haq2, Muhammad Amjad Nadim3, Ghazanfar Ullah3 and Salma Shaheen4
...ural Faculty, Gomal University, D.I.Khan, during 2011-13. Experiments were conducted in pots using completely randomized design, comprising 6 treatments (control, NPK + FYM, NPK + PM, NPK + GM, NPK + PrM and NPK + SS) and 3 replications. Data for leaves’ count plant-1, leaf length (cm), leaves weight (g plant-1), root size (length & diameter), root weight (g plant-1), total biomass (g plant-1), root yield (t ha-1) ...
Naveed Afsar* and Muhammad Idrees
...as done to know the farmers perceptions about agricultural extension services in disseminating climate change knowledge in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Data was collected from the 400 farmers of the two purposively sampled districts as these two were the highly vulnerable areas from climate change. The major source of climate change information of the majority of farmers was electronic media and th...
Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Mian Anjum Murtaza2, Ejaz Ahraf3, Zahoor Hussain4, Syed Muhammad Ali Zahid1 and Maryam Riaz1
...e of eight citrus cultivars caused by mining activity of CLM during summer 2016. The total leaf area and mine area per leaf were calculated by the image analysis method using Sigma Scan Pro 5.0 software. The results of the present study showed that CLM generated larger mines; 1.64 cm2 on Grapefruit, 1.44 cm2 on Kinnow and 1.40 cm2 on Succari compared to other five cultivars. However, the percent leaf damage due to the feedin...
Tanzeela Riaz1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2,*, Hareem Mansoor1, Sana Khan1 and Mushtaq A. Saleem1
... against two larval instars (4th and 6th) of MBDIN and Lahore populations of T. granarium. The LC50 of abamectin, emamectin and spinosad for 4th larval instars of Lahore population was 172, 185 and 196 ppm, respectively while LC50 of these insecticides against 4th larval instar of MBDIN population was 186, 192 and 198 ppm, respectively. Similarly, the L...
Gul Afshan1,2,*, Soumble Zulfiqar2, Sumaira Mehboob2, Muhammad Tahir Javed Khan1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori2,*
...s amplified and cloned first in cloning vector pTG19 and subcloned in expression vector pET21a. E2 protein, expressed in insoluble form, was purified by repeated sonications, followed by denaturation and refolding through fractional dialysis with urea. Multiple alignment with other sequences showed nucleotide variations of HCV3a E2 compared with already reported sequences. A total of 140 (11%) point mutations were found in Pakistan&rs<...
Chen-Yu Sun, Wen-Chao Liu*, Mei Xiao, Zhi-Hui Zhao and Li-Long An*
...ung yellow feather broilers. A total of 360 male, one-d-old Huaixiang chickens with an average initial BW of 44.52 ± 1.07 g were randomly allotted to 4 treatments. Each dietary treatment consisted of 6 replicate cages, with 15 birds per replicate. The 4 dietary treatments were corn-soybean meal-based diets and supplemented with 0, 500, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg betaine, respectively. During d 1-14, with increasing the dietary betaine levels from 0 to 2000 mg/...
Tahir Iqbal1, Umer Rashid1*, Naveed Shahzad2, Amber Afroz1, Muhammad Faheem Malik3 and Muhammad Idrees4
... aHEV) strains with members of Orthohepevirus B species. However, Pak aHEV strains were highly divergent from other known members within Orthohepevirus B suggesting as novel aHEV strains circulating in the population of layer chickens in the country. Detection of HEV in layer chickens may pose public health risk in context of zoonosis and food borne transmission if aHEV emerges as zoonotic HEV.
Syed Muhammad Hassan Raza1*, Syed Amer Mahmood1, Syeeda Areeba Gillani1, Syed Shehzad Hassan1, Muneeb Aamir1, Muhammad Saifullah1, Mubashar Basheer1, Atif Ahmad1, Saif-ul-Rehman2 and Tariq Ali1
...nomists and decision makers to determine the volume of grain precisely. Yield estimation is one of the challenging tasks which is significant to evaluate accurately for farmers. This research was conducted in eastern Punjab Pakistan by incorporating yield/area as reported by Crop Reporting Service Department along with open source satellite datasets. We downloaded three images of each year (2008-2018) from Geological Survey ...
Muhammad Saleem Hanif1, Khalid Javed Iqbal1,*, Arshad Javid3, Noor Khan2, Irfan4, Hamid Majeed5, Muhammad Altaf3
...shermen community at Rivers of Pakistan in South Punjab. Head Taunsa and Punjnad were selected as study sites to collect information from fishermen through well prepared questionnaire. It was observed fishermen in both study sites were of 20 -55 year of age having maximum family size of 7-10 individuals. Illiterate fishermen were recorded to be 50 and 40 % at head Punjnad and Taunsa, respectively. Fishermen maximum yearly income at both study sites were in the...
Sajjad Ali1, Atta-ur-Rahman1 and Sher Ali2*
...central tendencies, dispersion and co-efficient of correlation were applied on population, area under built-up environment, cultivated area and crop production in the study area. During the study period from 1985-2015, rapid physical expansion is reported in the study area and strong correlation was observed between population growth and environmental built. ...
Abir Ishtiaq and Muhammad Naeem*
.... catla stocked in outdoors earthen ponds at 2000 fish/acre were fed at 4% of body weight, 2 times a day, for 180 days. The investigation was spread over three different sites, each providing four earthen ponds. The results revealed that the survival rate, mean individual harvesting weight, feed conversion ratio (FCR) and production of C. catla were significantly (p< 0.05) affected by different dietary protein levels. How...
Muhammad Ilyas* and Fida Mohammad
... environments, wheat RIL’s 44, 55, and 25 were desirable for days to heading, days to maturity, grain filling duration, grain growth rate, grains spike-1 and grain yield. Mean grain yield ranged from 1613 to 2471 kg ha-1 across environments. Among the tested environments, Sarai Naurang (E3 and E7) was identified as highly productive environment. The RIL25 had superior performance for various traits. Wheat RIL25 produced maximum grain yield in E2 (3123 kg...
Salma Javed1, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1, Irfan Ullah2, Sadia Tabassum1,*
...d the possible risk factors of type II diabetes in Hazara region Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The total area was divided into six clusters, and the data was collected randomly from different hospitals, clinics, and different localities of Hazara region.The report included 2,400 participants, amongst which, 1,000 subjects were suffering from type II diabetes, including 432 males (43.2%) and 568 females (56.8%). Wherea...
Wajid Khan* and Raziuddin
...nearly 3 billion US dollars each year to feed 220 million people. This situation demands serious efforts to develop new lines/ hybrids with better yields. Rapeseed is the second largest contributor in domestic edible oil industry. Keeping in view the lower yield of rapeseed in Pakistan especially in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa this study was conducted to investigate genetic variability and heterosis in eight rapeseed genotypes for maturity, morphological and yield trai...
Mustasim Famous*, Obaidul Islam, Shameema Khatun, Mohammed Mustafizur Rahman and Tania Ferdoushi
... taken of status of farmers, source of technical support, the turkey flock size (according to age variation), feed intake, housing system, feeding system, quantity of feed supplied to each turkey/day, floor space, feeder space, waterer space uses in turkey marketing age, weight, price of turkey. Among 6 farms only 66% of farms maintain a common vaccination schedule, other farms use only new-castle disease vaccine. Most of the turkey farme...
Matiullah Khan*, Shameemul Sibtain Shah, Atiqullah Khan, Muhammad Sarwar and Shoaib Ahmed
...when treated with 60 liters (50% diluted) H2SO4 (volume/volume), followed by proper curing, yields SSP of almost X/2 % extractable P2O5”. The P was applied @ 57.5 kg P2O5 ha-1 both from prepared SSP and DAP to wheat crop on equal P2O5 basis. Also, Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria (PSB) were tested in this experiment for yield and P uptake of the crop. The results showed that smaller the mesh size of HRP 200 mesh gave maximum available P2O5 14.27% followed...
Exogenous Application of Calcium Improved the Vegetative Attributes and Corm Production in Gladiolus
Masood Ahmad* and Abdur Rab
...s for its excellent flowers worldwide. In order to meet the high demand for its quality plants especially cut flowers. Gladiolus is commercially propagated by corms. The quality and health of corm is one of the important factors that affect the production and quality of gladiolus florets and spikes as well as corm production. Keeping in view, the significant role of calcium in plants and i...
Muhammad Sharif1*, Sadullah1, Ghulam Rasool2, Muhammad Nasir Khan1, Zubair Rehman1, Ahmed Khan2, Ijaz Ahmad3 and Khalid Hussain4
...contents of organic matters are serious challenges for land and crop production in the upland of Balochistan. It is important to explore an alternative farming system which improves soil properties, environment friendly and provide sufficient crop yield. Conservation tillage system is successfully practiced worldwide as a resource conserving techniques. Therefore, an experiment was conducted under the treatments, i.e. conventional tillage (CT), Zero tillage (Z...
Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi1*, Ibtasam Riaz2, Syed Muneeb Haider2, Arfan Ahmed Gilal3, Anjum Shehzad4, Ahmed Zia4 and Abdul Rauf Bhatti4
...ies, particularly predators have demonstrated key influence on its population regulation. Thus, this laboratory study was conducted to evaluate feeding potential of two coccinellid predators i.e., Menochilous sexmaculata and Coccinella septempunctata on eggs and nymphs of P. minor. Results confirmed that both species of coccinellid showed feeding potential against eggs and nymphs of P. minor. Comparatively, M. sexmaculata sh...
Zijuan Li1,2, Rong Ma2, Muhammad Khan3*, Chenchen Liu2, Xiaolin Cui2 and Yongming Li1,2*
...isplatin (CDDP) is the first line treatment for some tumors. The present study was aimed to explore the cellular targets and anticancer mechanism of piceatannol in human osteosarcoma U2OS cells. Cell proliferation was measured using CCK-8 assay and colony forming assay. Flow cytometry was used to determine apoptosis and cell cycle profile. Western blot was used to measure the expression of various proteins. The data demonstr...
Abdul Waheed1,2, Sidrah Saleem1, Naveed Shahzad3, Junaid Akhtar4, Muhammad Saeed5, Iqra Jameel1, Farhan Rasheed6 and Shah Jahan7,*
...gene. In a nutshell, diverse variety of ESBL-positive GNRs is distributed, the findings of the present study should be considered for planning strategies to treat and prevent the further spread of ESBL-producing gram-negative rods infections.
...
Fiza Asif1,*, Muhammad Siddique Awan1, Nasra Ashraf1, Nuzhat Shafi1, Abdul Rauf1, Khizra Bano1, Muhammad Razzaq2 and Naeem Iftikhar Dar2
... and order Primates. Understanding food habits of wild mammals is of great importance to ecology and wildlife management. Present study was designed to determine the diet composition of Kashmir grey langur in Machiara National Park, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan during summer 2015 and winter 2015-16 from fecal material using microhistological technique. Sixty fecal samples were collected from the study area during summer 2015 and winter 2015-16, i.e....
Muhammad Ali1*, Norsida Man2 and Farrah Melissa Muharam2
...al risk from the field perspective. However, less attention has been paid to examine the influence of subjective norms on ICT usage among farmers for the management of agricultural risk in Malaysia. Therefore, the present study was designed to meet the objective. The research data were collected through a field survey in which 360 farmers were interviewed through the multistage cluster sam...
Huaisheng Zhang1, Pengfei Li2, Huajun Wen2, Guangming Tian1, Hui Chen1, Lu Zhang1 and Jianqiang Zhu1,*
...called Père David’s deer (Elaphurus davidianus). It is a unique species in China, which has been extinct in China for nearly 200 years. In 1980, the Milu was reintroduced into China and has now become a first-class protected animal in the country. Moreover, research on the Milu has begun. After 30 years of breeding and development, th...
Huma Sattar1, Sehrish Firyal1,*, Ali Raza Awan1, Habib-Ur -Rehman2, Muhammad Sajid Hasni3 and Amjad Islam Aqib4*
...nsition (n=6) and transversion (n=3) were found at the different position of this gene. Due to these changes, the amino acid is changed that leads to significant change in the folding of 3D protein structure of clinical sample, while in subclinical samples, showing the same variation in overall 3D protein structure analysis of TNF-α gene. The association between polymorphism identified within the TNF-α gene with mastitis reported in t...
Yacheng Hu1,2, Xueqing Liu1,2, Jing Yang1,2, Kan Xiao1,2, Binzhong Wang1,2 and Hejun Du1,2,*
...cies microsatellite markers for Dabry’s sturgeon via next-generation sequencing from Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis). The 17 microsatellites were polymorphic with 3 to 6 alleles per locus and the total number of alleles is 80. The mean expected heterozygosity (HE, 0.506 to 0.781), observed heterozygosity (HO, 0.542 to 1), Hardy-Weinberg departure value (d, -0.042 ...
Uzma Rafi*, Asmat, Muqaddes Niaz, Syeda Shazia Bokhari and Aisha Waheed Qurashi*
...the growth of these vectors.
...
Muhammad Suleman1,*, Abu ul Hassan Faiz2, Muhammad Shahbaz2 and Ayesha Riaz3
...meyer flasks using vogel’s medium at 35°C for five days. UV irradiated A. niger has significantly increased the xylanase production as compared to parent strains. Twenty minutes exposure of A. niger was considered suitable for the production of xylanase. Wheat bran concentration (3.5%) was considered best substrate for xylanase production than corn cobs and sugarcane baggasse. Maximum xylanase production was observed at 30°C with pH...
Zia-ud-Din1, Muhammad Nauman Aftab2, Tanveer Hussain3,*, Irfana Iqbal4 and Asma Zafar5
...olds and commercial farmers are suggested to prefer Mushki variety of Aseel chicken as attempt to produce Aseel females and probiotic supplementation would be of high economic viability for such flocks.
...
Min Li1,2, Jingjing Wang3, Suxian Hu3, Philip Stott4, Baoqing Lin5, Lianshan Li5, Hui Liu1, Heng Bao1, Duoying Cui6 and Guangshun Jiang1,*
...s, evenness, and Shannon’s diversity using a stepwise linear regression model and regressions of proportions of cover types at different spatial scales. We recorded 109,026 sightings comprising 94 species, and found that avian diversity indices were positively influenced by the presence of open water, farmland, and alkaline marsh, and negatively by...
Jinfeng Liu1,2, Yanhong Cao3, Tong Feng1, Laiba Shafique1, Chan Luo1, Peng Zhu1,4,* and Qingyou Liu1,*
...loned, analyzed, and its’ expression pattern was further determined. It consists of 1185 nucleotides that encodes 394 peptides bond. The BMP15 gene was observed to be expressed in cumulus tissue, granular tissue, hypophysis, genital ridge and tissues of ovary and testis. Moreover, QRT-PCR results showed that BMP15 was expressed in the whole process of embryogenesis and folliculogenesis, early high level and then down regulated. It was signi...
Sajida Sabahat1, Asif Nadeem1,*, Maryam Javed1, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor1, Shahid Nabeel1 and Abu Saeed Hashmi2
...es and obtain a better perspective of quantitative traits that play key roles in development and regulating growth. The present study was conducted to characterize genetic variability in the growth hormone (GH) and growth hormone receptor (GHR) of Camelus dromedarius. GH is secreted and synthesized from somatotroph cells of the anterior pituitary lobe and plays significant role in growth, development, metabolism, lactation, and reproduction. Growth horm...
Shanshan Cai1, Tianxiang Gao2, Binlun Yan3, Aiyi Zhu1 and Xiumei Zhang1,2,*
...k of proper methods hinders the precision and accuracy of such assessment. The swimming crab, Portunus trituberculatus is a commercially important species in Chinese fishery industry. However the natural resources of swimming crabs are declining and enhancement programs are being conducted for resources restoration for decades. In this study, 524 female broodstock from 10 hatcheries and 547 recaptured crabs from 6 investigations were used to assess the ...
Scale of Illegal Killing and Trade Associated with Indian Pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) in Pakistan
Muhammad Waseem1, Ahmed Raza1, Hamera Aisha1, Muhammad Naeem Awan1, Tariq Ahmad2, Rabia Nazir2 and Tariq Mahmood2,*
...tion over the next 21 years, highlighting the need for protecting the species against illegal trade. In the current study, we investigated the scale of its poaching and illegal trade in the country. Results revealed that poachers use spotlight and tracking techniques (42% respondents). Summer is the best season for poaching the pangolins (44% respondents). Forest is best preferred habitat of pangolin (54% respondents) and pa...
Sabbah M. Allam, T.M. El-Bedawy, M.H. Bakr and A.E.M. Mahmoud*
...gy in Holstein dairy cow’s rations, replacing up to 75% of yellow corn grains without negatively effecting nutrient digestibility, nutritive values, as TDN or digestible CP, and without showing any harmful effect on animal health. More studies are needed to examine the effect of citrus by-products on presence of fecal E. coli and Salmonella species, and on antioxidant biomarkers.
...
Mahdi Khojastekey1, Majid Kalantar1, Jam Zaheer Ahmed2, Samiullah Khan3, Muhammad Altaf Hussain4, Rajwali Khan5 and Sayed Haidar Abbas Raza6*
... times lambing in two years). A total of 289 ewes from 3 to 4 years old, with mean body weight of 50±5 kg and BCS range from 2.5 to 3, were randomly allocated between two experimental groups as follow:1) in control group 98 ewes were exposed to rams all year-round without any hormonal treatment.2) in treatment group 191 ewes were exposed to rams 3 times in two years by means of horm...
Biomarkers for Pathogenic Clostridium perfringens in Small Ruminants of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Mumtaz Ali Khan1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Sher Bahadar Khan2, Naimat Ullah Khan3, Muhammad Asfandyar Khan2, Kashif Prince1,*, Mahboob Ali1, Ghazunfar Rashid1 and Azmat Ulah Khan2
...ociation of various factors (i.e. area, housing, seasons, colostrum feeding, hygienic condition, body condition and animal sex) with each type of Clostridium perfringens infection were analyzed by Chi- square test of association (χ2). The results indicated that Colostrums feeding, hygienic condition and body condition scores of animals are significantly (P<0.05) associated with Clostridium perfringens type A, B and D in b...
Rais Ahmed1,2,*, Muhammad Khalid Mansoor1,2, Iftikhar Hussain1, Muhammad Saqib3, Muhammad Hammad Hussain4, Amjad Islam Aqib5, Haleema Sadia6, Javed Muhammad7, Asma Irshad8, Kashif Prince5, Muhammad Zain Saleem9 and Abdul Whab Manzoor10
...ogressive weight loss, persistent diarrhea and finally death. Due to zoonotic nature of the disease, workers in slaughterhouses are at a high risk of infection. In this study, the status of paratuberculosis was assessed in a slaughterhouse located in district Faisalabad, Pakistan. A total of 455 blood samples were collected from slaughtered cattle and buffaloes at random and then tested by a commercially available ELISA kit ...
Mohammed Al Bratty1,*, Hassan A. Alhazmi1,2, Desam Nagarjuna Reddy3, Abdul Jabbar Al-Rajab3, Sadique A. Javed1 and Zia ur Rehman1,4
...ives from outside attackers including microorganisms. In present study, propolis sample was collected from adjacent to Jazan city, Saudi Arabia and the chemical constituents of the ethanolic extract was evaluated by GC-MS. The ethanolic extract was tested against selected strains of microorganisms for its antibacterial and antifungal activities. The major classes of compounds indentified in the extract were fatty acid esters...
Abdul Hanan1, Talha Nazir1, Abdul Basit1, Shahbaz Ahmad2 and Dewen Qiu1,*
... peach aphid (Myzus persicae) under control condition. Conidial bioassay of fungal isolates were evaluated with three different concentrations (1×106, 1×107 and 1×108 conidia/ml), filtrate bioassay was estimated by applying 7th day fungal filtrate and binary combination (1ml conidia +1ml filtrate) of V2×V2, V3×V3 and V5×V5 were tested against M. pe
Muhammad Zameer Khan1, Sair Sarwar1*, Ahmad Khan1, Razaullah Khan1, Munazza Yousra1 and Muhammad Ilyas2
...growth and yield parameters. The amounts of soil K had positive correlation with shoot K concentration and grain yield of wheat with r = 0.48 and 0.49, respectively for AB DTPA as compared to that of 0.40 and 0.42 for NH4OAc K. On the basis of the study it was concluded that AB-DTPA soil test method can safely be used for evaluation of K status of soils derived from diverse parent material.
...
Ihsanullah*, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi, Sohail Akhtar and Syed Muhammad Suhail
...lving interval, age at first calving, postpartum ovulation interval and dry period. Calving interval, postpartum ovulation interval and dry period were significantly longer in the spring season while age at first calving was significantly longer in autumn. Significantly high milk production was found in HF 50%. Peak daily milk yield and lactation length were significantly higher in autumn and spring respectively. Animals wit...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Afia Muhammad Akram1, Arshad Javid3, Majid Hussain5, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah4 and Asma Chaudhary1
...ed diet. The phytic acid’s presence in plant by-products decreases the bioavailability of nutrients to fish, resulting in poor fish growth and low nutrient digestibility in the body. Experimental diet was divided into six groups and were supplemented with graded levels (0, 300, 600, 900, 1200 and 1500 FTU kg-1) of phytase. Cr2O3 was incorporated in all diets at the rate of 1% as a non-digestible marker. The fingerlings we...
Aqsa Pervaiz1*, Rukhshanda Afridi1, Zahra Pervaiz1, Rabia Masood1 and Hira Pervaiz2
...newal bioassay for 48 hours and 96 hours (96 hours L.C-50 0.22 mg/L). The study was conducted on 40 fish that weredivided into 4 groups A, B, C and D. Group A was considered as control group.Group B, C and D were exposed to sublethal concentrations of methylmercury 0.044 mg/L, 0.055 mg/ L and 0.073 mg/L in tap water respectively. The fish exhibited tail and fin disruption, bulging of eyes,...
Nazish Mazhar Ali1, Asma Ashraf 2*, Iram Liaqat2, Bushra Mazhar2, Shaukat Ali2 and Saiqa Andleeb3
...procedures includng Gram’s staining and Endospore staining. Identification of pathogenic bacterial isolates was confirmed by growing on selective medium. Antibacterial activity of different compounds was observed against the pathogenic bacterial isolates. Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) test of different kinds of honey was performed against the isolated bacterial pathogens. The antibacterial activity of leaf extract of Azadirachta indica<...
Khalid Khan1*, Hazrat Yousaf1, Noor Mohammad1, Munir Khan1 and Do Thi Thao2
...ble income of households’and food production. The results of the study also revealed that the implication of monetary policy will be a significant instrument to influence poverty, food security, and consumption patterns in China.
...
Naveed Ahmed1*, Abdul Waheed1, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Imtiaz Ahmed1, Muhammad Abbas Khan1, Sohail Aslam1, Muhammad Adil Younis2, Seemab Ali1, Nadia Khan1 and Madiha Bashir1
... were two cabbage cultivars (Asha and Red) and four concentrations of Gibberellic acid (GA3) (0, 20, 40 and 60 ppm). Experiment was laid out on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Data showed a significant difference among most of the growth parameters. Maximum head weight (2306.7 g), stem length (42.66 cm), number of leaves plant-1(15.73cm), root length (27.53 cm), yield (5...
Muhammad Raza Khan1, Tariq Mahmood1,*, Hira Fatima1, Faraz Akrim2, Shaista Andleeb1 and Abdul Hamid1
... of Canid family; it occurs in various parts of the country including upper Swat area. Reportedly, species population is declining in its range, however, data on its ecological aspects are scanty in the country. In the current study, we investigated distribution and diet of grey wolf and the level of its human conflict in Mahoodand valley of Swat District. Results revealed the occurrence of grey wolf at an elevational range between 2332 m to 2926 m above mean ...
Muhammad Aslam Farooqi*, Bakhtawar Irsa, Sajjad Ali, Asif Sajjad, Muhammad Waqar Hassan and Sohail Akhtar
...ramat against adult workers of Apis mellifera L. These insecticides were frequently being used to control different insect pests of major crops in Punjab-Pakistan. The experimentation was performed under laboratory conditions (28±2°C and 65±5% R.H). Four different concentrations (i.e. 50 ppm, 100, 200 and 400 ppm) of each insecticide were evaluated against A. mellifera as derived from their recommended field doses. Mortal...
Manzoor Hussain*, Marie Maňasová, Miloslav Zouhar and Pavel Ryšánek
...ue to lack of our farmer’s knowledge, repetition of the same crop in field, and non-awareness of pesticides applications. Ten isolates from seven different fungi, Arthrobotrys oligospora, Dactylella oviparasitica, Clonostachys rosea, Stropharia rugosoannulata, Lecanicillium muscarium,Trichoderma harzianum and Pleurotus ostreatus,along with two chemicals,Vydate and ...
Ambreen Leghari1,2, Asghar Ali Kamboh2,*, Shakeel Ahmed Lakho1, Faiz Muhammad Khand1, Kanwar Kumar Malhi2,3, Iqra Bano Chandio4, Seema Baloch5 and Jan Mohammad Shah4
...icts. The animals were first screened through single intradermal tuberculin test (SITT) and both positive and negative reactors of SITT were further investigated through rapid test. Attempts were also made to isolate the Mycobacterium bovis organism from the milk and nasal secretions of cattle using the Lowenstein-Jensen media. An overall prevalence of 34.38% was recorded by rapid test that was higher (P< 0.001) th...
Qudsia Yousafi1*, Muhammad Aslam2 andShahzad Saleem1
...r 15 to March 1, both years. Aphid numbers were recorded on three leaves per plant and four plants per plot and averaged per leaf. Numbers of ladybeetles were recorded from the whole plant by sampling three plants per plot. Seasonal mean number of aphids per leaf was at the maximum on the variety Black Beauty and lowest on Nirala, during the 2013-14 growing season. During the 2014-15season...
Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Imtiaz Khan1*, Bashir Ahmad1, Fazal Maula2 and Sardar Hussain1
... different tomato cultivars against aphid, Myzus persicae (Sulzer) and its associated natural enemies at Agricultural Research Institute (ARI) Mingora Swat, during the growing season 2017. The tomato cultivars include Swat local, Rio-Grande early, U-Grande, Rio-Grande late, Tomato BSS-30, 87-5 China and Roma VF. These varieties were sown in Randomized Complete Block Design with thre...
Muhammad Mansoor1, Khalid Usman2*, Shahid Hameed Khan Khalil3, Abdul Mateen Khattak4, Muhammad Ehsan Elahi1, Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik2 and Amir Hamza2
...t be achieved due to adverse effects of dust storms and rain spells at ripening and curing stage of fruits. Covering fruit bunches with bags were also not productive and profitable; therefore, the growers switched to solar tunnel drying but couldn’t get the required results. The protocols of using solar tunnels needed fine-tuning of temperature and relative air humidity, which affect...
Muhammad Ramzan1, Unsar Naeem-Ullah1*, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, Ghulam Murtaza2, Mirza Abdul Qayyum1 and Faisal Manzoor1
...esearch Farm of MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan, Department of Entomology, Faculty of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences during 2018. In the study, population of beneficial insects was corelated with the weather parameters (temperature, humidity and rainfall on two cotton genotypes; Bt (MNH-992) and Non-Bt (Cyto-124). The four natural enemies i.e. ladybird beetle, green lace wing, syrphid fly...
Mubasshir Sohail1,2,*, Raza Muhammad1 and Qadeer Ahmed Soomro1
... factor and life parameters of C. carnea larvae are influenced by its prey type which they fed on. These results of the study could be used to improve the rearing and conservation strategies to increase C. carnea population and their predatory activities.
...
Faleye Temitope Oluwasegun Cephas1,2*, Adewumi Moses Olubusuyi1, Olayinka Olaitan Titilola3 and Adeniji Johnson Adekunle1,3
...from children (<15 years) in Nigeria with acute flaccid paralysis (AFP). All CCS were screened for Enteric Adenoviruses (EAVs) and group A Rotavirus (GARV) using a rapid immunochromatographic test kit. Subsequently, they were passaged in HEp-2 cell line. All isolates were subjected to RNA extraction, cDNA synthesis, three (5l-UTR, VP1 and EV Species C [EV-C]) different PCR assays and sequencing of amplicons. EVs were further subjected to [‘]Illumina s...
Ping Jiang1 , Zhihui Zhao1, 2, Xiaohui Li2, Mengyan Wang2, Lixin Xia2, Yang Cao3, Runjun Yang2 and Xibi Fang2*
...rfamily of ABC transporters, ABCA1 can transport lipids and cholesterol across cell membranes. To further verify the relationship between the ABCA1 gene and milk fat metabolism of Chinese Holstein dairy cows, we exploited transient transfection mediated-RNA interference technology to specifically knockdown expression levels of the endogenous gene ABCA1 in bovine mammary epithelial cells (BMECs) to analyse the effect on intracellular triglyceride (TG) content b...
Himanshu Mishra, Vikas Kumar and Ashish Kumar*
...been made for the very first time to study the population structure and habitat utilization of migratory birds at Bakhira bird sanctuary, district Sant Kabir Nagar, Uttar Pradesh, India from October 2017 to March 2018. Thirty two species of birds were observed during the field investigation. The line transect method was employed for population estimates. During the field survey, we recorded a significantly higher number of migratory birds at the end of early w...
Shad Mahfuz1,2, Shuyuan Wang1, Mo Chen1, Fei Zao1, Dong Zhen1,
Zhongjun Liu4 and Hui Song1,3*
...tware followed by Duncan’s test probability of p<0.05. During the experimental period no significant differences were observed in egg production, egg mass, egg weight, feed intake and feed conversion ratio (FCR) among groups. Among the egg quality parameters haugh unit, egg shell color and egg yolk color were improved (p<0.05) in FVW fed groups than control and an...
Muhammad Khaled Siddiq1, Fatima Yousuf Dar1,M. Akbar Khan1, Muhammad Adeeb Babar1,*, Sayyed Ghyour Abbas1, Asra Ghaus1, Musdassir Iqbal1 and Muhammad Akhtar2
...are documented for the first time from this locality.
...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Umar Mumtaz1, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan3 and Abdul Naveed4
...rceptions of senior farmers for their advisory role in capacity building of young farmers in Sargodha district-Punjab, Pakistan. As per list obtained from District Officer Agriculture Extension, Sargodha, tehsil Sahiwal was randomly selected. Sahiwal comprises of 17 union councils; four union councils were randomly selected and two villages per union council were randomly selected. The list of potential old aged farme
Faheem Aslam1*, Aneel Salman1 and Inayatullah Jan2
...reat importance for farmers and agriculture policy makers to improve production planning decisions. Numerous studies proved that traditional econometric techniques face significant challenges in out of sample predictability tests due to model uncertainty and parameter instability. Recent studies introduce several machine learning algorithms to improve time series prediction accuracy. The purpose of this study is to deve...
Muhammad Abu Bakar1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Rashid Mahmood2, Ziyad Abdul Qadir2, Muhammad Arshad1 and Mubasshir Sohail3
...nt was conducted at University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha during 2015. The apiary had 20 Langstroth standard colonies of Apis mellifera naturally infested with Varroa destructor. Varroa destructor (Anderson and Trueman) is the most destructive pest of honeybees and a major threat to beekeepers in different areas of the world...
Tasleem Akhtar1,2,Ghazanfar Ali1,*, Nuzhat Shafi2 and Abdul Rauf2
...rved, with haplotype diversity (Hd) 0.5323±0.080. Among 5 haplotypes, 2, 2 and 1 haplotype were detected in S. plagiostomus, S. niger and S. esocinus, respectively. Haplotype diversity was lowest and same in S. esocinus, S. niger and S. progastus (0.0001) and highest in S. plagiostomus (0.5436). Average number of nucleotide differences of 4 species (Kt) was 0.737 and total nucleotide...
Zhijun Zhong1, Rui Tu1, Xichun Wang2, Yi Geng1, Qicheng Xiao1, Yinan Tian1, Bin Wei1, Jiaming Dan1, Ya Wang1 and Guangneng Peng1,*
...on, this study was the first to report the isolation of two B. canis strains from pet dogs in Sichuan province, southwestern China, and to further evaluate B. canis antigen location in tissues. Our study will contribute to the understanding of B. canis pathogenicity in naturally-infected pet dogs....
Qi Ren, Shufeng Sun, Chen Niu, Yuhong Li, Yingzhi Chong, Biao Li, Guoying Zheng and Fumin Feng*
...L7702 cells with 5-aza-2’-deoxycytidine (AZA), and the level was analyzed via the methylation-specific PCR (MSP) methods. The increases in the methylation rate of CpG islands in the CYP1A1 promoter region and expression of DNA methyltransferases (DNMTs). And then the CYP1A1 mRNA and protein expression decreased with cell damage, thus suggesting that elevated methylation of the promoter region of the CYP1A1 gene may affect its expression and could be asso...
Lin Sun1, Xiaofang Bu2, Jian Wang1*, Xiaorui Liu1 and Zhanyi Kong2
...nchial and pulmonary interstitial are regarded as the main pathological injury of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP). However, the exact mechanism of CXCL8 and its mRNA in the children with Mycoplasmal pneumonia needs to be further clarified. The concentration of the CXCL8 in serum and the level of CXCL8 mRNA in PBMCs of forty-eight children were dynamically measured by ELISA and PCR. The ratio of lgcDNA/lgGAPDH was regarded as the extreme level of C...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Imtiaz Sarwar1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Rehan Khalid1, Muhammad Yahya1 and Khurram Shehzad2
... soil.
...
Muhammad Izhar Shafi* and Muhammad Sharif
... and phosphatic fertilizers. This practice involves an increase in the solubility and availability of P in soils. An incubation experiment was conducted during 2017 to evaluate the impact of various P fertilizers applied with and without humic acid on P availability. Three different rates of humic acid as 0, 5 and 10 kg ha-1 with three different P sources as nitrophosphate (NP), single superphosphate (SSP), and di...
Shagufta Naz1, Ayesha Javed1, Ayesha Saleem1, Khadija Murtaza1, Rukhama Haq1, Akbar Hayat2 and Neelma Munir1,*
...n affected these parameters at higher doses but at 0.5 kGy no significant change was observed. 0.5 kGy prouting was inhibited and microflora was reduced at this dose without affecting its nutritional and sensory qualities. So, it was proved to be the best optimized dose was 0.5kGy.
...
Muhammad Siddique1, Muhammad Shafique2,*,Abdul Mateen3, Naveed Shahzad4, Bilal Aslam2, Nasir Ahmad1 and Muhammad Usman Qamar2
... reports and the patient’s history. HCV genotypes were determined by RFLP using amplified products and modified multiplex RT-PCR. Out of 3200 clinical samples, 5.37% (n=172) samples were HCV positive by ICT method. Among these, 96 (55.8%) were confirmed for HCV positive patients. Multiplex RT-PCR data showed that 75 (78%) patients had single HCV genotype infection (3a); three with mixed HCV infection (3a/2a, 3a/3b and 3a/1a) while 18 samples had no HCV s...
Po Bunnika, Khalid Khan and Guo Xiangyu*
... that cooperatives managers should give greater importance to the effective use of capital and labor by increasing agricultural output.
...
Rafiq-ur-Rehman1*, Zahoor Ahmad1, Wiqar Ahmad2, Muhammad Mansoor3 and Shah Masaud1
...>Studies on bio-fertilizers that support the biological N fixation in legume crops is economical and environmentally sound activity in crops production. Response of mungbean cultivar (Inqalab Mung) inoculated with four strains of rhizobium (TAL-634, TAL-169, NARC-BK and NARC-M) was evaluated during two consecutive years 2015 and 2016 at the Agricultural Research Institute, Rata Kulachi, Dera Ismail Khan (31º 49/ N latit...
Abdul Majeed1*, Muhammad Anwar-ul-Haq2, Abid Niaz3, Abid Mahmood4, Naeem Ahmad1 and Hafiz Muhammad Walyat Ali Khan1
Riaz Shah1* and Margaret Appleby2
...ommonly available predators (Phytoseiulus persimilis Athias-Henriot, Neoseiulus fallacis McGregor and Stethorus punctillum Weise). TSSM adult females and adults of TSSM predators were released on the leaf discs either before spray (contact bioassay) or after the spray (residual bioassay). In contact bioassay, all of the tested pesticides killed more than 95% of the TSS...
Azra1* and Shaukat Hussain2
...otypes for individual years. However, significant differences were recorded amongst the genotypes when the data were pooled over two years. Based on disease severity scale 14 genotypes were categorized as moderately resistant, 14 moderately susceptible and the remaining eight genotypes were grouped as highly susceptible. Significant differences were recorded for grain yield among all tested genotypes during kharif season 201...
Sadreddin Tusun*
...ed and figured for the first time by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The females were collected from Batman, Diyarbakır and Mardin Provinces in South Eastern Anatolian Region of Turkey and maintained in the laboratory. The different parts of the third instar larvae such as antennae, head, mandibles, abdomen and types of sensory receptors are described and illustrated.
...
Hande Kucukonder1, Pinar Celebi Demirarslan1*, Sezai Alkan2 and Özgür Baris Bırgul3
... the growth of 118 broilers was analyzed by using their weekly individual live weights from hatch to 49 day-old. In the analysis, nonlinear functions and Rolling-Grey Model (1,1) prediction method were used. The time-dependent growths of mixed sexes broilers were analyzed in the aspects of testing the parallelism of female and male growth samples, determining the best fitted growth model and designating the biological meanin...
Zelle Huma1*, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1 and Farman Ali2
...cted back after 2-3 days’ post application. Dead larvae were then put on the white trap and EPNs has then collected afterward. It is concluded on the basis of results that EPNs is positively recorded in grassy land, tomato field, forest land and poplar trees land in six selected districts of Chitral, Kohat, Haripur, Mardan, Swat, and Peshawar of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Furthermore, the EPNs is positively investigated to maximum level in Chitral, Peshaw...
Muhammad Nisar* and Muhammad Idress
... benefits for small farmers. Home gardening also called kitchen or homestead gardening. Home gardening study is necessary not only due to its social, food security and economic contribution, but its consideration’s negligence in development agendas. Home gardening data provide complete agricultural input in a nation’s domestic treasure. Therefore, the current study was carried ...
Wiqar Ahmad1*, Farmanullah Khan2, Muhammad Sharif2 and Muhammad Jamal Khan2
... viz the control, farmer’s practice (FP) (N:P2O5 @ 60:45 and 15:30 kg ha-1 for cereals and lentils), recommended dose (RD) (N:P2O5:K2O @ 120:90:60 and 30:60:0 kg ha-1 for cereal and lentils) and integrated nutrient management (INM) (N:P2O5:K2O + FYM @ 60:90:60 kg + 20 t ha-1 for cereals and 7:30:0 kg + 20 tons ha-1 for lenti...
Muhammad Qasim1*, Said Qasim2, Muhammad Naeem1, Amir Nawaz Khan3 and Shahid Iqbal4
... small-scale inland fishers for the years 2001 and 2016, in district Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Three types of fishers were selected for the study i.e. farming fishers, fishing farmers and occasional fishers, through two stage cluster...
Tahsin Razzaq*, Muhammad Fareed Khan and Shahid Iqbal Awan
...types were screened in first field trail in June 2016. Genotypes had significant differences for NCLB severity and reactions and were classified into resistant, susceptible and moderate categories on the basis of 0-5 disease severity scale. The percent disease incidence ranged from 20-60% and area under disease progressive curve (AUDPC) 22-362dsu (Development stage unit). On the basis of disease rating scale and pathological traits, it was reported that three ...
Rakhshanda Kousar1, Tahira Sadaf1*, Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum2, Muhammad Amjed Iqbal1 and Raza Ullah1
...des analysis of Pakistan’s comparative and competitive advantage in production of top three fruits, namely mango, citrus and dates by using Revealed Comparative Advantage, Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage, Relative Export Advantage Index and Log of Relative Export Advantage Index. For this purpose, time series data has been collected for the period 2001-2018 from Food and Agricultural Organization Statistics, International Trade Centre map, and W...
QihangLiu1,2, YueliJiang2, Tong Li2, Jin Miao2, Zhongjun Gong2, Yun Duan2, and YuqingWu2*
...es to capture large numbers of locusts to avoid such swarms. The exploitation of locusts phototactic response has been one such technique. The current study investigated the impact of different light wavelengths and intensities on the visual and thoracic temperature responses of locusts. Our results showed that ultraviolet (UV), violet, and orange light stimulated the visual system of the locust and resulted in increases in thoracic temperature, orange light s...
Shou-Hong Zhang1*, Ying Zhang1, Kun-Ming Wen2, Wei Wu3 and Wen-Yan Li3
...I. The perfusion parameters of PWl were compared with the fibrosis stage. The total fibrous tissue in the liver of rats treated with HGF was lower than that in control group. The time-signal intensity curve (TIC) peak of liver parenchyma of rats with hepatic fibrosis was characterized by a slow wash-in –out. A correlation was found between the perfusion parameters and the stage of fibrosis. As the stage of fibrosis inc...
Beenish Zahid*1,2,7, Javed Iqbal Qazi2, Amir Zohaib2, Asim Aslam3, Raheela Akhter3, Haleema Sadia4, Qurat ul Ain5, Razia Sultana6, Irfan Irshad3 and Sobia Alyas7
...d by using specific primers of reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Out of 50 field samples 11 cloacal swabs (34%), were positive and out of 50, nine oropharyngeal swabs (18%) were positive for NDV through RT-PCR. DNA sequencing was performed by amplifying the RT-PCR amplicon targeted the F gene. Phylogenetic tree was constructed. It was concluded that virulent strains were existed in ducks and more than...
Jiaxin Guo1, Xiumei Zhang1,2, Xiaoyan Wang2, Liqin Liu2 and Tianxiang Gao1,*
... highly polymorphic markers was important to conduct the conservation of S. japonica. In this study, next-generation sequencing and de novo assembly were used for potential useful microsatellite markers obtaining of S. japonica. A total of 120 microsatellite markers were designed and tested, 25 primer pairs showed polymorphism among ...
Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Imran Khan1, Muhammad Afzal1, Azhar Abbas Khan2, Syed Muhammad Ali Zahid1, Muhammad Saqib1, Asad Abdullah1, Saba Kousar1 and Maryam Riaz1
... among experimental factors and their interactions. The leaf injury caused by H. armigera was higher (38.5 cm2 and 30.5cm2) on non-transgenic genotype at high and low moisture levels of plants respectively. Similarly, the relative growth and consumption rate of H. armigera was higher on non-transgenic genotype compared to transgenic. Overall the performance of H. armigera feeding was greater on high-watered leaves compared to water stress leaves. The results s...
Muhammad Shahzad Akbar*, Maria Aslam, Muhammad Rehan Khalid, Shahid Iqbal, Muhammad Luqman and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed
... application of highly persistent synthetic insecticides which often cause different non-target effects such as environment contamination. This laboratory study evaluated the toxicity of methanolic extracts of eight flowers i.e. Mexican marigold (Tagetes lucida), African marigold (Tegates erecta), tecoma (Tecoma stans), calendula (Calendula officinalis), basil (Ocimum basilicum), oxeye daisy (Leucanthemum vulgare), lily (Lil...
Ahmad Ali1,2,* and Aleem Ahmed Khan1
...ere documented for the first time. The size of sock ball is about 7-8cm in diameter having noose traps of 7-8cm in size used to install on the surface.Laggar falcon (F. jugger) and white eyed buzzard (B. teesa) also used as technique to capture superior (migratory) falcons. Animals used as lure in biological traps were pigeon (Columba livia), quail (Coturnix coturnix), sparrow (Passer domesticus), my...
Abdul Razzaq1*, Muhammad Islam2, Zahra Islam3, Zahida Fatima1, Munib Hussain4 and Farmanullah5,6
...out the world which impairs productivity and leads to high economic losses. In most part of the world, drug resistance against anthelmintic is now very common. In this context, various alternative control programs including herbal use against these worms is also an important option. To explore the problem, three available synthetic anthelmintic (Oxfendazole alone, oxfendazole-Levamisole combination and Ivermectin) were administered to natural major nematodes (...
Aamir Saleem1, Arshad Mahmood Malik2*, Najam Ul Hassan1 and Imtiaz A. Qamar3
...arameter (Number of tillers, number of leaves, plant height, fresh land dry weight and crude protein) and meteorological data regarding rain fall, temperature, pan evaporation, sunshine and wind speed for interpreting results along with their statistical analysis as fixing legume with grass has improved the forage quality. Overall, these results has suggested that grass-legume mixtures can improve livestock and pasture productivity, sustainability and as well ...
Muneer Abbas1*, Muhammad Ramzan1, Niaz Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Khalid Hussain1, Sohail Abbas2 and Ali Raza3
...ring, killing and biodiversity studies of nocturnal insect population. Funnel shaped light traps were used in mungbean and gram crops throughout the year. Effects of light traps were assessed by daily night collections in relation with abiotic factors based on marginal cost benefit ratio. Results indicated that total 32415 insect’s captures were made with >26 insect species includ...
Muhammad Abdul Rahman1*, Abdul Saboor1, Gulnaz Hameed1, Ghulam Bilal2 and Farooq Tanwir3
...ronmental hazardous factors (CEHFs), threatening health and production of dairy production system in Pakistan under climate change scenario. Expert Judgment approach is employed to identify and then rank most significant CEHFs that are related to emerging security hazards to dairy system. These CEHFs are then stitched with existing body of literature to consolidate our findings. Results comprised key CEHFs affecting occurrence of security hazards to dairy prod...
Mazhar Habib1, Aamir Saleem1, Arshad Mahmood Malik2*, Sarfraz Ahmed3 and Sameera Arshad4
...re morphological characters (plant height, tiller density and herbage yield) of Blue panic grass. With the advance in maturity of clipping stages, plant height and no. of tillers in the grass increased (P<0.05). Herbage yield showed (fresh biomass yield, dry matter yield) significant differences (P<0.05) at each clipping stage. With advanced plant maturity species, its herbage yield increased (P<0.05). However, phon...
Ahmed Zia*
...ortant taxonomic characters and habitat information is discussed in detail to facilitate readers of this document. A key to the known species of Coeliccia from Pakistan is also provided. A need to conduct further surveys in whole hill belt is highly felt with a view to get more information especially for its male and naiads. ...
Wajid Shah Yousafzai1, Irfan Ullah1*, Amjad Ali1, Mahmood Iqbal2 and Salman Khan1
... revealed that Tractor (hrs), Labor (M-days), FYM (kg), chemical fertilizer (kg), pesticide/weedicide (ml), and irrigation numbers have positive effects on onion production in the research area. Allocative efficiency estimates showed that tractor hours, FYM, chemical fertilizer, and pesticide/weedicide are under-utilized having ratios of 22.15, 8.65, 5.49 and 34.69 respectively. Similarly,...
Muhammad Azam Niazi1* and Umar Farooq2
...ness of the Basmati farmers to various stimuli is important for the policy makers to plan resource allocation and output of Basmati rice. Supply response analysis was carried out to quantify the response of farmers to price and non-price factors. Most of the literature on supply response of crops in Pakistan has relied on the assumption that the data ser...
Muhammad Saleem1*, Ehsan Elahi1, Allah Wadhayo Gandahi1, Saleem Maseeh Bhatti1, Hajra Ibrahim2 and Muhammad Ali3
...ant plant growth parameters ; height of plant (cm), stem girth, diameter of flower disk (cm), quantity of achenes (head-1), weight of 1000 achenes, oil (%) in achene, yield (ha-1), and sulphur content (%) in plant straw were evaluated. The values among the treatments for higher plant height (161.80 cm), wide stem girth (4.80 cm), flower head diameter (15.40 cm), maximum number of achene head-1 (787), weight of 1000 achenes (50.29 g), higher grain yield ha-1 (6...
Hina Fatima1*, Abdul Jabbar2 and Khurram Nawaz3
...y of 430 wheat crop farmers was conducted in the district of Rahim Yar Khan in year 2014. In order to estimate the impact of farm inputs on wheat crop production, Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) was used. The major objectives of this survey were to identify factors of variation and effect of planting of wheat after BT and Non-BT-cotton varieties on wheat production. In this study, the average technical efficiency of wheat...
Arifa Khan1*, Shazia Erum2, Naveeda Riaz1, Abdul Ghafoor2 and Farhat Ali Khan3
...nt height, number of tubers per plant, average tuber weight per plant, tuber shape, skin, flesh color, number of eyes per tuber, sensory evaluation and proximate analysis. Results showed significant differences in all yields and phenotypic quality traits. High sprouting (100%) and plant height was observed in CIP8 (31.60 cm). CIP12 produced more number of tubers/plant (23.4 tubers) with lo...
Hala Rajab1, Muhammad Sayyar Khan1*, Safdar Hussain Shah1 and Syed Mehar Ali Shah2
...vital roles in the plant’s survival under abiotic and biotic stresses. Cysteine (Cys) is the first organic molecule in the cell containing reduced sulfur and acts as a precursor for many sulfur-containing compounds including Glutathione (GSH). GSH functions to protect the plants against different forms of stresses. In this study, the feedback-insensitive serine acetyltransferase (SAT...
Muhammad Naeem Khan* and Asad Jan
...;0.72 %) while crude fibers were found least in amount (1.43±0.53 %). Among different minerals, reasonable amount of calcium (3268±0.53 μg/g), potassium (2873±0.71 μg/g), sodium (591±0.23 μg/g) and iron (223 ± 0.46 μg/g) were found while no cadmium and chromium was detected. MCE and EAF displayed considerable antibacterial activity against Xanthomonas campestris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa causing 12.6±0.54 ...
Jahangir Khan*, Syed Attaullah Shah, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai, Muhammad Fayaz, Shahid Ali, Abbas Ullah Jan and Ghaffar Ali
...tudy investigates consumers’ preferences and estimate willingness to pay for different quality attributes of apple in Peshawar district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A sample 150 apple consumers were interviewed at different fruits retail shops to collect data on apple varieties, prices and quality attributes, such as color, size, shape, freshness and external defect. The data were analyzed...
Yousaf Noor*, Zahir Shah and Muhammad Tariq
...eous soils at three farmers fields in Dubandai and Palai area of District Malakand of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during 2009-2010. A randomized complete block experiment with split plot arrangement was used. Methods of application (Soil and Foliar) were assigned to main plots while micronutrients (Zn @2.5 kg ha-1, B @ 2.5 kg ha-1 and Zn plus B) were kept in subplots. The results showed that Zn, B and Zn + B and their methods of application significantly affe...
Saad ud Din Khan1, Syed Rashid Ali1 and Sanam Wagma Khattak2*
...stability of the parameters, cusum and cusumq tests are used and found structural break-through intercept at 1985. The variables, exchange rate volatility, and cotton production have a significant and negative relationship. It shows that the cotton producer in Pakistan has risk-averse behaviour. Another variable, capital-labour ratio has a positive and significant impact on cotton production in Pakistan. ...
Jahangir Khan1*, Abbasullah Jan1, Kar Ho Lim2, Syed Attaullah Shah1*, Aditya R Khanal2 and Ghaffar Ali1
...y investigated household’s willingness to pay (WTP) for pesticide-free locally produced fresh fruits in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A Contingent Valuation Survey Method (CVM), constructed with a double-bounded WTP elicitation format, was used to interview a randomly selected sample of 600 households. Survey data revealed that households were willing to pay on average rupees 26 more per kilogram of pesticides free fruits. Results from regression analysi...
Tanveer Ahmad1*, Muhammad Mujtaba Rafiq1, Waqas Ahmed Dogar2, Abid Mahmood Alvi3, Qumer Iqbal4, Muhammad Azam5 and Arshad Ali Khan6
...s were compared by Tukey’s HSD test. Association of the biological traits of phalsa with phosphorus was further estimated by correlation analysis. Results indicated that phosphorus application @ 150g plant-1 has improved various traits i.e. number of fruit bush-1 (4866.7), yield bush-1 (2.19 kg), single fruit weight (0.656 g), number of fruiting nodes (12.18) and number of sprouted shoots cane-1 (13.89). However, vegetative characte
Muhammad Abdul Qayyum1*, Farhat Bashir2, Muhammad Mudassar Maqbool3, Anser Ali3, Saqib Bashir1 and Qaiser Abbas4
...otechnology, plant breeders can produce salt tolerant crops. ...
Raheel Saqib1*, Muhammad Luqman2, Iqbal Javed3, Abdur Rehman4, Muhammad Yaseen2, Saleem Ashraf5 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed2
...gies of small-scale farmers in rain-fed areas of Pakistan. The targeted area of the study was Potohar region of the Punjab Province. Quantitative data were collected from 200 households and analyzed by using SPSS. Results highlighted that the situation of livelihood assets possessed by the respondents was not satisfactory. Majority of the households had limited human, financial, physical, social and natural capitals. In the scenario of climate change, househol...
Umar Hayat1*, Shahid Ali1, Abdul Mateen2 and Hazrat Bilal2
...orld Development Indicators (WDI). Ordinary least square (OLS) method is used to estimate the model. Empirical results of the study reveal that agricultural growth and other important variables of the study such as cash crops, livestock, fisheries and forestry are significantly affecting poverty head count rate in Pakistan. Thus, long-run agriculture growth programme in line with overall economic development targets of the country needs to be planned on operat...
Fazle Akbar and Sahib Alam*
...or the aforesaid parameters. The data showed that aw and storage time alone and interactively significantly (p<0.05) affected the analyzed parameters. The lowest total fungal counts (12.26×103 CFUs/g) were recorded in 0.85 aw sample at the start of storage, whereas the highest total viable counts i.e. 18.01×103 CFUs/g were documented at day 45 in the grain sample of 0.95 aw. The total Fusarium count varied fro...
Shahid Ali1*, Farhan1, Murtaza1, Neelum Andaleeb2 and Amjad Ali1
...efficiency of wheat growers in Swabi district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A four stage random sampling technique was used to collect data from 160 respondents. Stochastic frontier production (SFP) function was used to analyze the technical efficiency of wheat growers. The Maximum Likelihood estimates of the model-1 showed that seed quantity, urea, chemicals (Pesticides and weedicides), labor and tractor hou
Betül Ayça Dönmez, Sarbesh Das Dangol and Allah Bakhsh*
...sing tetraploid S. tuberorsum cv. Desiree as a control using five different Agrobacterium strains harboring pBIN19 binary vector that further contains gusA gene, interrupted by an intronic sequence, under the control of 35S CaMV promoter. After transformation, we analyzed the transformation efficiencies of each of the Agrobacterium strains using the histochemical GUS analysis. The highest gusA gene transfer efficiency rate both for leaf (60%) and internode (10...
Muhammad Asghar Hassan1, Imran Bodlah1*, Ayesha Aihetasham2,Muhammad Adnan Bodlah3, Khadim Hussain4
Hanif Ullah1, Muhammad Inayat Ullah Khan2, Suleman3, Sawar Khan1,Salma Javed4, Abdul Qadeer1, Mohsin Nawaz1, Sardar Azhar Mehmood4
... under the age of ten years were found highly effected and implicated with weak immunity whereas P. vivax was found the most common causative agent of malaria in District Dir Lower, which needs immediate attention to take preventive measures.
...
Muhammad Furqan Shahid1*, Tahir Yaqub1, Muhammad Yasin Tipu2, Asim Aslam2, Saima Yaqub1, Aziz-ul-Rahman3, Muzaffar Ali1
...when challenged in broilers, Partridge origin anti-H9N2 antibodies showed varied hemagglutination inhibition results (4log2 to 15log2) when cross reacted with different antigens, suggesting H9N2 viruses are circulating with different antigenic characteristics. Sero-biochemical analysis of blood collected at 7th DPI revealed an increase in aspartate amino transaminase (246-308 U/L), alanine amino transferase (31-58 U/L) and bloo...
Shaukat Ali1,*, Sadia Batool2, Fatima Javed Butt2, Sundas Nasreen1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1
...t technologies, researchers are looking for a unique treatment strategy for diagnosis and treatment of cancer; it is a second chief cause of deaths in the world. Advances in chemotherapeutic agents, various radiological techniques and bio-nanoparticles treatments (i.e., green synthesized metallic nanoparticles) attracted many researchers to conclude a novel cancer treatment strategy. Unluckily every strategy had some working...
Khaled Kaboudi*
...orth Africa, where the first outbreaks were described since the end of 1990s, many features about epidemiology and genetic characteristics are still little known. This review summarized the epidemiological situation of H9N2 subtype in poultry in Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Sudan and Tunisia. Human infection was reported in Egypt and serosurveys programs showed high positivity, particularly in poultry workers. Genetic ana...
Muhammad Israr* and Noor Khan
...re (FSC) program on farmers’ adoption of improved wheat seed technology in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. A sample of 336 wheat growers, consisted of equal number of FSC registered and non-registered farmers, was selected from Northern, Central and Southern climatic zones of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The selected wheat growe
Ankur Abrol, Madhumeet Singh, Akshay Sharma* and Pravesh Kumar
...siderable impact on farmers economically. From a clinical frame of reference, the etiology of dystocia is either of maternal or fetal origin although the exact etiology is multifaceted. Uterine torsion is considered as one of major contributors among the maternal causes. This condition exerts considerable stress on the animal and if not treated promptly, it can lead to deterioration of liv...
Hafiz Muhammad Arsalan1, Maria Altaf1, Zeemal Seemab Amin1, Muhammad Khalil Ahmad Khan2, Anum Shahzadi1, Hina Mudasser1, Iqra Maqsood1, Nazia Gulshan1, Saira Naseem3
...atients and 50 healthy persons were included in this study. 5 ml Blood was drawn and serum was separated. Anti-Oxidant Biomarkers, Serum micronutrients, serum Electrolyte balance was measured through spectrophotometric procedure. Serum MDA level jump high in patients (14.19) as compared to normal subjects (3.26). Serum Glutathione declined in disease persons (0.56) from healthy subjects (6...
Fizza Anwar1, Muddassar Zafar1*, Zahid Anwar1, Raja Tahir Mehmood2
...ent fermentation parameters were optimized to produce antimicrobial agents using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and best results were obtained at 45°C temperature, 5.5 pH, 5 mL inoculum concentration, 1.5 mL banana peel as substrate and 20 days incubation time. The antimicrobial activity of secondary metabolites was tested against Streptococcus aglactaie, Streptococcu...
Tanzeela Riaz, Fiza Sana-Ullah Khan, Farah Rauf Shakoori
...d to be mannanase producers by qualitative analysis. Three isolates (MBL-SP02, MBL-CW01 and MBL-GN02) produced maximum zone of hydrolysis with maximum activity ratio. These isolates (MBL-SP02, MBL-CW01 and MBL-GN02) produced maximum units of mannanase activity, i.e., 9.474, 7.364 and 3.568 U/ml in quantitative, respectively.These best producers were further selected for optimization of cultural conditions for mannanas...
Ali Mujtaba Shah1,2,3, Ali Raza Shah3, Muhammad Farooque Hassan2, Muhammad Yousif2, Zhisheng Wang1*
...um after birth also confers additional protection by binding to intestinal receptors which could otherwise be bound by bacteria. Moreover, the adequate colostrum reduces neonatal mortality, strengthen immunity and increase animal lifespan. Delaying intake of colostrum in dairy calves causes decreased transport of both immunoglobulins as well as fat-soluble vitamins. In this review, an attempt has been made to study the compo...
Sobia Nazir1, Muhammad Irfan1*, Muhammad Nadeem2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir3*, Muhammad Khan3, Shaukat Ali4, Quratulain Syed2
...substrate. Three parameters were used such as inoculum size (1, 5.5 and 10%), medium volume (1, 3 and 5ml) and incubation period (3, 4, 5 days) to observed the maximum activity of cellulase using Box-Bhenken design of response surface methodology. Maximum activity of CMCase (0.700 IU/gds/min) and FPase (0.260 IU/gds/min) was observed on 4th day with inoculum size of 1% and medium volume of 1ml (for 5g substrate). The proposed model was highly signif...
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Palwasha Jabeen, Chand Raza, Shaukat Ali
...k is harvested from spiders and silkworms throughout the world. Spider silk varies in types and functions according to the gland producing them. The silk in mulberry and non-mulberrys silkworms also varies from each other. Spidroin is the protein found in spider silk while silkworm silk is made up of an inner core of fibroin and outer layer of sericin protein. After the removal of sericin, silk is non-immunogenic and non-allergic. It is a renowned biomaterial ...
Hafiza Sadaf Zahra1, Asia Iqbal2, Sayyeda Hira Hassan1, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1*, Muhammad Khan1*, Muhammad Irfan3, Chaman Ara1, Shaukat Ali4
... with environmental factors. Artificial light at night (ALAN) is considered one of the major environmental risk factors for breast cancer. It inhibits production of melatonin (MLT) from pineal gland which results in abnormal epigenetic changes that relates with an increased risk of BC. The most important ALAN-mediated epigenetic changes include methylation of DNA and acetylation of histone, which are significant for growth, ...
Rimsha Munir1, 2*
...selected that showed inverse proliferation trends under 2D and 3D cell culture systems: HCT-116 displays decreased, while HepG2 displays increased proliferation rates under 3D system. The presented data indicated that the proliferative capacity of the given cell line was associated with its ability to deal with metabolic stress under 2D or 3D system. HCT-116 cells coped better with metabolic stress in 2D system while HepG2 in 3D system.
...
Mehwish Faheem1*, Maleeha Rafeeq1, Aisha Majeed1 and Saba Khaliq2
...
...
Haq Aman Ullah1,*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Ijaz2, Aqeel Javeed3, Muqadder Shah1 and Ikramul Haq1
...on physiological biomarkers with special reference to udder health and serum parameters of lactating goats. Thirty two lactating Beetal goats of 3-4 y age, weighing 40.91±0.285, were randomly selected, and equally divided into four groups. Group A was kept as control while animals of groups B, C, and D were individually fed daily with 30µg, 40µg and 50µg of AFB1, respectively, through naturally conta...
Abu ul Hassan Faiz1,*, Fakhar-i-Abbas2, Mehboob ul Hassan3 and Lariab Zahra Faiz1
...ftware (XLSTAT-Ecology version). The habitat was positively correlated in the two areas while the study site Harighel fields was negatively correlated. It was also found that most species except for a few were positively correlated with habitat. The infestation of pest starts at the time of sowing and continued to post harvest stage. A properly scheduled ecofriendly approach was needed to control this infestation to prevent significant loss of maize production...
Shahid Sherzada1,2,4,*, Muhammad Naeem Khan4, Masroor Ellahi Babar2, Muhammad Idrees3, Abdul Wajid2, Muhammad Nauman Sharif3, Muhammad Shahzad Iqbal3, Iram Amin3 and Muhammad Shahid3
... of Pakistan. Among members of Cyprinidae family, Indian major carp species (Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, Catla catla)are very suitable fish species for culture in Pakistan. However, the identification and phylogeny of these fish species are of much interest today. DNA barcoding is used as a bio-identification tool for the organism globally. The current study was also conducted for the fast and accurate identification of Indian major carp species. T...
Syed Maaz Nadeem1*, Muti ur Rehman Khan1, Asim Aslam1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh1, Arfan Ahmad1* and Muhammad Anees2
...lance of disease and understanding of local field CAV strains. The CAVs have been reported previously both in broiler chicken and layer birds in Pakistan; however, their molecular characterization is largely inadequate and requires continuous evaluation. In this study, sequencing and molecular analysis of specific regions overlapping VP1-VP2 and VP2-VP3 genes of CAV strain from outbreaks in broiler flock (n=45) were undertaken in the Punjab Province of Pakista...
Chaman Ara1*, Asmatullah1, Sehrish Kanwa1, Asma Chaudhary2, Ayesha Siddiqua1
...ping in view the controversy about its toxicity, current study was conducted to assess the levofloxacin induced hepatotoxicity, nephrotoxicity and its likely noxious effects on spermatogenesis in mammals. Forty mice, randomly categorized into four groups (N=10) were administered orally with different concentrations of levofloxacin (0.00, 9.37, 18.75 and 37.50µg/g BW of mice) for 30 days consecutively. Mice were sacrificed on 31st day (24 hou
Chaman Ara1*, Asmatullah1, Zainab Riaz1, Memoona1, Asma Chaudhary2, Shagufta Andleeb2
...sup> day, twenty-four hours after the last dose administration. Results showed that continuous administration of butyl paraben (BP) had decreased the organs weight as compared to control. Regarding biochemical parameters results had shown an increased enzymatic level of alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and a significant increase in bilirubin levels in BP group. Significant ...
Peng Chen1,2, Zuhao Huang3,Chaoying Zhu1, Yuqing Han1, Zhifeng Xu1,
Guanglong Sun1, Zhen Zhang1, Dongqin Zhao4, Gang Ge1 and Luzhang Ruan1*
...gence time of the suborders Grui was about 17.62 (29.76~4.15) Ma, and the emergence time of the suborders of the Ralli was about 32.18 (46.17~19.69) Ma. The origin time of Charadriiformes was about 45.44 (58.21~24.67) Ma. The origin time of the Charadrii was 44.52 Ma (52.66 ~ 23.55 Ma). The divergence time of Charadrii, Lari and Scolopaci was about 33.46 (43.44~22.92) Ma, 29.10 (40.67~16.43) Ma and 27.06 (34.83 ~ 12.72) Ma, ...
Turab Ali Kaurajo1*, Huma Rizwana1, Gulbahar Khaskheli2, Muhammad Haroon Baloch1, Muhammad Naeem Rajput1, Asad Ali Khaskheli3 and Mohsin Solangi1
...at district Khairpur Mir’s, Sindh during the year of 2017. A total of sixty camel herders were selected during the survey and interviewed using comprehensive Questionnaire. Survey indicated that the Sakrai breed is prominent in number followed by Dhatti, Larri/Sindhi. Camel herders were almost uneducated except small proportions that were primary passed. Among the land holde
Imran1*, Amanullah1, Muhammad Arif1, Zahir Shah2 and Abdul Bari3
...mpact of peach (Prunus persica L.) residues and soil application of Trichoderma (soft-rot fungi) along with seed inoculation of phosphate solubilizing bacteria (PSB) (Pseudomonas) and phosphorus (P) on weeds frequency, and biomass at various growth stages of soybean and its yield contributing parameters. The consecutive field experiments for years 2016 and 2017 using randomized complete bl...
Sana Munir1, Muhammad Kamran Qureshi1*, Ahmad Naeem Shahzad2, Ismat Nawaz3, Muhammad Shahzad Anjam4, Sumaira Rasul4 and Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar5
...ate level of genetic diversity various cotton genotypes, inter and intraspecific hybrids were assessed for yield, yield contributing and fiber traits using various multivariate analysis such as principle component analysis and linkage cluster analysis. Principle component analysis (PCA) exhibited that first four PC out of nineteen PC, with eigen value >1, contributed about 80.326 % of total variability. Positive contribut...
Manzoor1*, Ahmad Khan1, Amir Sohail2, Shahzad Ali1, Fawad Ali Shah3, Junaid Iqbal3, Muhammad Owais Khan4 and Sultan Nawaz4
... Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, during May 2017. Deficit Irrigations were allotted to main plots, while planting methods were allotted to sub plots. Deficit irrigations had significant (P≤0.05) affect on all parameters excluding number of plants at harvest. Full irrigation (10 irrigations) had significantly more plant height (189.25 cm), 1000 grain weight (211.25 g), leaf area (425.95 cm2), number ...
Javeria Zafar1, Asif Nadeem1*, Maryam Javed1, Fehmeeda Fatima1, Wasim Shehzad1, Ghulam Abbas1, Rajput Zahid Iqbal2 and Muhammad Muddassir Ali1
...olymorphism, Genetic diversity and Phylogenetic analysis were carried out by the MUSCLE, DnaSP and MEGA6 tools. Total of 20 variations at different positions were found in aligned sequence results. Sequence conservation was observed for the ibex population. The overall results showed a close evolutionary relationship among Capra aegagrus, Capra nubiana, Capra falconeri, Capra hircus and Capra caucasica, demonstrating that they all were evolved from same...
Aftab Shaukat1,2,*, Tauseef ur Rehman3, Rizwan Shukat4, Shahid Ali Rajput5,
Shadab Shaukat6, Muhammad Ahsan Naeem2,5,8, Mubashar Hassan2,5, Tabassam Fatima2,5,
Fayyaz Ahmad1, Muhammad Usman Saleem7, Fatima Arooj1, Ashar Mehfooz2 and Anas Sarwar Qureshi2
...antar fodder for four hours daily and were sheltered during the rest time in different pens with separate feeding during the whole experimental period. Ad libitum supply of fresh clean drinking water was made available round the clock. Exposed does were mated naturally and bucks were inducted to the exposed does for 30 minutes at morning and evening daily for teasing purpose to identify does in estrus, while separate them for breeding with enlisted buck...
Barkat Ali1,2, Wasim Sajjad1,2,3, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Rafiq1, Sahib Zada1, Aamer Ali Shah1 and Fariha Hasan1,*
...y metals such as; iron, arsenic, cadmium, chromium, and nickel were shown by strains like; Alcaligenes spp. N14 and N21, Bordetella spp. N30 and Streptomyces spp. N28. Alcaligenes spp. N27 and Lysinibacillus spp. P17 showed strong activity against all the three ATCC strains. The study concludes that the bacteria isolated from the rocks having substantial resistance to heavy metals are also showing good antibacterial activity ...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,2*,Mujahid Manzoor1, Zubair Aslam3 and Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad1, 2
...0 gene in different Instars as well as collected population. The dsRNA specific for CYP450 gene was designed and targeted through dsRNA in thoracic region of R. ferruginous through micro-injection. Gene expression and proteomic study confirmed the down regulation of P450 gene and associated protein in dsRNA treated population. The application of ds RNA specific for CYP450 also reduced insecticide resistance in R. ferruginous. The developme...
Iffat Nawaz1*, Farhatullah1, Fida Muhammad1, Sajid Ali2 and Ghulam Muhammad Ali3
...nt source of genetic diversity. A total of 96 indigenous accessions of common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) were collected from three different areas of Himalaya region of Pakistan. In all accessions, 78.1% were collected from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa while 11.5% from Kashmir and 10.4% from Gilgit Baltistan. Primary evaluation of seed characteristics was done according to International Board of Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR) descriptors
Arjumand Nizami1, Jawad Ali2 and Muhammad Zulfiqar3
...ucial in terms of disasters with likelihood of spring / monsoon floods and winter drought. ...
Syeda Naila, Muhammad Ibrar, Fazal Hadi* and Muhammad Nauman Khan
...dex were (42.72). Transverse section of the root showed outer epidermal cells, cortex and pericycle, xylem and phloem cells. Powder drug microscopy, ash analysis, extractive values and fluorescence analysis were also studied. Preliminary phytochemical screenings of different extracts of Oxalis pes-caprae L. showed the presence of carbohydrates, phenols, flavonoids, tannins, saponin, fats and oils ...
Fariha Latif1*, Muhammad Javed2, Hammad Ahmad Khan2 and Khalil-Ur-Rehman3
... processes and is very persistent in the aquatic environment. The main objective of this study was to assess the time and dose dependent effects of Pb on bioaccumulation and oxidative stress in the liver, kidney, gills, muscles and brain of Cirrhina mrigala. The 120-days old fish were exposed to 1/4th (11.81mgL-1) and 2/3rd (31.49mgL-1) of 96-h LC50 of water-borne Pb for three fortnights (42 days) i...
Sanaullah1, Fazli Rabbi2*, Shahid Ali2, Zeeshan Khan3 and Muhammad Zamin4
...amous tourist and biodiversity hot spot. The valley has remained underdeveloped in terms of infrastructure, tourists’ information facilities, telecommunication, affordable public transport system, and comfortable accommodation for the tourists. In the past few years, the development of this tourists’ spot has been neglected in the public deve...
Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,2, Abdul Majid Khan2*, Ayesha Iqbal2, Amtur Rafeh2, Muhammad Tahir Waseem2 and Muhammad Ameen2
...e present paper is the first ever report on occurrence of enamel hypoplasia in extinct tragulids. The dental defect, enamel hypoplasia is caused by suppressed function of enamel forming cells called ameloblasts. It is used as a reliable stress marker in different extinct mammalian taxa to trace out the level of ecological stress faced by these animals during their life histories. We have studied this defect in three extinct Siwalik tragulid species including; ...
Ghulam Hussain1, Muhammad Asrar1, Dilbar Hussain2, Khurum Zia3, Abdul Rashid4*, Hina Anwar5, Muhammad Azeem1, Saddam Hussain1 and Sabeen Asghar1
...fter 3,6,12,24 and 48 hours. Maximum mortality of cotton mealy bug was recorded in Syngenta 50EC (profenofos) are 42%, 62%, 80%, 88%, 94 % while Match 50EC exhibit minimum percentage of mortality is 22%,34%,48%, 72% and 76% after 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 hours respectively.
...
...
Qamar Zeb1*, Silvia I. Rondon2, Hayat Badshah,1 and Arsalan Khan1
...y Pakistani wheat cultivars were grown at the Agricultural Research Institute in Tarnab-Peshawar, Pakistan during the winter (‘rabi’ in local language) season. Plots were arranged in a randomized complete block design with three replicates per treatment/cultivar. Population of aphids, and numbers of parasitoids and predators were recor...
Zübeyde Kumbıçak1,* and Hatice Poyraz2
...tally fourteen male spiders. The two Drassodes species had karyotypes comprising 10 pairs of autosomes plus sex chromosomes which were X1X20 (♂) type. All chromosomes including sex chromosomes were telocentric and relative lengths of autosomal pairs were decreased gradually in size. All male meiosis was chiasmate and during the firs
Tanweer Kumar1, Sahib Zada2,3,Muhammad Irfan4,*, Huma Batool5 and Wasim Sajjad2,6
...raphic, clinical parameters and the risk factors in patients with HBV. A total of 4,758 blood samples from the mixed population were collected including 2382 male 2376 females. All the samples were subjected to hepatitis B surface antigen Immuno-chromatographic test (ICT), HBsAg enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and by Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction for the existence of an...
Saman Muhsin Abdulkareem* and Nadir Mustafa Nanakali
...oxidative stress biomarkers, liver enzymes, and the expression of CYP1A1 gene. The results of this study indicated that exposure to TCDD (10µg/kg/day) could significantly increase liver oxidative stress biomarkers and serum liver enzymes (p<0.05). While, pre and post treatment of QCT (20 mg/kg/day) had protective effects on hepatotoxicity induced by TCDD and could significantly decrease these facto
Zekeriya Demir1 and Hatice Kaya2*
...y and some blood parameters of laying hens. A total of 96 Lohmann layers, 28 weeks of age, were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments and fed a control diet (Pol-0), basal diet plus 0.5% (Pol-1), 1.0% (Pol-2) and 1.5% (Pol-3) bee pollen. The present study lasted for twelve weeks. During the experimental period, the hens were fed ad-libitum and water was available all the times. The hen house was lit for 17 h. ...
Hüseyin Erdem* and Ibrahim Cihangir Okuyucu
Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1*, Javed Iqbal Qazi2, Abdul Shakoor Chaudhry2, Muhammad Irfan3, Muhammad Khan1, Shaukat Ali4 and Saima Shahzad Mirza5
...etals contents in fishes’ scales were associated with variations in heavy metals contents in the environment during different seasons. These results revealed the potential of fish scales to depict the metal profile of water bodies without sacrificing the animals. ...
Urooba Pervaiz1*, Madeeha Iqbal1 and Dawood Jan2
...required sample, 80 farmers were randomly selected from five villages and data were collected through interview schedule. It was found that majority farmers were literate up to middle; young farmers showed more positive attitude towards extension recommendations, 93% farmers knew extension workers both by name and face...
Rahat Naz*, Mussawar Shah, Asad Ullah, Intikhab Alam and Younas Khan
...ir, constituted the universe of the study. A sample size of 370, was randomly selected from the total population of 10142 through proportional allocation method. The conceptual framework comprised of two study variables i.e “agriculture production” and “climate change effects on human life”. To established association between the study variables the perception of climate change effect on human life was indexed and cross tabulated with l...
Waseem Abbas1, Shakeel-ur-Rehman2, Abdul Rashid2, Muhammad Kamran3, Muhammad Atiq2 and Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq3*
...otton is the king of fibers and it is an important cash crop of tropical and subtropical regions. The present research was carried out to evaluate the comparative efficacy of different against the cotton leaf curl virus vector (Bemisia tabaci) and indirectly the disease incidence. Leaves extracts of four plant extracts i.e. Calotropis gigantea, Zingiber officinale, Allium cepa and Azadirachta indica were evaluated at 3 % concentration against eggs hatchability...
Hassnain1, Abdul Basit1*, Mehboob Alam1, Imran Ahmad1, Izhar Ullah1, Noor Alam2, Inayat Ullah3, Muhammad Areeb Khalid1, Muhammad Shair4 and Noor ul Ain1
...ondition at Ornamental Nursery, Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan, during 2018, using Completely Randomize Design (CRD) with two factors and repeated three times in a control (Glass house) environment. Different concentrations of chitosan (0, 50, 100,150 mg L-1) and various water stress intervals (3, 6, 9 and 12 days) were given to tomato plants f...
Awais Bin Shahid1, Moolchand Malhi1,*, Saeed Ahmed Soomro1, Muhammad Giasuddin Shah2, Nazeer Hussain Kalhoro3, Asmatullah Kaka4, Rajoo Mal1, Muhammad Awais Soomro1, Saba Parveen Samo1 and Muhammad Nawaz Sanjrani5
... number of cell layers in stratum germinativum in SY group compared to C. The glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity increased (P < 0.05) in ruminal epithelium of SY goats compared to C. The present study demonstrated an improvement in ruminal fermentation, and hyperplasia and enhanced GSH-Px activity in the ruminial epithelium of goats fed SY supplemented diet compared to control that were fed d...
Nazir Ahmad Khan1,*, Mudassir Alam1, Rafiullah khan1, Kamran Khan2 and Sadeeq ur Rahman3
... in broiler feed on bird’s performance, diet digestibility, nitrogen retention, meat amino acids profile and farm profitability. Grains of QPM200 and QPM300 hybrids, approved by Pakistan maize variety evaluation committee in January 2017, were provided by International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), Pakistan. The content of CP was higher in QPM300 (10.8% dry matter (DM)) and QPM200 (9.12% DM) than the CM (7.78% DM). Moreover, QPM200 and QPM...
Asima Rani1,*, Syed Kashif Nawaz2 and Muhammad Arshad3
...to determine the role of rs8177400 polymorphism in TIR-domain-containing-adaptor-protein gene in malaria susceptibility and clinical outcomes upon P. falciparum and P. vivax exposure. Blood samples of 228 malaria patients and 226 healthy controls were selected from the local population. Malarial samples were divided in to complicated malaria (N=89) and mild malaria (N=139) groups according to WHO criteria. Malarial groups were further divided int...
Ammara Blouch1, Ata ul Mohsin2, Muhammad Naeem2 and Rashid Mahmood1*
...h, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi to check the efficacy of commercial biopesticides under controlled environmental conditions. Bio pesticides are important alternates for chemical control of economically damaging insect pests like leaf worm, Spodoptera litura Fabricius. In this study, two commercial products including Dipel with Bt sub speciess kurstaki and Turex with Bt sub speciess ku...
Awais Ahmed Khan1*, Zafar Iqbal1 and Muhammad Atiq2
...vities of organic elicitors were evaluated and all the elicitors expressed significant results. Salicylic acid was the most effective to control the disease and showed minimum mycelial growth diameter (35mm) followed by benzoic acid (44mm), jasmonic acid (45.5), and ascorbic acid (50mm) as compared to control (92mm) treatment. Organic elicitors activated the defense system, by inducing the...
Shazia Akhtar1, Abdul Samad1*, Afshan Gohar1, Muhammad Munir Shahid2, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, Arslan Sarwer1, Adnan Khan1 and Karam Ahad1
...erviewing the peach growers in Swat, Malakand. The current survey described the knowledge, behavior, agricultural practices and pesticides toxicity symptoms among the field workers. Over all 72 orchards from 26 Union Councils were covered. Data was analyzed by using SPSS 21 and sample collection points were presented on map by using software Arc GIS. The response of interviewers was high w...
Noorullah Khan1*, Farrukh Siyar Hamid1, Fayaz Ahmad1, Sabaz Ali Khan2, Imtiaz Ahmed1, Muhammad Abbas Khan1, Shamsul Islam1, Abdul Waheed1, Basharat Hussain Shah1 and Hussain Shah3
... the highest number of first-order adventitious roots (NFARP) plant-1 (9.5), seedling survival rate (SSR) (51.7), and plant height (85.5 cm) were recorded in plants treated with 3000 ppm IBA. Contrarily the longest roots of 50.7 cm were observed with IBA concentration of 5000 ppm. Correlation analysis revealed that SSR % and growth of kiwi seedlings are strongly associated with NFARP as we found strong correlation (P<0.001) among NFARP, SSR% and plant heigh...
Fayyaz Hussain*, Raza Ullah Khan, Asim Hayat, Humair Ahmed and Ahmad Khan
...s were conducted on farmers field at two locations aimed at exploring the response of phosphorus (P) applied to rice at different growth stages.Phosphorus was applied in three interval i.e. at transplanting (0 DAT), 15 days after transplanting (15 DAT), and 25 days after transplanting (25 DAT), in addition to control (no P), and farmer fertilizer practice (FFP).Results show that mean paddy yield across both sites range from 2.972 to 4.334t ha-1, and maximum wi...
Huanxin Zhang1,2, Hongshuo Tang3, Jun Chen1, Yu Zang1,2, Xuexi Tang1,2,* and Ying Wang1,2,*
...e contributed to the understanding of the host defense processes against infection. Researches have been performed on the evolution in many species, but the evolutionary characteristics of African hunting dog TLR genes are scared. The available genome sequence of African hunting dog offers us the way to examine the innate immunity of this endangered carnivore. 10 TLR genes (TLR1-10) were initially identified from the African...
Hu Liu1,2, Qifang Yu1,2, Xiaopeng Tang1,2, Chengkun Fang1,2, Sijia Chen1,2 and Rejun Fang1,2,*
...ed intake, and feed conversion rate (P < 0.05), but no difference in egg quality and laying rate (P > 0.05); 2) there was significant difference in serum GSH-Px and MDA (P < 0.05). No difference in SOD, CAT and T-AOC (P >0.05). Compared with basal diets, adding selenium lead to increase serum GSH-Px and decrease MDA; 3) there was significant difference on egg selenium content after feeding different sources and levels of Se (P < 0.05). Compared ...
Mubasher Ahmad Malik1, Samina Jam Nazeer Ahmad2, Muhammad Jalal Arif1 and Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,*
...e and in integrated manners at LC20 and LC50 dose rates. The combination of 349.3 parts per million of AZA and 4.8×104 occlusion bodies per millimeter of PxGV, resulted in synergistic interaction after 3rd, 5th and 8th days post application while the additive effect was observed only after 1 day post-treatment. Moreover, combined application of PxGV and AZA at sub-lethal doses exhibited in...
Honghua Wang1,2, Summia Perveen1,2, Shucheng Shao1,2, Kun Wang1,2 and Fei Yin1,2,*
...nd provide a further understanding of cyst wall formation and mechanisms.
...
Detection and Phylogeny of Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) during Field Outbreaks in Broilers
Umm-i-Habiba1,*, Ayesha Maqbool2, Muhammad Safdar3, Nida Zia1, Altaf Mehmood4, Muhammad Usman5, Mehwish Sharif6, Amanullah Khan7 and Sajid Umar8
....
...
Bibi Nazia Murtaza1, Mazhar Saeed Chaudry2, Shamaila Inayat Nadeem1, Muhammad Shahid Nadeem3 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4,*
.... Binding of growth factors/ mitogen/cytokine or interleukin to EGFR leads to Ras induced RAF-MAPK cascade activation. PTEN protein is involved in the negative regulation of PI3K pathway. Mutations in upstream kinases, growth factor receptors or intrinsic members of cascades can lead to induce or promote cancers. Number of somatic mutations in several ge...
Kadry A. El-Bakry1, Lamiaa E.M. Deef1*, Lotfy Z. Habbak1 and Samia S. El-Naeli2
...dney tissues showed markers of improvement after treatment the patulin rats with ginger. In conclusion, treatment with ginger can protect liver and kidney form the toxicity induced by patuilin.
...
Muhammad Muneeb1, Muhammad Ayub1, Sher Bahadar Khan2,*, Amjad Sohail1, Farkhanda Jabeen1, Mumtaz Ali Khan3, Amjad Khan4, Kashif Prince3, Asghar Khan5 and Irshad Ahmad6
... in samples taken from Warsak Road (6.84) followed by Hashtnagri. High moisture content was observed in samples taken from Saddar Bazaar (51.70%) followed by Tehkal Region (50.94%) while the high Ash content was found in Charsadda Road (1.81%) samples followed by Hashtnagri (1.76%). The highest fat content was observed in samples taken from Chowk Yaadgar (17.92%) and maximum protein content was found in samples taken from Wa...
Hafrijal Syandri1*, Ainul Mardiah2, Azrita3 and Netti Aryani4
... physicochemical parameters of water were always at satisfactory levels for fish culture throughout the experiments except for NH3-N (0.05 mg/L) and NO2-N (0.02 mg/L): water temperatures ranged from 27.5 to 30.5 °C, DO 4.3 to 5.6 mg/L, pH 6.56 to 6.96, alkalinity 50.65 to 52.25 mg/L, and hardness 6.65 to 66.85 mg/L. Survival was high at 100.0% in synthetic sheet pond at 10, 15 and 20 fish/m3, respectively. Density signifi...
Sajida Rasool1, Saba Irshad1*, Neelam Saba1, Mehak Fiaz1, Muhammad Sajid Hussain2, MuhammadWajid Hussain3 and Peter Nürnberg2
...cally and clinically diverse neurodegenerative ailments with distinguishing feature of lower limbs spasticity and upper motor neuron degeneration. BICD2 is an adaptor protein which regulates the cellular trafficking of cargo molecules crucial for motor neuron growth and maturation. In present study, a Pakistani family of HSP penetrating in autosomal recessive pattern was ascertained. Patients presented spasticity and stiffness of upper and lower limbs, severe ...
Muhammad Sohail1*, Imtiaz Hussain2, Maqsood Qamar2, Sikander Khan Tanveer2, Syed Haider Abbas2, Zeshan Ali1 and Muhammad Imtiaz3
...heat yield limiting factors in rainfed environment, especially during reproductive growth stages. However, variability might exist among wheat genotypes in response to stressful conditions. The objective of the study was to test the climatic adaptability potential of the wheat genotypes using canopy temperature measurement as physiological indicator. The trial was comprised of forty spring wheat genotypes which were sown on normal and late planting dates to cr...
Muhammad Akbar Ali Shah1, Gamze Özel2, Christophe Chesneau3, Muhammad Mohsin4, Farrukh Jamal5* and Muhammad Faheem Bhatti6
...the period of last 10 years (2005-2014) containing 516 cases and 14,964 observations. Two different multiple linear regression (MLR) models are applied to study the relationship between the yield of rice (dependent variable) and the various factors (independent variables) which are affecting the rice crop production. The Model I is based on monthly average temperature and humidity during crop period and Model II is based on ...
Ghulam Murtaza1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Fakhar Mujeeb2, Sher Muhammad3, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Ayesha Zafar1
... regarding plant parameters such as height of sorghum plants, diameter of stem, number of plants/ m2, total biomass of fresh plants were noted. Among all the treatments, T7 (T1 + organic matter @ 10 Mg ha-1) performed the best which produced the highest values of growth parameters. However, the treatment T3 (water of EC 3.0 dS m-1) proved inferior to all others with respect to height of so...
Muhammad Sohail Memon1*, Khadim Ullah1, Altaf Ali Siyal1,2, Naimatullah Leghari1, Ahmed Ali Tagar1, Khalil Ahmed Ibupoto1, Syed Tahir Ata-ul-karim3, Muhammad Tahir4 and Noreena Memon1
...rd to the top (upper layers) and concentrated at the center of the ridge for treatments T2 and T3 but leached down from the furrow bottom. Whereas, the simulations carried out by HYDRUS-2D model showed that with increasing size of raised bed, the center of the raised bed did not get the required quantity of water, hence remained unsaturated. Moreover, the highest crop yield and water productivity were recorded 8,748 kg/ha and 3.74 kg/cm3 respectively under T2 ...
Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz*, Khalil Ahmed, Ghulam Qadir, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Faisal Nawaz and Muhammad Sarfraz
... all the studied parameters were significantly improved with nitrogen application @ 80 and 100 kg ha-1 in ridge sowing. However, 80 kg N ha-1 in ridge sowing documented maximum economic benefit as compared to other treatments and is suggested as most cost-effective technique for turnip production under moderately salt-affected soils. ...
Basharat Hussain Shah*, Farrukh Siyar Hamid, Shams ul Islam, Naveed Ahmed, Fayaz Ahmad, Noorullah Khan and Qamar uz Zaman.
...of Genetics, Hazara University Mansehra Pakistan were evaluated along with check variety Swat-1 for yield and yield components. Experiment was conducted at National Tea and High Value Crops Research Institute (NTHRI), Shinkiari Mansehra during the rice growing season of 2017. Data were recorded on various growth parameters like plant height, tillers per plant, stem diameter, flag leaf leng...
Qaisar Mehmood1*, Maqbool Hussain Sial1, Saira Sharif1, Abid Hussain2, Muhammad Riaz3 and Nargis Shaheen4
...eries, using Box-Jenkins’s (1976) methodology. Secondary data, “50 years of Pakistan: volume-iii (1947-1997)” published by Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (PBS) and World Development Indicators World Bank (2016) from the year 1947- 2016 was used. After comparing all possible ARIMA model diagnostically, ARIMA (2, 1, 3) is the most parsimon...
Saleha Ashfaq1, Manzoor Hussain1, Nazish Bibi2, Jan Alam1, Muhammad Junaid2 and Sabi-Ur-Rehman3*
...tract using brine shrimp’s lethality assay. All the extracts showed significant biological activity against Gram positive, Gram negative bacteria and selected fungal strains. Acetone, chloroform and methanolic extracts showed maximum activity i-e 39mm, 44mm and 35mm followed by ethyl acetate 27mm and n-hexane 26mm against microorganisms studied. Standard antibiotics were used as a positive control for bacteria and fungi respectively. The cytotoxic assay ...
Muhammad Asim1*, Asghari Bano2, Sikander Khan Tanveer3 and Muhammad Umair Aslam4
...and crop management factors. In this study, we elaborated the role of these factors, in rainfed agro-ecology, using data of six genotypes, grown in four sowing windows over six years. The rainfed wheat productivity is predominantly determined by environmental conditions, particularly rainfall induced moisture availability. Hence, the best match between sowing time and the environment preva...
Ibrahim Tapki1*, Huseyin Bahadir Ozalpaydin2, Nuran Tapki3, Mehmet Aslan4 and Muhammet Hanifi Selvi1
... improving blood parameters and general health status of Holstein Friesian calves. Twenty-eight Holstein Friesian calves were allocated into three groups: (a) Control calves were fed with whole milk (n=10), (b) OreganoLow (n=9), and (c) OreganoHigh (n=9) calves were fed with whole milk, plus 100 and 150 mg/l oregano essential oil per kg milk respectively. The amount of the milk offered on daily basis was calculated as 10% of each calf live weight and was given...
Nihat Tekel1, Ilkay Baritci1, Halit Deniz Sireli1, Muhittin Tutkun1, Ecevit Eyduran2 and Mohammad Masood Tariq3,*
...n;0.019 kg and feed conversion ratio were 4.79. The average final live weight, cold carcass weight, dressing percentage, leg ratio, foreleg ratio, tail ratio and cooling loss of lambs were found as 33.62±0.968 kg, 14.91±0.627 kg, 44.67±0.008%, 33.76±0.326%, 18.94±0.468%, 4.98±0.467% and 4.99±0.135%, respectively. In conclusion, the present results indicated that daily live weight gain, feed efficiency and valuab...
Sameh S. Tawfik, Ahmed A. Elkady* and Ehab T. Mohamed
...lomeruli, widened Bowman’s space and thickened basement membrane, while in TSE-treated and irradiated-group, renal-tissues showed minimum-damage with or without few degenerative changes. TSE acts as a potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory drug to prevent and/ or ameliorates the hazardous-effects of γ-rays
...
Nurlybay Kazhgaliyev1*, Talgat Kulmagambetov2, Dulat Ibrayev1, Saule Bostanova1 and Zhanat Titanov1
...otechnic methods, daughters of imported Aberdeen Angus and Hereford cows were grouped at the age of 18-19 months with a live weight of no less than 350 kg. Groups were constituted using the analogue-pairs method and consisted of 30 cattle/group. Observations during the present study showed that the average live weight of Hereford heifers of the second generation at the age 18-22 months was...
Bamigboye Olutoyin Omolara1, Fapohunda Funmilayo Omotoyosi1, Oladipo Elijah Kolawole1,2, Oni Mattthew Olujenyo1, Ajibade Oluwatosin Akinola1, Kaka Mary Oluwatosin1*
...ence of serological markers of HBV based on serological markers among infected individuals with HIV. Ninety-three sera samples of HIV positive individuals were collected by Ladoke Akintola University of Technology (LAUTECH) Teaching Hospital- HIV/AIDS Supporting and Counselling Unit, Ogbomoso. The collected samples were analyzed for enumeration of CD4+ cells and presence of HBV. The select...
Muhammad Rehan3, Asim Aslam3, Javeria Umber4, Muti-ur-Rehman Khan3, Waqar Azeem3, Hassan Aftab5, Ahsan Anjum3, Muhammad Abid6, Abdul Hameed Khan3, Hafiz Hasnain Ayoub5, Altaf Hussain2 and Muhammad Farooq Khalid1*
...ibiting vitamin D receptors and CYP27B1 which is capable of converting inactive form vitamin D into biologically active form 1,25(OH)2D3, that important for maintaining immune homeostasis. These findings lead to more studies on the non-classical effects of vitamin D especially on immune responses. Vitamin D receptor (VDR) regulated transcription depends on co-modulators, which act in a cell specific manner. Also, increasing ...
Monica Paula Marin1, Elena Narcisa Pogurschi1*, Iuliana Marin2 and Carmen Georgeta Nicolae1
...selection done by consumers. The natural, less expensive methods for improving the milk quality are the most studied by farmers and researches. Clinoptilolite, natural zeolite added to dairy cows diets, has been proven to be an efficient and economic solution. Starting from the fact that natural zeolites are recognized as having beneficial effects on the animal organism, being detoxifiers,...
Doulat Khan1, Hamayun Khan1, Nazir Ahmad2, Muhammad Tarique Tunio3, Muhammad Tahir2, Muhammad Saleem Khan2 and Rifat Ullah Khan1*
...cattle (Achai, Achai x Jersey, Holstein Friesian and Jersey), buffalo (Nilli Ravi, Aza Kheli and non-descript), goats (Beetal, Teddy and non-descript) and sheep (Bulkhi, Karri and non-descript). In cattle, the average sensitivity, specificity, false pregnancy prognostic value, false non-pregnancy prognostic value and accuracy of the PAG-ELISA test were 86.77%, 66.67%, 86.77%, 100% and 90%, respectively. Similarly, the curren...
Farheen Shafique1, Shaukat Ali2,*, Saiqa Andleeb1, Abdul Rauf1,3, Syed Ayaz Kazmi1,3, Sadia Idrees4, Faisal Farooq1,3, Faiq Nawaz Khan3,4, Muhammad Saad-ul-Hassan1,3, Raja Awais Mumtaz1,3, Saba Khalid1, Zaheem Ashraf1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir2 and Fazal-ur-Rehman5
...g to WHO. Many risk factors are involved in the transmission of theses deadly viral infections but blood transfusion in Beta thalassemic patients is working with two faces, one as remedy and the other is key risk factor in the spread of silent killers. Thalassemia patients registered in Combine Military Hospital (CMH) Rawalakot and Sheikh Khalifa Bin Zayed Al-Nahyan Hospital, Muzaffarabad Azad Jammu and Kashmir Pakistan were...
Ahsan Anjum1, Asim Aslam1, Raheela Akhtar1, Tahir Yaqub2, Muti-ur-Rehman Khan1, Rizwana Sultan3, Saba Usman1, Aneela Zameer Durrani4 and Muhammad Usman4*
...as carried out in abattoirs of Lahore, Kasur and Jhang districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Different tissue samples were collected from 560 cattle showing respiratory signs at slaughter. Lung samples were used for detection of CBPP through PCR targeting 16S ribosomal RNA. Furthermore, lungs, liver, kidney and lymph node were collected for histopathological examination. Of the 560 samples, 49 (8.25%) were found positive for CBPP. Maximum pathological lesions (50-75%...
Imdad Ullah Khan1, Shehla Gull Bokhari2, Mumtaz Ali Khan3, Ikramul Haq3*and Naimat Ullah Khan4
...mal Sciences, Gomal University. History reported abdominal pain and straining with unsuccessful attempts to defecate. Clinical examination revealed absence of the anal orifice, lack of a bulge sign at the anal site and dribbling of urine from the umbilicus.The case was diagnosed as atresia aniet recti with a patent urachus. After sedation, the blind terminal intestinal pouch was retracted through a caudal ventral midline laparotomy, incised to evacuate themeco...
Abdul Samad1, Raheela Asmat2, Muhammad Naeem1, Hamida Ali3, Mohammad Zahid Mustafa1, Ferhat Abbas1, Jannat Raza1,3 and Muhammad Tauseef Asmat1*
...d as the pivotal reservoirs for Listeria monocytogenes and its subsequent transmission to food chain, plant material and animals. In present study, 800 food samples consisting of beef and chicken meat, milk, salads and fresh vegetables were collected from retail markets of Quetta, Pakistan. Multiplex PCR was employed to identify the prevalent species and genes associated with virulence. Only 10 (1.25%) samples were found contaminated with Listeria mo...
Jun Zhang, Kui Zhang, Zuozhi Chen*, Yane Jiang, Yancong Cai, Yuyan Gong and Wenming Yu
...ght relationship parameters of dominant coral reef fish species in the South China Sea. The specimes were collected by hand-line in the lagoons of five representative coral reefs during June 2013 to September 2018. According to FishBase, this study provides first report on LWR of six studied species and practically available parameters on LWR for three species. The estimated b value...
Shahzad Khan1*, Inayatullah Jan1 and Syed Fahad Shah2
... villages of District Charsadda Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, were purposely selected for the study. A total of 30 respondents were interviewed with the help of a pre-tested questionnaire. The findings of the study reveal that skillful and experienced tenants were given preference by the landlord. But due to non-availability of extension department and its trainings, illiterate and untrained tenants are involved in agricultural practices. The physical inputs a...
Muhammad Bakhtiar Khan1 and Jangraiz Khan2*
...een adopted by many farmers. However, growing off-season vegetables in tunnels entails added efforts and cost. Through this research study the economic analysis of Tunnel farming of off-season vegetables has been done for district Peshawar. Primary data was collected from eighty-four farmers who had grown off-season vegetables through tunnel-farming, and seasonal vegetables without tunnel and their productivity were compared...
Yanyan Yu1,2,3, Yizhong Hu1, Qipeng Zhang1, Rongquan Zheng1,4,*, Bing Shen1, Shenshen Kong1 and Ke Li1
...fferent acoustic parameters. Our studies have shown Q. spinosa may have female mating preferences and possible variations in calls at five reproductive stages (from April to September). Correlations were established between certain call properties, i.e., pulse rate was positively correlated with fundamental frequency (r=0.151, P<0.01) and negatively correlated with dominant frequency (r=-0.141, P<0.01). The females frog had the short...
Haroon1,2, Yu-Feng Meng1, Zahid Khan1, Farzana Perveen2, Muhammad Ather Rafi3, Sayed Waqar Shah4, Xiao-Hong Su1 and Lianxi Xing1,*
...
During study biodiversity of butterflies is explored in Tangi, Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A total of 506 specimens collected out of which 252/506 were belonging to family Nymphalidae, 217/506 from family Pieridae, family Papilionidae represented only 37/506 individuals. With their abundance Danauas chrysippus (F130, F314 and D3 24.11), followed by Junonia orytha (F121, F310 and D3 11.86), whi...
Anand Kushwaha, Amit Kumar, Aparna Madhavan, Durga Goswami, Golmei Poulinlu and Gnanavel Venkatesan*
...suming task for researchers. Nevertheless, identification of candidate gene(s) using advanced bioinformatic tools will ease the process and can select the suitable protein(s) to use in the development of specific and sensitive diagnostic assays and also effective vaccine candidates which are vital elements in control and eradication of any infectious disease from an endemic country. In this review, we describe different structures of mature pox virion with ref...
Majid Khan, Naveed Jehan*, Muhammad Zahoor and Nadia Naz
...2016 in Tehsil Tangi, Charsadda District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The aim was to analyse the poverty status of the Virginia Tobacco growers in the study area with Poverty Gap Index (PGI) method. The primary data was collected through structured questionnaire from 159 farmers. Monthly farmers’ income was calculated fr...
Ajmalud Din1*, Munir Ahmad2, Fahad Masoud Watto2, Sheraz Ahmed1, Imtiaz Ali1 and Muhammad Kausar Nawaz Shah2
...y was carried out to understand the effect of drought stress on growth and development, and to identify drought tolerant wheat genotypes. Thirty wheat genotypes of diverse genetic makeup were assessed in transparent polythene bags (6 × 27 inches), and filled them with sterile, homogenized mixture of loam, sand and compost soil. Two factorial Completely Randomized Design was followed with three replications and two trea...
Kalpana Polisetty1* and Kiran Kumar Paidipati2
..., gives good health, covers food security, etc. All the researchers are very much enthusiastic to know the growth and decline rates of trends in wheat production because of its high benefits. The main objectives of this study are to examine the change point and trend analysis for wheat production on the basis of time and spatial scale of major wheat producing states of India. This study has considered various prominent non-p...
Tariq Mahmood Khalil1,2*, Muhammad Ajmal2, Taj Ali Khan2, Zia Ul Haq2, Muhammad Shahzad Khattak2 and Abdul Malik2
...irrigation system, emitters are the key system components. The hydraulic performance of these drip emitters may affect the efficiency of irrigation schemes if not conforming to specified standards. The main objective of this study was to investigate the hydraulic characteristics including average flow rate, emitter exponent, distribution uniformity, emitter discharge coefficient of variation, and statistical uniformity of lo...
Muhammad Ramiz Murtaza1, Tahir Mehmood2*, Aziz Ahmad2 and Uzma Arshad Mughal3
... determined various factors that affect mango production in Muzaffar Garh. Simple random sampling technique was used to select 110 mango growers from 4 union councils of tehsil Ali Pur. To scrutinize the data double log model was renovated from Cobb-Dougles production function. Results showed that Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) with and without intercropping was 1.72 and 2.48 respectively. Nearly 64 percent of the facto
Asif Yaseen1, Muhammad Israr2*, Allah Bux Khan1, Ahsan Javed3, Nafees Ahmad4 and Zia Ullah5
...s research is twofold. First, analyzing smallholder famers’ selection of high value marketing channels to boost self-sufficiency in the Pakistani Citrus industry, and second, to identify the issues of greater importance pertaining to famers’ selection of high value market channels in the Pakistani citrus in...
Saleem Ashraf1, Raheel Saqib2*, Zakaria Yousuf Hassan3, Muhammad Luqman4 and Abdur Rehman5
...oliciting intermediaries’ role in the citrus marketing process. Total 120 randomly selected citrus growers were interviewed face to face and collected data were analysed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Findings affirmed that middleman, processing factories and friends/relatives were the foremost intermediaries in citrus marketing. Majority of growers (94.16%) preferred...
Rakhshanda Kousar1, Muhammad Sohail Amjad Makhdum2, Raza Ullah1, Aqeela Saghir3, Sohaib Usman3* and Tahira Sadaf1
... collected from 120 farmers of rural area of Faisalabad. This study calculated the extent of land fragmentation by using Simpson index. Production function was employed to estimate the impact of land fragmentation on the crop productivity. The results suggested that higher the land fragmentation of the farms, negative is the impact on the productivity. The findings of the study have important implication for formulating of efficient land use policy. ...
Gulfam Hassan1*, Ijaz Ashraf2, Muhammad Qavi Irshad3, Shafiq-ur-Rehman Zia2 and Muhammad Idrees4
...63 and 74% in vegetables’ area and production, respectively. Peri-urban vegetable production is gaining importance in all over the world as it helps the farmers to access inputs and market outputs easily. Lack of sufficient training and low technical efficiency are some common barriers in low productivity of vegetables in Pakistan. This study assesses strengths and weaknesses of trai...
Yousaf Ali1, Muhammad Zamin1*, Ibadullah Jan1, Shahen Shah2, Muhammad Mazhar Hussain3, Fazli Rabbi4 and Muhammad Amin5
...ll the agronomic characters providing maximum shoot height (34.07cm), lengthiest root (47.87 cm), maximum number of leaves (6.42) and the highest stem diameter (1.24 cm ). Similarly, there was significant effect of compost on various parameters such as the tallest shoots (42.07 cm), maximum number of leaves (8), wider stem diameter (1.33 cm) and maximum root length (52.41 cm) were produced at the planting medium of compost. ...
Hamoudi Naoual1, Alloui Nadir2*, Barberis Abdelhak2 and Boudaoud Amine2
...mary reservoir and the first source of the avian influenza virus (AIV) introduction. In 2016, following the first official detection of the H9N2 subtype circulation in broiler flocks in Eastern Algeria, a preliminary descriptive study is conducted to identify and enumerate in wetland areas, migratory bird species, known to carry the AIV. The Anatidae population peaked in January 2017 with a total of 8064 birds. The 6 frequen...
Muhammad Usman* and Sajjad Ahmad
... are described for the first time from Pakistan. Morphological description is provided and elucidated with digital images. ...
Nosheen Noor Elahi1, Muhammad Shafique1, Muhammad Imtiaz2, Umer Farooq3* and Muhammad Rashid1
...ed. Number of pods, flowers and fresh weight of pods were not affected at salinity levels of 0-50mM and decreased at 100 mM NaCI in all the four varieties. In varieties CM91 and CM2000 nodules were formed at all levels of salinity treatments, while in varieties CM44 and CM98 nodules were formed at salinity levels of 0-50 mM NaCl and completely inhibited at 100mM NaCl. The total protein and nitrogen contents increased with concurrent increasing levels of NaCI. ...
Faisal Azeem Abbassi1, Atta Ullah2, Muhammad Saim Hashmi1, Khadim Hussain1* and Nasim Akhter1
...ategy (29% of households’ main source of income) in the district. Apart from this, livelihood strategies are fairly diverse in different tehsils (sub-divisions) of the district. Results of Multinomial Logit Model demonstrate that human capital has the strongest positive role to enable households to enter into more rewarding livelihood strategies. Study recommends to take appropriate steps to reduce pressure on natural ...
Peng Ren1, Xian-Qing Liu1, Chao-Wu Yang2,3, Hua-Rui Du2,3, Xiao-Song Jiang2,3 and Yi-Ping Liu1*
...ltry industry. As a universal innate immune gene, Myeloid differentiation primary response gene 88 (MyD88) can activate the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) pathway and regulate downstream gene expression. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the coding regions (CDS) of the MyD88 gene have also been reported to be associated with inter-subject differences in responses to Salmonella Pullorum infection in chickens. However, ...
Tanveer Ahmad1, Tariq Mehmood1, Muhammad Shahid1, Adnan Ahmad1,2, Muhammad Asim Raza Basra1, Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman3* and Munawar Ali Munawar1
...clamide after 2 and 5 hours of oral administration respectively. Present results showed that these compounds might be excellent addition in the drugs used to suppress the higher level of blood glucose level in diabetes mellitus.
...
Muhammad Asif Gondal, Qazal Waheed, Sana Tariq, Waseem Haider, Aisha Khan, Qudsia Rasib and Haroon Ahmed*
...ical attributes like diversity, species richness and equitability of freshwater gastropods are important due to various reasons like intermediate hosts for many trematodes and bio-indicator. Snails are cosmopolitan in distribution and diversity of habitat to perform ecological performance is abosolute. The freshwater malacological information is sparse within Pakistan specifically in the f...
Chuntao Li1, Hua Liu2, Jianqing Zhang1*, Jiaqiang Zhang1, Luming Dai1, Zhihuan Zhao1,Lizhou Fang1, Ling Liu1, Jingkui Shu1 and Jiagang Feng1
... in COPD vs healthy smokers, for quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR). A total of 3,359 lncRNAs revealed by microarray analysishave been differentially expressed between the two groups, 1,995 lncRNAs identified to be up-regulated in COPD, whereas 1,364 lncRNAs have been down-regulated. Meanwhile,a total of 3,283 mRNAs have been differentially expressed, 2,589 mRNAs identified to be up-regulated in COPD, whereas 6...
Dilara Abbas Bukhari*, Mehwish Faheem, Shamoona Arshad and Khalid P. Lone
...out. Biochemical parameters e.g., lipid peroxidation (LPO), catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), reduced glutathione (GSH) were determined to evaluate oxidative stress while urea and creatinine, was used to evaluate kidney function. It was found that there was an increase in weight (p<0.05) of both males and female mice fed with diet containing ghee. Kidney LPO and CAT were significantly increased in both male and female mice. GSH level showed d...
Saara Ahmad1,*, Iftikhar Ahmed2, Saida Haider3, Zehra Batool4, Laraib Liaquat3, Fatima Ahmed5, Asra Khan1, Tahira Perveen3, Mirza Jawad ul Hasnain6, Saima Khaliq7 and Saad Bilal Ahmed8
Bhandari Jyoti1,2, Yasen Shali3, Zhang Zehua4, Yao Xiaoho5, Deng Jiang3, Zhang Yaling5, Wang Cuiling5, Li Yang5, Lei Xueping5, Wang Wenfeng5, Mohammad Farooque Hassan6 and Li Can1,*
...r spreading, a clear understanding on the species traits is necessary. In this study, the population dynamics, life history and spatial distribution pattern of L. m. tibetensis Chen were explored on meadow and farmland of the Tibetan plateau during 2012. The first objective of this study was to investigate the population dynamic and life history of this pest on their outbreak sites. The second objective was to analyze...
Ramazan İlgün1*, Nilgün Kuru2, Ferhan Bölükbaş3 and Fatih Mehmet Gür4
...nd radix sections. The dorsal and ventral surfaces of the tongue were covered by a keratinised stratified squamous epithelium. Lamina propria and submucosal layers were distinguishable underneath the epitelium. SEM observations of surface of the radix linguae revealed conical papillae and tongue caudally directed lingual papillae. Thus, in this study, the anatomy and histology of the tongue of the guinea fowl tongue were exa...
Gasem Mohammad Abu-Taweel
...oride on mice offsprings’ social behavior, neuromuscular coordination, motor activity, blood parameters and liver structure alterations. On the first day of pregnancy, 30 pregnant mice were equally divided into three groups. Tap water was provided to the control group (Group I). Group II and Group III animals were orally received 5 and 10 ppm of HgCl2.The treatment started...
Elmas Ulutaş1,*, Abdullah Eryavuz2, Aziz Bülbül2, Abdur Rahman3,*, İsmail Küçükkurt4 and Cangir Uyarlar5
...mentation, blood parameters, live weight and oxidative status in goats. In this study, twenty four male Angora goats each of 12 months of age, and weighing approximately 35 kg were divided into four groups as: control group (C) fed with basal diet containing 31.76 ppm Zn, experimental group 1 fed with basal diet supplemented with 500 ppm Zn, experimental group 2 fed with basal diet supplemented with 750 ppm Zn and experimental group 3 fed with basal diet suppl...
Peng Peng1,3, Xiaopeng Tang2*, Dun Deng3, and Rejun Fang1*
...ce in meat duck diets. Firstly, the chemical composition, dry matter (DM) digestibility, metabolic energy (ME) were determined. Secondly, a total of four hundred eighty 15-day-old Shuanggui-tou meat ducks were divided into 4 treatments, 1) Control group (0% GM in the diet), 2) 3% GM group (3% GM in the diet), 3) 6% GM group (6% GM in the diet), and 4) 9% GM group (9% GM in the diet). All groups had 8 replicates and 15 birds were included in each replicate...
Dilawar Khan1*, Arif Ullah2, Zainab Bibi1, Ihsan Ullah1, Muhammad Zulfiqar4 and Zafir Ullah Khan3
...ng improved guava cultivars, improved system of irrigation and adequate cultural practices. Strategy should be adopted to bring more barren land under guava cultivation. This would help to increase guava production in future. ...
Malak Atiq Ullah Khan1*, Fida Mohammad2, Fahim Ullah Khan3, Sheraz Ahmad2, Mian Ahmad Raza1 and Tariq Kamal1
...give an insight to breeders for developing relatively stable wheat cultivars. A multi-environment trial (MET) was conducted to assess the pattern of genotype by environment interaction (GEI) effects on yield using multiple stability models viz. Additive Main effect and Multiplicative Interaction (AMMI), GGE biplot analysis and stability parameters. Eighty-one wheat genotypes were evaluated...
Saba1, Shahnaz Akhtar1, Waqar Khalid2* and Saifullah Khan3
...ices and to explore factors determining their engagement in district Swabi, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A multi-stage sampling approach was adopted to choose a random sample of 110 women farmers from the union council of village Shewa, and a well-structured questionnaire was designed to accumulate the primary dataset from rural women through face to face interviews. A women’s parti...
Iqbal Javed1, Abdur Rehman2*, Farhana Khaliq1, Amar Razzaq3, Mudassar Yasin4, Ghulam Mustafa5, Allah Bakhsh6 and Raheel Saqib7
...t is used following Park’s Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS). According to the results of the study about the impact of macroeconomic variable on basmati competitiveness, inflation has negative and significant effect on export competitiveness of Pakistani basmati. Inflation in trading partner has positive and significant effect on basmati export competitiveness of Pakistan. Exchange rate of Pakistan is negatively affecting the basmati export but e...
Mohammad Aquil Siddiqui1*, Muhammad Tahir Khan1, Ghulam Shah Nizamani1, Shafquat Yasmeen1, Imtiaz Ahmed Khan1, Abdullah Khatri1 and Nighat Seema Soomro2
...f the crop, after two years of evaluation, indicated the earliest maturity in the mutant AEL-40/30 (92.0 days). Plant height was observed to be low in all the studied mutant lines (AEL-40/30, AEL-13/30 and AEL-12/30) against the parent and the control varieties. Important yield contributing traits like number of branches plant-1, seeds pod-1 and 1000 seed weight were also seen to be highest in the mutant AEL-40/30 (3.95, 1.91 and 29.11 (g), respectively). More...
Nihat Yeşilayer*
...our demand of the consumers. This study showed that SalmoFan CardTM scores could be practical and reliable tool for Salmonid farms as compared to other methods.
...
Nadeem Munawar1,2*, Tariq Mahmood2, Paula Rivadeneira1, Ali Akhter2 and Saqib Mehmood2
... crop season, local farmers in the Pothwar agro-ecosystem in Pakistan do not manage wild vegetation on the field edges, and that may impact rodent populations near their fields. This study was conducted to examine the effect of adjacent non-crop vegetation on rodent populations in the Pothwar agro-ecosystem in Pakistan. Over 14 months, vegetation analysis was conducted using the quadrate method to record the vegetation around rodents&r...
Hong-mei Gao, Wen-long Su, Gui-bin Tao, Han-yang Li, Wen-zheng Cao and Zhi-dong Qiu*
...re other regulatory factors, including molecules interact with cells, chemical, irradiation, it’s in the bone marrow (BM).Most chemotherapy drugs are toxic to cancer cells and normal healthy hematopoietic cells. Hemoglobin and red blood cell levels drop in cancer patients treated with chemotherapy. Geniposide can reduce the adverse radiation damage of bloosd tissue after high dose ir...
Muhammad Ilyas1, Sardar Ali Khan1, Shahid Iqbal Awan1, Shafiq-ur-Rehman1, Waqar Ahmed1, Muhammad Riaz Khan2, Raja Mohib Muazzam Naz2, Muhammad Mohib Ullah Khan3 and Sumaira Hafeez1*
...oad range of genetic diversity was shown by the inbred lines and displayed different levels of drought tolerance. Four inbred lines were selected i.e., VDR-51, DR3-126, DR-37 and 5CDR-53. Crosses were attempted between the selected inbred lines. Six generations as P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1 and BC2 were prepared for both the crosses for the estimation of gene action under generation mean analysis and planted in a triplicated Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) un...
Tanweer Ahmed1*, Kashif Saeed Khan1, Zilakat Khan Malik1, Fazal Wahid1 and Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal2
...conomic growth. Pakistan’ economic growth rate fluctuated from 1972 to 2014. During this period for some years, the economic growth was high while it slowed down in some years. The study utilised Annual time series data from 1972 to 2014. Empirical evidence suggests that public spending has a significant positive influence on economic growth. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) has been us...
Tian-Yi Zhao1, Zi-Qing Liu2, Shu-Fei Ma3, Bo-Yang1, Fan-Fan Guo1 and Ming-Hua Duan1*
...and protecting Alzheimer’s disease (AD) remained elusive. This study was conducted to observe the effect of biatractylolide on the pathological changes of amyloid beta protein (Aβ)-induced AD. In vitro assays (MTT and flow cytometry) were applied to detect the effect of biatractylolide on PC12 cell proliferation, growth inhibition rate and apoptosis. In order to assess the spatial learning and memory abilities of AD rats, Morris water maze model was...
Su-Hu Duan, Liu-An Li*, Zai-Qiang Li, Meng-Ran Qin, Zhen-Zhen Fan, Qian Wang, Ke-Yan Zhang, Zhong-Mou Zhang, Bai-Liang Yang and Tian-Ming Jin
...cal reference for customers for selection of eggs.
...
Abdüssamet Aydın1 and Ş. Canan Bölükbaşı2*
...xty Lohman LSL white layers, 40 weeks of age, kept in individual cages were assigned randomly to five treatment groups, each group included 12 hens. The hens received one of five diets with 0, 32.5, 65 or 130 mg/kg pennyroyal extract and 50 mg/kg BHA, respectively. Experiment lasted for 60 days. At the end of the experiment, the supplementation of pennyroyal extract did not affect feed intake, rates of albumen, yolk and shell of egg, shell tickness, spesific g...
Mingsan Miao*, Hui Zhao, Jiaojiao Jia, Xiaoyan Fang and Yanyan Miao
...d brain biochemical factors in the cerebral ischemia-reperfusion mice model and to assess the protection mechanism of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. The repeated cerebral ischemia-reperfusion mice model was used where bilateral common carotid artery was targeted to block blood flow, reperfusion and then re-blocking the arteries. Brain tissues were examined 24 hours post-drug administration to determine the level of bi...
Chen Shi, Jianlong Zhang and Guanghui Teng*
...t for monitoring and understanding the pig growth at different stages effectively. In this study, the experiment adopted a management and data acquisition system based on LabVIEW, which automatically acquired and recorded the body measurements and body weights of 30 pigs during 90-day grower-finisher stage. Three body ratios between two each body measurements showed that the body length and width were the major parts of growth and development of pigs during 70...
Guoan Yin1,2, Lei Wang1, Xiaoyu Zhao1, LangchaoYu1, Liwei Guan1 and
Dapeng Huang1,2*
...crates can encourage sow’s sitting behaviour during the first week of postpartum (P=0.032), farrowing crates could increase sow’s lateral lying during 1-4 weeks of postpartum (P=0.001), while the sows reared in farrowing pens performed more ventral lying and standing than farrowing crates (P=0.002; P=0.001, respectively). The restricted pregnancy environments could increase sit...
Masaud Khan1*, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Shahab Ahmad2, Asad Ali3, Numan Khan3 and Muhammad Adnan Fahad4
...ation water demand, growers use surface and ground water resources. These resources are in decline. Realizing the importance of water and fertilizer, tomato yield under deficit irrigation regimes, and different Nitrogen (N) levels were studied during 2015 and 2016 at the research farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan, using factorial arrangement of randomized complete block design (RCBD). These facto
Muhammad Ilyas1*, Sardar Ali Khan1, Shahid Iqbal Awan1, Shafiq-ur-Rehman1, Muhammad Riaz Khan2 and Sumaira Hafeez1
Mudassar Rashid1, Zuhair Husnain2, Usman Shakoor1* and Muhammad Iftikhar ul Husnain1
...f the most affected sectors by climate change. Climatic factors that have direct influence on agricultural productivity are: rise in temperature, heavy rainfall, precipitation, floods and drought etc. This paper has empirically examined the effect of climatic variations on cotton productivity in Pakistan. In order to evaluate the climate change, three climatic variables (rainfall, max. temp and min temp) and three non-climat...
Haidar Ali1*, Malik Muhammad Shafi1, Himayatullah Khan1 and Hamra Haidar2
...s showed that small farmers of developed villages perform more off-farm employment than small farmers of underdeveloped villages. This could be associated to the developed means of transport and communications, better education facilities, market facilities as well as availability of off-farm jobs locally. Furthermore, in developed villages average per month income of small farm households from farm output was higher than th...
Sanaullah1*, Urooba Pervaiz1, Shahid Ali2, Mohammad Fayaz2 and Aftab Khan2
...om extension specialists’ visits and with the adoption of recommended farming practices. It is established that improved farming practices have significant influence on yield. The study recommends transfer of technical and timely information to the farming community and organizing local trainings and learning workshops. It is recommended that farm inputs i.e. fertilizers, seed and pesticides needs to be subsidized to e...
Irfan Shahzad Sheikh, Masroor Ahmad Bajwa, Nadeem Rashid, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa, Mohammad Masood Tariq*, Majed Rafeeq, Abdul Samad, Tauseef M Asmat and Asad Ullah
...luence of immune modulators on the immune competence of broiler chickens. In three experiments (n=240 chicks in each), the immune modulators vitamin C (500 mg/l), vitamin E (200 mg/l), dietary nucleotides (100 mg/l) and DNA (100 mg/l) extracted from chicken liver were separately offered on days 1-21, 1-42 and 22-42 in experiments 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Under standard broiler management conditions, birds were divided into ...
Sana Aslam1, Wayne Thomas Shier2 and Imran Sajid1*
... the actinobacterial diversity of the saline lake, situated in the salt range, Punjab, Pakistan and to screen them for antagonistic activities against multi drug resistant pathogens and to characterize the bioactive metabolites produced by them. A total of seventy strains of actinomycetes were isolated from lake samples, out of them only forty bioactive strains were selected for further characterization on the basis of their preliminary antimicrobial activitie...
Sevil Demirci*, Aydın Demirci and Emrah Şimşek
...ssepsian migrant Randall’s threadfin bream, Nemipterus randalli (Russell, 1986). A total of 587 samples were collected from the eastern Mediterranean coast of Turkey between February 2012 and January 2013. Total length and total weight ranged from 7.7 to 21.0 cm and from 6.90 and 150.99 g, respectively. Length-weight relationship parameters were calculated for all individuals as a= 0.0106 and b= 3.09
Muhammad Faheem Akbar1,*, Muhammad Abdul Haq2, Imtiaz Ahmad1, Vasileva Viliana3 and Amjad Sultan1
.../div>...
Stanley Uchenna Onwudike* and Vivian Chizoba Edoziem
... is one of the soil factors affecting crop production in Southern part of Nigeria and understanding its distributions in rhizosphere soils will help in its management. This investigation examined some variations in soil properties and inorganic phosphorus forms within the rhizosphere of three annual crops, viz groundnut (Arachis hypogea), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and okra (Abelmoschus esculentus) on a loamy sand, typic hapl...
Mahfooz Khan* and Himayatullah Khan
...was to examine what factors determine the choice of alternative energy sources of farm households for cooking in the study area. Primary data were collected from 512 farm households using simple random sampling. The sample size constituted 5 percent of total farm households in selected villages of district Peshawar. A multinomial logistic regression model was used for choice of alternative energy sources for cooking purpose. Results of the study showed that in...
Abdul Kabir¹, Amjad Hussian Mirani¹, Jam Kashif1, Shumaila Manzoor2, Abdullah Iqbal3*, Ihsan Ullah Khan4 and Muhammad Abubakar2
...r, 1-2 year and >2 years) of sheep and goats. Competitive ELISA was performed to evaluate sero-prevalence of PPR in goats and sheep. The swab and tissue samples were collected from the surrounding areas from suspected sheep and goats to confirm the PPRV. Out of total 246 sera, 144 (58.54%) samples were found seropositive for PPRV. PPR was more prevalent in sheep (61.82%) as compared to goats (55.88%). In sheep population, the highest prevalence was recorded...
Muneer Abbas1*, Muhammad Ramzan1, Khalid Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Irshad1, Mudassar Khaliq1 and Sohail Abbas2
Kanwal Nisa1, Sadaf Ashraf1, Masood Ahmed Siddiqui1*,Naila Taj1, Habib-Ur-Rehman1, Arifa Bano1 and Naeem Rashid2
... a dimer of heterotetramers (αβɣδ)2 with molecular masses of 44, 36, 20 and 12 kDa, respectively. Both of the activities were oxygen sensitive. The apparent Km values for POR reaction towards pyruvate and CoASH were 0.49 µM and 115 µM, respectively, while for PDC reaction values these values were µM 0.34 and 42 µM. To the best of our knowledge this is the firs
Abdurakhim Kuchboev1, Mehmonjon Egamberdiev2, Rokhatoy Karimova1, Oybek Amirov1 and Mitsuhiko Asakawa3,*
...uals. Alignment of the first four sequences of 28S rDNA was revealed a 99-100% similarity to D. dendriticum. Larvae from P. sogdiana snails were 98% similar to Brachylaima sp. In this study, it was confirmed that 2 species of terrestrial snail, X. candacharica and A. gereliana, act as the first intermediate hosts of D. dendriticum, and P. sogdiana snail play a role of intermed...
Kadir Seyhan1,*, Nimet Selda Başçinar2, Nadir Başçinar3 and Umar Khan3
... constant weight. The course of GE in both sizes of S. fontinalis fry was best described by the square root model. The relationship between GER and body mass was then determined by a power function of fry mass that can be summarized by the equation (g h-1), where St is current stomach mass (g), M is fry mass (g), and t is time (h). The course of GE in S. fontinalis
Muhammad Younis Laghari1,2, Zixia Zhao1, Yiwen Gong3, Punhal Lashari1,2, Shangqi Li1, Jian Xu1 , Ateeque Rahman Khooharo4, Jiongtang Li1,* and Yan Zhang1*
...ainland, the genetic diversity in Hainan island is different to that in the mainland. One of fifty sequences isolated from SINE element was polymorphic, including six haplotypes with an average sequence divergence of 11.03% (SE = 0.78%). Four haplotypes (MF177501-MF177504) were shared in these four population. However, two specific haplotypes (MF177499-MF177500) were only observed in Hainan population. To simplify procedure and improve effectiveness of identif...
Savas Atasever*, Huseyin Erdem and Ibrahim Cihangir Okuyucu
...jectively by two parameters. BCS and RFS data were obtained using a 1 to 5 scale and a 1 to 4 scale, respectively, where lower points indicate thin body condition or relatively empty rumen. Animals were examined in two subgroups by parity (1= lactation number 1 and 2; and 2= lactation number ≥ 3) and stage of lactation (1=≤121 d, and 2= ≥122 d). While both BCS and RFS were not affected by non-genetic factors (f...
Muhammad Rasheed*, Tayyaba Naseer, Asma Hassan, Fayaz ul Hassan, Rifat Hayat, Ghulam Jilani, Samman Gul Vaseer and Muhammad Bilal Ali
...ion of the lentil cultivars. Different cultivars were used in this experiment; Markaz 2009, Masoor 2009 and NIA 2005 treatments were used viz BS0 (control), (Pseudomonas stutzeri), BS2 (Lysinibacillus pakistanensis) and BS3 (Pseudomonas stutzeri + P2O5@40kg/h). Application of BS3 enhanced the plant height (31.423 cm), leaf area plant-1 (15.459 cm2), leaf area index (1.9323) and leaf area duration (110.84). Among the differen...
Amna Qazi1, Ghulam Shah Nizamani2*, Muhammad Tahir Khan2, Shafquat Yasmeen2, Shahla Karim Baloch1, Muharram Ali1, Imtiaz Ahmed Khan2, Sagheer Ahmad3, Muhammad Rashid Nizamani4 and Mohammad Aquil Siddiqui2
... of plant growth regulators and sucrose for micropropagation of sugarcane. Sugarcane is cultivated through cane sets and therefore, multiplication of any new genotype through traditional practices requires interminable period of time. Eight sugarcane genotypes viz. NIA-2004, SPF-234, NIA-2012, BL4, AEC92-1208, Thatta-10, Gulabi-95 and NIA-1026-P7 were subjected to tissue culture using four different combinations of shoot induction media and three disparate rec...
Jun Yan Bai*, Hong Deng Fan, Shuai Yang, Xue Yan Fu, Heng Cao, Xiao Hong Wu, You Zhi Pang and Kun Peng Shi
...recognize molecular markers of egg quality of quail, SNP in control regions of cytogenin gene (MyoG) 5’ in China yellow quail, Beijing white quail, Korean quail detected by PCR-SSCP method in this study. Moreover, correlations of control regions of MyoG 5’ with egg quality of quail were analyzed. Results demonstrated that: In egg quail group, six genotypes were detected in Locu...
Amna Shoaib*, Zoia Arshad Awan and Naureen Akhtar
... isolated species were first identified morphologically. ITS1–5.8S–ITS4 primers sequence and amplification of ISSR nucleotide sequences using three primers [P01 (AGAG)4 G, P02 (GTG)5, and P03 (GACA)4] confirmed that A. minisclerotigenes and A. flavus are two genetically distinct strains. Furthermore, both strains were qualitatively...
Wen Xiong1,2*, Qitao Zeng2, Dangen Gu1 and Yinchang Hu1*
...holbrooki in reservoirs of Segura River basin (Spain). The mean value of b was 3.11 (SD =0.30), which significantly higher than 3 (t-test, p<0.05). The median value of b was 3.15 and 50% of the b values ranged between 2.95 and 3.31.
...
Rafia Sadaf1, Ishrat Younus2*, Sidra Maqbool2, Talha Bin Fayyaz3, Sarah Jameel Khan1, Sidra Siddique1 and Rida Fatima1
...n used in various disorders related to both male and female and proves a great remedy for ovaralgia, ovaritis, epididymitis, orchitis nervousness, sadness, mild restlessness and mental disorder. This investigation is designed to evaluate acute toxicity and anti-anxiety activity of ethanol extract of Pulsatilla nigricans leaves. The acute oral toxicity shows that, plant extract up to 5000 mg/kg produces no signs and symptoms related to toxicity and also ...
Mubashra Salim1, Omeira Ibrahim1, Hugo Vilhena2,3,4, Carla Maia5, André Pereira5, Maria Shahzeen1, Shabana Kalsoom1, Asim K. Mahmood6 and Furhan Iqbal1*
...s. Analysis of risk factors revealed that risk of M. haemofelis and of C. Mycoplasma haemominutum infection was significantly higher during summer months than during the winter season (P ≤ 0.01 in both agents). Cats older than one year of age were significantly more predisposed to C. Mycoplasma haemominutum infection than younger cats (P ≤ 0.001), and fever manifestation was significantly associated with M. haemofelis infectio...
Ahsan Numan1,4, Khadija Irfan Khawaja2, Abdul Basit Qureshi3, Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf4, Imtiaz Rabbani4, Hafsa Zaneb5 and Habib Rehman4*
...and associated risk factors of diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSP) in previously diagnosed Type-2 diabetic subjects in Lahore, Pakistan during April, 2013 to June, 2013. The DSP was diagnosed using the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument Score. Blood was collected during the examination for the determination of various serum biochemical determinants. Prevalence of DSP was found to be 31.48% when 2,290 diabetes mellitus Type-2 subjects were screened...
Asim Faraz1,*, Abdul Waheed1, Riaz Hussain Mirza1, Muhammad Shahid Nabeel2 and Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1
...ement, Barela camel appears as a camel breed with a good dairy potential. Moreover, according to its gross composition (fat, protein, lactose, SNF and total solids percentages being 4.26, 3.62, 4.84, 9.02 and 13.28, respectively), Barela milk appears particularly rich compared to literature data. A long term monitoring, notably throughout the lactation, could be a good opportunity to assess the potential of this breed at nat...
Veli Sel1, Isa Yilmaz2,* and Mete Yanar3
... some environmental factors affecting the somatic cells count (SCC) in the farms of Anatolian water buffalos in Igdir. For this purpose, a total of 637 milk samples gathered from 91 animals raised in 54 farms were analyzed and statistically evaluated. The age and education level of the farmers and the effect of the milker on the SCC were found to be significant (P <0.001). SCC value (65.930 ± 2.484 cells/ml) was fo...
Tasbihullah1, Sadeeq ur Rahman2,*, Tariq Ali3 , Umer Saddique1, Shakoor Ahmad1, Muhammad Shafiq4, Sultan Ayaz2, Hamayun Khan1, Ijaz Ahmad1 Asadullah2, Raheela Taj5, Hafiz Nidaullah6 and Alamgir Khan7
... found to be ESBL-producers, while, of the 17 human-isolates, 4 (23.5%) were ESBL producers. PCR revealed that blaCTXM (blaCTXM-1=15 and blaCTXM-9=4) was carried by all 22 (91.6%) ESBL-producers with additional blaSHV2 (n=12) and blaNDM-1 (n=3), but no blaTEM was identified. A predom...
Saeed Murtaza1, Abdul Sattar1*, Nasim Ahmad1, Muhammad Ijaz2, Maqsood Akhtar3 and Muhammad Shahzad4
Nazia Qamar1,2*, Sher Khan Panhwar2 and Wang Ping1
... (>0.8) among parameters was estimated by fitting a liner model and a negative allometric growth pattern in E. styliferus, P. stylifera and slight positive growth was calculated for M. monoceros. A moderate growth rate for E. styliferus whereas fast growth rate for M. monoceros and P. stylifera was calculated by applying von Bertalanffy model. Higher natural mortalities (M) for E. styliferus and M. monocer...
Babar Khan1,2 *, Nazir Javed1, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Nasir Ahmed Rajput1, Muhammad Atiq1, Abdul Jabbar1, Abdul Rehman3, Anam Moosa1 and Muhammad Amjad Ali1*
...were used against insect’s larvae. Reproduction rate of S. kraussei was highest at concentration of 500 IJs as compared to 50, 100 and 200 IJs. Similarly, the effect of different temperatures was also studied to evaluate the efficacy of S. kraussei on insect larvae. At 25°C, S. kraussei showed significantly higher larval mortality of insect larvae followed by 15°C and 10°C. Effect of storage time of EPN culture was studie...
Weigeng Wen1,2,3, Xu Chen1,2,3, Wang Zhao1,2,3, Qibin Yang1,2,3, Jian G. Qin4 and Zhenhua Ma1,2,3,*
...egg and nauplii at the first spawning event and female bodyweight were evaluated. At each spawning, a female could produce 120000-1250000 eggs which hatched into 80,000-950,000 nauplii. The egg hatching rate at each spawning varied from 27.4% to 86.3% without particular patterns of correlation with female body weight. The fecundity of pond-reared female P. monodon varied from 2 100 to 9 400 eggs per gram of bodyweight, and females with medium size of 85...
Ertuğrul Kul*
... lactation curve parameters and to choose the best model that defines the lactation curve. Data were composed of 4897 test day milk yield (TDMY) records from Anatolian buffaloes calved during 2014-2017 raised under different farm conditions in Amasya Province, Turkey. Five different lactation curve models such as Wood (WOD), Cobby and Le Du (CLD), Exponential (EXP), Parabolic Exponential (PEXP) and Quadratic (QUA) models were used. The adjusted multiple coeffi...
Sumaira Akram1, Sajid Aleem Khan1*, Nazir Javed1 and Saeed Ahmad2
...ries. Among several factors, responsible for low crop yield, MGis an emerging threat. In vitro hatching percentage of MG was evaluated that was varied significantly at different concentration of chemicals, bio control agents and plant extracts. Among chemicals, cartap was most effective with lowest egg hatching and among biocontrol agents Paecilomyces lilacinus (Thom) Samson (PL) produced highest egg hatching while, Trichoderma harzianum R...
Jiao Qin,Qian-Qian Su and Quan-Sheng Liu*
...sexual motivation behaviors of female R. losea, which implied that female rats sterilized by cabergoline still might keep the capacity of competitive reproductive interference.
...
Reda Mohamed1, 2
...e celiac trunk was the first branch originating at different levels from the abdominal aorta in ruminants. In most cases, the celiac artery originated independently, while in few cases it originated by a celiacomesenteric trunk with the cranial mesenteric artery. The branches of the celiac trunk in ruminants varied and originated either directly or indirectly according to the species. The right ruminal artery originated either from the splenic, left gastric or...
Asmaa A. Darwish
...elated with some parameters in PG and EG. Ovine inflammatory conditions usually result in different clinicopathological changes. Monitoring of them may be useful in improving our therapeutic intervention and enhancing the animal response to treatment. Both of MMP-2 and MMP-9 is a good marker for sheep inflammatory conditions. ...
Kenneth Nnamdi Anueyiagu*, James Jingmang Kopmut, Chrysantus Achi Lagi and Kelly Nkem Okoh
...ubated at 37oC for 24 hours, and sub-cultured onto Mannitol Salt Agar and thereafter standard bacterial procedure continued. A total of 83 (51.9%) S aureus isolates were identified, 54 (33.8%) MRSA, and 15 (9.4%) Methicillin Susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA). The study showed a statistical association between the prevalence of MRS
Shazia Mansoor1, Muhammad Sohail2*, Saima Aslam3 and Muhammad Nauman ul Islam4
... Balkhi ewes at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar Dairy Farm Malakandair. Balkhi sheeps (n=30) were purchased from the market. They were kept for ninety days including 10 days for adaptation. Animals were divided into three groups such that each group contain ten animals i.e. group A (NRC recommended diet), group B (4% more CP and 2% more TDN), and group C (conventional grazing). Weekly body weight changes were recorded on digital balance and body condit...
Mustafa Boğa1, Kerim Kürşat Çevik2* and Aykut Burgut3
...lactation days, age at first calving and breeding, and number of insemination (ratio) on cattle milk yield (last seven days in average). For this purpose, the milk yields of 156 Holstein Friesian cattle were investigated according to different age, lactation, calving and insemination associated parameters. Optimum values in literature were organized by an expert in establishing classification data. The expert determined the ...
Riffat Sultana1, Nuzhat Soomro1,*, Santosh Kumar2, Ahmed Ali Samejo1 and Samiullah Soomro1
...i>O. fuscovittata (Marschall, 1836) of genus Oxya and Oxyina bidentata (Willemse, 1925) of Oxyina were examined under laboratory conditions. Significant differences were found in the sizes and shapes of the pods. Beside this, number of eggs in each egg pod, distribution pattern and weight, length and width of eggs in the pods were also noted. Eggs pods of Oxya species were cylindrically elongated, large, slightly bent in the mid...
Daniel Cocan1, Vioara Mireşan1, Florentina Popescu1, Radu Constantinescu1, Aurelia Coroian1, Călin Laţiu1, Romulus Valeriu Flaviu Turcu3, Alexandru Ştefan Fărcăşanu3 and Cristian Martonos2,*
... to provide a better understanding of the defence mechanism of this species. The presence, topography and structure of venomous glands made brown bullhead one of the top invasive species spreading its habitat worldwide. The specimens were collected from Stejeriş Lake, Cluj County. MRI investigations were conducted within the National Center for Magnetic Resonance (NCMR), Babeş-Bolyai University, Faculty of Physics. For ana...
Zhi Yi Jin and Shao Ming Qin*
... was studied in four rivers of Poyang Lake, Jiangxi Province, China at landscape and micro-habitat scales, from November 2017 to March 2018 and November 2018 to March 2019. At landscape scale, the main foraging habitats of this species include woodlands and farmlands. The largest proportion of woodland in the habitats was 88.70%. Proportion of shoals in foraging habitats at 500-m, 1000-m, 1500-m and 5000-m scales were larger than that in control plots, indicat...
Syed Basit Rasheed*, Ahmad Yar, Farrah Zaidi and Qaisar Jamal
...om all three tehsils: Charsadda, Tangi and Shabqadar of district Charsadda. Ants were collected randomly from indoor (rooms, kitchen and washrooms) and outdoor (streets, crop fields, barren ground and grave yards) sites by using buccal aspirator, pitfall traps and hand pick method. A total of 19 species representing 11 genera and three subfamilies namely Formicinae, Myrmicinae and Dolichoderinae were identified during the pr...
Godwin Ikechukwu Ngwu1*, Maria Ifeyinwa Ngwu2, Fabian Chukwuemenam Okafor1, Aruh Ottah Anaga3 and Christopher Didigwu Nwani1
...> on 4th instars larvae of both laboratory-reared and field-collected Aedes aegypti were carried out. The 4th instars larvae of laboratory-reared and the field-collected A. aegypti mosquitoes were exposed to 5000mg/L, 2000 mg/L, 1000 mg/L, 500 mg/L, 100 mg/L, 50 mg/L of the extract. The solvent for the extract, dimethyl sulphoxide (DMSO) was used as control. The results indicate concentrat...
Asad Ali Khaskheli1*, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Muhammad Ibrahim Khaskheli2, Gul Bahar Khaskheli3, Allah Jurio Khaskheli2 and Arshad Ali Khaskheli1
..., Sindh Agriculture University, Tando Jam during the year 2018. Study was subjected to screen and assess different vegetations though browse by camels surrounding the area of Mithi (sandy desert zone), Tando Allahyar (irrigated zone) and Thatta (coastal mangroves zone) of Sindh province. The attributes like major nutrients (moisture, dry matter, total organic matter, inorganic/mineral matter (ash), ether extract, crude protein, crude fiber, nitrogen free extra...
Meriem Msaad Guerfali1,*, Heitham Hamden1, Salma Fadhl1, Wafa Djobbi1, Lotfi Sillini1, Wafa Marzouki1 and Mohammed Ammar2
...ey carried out with farmers and to give precise informations about treatment management state. Surveys and sampling of the wild strain of Ceratitis capitata were conducted in several regions to learn about the nature and number of treatments. The samples were subjected to ingestion toxicity bioassays of malathion and spinosad at different concentrations. Histopatholog...
Jiantong Feng, Xueping Wen, Yahong Guo, Yingying Ye*, Jiji Li and Baoying Guo
...acterize the genetic diversity and population structure of M. lamarckii, a 750 bp region of mitochondrial COIII gene and an 822 bp region of 12S rRNA gene were sequenced and analyzed for 118 and 105 individuals from five populations (ZS, WZ, ZP, ST and ZJ) in the Southeast coastal areas of China, respectively. Results revealed that 33 haplotypes were defined in COIII gene, and 30 haplotypes were defined in 12S rRNA gene. The pairwise Fst
Housh Muhammad Solangi1, Javaid Ali Gadahi1*, Mansoor Tariq2, Bachal Bhutto1, Zubair Ahmed Laghari1, Jamila Soomro3, Taufeeq Ahhmed Khosa1 and Abdullah G Arijo1
...e all groups after the first week of challenge infection. After 2nd week of infection no significant difference (P>0.05) was found among the negative control and vaccinated group, however significant differences (P<0.05) was found between the positive control and vaccinated group. It is concluded that HcCPs were able to produce the antibodies, that means these proteins are able to produce the immunity and can be used as vaccine against the inf...
Gulnaz Afzal1, Ghulam Mustafa2*, Shakila Mushtaq3 and Amer Jamil4
...hed five species of spiders using their CO1 gene sequences and compared them with 40 earlier published sequences, retrieved from GenBank on the bases of maximum similarity index. The sequences of gene encoding CO1 of all five spider species were deposited in GenBank. Out of five spiders in this study, three species i.e. Leucauge decorata, Oxyopes javanus and Pardosa timidula were fi
Muhammad Waseem, Tariq Mahmood*, Abid Hussain, Abdul Hamid, Faraz Akrim, Shaista Andleeb and Hira Fatima
... Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus laniger) inhabits deciduous, broad-leaved forests, thorn brush forests, and coniferous forests, occurring from 1500 up to 4,000 m above sea level. The species, in many areas of its range, is in conflict with humans, however, data on its population and economic losses are scanty in the country. We investigated its occurrence, population and human conflict in Mansehra District during 2016-2017. A total of ...
Yunfang Tian, Zeqin Fu, Jiantong Feng, Yahong Guo, Yingying Ye*, Jiji Li and Baoying Guo
...g planktonic larval dispersal. The clam, Meretrix meretrix, is an important aquaculture species in the coastal regions of China. However, the previous studies of genetic information about M. meretrix were vague. None integrated research to reveal the population genetic and structure of M. meretrix in China from north to south. In this study, we investigated the genetic variation of seven location samples distributing the China coastline fr...
Amit Sharma1* and Pankaj Sood2
...lves balancing many factors in order to obtain satisfactory results. It causes ultrastructural, biochemical and functional damage to the spermatozoa leading to reduced motility, viability, impaired transport and fertility. Caprine sperms are extremely sensitive to cryopreservation compared to other species which is mainly attributed to the compositional variation of the sperm plasma membrane. Different factors affect affects...
Lei Gao1, Gong-xue Jia2, Zheng-yuan Huang1, Ming-xing Yue3, Chao Zhang1, Shi-en Zhu1 and Xiang-wei Fu1,*
...icle (GV) oocytes were first cultured to monitor the progression of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and polar body extrusion (PBE) during in vitro maturation (IVM), then the harvested metaphase II (MII) oocytes were parthenogenetically activated to evaluate pronuclear (PN) formation of parthenogenetic embryo and embryo development. The cytoplasmic maturation was examined by measuring the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) and glutathione (GSH...
Muhammad Yahya1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Imtiaz Sarwar1, Khurram Shehzad2, Muhammad Luqman3 and
Sher Muhammad Shahzad2
...es (acari) as bioindicators. Using metallic soil corer (10 cm length and 10 cm diameter), extensive random soil sampling was carried out from selected localities in district Sargodha (Punjab, Pakistan) and soil microarthropods (i.e. springtails and mites) were extracted from composite soil samples using Tullgren-Berlese funnel. Impact of collection seasons (i.e. spring, summer, autumn and winter) and impact of different land-use types or categori...
Asim Faraz*
...and three females. The first group calves were fed concentrate @ 1 kg/h/d plus crop residues of gram (Cicer arientinum) ad libitum while in second group calves were allowed grazing/browsing for 10 h daily along with household refusals. Twice watering was provided. Fortnightly weighing of calves was done by digital scale. Data collected on different parameters was subjected to statistical analysis with 2×2...
Saima Sharif*, Farkhanda Manzoor, Tasnim Farasat, Shaugfta Naz and Raheela Tabasum
...on is a risk-factor in first-ever ischemic stroke. The study was conducted from Jan, 2013 to Jan, 2014 in Services and Jinnah Hospital Lahore, Pakistan. A total of 150 subjects were included in this study, divided into ischemic stroke group (n=100) and control (n=50). Kidney function estimation was done using serum creatinine and blood urea along with eGFR calculation by MDRD equation. Kidney dysfunction was defined as eGFR of <60 ml/min/1.73m2. Statistical...
Ihsanullah Kakr1, Sarwar Khan2, Khalid Khan3* and Sajjad Ahmed1
...for survey of Camel farmers and information regarding the age of respondent, experience, type of community, feeding/watering pattern of camels, prevailing camel diseases in the area, treatment facilities, traditional remedies used by them against various diseases in camels and economic losses were collected. A total of one thousand and forty (n=1040) camel owners/respondents from three groups viz settled, transhumants and no...
Muhammad Asif Farooq1*, Muhammad Jalal Arif1, Muhammad Dildar Gogi1, Bilal Atta2 and Ahmad Nawaz1
...n for two consecutive years 2016-17 to devised four IPM modules (PRMM-1, PRMM-2, PRMM-3, and PRMM-4) for mango to evaluate their impact on insect pests, pesticide residues and yield in mangoes. The modules were based on a combination of different IPM tactics to suppress the pest population with no or minimal use of insecticides. Each module was applied in an area of 0.405 ha of a mango orchard. Fruit samples collected from all modules were subjected to analyti...
Hamza Rehman*, Nida Ahmad Khan, Asad Ali, Warda Batool and Kanwal Razzaq
...erceived among the world’s 100 most essential intrusive species. Thiamethoxam and imidacloprid are Neonicotinoids with a minute toxicity and they have no teratogenic effects on grains, therefore both are used as cereals protectant against stored grain pests world widely. The recent study was planned to evaluate the efficacy of thiamethoxam and imidacloprid for the control of Trogoderma granarium under laboratory conditions. The insecticides were tested a...
Muhammad Ramzan, Unsar Naeem-Ullah*, Mahreen Hanif, Muhammad Nadeem, Mirza Abdul Qayyum, Muhammad Javaid
...s varies from 3.2-4.3 hours. There are four larval instars of Plutella xylostella. The first, second, third and fourth instar larva survived for 3-5,3,1-4 and 2-3 days respectively while pupal and prepupal period lasted for 5-3 days, respectively. Adults lived for 4 to 5 days and life period under laboratory condition varies from 13 to 23 days. ...
Bo Gao1,2, Fengmei Yang3, Wei Chen2, Xiaojia Song4, Xiaobo Liu5 and Dongmin Li1*
... tissues. The tumor markers were detected with COBAS 6000. The prognostic value of relative MDR1 expression level in malignant tumors was investigated by univariate survival and Cox regression model analyses, and survival times were compared using the log-rank test. At the same time, through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis, their diagnostic threshold values were calculated. MDR1 expression levels were ...
Savas Atasever*, Ali Vaiz Garipoglu and Huseyin Erdem
...oduction and traits in Jersey crossbred cows. A total of 78 smallholder dairy farms in the Middle Black Sea region province of Turkey was investigated by raw milk composition (fat (F), protein (P), lactose (L)), density (D), freezing point (FP), somatic cell count (SCC) and daily milk yield (DMY) according to the different feeding applications (grazing (G), silage usage (S), compound feed usage (C), number of milking cow (NMC), calf suckling period (CSP)). Ave...
Muhammad Rizwan Ashraf1, Asif Nadeem1,2, Eric Nelson Smith3, Maryam Javed1, Utpal Smart3, Tahir Yaqub4, Abu Saeed Hashmi1 and Panupong Thammachoti3
...sms. This study is the first attempt to find the phylogenetic relationship and diversity through mitochondrial genes in saw-scaled viper from Pakistan. Tail tip biopsies of Saw-scaled vipers were used for amplification of mitochondrial genes fragments (ND4, 16S rRNA and 12S rRNA) through Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR). Nucleotide data was used for DNA polymorphism analyses and homology wa...
Ali Asghar1*, Tariq Mukhtar1, Muhammad Usman Raja1 and Asim Gulzar2
...uctions in these parameters were significantly higher when both the pathogens were applied simultaneously as compared to their sole applications. Similarly, at higher inoculum densities, the reductions were the maximum in all these parameters. Significant variations were observed in number of galls and egg masses per root system in response to both the pathogens applied individually and in combinations. Maximum numbe
Peimin Yang*, Zongyun Hu, Yixin Liu, Guanghai Jin and Lei Wang
...bited high haplotype diversity (h=0.8467) and low nucleotide diversity (Pi=0.0063). Genetic distances ranged from 0.0002 to 0.0149 within and 0.0007 to 0.0140 between populations. AMOVA analysis indicated significant genetic differentiation among populations (Fst=0.3202, P<0.01) and 68.98% of the total variation was resulted from intra-population differentiation. Pairwise ...
Amjad Usman1*, Arshad Khan1, Ruidar Ali Shah2 and Toheed Iqbal3
...justify;">Scirtothrips dorsalis is a devastating pest of tomato. The objective of this study was to screen commercially available tomato genotype and to identify the morphological plant characters responsible for resistance against S. dorsalis. For this purpose, five commercially cultivated tomato genotypes (Riogrande, Riogrande H, Bombino, Roma VF and Roma) were evaluated against thrips (...
Saima Asad1*, Irfan Ahmad Baig2, Abdul Saboor3 and Rashid Mahmood4
... HIES/PSLM of last 10 years from 2005-2006 to 2015-16. By developing an axiomatic framework 3 most widely used inequality measures (Gini-coefficient, Atkinson Measure and Generalized Entropy Index) have been estimated for uni-dimensional inequality while a single measure of Araar (2009) is used for the assessment of multidimensional inequality. Calculated outcomes shows that in a shorter span of time inequality shows fluctuating trend while in a longer span of...
Arjumand Nizami1, Muhammad Zulfiqar2*, Jawad Ali1, Naushad Khan2 and Imran Sheikh3
...y by the respondent farmers. The data were collected from the three selected villages using focused group discussions and individual interviews of 21 beneficiary rice producers. Out of 21 farmers, 7 farmers were selected each from head, middle and tail of the water channels located at Joyianwala, Saikhum and Kathianwala villages. The baseline data were c...
Bahadar Sher Khattak1, Muhammad Kaleem1, Waqas2*, Humaira Naz1 and Muhammad Yasir3
...itions of the small farmers through various agricultural interventions. One of the important and essential interventions of CMP was micro-credit facilities to small farmers. The current research study focused on the core objective of the CMP aimed at finding out the effect of micro-credit intervention on small farmers and how their socioeconomic status improved during the span of the proje...
Hina Maryam1, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Ahmed Zia1, Ghulam Rasul3, Muhammad Kamal Sheikh3*, Muhammad Qasim4 and Gulnaz Parveen5
... apricot insect pollinators during apricot blossom period (early March) from Gilgit, Ghizer, Hunza-Nagar and Skardu. Total 18 species of 14 genera under seven families of orders Diptera, Hymenoptera and Lepidoptera were identified. Order Diptera was represented by family Syrphidae with four species under three genera. Order Hymenoptera represented four families i.e. Apidae with six species under four genera; Halictidae with ...
Muhammad Zeeshan Nazar*, Ayyan Umer, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar, Faiz Ullah Faiz and Sikandar Hussain
...he Bts infected silkworm’s haemolymph were counted. The findings of current research showed that THC was significantly increased at 1st and 2nd day i.e., 5128/ml and 5704/ml as compared to control 3047/ml, respectively. Afterwards, THC were rapidly decreased and THC were recorded 1928/ml (3rd day) and 344/ml (4th day). The results also exhibited the morphological changes of silkworm i.e., infected larva fully filled with B. thuringiensis spores with flac...
Jing Zhang1,2, Xin Wang2, Yun Zhao2, Yongcheng Jin2, Yongfeng Zhou2, Junmei Wang2, Yurong Fu2, Rui Wang2, Ruihua Li2, Hengtong Fang2 and Hao Yu2,*
...nd mucosal immune disorders, the effect of zearalenone (ZEA) on intestinal mucosal function remains controversial. We aimed to explore the effects of short-term ZEA exposure on the mucosal barrier function in the colon. We found that the morphology of colonic mucosa in mice was normal after ZEA was administered by gavage for one week, the mRNA expression levels of mucosal Mucin-1, Mucin-2, regenerating islet-derived protein ...
Muhammad Zamin1*, Abdullah Khan1, Ibadullah Jan1, Fazli Rabbi2, Shahen Shah3, Rashid Ali1, Kaleem Ullah1 and Muhammad Amin4
...dustry used for cut flowers in interior decoration. Fertilizers have prominent role in quality flower production. To investigate the performance of gladiolus at different application rate of nitrogen and potash, a study was conducted at National Agriculture Research Council (NARC) Islamabad, in May to August 2018. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with 10 treatment combinations of nitrog...
Xuhui Zhang1, Zhiyuan Sun2, Jinfeng Cai1, Guibin Wang1, Zunling Zhu1, Linguo Zhao3 and Fuliang Cao1,*
...nd meat quality of broilers. Three hundred day-old commercial Arbor Acres (AA) broiler chicks were randomly allocated into 5 dietary treatments including five variations: control group, fed with the basal diets; NF group, the addition of 3 g/kg NF products; FR1, FR2 and FR3 groups, addition of FR products 1 g/kg, 3 g/kg and 6 g/kg, respectively. There was no difference in body weight gain, feed intake and feed intake/gain ratio between treatments. Compared wit...
Celalettin Gözüaçik1,*, Mustafa Güllü2, Ayda Konuksal3, Reşat Değirmenci3 and Ercan Akerzurumlu3
...ownships in 2012-2013 years, and 1567 and 862 larvae were collected in the two years, respectively. Larvae were kept inside boxes covered with nets in the laboratory at 25±1◦C and 65±5% r.h. Following pupation, adult moths and parasitoids were obtained and percentage of parasitized larvae was determined. At the end of the study, Bracon (Habrobracon) stabilis (Wesmael) (Braconidae) and ...
Dongping Liu1, Guogang Zhang1, Chao Wang2, Baoping Qing2 and Jun Lu1,*
...er nesting conditions. First nest failure in reintroduced population occurred much earlier than that in wild, which resulted in significantly higher probability of re-nesting. The phenotypic plasticity in crested ibis may play important role in future reintroduction of this critically endangered species under a changing environment.
...
Aftab Khan1, Shahid Ali1*, Asim Khan1, Muhammad Waqas1 and Sufyan Ullah Khan2
...del output of maize growers. Results of stochastic frontier model revealed that tractor hours, labor and FYM positively and significantly affected yield of maize. Average technical efficiency was predicted to be 0.68 ranging from 0.31 to 0.91; implies that an average maize farm can increase yield by 33 percent with existing technology. Technical inefficiency effect model identified that education and farming experience has n...
Rehman Ullah Khan* and Muhammad Ayub
...physico-chemical parameters (pH, titratable acidity, total soluble solids, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar and ascorbic acid), total phenolic compounds, total antioxidant capacity and sensory evaluation of guava aloe vera blended pulp. The treatments were as GABP0 (control), GABP1 (0.1% P.S), GABP2 (0.1% K.M.S), GABP3 (0.1% S.B), GABP4 (0.05% each P.S and K.M.S), GABP5 (0.05% each P.S and S.B), GABP6 (0.05% each K.M.S and S.B), GABP7 (0.033% each P.S+ KMS a...
Muhammad Farhan1, Ghulam Murtaza1, Muhammad Ramzan2, Muhammad Waqar Sabir3, Muhammad Arsalan Rafique2, Saif Ullah2
...n different nymphal instars of Myzus persicae was investigated in ambient laboratory conditions at University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. Chrysoperla carnea was found very active and consumed all stages of aphid. The predation rate of Chrysoperla carnea was increased with increase in larval instars (1st to 3rd). Third instar of Chrysoperla carnea was ver...
Pushpa1, Nighat Seema Soomro1, Shahla Karim Baloch2, Mehmooda Buriro1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Muhammad Tahir Khan3, Qamar Uddin Jogi1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1 and Farheen Deeba Soomro1
...cantly impaired by weeds’ infection which compete for water, nutrients and sunlight. This study was conducted to determine the allelopathic effect of weed species on germination and seedling traits of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Wheat varieties Amber and TJ83 were subjected to powder of Chenopodium album, Convolvulus arvensis and Avena fatua under three different treatments i.e. 25, 50 and 75g. The effect of these weed powders<...
Muhammad1*, Muhammad Suleman Bacha2 and Syed Akhtar Ali Shah1
...tes the influencing factors of urban farmers’ Willingness to Pay (WTP) for organic fertilizer in District Mardan, Pakistan. The Contingent Valuation Method (CVM) was used and data were randomly collected from 384 heads of the household of urban farmers. Data was set in SPSS software version 22.0 and analyzed usin...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Anam Sarwar2, Muhammad Junaid1, Mirza B. Baig3, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel4 and R. Kirby Barrick5
...Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0 used for additional analyses. The results indicated that humans are the chief representatives of alterations in climate systems. The extension field staff was incompetent in dealing with the threats of climate change due to their lack of knowledge regarding climate change adaptation, mitigation and strategies and the deficiency of climate-related skills or competencies. The extension field staff exhibited a confident attitud...
Saeed Ahmed Shah Chishti1, Saba Aleem1*, Iram Sharif2, Kashif Nadeem1, Nusrat Parveen1 and Muhammad Najeebullah1
...owering in Solanum lycopersicum L. is sensitive to low-temperature as it inhibits the fuit growth and causes poor fruit setting. The present experiment was conducted to improve the fruit growth and fruit set in tomato during low-temperature stress conditions by the use of growth regulator 4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid. Seven different 4-chlorophenoxy acetic acid levels along with two indeterminate tomato varieties saandal and sahel were tested in two minimum nig...
Humayun Saleem1, Faisal Sohail Fateh2*, Zia-Ur-Rehman1 and Muhammad Abu Bakar Siddique1
...ous plant with cold winters that can withstand temperatures as low as -30 ° C. The apricot has been used as a treatment for various diseases in Folk medicines. Shot hole which is a fungal disease caused by Wilsonomyces carpophilus is one of the diseases that target apricot. The purpose of the current study was to record the prevalence of shot hole disease on Islamabad’s Federal Capital Territory markets. The freque...
Noor-us-Sabah1*, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Ghulam Sarwar1 and Sher Muhammad2
...at research area of University of Sargodha in year 2017-18. A saline sodic-soil with desirable characteristics (SP = 40.35, ECe = 5.17 dS m-1, pHs = 8.71, SAR = 18.80 (mmol L-1)1/2, bulk density = 1.49 g cm-3) was selected for present study. After chemical analysis, different organic amendments were used in the study. Following treatments were applied in three replicates i.e. T1- control (recommended NPK), T2- ½ of recommended NPK, T3- full dose of FYM,...
Attique Ahmed1, Tariq Sultan1, Ghulam Qadir2, Obaid Afzal2*, Mukhtar Ahmed5, Shamim-Ul-Sibtain Shah3, Muhammad Asif4, Safdar Ali2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Mehmood2
... with synthetic fertilizers can enhance crop productivity and soil fertility. Present experiment aimed to investigate the effect of PGPR and PSB inoculation with T1 Control (Recommended NP), T2 (PGPR-1 + PSB + ¾ N + ¾ P),T3 (PGPR-2 +PSB +¾ N + ¾ P), T4 (PGPR-3 + PSB + ¾ N + ¾ P), T5 (PGPR-4 + PSB + ¾ N + ¾ P), T6 (PGPR-5 + PSB + ¾ N + ¾ P), T7 (PGPR-1, 2, 3, 4, 5 + PSB + ¾ N + ¾...
Arfan Ahmed Gilal1*, Lubna Bashir1, Muhammad Faheem2, Asad Rajput1, Junaid Ahmed Soomro1, Saifullah Kunbhar1, Abdul Samad Mirwani1, Tanzeela-ul-Zahra1, Ghulam Sarwar Mastoi3 and Jam Ghulam Mustafa Sahito4
...reported from its neighbors India and China. So, this study was conducted in 15 corn growing areas of Sindh, Pakistan to determine the presence and damage status of FAW on fodder and grain corn along with sorghum and millet. The presence of FAW was confirmed from all corn growing districts of Sindh except Jacobabad, Larkana and Shikarpur districts of upper Sindh. The identification of FAW was done based on its morphological characters<...
Fazli Ahad1, Raziuddin1, Nazir Ahmad1,2*, Muhammad Nauman1, Touheed Iqbal3, Nabeel Khan1, Fazli Hameed4 and Quaid Hussain2
...block design at The University of Agriculture-Peshawar-Khyber Pakhtunkhwa-Pakistan with three repeats. Significant differences were recorded for days to 50% flowering, plant height, primary branches plant-1, main raceme length, pods main raceme-1, pod length, seeds pod-1, 1000-seed weight, seed yield plant-1 among genotypes, parents and F3 population. Similarly, parents vs. F3 population also showed significant differences for all the studied traits except pri...
Rehman Ali Keerio1, Nighat Seema Soomro1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Mohammad Aquil Siddiqui2, Muhammad Tahir Khan2, Ghulam Shah Nizamani2*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1, Maryum Siddiqui4, Hajra Khan3 and Farheen Deeba Soomro1
...a huge burden on country’s economy and therefore, indigenous oil production must be augmented. Sunflower seed contains 40% of good quality oil. Hence, it can play a significant role for fulfilling the Pakistan’s oil needs. This study was conducted to identify the optimum foliar zinc (Zn) supplement for sunflower variety HO-1. The experiment was conducted at field of Oil Seeds Section, Agriculture Research Institu...
Adewumi Olubusuyi Moses1,2*, Faleye Temitope Oluwasegun Cephas,1,3, Ope-Ewe Oludayo Oluwaseyi1, Ibitoye Ibipeju Henrietta1, Arowosaye Abiola Opeyemi1, Adelowo Oluwatosin Deji1 and Adeniji Johnson Adekunle1,2,4
...V Species C (NPESC) members in stool samples. In all, 20% (8/40) of all the samples screened had NPESCs and 50% (8/16) of the EVs detected were NPESCs. However, the RD cell line missed all NPESCs. Hence, RD cell line alone should not be used for EV isolation if the desire is to also isolate NPESC. ...
Zulfiqar Ali Abbasi1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Naimatullah Leghari2, Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio3, Ahmed Naqi Shah1 and Musrat Begum Abro1
...inally the yield. Two years field study was undertaken to assess the effect of primed seeds with different solutions and planting geometries on growth and yield of sunflower in agro-ecological conditions of Tandojam, Pakistan. The experiments were a randomized complete block design in factorial combination, replicated three times. An experimental unit was accommodated with three factors i.e. seed priming sources (No seed pr...
Nadia Mangrio1*, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Nihaluddin Mari3 and Zia-ul-Hassan Shah2
...of pooled data of two years experiments indicated that growth, yield, quality and plant nutrients contents of sugarcane were affected appreciably (P<0.05) by Zn and B as judged to check plots. Zn at 15 kg ha-1 (soil applied) resulted in enhanced traits particularly cane yield (111.9 t ha-1), brix (23.1%), and plant nutrients content such as N (2.4 %), K (0.7 %), Zn (68.5 ug g-1) and B (31.7 ug g-1). Similarly, foliar application of B at 0.1 % produced highe...
Qaisra Siddique1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique3
...ST level was raised in first 28 days after that it was dropped off up to 56-day. The trend of GST in fish tissues was observed as muscle<heart<brain<kidney<gills< liver. However, TPCs in selected tissues of stressed fishwas lower significantly as compared to control.
Waqas Ahmad Shams1*, Gauhar Rehman1, Khurshaid Khan1, Ibrar Ahmad1, Saima Bibi1, Saif Ul Islam2, Dawood Safi1, Saba Gul Ayaz1
... by the traditional healers and animal therapists as a healthy calcium supplement and in healing of other injuries is also proven. In the present study, the diversity and abundance of crabs from Buner district of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan were looked over, over a period of three years extending from June 2013 till June 2016, collected at different sampling points. Extensive surveys were ...
Mubashar Hussain1*, Misbah Younas1,Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Muhammad Umar1, Maimoona Kanwal1, Moazama Batool2
...reas. Shannon-Wiener diversity index values calculated from different sites indicated variations in species richness (H= 1.72-2.14) and evenness (e^= 0.65-0.85). Similar trend in the values of other diversity indices were observed that indicated better richness and evenness of species. The diversity reported from the Sialkot emphasizes on detailed surveys with respect to feeding guilds, av...
Ahmad Naeem Shahzad1, Muhammad Kamran Qureshi2, Samee Ullah1, Muhammad Latif3, Shakeel Ahmad1 and Syed Asad Hussain Bukhari1*
...nts to survive under adverse environmental conditions. The current study emphasizes the ameliorative role of trehalose, in mitigating the detrimental effects of salt stress, in cotton plants. Three concentrations of trehalose (0, 5 and 50 mM) were applied to plant foliage, subjected to varying levels (0, 11 and 17 dSm-1) of salinity. Salt stress disturbed the sodium and potassium concentrations in leaves and roots of plants. Different morphological traits of p...
Tahira Moeen Khan*, Irum Riaz, Shahida Hameed and Bushra Khan
...="text-align: justify;">Arsenic poisoning and its removal from drinking water has become a serious issue now a days. For arsenic removal batch studies were conducted using low cost adsorbent (raw date seeds husk and lemon juice microwave activated date seeds husk) by taking 25ppm/50ml initial concentration of NaAsO2. Best removal (90%) was achieved for Lemon juice microwave activated date seed husk LMDS (time= 30mins, ag...
Maria Khalid1, Tanveer Hussain1*, Zahid Farooq2, Kamran Abbas1 and Masroor Ellahi Babar1
...estigate its genetic diversity and phylogeny using mitochondrial DNA, Cyt-b and Cox1 genes. A total of 749bp of Cox1 and 472 bp of Cyt-b complete coding regions of both genes were amplified by PCR followed by sequencing. The sequences were aligned and edited using Bio-Edit software and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were identified. The boot strapped Neighbor joining tree constructed from MEGA7 explained the genetic relation...
Hina Habib Syed1, Muzafar Shah2*, Shahid Sherzada3 and Masroor Elahi Babar1
...thick and thin blood smears and rapid diagnostic test of which 118 (11.24%) were found to be infected with malaria parasite. Data was also collected sfrom other labs of District Swat which accumulated to a total of 9255 patients, among which 932 (10.07%) patients were found positive for malaria parasite. Male infected were 558 (59.87%) while 374 (40.13%) were female. The collective data showed majority of the infected patients belonged to age group 1-10 yea
Muhammad Sarmad, Syed Muhammad Zaka* and Syed Muhammad Tahir Abbas Shah
...ent hosts Gossypium hirsutum, Abelmoschus esculentus and Helianthus annuus. Shorter nymphal duration was observed on Gossypium hirsutum 20.00±0.14 days as compared to Abelmoschus esculentus 21.00±0.26 days and Helianthus annuus 23.80±0.20 days. The longer adult life was observed on G. hirsutum (female 13.40±0...
Masroor Ellahi Babar*
... milk micelle and gene 5’ flanking region which works valuably in transcription regulation. Current study illustrates that Kappa-casein gene 5︠ flanking region in Dromedary camel of Pakistan is highly polymorphic and it is phylogeneticaly linked with other mammals. The analyses of the sequence of 5︠ flanking region in various breeds reveals the presence of different polymorphic regions includes cysteine nucleotide deletion, AT bases insertion and tra...
Samia Afzal*,Sadia Zahid, Iram Amin, Muhammad Shahid and Muhammad Idrees
... has been highly controversial. In order to further confirm the circulation of the virus and put an end to the speculative claims for the corresponding outbreak in Pakistan, a study was conducted at the Center of Excellence in Molecular Biology in Lahore. The study included 500 suspected serum samples. All clinical specimens were tested for IgM and IgG specific antibodies against Chikungunya virus using a commercial ELISA kit. Twenty seven (5.4%) and thirty fi...
Hifzulrahman1, Muhammad Abdullah1*, Muhammad Uzair Akhtar2, Jalees Ahmed Bhatti3, Muhammad Saadullah1 and Muhammad Naveed-ul-Haque2
...and reproductive parameters in early-lactating Nili Ravi buffaloes. Sixteen early-lactating Nili Ravi buffaloes received 2 treatments in a completely randomized design with a period length of 120-d. The treatments were 1) Ctrl = basal diet without supplementation of fat, 2) Ca-FA = basal diet with calcium salts of palm fatty acids supplementation. The Ca-FA treatment increased the 3.5% fat-corrected milk yield by 11.0% compared with the Ctrl, whereas, the actu...
Wen Qin1,2, YanGan Huang1, Lei Wang1, Gonghua Lin1, Jundong Yang1,2, Pengfei Song1,2, Hongmei Gao1,2, Jingjie Zhang1,2 and Tongzuo Zhang1,3,*
...ging from cold, dry winters to short, hot summers. The gut microbiota plays a very important role in host health, immunity, and digestion. Therefore, seasonal changes in gut microbiota can affect host digestion and metabolism in ways that help the host adapt to different forage conditions. Understanding the relationship between seasonal variations in the gut microbiota and host adaptabilit...
Renlong Lv1*, Ken-Ichi Horiguchi2, Shin-Ichi Tagawa3, Shoichi Ichihara4 and Norio Yoshida5
...The subjects were 6 wethers. They were divided into two treatments (rapeseed diet and jatropha diet) randomly and were tested by using a cross over method. Rapeseed meal and jatropha meal were relaced to the feed as a concentrate with proportion of 5% in experiment I and 10% in experiment II. The ingestion rate of sheep fed the jatropha diet was lower than that of the rapeseed diet. The feed of jatropha diet and rapeseed diet were all ingested in experiment I....
Grigory Antonovich Nozdrin1*, Regina Gabdrahmanovna Utkina2, Anastasia Aleksandrovna Lelyak2 and Yana Viktorovna Novik1
... every hour during the first day, and every day afterward for a total of 14 days. The live body weight was measured every week; the overall condition of the fowl, behavior, physical activity, water, and feed consumption were monitored. At the end of the experiment, autopsy and morphometry of internal organs were assessed. No toxic effect of the experimental sample (Vetom 20.76) was observed during the experiment. The fowl in the experimental groups h...
Sikander Ali* and S. Wajiha Khalid
...ation of process parameters for the enhanced production of a novel fungal exo-inulinase under liquid culture. Different fungal cultures were isolated and collected from various localities of Lahore and Murree (Punjab, Pakistan). Screening of these cultures was carried out in chemically defined medium i.e., 0.5 g/l (NH4)2SO4, 3 g/l KH2PO4, 1.5 g/l NaNO3, 0.01 g/l MgSO4.7H2O ...
Expression Analysis of BMPR1B, BMP15, GDF9, Smad1, Smad5, and Smad9 in Rams with Different Fecundity
Weihao Chen1,2, Zhilong Tian2, Lin Ma2, Shangquan Gan3, Wei Sun1,4,* and Mingxing Chu2,*
...<0.05). This is the first study to systematically analyze the BMPR1B, BMP15, GDF9, Smad1, Smad5, and Smad9 genes’ tissue expression pattern in rams.
...
Jie Yang
... of the most common tumours subtype in thyroid cancers. Substantial amount of data have indicated that miR-16 is an important regulator of various tumours; however, the molecular functions of miR-16 in papillary thyroid cancer remained largely elusive. In order to investigate the regulation of miR-16, human papillary thyroid carcinoma cells are transfected with miR-16 mimics or inhibi...
Peer Sikandar Shah1, Ghulam Nabi1, Maqsood Khan*1,2, Saddam Hussain1 and Jawad Ali Jan1
... Luffa acutangula cultivars (Jaipuri and Dharidhar) were allotted to the main plot while organic and inorganic regimes (i.e. Control, NPK (Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium), FYM (Farmyard manure), FYM (half) + NPK (half), FYM (full) + NPK (half), FYM (full) + NPK (full) and FYM (half) + NPK (full) were allotted to sub plots . The results obtained from the experiment indicated that both cultivars and regimes have significan...
Asad Ullah1*, Umar Sadique2, Sultan Ayaz1, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi2 and Farhan Anwar Khan2
...istan are common reservoirs of mycobacteria and may pose great risk to the public. Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is found one of the neglected zoonotic disease (NZD) caused by Mycobacterium bovis with public health significance and appear as a life threatening infection at the human-animal-ecosystem interface in low-resource settings in the central zone of KP, Pakistan. The surveillance, prevention and control programs of this NZD in the KP province of Pakistan i...
Amjad Ali1*, Lal Almas2, Syed Attaullah Shah1, Hina Fatima3 and Asim Khan1
...al of 299 sugarcane growers were interviewed in three main sugarcane growing districts (D.I. Khan, Malakand and Charsadda) of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). Through a structured questionnaire, key questions were asked to gather data with respect to inputs utilization and socio-economic characteristics of selected sample of sugarcane growers. Using Stochastic Frontier Approach (SFA), mean technic...
Qingzhan Ma1, Bo Wu1, Jianping Jiang2 and Zhaobin Song1,3*
...ight microsatellite markers were used to analyze genetic characteristics of eight channel catfish populations (POPA, POPB, POPC, POPD, POPE, POPF, POPG, and POPH). The average polymorphic information content (PIC) ranged from 0.525 (POPD) to 0.733 (POPA) indicating high polymorphism (PIC > 0.5). The average observed heterozygosity (Ho) and expected heterozygosity (He) in the eight populations ranged from 0.504 (POPH) to 0.767 (POPG) and from 0...
Quratulain1, Ata-ul-Mohsin1, Muhammad Naeem1, Ghulam Shabir1, Muhammad Khalid Rafique2 and Rashid Mahmood2*
...hat all resistant cultivars had yellowish-green leaf color whereas the cultivars with blue-green foliage showed susceptibility towards thrips infestation. The Red imposta had lowest thrips infestation suggesting strong antibiosis and antixenosis.
...
Muhammad Rafay1,*, Ghafoor Ahmad1, Tahira Ruby2, Muhammad Abdullah3, Fahad Rasheed4, Muhammad Abid1, Sohail Akhtar5, Zulfiqar Ahmad6 and Riaz Hussain7
...ting and bathing behaviours were studied along with vocalization. Statistical packages (mean values and standard deviation) were used to find out the potential results.
...
Saeed Fatima1, Khalid Javed Iqbal1, Usman Atique2,3*, Arshad Javid4, Noor Khan2, Sonia Iqbal2, Hamid Majeed5, Hamda Azmat2, Bakhat Yawar Ali Khan6, Irfan7, Muhammad Tausif Shahid1, Gulnaz Afzal1
...dobe Caslon Pro";">Arsenic (As), mercury (Hg) and cadmium (Cd) are one of the greatest threats to aquatic biota for their persistence, bioaccumulation and biomagnification across the globe.This study presents the first hand data of toxic trace metals in edible fish muscles, sediments and water sampled from Head Punjnad (HP), Pakistan during 2017. The likely reason for the selection of...
Muhammad Shuaib Khan1, Shakeeb Ullah1, Nisha. A.R2, Muhammad Umar3, Muhammad Inamullah Malik1*, Syed Muhammad Kamal Shah1, A. Zaman1, Shakir Ullah1, Imdad Ullah1, Sumera Ali Khan4
...livestock and dairy sectors of Pakistan. Their help ranges from the crop and livestock production to cottage industry. The women in rural societies of Pakistan deliver many farm duties especially in the Punjab province, anterior Sindh, KP, Gilgat-Baltistan and Baluchistan. In the hilly areas men and women of the rural community use the donkeys for daily practice work like fetching water, collection of firewood for domestic use and sale in the nearby local mark...
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Annamaria Passantino2, Ayman Balla Mustafa3, Nasir Ali Tauqir4, Naeem Ullah Khan5, Muhammad Shahid Nabeel6
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Muhammad Mudasser Nazir2, Aneela Hameed3, Nasir Ali Tauqir4, Riaz Hussain Mirza1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Rana Muhammad Bilal5
.... OT also improves the persistency of lactation. Receptor blockade of oxytocin causes milk ejection inhibition. OT injections cause increased OT blood levels which results in the prolonged myoepithelial and alveolar contractions that ultimately increase milk yield. Milk composition especially protein, fat, lactose and mineral concentration are influenced by exogenous OT administration. It affects the cell maintenance and mammary metabolism along with its prove...
Saira Bano, Muhammad Naeem* and Samrah Masud
...he present work is the first detailed report from Pakistan on study of blood parameters in Labeo calbasu, under three treatments (T1, T2 and T3) fed at different crude protein (CP) levels ratios i.e., 15%, 20% and 25% CP. Fish were first collected, acclimatized, kept in triplicate aquaria under controlled conditions in three groups (T1, T2 and T3) and then 5 fish were selected from each tr...
Anila Kousar, Muhammad Naeem* and Samrah Masud
...ter exhibited strong inverse relationship with %protein in T3, and %organic content in T1 and T3 fed fish while, %fat and %ash showed no influence of % water. This indicates that protein is increasing while water decreases at increasing dietary protein level in T3 (25%) fed fish. Similarly, highest protein and lowest fat contents on the basis of both wet and dry weights were recorded in the whole body constituents indicating that GIFT is rich source of protein...
Muhammad Shakeel1,2*, Salik Nawaz2, Yasar Saleem3, Shazia Shafique2, Ateeq Tahir2 and Muhammad Riaz2
...and were designed to understand socio-economic and agronomic constraints associated with adoption of broccoli in Pakistan. Growers and other stakeholders were contacted by personal visits, telephone calls and distribution of the structured questionnaire. Information was collected from Punjab, Balochistan, Khyber Pakhtunkhawa (KPK) provinces, Kashmir and ...
Stock Assessment of Two Parrotfish, Hipposcarus harid and Scarus ferrugineus in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
Ahmad Osman Mal1 and Mohamed Hosny Gabr1,2,*
...ages. The growth parameters were estimated to be: the asymptotic length L∞ = 54.044 cm, the growth coefficient K = 0.168 year-1, and age at zero length to = -0.707 year for H. harid and L∞ = 51.238 cm, K = 0.170 year-1, and to = -0.889 year for S. ferrugineus. The total ‘Z’, natural ‘M&rs
Salahud Din1,*, Saima Masood1, Hafsa Zaneb1, Habib ur Rehman2, Saima Ashraf1, Imad Khan3, Muqader Shah4 and Syed Abdul Hadi1
...ious osteometric parameters of the skull were studied in the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciencies, Lahore, Pakistan. The shape of the Chinkara skull was elongated and had thirty two bones. The skull was comprised of the cranial and the facial part. The facial region of the skull was formed by maxilla, incisive, palatine, vomar, pterygoid, frontal, parietal, nasal, incisive, turbinates, mandible and hyoid apparatus. ...
Muhammad Jamal Nasir*, Anwar Saeed Khan, Said Alam and Riyasat Sultan
...nd the present study covers all the households who practice transhumance. Land use data were collected from revenue office Topi. Patterns of transhumance in Utla reflected the distinctive environmental and socio-economic conditions. The system and schedule devised by the local population is based on indigenous knowledge and is for the better management of forests, grasses and agriculture resources. According to field survey, availability of fodder (grasses) at...
Rabia Iqbal, Muhammad Naeem*, Samrah Masud and Abir Ishtiaq
...body composition parameters in hybrid fry (Labeo rohita ♀ and Catla catla ♂) by feeding them at three graded protein feeds (15%CP, 20%CP, 25%CP). Eighteen days old fry of hybrid (L. rohita ♀ and C. catla ♂) of 0.12±0.08 average weight(g) and length(cm) 1.63±0.21 were acclimatized and shifted in hapas (8x6x3 ft.), fed at the rate of 5% of their wet body weight. Ten samples from each hapa were randomly selected at the end of three months (9...
Umar Hayat1, Khalid Khan2, Saima Liaqat3 and Guo Xiangyu4*
...pts to identify the factors that determine the rice productivity in the district Nasirabad, Balochistan. In the rural areas of Pakistan, farmers do not utilize all available resources efficiently. Therefore, it leads to inefficient choices which subsequently affect the production. This study evaluated determinants of rice production in the district Nasirabad, Balochistan by employing Neo-Classical and Cobb-Douglas production...
Mubashir Mehdi1*, Muhammad Bilal Ahsan1, Burhan Ahmad1, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai2, Gulnaaz Hameed3 and Muhammad Asif4
...ns like Global GAP. Workers’ working conditions and their basic rights can influence on sustainability of mango value chain system in Pakistan particularly under the guidelines of LO decent work agenda. Double-log regression model is used to assess the effects of decent work agenda and its effect on social upgrading of workers both at Global GAP certified and traditional non certifie...
Akbar Hayat*, Muhammad Nawaz Khan, Ehsan Ul Haque, Ahmed Raza, Faheem Khadeeja
...compatible with Feutrell’s early. Objectively maximum fruit weight, fruit size, juice percentage and yield obtained in T1 Troyer citrange and T2 Cox mandarin as compared to local root stock rough lemon. Results depict that exotic citrus root stock Troyer citrange and Cox mandarin performed well with Feutrell’s early in the local climatic conditions of Sargodha Punjab, can be used to overcome the smaller size of F...
Cornelius Arome Omatola*, Samson Daniel Iyeh, Shedrach James Abuh, Charles Kehinde Mofolorunsho, Martin-Luther Oseni Okolo and Phoebe Queen Akoh
...y be associated with adverse health outcomes for both the woman and her developing baby. Despite the serious health consequences of STIs, information is lacking regarding the magnitude of the disease in the study setting. This study investigated the prevalence of five major STIs (HIV, HBV, HCV, HSV-2 and syphilis) in asymptomatic women in Anyigba. Sera samples from a cross-section of 250 consenting pregnant women on antenatal visits to five health facilities w...
Gulnaz Hameed1, Abdul Saboor1, Khuram Nawaz Sadozai2*, Ghaffar Ali2, Dawood Jan2 and Mansoor Rasheed3
...espondents from the universe comprising both registered and nonregistered members of AJKCDP. Primary data were collected through interview schedule. Foster Greer and Thorbecke measure was used to calculate incidence of poverty which is then used to model the probability expressions with the help of Logit to investigate the correlates of poverty in the research area. Poverty was found at below for registered membe
Daniel Masood1, Noor Khan1*, Khalid Javed Iqbal2, Sadaf Dogar1, Abdul Hanan1, Sadia Nazir1, Sheeza Bano1, Azra Anwar2, Sameul A.M. Martin3 and Chris J. Secombes3
...bserved in the feed conversion ratio (FCR) between T3 (1.81±0.06) and T1 (2.70±0.13) and specific growth rate (SGR) of T3 (0.42±00) and T1 (0.25±0.01). These findings indicated that M. oleifera meal has good potential to substitute soybean meal as a relatively cheap and good quality plant protein source without any harmful effects on fish body composition.
...
Muhammad Usman Saleem, Nadeem Iqbal, Shawaiz Iqbal*, Usama Bin Khalid, Adila Iram, Muhammad Akhter, Tahir Latif and Tahir Hussain Awan
...ivated through raising nursery seedlings and transplanting them in puddled soils. Declining surface water, high cost of pumped groundwater, high labor costs, and drudgery in manually transplanted rice (TPR) have motivated researchers to develop alternated technology such as direct seeded rice (DSR). About 30% of total water used in rice cultivation is consumed for puddling of soil (land preparation) and transplanting operati...
Bin Huo1 and Xiaoyun Shen1,2,3*
... During the past five years, Tibetan Gazelle have been affected by rickets and osteomalacia, characterized by emaciation, growth retardation, lameness,enlargement of the costochondral junctions and abnormal curvature in long bones. The aim of the study was to determine possible relationships between the illness and mineral deficiency. The present result showed that phosphorus contents in soil and forage from affected pastures were significantly lower than thos...
Ali Uzun* and Bilgenur Yasa
...group formation and dispersal on the lake surface was studied. Coots form large groups in winter (as many as 11,500 individuals). The total number of individuals has no effect on dispersal on the lake surface and grouping behavior of the species (p>0.05). Temperature and security are the primary effective factors for these subjects (p<0.01). Behaviors<...
Bilal Atta1*, Muhammad Rizwan1, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Dildar Gogi2, Muhammad Sabar1, Bakhtawar3, Faizan Ali3 and Mehran Sarwar3
... 100% repellency at 2 hours exposure interval. Results also suggested that grain damage and grain weight loss due to the feeding of T. castaneum decreased as the dose rate of crude plant extracts increased, while an increasing trend was found in these parameters with the increase in exposure interval. The maximum grain damage and grain weight loss (10.27% and 0.346%, respectively) were recorded at the lowest dose of A. indic...
Khalid Khan* and Guo Xiangyu
...rcent of the rice producers are technically efficient and have significant potential for technical efficient rice production. Therefore, there is a great potential to increase the per acre productivity of a typical farmer in the district to a greater extent by achieving the technical efficiency. Moreover, the additional amount of rice obtained with help of technical efficiency improvements can also spur the average income of family to escape them from absolute...
Urosevic Milivoje1, Matejevic Milosava2*, Drobnjak Darko1 and Ozkanal Umit3
... of morphometric parameters are required in order to write an official breed standard and recognize this breed. Previous research on this sighthound breed has shown only average values of individual morphological parameters and differences in them depending on gender, age or place of origin. However, the premise of this research is that there are several different varieties of Tazi, depending on the proportions of the body. ...
Ghulam Akbar1*, Muhammad Anjum Zia1, Ali Ahmad2, Neha Arooj1 and Shahneela Nusrat1
...ow cost and efficacy. It’s a microbial origin enzyme produced especially by Streptococcus bacterial spp. Therefore, it is antigenic in nature due to microbial source which restricts its use. However, it is necessary to truncate antigenic regions present in the SK gene for the removal of streptokinase antigenicity. The basic goal of this research work is to highlight antigenic regions founded in streptokinase molecule and to give strategy to remove these ...
Faisal Hafeez, Asad Aslam*, Ayesha Iftikhar, Afifa Naeem, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar and Muhammad Jawad Saleem
...d by Chlorfenpyr both years. However, Acephate was ineffective to control jassid population. Moreover, the order of percentage population change/reduction is as under: Chlorfenpyr Thaimethoxam>Thiacloprid>Acephate. In addition to this, economic analysis of both years exhibited the similar descending order/trend in benefit cost ratio (BCR) as above. So the conservative strategies of using non-selective and conventional ...
Fazal Haq*, Asia Parveen, Safdar Hussain and Arshad Hussain
... is approached. The growers of the major crops were the targeted population and random sampling technique is used to select the sample. Self made questionnaires, filled through interviewed process from the random selected farmers were used as a tool for collecting primary data. The raw data is tabulated and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. The analyzed data is used to develop the mathematical model. Simplex method is applied ...
Aamir Mushtaq1,2, Rukhsana Anwar1 and Mobasher Ahmad1,2,*
...;">Considering Alzheimer’s disease a universal challenge, this study was planned to utilize the bio-constituents of Pimpinella anisum dried seeds to check the oxidative neuronal decay in brain parts. Methanolic extract of Pimpinella anisum (meP.a) dried seeds was explored qualitatively and quantitatively for analysis of phytoconstituents along with anti-oxidant activity. Anti-amnesic activity was found by...
Yan Xu1, Jia Zhou1, Guangfu Lv2, Yuexin Liu1, Xintong Zhao1, Xin Li1, Doudan Ye2, Xiaobo Qu1,* and Xiaowei Huang1*
...of various malignant tumors, but it is accompanied by severe body toxic reactions, especially cardiac toxicity. This article explores the effects of pilose antler peptide (PAP) on DOX-induced myocardial injury and related mechanisms through in vitro experiments. Different concentrations of DOX were used to treat H9c2 cells for 6, 12, 24, and 48 h, respectively, to determine the IC50. Different concentrations of PAP were treated to H9c2 cells for 24,...
Alicja Kowalczyk1, Marian Kuczaj2, Anna Szul3 and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska4*
...e of 3.5 ± 0.5 years were housed individually in pens. From each bull, two ejaculates were collected using an artificial vagina. Semen samples that showed more than 60% motility and 60% viability were selected for this experiment. To the four diluted samples were added 0µg/mL successively; 2µg/mL; 4µg/mL and 8µg/mL buserelin acetate (Buserelin® aniMedica, Poland). After equilibration, the straws were frozen in liquid nitrogen...
Ke Zhang1, Shuai Liu2, Qiu Chen1, Yu Wang1, Li Liu1, Bingjie Li1, Kai Ma1, Xiaoya Wei1, Aijun Li3 and Junyan Li2*
...ed for 2-DE, and the others were used to immunize mice to collect tick antiserum for WB. Then, 2-DE followed by WB and MALDI-TOF was carried out to screen and identify tick antigens. We identified 19 protein spots representing 12 ORFs: 4 from ticks and 8 from cattle. Among the the 4 ORFs, Tropomyosin, Elongation factor 1-alpha (EF-1α) and Protein Disulfide Isomerase-2 (PDI-2) have been reported as antigens and even vaccine candidate proteins in ticks or ...
Iqbal Javed1, Abdur Rehman2*, Iftikhar Nabi3, Amar Razzaq4, Raheel Saqib5, Allah Bakhsh6, Muhammad Mohibullah7 and Muhammad Luqman8
...impact of different factors on basmati export from Pakistan. For this purpose, panel data of eleven markets are collected from 2003 to 2016. Independent macroeconomics variables used in the study are exchange rate of Pakistan, exchange rates of trading partner, inflation in Pakistan, inflation in trading partner and dummy variables joint border and religion by application of Park’s Feasible Generalized Least Square (FG...
Imran Khan1, Muhammad Nawaz1,*, Aftab Ahmad Anjum1, Mansur-ud-Din Ahmad2, Adnan Mehmood1, Masood Rabbani1, Amina Mustafa1 and Muhammad Asad Ali1
...gut morphometric parameters (villus height, crypt depth and villus height to crypt depth ratio) were studied at day 35. Broiler administered with IKP23, IKP111 and IKP333 significantly improved villus height and villus height to crypt depth ratio as compared to positive control. D-xylose absorption was also enhanced in groups administered with probiotics. It is concluded that IKP23, IKP111 and IKP333 may improve gut morphometric paramete<...
Sajjad Ali1,*, M. Irfan Ullah2, Asif Sajjad1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed2, M. Aslam Farooqi1, M. Shahid Rizwan3, Qaiser Shakeel4, Sohail Akhter1,Muhammad Raheel4 and Muhammad Arshad2
...of herbivore insects alters with different host plants in terms of their physicomorphic attributes has been the subject of great interest with point of their integrated pest management. Helicoverpa armigera (Noctuidae; Lepidoptera) -being highly polyphagous- is the pest of many crops and exhibits high fecundity and migrating efficiency. The present study aimed to evaluate its physicomorphic responses towards different host plants. The highest larval and...
Asmaa Abdallah Darwish
...matory postpartum disorders group). Blood samples were collected from all ewes and vitamins concentrations were estimated in all groups. The results of this work demonstrated a significant (P< 0.05) decrease in vitamin E, A, D3 and C concentrations in inflammatory diseases groups, late pregnant groups and postpartum groups. Conclusion: antioxidant hypovitaminosis partially participate in different ovine diseases pathogenesis and complications and their supp...
Hui-Ying Chen1,2*, Ping-Chuan Yin1,2, Ya-Nan Lu1,2, Hai-Yun Li1,2*and Yang Shan3
...potential future biomarkers.
...
Lei Wang1, Lu Yang2, Lei Luo1, Yaqi Gao1*, Jian Gao1 and Ping Liu1
...pocheima cinerarius Ershoff (1874)populations from various geographic regions (southern and northern Xinjiang) based on morphological features, biological characteristics, and gene expression, thus providing a theoretical basis for the genetic manipulation of A. cinerarius. Illumina RNA-Seq was used to perform massive sequencing of 18 cDNA samples derived from male adults, female adults, and pupa of A. cinerarius in southern and northern Xinj...
Yuhong Li1, Dongxue Wu1, Xue Wang1, Mi Zhang1, Hanyu Zhu1, Zhe Shi1 and Fumin Feng1,2*
.... However, these indicators increased first and then slightly decreased in the R, Z and HRZ groups. Among them, the significant changes in the indicators of the HRZ group were earlier than those of other drug groups and the changes were most obvious. The mRNA and protein of IκB in each drug group showed a gradual decline. The NF-κB pathway is activated in different mouse models...
Riffat Sultana*, Nuzhat Soomro and Muhammad Saeed Wagan
... from Pakistan for the first time. Comparative information on the female genitalia of both species is provided. Further, a note on the ecology and distribution of both species is given. With the addition of O. kashmorensis and the new record of O. nitidula, the numbers of known species in genus Oxya is raised to 9 for Pakistan and 5 for Sindh. We further provide a key to the Oxya species from...
Sana Khan1, Raheela Taj1, Noor Rehman2, Asad Ullah3, Imad Khan3 and Sadeeq ur Rahman3,*
...ge group 21-40 years were found positive for C. freundii. Of the 130 isolates, 28 (21.53%) were ESBL producers comprised of 10 (35.71%) from males and 18(64.29%) from females with majority recovered from age group of 21–40 years (57.14%). Furthermore, 10(7.69%) isolates were metallo-β lactamase (MBL) producers containing 4(40%) f...
Shaista Abbas1,Imtiaz Rabbani1, Hafsa Zaneb2, M. Shahbaz Yousaf1, Saima Ashraf2, Abid Hussain Shahzad3, M. Afzal Rashid4 and Habib Rehman1,*
...ents and changes in dams’ metabolism. Yeast Supplementation has been found to increase the production performance and nutrient digestibility in ruminants. However, when compared with large ruminants there is scarcity of the data reporting the effects of dietary yeast in transition goats. Therefore, a trial was planned to elucidate the effects of various inclusion levels of live dried yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) on dry matter intake (DMI), bod...
Muhammad Saeed Imran1, Asim Aslam1*, Muhammad Yasin2, Tahir Yaqoob2 and Beenish Zahid3
...ening the protective titers in birds at 19 days post inoculation three week-old broilers were challenged with 10-5.76 and 10-6.03 EID50 dose of NDV and IBV, respectively. The hosts were divided into six groups of 35 birds each. These were groups A (NDV-challenged), B (IBV- challenged), C (NDV+IBV-challenged), D (IBV+NDV challenged), E (NDV and IBV- challenged) and F (negative control). Mild t...
Fermín López-Uriostegui1, Jesus T. Ponce-Palafox2*, Fabiola Lango-Reynoso1, María R. Castañeda-Chávez1, Itzel Galaviz-Villa1, Sergio Castillo-Vargasmachuca2 and Arturo Ruiz Luna3
...ry conditions. Sub-adult’s prawns (10.29 ± 0.27 g) were reared in these conditions for 72 days. Each experimental group contained 25 prawns in an approximately 100-L water capacity tank. The experimental design was factorial with three repetitions per treatment. Prawns were fed (commercial shrimp feed with 35% protein, 12% lipid) daily at a ratio of 10% body weight, twice a day (10:00 and 18:00 h). The optimal growth intervals were from 26 to 29&d...
Yue Qin Song, Hui Zhong Sun* and Jun Feng Dong
...small;">Olfactory receptors (ORs) in the dendritic membrane of olfactory cells are the key elements in the molecular recognition and discrimination of odorants. On the basis of female and male antennal transcriptomes of Yemma signatus adults, a total of 66 candidate Y. signatus olfactory receptor genes (YsigORs), including one olfactory co-receptor (Orco), were identified in this study. All the sequences were further validated by cloning and sequ...
Murtala Muhammad, Ting Zhang, Siyu Gong, Jing Bai, Jiansong Ju, Baohua Zhao* and Dong Liu*
...dy represents the first Report of S. iniae infection of Chinese sturgeon (Acipenser sinensis).
...
Sohail Ahmed1,*, Muhammad Waseem Saleem1, Abid Ali1, Muhammad Shahid Nisar2, Rashad Rasool Khan1 and Abdul Rashid3
...deliberate use of predators may be expensive for the management of thrips on Bt cotton.
...
Muhammad Anwarullah1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Muhammad Ijaz1, Aftab Ahmad Anjum2, Ghulam Mustafa3, Muhammad Husnain1 and Muhammad Usman1
...font-size: small;">Johne’s disease has its economic importance worldwide because of heavy treatment cost and poor outcomes. This study is conducted on experimentally challenged rabbits to observe the efficacy of amikacin and cinnamon. A total of 40 SPF (specific pathogen free) rabbits were selected at the age of two months. Rabbits were given experimental challenge with oral inoculum of pure culture of MAP. These rabbits were divided into four groups; th...
Ghulam Mohi Uddin Paracha* and Yasser Durrani
...nded pulp of peach and persimmon. Effect of preservatives on physico-chemical parameters (total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, total phenolic compounds, ascorbic acid content and antioxidant activity) and sensory evaluation of blends was carried out. The treatments in this study included BPo [peach persimmon blend (6:4)], BP1 [peach persimmon bl...
Bala Gambo Jahun1,2*, Muhammad Yamin2,3, Desa Bin Ahmad2, Muhammad Razif Mahdi2, Shamsuddin Suleiman4 and Salihu Ahmad Abdulkadir5
...ifting angles of mulcher’s blades affect the mulching depth and may damage the shallow roots of oil palms. This study investigates the influence of blade lifting angles, tractor’s forward speed and tractor’s PTO speed in predicting mulching depth. Four blades with lifting angles of 0°, 60°, 120°, and 150°; 02 tractor&rsq...
Anila Latif, Zaheer Abbas, Farhatullah and Ghulam Muhammad Ali*
...ion was confirmed by Reverse Transcriptase PCR. Whole plant bioassay confirmed 100% mortality in DBM within 72 hours. The present investigation concludes that the metabolic engineering of berberine in plants is an effective strategy to protect plants from herbivorous insects and this pathway should further be evaluated for possible application in agriculture. ...
Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar1, Waqas Raza1*, Waqas Wakil2,3, Imtiaz Hussain4 and Misbah Iqbal Qamar1
...nts with chemical elicitors can induce systemic resistance against plant pathogens and insect herbivores. The plan of the study was to study induction of defense responses and protective effects against Phytophthora infestans (Mont.) de Bary and sucking insect pests of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) with application of salicylic acid (SA) and β-aminobutyric acid (BABA). Concentration of SA and BABA (2, 4 and 5 mM) were applied to foliage. Application of bo...
Hasnain Alam1*, Jabar Zaman Khan Khattak1 and Taoufik Saleh Ksiksi2
... this S. italica was adversely affected by PEG as compared to NaCl. Decreasing OL also decreased the GP of S. italica. T. apollinea and T. mandavillei were found to be resistant to both iso-osmotic conditions of PEG and NaCl. However, GP of T. apollinea and T. mandavillei decreased with decreasing OL. T. apollinea and T. mandavillei stood out as the best under both induced salt and drought stress at the germination stages. It is concluded that all four-selecte...
Ahmad Kiani1*, Shapour Zarifian1, Hosein Kouhestani1 and Hosein Karimzadeh2
... rural industries and it’s so important in Iran because of major potential of agriculture in Iran and also other developing countries. According to the statistics in Tehran province by the end of 2013 about 135 units of Agricultural industries were active but there is still the gap between urban regions and rural regions and many immigrants from rural regions to urban regions have been recorded. So, this research tries to prioritize the criteria of estab...
H. Liu1, X.P. Tang1, R.J. Fang1,*, F.Yi2, C. Zhang2, R.Q. Yang1, F. Sun1 and S.Y. Zhou1
...erum biochemical parameters (Cu-Zn SOD activity) and diarrhea incidence were measured in the 2-phase feeding program (1-14 d, 15-42 d). Results showed that: compared with the control diets, 1) Diets supplemented with Av-Cu or CuSO4 did not affect the average daily feed intake (ADFI) of weaned piglets; supplementing the diet with Av-Cu, the average daily gain (ADG) was linearly increased (P < 0.05), and the feed convers
Xiuqing Hao1, Zhe Hong2, Huili Gao1, Fumin Tian1, Hongke Zhang3, Yu Zhou3, Yuming Guo3, Guang Yang1,* and Bingyao Chen1,*
...l generated the seabirds’ density of 11.47 (95% confidence interval 6.90-19.05) individuals/km2 and 1.94 (1.27 - 2.95) individuals/km2, respectively in Beihai and Shatian. The coefficient of variation value of 20.42% and 25.43% showed moderate accuracy. The Beihai and Shatian seabird communities had similar fixed kernel home range. Seabirds’ distribution largely overlapped with various vesse...
Rabia Saeed1, Muhammad Naveed1, Muhammad Razaq2*, Muhammad Rafiq1, Muhammad Tahir Jan1, Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah1, Shabana Wazir1 and Fahad Munir3
...ercus and other members of the pyrrhocoridan family. In the present annotation, we record for the first time A. coquebertii in cotton growing areas of Dera Isamil Khan, Muzafar Garh and Multan districts, Pakistan.
...
Khayyam1*, Muhammad Zahid1, Naiz Ali2 and Qadeem Khan3
...tients 50 were Hashimoto’s thyroiditis patients (HT) (30 female, mean age=34±1.43 years, 20 males mean age =38.35±1.17 years) and control group included 35 individuals (20 females mean age=31.65±1.77years, 15 males mean age=37.93±2.561 years). The 32 Grave&rs
Shaheen Rahman1, Kafeel Ahmad1*, Niaz Ali2, Muhammad Idrees3 and Waqar Ali4
...arm of Agricultural University Peshawar, Pakistan. Soil samples were processed for the isolation of A. tumefaciens. Various biochemical and morphological tests were conducted to confirm the identity of A. tumefaciens. The pathogenicity of the isolates was confirmed by in vitro carrot and potato discs inoculation assays. A total of seven strains of A. tumefaciens were isolated on yeast extract mannitol agar (YEMA) medium. The isolated strai...
Tehreem Usman1, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique3 and Qaisra Siddique1
... and response of biomarkers depends on the type of toxicants and exposure duration.
...
Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Abdul Majid Khan1*, Saliha Khalid1, Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,2, Ayesha Iqbal1, Muhammad Ameen1
...achyportax. The members of both genera have medium to large sized body with strong hypsodonty of teeth representing grazing on coarse grasses and shrubs in the Late Miocene Siwalik habitats of Potwar Plateau. At the apex of molar, crown is narrow and represents selenodonty in Selenoportax, while a broader crown in Pachyportax which indicates strong hypsodonty. The present sample add valuable information on ...
Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Imran Bodlah1*, Ammara Gull e Fareen1,2, Muhammad Shakeel Khokhar1
...ntries of Pakistan. Members of this genus are considered as generalized foragers and cryptic in nature. Collected material was verified using most recent and available literature provided by Bharti and Akbar (2014). Herein we report one species of this genus C. raja (Forel, 1902) based on queen for the firs...
Dil Afroza Khanom1, Amirun Nesa1, Muhammad Abu Sayed Jewel1, Muhammad Ayenuddin Haque1, Alok Kumar Paul1, Sonia Iqbal2, Usman Atique2,3*, Lubna Alam4
...nic threat to the consumers. In conclusion, this study provides useful insights into the identification of potential risks of these commercially valuable fishes to the continuous consumption of fish flesh originating from a contaminated water body may lead to heavy metals toxicity leading to mental retardation, kidney tissue damages, cancerous cell growth, and even death in case of chronic exposure.
Afzal Nimra1, Zulfiqar Ali1*, Safdar Sidra 2, Rida Ahmad1
...ead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As) and nickel (Ni) were evaluated in the Orthopaedic Operation Theater (OOT), Orthopaedic Wards (OW) and Orthopaedic Emergency Rooms (OER) of six hospitals, in Lahore, Pakistan. Overall, the average levels of Cd, As and Ni (31, 20, and 37 ng/m3) were lower indoors as compared to outdoors (39, 21, and 51 ng/m3) except Pb. The high indo...
Abid Khan*, Mukhtar Alam and Yousaf Jamal
...organic and bio-fertilizers. The current experiments were conducted on “Effect of bio-priming, organic and inorganic nitrogen sources and beneficial microorganisms on growth and biochemical traits of wheat” for two years at Agricultural Research Station Buner, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The experiments were laid out using three factors factorial Randomized Complete Block Des...
Arshad Farooq1*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan2, Abdul Hassan1, Muhammad Ishaq3 and Asif Nawaz2
...d the influences of farmers’ characteristics on knowledge gap of sugarcane recommended production management practices in the research area. Data were collected personally through face to face interview schedule from 285 sample respondents randomly selected from eight villages of the eight selected union councils. The empirical results indicated that farmers<...
Muhammad Younis1, Shahen Shah1*, Inamullah1, Rozina Gul2, Arshad Jalal1, Farhan Khalil1, Iqbal Hussain1 and Muhammad Adnan Fahad3
...te and improper fertilizers management. Among the various factors influencing crop production, phosphorus (P) and sulphur (S) boost its yield and quality. A field trial was conducted in summer 2012 using phosphorus @ of 0, 25, 50 and 75 kg ha‑1 and sulphur @ of 0, 15, 30 and 45 kg ha‑1, respectively on the yield contributing parameters of sesame. Pods plant‑1, grain yield, plant heig...
Muhammad Salim1*, Ayhan Gökçe1, Muhammad Nadir Naqqash1 and Orkun Ersoy2
...500 and 2000 mg/Kg. Conversely, the highest number of adults emerged at a dosage of 100 mg/Kg and in the control, i.e. 114.67±7.42 and 143.33±11.66 adults, respectively. The present study proposed that DE might potentially be effective in controlling S. granarius based on its ability to cause desiccation to the insects’ protective cuticular wax layer. In order to develop environmentally sound control prog...
Filza Fatima Rizvi1, Muhammad Umair1, Muhammad Kahlid Jamil2*, Masooma Hassan2, Komal Qayyum1 and Syed Mohsin Raza Kazmi3
...cation in different sectors for example Agriculture. Oil, gas and coal. The same is true for Pakistan that has agriculture based economy. The present study was undertaken to review energy consumption in the agriculture sector of Pothohar region of Pakistan. This region has no proper irrigation system due to its topography. Additionally, potential of renewable energy in Pothohar region that includes solar, wind and biogas has been calculated from the data, take...
Gulnaz Parveen1*, Salma Gul2, Muhammad Ather Rafi3, Ashfaq Ali Khattak4 and Hikmatullah Jan5
...ato plant. Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum) plant is highly susceptible to root rotting fungi causing huge losses each year in Pakistan. Acacia nilotica used as a biofertilizer and Significant (p< 0.05) enhanced the growth of tomato plants. Infection % of all test fungi included Fusarium solani, Fusarium oxysporum, Macrophomina phaseolina and Rhizoctonia solani was significantly controlled by leaf powder (LP) and shoot powder (ShP) when applied alone and wi...
Muhammad Ali1*, Norsida Man2, Farrah Melissa Muharam2 and Siti Zobidah Omar3
... was to examine the factors influencing behavioral intention of farmers to use ICTs for agricultural risk management. The past research reveals that many researchers had tried to determine factors affecting behavioural intentions of the respondents and TPB has been applied as technology acceptance model in various contexts. However, predicting behavioral...
Samman Gul Vaseer1, Muhammad Rasheed1*, Muhammad Ansar1, Yamin Bibi2, Saqlain Shah1, Asma Hassan1, Lubna Ayub Durani1, Muhmmad Asif3 and Zuhair Husnain1
...img src="http://researcherslinks.com/snf_administrator/FCKeditor/editor/images/spacer.gif" class="TB_Button_Image" style="background-position: 0px -512px; background-image: url("http://researcherslinks.com/snf_administrator/FCKeditor/editor/skins/default/fck_strip.gif");" alt="" /> conducted to evaluate the effect of Co on inoculation slurry treated seeds of mung bean (Vigna radiata L.) to observe the yield an...
Bilal Saeed Khan1*, Muhammad Afzal2, Muhammad Asif Qayyoum1, Imran Ali3 and Abdul Ghaffar3
...are well known as predators against phytophagous mites, lepidopterous eggs and bodies of small soft insects. A random survey was conducted to explore the predatory mite fauna from Punjab, Pakistan. The holotype female (male unknown) of the new mite species Pseudostigmaeus sorghumus sp. nov was collected from city Dera Ghazi Khan on Sorghum bicolor (L.) and described. Fifteen paratypes were also collected from same collection data and seven were from Muzaffarga...
Aurang Zeb, Abdur Rab and Shujaat Ali*
...range” at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar in 2016. Complete Randomized Design and three replications were used. Sweet orange was collected from four different locations i.e. location-1 (Torwarsak, Buner), location-2 (Rabat, Lower Dir), location-3 (Wartair, Malakand) and location-4 (Palai, Malakand) stored up to 48 days at room temperature, Data was recorded after 12 days of intervals. All the studied paramet...
Shah Nawaz Khuhro1*, Irshad Ali Junejo1, Muhammad Haroon Hullio1, Sultan Ahmed Maitlo2, Javeed Shabir Daar3 and Shahjahan Rajput1
...een colour and pink colours were used to monitor the movement of whitefly and the number of whitefly catches at traps on different observations on brinjal. Results of field trials confirmed that yellow sticky trap attracted more number of whiteflies as compared to the green, pink and light green, so yellow color traps may be used in methods of insect population monitoring. The other colors were less attractant so this study ...
Shah Nawaz Khuhro1*, Irshad Ali Junejo1, Muhammad Haroon Hullio1, Mohammad Farooque Hassan2, Sultan Ahmed Maitlo3 and Mukhtiar Ahmed Shaikh4
...on by the vegetable growers in Dadu canal irrigated area carried out on targeted vegetable farmers in three Districts Shikarpur, Larkana, and Dadu of northern Sindh, Pakistan. The effect of pesticides on human health and the environment is a main public health issue in Pakistan. These negative effects of pesticides can be minimized by awareness to the growers focusing more on alternative m...
Md. Zubael Islam, Rukhsana Amin Runa and Md. Mahmudul Alam*
...o foot diseases the farmers face a considerable amount of economic loss. The study was carried out to determine the prevalence of foot diseases in cattle and also to explore the risk factors having a promoting role in developing foot affections in three unions (Potazia, Jalalpur, and Kaijuri) of Shahjadpur Upazila. Foot affections were physically investigated and examined from May to October 2019 and a total of 257 surgical ...
Mian Adnan Kakakhel1, Faryal Gohar1, Zahid Anwar2, Raza Ullah1, Muhammad Attaullah3, Shahbaz Ahmad4, Aamir Khan5, Kalimullah5*
...ain associated risk factors related with T. gondii exposure to this region. A total of a hundred number of blood samples (72 males and 28 females) were collected from Peshawar, Pakistan. The serum samples were analyzed for IgG and IgM by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and statistical analysis carried out. Out of these tested samples, 20% were positive for both...
Muhammad Iqbal1, Sami Ul-Allah2*, Muhammad Naeem1, Muhammad Ijaz2 and Muhammad Qadir Ahmad3
...land cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) cultivars for some physical (seed weight, seed surface area and seed density) and biochemical (seed oil contents) seed traits. The study determined the effects of water stress on genetic variability of root and shoot traits and association of the seed traits with seedling vigor. 15 cotton cultivars were studied at two levels of irrigation during 2014-15. Re...
Ayesha Zafar1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Muhammad Sarfraz2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sher Muhammad3 and Ghulam Murtaza1
...50 % yield reduction occurs at ECe 5.9 dSm-1 and ESP value of 25-30. A field experiment was conducted on saline sodic soils to determine fertilizer requirement of linseed. The selected field was saline sodic in nature with pH value 8.57, medium in extractable K and scarce in P and organic matter. The selected field was sandy loam having 70% sand, 18% silt and 12% clay. The soil was prepared, leveled, and crop was sown with seed rate of 7.5 kg ha-1. Treatments ...
Ghani Akbar
... and farm operation sectors in Malakand division. The study illustrated the potential for agricultural improvement, explored key issues and identified strategies and recommendations for agriculture sustainability and improved food security that may lead to better livelihood in Malakand division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP). ...
Application of MATLAB for Designing and Simulation of High-Efficiency Center Pivot Irrigation System
Filza Fatima Rizvi1*, Waqar khan2, Syed Mohsin Raza Kazmi3 and Muhammad Umer4
...tify;">Almost 5000 Glaciers of Pakistan are retreating. They are retreating faster than any other part of the World. Water availability per capita in Pakistan is dropping very alarmingly. Against a dismal supply of 191 million-acre feet, the demand for water is projected to escalate to 274 MAF by 2025, culminating into a deficit of 83 MAF. Pakistan has the world’s fourth-highest rate of water use and is already the thi...
Muhammad Jan1*, Safdar Hussain2, Muhammad Anwar ul Haq3, Javed Iqbal4, Ilyas Ahmad4, Muhammad Aslam4 and Aiman Faiz3
...e and many of the cultivars were introduced and evolved. But the fiber quality and seed cotton yield up to now till is poor in quality as compared to other developed countries. A judicious combination of manures and fertilizers depending upon the availability, the type of the soil and crops to be grown would not only maximize the crop production and improve the quality of agricultural products but would also maintain the fer...
Muhammad Mohibullah1*, Mehran1, Sundas Batool1, Muhammad Amin1, Zakiullah1, Muhammad Ilyas2, Irfanullah1, Abdur Rehman1 and Sardar Ali3
...nd yield related parameters in desi Cicer arietinum L. genotypes atAgriculture Research Institute, D. I. Khan, Pakistan. Sixteen chickpea genotypes including 14 accessions along with 2 check varieties (Bhakkar-2011 and Bittle-2016) were grown and evaluated according to (RCB) design in three blocks. High variation were noted in the chickpea germplasmsin days to germination, days to 50% flowering, seeds per pod,1st branches plant-1, ...
Noor Islam1*, Rashid Mahmood1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Sarfaraz Ahmad2 and Saleem Abid3
... (soybean flour + brewer’s yeast + powdered sugar + sugar syrup), diet 2 (soybean flour + brewer’s yeast + powdered sugar + Fenugreek and Turmeric powders + honey + orange juice + A, D and E vitamins + sugar syrup), diet 3 (maize flour + brewer’s yeast + powdered sugar + sugar syrup), diet 4 (maize flour + brewer&<...
Wajiha Anum1*, Liaquat Ali1, Umair Riaz2*, Abid Ali1, Nadia Manzoor3, Laal Hussain Akhter4, Asad Ur Rahman5, Naeem Maan6 and Ijaz Ahmad7
...st application of P at first irrigation. Yield and yield determining parameters were measured along with phosphorus stress factor, agronomic P use efficiency, and economic analysis. The results revealed that the band placement method gave the highest yield in comparison to the broadcast at sowing and broadcast at first irrigation. The best P fertilizer rate was identified as 150-120-60 NPK...
Muhammad Rasheed1*, Zafar Ullah1, Muhammad Ansar1, Asma Hassan1, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz2, Muhammad Hussain Shah4 and Muhammad Arshadullah3
...e highest number of tillers plant-1 (11) for Oats was recorded in oats-vetch mixture under conventional tillage (CT) while comparing minimum tillage (MT) to zero tillage (ZT) 43 percent higher yield of oats was obtained under MT. The impact of cereal legume mixture on forage yield was optimistic. In economic analysis MT depicted the highest net benefit per hectare over both other tillage systems that are conventional and zero-tillage with values of 632.87 $ ha...
Neelam Pery*, Nayab Batool Rizvi, Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq
... last two decades. The persistent monopoly of the conventional disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drugs over the drug platform has been taken over by a number of biologics including TNFα inhibitors, IL-1 inhibitors, IL-6 inhibitors
Majeeda Rasheed1*, Tanveer Akhtar1, Nadia Mukhtar2, Muhammad Furqan Shahid2, Muhammad Imran3, Saima Yaqub2
...uate potential risk factors involved in the transmission of PPR disease in four distinct locations of GB province. We reported occurrence and risk factor analysis of PPR in small ruminants (n=1000) originating from different places in district Gilgit using Hem agglutination Inhibition (HI) test followed by risk analysis through Open-Epi software. Serum samples including goats n=500 and sheep n=500 were collected from different herds situated at Naltar lake, Ta...
Hina Nazli, Abida Butt*
...nsect pests, many predators of these pests are also present in crops and affected by these management activities. Spiders are the most abundant predators of insect pests in the agroecosystem. The present study was designed to assess and compare acute and residual toxicity of two insecticides i.e Spiromesifen and Thiamethoxam on the lynx spider Oxyopes javanus Thorell, 1887 un...
Fehmina Ashraf1*, Muhammad Irfan2, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Shaukat Ali3, Muhammad Khan1
...Both laccases and mediators have been used in different process like delignification of pulp. Laccases from bacterial species are used in dye decolouration and biobleaching processes. This review article describes the whole overview of laccases.
...
Ayesha Iqbal1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Abdul Majid Khan1*, Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Ayesha Iqbal1, Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,2, Muhammad Ameen1
...al direction and curve dorsally. The estimation of suid’s ages was based on third molar eruption. The fifty-one craniometric and twenty mandibular measurements were carried out on the adult male skull and data derived from analysis of our sample was compared with previously reported data of European and Japanese wild boar. As a result of comparison of the different craniometric and mandibular paramete
Zubair Aslam and Ali Ahmad*
...ea and chemical fertilizers. With the objective to combat the nutrients deficiency, an experiment was conducted in Riverm Kompost Vermikompost Tarım Hay. Mak. San. ve Ltd. Şti. Suleymanpasa, Tekirdag, Turkey under field conditions. In field four different states of fertilizers [F0: Control (No fertilizer application); Fvc: Solid vermicompost @ 5 ton/ha; Fvt: vermi-tea @ 6 %; Fc: Chemical fertilizer...
Korkmaz Bellitürk1, Zubair Aslam2, Ali Ahmad2* and Sami ur Rehman2
...ury and chromium parameters were evaluated. The experimental design was Complete Randomized Design (CRD). The data obtained was investigated at 1% probability and Least Significant Difference (LSD) test was used to segregate the significant means. The outcomes showed that percentages of EC, C:N ratio, heavy metals and organic matter decreased in vermicompost as compared to raw material while the proportion of pH, Ca, Mg, Fe, S, N, P, K increased in vermicompos...
Anurag Sharma*, Naresh Kumar, Geetanjali Singh and Anika Sharma
...ce-poor smallholder farmers. This article is a review of present literature data of Fenugreek and Giloy as potential nutraceuticals and galactagogue in animal husbandry. Both these herbs are known to have pharmacological effects which include hypoglycemic, hypo-lipidemic, antidiabetic, hepato-protective, anti-carcinogenic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antifungal and galactagogue activity. The commercially available drugs pose health threats and prove detr...
Hassan Boulahyaoui1,2*, Sanaa Alaoui Amine1,3, Marouane Melloul4, Farida Hilali5, Elmostafa El-Fahime1,3, Saad Mrani1,2 and Nadia Touil1,5*
...he post vaccine era appears to be necessary in order to identify unusual rotavirus strains that might not be fully contrasted by current vaccines. ...
Olotu Titilayo Mabel*, Adeosun Idowu Jesulayomi, Kaka Mary Oluwatosin and Oladipo Elijah Kolawole
... using the Stanford University HIV Drug Resistance Database. Our results revealed that Kenyan strain (SN-042062), Ugandan strain (DR138-13), Sudanese strain (G-01035) and Nigerian strain (NGA-INF-2016-618) have similar branch length. The susceptibility percentage for each antiviral drug ranged from 82.35% (Tenofovir) to 64.70% (Rilpivirine) while and resistance percentage ranged from 35.29% (Rilpivirine) to 23.52% (Nevirapine). In conclusions, HIV isolates fro...
Zia-Ur-Rehman1, Faisal Sohail Fateh2*, Humayun Saleem1 and Muhammad Abu Bakar Siddique1
...ustify;">Peach (Prunus persica L.) after plum is a major stone fruit in Pakistan. It belongs to the Rosaceae family. In Pakistan, peach with production of 72536 tonnes is grown on an area of 14350 hectares. A variety of diseases infect the peach tree. Among these diseases, brown rot disease is very important that reduces yields primarily by decaying the fruits on the tree and after harvest. A preliminary study was designed to see the prevalence,...
Nasrullah1*, Ahmad Nawaz Khoso1, Jamila Soomro2, Ilahi Bakhash Marghazani1, Masood-ul-Haq Kakar1, Abdul Hameed Baloch1, Sarfaraz Ahmed Brohi1 and Muhammad Asif Arain1*
...er compare to other fodders. The digestibility of various nutrients such as CP, NDF and ADF were significantly higher (P<0.05) in sheep compared to goat. Daily weight gain, feed efficiency and cost of production were recorded similar in both species. Conclusively, both species of small ruminants showed significant weight gain and different feeding behavior of the consumption of various summer fodders. ...
Joseph Anejo-Okopi1*, Ocheme Julius Okojokwu1 and Onyemocho Audu2
...iller, fueled by many years of inertia from government and stakeholders. Treatment of chronic HCV infection has the potential to influence the 2030 elimination target due to the increasing availability of effective pangenotypic antiviral DAAs. Understanding the extent of HCV genetic diversity is important for treatment and development of vaccine. Among t...
Muhammad Abu Bakar Siddique1, Faisal Sohail Fateh2*, Zia-Ur-Rehman1 and Humayun Saleem1
...uality of potato and lowers its market value. A preliminarily a study was designed to see the prevalence, incidence and severity of black scurf disease in the markets of Federal Territories of Islamabad to estimate the intensity of the disease by calculating the disease index. Maximum disease index was observed in Abpara and F-10 markets i.e. 21.11% with varying disease incidence and severity percentage. However, the presence of black scurf disease in the mark...
Naseem Zahra1* and Shajia Jabeen2
...ity in half of the world’s population. Brown rice is unrefined, coarse and unpolished whole grain rice which is directly obtained by removing only husk. In Brown rice, the embryo may or may not be left undamaged depending upon the hulling process. Brown rice may become white rice when the bran layer is exposed of in the milling process. In present era where diseases are common and people are in search of nutritious die...
Hafiz Abdul Ghafoor1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Luqman2, Muhammad Arshad Javed2, Syed Wasim Hasan3 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1
...@ 1x108 conidia mL-1). First experiment was conducted in March 2016 and 2nd was performed from November 2016 to March 2017 in a citrus (Citrus reticulata cv. kinnow mandarin) orchard. In first year field experiment, there was a significant impact of all treatments on the reduction of mealybug infestation (F9, 39 = 39.10, P < 0.001; HSD at α = 0.05) as compared to control plants. Results of 2nd experiment also clearl...
Jawad Ali Jan1, Ghulam Nabi1, Maqsood Khan1,2*, Shehzad Ahmad1, Peer Sikandar Shah1, Saddam Hussain1 and Sehrish1
...ng summer 2016. Two factors i.e. Chilli varieties (Magma and High fly) and humic acid levels (0, 25, 50, 75 and 100 g L-1) were applied in the field during experiment. The results of the experiment showed that High fly variety took minimum days to produce flowering (33 days), maximum numbers of leaves plant-1 (208.93), plant height (42.27 cm), stem diameter (1.60 cm), number of fruit plant-1 (52.53), yield plant-1 (184.61 g)...
Muhammad Usman Asif1*, Sadam Hussain Soomro2, Raza Muhammad1, Sikandar Ali Soomro2
...ose (400 ml) after 24 hours of application followed by Voliam Flexi 300 SC causing 66.66 % and 75% mortality on its recommended (80 ml) and high dose (160 ml), respectively. After 72 hours, 83.33% mortality was observed in Voliam Flexi on its recommended dose whereas percent mortality was reached to 100% on its high dose. Uniron 10 EC was also found effective and statistically at par with Voliam Flexi 300 SC causing 100 % mo...
Yasir Iftikhar1, Mustansar Mubeen1,2*, Waqas Raza1, Qaiser Shakeel3, Waseem Abbas1, Shehzad Iqbal1 and Ashara Sajid1
..., and environmental factors are normally used to monitor the disease severity as these factors are interconnected. In the present study, ten potato varieties viz., FSD white, FD 8-1, FD 71-1, Tota 704, Kuruda, FD 74-41, FD 76-24, SH 216-A, N 96-25 and FD 74-50 were evaluated against PLRV. The range of disease incidence was from 15.93% to 64.58%. Moreover, susceptible reaction was observed in five varieties (FD 71-1, Tota-704...
Muhammad Raheel Faiz1, Ijaz Ashraf1, Haq Nawaz2, Muhammad Zubair3*, Muhammad Sajid Mahmood4, Sajid Hussain5 and Abdul Qadeer2
...ed by the vegetable growers. Therefore, the present study was designed to identify and prioritize the production, protection and marketing problems faced by the vegetable growers for suggesting possible solutions. Faisalabad Sadar Tehsil was selected as a study area where the vegetables are intensively grown by the farmers. There were total 58 rural union councils in Faisalabad Sadar, out ...
Khalid Khan1, Marguerite Wotto2, Saima Liaqat3, Gulawar Khan1, Balach Rasheed1, Sara Rafiq4 and Guo Xiangyu5*
... one hundred tomato growers. Multi-stage random sampling technique was used for selection of the farmers. The Cobb-Douglas production function was used to estimate the technical efficiency and performance of the farmers. The study results disclosed that all explanatory variables have a positive impact on the farmers&rs...
Hafiz Muhammad Imran Javed* and Mushtaq Ahmed
... the select genetic markers of the vaccine and field strains originating from the field outbreaks for phylogenetic analysis, nucleotide and deduced amino acid sequence analyses, and a comparison of three-dimensional protein structures. The N gene ORF was 1578 nucleotide long with a single open reading frame encoding 526 amino acids. Similarly, the ORF of F gene was 1641 nucleotide long which encoded 547 amino acids. Upon phylogenetic analysis of the country is...
Paul Oludare Adetunji* and Safiriyu Idowu Ola
...to helping both the farmers and breeders in selecting the best performing variety for rearing and further genetic improvement. Eighteen cockerels of three plumage colours (brown, black and barred) were divided into 2 replicates with 3 birds per replicate. The study lasted for 38 weeks (Feb.-Nov., 2019). Data were taken on the onset of puberty parameters ...
Pravin Mishra1, Md. Muket Mahmud2, Md. Ahosanul Haque Shahid2, Alamgir Hasan2, Vivek Kumar Yadav3 and Moinul Hasan1*
...imals. A two and half years old indigenous calf brought with myiasis wound and bacteria associated with myiasis wound was studied and further molecular detection confirms the presence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus from the outer part of the wound but not from the inner part. The study helps and aware the veterinarians, health-workers, and general people regarding the situation of antibiotic resistance. As ma...
Imad Hassan1, Bilal-ur-Rehman2, Muhammad Amir2, Faheem Ali2*, Salman Ilahi2 and Amjad Ali3
...trial processes and boilers. This research proposes the development of a cost effective, simple and compact ESP, through practical installation and efficiency analysis. Experimental evaluation of the proposed ESP design is carried out for the removal of particulate matter from a biomass combustor. The results shown in this paper are promising and exhibit that a simple solution can achieve above 90% efficiency. The average particulate collection efficiency of o...
Amjad Ali1, Awais Salman1, Gul Daraz Khan1, Aftab Ahmad Khan2, Sher Shah Hassan2*, Muhammad Arif Goheer2, Mahmood Alam Khan3 and Sajjad Ahmed3
...arm situated at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with a split-plot arrangement, using three replications. Irrigation levels (i.e. I1 (100%), I2 (90%), I3 (80%) and I4 (70%)) were used as main plot factor and two sowing dates i.e sowing date one (SD1) and sowing date two (SD2) were used as sub-plot factor. The soil moisture contents were determined through the gravimetric method. Results ...
Rana Shahzad Noor1,2*, Fiaz Hussain2, Muhammad Umair2, Waqas Aslam2, Muhammad Ameen4, Muhammad Adnan Islam3 and Muhammad Sheraz2
...rtheast Agriculture University, Harbin in 2018 and 2019 crop years with three replications according to complete randomized design (CRD). The main objective of this research was to investigate the effect of four soil tillage systems on main crop peanut and wheat + second crop peanut in order to evaluate crop yield, fuel consumption and to perform economic analysis. Two years study results ...
Salman Khan, Irfan Ullah*, Shahid Ali and Murtaza
... rent (Rs.15890) and labors having an estimated cost of Rs. 14965 respectively. The analysis showed that on average per acre yield of potato was recorded as 4,953.35 kg with net revenue of Rs. 28,261.89. The results of the Cobb-Douglas type production function revealed that the coefficients of seed, labor, tractor, urea and chemicals were positive and statistically significant having elasticities of 0.211, 0.110, 0.103, 0.073 and 0.064, respectively. The study...
Abdus Salam* and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
...among relevant stakeholders. The existing extension and communication strategies used in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province have many limitations. The present study was thus conducted to compare and analyze the farmers’ perceptions regarding use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in agriculture extension at three selected districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Based on the multi-...
Javed Iqbal1, Ali Zohaib1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Adnan Bashir1, Muhammad Hamza2, Wardah Muzaffer3, Muhammad Tahir Latif1 and Naeem Faisal1
...ent varieties. This 3-years study was conducted to determine the optimum seed rate for different varieties of ridge sown wheat for better yield and related components. Wheat varieties (Faisalabad-08, Punjab-11 and Galaxy-13) were sown on ridges using two different seed rates (125 and 150 kg ha-1). Increase in seed rate improved the emergence (plants per m2), number of productive tillers per m2 and grain yield (3-7%) of all w...
Ehsan-Ul-Haque1, Akbar Hayat1*, Muhammad Asim1, Sajjad Hussain2, Muhammad Shakeel Hanif3, Muhammad Zubair1, Muhammad Abdullah Jamil1 and Faheem Khadija1
... and acidity showed conversely increasing and decreasing trends respectively in both type of fruits with extension of storage period. Willow leaf proved as a close second with respect to various aspects of quality and nutritional value during the fresh fruit analysis undertook prior to storage. Kinnow and Willow leaf didn’t differ significantly in juice percentage (46.33 and 43.16), total soluble solids (TSS) (11.20and...
Kajol, A. H. Bhat, Aasha and A. K. Chaubey
Biochemical and molecular characterization of Photorhabdus akhurstii associated with Heterorhabditis indica from Meerut, India
...fied as Photorhabdus akhurstii based on phenotypic, biochemical and 16S rDNA data. Most of the biochemical tests were negative and only three tests were found positive viz., Urease, Nitrogen reduction and Oxidase. Further, we evaluated its pathogenicity against Galleria mellonella and Helicoverpa armigera. The LD50 value of strain DH3 against G. mellonella larvae at 48 hours was 8 IJs/larva for 50% larval mortality whereas i...
A.N. Ashfaque1, F. Shahina1 and S. Dawar2
Diversity of nematode fauna associated with cotton fields of high temperature areas of Sindh, Pakistan
...ext-align: justify;">Diversity of nematode fauna in relation to their occurrence in high temperature cotton growing areas of Sindh by using Euclidean distance has been estimated. The fauna obtained in June2017 and June 2018 surveys of cotton fields of five Districts Sanghar, Mirpurkhas, Umerkot, Mitiari and Tando Allah Yar of Sindh where temperature in May to July raised up to 40ºC -50ºC.The data was subjected to construct the dendrogram for interpre...
S. Ahmed† , L. Yue, Q. Liu and H. Jian
Evaluation of media for mass production and fermentation of Pseudomonas spp. for integrated management of cereal cyst nematode (Heterodera avenae)
...monas spp., after 100 hours (4days). The bacterial culture filtrates produced during fermentation in different media compositions showed varied results on the bioassay against the second stage juvenile mortality (J2) of H. avenae. The culture filtrates formed in media No.8 (Corn flour 17g/L, Glucose 10g/L, Soybean Cake Powder 25g/L, Maltose 10g/L, Yeast Extract 5g/L) and media No.5 (Corn flour 5g/L, Yeast Extract 1.5g/L, Fish Peptone 2.5g/L, Soybean Cake Powde...
U. A. Al-Karim, A. A. Alshimaysawe, A. E. Mohammed† , W. A. R. Aljaafri and F. A. Al-Fadhal
Evaluation of biological seed treatments for management of Rotylenchulus reniformis on cotton
...sp., suppressed the numbers of R. reniformis eggs significantly. Seeds treated with Abamectin and bacteria had fewer vermiform adults in the soil in comparison with the non-treated seeds. The bacteria and Burkholderia spp., seeds treatments drastically suppressed the number of eggs isolated from cotton roots compared with the non-treated control. Abamectin also inhibited the number of vermiform life-stages found in the soil as compared to the nontreated contro...
H. Soofi†1 , N. A. Birmani1 , A. M. Dharejo1 , A. R. Abbasi2 , G. S. Ghachal1
Description of new nematode species Rhabdochona (Rhabdochona) sindhicus of genus Rhabdochona (Railliet, 1916) from Indus River Pakistan
...bdochona) sindhicus differs from other species of genus with body shape and size, buccal capsule shape, prostomal teeth arrangement, nerve ring position, 18 pairs of caudal papillae, spicules shape curved and broad anteriorly and pointed posteriorly, female genital structures, shape of posterior end in male and female, eggs shape and boundary. Due to morphometric differences between present and previously described species o...
K. Osei1† , A. I. Adama1 , E. C. Tagoe2 and J. Sackey-Asante1
Biochar effect on nematodes and insects population density, soil improvement and yield of okra
... abiotic and biotic factors. Chemical fertilizers are usually used to solve soil infertility problems. However, chemical fertilizers are expensive and when applied continuously, degrade agricultural lands (Savci, 2012; Bhattacharyya et al., 2015). Biotic factors such as plant parasitic nematodes (PPN) and foliar insects have been implicated as major cons...
Sahib Khan1, Muneeza Wahid2, Muhammad Abeer Irfan1, Muhammad Naeem3, Asma Gul4, Muhammad Haseeb Zafar2
ROW LEVEL IMAGE FORGERY DETECTION TECHNIQUE USING EMBEDDED DIGITAL SIGNATURES
...mportant issues in today’s modern world. It has become very easy to change the contents of digital images with image editing tools and software. This paper is presenting a new technique to detect any changes made in digital images. This technique ensures the integrity of digital image at row level and using embedded digital signatures. Using message digest 5 algorithm, digital signature is generated from selected pixels of each row using selected pixels ...
Gulzar Mehmood1*, M. Zahid Khan1, Haseeb Ur Rahman1, and Sohail Abbas2
AN EFFICIENT AND SECURE SESSION KEY ESTABLISHMENT SCHEME FOR HEALTH-CARE APPLICATIONS IN WIRELESS BODY AREA NETWORKS
...is security and patients’ information privacy. In such applications ensuring human
vital sign privacy and security is very important. To address this important issue, in this paper we propose a novel
secure session key establishment scheme for WBAN in health-care domain to ensure security and privacy of vital
sign related to human body. In the proposed scheme, session key is established for a specific period of time in order
t...
vital sign privacy and security is very important. To address this important issue, in this paper we propose a novel
secure session key establishment scheme for WBAN in health-care domain to ensure security and privacy of vital
sign related to human body. In the proposed scheme, session key is established for a specific period of time in order
t...
Sahibzada Abdur Rehman Abid1*, Muhammad Naeem2, Asma Gul3, Nasir Ahmad1
PASHTO OPTICAL CHARACTER RECOGNITION USING NEURAL NETWORK
...le
Pashto characters on different locations in text change its size and shapes, as a result 60 Pashto characters with
110 samples for each Pashto character has been used to train the network....
Pashto characters on different locations in text change its size and shapes, as a result 60 Pashto characters with
110 samples for each Pashto character has been used to train the network....
Muhammad Alam Zeb Khan1*, Muhammad Ali Kamran1, Khan Muhammad2, Khizar Azam1
IDENTIFICATION OF THE OPTIMAL OPERATING PARAMETERS OF LOCALLY AVAILABLE COAL FOR USE IN PAKISTANI INDUSTRIES
... optimum burning parameters of locally available coal from mines in
Darra Adam Khel is being reported. The coal samples were tested in a cyclone combustor using the pulverized coal
combustion technique. Effect of mesh size, primary and secondary air velocity at various air fuel ratios was investigated
to quantify the combustion performance by measuring the furnace temperature. Mesh size 200 was found to
be readily combustible within...
Darra Adam Khel is being reported. The coal samples were tested in a cyclone combustor using the pulverized coal
combustion technique. Effect of mesh size, primary and secondary air velocity at various air fuel ratios was investigated
to quantify the combustion performance by measuring the furnace temperature. Mesh size 200 was found to
be readily combustible within...
Muhammad Ismail1, Shahid Maqsood1*, Abdul Shakoor2, Feroz Shah2
DESIGN AND COST ANALYSIS OF MOLD MAKING FACILTY AT GHANI GLASS INDUSTRY: A CASE STUDY
.../>
for production managers in the industry. The layout problems generally exist in the manufacturing industries. In the
industries the layout problems deals with the facilities like departments, machines etc. As a case study, this paper
presents a machine shop producing molds for local based bottles production industry. The mold making machine
shop capacity is enhanced to fulfill the annual requirement by minimizing travel distance, remov...
industries the layout problems deals with the facilities like departments, machines etc. As a case study, this paper
presents a machine shop producing molds for local based bottles production industry. The mold making machine
shop capacity is enhanced to fulfill the annual requirement by minimizing travel distance, remov...
Muhammad Amjad*1, Abdur Rafai1, Saeed Badshah1, Rafi Ullah Khan1, Sajjad Ahmad1
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS OF THE REAL LIFE LOADINGS ON THE TI-27NB HIP BONE IMPLANT
... that maximum stress occurs at the neck of
the implant for each loading case. The stress level was approximately equal to the strength of Ti-27Nb in 100 Kg,
stand up position case. ...
the implant for each loading case. The stress level was approximately equal to the strength of Ti-27Nb in 100 Kg,
stand up position case. ...
Mahmood Alam Khan1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Mujahid Khan*2, Amjad Khan1
TEMPORAL VARIATION IN GROUND WATER QUALITY DUE TO URBANIZATION. CASE STUDY: DISTRICT PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN
...-chemical
parameters contour maps, comparative graphs and analyse results in light of Pakistan Standard Quality Control
Authority (PSQCA). In 2005, same study for district Peshawar was carried out jointly by PCSIR Peshawar and
Kyungpook National University. In order to assess the effects of urbanization on ground water quality in district
Peshawar, another study was undertaken in 2014-15 by collec...
parameters contour maps, comparative graphs and analyse results in light of Pakistan Standard Quality Control
Authority (PSQCA). In 2005, same study for district Peshawar was carried out jointly by PCSIR Peshawar and
Kyungpook National University. In order to assess the effects of urbanization on ground water quality in district
Peshawar, another study was undertaken in 2014-15 by collec...
Muhammad Nafees Khan1, Iftikhar Hussain2, Muhammad Tahir3, Misbah Ullah2, Shehzad Ali Jamshed4
THE EFFECTS OF TANGIBLE AND INTANGIBLE ASPECTS ON EMPLOYEES’ PERFORMANCE
...ng best
employees’ performance. Several organizations, however, struggle to manage performance of their employees. The
key research question which this study set out to answer was to see the effects of tangible and intangible aspects on
employees’ performance. After a detailed review of the literature, list of tangible and intangible aspects were identified.
These aspects were utilized...
employees’ performance. Several organizations, however, struggle to manage performance of their employees. The
key research question which this study set out to answer was to see the effects of tangible and intangible aspects on
employees’ performance. After a detailed review of the literature, list of tangible and intangible aspects were identified.
These aspects were utilized...
Kifayat Ullah*1, Tahir Mahmood2, Naeem Jan3, Zeeshan Ali4
A NOTE ON GEOMETRIC AGGREGATION OPERATORS IN T-SPHERICAL FUZZY ENVIRONMENT AND THEIR APPLICATIONS IN MULTI-ATTRIBUTE DECISION MAKING
...y mathematics. Atanassov’s
intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) and Cuong’s picture fuzzy set (PFS) are two featured fuzzy concepts. Recently, a novel
framework of T-spherical fuzzy set (TSFS) and consequently spherical fuzzy set (SFS) are developed for handling
those problems where uncertain situations have more than two aspects. This manuscript is based on some contribution
to the area of ...
intuitionistic fuzzy set (IFS) and Cuong’s picture fuzzy set (PFS) are two featured fuzzy concepts. Recently, a novel
framework of T-spherical fuzzy set (TSFS) and consequently spherical fuzzy set (SFS) are developed for handling
those problems where uncertain situations have more than two aspects. This manuscript is based on some contribution
to the area of ...
Riaz Muhammad1*, Naseer Ahmeda, Abdul Basit2, Rizwan Alim Mufti2
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF FRACTURE TOUGHNESS, HARDNESS AND LOAD-INDENTATION DEPTH RESPONSE OF TI-64 USING VICKERS INDENTATION TECHNIQUE
...>
For this purpose Vickers-indentation technique is employed to report the hardness followed by fracture toughness
evaluation of the studied alloy using indentation energy model. The indentation method resulted a fracture toughness
of the studied alloy with 14.5% when compared to the results obtained from strain dependent ductile damage model. ...
evaluation of the studied alloy using indentation energy model. The indentation method resulted a fracture toughness
of the studied alloy with 14.5% when compared to the results obtained from strain dependent ductile damage model. ...
Rashid Nawaz*1, Iftikhar Hussain1, Sikandar Bilal Khattak1
KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS IDENTIFICATION AND PRIORITIZATION FOR ENVIRONMENTAL SUSTAINABILITY IN THE CEMENT MANUFACTURING INDUSTRY IN PAKISTAN USING ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS
... Key performance Indicators (KPIs) that is believed to influence the environmental
sustainability of cement production of Pakistan. Environmental sustainability decision requires a scientific approach of
identifying and prioritization of KPIs. The cement industries are confronted with challenges to implement sustainable
manufacturing processes. The data gathered through questionnaire distributed among 213 respondents representing
24...
sustainability of cement production of Pakistan. Environmental sustainability decision requires a scientific approach of
identifying and prioritization of KPIs. The cement industries are confronted with challenges to implement sustainable
manufacturing processes. The data gathered through questionnaire distributed among 213 respondents representing
24...
Mujahid Khan1*, Mohammad Tufail2, Muhammad Fahad1, Hazi Muhammad Azmathullah3, Muhammad Sagheer Aslam1, Fayaz Ahmad Khan4, Asif Khan5
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS OF BRIDGE PIER SCOUR PATTERN
...tation system, bridge piers needs to be properly designed for scouring
around its piers. For proper design of bridge piers, appropriate investigation of scouring patterns is extremely
important for various sizes and shapes of such piers. Without having research based knowledge of such patterns,
it becomes extremely difficult to predi...
around its piers. For proper design of bridge piers, appropriate investigation of scouring patterns is extremely
important for various sizes and shapes of such piers. Without having research based knowledge of such patterns,
it becomes extremely difficult to predi...
Zulfiqar Ali Soomro1*
NOISE CONTROL FILTRATION OF LATERAL AND YAW DYNAMICS FOR RAILWAY VEHICLE WHEELSET ON TRACK
...estimator reduces the overshoot of noise and other to minimize it at lower level
of level of error. Further the behavior of lateral and yaw dynamic analysis is observed by implementation of fuzzy
inference system through applicable member functions....
of level of error. Further the behavior of lateral and yaw dynamic analysis is observed by implementation of fuzzy
inference system through applicable member functions....
Younis Jamal1, Asad Naeem Shah1, Wasif Amin Butt1, Ahmad Naveed1*, Muhammad Usman1
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE EFFECTS OF FUEL INJECTION PARAMETERS ON DIESEL ENGINE PERFORMANCE AND EMISSIONS
...erature are the key factors that have mainly amplified the exploration
studies of changing fuel injection and other constraints of compression ignition (CI) engines for the abatement
of exhaust emissions. In current study, a direct injection (DI), CI engine was run on a test bench for the performance
and emission analyses using different nozzles and injection timings. During the experiments, two types of nozzles
known as sac and val...
studies of changing fuel injection and other constraints of compression ignition (CI) engines for the abatement
of exhaust emissions. In current study, a direct injection (DI), CI engine was run on a test bench for the performance
and emission analyses using different nozzles and injection timings. During the experiments, two types of nozzles
known as sac and val...
Daulat Khan1*, Khizar Azam2, Noor Muhammad Khan1, Muhammad Israr1, Naeem Ejaz3
ASSESSMENT OF WASTEWATER FOR DISPOSAL IN ACCORDANCE WITH NEQS CRITERIA AND ITS REUSE FOR IRRIGATION WITH DILUTION
...(PEPA) 1997, “No person shall discharge or
emit or allow the discharge of any effluent or waste in an amount, concentration or level which is more than the
National Environmental Quality Standards(NEQS)”. Even in the presence of this act there are many housing societies
and Industrial zones, which are continuously disposing off their untreated wastewater to the natural water bodies. In
this study Laboratory investigation...
emit or allow the discharge of any effluent or waste in an amount, concentration or level which is more than the
National Environmental Quality Standards(NEQS)”. Even in the presence of this act there are many housing societies
and Industrial zones, which are continuously disposing off their untreated wastewater to the natural water bodies. In
this study Laboratory investigation...
Samreen Fatima1*, Mudassir Uddin1
COMPARISON OF ASYMMETRIC GARCH MODELS WITH ARTIFICIAL NEURAL NETWORK FOR STOCK MARKETS PREDICTION, A CASE STUDY
...GARCH models are used. Firstly, suitable
Asymmetric GARCH (A-GARCH) model was developed for forecasting and investigating leverage effect. Secondly,
an Artificial Neural Networks model was developed for the said stock markets. Lastly, forecasting performance of the
FA-GARCH and ANN models both in and out sample were evaluated using root mean square error. In the A-GARCH;
EGARCH (1,1) performed better than PGARCH(1,1) in both stock m...
Asymmetric GARCH (A-GARCH) model was developed for forecasting and investigating leverage effect. Secondly,
an Artificial Neural Networks model was developed for the said stock markets. Lastly, forecasting performance of the
FA-GARCH and ANN models both in and out sample were evaluated using root mean square error. In the A-GARCH;
EGARCH (1,1) performed better than PGARCH(1,1) in both stock m...
Shafiullah1*, Mohammad Nafees2
MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT BY COAGULATION/ FLOCCULATION PROCESSES VIA OPTIMIZATION OF INOCULATION DOSE AND SETTLING TIME
...
collected with four hours intervals. All Samples were analyzed for physico-chemical characteristics. On comparison
with Pak NEQS it was observed that the municipal wastewater physicochemical quality was above the permissible
limits. A series of coagulation/flocculation treatments were given by applying different doses of ferric chloride in
combination of calcium hydroxide. Effective removals of pollutants were obtained by using ferric ch...
with Pak NEQS it was observed that the municipal wastewater physicochemical quality was above the permissible
limits. A series of coagulation/flocculation treatments were given by applying different doses of ferric chloride in
combination of calcium hydroxide. Effective removals of pollutants were obtained by using ferric ch...
M. Ihsan Ul Haq1, Ahmad Hussain2*, Farzana Yasmeen3, Shafiq R. Qureshi4
LIFE CYCLE COSTING AND PAYBACK PERIOD EVALUATION OF A SOLAR THERMAL DESALINATION SYSTEM
...ound to be 1.3
years and 1.5 years respectively. The emission payback period of solar collector and vacuum chamber are found to
be 1.8 years and 2.1 years respectively....
years and 1.5 years respectively. The emission payback period of solar collector and vacuum chamber are found to
be 1.8 years and 2.1 years respectively....
Naseem Ahmad1, Sahar Noor1, Rehman Akhtar1*, Misbah Ullah1, Khizar Azam2
PERFORMANCE IMPROVEMENT OF COMPRESSOR TO RECOVER FLARE GAS USING DESIGN OF EXPERIMENT TECHNIQUES
...plant process. Some factors responsible for disturbing routine
of compressor are categorized and pertinent information is togethered from various resources. The information is
thoroughly studied to enhance factors performance and the factors were set up according to the modified compressor
compression system. The suggested equipped factors
of compressor are categorized and pertinent information is togethered from various resources. The information is
thoroughly studied to enhance factors performance and the factors were set up according to the modified compressor
compression system. The suggested equipped factors
Rafiullah Khan1, Sakhi Jan1*, Muhammad Amjad1, Saeed Badshah1, Sajjad Ahmad1
CRACK CLOSURE AND FIBRE BRIDGING CONTRIBUTION IN THE STRESS-RATIO EFFECT ON DELAMINATION GROWTH UNDER FATIGUE
...t crack closure only occurs at lower stress ratios. Fibre bridging does not
affect the stress ratio however the crack rate was decreased in this case. ...
affect the stress ratio however the crack rate was decreased in this case. ...
Muhammad Aamir1*, Riaz Muhammad1, Naseer Ahmed1, Muhammad Sadiq2, Muhammad Waqas3, Izhar1
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF LEAD FREE SOLDER ALLOY FOR GREEN ELECTRONICS UNDER HIGH STRAIN RATE AND THERMAL AGING
...osition with energy dispersive X-ray (EDX). The microstructure is further analyzed using ImageJ
to investigate the Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) particle average size at different aging temperature. Mechanical
properties including Yield strength (YS) and Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) are examined before and after thermal
aging and at different high strain rates from stress-strain curves using universa...
to investigate the Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) particle average size at different aging temperature. Mechanical
properties including Yield strength (YS) and Ultimate tensile strength (UTS) are examined before and after thermal
aging and at different high strain rates from stress-strain curves using universa...
Waqas Javaid1*, Adnan Tariq1, Iftikhar Hussain2, Sahar Noor2
AN EVOLUTIONARY APPROACH FOR CMS DESIGN
...lular moves. Over the years, a number of efficient approaches have been developed by researchers to handle
the Cell Formation Problem (CFP). Among these, a large number of approaches consist of Artificial Intelligence
(AI) based techniques. The main advantage of such approaches is their ability to handle the CFP effectively both in
terms of accuracy and computational effort. Following the same trend an e...
the Cell Formation Problem (CFP). Among these, a large number of approaches consist of Artificial Intelligence
(AI) based techniques. The main advantage of such approaches is their ability to handle the CFP effectively both in
terms of accuracy and computational effort. Following the same trend an e...
Muhammad Naeem1*, Sahib Khan2, Nasir Ahmad3
A DISTRIBUTED GENETIC ALGORITM AND A-PRIORI ALGORITHM FOR THE HUB AND FACILITY LOCATION PROBLEMS
...t basket analysis to understand the purchase
behavior of buyers. It has many other applications. In this study, we combine a-priori with a genetic algorithm (GA)
to solve two classical NP-hard location problems namely the Un-capacitated Single Allocation Problem (USAHLP)
and Un-capacitated Facility Location Problem (UFLP). A distributed model of the proposed algorithm has been
implemented. The per...
behavior of buyers. It has many other applications. In this study, we combine a-priori with a genetic algorithm (GA)
to solve two classical NP-hard location problems namely the Un-capacitated Single Allocation Problem (USAHLP)
and Un-capacitated Facility Location Problem (UFLP). A distributed model of the proposed algorithm has been
implemented. The per...
Razaullah1*, Iftikhar Hussain1
A TWO-WAREHOUSE SUPPLY CHAIN NETWORK DESIGN AND OPTIMIZATION WITH CROSS-ROUTE COSTS AND BUDGET, MAXIMUM FLOW AND CAPACITY CONSTRAINTS
...ehouses and traffic factors on the supply routes in the mathematical model further broadened the problem. A case
study is solved to analyze how the model performs with the changing network characteristics. ...
study is solved to analyze how the model performs with the changing network characteristics. ...
Nabeel Maqsood1,2*, Afzal Khan1, Muhammad Khalid Alamgir2, Shaukat Ali Shah1, Muhammad Fahad3
PTFE THIN FILM COATING ON 316L STAINLESS STEEL FOR CORROSION PROTECTION IN ACIDIC ENVIRONMENT
...rmed through energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDX).
The morphology of the coated and uncoated substrates were also studied before and after electrochemical corrosion
test and then compared. The thickness of the coating was also examined well. The result shows the remarkable
improvement in the corrosion resistance of PTFE coating by decreasing the corrosion current density in HCL media....
The morphology of the coated and uncoated substrates were also studied before and after electrochemical corrosion
test and then compared. The thickness of the coating was also examined well. The result shows the remarkable
improvement in the corrosion resistance of PTFE coating by decreasing the corrosion current density in HCL media....
Ebtisam Mirza1, Nadeem Ehsan1
DEVELOPMENT OF PROJECT EXECUTION COMPLEXITY INDEX
...br />
encompassing factors of important project constraints i.e. scope, time and cost is still missing. In this research, a
model has been developed to compute PECI (Project Execution Complexity Index) for various categories of projects
considering varying levels of complexity, i.e. PECI(R) for R&D/Technology projects, PECI(I) for Infrastructure development
projects and PECI(O) for Other projects. A complexity scale starting from 0 = ...
model has been developed to compute PECI (Project Execution Complexity Index) for various categories of projects
considering varying levels of complexity, i.e. PECI(R) for R&D/Technology projects, PECI(I) for Infrastructure development
projects and PECI(O) for Other projects. A complexity scale starting from 0 = ...
Misbah Ullah1, Rehman Akhtar1, Sikandar Bilal Khattak1, Khawar Naeem1 and Khizar Azam2
FACTORS IDENTIFICATION FOR COAL BRIQUETTES MANUFACTURING USING STATISTICAL EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN APPROACH
...y using significant factors. Indeed, the role of statistical design of experiment in general and factorial
design in particular is vital in identifying these significant factors in comparison to the conventional techniques. This
paper provides a statistical approach towards manufacturing of coal briquettes in Northern Province of Pakistan.
Binder composition, pressure, particle size, and coal type are an...
design in particular is vital in identifying these significant factors in comparison to the conventional techniques. This
paper provides a statistical approach towards manufacturing of coal briquettes in Northern Province of Pakistan.
Binder composition, pressure, particle size, and coal type are an...
Rafiullah Khan1, Waseem ur Rahman1, Misbah Ullah2, Kamran Afaq3, Muhammad Amjad1, Sakhi jan1
AGE EFFECT ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF HIP JOINT BONE: AN EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION
...lagen as reinforcing fibers. As bone supports all the organs of a body so its
mechanical behavior is of prime importance. The mechanical properties of bone varies with age. In this paper, the
effect of age on various mechanical properties of hip joint bone was investigated experimentally. For this purpose
hip joint bone specimens of male bovine of different age groups were tested for fracture toughness, young modulus
and tensile str...
mechanical behavior is of prime importance. The mechanical properties of bone varies with age. In this paper, the
effect of age on various mechanical properties of hip joint bone was investigated experimentally. For this purpose
hip joint bone specimens of male bovine of different age groups were tested for fracture toughness, young modulus
and tensile str...
Bibi Safia Haq1,2, Hidayat Ullah Khan3, Abdul Shakoor4, Shahnaz Attaullah5, Ishrat Rahim1
PROJECTION ETCHING OF KERATIN THIN FILMS FOR FABRICATION OF SKIN STRUCTURE USING ARF EXCIMER LASER
... the ablated keratin layers with
different pulses were also measured by scanning the sample using a Dektak KLA-Tencor and the surface statistics of
the ablated keratin sample have been analysed using a white light interferometer WYKO NT1100. ...
different pulses were also measured by scanning the sample using a Dektak KLA-Tencor and the surface statistics of
the ablated keratin sample have been analysed using a white light interferometer WYKO NT1100. ...
Kulsoom Iftikhar1, Shahzad Anwar1, Izhar Ul Haq1, Muhammad Tahir Khan1 and Sayed Riaz Akbar1
AN OPTIMAL NEURAL NETWORK BASED CLASSIFICATION TECHNIQUE FOR BREAST CANCER DETECTION
...ut nodes, two hidden layers with eight neurons each
and one output node. Five features (cluster thickness, uniformity of {cell size, cell shape}, marginal attachment and
radius of circle enclosing the abnormality) are nominated as input features to the ANN to predict the benign or
malignant breast carcinoma. The network is trained, tested and validated on data bases that comprises of a set of
previously extracted features provided b...
and one output node. Five features (cluster thickness, uniformity of {cell size, cell shape}, marginal attachment and
radius of circle enclosing the abnormality) are nominated as input features to the ANN to predict the benign or
malignant breast carcinoma. The network is trained, tested and validated on data bases that comprises of a set of
previously extracted features provided b...
Muhammad Kaleem Sarwar1, Zulfiqar Ali Chaudary2, M.Tousif Bhatti3, Daulat Khan
EVALUATION OF AIR VENTS AND RAMP ANGLES ON THE PERFORMANCE OF ORIFICE SPILLWAY AERATORS
...) orifice spillway aerators by varying air vent size and ramp angles were
experimentally studied. Three air vents of different sizes and five ramps with different angles were tested on a physical
model of Bunji dam spillway, which was constructed at Irrigation Research Station Nandipur, Gujranwala. In each case,
the cavity length, cavity pressure, flow velocity and water depth at the aerator were measured by changing operating
condi...
experimentally studied. Three air vents of different sizes and five ramps with different angles were tested on a physical
model of Bunji dam spillway, which was constructed at Irrigation Research Station Nandipur, Gujranwala. In each case,
the cavity length, cavity pressure, flow velocity and water depth at the aerator were measured by changing operating
condi...
Aqeel Nawaz1, Muhammad Ali Kamran1
PARAMETRIC SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS OF CONVEX STAR PORT PROPELLANT GRAIN FOR SOLID ROCKET MOTOR
...and other ballistic factors including density of
propellant and characteristic exhaust velocity on the burn pattern and performance profile for qualitative analysis of
sliver fraction (tail-off)and neutrality. The purpose of the study is to expand the design domain by evaluating entire
convex Star family under both neutral and least sliver content conditions.The computer program associated to it
is essentially the ballistic design a...
propellant and characteristic exhaust velocity on the burn pattern and performance profile for qualitative analysis of
sliver fraction (tail-off)and neutrality. The purpose of the study is to expand the design domain by evaluating entire
convex Star family under both neutral and least sliver content conditions.The computer program associated to it
is essentially the ballistic design a...
Khuram Rashid1, Saroosh Danish2, Muhammad Akram Tahir3
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON UTILIZATION OF WASTE RUBBER TIRES AS FILLER IN CONCRETE
... />
by incorporating coarse and fine rubber content as partial substitution of conventional aggregates. Seven mixtures
were proportioned; one mixture with conventional aggregates was the control specimen, three mixtures were casted
by replacing fine aggregate by waste rubber tires powder and remaining three were proportioned by replacing coarse
aggregate by waste rubber tires chips. Fresh and hardened p...
were proportioned; one mixture with conventional aggregates was the control specimen, three mixtures were casted
by replacing fine aggregate by waste rubber tires powder and remaining three were proportioned by replacing coarse
aggregate by waste rubber tires chips. Fresh and hardened p...
Ghani Akbar1, Muhammad Munir Ahmad1, Abdul Ghafoor1, Matiullah Khan1, Zafar Islam1
IRRIGATION EFFICIENCIES POTENTIAL UNDER SURFACE IRRIGATED FARMS IN PAKISTAN
...monstrated increased understanding of the interactions of field sizes and irrigation
efficiencies, which may support irrigators’ decision making for enhancing irrigation performance at no significant
cost to infrastructure, machinery or labour. ...
efficiencies, which may support irrigators’ decision making for enhancing irrigation performance at no significant
cost to infrastructure, machinery or labour. ...
Tehmina Amjad1, Ishfaq Ahmad1, Muhammad Akram Shaikh2, Nabila Naz1
VARIATION IN CITATION BASED FRACTIONAL COUNTING OF AUTHORSHIP
...lications of
authors. In this paper, we propose variation in citation based fractional Vf -index which not only consider the number
of authors but also the variation factor in the number of citations. Vf -Index considers the consistency in received
citations of publication in addition to their quality and quantity for indexing. We have used Co-efficient of quartile
authors. In this paper, we propose variation in citation based fractional Vf -index which not only consider the number
of authors but also the variation factor in the number of citations. Vf -Index considers the consistency in received
citations of publication in addition to their quality and quantity for indexing. We have used Co-efficient of quartile
Nazish Huma Khan1, Mohammad Nafees1, Adila Bashir1, Farooq Ahmad1
STUDY OF POLLUTION LAOD IN PAPER MILL EFFLUENTS AND ITS RECYCLING BY SUNDRY PLANTS AT HAYATABAD INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, PESHAWAR
... analyzed
parameters upto low limits as pH(7.1-7.4), EC(336-345uS/cm), Alkalinity(425-580mg/L), Turbidity(140-154NTU),
TDS(570-600mg/L), TSS(300-332mg/L), COD(210-200.3mg/L), BOD5 (125-132 mg/L). It was observed that huge
quantity of waste water is generated during paper manufacturing and its direct discharge into receiving water is an
emerging concern. While the study proved that pollution level of paper mill effluents can be disco...
parameters upto low limits as pH(7.1-7.4), EC(336-345uS/cm), Alkalinity(425-580mg/L), Turbidity(140-154NTU),
TDS(570-600mg/L), TSS(300-332mg/L), COD(210-200.3mg/L), BOD5 (125-132 mg/L). It was observed that huge
quantity of waste water is generated during paper manufacturing and its direct discharge into receiving water is an
emerging concern. While the study proved that pollution level of paper mill effluents can be disco...
Muhammad Ibrahim1, ShahidMaqsood1, Rafiullah Khan2, Muhammad Amjad2, SakhiJaan2
OPTIMIZATION OF GAS TUNGSTEN ARC WELDING PARAMETERS ON PENETRATION DEPTH AND BEAD WIDTH USING TAGUCHI METHOD
...sten arc welding parameters on penetration depth
and bead width. Taguchi L25 orthogonal array was used for the design of experiments. Welding experiments were
performed on stainless steel specimens. Pilot experimentations were conducting to define the range of variables.
Optimal parameters were determined through signal to noise (S/N) ratio approach. Significant factors
and bead width. Taguchi L25 orthogonal array was used for the design of experiments. Welding experiments were
performed on stainless steel specimens. Pilot experimentations were conducting to define the range of variables.
Optimal parameters were determined through signal to noise (S/N) ratio approach. Significant factors
Sajjad Ali1, Muhammad Shahzad Khattak1, Daulat Khan1, Mohammed Sharif2, Hamad Khan1, Asmat Ullah3,
Abdul Malik1
PREDICTING FUTURE TEMPERATURE AND PRECIPITATION OVER PAKISTAN IN THE 21ST CENTURY
...h Pakistan, several sectors such
as agriculture, energy, water supply and health will face serious challenges in the second half of the 21st century.
Therefore, preventive and remedial measures are required to minimize the impacts of projected warming by formulating
long-term management and control policies for all sectors. ...
as agriculture, energy, water supply and health will face serious challenges in the second half of the 21st century.
Therefore, preventive and remedial measures are required to minimize the impacts of projected warming by formulating
long-term management and control policies for all sectors. ...
Shabana Rafique1, Shahnaz Parveen Khattak1, Tanveer Hussain2, Faiza Tauqeer1, Bashir Ahmad3
EVALUATION OF FLEXURAL RIGIDITY AND ABRASION RESISTANCE OF POST AND META-FINISHED PIGMENT DYED P/C FABRICS
...ffect of various parameters i.e. finish type and concentration were taken in to consideration along different modes
of application on the abrasion resistance and flexural rigidity of fabrics. As regards the type of finish, the effect of
U-V absorber and Pekoflam OP flame retardant (organic phosphorous compound) on fabric stiffness was found to be
advantageous, providing it a soft texture. The post-application of fluorine based liquid water...
of application on the abrasion resistance and flexural rigidity of fabrics. As regards the type of finish, the effect of
U-V absorber and Pekoflam OP flame retardant (organic phosphorous compound) on fabric stiffness was found to be
advantageous, providing it a soft texture. The post-application of fluorine based liquid water...
Muneeb Abrar1, Shabbir Majeed Chaudhry2
DESIGN OF A LOW NOISE, LOW POWER AND SPURIOUS FREE PHASE FREQUENCY DETECTOR AND CHARGE PUMP FOR PHASE-LOCKED LOOPS
...n uses only six transistors for
the detection process, which reduces the chip area and power consumption of the PLL block. It also minimizes the
dead zone and eliminates the reset path to reduce the delay. The output is passed through a buffer to suppress the
distortion and to reduce the overall output noise. Phase noise has been reduced to -156 (dBc/Hz) at 1 MHz offset
frequency. A simple current mirror based charge pump circuit is...
the detection process, which reduces the chip area and power consumption of the PLL block. It also minimizes the
dead zone and eliminates the reset path to reduce the delay. The output is passed through a buffer to suppress the
distortion and to reduce the overall output noise. Phase noise has been reduced to -156 (dBc/Hz) at 1 MHz offset
frequency. A simple current mirror based charge pump circuit is...
Farid Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Iqbal1
DEVELOPMENT OF A TESTING RIG FOR VIBRATION AND WIND BASED ENERGY HARVESTERS
...d)
energy harvesters. The mechanical shakers used for vibration and shock testing are the most versatile, inexpensive
and easy to operate, however, due to their fixed displacement, single frequency and sinusoidal behavior, usage of
these shakers is limited. The less known electro-hydraulic shakers ...
energy harvesters. The mechanical shakers used for vibration and shock testing are the most versatile, inexpensive
and easy to operate, however, due to their fixed displacement, single frequency and sinusoidal behavior, usage of
these shakers is limited. The less known electro-hydraulic shakers ...
Muhammad Masood Tahir1, Ayyaz Hussain2, Saeed Badshah3, Qaisar Javaid2
RULE-BASED IDENTIFICATION OF BEARING FAULTS USING CENTRAL TENDENCY OF TIME DOMAIN FEATURES
...all bearing. The RDS offers an accurate and efficient diagnostic procedure, and purges the
requirement of expensive training of conventional classifier. A test rig is used to acquire vibration data from bearings
having localized faults, and various TDFs are extracted. It is worth mentioning that fluctuations in random vibration
signals may alter the feature values. Therefore, each of the TDFs is processed statistically to approximate its r...
requirement of expensive training of conventional classifier. A test rig is used to acquire vibration data from bearings
having localized faults, and various TDFs are extracted. It is worth mentioning that fluctuations in random vibration
signals may alter the feature values. Therefore, each of the TDFs is processed statistically to approximate its r...
Salman Saeed*, Akhtar Naeem Khan**, Rashid Rehan*, Sikandar Hayat Sajid**, Muhammad Sagheer Aslam*, Khan Shahzada**
COST AND PERFORMANCE OPTIMIZATION OF PRECAST POST TENSIONED PRE-STRESSED GIRDER BRIDGE SUPERSTRUCTURES
...e-stressed concrete girders with cast
in place concrete decks are widely used for short to medium span bridges. The design and subsequent cost of a
bridge depends on key geometric variables such as bridge width, number of lanes, number and length of spans,
slab thickness, number and spacing of girders. Some of these variables are dictated by traffic demands and highway
geometry, while othe
in place concrete decks are widely used for short to medium span bridges. The design and subsequent cost of a
bridge depends on key geometric variables such as bridge width, number of lanes, number and length of spans,
slab thickness, number and spacing of girders. Some of these variables are dictated by traffic demands and highway
geometry, while othe
Faisal Shabbir*, Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Naveed Ahmad*, Jawad Hussain*, Muhammad Fiaz Tahir*
INVESTIGATION OF USING PAPER INDUSTRY WASTE (HYPO SLUDGE) IN CONCRETE MIX
... one of the major producers of carbon dioxide gas (a greenhouse gas) and ordinary concrete
contains about 12% cement. The world’s annual production of cement is 1.6 billion tons which accounts for about
7% emission of carbon dioxide gas in atmosphere. Concrete industry is consuming large amount of natural resources
(gravel, sand, fine rock, water etc). In order to address such environmental issues ...
contains about 12% cement. The world’s annual production of cement is 1.6 billion tons which accounts for about
7% emission of carbon dioxide gas in atmosphere. Concrete industry is consuming large amount of natural resources
(gravel, sand, fine rock, water etc). In order to address such environmental issues ...
Rahim Haider*, Al Mustaan Kakar*, Sikandar Bilal Khattak*, Safi ur Rahman**, Shahid Maqsood*, Misbah Ullah*, Rehman Akhtar*, Aamir Sikandar*
DEVELOPMENT OF OPTIMIZED MAINTENANCE SYSTEM FOR VEHICLE FLEET
...
role in an organization’s growth. Maintenance of vehicle fleet is critical in terms of cost, availability and customer
satisfaction. The major cause for delays is inefficient and ineffective maintenance procedures. To avoid major market
losses, an efficient maintenance model is required. This research proposed a maintenance system that integrates the
flow of information by incorporating different maintenance strategies. The analysis...
satisfaction. The major cause for delays is inefficient and ineffective maintenance procedures. To avoid major market
losses, an efficient maintenance model is required. This research proposed a maintenance system that integrates the
flow of information by incorporating different maintenance strategies. The analysis...
Farid Ullah Khan*, Tashfeen Ali*, Khubroo Jamil*
DEVELOPMENT OF A LOW VOLTAGE AC TO DC CONVERTER FOR MESO AND MICRO ENERGY HARVESTERS
...st of the energy harvesters generated
voltage levels are sinusoidal or random in nature, moreover, the output voltage levels these produce are in
low (in mV range). For sensor operation, in order to convert this low AC voltage levels into relatively high DC
voltage DC, a three stage Cockcroft Walton converter is developed. The paper presents fabrication and characterization
of a 3 stage Low Voltage Cockcroft-Walton converter in an a...
voltage levels are sinusoidal or random in nature, moreover, the output voltage levels these produce are in
low (in mV range). For sensor operation, in order to convert this low AC voltage levels into relatively high DC
voltage DC, a three stage Cockcroft Walton converter is developed. The paper presents fabrication and characterization
of a 3 stage Low Voltage Cockcroft-Walton converter in an a...
Anwar Ullah*, Sabir Islam*, Sikandar Bilal Khattak*, Safi Ur Rahman**, Shahid Maqsood*, Misbah Ullah*, Rehman Akhtar*, Rashid Nawaz*
MAINTENANCE SYSTEM FOR HEAVY EARTH MOVING EQUIPMENT
...y earth moving equipment’s are critical for completion of any developmental projects. Dams, schools, bridges
or any mining related initiations are part of these infrastructure development projects. Usually the delays are due to
the inefficient and ineffective maintenance procedures of the heavy earth moving equipment’s. Poor record keeping
and un-systemized maintenance procedures leads to red...
or any mining related initiations are part of these infrastructure development projects. Usually the delays are due to
the inefficient and ineffective maintenance procedures of the heavy earth moving equipment’s. Poor record keeping
and un-systemized maintenance procedures leads to red...
Farid Ullah Khan*, Adeel Ahmed*, Uzair Khan Jadoon*, Fahim Haider*
MODELING, SIMULATION AND FABRICATION OF AN UNDERSHOT FLOATING WATERWHEEL
...nd fabrication of an undershot floating waterwheel for power generation
for run-of-the-river applications. For the undershot floating waterwheel, analytical modeling and simulation are performed
to estimate the optimal design parameters. Moreover, the dependence of output power on various parameters
of waterwheel is also investigated...
for run-of-the-river applications. For the undershot floating waterwheel, analytical modeling and simulation are performed
to estimate the optimal design parameters. Moreover, the dependence of output power on various parameters
of waterwheel is also investigated...
Suhaib*, Shahid Maqsood*, Sikandar Bilal Khattak*, Misbah Ullah*, Rehman Akhtar*, Rashid Nawaz*, Iftikhar Hussain*, Abdul Shakoor**, Khizar Azam**
SINGLE FACILITY LOCATION SELECTIONPROBLEM FOR A PAKISTAN BASED ICE CREAM COMPANY: A CASE STUDY
...tional ice cream company’s factory located in Lahore, Punjab (province) Pakistan,
with an objective of minimum overall cost between a warehouse and destinations. The company wanted to locate the
warehouse in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), province in order to meet the demand in KPK on time and reduce the
travelling cost between the warehouse and destinations. Moreover, using Contour line technique a generic computer
based simulatio...
with an objective of minimum overall cost between a warehouse and destinations. The company wanted to locate the
warehouse in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK), province in order to meet the demand in KPK on time and reduce the
travelling cost between the warehouse and destinations. Moreover, using Contour line technique a generic computer
based simulatio...
Hassan Nasir*, Rashid Rehan,** Rizwan Younis,*** Fazal Mabood,**** Salman Saeed,**, Muhammad Sagheer Aslam**
MACHINERY SELECTION FOR DEMOLITION AND RECYCLING OF PAVEMENTS: A SIMULATION-BASED TOOL
...
many construction managers – especially in Pakistan, rely on their intuition and judgement based on past
experience to select their construction machinery fleet configuration. This approach is obviously subjective and prone
to inefficient utilization of resources. Computer-based tools, such as simulation models, have the potential to greatly
benefit the construction mangers in their routine tasks....
experience to select their construction machinery fleet configuration. This approach is obviously subjective and prone
to inefficient utilization of resources. Computer-based tools, such as simulation models, have the potential to greatly
benefit the construction mangers in their routine tasks....
Hamza Tariq1, Imran Hayat1, Saima Rafiq1*, Aqsa Qayyum2 and Sohrab Qayyum1
...lids (TSS), reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars, total sugars, vitamin C), antioxidant activity, total phenolics, and sensory evaluation (color, flavor, taste, overall acceptability) during storage (90 days) at ambient temperature for consumer acceptability. An increase in titratable acidity, vitamin C, total phenolics and antioxidant activity was observed with increasing the concentratio...
Imran Shehzad1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Ayesha Zafar1, Sher Muhammad2 and Ghulam Murtaza1
...ine and good quality waters are used in a cyclic manner for leaching down the salts that accumulated during irrigation with saline water. In this manner, salt accumulation does not rise beyond critical limit of the crop. The experiment consisted of 4 treatments replicated four times and randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used to make layout. Treatments were; T1 = canal water, T2 = water of EC 2.0 dS m-1, T3 = water of EC 3.0 dS m-1 and T4 = water of E...
Numan Ahmad, Shahid Bashirand Shahid Rauf
DESIGN OF MINITURISED MIMO ANTENNA WITH W-LAN BAND NOTCHED FOR ULTRA WIDE BAND (UWB) APPLICATIONS
...ng band. A ‘spider’ shape structure is etched on the ground as a decoupling structure to obtain impedance matching as well as desired isolation. W-LAN notched band in the entire Ultra Wide band is obtained by etching a couple of straight line on the ground plane. A very compact UWB-MIMO antenna with overall dimension of 20×20 mm2 has been proposed which is smaller than most of other MIMO antennas designed for UWB. Impedance bandwidth for the ...
Muhammad Asad Ali, Mirza Jahanzaib, Muhammad Ahsan Ul Haq
ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF SQUEEZE CASTING PROCESS PARAMETERS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF OVERCAST AL-ALLOY JOINT USING RSM
...he input casting parameters named as squeeze pressure, pressure duration and melt temperature. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to analyze the effect of above mentioned input parameters on UTS and YS. Empirical models for UTS and YS were developed which help the practitioners to achieve desired UTS and Y...
Waqas Anwar, Iftikhar Hussain
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT BETWEEN RESTIVE REGIONS OF PAKISTAN AND REMAINING PART OF COUNTRY
...f country. Project Managers running construction works in these areas face numerous challenges in the execution and decision-making. The important concerns include overstretched logistic support, insecure operating environment, difficult terrain, dearth of previously existing infrastructure, centuries old traditional cultural underpinnings, non-availability of skilled manpower / plant and machinery, non-acceptability of alli...
Mujahid Badshah, Saeed Badshah, Sakhi Jan
HYDRODYNAMIC DESIGN OF TIDAL CURRENT TURBINE AND THE EFFECT OF SOLIDITY ON PERFORMANCE
... 3 bladed rotor of 4 meters diameter and rated mechanical power of 20 kW. Performance metrics of the rotor for steady and uniform flow was simulated at flow speeds from 0.5-3.5 m/s. The turbine achieved its rated power at a tip speed ratio (TSR) 5.7 with a peak CP value of 0.47 and peak thrust of 16.7 kN-m. Additionally, a series of simulations were performed at TSR from 1-10 to obtain performance curve for the turbine at a design current velocity of 1.5 m/s....
Waqas Anwar, Iftikhar Hussain
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT BETWEEN RESTIVE REGIONS OF PAKISTAN AND REMAINING PART OF COUNTRY
...f country. Project Managers running construction works in these areas face numerous challenges in the execution and decision-making. The important concerns include overstretched logistic support, insecure operating environment, difficult terrain, dearth of previously existing infrastructure, centuries old traditional cultural underpinnings, non-availability of skilled manpower / plant and machinery, non-acceptability of alli...
Mahmood Alam Khan, Afzal Munir, Muahmmad Shahzad Khattak, Daulat Khan, Muhammad Ajmal
GROUNDWATER RECHARGE QUANTIFICATION FROM RAINFALL IN PESHAWAR DISTRICT-KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...itself, in the coming years. The main objective of this study was to quantify the ground water recharge due to rainfall on yearly basis of Peshawar district Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. Groundwater recharge was estimated by subtracting runoff from the rainfall. The Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method was used to estimate the runoff produced from rainfall events. As per the data provided by Pakistan Metrological Department, Peshaw...
Tahir Mahmood, Kifayat Ullah, Murad Ullah, Naeem Jan, Irfan Deli, Qaisar Khan
SOME AGGREGATION OPERATORS FOR BIPOLAR-VALUES HESITANT FUZZY INFORMATION BASED ON EINSTEIN OPERATIONAL LAWS
...ncept of Einstein operators for BVHFSs by defining bipolar-valued hesitant fuzzy Einstein weighted averaging (BPVHFEWA) operators and weighted geometric (BPVHFEWG) operators. Similarly, we define ordered weighted averaging operators and hybrid operators i.e. BVHFEOWA operators, BVHFE...
Muhammad Amir, Syed Waqar Shah, Michael J. Pont
FAULT-MANAGEMENT ON SYSTEM’S LEVEL IN CAN-BASED “SHARED-CLOCK” ENVIRONMENTS
... Journal of Microprocessors and Microsystems (Volume 37, 2013, issue 1, pages 9-23) which was concerned with fault-management on embedded level. In this paper, we intend to show that the use of a Port Guardian (PG) mechanism can also improve fault-management on system’s level. ...
Sajjad Hussain, Nisar Mohammad, Zahid Ur Rehman, Noor Mohammad, Ishaq Ahmad, Naseer Muhammad Khan, Salim Raza
EXTRACTION OF GOLD AND SILVER BY CYANIDATION PROCESS FROM COMPLEX ORE OF SHOUGHUR AREA CHITRAL, KYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...idation leaching parameters for maximum extraction of gold and silver from complex ore of Shoughur area of district Chitral, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa on laboratory scale testing. The research work was carried out into two parts. In first part the cyanidation parameters like grinding time, dosage of pH, cyanidation time, dosage of sodium cyanide (NaCN) and dosage of lime Ca (OH)2 were optimized....
Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel2, Ejaz Ashraf3*, Asad Ali4 and Arooba Rubab5
Effect of Insecticides on the Longevity of Apis mellifera L. (Hymenoptera: Apidae)
..., are good crop pollinators, however, its population is decreased over the years due to various factors including spraying chemical insecticides for pest management. The present experiment was therefore, designed to look for the effect of some new insecticides (cyhalothrin, nitenpyram, emamectin benzoate) applied at flowering stage of sunflower (variety Hysun-33). After three days of pesti...
Anjum and Ahmad Khan*
Phenology, Crop Stand and Biomass of Wheat in Response to Farmyard Manure and Soil Amendments
...nd biomass during two years studies (2016-17 and 2017-18). Min-N was provided from urea, humic acid from “humic plus” a commercial product having 40% humic acid, and effective microbes from “bioaab” a commercial product having beneficial microbes like bacteria, yeast and actinomycetes. Average over years, the maximum days to anthesis (126 days), physiological maturity (154 days) and enhanced emergence...
Azra1*, Muhammad Afzal2 and Dilawar Khan1
Factors Influencing Inflation and Economic Growth in Pakistan: An Econometric Analysis
...o economy needs. It appears difficult that GOP succeeds in curtailing the BD because of the widespread corruption and money-laundering. Human resource development coupled with investment and value-added by both agriculture and industry contributed significantly to economic growth. Should the policy makers attach genuine attention to these factors, it is expected that Pakistan economy will ...
Kemi F. Omotesho*, Adedamola V. Adetayo, Adeniyi F. Akinrinde and Deborah A. Olabode
Challenges to the Adoption of Agricultural Innovations: The Case of Yam Minisett Technology in Kwara State, Nigeria
...on-adoption by non-adopters as well as the constraints faced by adopter farmers in its use. The determinants of farmers’ adoption were also investigated. A four-stage sampling procedure was used to select 205 respondents on whom an interview schedule was administered. Descriptive statistics, Probit Regression Analysis and Pea<...
Inamullah Khan1*, Amjad Usman2 and Rahamdad Khan2
The Mortality Rate of Pupae and Adult of Fruit Fly Bactrocera cucurbitae Coquillett (Diptera: Tephritidae) Affected by Different Submerging Time and Soil Types under the Laboratory Treatment
... 12, 24, 48, 72 and 96 (hrs) were submerged underwater for (1 and 24 hrs). The rate of pupal emergence to adult stage and mortality was investigated. Results showed that emergence and mortality of B. cucurbitae was significantly affected by both submerging time and pupal age. The 12 hrs pupae were more sensitive than 72 hrs pupae, with minimum adult emer...
Shaista Naz1*, Noor P. Khan1, Himayatullah Khan1 and Azra2
Does Women’s Participation in Livestock Management Enhance their Empowerment? An Insight from the Tribal Belt of Pakistan
...estion arises that women’s participation in livestock management has some relation to their empowerment or it is not a debatable issue. To address the issue, this research is carried out in the tribal areas of Pakistan for which data were collected from 323 randomly selected female respondents from 323 randomly selected households in Mohmand Agency. The collected data were analyzed using percent participation, descriptive statistics, and Decision Making ...
Parsa Riaz and Muhammad Naeem*
Digestive Enzymes Activity with Gut Morphometric Parameter of Carnivorous Fish Wallago attu (Siluridae, Siluriformes)
...eight showed positive Pearson’s correlation with total length, gut weight, standard length and amylase enzyme. Fulton’s factor showed positive correlation with fish ZI, lipase and protease. ZI showed positive correlation with amylase and protease. Regression analysis of Protease has highly significant correlation with the entire factor except Total length. With the help of prin...
Hina Fatima1*, Sania Shaheen2, Lal Khan Almas3 and Sehrish Haroon4
Profit Efficiency among Transplanting and Direct Seeded Rice Producers (Case Study of Certain Rice Growing Areas of Province Punjab, Pakistan)
...ated with data from farmers belonging to various districts of Punjab. Gujranwala, Hafizabad, Sheikhupura, Jhang and Sialkot are the major rice producing areas of Punjab. The primary data is collected from the above mentioned areas through random sampling. Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA) serves as a tool of obtaining reliable estimations of profit efficiency of rice production. Findings from SFA reveal profit efficiency of rice farme...
Muhammad Naveed Anjum1, Abdur Rehman1*, Muhammad Niamatullah Khan1, Raheel Saqib2, Mohammad Fayaz3 and Iqbal Javed4
Impact of Microfinance on Socioeconomic Status of Farmers in District Dera Ismail Khan
...ints faced by the borrowers to get the loans from microfinance institutions. The primary data were collected from the 300 borrowers of microfinance institutions especially from Khushhali Bank limited through a well-designed structured questionnaire. The descriptive, inferential statistics, chi square statistics and simple linear regression models were used. The results of the study highlighted that 72.2% of the farmer&
Muhammad Zamin1*, Fazli Rabbi2, Shahen Shah3, Muhammad Amin4, Haroon Ur Rashid5, Hasnain Alam6 and Sabahat Ali1
Performance of Lilium (Lilium elegans L.) Genotypes using Different Planting Media
...ed in the horticulture nursery, University of Swabi, Pakistan in the year 2019. Five Lilium genotypes viz., Star gazer, Star fighter, BomiYellow, Red carpet and Yena were tested in four type of planting media viz., M1-sandy soil+ Compost (1:1; v/v), M2- sandy soil+Humic acid (20:1;v/v), M3- sandy soil+ Peatmoss (1:1;v/v), M4-sandy soil+Potting soil (1:1;v/v). in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with 3 replications. Th...
Sajjad Haydar*, Zunaira Asif*, A. A. Bhatti**, Obaidullah Nadeem***, Ghulam Hussain*, Nadeem Abbas*
EFFICIENCY OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT IN THE PUNJAB TANNERY SECTOR: A CASE STUDY OF DADA TANNERY
...ern of international buyers on environmental compliance, during tanning process, has forced this sector to install
wastewater treatment plants to address the issue. This study aims to evaluate the performance of wastewater
treatment plant (WWTP) of a local tanning industry. Raw wastewater showed high concentration of organic matter
and Chromium. Phosphorous concentration was found deficient for satisfactory biological treatm...
Ihsan Rabbi*, Sehat Ullah**, Aftab Alam**
MARKER BASED TRACKING IN AUGMENTED REALITY APPLICATIONS USING ARTOOLKIT: A CASE STUDY
...e, distance between markers and camera, the speed of marker with respect to camera, relationship
between marker size and distance, the brightness and contrast level of a camera on tracking a single marker.
Experiments were conducted to produce the analysis of these factors.
...
Farid Ullah Khan*, Atal Khattak*
DEVELOPMENT OF A POWER MANAGEMENT CIRCUIT FOR MICROENERGY HARVESTERS
...for micro energy harvesters. The circuit
is design to regulate the power between three different power sources for the operation of a wireless sensor nodes
(WSNs). The main components of the circuit are resistors (carbon film), capacitors (electrolytic), inductors (ferric
bead, axial leaded), and a DC voltage regulato
Muhammad Nafees*, Asim Nawab*, Wisal Shah**
STUDY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF WASTEWATER TREATMENT PLANT DESIGNED FOR INDUSTRIAL EFFLUENTS
...cal and chemical parameters including Suspended solids (SS), Biological
Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD) and Sulfide (S) in order to comply with Pakistan National
Environmental Quality Standards (Pak-NEQS).The collected samples were then treated in the laboratory in order to
identify and suggest suitable coagulant. For this purpose three different treatments .i.e. Lime, Alum and Alum+Lime
were ap...
Dr. Taimur Usman*, Dr. Rashid Rehan*, Dr. Salman Saeed*
QUANTIFYING THE EFFECTS OF UPASS: A TRANSIT DEMAND MANAGEMENT STRATEGY
...ks. Transportation planners have used different strategies to reduce traffic
load on road networks such as encouraging the use of public transportation services, carpooling/ sharing, subsidized
bus passes. One such measure is Universal bus Pass (UPass) which has been proven to be an effective solution for
transit demand management. While focusing on educational institutes across North Amer...
Muhammad Usman Shafi*, Syed Muhammad Ali**, Syed Akhtar Ali Shah***, Kamran Ahmed****
DEVELOPMENT OF DATABASE OF HEAVY TRUCK LOAD DATA IN PESHAWAR, PAKISTAN
...oad applied through Universal
testing machine (UTM). Load verses strain graph was developed for each load cell which was used to interpret the
value of load exerted by each pair of tire to produce strains. By adding the strains from each plate, axle load and
similarly by adding axles, the load of the complete vehicle can be determined. Field calibration was carried out to
check...
Sikandar Afridi*, Muhammad Irfan Khattak**, Nasim Ullah***, Gulzar Ahmad**, Muhammad Shafi**
PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF FACE RECOGNITION SYSTEM USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS MERGED WITH DISCRETE WAVELET TRANSFORMS
...e size of the image is first reduced by taking the DWT of it. After applying
the DWT the facial features of the image are extracted by calculating the Eigenface of the image with size already
reduced by taking DWT. As a result of this process the size of database will reduce to one-fourth of the conventional
PCA in which the facial features are extracted directly from the image by calculating the Eigenface. The size of the
Akhtar Nawaz*, Sahar Noor*, Iftikhar Hussain*, Afzal Khan*, Shahid Rashid**, Rehman Akhtar*
METHODOLOGY FOR POSITIONING MULTIPLE DECOUPLING POINTS IN HYBRID MANUFACTURING SUPPLY CHAIN SYSTEM
...ible minimum. Manufacturers
are always in search to fit their supply chains both internal (within manufacturing) and external to meet
the challenge of competitive market. The delivery time is one of the most critical factors which influence management
of the supply chain networks and cost of the product. To respond to a given lead time, manufacturing firms need to
adjust their su...
Faisal Shabbir*, Muhammad Fiaz Tahir*, Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Naveed Ahmad*, Jawad Hussain*
EFFECT OF COCONUT FIBER AND MARBLE WASTE ON CONCRETE STRENGTH
... year, while coconut fibers (CF)
are abundantly available in tropical regions. These two raw materials can be used as a partial cement replacement
in concrete. In this research, a combination of CF and marble dust (MD) has been investigated. Cubes were formed
for compressive strength and beams were formed for flexure strength tests using different percentages of cement, CF
and MD. It has been found that the combina...
Asif Ali Khan*, Nasru Minallah*, Shahbaz Khan**
ON THE PERFORMANCE OF SUPERVISED CLASSIFIERS FOR CROP IDENTIFICATION AND ESTIMATION USING MULTI-SPECTRAL IMAGERY
...
supervised classifiers namely Maximum Likelihood approach, Neural Network and Minimum Distance Classifier have
been used to classify the imagery. Training data for classifiers has been collected through multiple field surveys using
GPS receivers. The results obtained clearly show that the performance of maximum-likelihood classifier is better than
t...
Numan Ahmad1, Shahid Bashir1*, Shahid Rauf1
DESIGN OF MINITURISED MIMO ANTENNA WITH W-LAN BAND NOTCHED FOR ULTRA WIDE BAND (UWB) APPLICATIONS
...ng band. A ‘spider’ shape structure is
etched on the ground as a decoupling structure to obtain impedance matching as well as desired isolation. W-LAN
notched band in the entire Ultra Wide band is obtained by etching a couple of straight line on the ground plane. A
very compact UWB-MIMO antenna with overall dimension of 20×20 mm2 has been proposed which is smaller than
most of other MIMO antenna...
Muhammad Asad Ali 1*, Mirza Jahanzaib1, Muhammad Ahsan Ul Haq1
ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF SQUEEZE CASTING PROCESS PARAMETERS ON MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF OVERCAST ALUMINIUM-ALLOY JOINT USING RESPONSE SURFACE METHODOLOGY
...he input casting parameters named as squeeze pressure,
pressure duration and melt temperature. Response surface methodology (RSM) was employed to analyze the effect of
above mentioned input parameters on ultimate tensile strength (UTS) and yield strength (YS). Empirical models for
UTS and YS were developed which help t...
Waqas Anwar1*, Iftikhar Hussain1
COMPARATIVE STUDY ON CONSTRUCTION PROJECT MANAGEMENT BETWEEN RESTIVE REGIONS OF PAKISTAN AND REMAINING PART OF COUNTRY
...div>
Project Managers running construction works in these areas face numerous challenges in the execution and decision-
making. The important concerns include overstretched logistic support, insecure operating environment, difficult
terrain, dearth of previously existing infrastructure, centuries old traditional cultural underpinnings, non-availability
of skilled manpower / plant and...
Mujahid Badshah*1, Saeed Badshah1, Sakhi Jan1
HYDRODYNAMIC DESIGN OF TIDAL CURRENT TURBINE AND THE EFFECT OF SOLIDITY ON PERFORMANCE
... 3 bladed rotor of 4 meters diameter and rated mechanical power of 20
kW. Performance metrics of the rotor for steady and uniform flow was simulated at flow speeds from 0.5-3.5 m/s.
The turbine achieved its rated power at a tip speed ratio (TSR) 5.7 with a peak CP value of 0.47 and peak thrust
of 16.7 kN-m. Additionally, a series of simulations were performed at TSR from 1-10 to obtain performance curve
for the t...
Mahmood Alam Khan1*, Afzal Munir1, Muhammad Shahzad Khattak1, Daulat Khan1, Muhammad Ajmal1
GROUNDWATER RECHARGE QUANTIFICATION FROM RAINFALL IN PESHAWAR DISTRICT-KHYBER PAKHTUNKHWA
...he coming
years. The main objective of this study was to quantify the ground water recharge due to rainfall on yearly basis of
Peshawar district Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. Groundwater recharge was estimated by subtracting
runoff from the rainfall. The Soil Conservation Service Curve Number (SCS-CN) method was used to estimate the
runoff produced from rainfall events. As per the data provided by Paki...
Tahir Mahmood1, Kifayat Ullah2, Murad Ullah3*, Naeem Jan4, Irfan Deli5, Qaisar Khan6
SOME AGGREGATION OPERATORS FOR BIPOLAR-VALUED HESITANT FUZZY INFORMATION BASED ON EINSTEIN OPERATIONAL LAWS
...
of Einstein operators for BVHFSs by defining bipolar-valued hesitant fuzzy Einstein weighted averaging (BPVHFEWA)
operators and weighted geometric (BPVHFEWG) operators. Similarly, we define ordered weighted averaging operators
and hybrid operators i.e. BVHFEOWA operato
Muhammad Amir*1, Syed Waqar Shah1, Michael J. Pont2
FAULT-MANAGEMENT ON SYSTEM’S LEVEL IN CONTROLLER AREA NETWORK BASED “SHARED-CLOCK” ENVIRONMENTS
...>Journal of Microprocessors and Microsystems (Volume 37, 2013, issue 1, pages 9-23). In this paper, we intend to
show that the use of a Port Guardian (PG) mechanism can also improve fault-management on system’s level.
...
Sajjad Hussain1*, Nisar Mohammad1, Zahid Ur Rehman1, Noor Mohammad1, Ishaq Ahmad1,
Naseer Muhammad Khan2 and Salim Raza1
EXTRACTION OF GOLD AND SILVER BY AGITATION CYANIDATION PROCESS FROM COMPLEX ORE OF SHOUGHUR AREA CHITRAL, KYBER PAKHTUNKHWA PAKISTAN
...ng process is the most versatile processing technique used for extraction of gold utilizing
different cyanidation parameters likes grinding time, pH, cyanidation time, sodium cyanide (NaCN) and lime CaO..
The efficiency of cyanidation process depends on dosage of each parameter. In present research work the extraction
of gold and silver by cyanidation process from shoughur area of district C...
Muhammad Irfan*, Saeed Gul*, Mohammad Younas*, Babar Nawaz*, M. Ishfaq*, M. Amir Durrani*, Abid khan*
FERMENTATION OF SUGARCANE MOLASSES BY SACCHARAMYCES CEREVESIA: EFFECTS OF OPERATING PARAMETERS ON ETHANOL PRODUCTION
...effect ofprocess parameters for the sustainable production of ethanol from sugar cane molasses. The effect of various experimental parameters such as fermentation time, molasses solution concentration and its pH duri...
Khizar Azam*, Abdul Shakoor*~ Afzal Khan*, Riaz Akbar Shah*~ Shaukat Ali Shah·
IDENTIFICATION OF VITAL VEHICLE MECHANICAL DEFECTS CAUSING ROAD TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN PAKISTAN
...">Pakistan for the years 2003-2012 were reviewed. The objective of this research was to establish the contribution of VMD to RTA. A vehicle surve.y, based on a convenience sample of 290 vehicles was also done at the Toll plaza of the Peshawar-Islama...
Tabassum Yasmin*, Muhammad Sadiq*
IMPACT OF LANTHANUM DOPING ON SAC305 LEAD FREE SOLDERS FOR HIGH TEMPERATURE APPLICATIONS
...try to use leadfree solders. Among various lead-free candidate material, Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu (SAC305) appeared as a strong candidate. However, due to the coarse microstructure and formation of hard and brittle Inter-Metallic Compounds (IMCs), a
Fcroz Shah*~ Mohammad A. Irfan**, Rizwan Gul*~ Abdul Shakoor*
ALGORITHM DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION FOR NUMERICAL DETECTION OF HOT SPOTS IN CASTING GEOMETRY
...sections from where vectors are generated which interact with surround- ing edges, comers, curved surfaces, holes etc. of the geometry. These vectors develop a
Farid Ullah Khan·
PERFORMANCE ENHANCEMENT OF VIBRATION-BASED ELECTROMAGNETIC ENERGY HARVESTER DUE TO REDUCED AIR DAMPING
...omagnetic energy harvesters (EMEHs) due to reduced air damping. Fabrication and characterization of Copper foil-type EMEH-l and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane type EMEH-2 under vacuum and without vacuum pressures are reported. The harveste
Muhammad Khurram Ali*, Raft Javed Qureshi**, Mirza Jahanzaib***
SELECTING FACILITY LOCATION USING HYBRID METHODOLOGIES IN GLOBAL PERSPECTIVE: A CASE OF CEMENT PLANT
...cation, the decision makers normally have to face two types ofscenarios: exploring and prioritizing the factors affecting the location decision and selecting an appropriate optimization methodology,- compatible to th...
Farid Ullah Khan*, Sheraz Ali Khan*
A SMART STARTUP AND SHUTDOWN SYSTEM FOR DOMESTIC ELECTRIC POWER GENERATORS
...usehold electric generators. The startup and shutdown ofmost ofthe household electric generators is manual, which renders them less convenient as compared to the UPS and Solar-cell systems. A fUlly automatic electrical generator that starts and shuts down itself without any user intervention results in increased user convenience. This paper looks at the design and evaluates the results ofa...
Syed Asif Ali Shah*, Iftikhar Hussain*
PERFORMANCE OF THE MANUFACTURING SECTOR OF PAKISTAN AND ITS COMPETITIVENESS CAUSE AND REMEDY
... performance of Pakistan’s manufacturing sector and highlights its importance in economic development of the country and analyses the reasons behind the sectors apparent lack of competitiveness. It also discusses the standing of the Pakistani manufacturing sector and its capability of producing high-tech products and its share in the global export. Data provided by GEM Pakistan has been analyzed, that leads to suggest ...
Shahida Nasreen Zakir*, Samina Siddiqui**, Nasreen Ghaffar*
MAJOR ELEMENTS CONCENTRATIONS IN CALCAREOUS SOILS
...areous. There was an inverse relationship between Ca and P concentrations in calcareous soils. Calcium content is around 12% whereas P content is 0.000012% in calcareous soils of this study. The low content of P than Ca in calcareous soils of this study revealed the contention that P is bound with Ca hence is unavailable to plants. Calcareous soil has more than 15% of CaCO3 at pH ranged from 7.5 to 8.4. Iron was also found to be low in calcareous soils. Such s...
Farid Ullah Khan*
MINIATURE VIBRATION SHAKER FOR MEMS-SCALE VIBRATION-BASED ENERGY HARVESTERS APPLICATION
...ation shaker. The shaker’s table is supported by zig-zag planar beams and a copper wound coil is contained at the lower portion of the shaker’s table. Alternating magnetic field of the wound coil and the magnetic field of the permanent magnet generates a sinusoidal force that causes the shaker’s table to vibrate at the frequency of input electrical signal to the shaker. M...
Saeed Gul*, Muhammad Irfan*, Hazrat Bilal*, Atta-ur-rehman*, Umair Khan*, Sadaqat ullah khan*
RECYCLING OF USED ENGINE OIL USING SOLVENT EXTRACTION AND DISTILLATION
...ect of operating parameters on the recycling process has been investigated for optimal conditions. The process parameters considered were agitator speed for blending, boiler temperature and solvent to used oil ratio. The maximum recovery for refined oil was 72% using solvent to used oil ratio of 9:1 at a boiler temperature 120° C and agitator speed of 600 rpm. The maximum solvent recovery of 98% was also obtained at the ...
Gul Rukh*, Iftikhar Khan* M. Naeem Arbab*, Uzma Nawaz*
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AN EFFICIENT MICRO-HYDROELECTRIC SCHEME FOR LOW HEADS
...the heads of 3 to 10 meters obtainable from streams and irrigation channels. The low efficiency in already existing hydroelectric scheme used is addressed and compared with the existing scheme. Using the standard equations, trash rack, penstock and turbine is designed thus keeping the power losses as low as 4%. Hence finally an electrical power of 25kW is produced, suitable to run a farm in villages where electricity supply is not available and where cost of t...
Farid Ullah Khan*
ACTUATION ENHANCEMENT OF A MICRO BIMORPH THERMAL ACTUATOR
...res, such as, micro-mirrors, atomic force microscope probe tips, membranes of micro pumps and micro valves, etc. This research is focused on enhancing BTA actuation characteristics. The mathematical model for BTA is used to study the behaviour of a spectrum of material combinations. Although a silicon-aluminum (SiO2-Al) BTA exhibits superior characteristics over a limited operational range, it is found that a silicon-stainless steel (Si-SS) bimorph provides la...
Shaukat Ali*, Shah Khusro*, Laiq Hasan**, Asif Ali Khan**
A SURVEY OF MOBILE PHONES CONTEXT-AWARENESS USING SENSING COMPUTING RESEARCH
...onging to different sectors including automatic road condition detection and traffic monitoring, social networking, environmental pollution monitoring, and healthcare monitoring etc. This paper presents a comprehensive survey of research efforts contributed by researchers, organizations, and academia emphasizing on using mobile phones sensing capabilities for developing effective context-aware applications. Th...
M A Khalid*, A R Ghumman**, H. N. Hashmi**, E. Tanveer*
INVESTIGATION OF PERFORMANCE AND SEDIMENT TRANSPORT OF LOWER BARI DOAB CANAL
...k of canals fed from rivers is influenced by many parameters. Inequitable water distribution, Shortage of water during peak crop water requirements, tempering of insufficient funds for proper maintenance and high sediment loads in canals are worth mentioning issues. In this paper the performance of Lower Bari Doab Canal with emphasis on sediment transport analysis has been investigated using field data. The performance of ca...
Muhammad Waseem*, Irshad Ahmad**, Rawid Khan**, Bashir Alam**, Khan Shahzada**, Muhammad Javed**
STABILITY ANALYSIS OF SOIL SLOPE IN SWABI, PAKISTAN
...il nails and ground anchors were assumed in the analysis for stability of slope with critical condition. Peak ground acceleration value of 0.235 g is determined with site specific deterministic seismic hazard assessment approach. The maximum displacement in the soil slopes with retaining wall, soil nails, and ground anchors are 0.0220, 0.01665 and 0.01529 feet respectively. Results showed that using ground ancho
Syed Farasat Ali Shah*, Amjad Naseer**, Rashid Rehan**
USE OF RUBBER WASTE IN CONCRETE TO REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION- AN OVERVIEW
...ment; therefore researchers have explored new means to effectively manage such waste. Tyre wastes have no exception; it cannot be readily recycled or reused. They are dumped in open grounds around the world. In Pakistan they pose a bigger threat as they are burnt, which results in emission of harmful gases in the atmosphere. Therefore, it is necessary to reuse these rubber wastes to reduce environmental pollution. Rubber wastes can be used in concrete as a par...
M. Nafees*, Bushra Khan*, Robina Naz*
STUDY OF OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH SAFETY IN STEEL RE-ROLLING MILL WITH REFERENCE TO HIGH NOISE LEVEL AND TEMPERATURE
...mit to be 92 dB for 6 hours work shift. A pair-wise t-test indicated that the noise level at all factory zones was significantly different than that of administration section with a p-value < 0.0001. The re-rolling noise level was found to be extremely significant, followed by furnace and unloading section. Likewise the indoor factory heat level is also significant from outside air temperature. The interview survey revealed that the worke
Tahir Usman*, Khan Muhammad*
MODELING OF BLASTING COST AT DEEWAN CEMENT QUARRY, HATTAR USING MULTIVARIATE REGRESSION
...">Blasting is only the first step in the production process for mines and quarries and the cost of which is normally 8% to 12% of the total costs. Hence, reduced blasting cost is one of the main objectives of production blasting at a cement quarry. This paper presents the development of a prediction model for blasting cost per ton at Deewan cement quarry operations, located in Hattar, Pakistan. The dataset primarily consisted of a total of 12 pa...
Muhammad Qasim*, Mohib Ahmad*, Mohammad Inayatullah Babar*, Shahid Bashir*,
Farah Mahmood*, Zeeshan Sabir*
INVESTIGATING THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS PARAMETERS ON EFFICIENCY OF PHYSICAL LAYER DEPLOYED FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
...tion of critical parameters and their effects on overall communication quality in reference to Physical Layer. One of the key factors is antenna design and other factors include physical layer parameters including delay that can contribute critically in defining the quality. Various antenna designs are incorporated in ns-2 simulation envir...
Gulzar Ahmad*, Sahibzada Faheem*, Amjad Ullah*, Waqar Shah*, S.M. Majid Ashraf*
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF RELAY PROTOCOLS USING SIMULATION
... exploit the spatial diversity or antenna diversity. The implementation of the cooperative relaying systems involves less hardware and low complexity but gives comparable performance and diversity gains to the actual multiple antenna systems. The aim of this paper is to compare various techniques used in cooperative relaying protocols. The performance is evaluated in te...
Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Usman Ali Naeem*, Muhammad Ali Shamim*, Muhammad Fiaz Tahir*, Faisal Shabbir*, Jawad Hussain*
DETERIORATION OF ORDINARY PORTLAND CEMENT AND FLY-ASH BASED GEO-POLYMER CONCRETES DUE TO SULFATE ATTACK UNDER THE ACTION OF SULFURIC ACID AND WASTEWATER
...orrosion in concrete sewers and wastewater treatment plants has been a major problem but this issue has not been resolved satisfactorily yet. Generally, deterioration happens due to sulfuric acid reaction with treatment units and sewer materials. Geo-polymer binders especially fly ash (FA) is an acid resistant and can be used as a substitute binder for sewer construction. This research work highlights the labo...
Muhammad Naeem*, Sohail Asghar**
A REVIEW OF FEATURE SELECTION TECHNIQUES IN STRUCTURE LEARNING
...eature selection evaluators, their corresponding searching methods under six well known scoring functions in K2 which is a notable structure learning technique in Bayesian belief network. We have come up with some useful findings for overall computationally efficient approach among eleven evaluators. This analysis is useful in inducing better structure from the given dataset in imparting improved performance m...
Inayat Ullah*, Shah Khusro**, Saeed Mahfooz**, Azhar Rauf**
IMPACT OF NETWORK SCALABILITY ON THE PERFORMANCE OF RIP AND IGRP FOR EMAIL SERVICES
...ile Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS) are link-state routing protocols. Both RIP and IGRP are using different metrics to evaluate best route to a destination in the network. RIP uses a simple metric value of hop-count while IGRP uses a composite metric. A composite metric consists of several attributes like bandwidth, delay, reliability, Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) and load. Usually i...
Muhammad Irfan*, Saeed Gul*, Mohammad Younas*
SOLAR STILL PERFORMANCE FOR SEA WATER PURIFICATION: A STATISTICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
...for the past few years. Current research has been focused primarily using renewable source of energy. The solar energy has been proved to be an economical alternative renewable energy used to extract the fresh water from sea water. The principle objective of the study is to purify the sea water by using solar energy. A pilot scale solar still has been designed, fabricated and optimized for maximum evaporation rate of model sea water. The va...
Zeeshan Sabir*, M. Inayatullah Babar*, Saeed Ur Rehman**, Amjad Ullah Khattak * Syed Riaz Ul Hassnain*
EVALUATING PERFORMANCE OF DIFFERENT ROUTING PROTOCOLS IN MANET ENVIRONMENT BASED ON TCP WINDOW SIZE EVALUATION
...hoc Networks (MANET) refers to an arrangement of wireless mobile nodes that have the tendency of dynamically and freely self-organizing into temporary and arbitrary network topologies. Performance of the MANETs primarily depends upon the protocol running at the backend for routing the packets between the mobile nodes of the network. Each of these protocols has its own pros and cons in different scenarios. In this paper we have simulated an envir...
Muhammad Tahir Manzoor*, Javed Iqbal*, Mohammad Inayatullah Babar*, Zeeshan Sabir* Khizar Azam*
MULTI HOP CLUSTER DESIGN IN WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORKS
...nt environment factors. It is a promising technology which is composed of tiny sensing objects called sensors that are wirelessly distributed in the environment of interest in the form of clusters. Consumption of energy of sensor nodes depends on the size of the cluster and the amount of information send over the network. An inherent problem with the WSN is the consumpt...
Mumtaz Shah*, Hashim Nisar Hashmi* Naeem Ejaz* Abdul Razzaq Ghumman*
PERFORMANCE EVALUATION OF AQUATIC MACROPHYTES FOR MUNICIPAL WASTEWATER TREATMENT
... comparison four parameters including BOD5, COD, Nitrogen and Phosphorus were selected. These parameters were monitored for both the influent and effluent sewage samples. During the entire study, the average reduction of 51% for BOD5, 47% for COD, 19% for phosphorus, and 41% for nitrogen were found with water hyacinth. When the same sewage was treated with Duckweed the values came out to be 34% for BOD5, ...
Hazrat Hussain*, Muhammad Ibrahim**, Navid Ahmed***, Zia ul Haq**, Bashir Alam***
ASSESSMENT OF SEDIMENT TRANSPORT LOAD FROM GOAML RIVER AND ITS IMPACT ON THE GOMAL ZAM DAM LIFESPAN
...early-basis. An eight years sediment data (1981-88) compiled by the surface water hydrology division of WAPDA was analyzed. Based on the available data and using regression analysis a model is developed to establish a correlation between water discharge and sediment load. The model is an attempt to ascertain the rate of erosion in the catchment of the Gomal River since no generalized model has so far been developed to explain the nature of ...
Asif Nawaz*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan, Rehmat Ullah, Khalid Nawab and Urooba Pervaiz
Investigation of Professional Competency Level and Training Needs of Field Assistants in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
...dents was selected and personally interviewed through pre-tested and validated interview schedule. Paired sample t-test and dummy variable regression model were used to achieve study objectives. It was found that Field Assistants were highly competent in conducting farm/home visits followed by conducting meetings and organizing extension campaigns. Highest training needs in professional competency were reported in use of Information and Communication Technolog...
Shahid Ali1, Habib Akbar2, Shamsher Ali3*, Adnan Nasim1, Muhammad Ismail1, Nur Ul Haq1 and Muhammad Usman4
Effect of Planting Sources, Cane Portions and Setts Placement Methods on Sugarcane Yield Attributing Traits
... replications for two years (2012-14). Different planting material i.e., trenched (sugarcane buried in soil to avoid frost damage) and fresh cane (directly obtained after harvesting of standing crop) stalk segments i.e. upper, middle, lower and 33 % (having upper + middle + lower cane portions in uniform proportion of 33) each mixed portions of cane were allotted to the main plots, whereas sub plots were given to methods of setts placement (single, one and hal...
Tanveer Sultan1, Anwaar Ahmed1, Aqsa Qayyum2*, Amer Mumtaz2 and Naeem Khalid3
... cooking quality parameters (cooking time, loss of solids). The sensory scores emphasized that pasta with 30 % buckwheat supplementation was more appealing for taste, color and texture. The study postulated that buckwheat could be used as a potential source of gluten-free bakery products. ...
Fazli Rabbi1*, Muhammad Idrees2, Shahid Ali1, Muhammad Zamin3 and Hazrat Bilal4
Farmers Perceptions and Adoption of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) in Peach (Prunus persica L.) Production and Marketing
...reasing trend among farmers from apple growing to peach (P. persica L.) production in the Swat valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during the last couple of years. However, these peach growers face various contraints in peach marketing. The farmers are reverting to the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs) ...
Sajad Ali1*, Jangraiz Khan2, Arshadullah Jadoon3, Muhammad Riaz4 and Abid Khan1
Evaluation of Farmers Socioeconomic Characteristics Influencing Tomato Output in District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
... justify;">Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is one of the most important and widely distributed horticultural vegetable crops in the world. It is economically attractive to farmers, due to its short duration for ripping which increases productivity. Thus, it is becoming an indispensable source of farmer’s income in Pakistan. The production of tomato has been decreased considerably...
Syed Mufeed Hadi Naqvi1*, Badar Naseem Siddiqui1, Waqar-Ul-Hassan Tareen1, Muhammad Ameer Qarib Naqvi2 and Naseeb Hussain3
Usage of Mobile Phone by Vegetable Growers and its Impact on Vegetable Production
...n for analyzing the factors affecting the usage of mobile phone in vegetable production. Out of four, two tehsils from district were selected by using simple random sampling, then four union councils from each tehsil and three villages from each union council, also selected at random. Due to the limitations of study such as time and financial support five farmers from every village were selected to make a total one hundred a...
Sitara Nawaz1, Shamaila Irum1, Haroon Ahmed2, Shazia Shamas1, Sadia Roshan1, Muhammad Ather Rafi4, Irfan Ullah5*, Gulnaz Parveen3*
...ing to dipteran are vectors of human disease called leishmaniasis. It is one of most neglected diseases in our country. The main purpose of the study was to identify the prevalence of sandflies in selected regions of Panjab and their relationship with hospital-reported cases of Leishmaniasis. Clinical information of 124 patients was recorded. Observable factors of prevalence include age group, gender, financial status, clini...
Sumaira, Ali Mujtaba Shah*, Ghulam Asghar Solangi, Ifra Anwar, Qudratullah Kalwar
... including sheep, ass, horse, yak, goat, bison and camel while the 80 % milk is produced by cows. Milk of camel plays an essential part in the diet of human. Additionally, camel milk comprises numerous fatty acids and enzymes. Hence camel milk has many beneficial effects, such as antiviral, antibacterial, anti-diabetic, anti-carcinogenic and anti-ageing. Besides, camel milk contains abundant proteins which are conductive to improve the immunity functions. Thus...
Zarish Yaqoob1, Saleema Bashir Shams2, Gaitee Joshua2 and Bibi Nazia Murtaza2,3*
...ation of river water adversely affects the growth and productivity of fish and contributes to the human health disasters. River is a trans-country river originating in Himachal Pradesh, India and joins Indus and its tributary rivers in the Punjab province of Pakistan. The present study describes the concentration of heavy metals in the water and different tissues of native fish collected f...
Muhammad Riaz1*, Naureen Akhtar1, Salik Nawaz Khan1, Muhammad Shakeel1,2 and Ateeq Tahir1
Neocosmospora rubicola: An Unrecorded Pathogen from Pakistan Causing Potato Stem Rot
...of morphological characters, nucleotide sequences of internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) and partial beta tubulin gene. Phylogenetic analysis was also conducted to determine the phylogenetic relationship of this species with other reported species of this genus. Pathogenic potential of the isolate was verified by artificially inoculating the spores of pathogen in healthy plants. Appearance of same symptoms and re-isolation of N. rubicola from infected tis...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Saima Sadaf1, Adnan Ahmad1, Usman Rafique1 and Muhammad Arshad Javed1
An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness Level Regarding Integrated Farming System in District Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...S helps small scale farmers to increase cash income, improve quality and quantity of food produced by methodical exploitation of resources. Purpose of the study was to assess the awareness of the farmers to determine the impact of integrated farming system (IFS) on agricultural development and improving the livelihoods in the study area. To accomplish these objectives, an interview schedule was developed as a research instru...
Ejaz Ashraf1*, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Saima Sadaf1, Adnan Ahmad1, Usman Rafique1 and Muhammad Arshad Javed1
An Assessment of Farmers’ Awareness Level Regarding Integrated Farming System in District Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...S helps small scale farmers to increase cash income, improve quality and quantity of food produced by methodical exploitation of resources. Purpose of the study was to assess the awareness of the farmers to determine the impact of integrated farming system (IFS) on agricultural development and improving the livelihoods in the study area. To accomplish these objectives, an interview schedule was developed as a research instru...
Mohammad Aslam Khan*, Samiullah* and Zulfiqar Ali*
DYNAMICS OF URBAN SPATIAL GROWTH AND PLANNING: A CASE STUDY OF PESHAWAR
...nd annually in recent years and in the absence of planning control has seen tremendous urban sprawl. The pattern of development of urban sprawl in Peshawar is typical of most Pakistani major cities, where ribbon sprawl is common along major roads, while leapfrog sprawl is prevalent in the city’s fringes. The uncontrolled expansion in the built up area is typically consuming rich agricultural land an...
Waheed-ur-Rehman*, Amjad Naseer*, Rashid Rehan*, Mohammad Ashraf* and Muhammad Ibrar*
PERFORMANCE OF BRICK MASONRY CAVITY WALLS WITH DIFFERENT WALL TIES
...e two wythes. The first type did not have any ties, the second types had I-shaped ties while the last one had Z-shaped ties. A total of six specimens were fabricated and tested, two specimens for each of the three wall types. The specimens were then subjected to constant vertical and horizontal cyclic loads in a displacement controlled environment. Lateral strength, stiffness and ductility of the walls were determined and compared. Test res...
Asadullah Saleem* and Nadeem Ehsan*
STATUS OF PERFORMANCE MEASUREMENT SYSTEMS IN INFRASTRUCTURE CONSTRUCTION FIRMS OF PAKISTAN
...tion among researchers and construction firms during last two decades. Before a solution in the form of a suitable performance measurement framework could be prescribed to domestic firms to solve performance related problems, it is a pre-condition that one gets to know the health of performance measurement system (PMS) currently practised by these organizations. Questionnaire based survey revealed that there is an empirical evidence th...
Usman Ghani*, Naeem Ijaz* and Daulat Khan**
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF MEANDERING OPEN CHANNEL FLOWS
...: justify;">Flooding occurs worldwide and causes huge loss to human life and property. There is an ever increasing danger of floods due to global warming. The overbank flow studies are important for understanding flow behavior and bed shear stresses during floods and for devising flood protection strategies. This study is based on three dimensional numerical simulation of overbank flows in meandering channels....
Naeem Ejaz*, Daulat Khan**, Usman Ali Naeem*, Muhammad Ali Shamim*, Usman Ghani* and Muhammad Fiaz Tahir*
INVESTIGATION TO CHECK THE FEASIBILITY OF COMPOSTING FOR SMALL CITIES IN DEVELOPING WORLD: A CASE STUDY OF TAXILA CITY
...iving standards of dwellers, with these zones named as poor, average, and rich. A total of fifty, thirty and fifteen sampling sites are selected from each of these zones respectively. Solid waste samples are collected from the selected sites for a week on daily basis, which are then analyzed to find their composition and are recorded accordingly for each zone. The analyses of collected samples indicated that almost 60-70% of generated commu...
Feroza Arshad*, Aftab Ahmed Memon**, Muhammad Aslam Uqaili** and Arshad Habib Malik*
SYNTHESIS OF A NOVEL ROBUST INTELLIGENT CASCADED REACTIVITY CONTROLLER FOR CANDU REACTOR
...moderator level controllers composed of five sub-controllers. The proposed NICRC is designed using intelligent soft computing technique. The original reactivity controller of CANDU nuclear power plant is a networked controller implemented on a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). The new NICRC is designed based on two Intelligent Distributed Cascaded Power Controller (IDCPC) and Intelligent Cascaded Moder...
Shahrukh Khalid* and Athar Mahboob**
A SURVEY ON AUTO-CONFIGURATION MECHANISMS FOR MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORKS (MANETS)
.... Auto-configuration refers to assignment of unique IP addresses to the nodes of MANETs. Due to characteristics of MANETs, assignment of IP addresses to nodes is a non-trivial problem and renders itself as an open issue and potential problem for research. A large number of mechanisms have been proposed for configuring MANET nodes. This paper presents a survey of latest and primitive auto-configuration mec...
Sikandar Khan*, Afzal Khan*, Muhammad Tahir Khan*, Muhammad Ali Kamran* and Abdul Shakoor*
DYNAMIC MODELING AND STARTING BEHAVIOR OF A SMALL HORIZONTAL AXIS WIND TURBINE
...rbine blade parameters and aerodynamic forces that will act on wind turbine blades. Pro/E models were then developed on the basis of these parameters. Pro/E models were imported into ADAMS to calculate the output torques. Our analysis shows that most of the starting torque comes from the hub section of the blade. Various changes were incorporated into ADAMS models near the hub region of the wind turbine b...
Sajid Ullah Butt, Aamer Ahmed Baqai, Syeda Naela Fatima, Hasan Aftab Saeed
MATERIAL HANDLING COST CONSIDERATION IN PROCESS PLAN SELECTION FOR RECONFIGURABLE MANUFACTURING SYSTEM
...lign: justify;">In today’s market, ever-changing products and demands are major concerns for every manufacturer. Reconfigurable Manufacturing Systems (RMS) are so designed as to have customized flexibility and cost-effective reconfiguration whenever a design change in products/product families is needed. In RMS, the process plan is designed such that changes in demand or features etc. can easily be reflected without major loss in manufacturing time ...
Muhammad Shaheen
APPLICATION OF LABELLED K MEANS CLUSTERING FOR GIS CONTRACT AUTOMATION
...ate labels for the clusters obtained from K Means Clustering which makes this technique more decisive for text data sets. A novel application of Labeled K Means Clustering for automation of technical part of GIS contracts is given in this paper. Geographic Information System (GIS) contract which is signed between GIS service provider and a client requires an efficient tracking system during all its vital phases (development, operation and maintenance). At pres...
Faheem Ali1, Muhammad Amir1, Muhammad Iftikhar Khan1, Muhammad Naeem Arbab1, Abdul Basit2, Muhammad Kashif Khan1, Gulzar Ahmad1
AN SVC BASED POWER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT MODEL FOR CONSUMERS CONNECTED TO WEAK BUSSES IN DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS
... residential consumers go with voltage stabilizers as a cheap solution consequently overstressing weak busses. Industrial consumers use other alternatives like switched capacitor banks to cope with low power factor but the limitation is step-wise reactive power injection which does not meet the changing load requirements. Real time improvement requi...
Amjad Hussain1, Ata Ur Rehman2, Zia Ur Rehman Tahir3, Aftab Ahmad1, Fahad Noor3, Qasar Wasique Ahmad1
INVESTIGATION OF EMPLOYEES’ PERCEPTION ABOUT LEAN IMPLEMENTATION
...interact with each other’s and what’s their attitude towards their jobs. Literature reveals that employee’s behaviour towards lean implementation is controversial; some perceives this positive and others take this negative. This study aims at investigating varying employees&rs...
Behram Khan1, Amir Nawaz Khan2, Said Qasim3, Atta-ur Rahman4
ANALYSIS OF HUMAN PERCEPTIONS AND ADAPTATIONS TO FLASH FLOODS IN KHYBER AGENCY, FATA
... households. Respondents’ perceptions were investigated about the occurrence of flash floods, flood damages, nature of affinity towards flood prone areas and adaptation strategies. Cartographic and statistical techniques were applied to process and analyze the data. As a result, the data were analytically discussed and presented in the form of tables, maps and plates. The analysis reveals that people of the area perceived about the recurrence of future f...
Amir Naveed1, Unsia Habib1, Fouzia Parveen2, Syed Naveed Ul Hasan1, Muddasar Habib1, Irfan Shah1
AN INVESTIGATION OF HEAVY AND TRACE ELEMENTS IN COAL DEPOSITS OF MAKARWAL PAKISTAN AND THEIR POSSIBLE IMPACTS ON SURROUNDING WATER-CASE STUDY
...hese coalfields contain arsenic (As) ranging from 3.0–16.34mg/kg, cadmium (Cd) 2.23–4.61 mg/ kg, Co 22.1–29.3 mg/kg, Cr 113.1–288.2 mg/kg, Cu 8.53–23.2 mg/kg, Fe 1133–10813 mg/kg, Ni 44.35–148.8 mg/kg, Pb 18.49–46.25 mg/kg and Zn 25–242 mg/kg. Moreover, the Mk-D coal samples had the high concentration of Ni, Cr, As, and Cd. However, the coal samples from Mk-C had higher contents of Cu and Pb. Whereas, ...
Uzma Nawaz1*, Muhammad Iftikhar Khan1, Muhammad Naeem Arbab1
TECHNO-ECONOMICS OF UPS SYSTEM AS BACKUP POWER SOURCE DURING LOAD SHEDDING
...orced electricity consumers to use backup power sources based on portable generator sets and Un-interrupted Power Supply (UPS) devices. In order to maintain continuity of supply to basic appliances such as lights and ceiling fans, the majority of consumers use UPS with battery backup due to its less initial cost compared to portable generator sets. Following the increased use of battery based UPS as backu...
Sikandar Bilal Khattak, Iftikhar Hussain, Rashid Nawaz
EVALUATING THE SOCIAL ASPECT OF SUSTAINABLE CONSTRUCTION FOR PAKISTAN VIA ANALYTICAL HIERARCHY PROCESS
...bsp;past decade researchers have presented models for sustainability and identified factors for different countries. Most of the definition related to sustainability, sustainable development, and sustainable construction relies on economy, environment and society. This makes social aspect (society) to be of prime importance. This paper focuses on the social aspects of the sustainable construction. Most of the ...
Saman Shahid1, Shahid Ali1, Muhammad Abdullah Ahmad1, Sarfraz Munir2
RE-DESIGNING AND OPERATIONAL ANALYSES OF THE SEDIMENT TRANSPORT CONTROL IN IRRIGATION CANAL NETWORK
...rious work, where engineers spend months to design canals. Over the years, engineers and agriculturists in the Punjab have been trying to find a solution to the sediment transport problem which occurs in existing irrigation system. To address these problems, the canals can be analyzed to point out the flaws in design and operation mechanism. This study u...
Majid Ashraf, Mohammad Haseeb Zafar, Tariqullah Jan
EFFICIENT ROUTING SCHEME FOR UNIDIRECTIONAL LINKS IN MULTI-HOP NETWORKS
...scheme called Active Reverse Route (ARR) scheme is compared with AODV and AODV-Blacklist routing protocols in Multi-hop networks. The performance analysis when compared with the three routing protocols to manage unidirectional links shows that our proposed ARR scheme is superior to the AODV and AODV-Blacklist....
Muhammad Qasim Khan1*, Syed Athar Masood1 and Shahzad Naeem Qureshi2
REFORMULATION OF PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT MODEL FOR PUBLIC SECTOR AUTOMOBILE REBUILD ORGANIZATIONS
...pite huge budgetary disbursements. On the contrary, private sector organizations achieve high productivity and output as these organizations work to maximize their profit. This paper attempts to identify reasons for low productivity and reduced output of public sector automobile rebuild organizations of Pakistan. Input in this research was sought primarily from top, middle and lower management of public sector automobile rebuilt organizations. Data from a...
Muhammad Shahzad1, Arif Iqbal Umar1, Syed Hamad Shirazi1, Muhammad Tariq Pervez2*, Zakir Khan1, Waqas Yousaf1
HCDP: HEPATITIS C DATA BANK OF PAKISTAN
...CDP). HCDP will be the first database that will holds HCV sequences obtained from Pakistani strains and HCV research publication by Pakistani researchers. We proposed a Hepatitis C Data Bank of Pakistan (HCDP) with an online interface. In addition to provision of annotated HCV sequences of Pakistani strains, HCDP allows the user to submit HCV sequences, find out N/O-linked glycosylation, Methylation, Ser/Tyr/T...
Nashitah Alwaz1, Safdar Raza1*, Sadaqat Ali1
A COMMUNICATION-FREE SIGNAL GENERATING TECHNIQUE FOR REACTIVE POWER CORRECTION IN ISLANDED MICROGRID
...active power sharing errors. These errors are minimized by utilizing the proportional integral (PI) controller. The PI controller modifies the y-intercept
and the slop of Q-E (Reactive Power –Voltage) droop characteristic for the correction of reactive power sharing error. Moreover, the parameters of droop and PI controller of inner ...
Zawar Hussain Khan1*, T. Aaron Gulliver2, Khizar Azam3, Khurram Shehzad Khattak4
MACROSCOPIC MODEL ON DRIVER PHYSIOLOGICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL BEHAVIOR AT CHANGES IN TRAFFIC
...is proposed which considers both physiological and psychological driver behavior. Physiological behavior is the time taken to observe and process local traffic conditions and then initiate actions while psychological behavior includes the attitude and awareness of a driver. Thus, the traffic constant encompasses the perception, awareness, attitude, and reaction of a driver. The proposed model is evaluated for changes in traffic flow caused ...
Sikandar Bilal Khattak1*, and Iftikhar Hussain1
ASSESSMENT OF ENVIRONMENT CONSCIENCE CONSTRUCTION PRACTICES IN PAKISTAN USING SIGNAL TO NOISE RATIO
... a global spread. For years, environment-friendly construction, green buildings, lean construction, and sustainable construction has been portrayed as a possible alternative. However, the success factors for environment conscience construction differs in different regions. Identification of these factor is the first step towards achieving ...
Shakir Azim1*, Sahar Noor1, Rehman Akhtar1, Qazi Salman Khalid1, Tufail Habib1, Usman Ghani2
SETTING OF PROCESS PARAMETERS AND EFFECT OF MOULD QUALITY ON SURFACE ROUGHNESS OF PHARMACEUTICAL CUP OF POLYPROPYLENE
...n of key process parameters are acknowledged as important means to deal with liven up the quality of the molded items. Inappropriate or unseemly settings of parameters normally create quality and production issues. Minute changes of significant molding parameters may give an extensive effect to the plastic product’s characteristics a...
Riaz Sayed1, Khizar Azam1, Waqar Shah1, Inayat Babar1, Hamidullah1, and Sahar Noor1
A REVIEW OF DRIVING UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF FATIGUE
...ure trends. Various factors that may contribute to driver fatigue and drowsiness, Fatigue related countermeasures from various sources along with their merits are discussed. The Center for Intelligent Systems Research (CISR) of the George Washington University conducted an experiment at their Vehicle Simulator Laboratory to study driver drowsiness. Results of this study and description of the algorithm ar...
Asad Naeem Shah1,2, GE Yun-shan1, HE Chao1,3
MACROSCOPIC SPRAY CHARACTERISTICS OF DIESEL AND BIODIESEL-DIESEL BLEND: AN EXPERIMENTAL COMPARISON
...the fuels. Both ‘L’ and ‘β’ play a key role in the fuel evaporation and mixing of fuel with air in the combustion chamber. It was found that the injection pressure, spray tip penetration and cone angle of the fuels increased with the increase in injection duration. Furthermore, the injection pressure of B20 was higher than that of diesel because of its higher incompressibility,&nbs...
Abdul Shakoor1, R.A. Sayed2, Khizar Azam2
KNOWLEDGE BASE TECHNOLOGIES AS A NEW PARADIGM IN DATA DRIVEN MANUFACTURING SYSTEM
...rovide the basis for diverse utilization of knowledge base technologies in manufacturing. The effective knowledge sharing framework in manufacturing industries is used to speed-up the New Product Development & Introduction (NPDI) process and improves the effectiveness of information flow in Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) environment. This paper describes the development of Knowledge Base System (KBS) to select process for making cir...
Amjad Ali1, Hong Luo1, Khalid Saifullah Syed2, Muhammad Ishaq2
A PARALLEL DISCONTINUOUS GALERKIN CODE FOR COMPRESSIBLE FLUID FLOWS ON UNSTRUCTURED GRIDS
...ctive compute clusters, composed of mass-market-commodity-off-the-shelf (M2COTS) computer hardware components interconnected via Ethernet. The parallelization is based on computational domain partitioning, making use of the well-known graph and mesh partitioning package METIS. Single Program Multiple Data (SPMD) message passing parallel programming model has been employed, by making use of the de-facto industry standard Message Passing...
Laiq Khan1, Sidra Mumtaz2, Kamran Javed3, S.W. Shah4, M.I. Khan Babar5, S.R. Akbar6
GENERATORS MAINTENANCE SCHEDULING USING HARMONY SEARCH ALGORITHM
...zation problems. Generators maintenance schedules (GMS) play the most significant role for the economical and reliable operation of a power production system. This paper presents the application of harmony search (HS) algorithm for solving generators maintenance scheduling problem. HS algorithm is quite efficient, because, the convergence rate of this algorithm is very fast. HS algorithm is based on the c...
Arshad Ali1, Hashim Nisar Hashmi2
TREATMENT FEASIBILITY OF THE BLEACHING EFFLUENT OBTAINED FROM NSSC PULP AND PAPER MILL IN A UASB REACTOR
...gn: justify;">UASB reactors R-I and R-II each with an effective volume of 6.0liters were used to study the treatability of actual bleaching effluent obtained from NSSC pulp and paper mill at mesophilic temperature and neutral pH. Methanol as a source of an easily biodegradable substance along with an activated carbon of effective size 1.5-2.5mm was added to the reactor R-I to evaluate its efficiency. It was ob...
Faizullah Mahar1, Syed Saad Azhar Ali1, Abid Karim1
DESIGN OF FIXED ORDER ROBUST CONTROLLER USING H∞ -NORM AND EVOLUTIONARY TECHNIQUES: COMPARISONS AND PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS
...ustify;">Robust controllers obtained using H∞ control theory usually have much higher order than that of the plant and it is complex in nature as well. Moreover, in these design methods the order of controller cannot be fixed a priori to control law design. In industrial applications it is hard to execute these controllers practically. To overcome this problem, this paper proposes the use of evolutionary...
Muhammad Naeem Khan Khattak1, Hamidullah1, Shehryar2
PROBLEMS, ANALYSIS AND RECOMMENDATIONS OF THE AUTOMOTIVE VENDOR INDUSTRY OF PAKISTAN—I
...nterviews with vendors of the industry. The problems of car vendors are divided into five major categories: processes/ operations, supply chain, resources, testing & quality control, and poor technology climate. It includes both the vendors who are working for Japanese and local motorcycle assemblers. The analysis of the findings of&nb...
Adnan Ali Khan,* and Shahrukh Khalid**
CAPACITY ESTIMATION OF SIMO SYSTEMS IN THE PRESENCE OF CO-CHANNEL INTERFERENCE
...ns for evaluating system’s capacity using maximum ratio combining (MRC) are presented. The analytical results are verified by developing Monte Carlo simulations. Finally, the effect of variation in cellular parameters including cell size and re-use distance on the system’s performance is studied. It is shown that the employment of multiple antennas at the re...
Usman Ali Naeem*, Hashim Nisar*, Habib-ur-Rehman** and Naeem Ejaz*
DEVELOPMENT OF FLOOD DISCHARGE MODELS USING GIS
...d predict hazards. The first step to all of this is to have accurate information of the catchment areas, so that in coordination with concerned departments, modeling and predictions of futuristic results is possible which will yield better decision making leading to fructifying outcome. Physical hydrologic models for drainage areas are significant utensils to hold water assets management and foresee divers
Muhammad Shaheen*, Muhammad Shahbaz*, Zahoor ur Rehman* and Sajid Mehmood*
A METHOD OF DATA MINING FOR SUSTAINABLE HYDROCARBON EXPLORATION
...p;sustainability indicators had been agreed by world experts in a summit held in South Africa in 2001. These indicators will have different values for different countries depending upon the economy, energy reserves, living standards and social conditions. Depending upon these values, a methodology is proposed in this paper to find optimal hydrocarbon exploration rate that will ensure sustainable energy develop...
S.W. Shah*, M.I. Babar*, L. Khan**, M.N. Arbab*, H. Ullah*** and R.A. Syed***
RELIABLE MULTICAST IMPLEMENTATION IN JAVA
... order. One of multicast’s weaknesses is its lack of reliability due to its use of UDP for data transmission. Reliable transmission means that there should be no packet loss, no disordering and no duplication of packets at the receiver side. The focus of this paper is to implement Reliable Multicast using Java, which is mainly used for one-to-many connections. This work focuses on reliable multicast in a local area network (LAN) envir...
Rafi Javed Qureshi* and Iftikhar Hussain**
INTERNATIONALIZING MANUFACTURING SMEs IN A DEVELOPING REGION: AN EXHAUSTIVE CDA-BASED EXPLORATORY APPROACH
... risk seeking entrepreneurs. Exporting remains the dominant mode of internationalization and entry to foreign markets by SMEs in both developing and developed economies. When data on SMEs attributes and entrepreneur’s characteristic is categorical, single methodology to analyze factors influencing exporting are far from sufficient. A multi-method and exhaustive approac...
Rashidullah*, Irshad Ahmad**
SEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS OF ISLAMABAD
...he ground motion parameters. Maximum PGA of 0.49g by BA08 NGA obtained for Islamabad at rock site due to Main Boundary Thrust (MBT). In PSHA using the Crisis-2007 software, PGA values with 10% probability of exceedance in 50 years i.e. the return period of 475 years have been determined. The PGA results obtained at bedrock are 0.28g by BA08 NGA attenuation relation.
...
Muhammad Waseem*, Irshad Ahmad**, Muhammad Asif Khan**
DETERMINISTIC SEISMIC HAZARD ANALYSIS AND SELECTION OF TIME HISTORIES FOR DYNAMIC ANALYSIS FOR A SITE IN SWABI
...out five billion US dollars. After this earthquake, most of research activities were directed to define earthquake hazard. However, amongst other problems in those studies, one hard decision is the use of attenuation relationship as no such equation is developed for Pakistan. These studies either do not consider the newly developed New Generation Attenuation (NGA) equations or use a single NGA equation. The purpose of this study is to utili...
Samet Hasan Abaci1,*, Hasan Onder1, Mustafa Sahin2 and Esra Yavuz3
...encies and differences Jersey (J), Brown Swiss (BS) and Holstein Friesian (HF) breeds which are commonly raised in Turkey were used in this study. This study aimed to statistically determine the optimal position and number of knots in cubic spline regression used for modeling lactation curves. Knots were taken as 60, 90, 120 and 150 days and combinations of them for every breed. To compare the Mean Square Errors (MSE) of the...
Kadir Karakuş1, Turgut Aygün2, Şenol Çelik3, Mohammad Masood Tariq4*, Muhammad Ali4, Majed Rafeeq4 and Farhat Abbas Bukhari4
...nd some environment factors such as birth type, dam age, lamb’ age in control and live weight on testis characteristics were also researched. The furthest importance sequence was obtained for testis length (TESLENG) (100%), followed by age, testis diameter (TDIA), age in control (DAGE), birth weight (BW), around scrotum (SCC), scrotum length (SCL) and birth type (BT). TDIA > 8.5 and DAGE will provide 21.06 unit to l...
Parakriti Gupta1, Kapil Goyal2 and Mini Pritam Singh3*
Hepatitis E Virus and Zoonosis
...rted in Japanese wild boars while HEV genotypes 7 and 8 have been reported in camels from Middle-East countries. Considering the increasing globalization of food markets, the possibility exists of widespread HEV infection in new areas of the world. In the present era, there is a need to study transmission dynamics of HEV in context to humans, animals and the environment so as to develop better prevention control measures through ‘One Health&
Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta1,2*, Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar3*, Muhammad Shoaib4, Wangyuan Yao3, Muhammad Asif5, Shah Nawaz6, Moazam Ali7 and Ayesha Kanwal8
Exploratory Study on the Psychological Impact of COVD-19 on Students
...done from different universities of Pakistan. The results showed that the students are more concerned about their family members (p=0.00). Under this influence they have increased the frequency of handwashing and use masks when they have to go outside. More than half of the students (53.09%) were afraid of the COVID-19 and similar pattern was noted about depression (54.86%). About 57.5% students were willing to take part in ...
Mohammad Enamul Hoque Kayesh1,2*, Mohammad Tufazzal Hussan3, Md. Abul Hashem2,4, Mohammad Eliyas5 and A.K.M. Mostafa Anower1
Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Infection: An Emerging Threat to Cattle Health in Bangladesh
...September 15, 2019 the first occurrence of LSD outbreak in Bangladesh has been reported to the OIE (World Organization for Animal Health). LSD is a vector-borne disease, and climatic conditions of Bangladesh are favorable for the propagation of vectors, which should influence the rapid transmission of LSD in the cattle population of Bangladesh. Therefore, LSD may appear as a big challenge to cattle health in Bangladesh in th...
Dibyendu Biswas1*, Shib Shankar Saha2, Shankar Biswas3 and Md. Abu Sayeed4
Outbreak of Lumpy Skin Disease of Cattle in South-West Part of Bangladesh and its Clinical Management
... through biological vectors such as mosquitoes, flies and ticks. Sporadic cases of LSD have been observed in cattle elsewhere. The aim of the present study was undertaken to evaluate the present scenario of LSD and its clinical management at different house-holds at south-west region of Bangladesh. A structured questionnaire was developed and data were collected from the two upazila (Monirampur and Abhaynagar) at Jessore district. A total of 52 small house-hol...
Mehwish Liaquat1*, Arshad Mahmood Malik1, Muhammad Ishaq1, Hafiz Muhammad Qasim Ashraf2 and Ismara Naseem1
... justify;">Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) is an important vegetable crop of Pakistan. Tomato is most edible and nutritious vegetable crop. The study was performed at the Institute of Hydroponic Agriculture PMAS Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi to check the growth and germination behaviour of different tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum L.) varieties grown under hydroponic condition...
Javed Iqbal1, Ali Zohaib1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Adnan Bashir1, Wardah Muzaffer2, Naeem Faisal1, Muhammad Tahir Latif1 and Sami Ullah1
...o sowing time. This 3-years study was conducted to ascertain impact of sowing dates on grain yield and critical yield component of different wheat varieties. Wheat varieties (Lasani-08, Faislabad-08, Millat-11, AARI-11 and Punjab-11) were sown on different sowing dates (November 01, November 15, November 30 and December 15). Yield and related traits of all varieties were decreased by delayed sowing. Early sown crop (November 01) had maximum emergence which dec...
Markus I. Francis1*, Paul I. Ankeli2, Clara N. Kwanashie1, Jibril Adamu1, Lushaikyaa Allam1, Mashood A. Raji3, Godwin O. Egwu4, Flavio Sacchini5 and Massimo Scacchia5
Detection of Mycoplasma bovis from Cattle Presented for Slaughter in Adamawa and Taraba States, Northeastern Nigeria
... Yola and Jalingo abattoirs in Adamawa and Taraba States, respectively Samples were processed based on standard laboratory protocols. An overall Mycoplasma bovis isolation rate of 0.83% (4/480) was obtained. Based on the states studied, 1 (0.35%) and 3 (1.53%) M. bovis were isolated from Adamawa and Taraba States, respectively with an insignificant association between M. bovis infection and the states sampled (P>0.05). Based on organs/site sampled, 2 (5.40%...
Sikander Hiyat1, Nazim Hussain1, Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani2*, Muhammad Nasir Abbas2, Smana Raza3, Javed Shabbir Dar4 and Tauqeer Ahmad Yasir5
...h and yield (no. of flowers plant-1, no. of square plant-1, no. of open and un-open bolls plant-1, seed cotton yield and cotton seed yield) parameters were recorded. The results revealed that exogenous application of mepiquat chloride @ 0.61 L ha-1, significantly reduced plant height as compared to control treatment. However, it did not reduce all other yield attributes of cotton. Among the row spacing treatments, widely spa...
Hina Imtiaz1*, Salma Khalid2, Kashaf Riaz1, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3 and Zubair Rehman4
...tested for basic parameters like color, odor and turbidity while EC, pH and TDS were checked on-site by portable water quality meter. The assessment of heavy metal concentrations i.e. Lead (Pb), Copper (Cu), Nickel (Ni), Chromium (Cr), Zinc (Zn), Mercury (Mg) and Cadmium (Cd) were carried by Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer. Significant concentrations of heavy metals were detected except Cu, Ni and Zn. Assessment regarding the types of waste generation, dis...
Sinan Uzundumlu1, Yesim Buyukates1,*, Murat Yigit2, Musa Bulut2, Rıdvan Kaan Gurses1 and Barbaros Celikkol3
...m. Water quality parameters such as temperature, salinity, pH and dissolved oxygen, total suspended solids, chlorophyll-a and inorganic nutrients such as NO2+NO3, NH4, PO4 and SiO2 were observed between May 2014 and September 2014 in the study area. The observed results were compared with acceptable limits pronounced in international organizations such as EPA and FAO, and national organizations such as WPCR and RTMAF...
Ming-Yan Shi2, Xu-Liang Yan1, Ping-Ping Han1, Yu-Jie Tang1 and Hui-Xia Li1*
...s, which improve our understanding of the important role that miRNAs play in SMSC adipogenic differentiation.
...
Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal1*, Ijaz Ahmad2, Shahzad Maqsood Ahmed Basra3, Abu Baker Ijaz4, Zahid Hassan Tarar5, Muhammad Ansar6, Umer Iqbal7, Tayyaba Naz4, Bilquees Fatima8, Muhammad Akram9, Allah Wasaya10, Asif Iqbal11, Shakeel Ahmed Anwar12, Khalid Saif Ullah Khan13, Azeem Khalid14, Asif Aziz15 and Rashid Mehmood16
...monoecious plant, is adversely affected by high temperature during anthesis. Asynchronous fertilization and pollen desiccation reduce maize yield by reducing grain number and their size. Spray of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), salicylic acid (SA) and ascorbic acid (AsA) may induce heat stress tolerance. Spray of SA, AsA, and H2O2 increased chlorophyll, relative water and nutrient contents, membrane stability index (MSI) and antioxidants activities in heat stress. M...
Ghulam Murtaza1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Muhammad Ashraf Malik2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Ayesha Zafar1 and Sher Muhammad3
...pproach along with Tukey’s test (HSD) at probability level of 5% for comparing treatments significance. ...
Muhammad Usama Hameed*, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani, Sajjad Khan and Allah Bakhsh
...better agronomic characters and improved fodder yield. For initial two years (2006-07 and 2007-08) selections were made, and head-to-row method was used to reduce hetrozygosity. In 2009-10 and 20010-11, this line was evaluated in preliminary yield trials, where it produced average 80.71 tha-1 green fodder yield while S-2000 produced 67.13 tha-1 (16.82% more green fodder yield than check). In terms of dry matter 20.100% incre...
Guang-Hui Tan, Yi-Yu Zhang*, Yuan-Yu Qin, Lei Wu and Jie-Zhang Li
...um levels of genetic diversity. Association analysis revealed that two SNPs were significant association with at least four of seven lipid indexes. Allele A of CDS 216 A>G locus and allele T of CDS 681 T>A locus was favorable to improving meat quality, respectively. Three haplotypes and six diplotypes were identified by the combination of two SNPs. Diplotypes had dominantly affected on tested lipid indexes except for IMF. Diplotype H1H1 was advantageous ...
Zakeer Ahmed Khan Abbasi* and Allah Nawaz
...es of Pakistan. Pakistan’s agriculture is vulnerable to the cataclysmic transformations in the climate system; causing productivity loss, soil degradation, water scarcity, resource depletion etc. Climate change awareness empowers the farming communities to take appropriate measures to mitigate the negative consequences of this phenomenon but the responses are not necessarily identical in scale and forms . In developed ...
Matiullah Khan1*, Humera Arif2, Muhammad Rasheed2, Motsim Billah3 and Shoaib Ahmad1
...onsumption of P fertilizers in the country during the year 2017-18, 85.4% was imported. The most expansive P fertilizers’ application is continuously increasing the cost of crop production. The huge amount rock phosphate (RP) found in Hazara area of Pakistan can be utilized as P source by preparing Single Super Phosphate (SSP). The spatial variation in minerology of Hazara RP might h...
Haiyan Yang1, Hongxia Liu1, Wenlong Wu1*, Weilin Li2 and Lianfei Lyu1
...ar ‘Hull Thornless’ was chosen for drought stress analysis. All plants were grown in pots under greenhouse conditions, and were subjected to 20-day drought stress by withholding irrigation, followed by re-watering for 5 days. The changes in leaf water content (LWC), electrolyte leakage (EL), concentrations of photosynthetic pigments, protein, soluble sugar, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), ascorbate (AsA) and reduced glutathione (GS...
Roni Koneri1*, Meis Nangoy2 and Pience V. Maabuat1
...an be used as bioindicators for evaluating environmental changes in long-term studies (biogeography) and short-term studies (conservation biology). This research study was aimed to analyse the composition and diversity of dragonflies in Tunan Waterfall area, North Sulawesi, Indonesia. Sampling was conducted from March 2018 to May 2018 at at three types of habitat, namely primary forest, secondary forest, and agricultural lan...
Magbolah Salem Helal Alzahrani
...ry properties. The plant’s healing properties come from its flowers, which contain volatile oils including bisabolol, bisabolol oxides A and B, and matricin as well as flavonoids. This study aims to elucidate the possible therapeutic applications of different levels of M. chamomilla on the functional status of liver, in rats injected with carbon tetrachloride (CCl4), a known hepatotoxin. Thirty-six ma...
Mumtaz Ali Khan1, Sher Bahadar Khan2, Shakoor Ahmad2, Irshad Ahmad3, Kashif Prince1*, Ghazunfar Rashid1, Mahboob Ali1, Imdad Ullah Khan4, Asad Ullah5, Naimat Ullah4, Muhammad Shoaib2 and Said Sajjad Ali Shah2
...nt physiological biomarkers in Clostridium perfringens (CP) infections in Balkhi breed of sheep in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Study was conducted on 184 sheep suspected of having enterotoxemia and 107 sheep were identified to be infected with Clostridium perfringens. Genotypic Analysis of all isolates from infected sheep was performed. Results showed, 53.27% isolates showed infection of CP type A, 10.28% of type B and 36.44% of type D. ...
Olga Mikhailovna Blinnikova1*, Vadim Anatolyevich Babushkin1, Lyudmila Gennadievna Eliseeva2 and Galina Severyanovna Usova3
Modeling a Formulation and Assessment of the Consumer Properties of the Special Purpose Starch Drink
.... Drinking kissel is a perspective product type for enrichment the CCR (Central Chernosem Region’s) fruit and berry’s by collagen and natural physiologically active agents. At the same time the new types of drinking kissel useful to health, in assortment are which confirms the feasibility of updating the range due to enriched drinking kissels. Drinking of one glass of kissel co...
Syeda Farzana Bibi* and Siraj-ud-Din
Fluorescence Analysis, Extractive Values and Cytotoxic Screening of Crataeva adansonii DC Leaf and Bark through Brine Shrimp Larvae Assay
...gs. It lays down parameters for authentication and standardization of drugs. The cytotoxic study helps in the evaluation of a drug for its toxicity, which is determined by the prevention of growth and replication. Such drugs can be used to treat cancer, multiple sclerosis and rheumatoid arthritis. During the present study ethanolic extracts of leaf and bark parts of C. adansonii were evaluated through cytotoxic activity. Brine shrimp larvae assay was cond...
Kamran Ghasemi1*, Mostafa Emadi2, Asghar Bagheri3 and Mehdi Mohammadi1
Casing Material and Thickness Effects on the Yield and Nutrient Concentration of Agaricus bisporus
...om. Four casing layers comprising commercial casing soil (CCS), spent compost (SC), coco peat (CP) and vermicompost in three thicknesses (2, 4 and 6 cm) were evaluated in this study for production of Agaricus bisporus. The CCS treatment had the most mushroom yield (27.03 Kg m-2) whereas CP casing layer showed the minimum yield (4.43 Kg m-2). The same results were obtained in total yield of compost and biological efficiency. The CCS treatmen...
Waqar Majeed1, Naureen Rana1, Elmo Borges de Azevedo Koch2* and Shahla Nargis1
...nt-size: small;">The diversity and distribution of arthropods associated with seasons and environmental variables in two different wetlands sites was estimated and study was performed on monthly basis for a whole year. The arthropods were collected by sweep net, direct hand picking, forceps. For each sampling day in each month, 20 sweeps were randomly taken in each block. The insects at rest or on shrubs were manually collected. Overall, 5867 individuals were ...
Mazhar Abbas1*, Kishwar Jam1, Rashid Iqbal Khan1, Muhammad Zafar-ul-Hye2, Tariq Rafique3 and Zahid Mahmood4
Mahak Fatima1, Memoona Syed1, Rabia Zeeshan2, Farah Rauf Shakoori3, Naveed Shahzad4, Moazzam Ali1 and Zeeshan Mutahir1*
...MTH1) catalyzes the conversion of oxidized purine nucleotides to their monophosphate forms, thus preventing their incorporation into DNA and subsequently to oxidative damage. The present study explores the relationship between MTH1 gene silencing and its outcome on the growth of gemcitabine resistant breast cancer cells named MCF7-R. For this purpose, we transfected MCF7-R cells with MTH1 specific validated siRNA. Successful transfection of siRNA...
Maryam Yousaf1, Naveed Shahzad2, Zeeshan Mutahir1 and Moazzam Ali1*
...es are important regulators of intracellular trafficking, having distinct intracellular localisation for controlling endocytic, exocytic, and recycling pathways. The impairments in Rab pathways have been linked with drug resistance in various cancers. However, the role of Rab21, an endocytic Rab GTPase, in the emergence of drug resistance is not known. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the role of Rab21 in MRP-1, drug efflu...
Ayesha Noreen1, Amina Elahi1, Dilara Abbas Bukhari2 and Abdul Rehman1*
..."font-size: small;">The arsenite resistant Bacillus cereus 3.1S, isolated from pesticide industry effluent, showed maximum growth at pH 7 at 37 °C in LB medium after 24 h of incubation. The strain tolerated As3+ up to 40 mM and also showed resistance against Pb2+ (8mM), Cd2+ (6mM), Cr6+ (6mM), and Cu2+ (10mM). The arsenite oxidase is responsible for the conve<...
Hamed A. Ghramh,1, 2, 3,Zubair Ahmad 1, 2, 4, Khalid Ali Khan1, 2, 3*and Farhat Khan4
...i> is recorded for the first time from Saudi Arabia. Characters of these new species and their affinities with related species are discussed.
...
Mah Jabeen and Amjad Farooq*
... found to exist among years regarding the population of aphids on Brassica species. The population of aphids showed significant difference among years for B. napus whereas B. juncea, B. compestris and B. rapa showed non-significant difference. The crop seasons 2009-2010, 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 did not show significant difference regarding the population of aphids at various dates of observ...
Muhammad Khan1, Tehmina Ameer Khan1, Aziz Ud Din2, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1, Irfan Ullah3,*, Kalim Ullah4, Sadia Tabassum1,*
... mt-2467A>T while others have been previously reported, in patients of German and French population. For the first time, the mt-1888A>G and mt-1811A>G mutation in MT-RNR2 gene have been observed in patients of HCM in the Pakistani population and even not found in the control group of the same families. No mutation in mt-DNA encoded tRNAIle, and tRNALeu genes were observed, the mutations detecte...
Zubair Ahmad1, 2,5, Hamed A. Ghramh1, 2, 3,Khalid Ali Khan1, 2, 3*, Kavita Pandey4 and Farhat Khan5
...gus Shujauddin and Varshney and C. (A.) chailini (Walker and Huddleston) have also been recorded. The importance of apico-dorsal spine of metasoma for taxonomy is discussed. An updated checklist of chelonine leafminer parasitoids from the Indian subcontinent is also provided.
...
Kui Li1, Lijun Li1, Jialun Fu2, Yi He2, Zhaohui Song2, Shuiping Zhou2, Luobu Gesang1* and Rui Liu2*
...without any specific adverse effects, relieving clinical manifestations of AMS, especially after rapid ascents (Clinical Trial Registry Number: NCT03270787).
...
Abdul Waheed*, Asim Faraz, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq
...cal analysis. The farmer’s family size averaged 6.4±1.6 with average monthly income of Rs. 14322.6±3026.4. These rural household had on the average 11.4±4.5 hens, 2.1±1.1 cocks, 6.9±4.5 chicks, and 4.5±3.4 laying hens. Majority of them kept hen in khuda (a small need-based structure like small room for keeping birds). Most of them offer grains to the desi birds and majority was aware of poultry diseases, mainly k...
Murtaza1, Syed Attaullah Shah1*, Shahid Ali1, Amjad Ali1 and Asia Baig2
Economic Analysis of Maize Production in Central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
... crop and estimated growers’ technical efficiency in central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Stochastic Frontier analyses were conducted over primary data, collected from randomly selected 119 maize growers. Profitability analysis confirmed high net-return for hybrid maize as compared to local maize crop. The estimated Stochastic Frontier Model-1 showed that maize yield is positively a...
Ali Hazrat1*, Mohammad Nisar1, Khan Sher2, Jehandar Shah2, Tour Jan1 and Abid Ullah1
Taxonomic and Medicinal Study of Papilionaceae of District Upper Dir, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...anges from 1200-4000 meters during 2015-2017. They were taxonomically determined with the help of key characters, the uses of these native plants were recorded such type of study was concluded for the first time in the selected area of Dir (Upper). In view of the fact that these plant species are scarcely distributed, hence struggle should be made to protect them. The key objective of the ...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Ana Maria Marino de Remes Lenicov2, Roxana Mariani2, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Tahir3, Misbah Rizwan4, Muhammad Sabar1, Ch. Muhammad Rafique1, Muhammad Afzal5
...="font-size: small;">Diversity of planthoppers and their host plants were studied in the “Kallar” tract of the Punjab, Pakistan (an important growing area of the world for producing Basmati rice). Planthoppers are considered the most important pests of rice. Delphacidae and Cixiidae are families of planthoppers with the most harmful spec...
Shagufta Parveen1*, Kousar Perveen1, Muhammad Afzal1, Syed Amir Gilani2, Muhammad Musadaq3
...ta was entered in SPSS version 26 and analyzed for results. A total of 200 infants were included in the study, of which 94 (47%) of infants were less than 6 months old, and 106 (53%) were 6-12 months old. 102 infants (51%) were male and 98 (49%) were female. 113 (56.5%) infants under study were started weaning at less than 6 months of age of which 58 (51.3%) were found to be underweight for their age and 29 (25.7%) were shorter than the 50th percent...
Erum Bughio1, Ahmed Sultan Jatoi1*, Jibran Hussain2, Muhammad Hayat Jaspal3, Shahid Mehmood2, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq4, Reema Bughio5 and Athar Mahmud2
Comparative Study of Carcass Traits in Four Strains of Japanese Quail (Coturnix japonica) at 3 to 6 Weeks of Age
...h automatic nipple drinkers all the times. There was a provision of ad-libitum broiler-quail ration feeding as per NRC standard. Data on live weight, dressing percentage, keel length, keel angle, length of shank, giblets and length of intestine were calculated. ANOVA technique was used for data analysis and DMR Test for comparison of means. Significant (p<0.05) differences were observed in mean slaughter and liver weight (g) in quail birds. Significant (p&l...
Oluwatoyin Olagunju1* and Luqman Abiodun Akinbile2
Farmers Perceptions of the Effect of Rural Transportation Systems on Farming Income in Ondo State, Nigeria
...olonged deplorable and worsening state of rural roads in the country. This study examined the perceived effects of rural transportation systems on farmers’ income in Ondo State, Nigeria. A structured interview was used in eliciting information from 120 farmers in rural communities across the two local governments in the study area using a two-stage...
Tehmina Aslam, Shagufta Saeed*, Muhammed Tayyab, Huma Mujahid, Ali Raza Awan, Sehrish Firyal and AbuSaeed Hashmi
...various physical parameters was also performed. Highest yield of PHB was obtained by fermentation of 4% (w/v) wheat bran after 48 h of incubation with 4% (v/v) inoculum volume at pH 7.0 and 37oC. Among different nitrogen sources tested, 0.2% peptone gave the better yield (285 mg/100 mL), while yeast extract decreased the amount of PHB. The outcomes of the present data indicate that agricultural wastes can be used for the production of polyhydroxybut...
Jam Nazeer Ahmad1,*, Samina J.N. Ahmad1,2,*, Mubashir Ahmad Malik1, Abid Ali1, Muhammad Ali3, Ejaz Ahmad1, Muhammad Tahir2 and Muhammad Ashraf2
...es and molecular characters were observed using digital camera and PCR technique, respectively. For molecular identification, DNA was extracted through CTAB method and polymerase chain reaction was performed using mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (COI) gene based primers. Gel electrophoresis of the PCR products of desert locustsindicated a 710bp amplified DNA fragment on 1.5% agarose gel. DNA sequence analysis of PCR produ...
Zhi Yijin, Shao Mingqin* and Li Quanjiang
...ter areas. Of species pairs, the pied avocet Recurvirostra avosetta and Eurasian spoonbill Platalea leucorodia have the highest habitat niche overlap, as their diet and foraging pattern are similar; these two species reduce competition by foraging in different areas. Three small-sized shorebirds are recorded in each water depth category. Both spotted redshank Tringa erythropus and common greenshank Tringa nebularia have high water d...
He Wenyun, Zhi Yijin and Shao Mingqin*
...rtion were the main factors for habitat selection. The results suggested that safety was the primary factor in habitat selection. The main foraging method was up-ending (61.54%); the duration of each up-ending foraging behavior was 1.92±0.83 s and foraging frequency was 14.67±4.43 times/min. This foraging strategy may be determined by food distribution and morphological structure.
...
Gregory Ejikeme Odo1,*, Juliana Ekenma Agwu1, Nkechi Nweze2, Clara Ikegbunam2,Felicia Ekeh N1, Vincent Ejere1, Ngozi Ezenwaji1, Reginald Njokuocha2, Godwin Ngwu1 and Fabian Okafor1
...ance (ANOVA) with Duncan’s multiple comparison post hoc tests to compare the level of significance between control and experimental groups. Group A served as control in which no leaf extract was administeredwhilegroupsB,Cand D
Tao He1,2,3, Cheng-jing Chen4, Jian-guang Qin3, Yun Li1,2, Rong-hua Wu1,2 and Tian-xiang Gao4,*
...rier coefficient, Fisher’s discriminant analysis accurately classified 76.2% specimens into correct stocks whereas the discriminant function of shape indices only correctly identified 62.8% specimens into right stocks. As the sagittae in L. haematocheilus had an irregular round shape with many sharp notches, this study indicates that Fourier analysis is more suitable than shape indices to discriminate sagittae with irregular shapes. Our res...
Andrei V. Tanasevitch1 and Yuri M. Marusik2,3,4,*
..., 2014) and clearly differs by the shape of the embolus. The type locality of new species is northwesternmost for the genus in Asia.
...
Shouguo Yang1, Fen Cheng1, Xiangyu Wu1, YiXuan Xing1, ZhiFeng Gu2 and Xianming Tang1,*
...sent study provide the first biological reference to H. ternatanus and are useful for assessing the growth and resource assessment of H. ternatanus.
...
Fei Wang1, Xianlai Zhang1, Youbao Zhong2, Xiaoen Tang3, Xiaofen Hu1,
ShanShan Yang1, Shengwei Zhong1, Zuohong Zhou1, Jin Liu1, Xu Yuan1
and Yong Li1*
...ys contain VIP nerve fibers with deep staining. Unexpectedly, the results of RT-qPCR showed that the expression level is consistent with that of immunohistochemical detection. It is indicated VIP probably participate in the functional regulation of pigeon intestine as a key role and mediate the neuroendocrine and mucosal immune system as an information molecule due to the high expression of VIP. It will provide the basis for clarifying the biological function ...
Muhammad Jan1*, Tanveer ul Haq2, Hina Sattar3, Madiha Butt4, Abdul Khaliq5, Muhammad Arif6 and Abdul Rauf7
...ht and precipitation adversely reducing the crop productivity and these are considered as an alarming issue for the crop production in rainfed areas. Chick pea is deemed to be regarded as a drought sensitive crop. The low water and fertilizer demand and its ability to grow on marginal land is an excellent choice for the farming community. The field trial was conducted with the aspect to screen out the drought-tolerant variety of chick pea keeping in view the p...
Muhammad Riaz Gondal1,2*, Aqib Riaz4, Sultan Ahmad Rizvi2, Bushra Zulfiqar2, Waqas Naseem2, Humara Umar3, Ahmad Hussain1 and Mazher Iqbal3
...ing summer seasons of years 2018 and 2019. It was observed that application of Glyphosate and Paraquat @ 2 L ha-1, 1.5 L ha-1 reduced the grassy weeds after first cut of S.S. Hybrid up to 99.6%, 87%, 64.8% and 54.3 % respectively. However, somewhat better control i.e., 99.5%, 98.9%, and 95.5%, 94.66% respectively was obtained during 2019. Clodinafop and Puma super suppressed the grassy weeds only for 10-15 days during 2018 a...
Feng-Mei Yang1, Rui Li2, Xiu-Xue Hu3, Yong Liang4, Bo Gao3* and Wei Chen3*
Ashfaque Ahmed Nahiyoon1*, Nasira Kazi2 and Shahina Fayyaz2
...64 is reported for the first time from Pakistan during the present studies on cotton.
...
Aribah Naz1*, Uzma Badar1,Afsheen Arif2*, Zaid Qureshi1, Sondas Saeed1,Erum Shoeb1, Maqsood Ali Ansari1 and Obaid Yusuf Khan1
...hem to survive under diverse environmental conditions including high salinity and low pH. Ease of detection is one of the prominent features of these glowing organisms to be the center of attention of many researchers and scientists. The focus of the study is to characterize and identify local Gram negative luminescent bacterial strain isolated from gut of Nemipterus japonicus commonly known as Japanese threadfin brea...
Sumaira1, Syed Mohsin Bukhari1, Maqsood Iram2, Arshad Javid1, Ali Hussain1, Waqas Ali1, Khalil Ur Rehman3, Shahla Andleeb3, Irfan Baboo4 and Nimra Khalid1
...d and environmental factors have been studied in ecdysis process in Indian rock python. Ten experimental animals were observed in captivity and it was noted that ecdysis was more rapid during summer compared to winter. Furthermore, ticks and mites were recorded during both the seasons while internal parasite species belong to genus Pseudomonas, Staphylococcus and Streptococcus were recorded from Python molurus. Higher temperature an...
Zengwen Huang1,2, WuReliHazi Hazihan2*, Baheti Bodai2, Kadyken Rizabek3, Nuralieva Ulzhan3, Omarova Karlygash4, Juan Zhang1 and Yaling Gu1*
...eed is well adapted to harsh environmental conditions and displays strong disease resistance, fast growth, and high cold tolerance. The effect of small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the expression of follistatin inhibin alpha gene (INHα) in YM sheep was analyzed, and the INHα gene was amplified from total RNA of the ovary tissue of YM sheep and was successfully cloned. The eukaryotic siRNA expression vector was constructed with the cloned gene as the ...
Huma Abbas1*, Nazir Javed1,Muhammad Kamran2, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Hira Abbas3, Ehetisham-ul-Haq2, Abdul Jabbar1, Mehwish Naz1 and Ihsan Ullah4
...ode reproduction parameters was observed in all the chemicals as compared to root dip method. Efficacy of all the chemicals was also tested in microplots already infested with nematode. Significant suppression in nematode population was observed in all the tested chemicals when applied in infested microplots. The results of the present investigation suggest suitable management option for the growers having nematode problem i...
Yan Zhou1,2, Hai Xia Han1,2, Qiu Xia Lei1,2, Jin Bo Gao1,2, Wei Liu1,2, Fu Wei Li1,2, Jie Liu1,2 and Ding Guo Cao1,2*
...sis of yolk protein precursors. To better understand the effects of VLDLR on reproduction in chickens, the haplotypes and diplotypes based on three genetic mutations (NC_006127.2:g.8467G>A, NC_006127.2:g.12321G>A and NC_006127.2:g.13876A>G) were constructed, and the associations of diplotypes with reproduction traits were assessed, their effects on gene expression were evaluated a...
Arifa Khan1*, Danish Anwar2, Shazia Erum3, Naveeda Riaz1, Shahid Riaz4, Tariq Rafique3 and Zafer Iqbal2
Screening of Exotic Potato Germplasm against Potato Virus PVX, PVY and PLRV through Biological and Serological Test (ELISA)
...ith medium number of tubers and shoots plant-1 while CIP-5 was a dwarf genotype with minimum tuber yield. Genotype CIP-6 produced more number of tuber plant-1 but CIP-22 followed by CIP-10 produced the highest tuber yield plant-1. Majority of genotypes produced round shape tuber with yellow, white skin color and cream flesh. Likewise, maximum genotypes had medium to shallow eye tubers except CIP-9 and CIP-13, which had deep ...
Shahzad Malik* and Ayesha Khan
Gap Analysis of Farmers’ Capacity Building by Public and Private Agriculture Extension Sectors in Central Plain Valley of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...apacity building of farmers by public and private agriculture extension sectors. Three districts namely Peshawar, Mardan and Charsadda were selected purposively. In order to carry out the research, in the three districts of Peshawar, Mardan and Charsadda one tehsil was selected from each district i.e. Town-4 from Peshawar, Takhtbhai from Mardan and tehsi...
Muhammad Ismail1, Tufail Ahmad2, Shamsher Ali2*, Shahid Ali1, Nur Ul Haq1 and Naveedullah3
Heavy Metals (Pb and Ni) Pollution as Affected by the Brick Kilns Emissions
...ut on Peshawar Ring Road’s south direction between chimneys of bricks preparation that were named A and B with distance of 300 m. The kilns were positioned such that Southern direction of chimney of A was north for the chimney B. A total of 36 (18+18) soil and wheat leaf samples were collected in four directions. Samples were collected at varying distances (100, 200,300 meters) from chimneys. Similarly, samples of dust...
Debunking Myths about COVID-19, Paranoiac Misconceptions, Recent Developments and its Current Stance
Zumama Khalid1, Muhammad Abrar Yousaf2, Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2, Muhammad Munir3 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1*
...at individual and states’ levels to help fight against COVID-19.
...
Zubair Ahmad1, 2, 4, Hamed A. Ghramh1, 2, 3,Khalid Ali Khan1, 2, 3*, Farhat Khan4 and Shujauddin5
...notus compressus adversely affects the parasitoid effectiveness of Lysiphlebia mirzai and Aphelinus desantesi. The aphids got 31% and 26.3% parasitism when attended by C. compressus and C. subnuda Mayr., respectively. Further in the presence of these two dominant species the other ants viz., Paratrechina longicornis (Latr) and Tapinoma melanocephalum (F.) are unable to make contact with the aphids and even chased a...
Yan Wen1, Liu Lian2, Zhuang Xun3, Murong Jiaying4, Cui Shuyi1, He Wanwen1, Mai Guanghuai5, Huang Wenzhu1, Chen Gang1,* and Wang Zhijun1,*
...COPD alleviated patients’ symptoms, increased exercise capacity, improved respiratory muscle function, reduced symptoms of depression and anxiety, enhanced rehabilitation outcomes, and promoted quality of life. Thus, it was suggested as an effective auxiliary exercise rehabilitation method.
...
Ishrat Perveen1, Yasar Saleem2 and Javed Iqbal Qazi3*
...st knowledge of the authors, it is the highest known dietary consumption value of HCAs worldwide. This study presents a plausible positive association between the high temperature cooking methods and higher quantities of HCAs in RTE Chicken kabab commercially available from Pakistani markets.
...
Aamir Khan1, Rabia Noushin2, Mohammad Attaullah3, Shahid Naiz Khan1, Rafiqe Hussain4, Farman Ullah Dawar1, Faiz Ur Rehman1, Muhammad Ijaz1 and Kalim Ullah1*
...ing age less than two years showed high positivity for bothB. boves (49.23%)and B. bigemina (26.15%). Similarly rate of positivity for both B. boves (47.12%)andB. bigemina (25.13%) was reported high during summer season.
...
Israr Yasin1, Ismail Qureshi1*, Shahjahn Qaimkhani1, Gulam Mustafa Solangi3, Ismail Qaimkhani1, Ismail Brohi1 and Abdul Ahad Soomro2
A Perspective on Household Dairy Farming in District Naushahro Feroze, Sindh, Pakistan
...er household. Small numbers of buffalo and cattle bulls were recorded. Average number of 5.55 goats per households was reported by 35% of all the households. On an overall basis, 2,365 liters of buffalo milk was computed from 600 households, while 1,033 liters (43.7%) was used in households and 1,332 (56.3%) liters was sold. About 1,868 lite
Muhammad Ahsan Naseer1, Mehdi Maqbool1, Saima Rafiq2*, Noosheen Zahid1, Abdul Hamid1 and Syed Zulfiqar Ali Shah1
Comparative Analysis of Physical and Biochemical Attributes of Edible Fig (Ficus carica L.) Collected from Three Districts of Azad Jammu and Kashmir Located at Different Elevations
...d figs obtained from diverse localities have different attributes in terms of physical as well biochemical properties. Maximum fruits weight (6.24 g), fruits diameter (24.09 mm), and neck length (9.51 mm) was observed in fruits harvested from Arja location of Bagh District, while the minimum fruit weight (2.48 g), fruit diameter (16.69 mm), and neck length (2.81 mm) was observed in fruits harvested from Khoiratta location of District Kotli. Similarly, in terms...
Amir Afzal, Muhammad Ijaz and Sayed Rashad Ali Shah*
Determination of Suitable Growth Stage for Application of Fungicide against Stripe Rust in Wheat
... yield and yield parameters were recorded and analyzed. Significant difference was observed between treated and untreated plots at various growth stages when treated in susceptible genotype (Ihsan, 2016) and contrary in case of resistant genotype (16C038). As a result, 16C038 showed resistant response whereas Ihsan2016 highly susceptible response. It was revealed that application of fungicide is rational in situation when cultivated crop is prone to disease an...
Khalil Ahmed1*, Amar Iqbal Saqib1, Abdul Rasul Naseem1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Muhammad Khalid2, Imtiaz Ahmad Warraich3 and Muhammad Arif4
Use of Hyacinth Compost in Salt-Affected Soils
...y in all studied parameters of rice and wheat crops and soil properties. Therefore, integrated use of gypsum @ 50 % of GR + hyacinth compost @ 10 t ha-1, seem as economical and a potential agro-ecological strategy for improving the deteriorated properties of saline-sodic soil and crop production. ...
Adnan Arshad1*, Huma Qamar2, Ristina Siti-Sundari3, Zhang Yue1, Muhammad Zubair2, Muhammad Ali Raza4, Muhammad Habib-ur-Rehman5 and Lizhen Zhang1*
Phenotypic Plasticity of Spineless Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Cultivars in Response to Exogenous Application of Salicylic Acid under Rainfed Climate Conditions
...rainfall are common factors affecting crop productions in rainfed areas worldwide. This research intended to identify spineless Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) performance in acclimating changing climate, as safflower has gained prominence as an oilseed industry due to its hardiness in nature. A two-factor factorial experiment using completely randomized block design (RCBD) followed by five spineless safflower cultivars ...
Ummad ud Din Umar1, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi1*, Ishfaq Ahmed1, Ateeq ur Rehman1, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar2, Sibghat Ullah3, Shah Pasand4, Zehri Khan3 and Abdur Rehman5
Prevalence and Serological Detection of Spiroplasma citri, a Cause of Citrus Stubborn Disease in Southern Punjab, Pakistan
...now mandarin and feutral’s early appeared as resistant cultivars against CSD infection in all the surveyed areas. Small acorn shaped, lopsided fruit and leaves with shortened internodes were appeared to be characteristic disease symptoms in Citrus stands of Southern Punjab....
Iram Bilqees1, Yasir Iftikhar1, Mustansar Mubeen1,2*, Qaiser Shakeel3, Ashara Sajid1, Zahoor Hussain4, Aqleem Abbas2, Muhammad Aamir Sohail2, Judith Jeruto Kiptoo5 and Shehzad Iqbal2
Use of Nutrients and Plant Extract to Manage Okra Yellow Vein Mosaic Disease (OYVMD) in Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan
...n conclusion, the cultivars Indian Rachna were resistant to OYVMV and its vector. The growers are advised to apply micronutrients along with the plant extracts to control these diseases to enhance the okra production....
Kanwar Muhammad Raheel Mehboob1, Rashid Iqbal2*, Muhammad Israr3,4, Jaweria Shamshad5, Umair Riaz6, Muhammad Habib-ur-Rahman7,8, Fawad Ali9, Arif Nawaz10, Maliha Sarfraz11, Abdul Waheed12, Muhammad Tahir Khan13 and Muhammad Aslam2
Assessment of the Consequences of Heat Changes on Cotton Cultivars Growth, Phenology and Yield at Different Sowing Regimes
...xecution of three cultivars of Bacillus thuringiensis Cotton (Bt. Cotton) at different sowing systems during summer 2015 at cotton research station Regional Agriculture Research Institute Bahawalpur (RARI) Pakistan. The test was directed in an irregular complete block design (RCBD) with a split-plot course of action comprising of three replications. One factor comprised of six planting dates (for example April15 and 30, 15 a...
Olugbenga Omotayo Alabi1*, Ayoola Olugbenga Oladele2 and Ibrahim Maharazu3
Profitability Analysis and Marketing Efficiency of Soyabean (Glycine max) Value Chain among Actors in Abuja, Nigeria
...x) value chain among actors in Abuja, Nigeria. This study was designed specifically to achieve the following objectives: describe the socio-economic characteristics of soyabean marketers, determine the marketing cost, marketing margin, and marketing efficiency of soyabean, analyze the costs and returns of marketing soyabean, evaluate factors influencing or affecting marketing efficiency of...
Hafsa Naheed* and Hidayat-Ur-Rahman
Genotype by Environment Interactions of Vegetative Growth Traits of Bread Wheat Genotypes
...our locations for two years; Research Farm, of the University of Agriculture, Peshawar; Agriculture Research Station, Buner; Agriculture Research Station, Baffa, Mansehra; and Barani Agriculture Research Station, Jarma, Kohat (one year only). Data were recorded on leaf area, plant height, biological yield and straw yield. Highest plant height was recorded for G02, G31 and G11. The exotic lines included in the study generally...
Abid Khan*, Mukhtar Alam, Yousaf Jamal and Hidayat Ullah
Appraisal of Yield and Yield Components of Wheat with Integrated Management of Nitrogen Sources
.... Winter wheat variety Pirsabak-2015, as a test crop, was sown on 12th November at same piece of land following same randomized layout each year. Farm Yard Manure (FYM) and Poultry Manure (PM) were used as organic while Urea as inorganic sources of nitrogen. Treatments were N1 (Control), N2 (all added N from Urea), N3 (all added N from FYM), N4 (all added N from PM), N5 (½ of added N from Urea + ½ from FYM), N6 (½ of added N from Urea + &f...
Muhammad Jawad1*, Shahid Riaz Malik1, Rana Muhammad Atif2, Haris Ahmed2 and Muhammad Shahzad Afzal3
Species Identification of Gram Wilt Complex through ITS Region by PCR-RFLP Analysis
...ein source for poor farmers in the developing countries. Yield and production severely challenged by biotic stresses. Wilt complex is the major biotic factor that contribute significantly in yield loss. Wilt complex is caused by various pathogens, including diverse type of Fusarium species. Molecular approach is a useful technique for the identification of wilt complex pathogens. The study conducted to identify the polygenet...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1*, Mumtaz Hussain1, Muhammad Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahmad1, Rao Wali Muhammad1, Sami Ullah2, Adeel Abbas3, Ijaz Ahmed4 and Muhammad Zeshan5
Effect of Balance Use of Fertilizers on Performance of Wheat Under Arid Climatic Condition
... treatment. Maximum tillers/plant (3.1), spikelet’s/plant (2.9), and spike length (8.9 cm) was found in 86-58-62.5-3 kg NPK + Zn/ha treatment. Furthermore, highest grains/spike (83.4), 1000 grain weight (4.3 g), and yield (6381 kg/ha) was found in 86-58-62.5-3 kg NPK + Br/ha treatment. Our results demonstrated that compared with sole addition of macronutrients, addition of both macro and micronutrients together practic...
Talib Hussain Solangi1, Bhai Khan Solangi1*, Muhammad Saleem Sarki2, Muhammad Akbar Lashari1, Mubeena Pathan3, Velo Suthar4, Barkatullah Qureshi4, Mitha Khan6, Razzak Amin Shah5 and Aeman Afzal6
Varietal Preference of Sucking Insect Pests on Mustard Varieties, Sindh, Pakistan
...stard variety ‘S-9’; while highest population of 4.36±0.42/plant was recorded on variety ‘Bard-2’. Thrips showed that lowest thrips population of 7.30±1.81/plant was recorded on mustard variety ‘S-9’; while the highest population of 10.63±2.84/plant was recorded on variety ‘Bard-2’. Jas...
Safina Naz1, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi2*, Bushra Siddique3, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4 and Abdur Rehman5
Exogenous Application of Selected Antioxidants and Phyto Development Directors Influenced the Development, Output and Biochemical Attributes of Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.)
...ical attributes of Lycopersicum esculentum fruits during 2014 and 2015. Foliar spray of GA3(100 ppm) and 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (200 parts/million and 100 parts/million) give rise to significantly taller plants and greater leaf area while, shorter plants and lower leaf area was recorded in control. Greater leaf number per plant was obtained with application of GA3(100 ppm). This was followed by salicylic acid (200 ppm). Leaf number was significantly lesser in t...
Rana Shahzad Noor1,2, Fiaz Hussain2, Irfan Abbas3, Muhammad Umair2, Abu Saad2, Muhammad Umar Farooq4 and Yong Sun1*
Assessing Sustainability of Rainfed Wheat (Triticum Aestivum) Production under Various Soil Tillage Systems: An Energy and Economic Analysis
...AS-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi during 2018 and 2019 wheat seasons. The study treatments were evaluated in term of energy analysis and economics of wheat production. Highest energy inputs obtained were fertilizer, seed and fuel + oil energies in all tillage systems for wheat sowing, respectively. Results interpretation indicated that the highest (2,300 kgha-1 and 40.56 lha-1) and lowest (1,930 kgha-1 and 8.97 lha-1) wheat yields were measured in CT ...
Tong Zhang1,2, Feng Xu1,*, Ming Ma1 and Peng Ding3
...also compared the behaviors of black-necked cranes in different periods and places. The results indicate that the diurnal time budgets of cranes in autumn in breeding area are more like the wintering budget in wintering area than breeding season in breeding area. Cranes changed their diurnal time budget and behavior rhythm to adapt the environmental and social changes.
...
Sehrish Firyal1,*, Ali Raza Awan1, Muhammad Umair Latif1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Muhammad Wasim1, Shagufta Saeed1 and Imaad Rashid2
...i-allelic molecular markers, easy to interpret and uniformly distributed within genomes. In this study cytochrome b (Cytb) gene based SNPs analysis was employed to genetically characterize the Pakistani domestic breed Lathy pigeon. Cytb haplotype for local domestic breed was developed. Homology analysis of Cytb gene revealed Columbia livia as closest homologue of Pakistani Lathy pigeon with five novel SNPs. Phylogenetic analysis of ...
Chao Zhao1,2, Sigang Fana2 and Lihua Qiua2,3,*
...ation between these factors are less studied. Therefore, we aimed to investigate the effect of bacterial dynamics and water quality factors on Penaeus monodon larvae. We recorded the survival rates, water quality (total ammonia, nitrite, and nitrate concentration), heterotrophic bacteria, and vibrios during different P. monodon stages(nauplii, zoea, mysis stage, postlarvae). In ponds 1, 2, 3 and 4, the sur...
Muhammad R. Khan1, Bushra A. Rakha1,* and Muhammad S. Ansari2
...l;">Morphometric characters and meristic counts of genera Shizothorax and Schizothorichthyes have been studied from River Swat, Pakistan. Monthly collection of both Genuses was conducted and identified on morphometric and meristic counts and fin formula. The minimum and maximum range, mean, standard error, percentage of various parameters in total length and head length were estimated. The meristic characte
Hari Prasad Sharma1*, Shova Adhikari1, Yogesh Rai1, Rajkumar Sijapati1, Sapana Chand1, Manisha Karki1, Rubina Thapa Magar1, Ashik Husain1, Khadka Bahadur Khatri1, Melina Karki1, Samiksha Badu1, Sushila Bajracharya1, Somika Pathak1, Rachana Shah2 and Chiranjibi Prasad Pokheral2
...s. The presence of visitors and their activities affect the behavior of animals in the zoo due to the structural design and the attractiveness of animals. The more attractive bird, ostrich Struthio camelus in Central Zoo of Nepal is suffering from visitors’ activities. Both male and female ostrich turn their heads many times towards visitors...
Muhammad Shakeel1*, Mudussar Nawaz1, Zahid Naseer1, Muhammad Fiaz1, Asghar Khan1, Muhammad Imran Khan1, Awais Ur Rehman1, Ahmad Yar Qamar2 and Ali Raza3
Caprine and Ovine Serological Evidence of Brucellosis in Five Districts of Punjab, Pakistan
...for small ruminant handlers as well as Veterinarians. The present study reports the seroprevalence of brucellosis in different sheep and goat breeds in five districts of Punjab, Pakistan. A total of 1239 serum samples were collected from male (n=73) and female (n=1166) different sheep (n = 865; Pak-Karakal, Thalli, Lohi, Kajli and non-descript type) and goat (n = 374; Teddy, Beetal and non-descript type) breeds of variable age groups (0 months to 4yea
Murtaza, Shahid Ali*, Syed Attaullah Shah, Mehran Ahmad, Irfan Ullah and Jahangir Khan
Adoption of Hybrid Maize Technology in District Mardan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...vealed that younger farmers were comparatively more adoptive of the hybrid maize technology. Education level, number of adult males involved in agriculture and land holdings of the farmers affected the adoption of the hybrid maize technology positively. The owners as compared to tenants and farmers having main sources of income other than agriculture wer...
Arif Alam1*, Faridullah2, Ikram Shah1, Shahzad Khan3, Noor Elahi1 and Ehsan Inamullah1
Estimation of Farm Level Technical Efficiency in Maize Production at the High Mountain North Region of Pakistan
...stify;">Gilgit-Baltistan’s economy is mostly based on subsistence crops production. The ecosystem of mountain is fragile and tends to be relatively low productive due to number of factors. Therefore, the present study was aimed to know the opportunities of productivity due to improving the technical efficiency of maize crop, and to determine the factors which influence maize producti...
Inam Ullah1, Mahfooz Khan2*, Munir Khan2, Himayatullah Khan2 and Azra3
Factors Affecting Different Wheat Varieties Yield in District Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan: A Comparative Analysis
... a vital role in country’s economy. However, wheat productivity in Pakistan still is very inadequate due to some reasons. The present study is focused on inputs used by the wheat growers and its effect on the output of three wheat crops varieties per hectare. Primary data were collected from 150 selected respondents randomly in district Peshawar. For this purpose, the effect of various inputs was separately analyzed us...
Dilshad Ahmad1* and Muhammad Afzal2
An Empirical Analysis of Economic Efficiency and Farm Size of Cotton Farmers
...fficiency of cotton farmers in southern Punjab of Pakistan. Farm-level allocative, economic and technical efficiency of samples of 240 small, medium and large-scale cotton farmers was estimated using Stochastic Frontier Approach of district Rahim Yar Khan Punjab, Pakistan. Empirical findings of the study indicated that medium farm size cotton farmers were more allocative, technically and e...
Amit Sharma1* and Pankaj Sood2
Sonographic Assessment of Ovarian Follicular Dynamics during Breeding and Non-Breeding Season in Gaddi Goats
...ce of three to five numbers of follicular waves in both seasons. Significantly higher (P<0.01) number of follicular waves (4.0±0.21 versus 3.18±0.12), number of follicles at wave emergence during second (2.85±0.26 versus 1.77±0.14; P<0.01) and third wave (2.57±0.2 versus 2.0±0.16; P<0.05), along with sho...
Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud1, Yonis Abukar Mohamed2, Osman Sheikh Ali Jama3, Pravin Mishra4* and Mohamed Idiris Mohamed5
Prevalence and Major Pathogens Associated with Clinical and Subclinical Mastitis in Dairy Camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Benadir Region of Somalia
...ectively. The hind quarters were more frequently affected than the fore-quarters. The bacteriological inspection of milk samples revealed that Staphylococcus spp. was the primary etiological agent in both clinical and subclinical mastitis in camels (38.88%), followed by Streptococcus spp. (18.51%), Enterobacterium spp. (14.81%), Corynebacterium spp. (14.81%), Micrococcus spp. (5.55%), Pasteurella spp. (5.55%) and Pseudomonas...
Paul Oludare Adetunji* and Safiriyu Idowu Ola
Comparative Productive Performance among three Plumage Varieties of Noiler Hens
... with three plumage colours (brown, black and barred) were divided into 3 replicates with 10 birds per replicate in each of the variety. Data were collected on the pubertal parameters (age at first egg and crouching behaviour) from 16-22 weeks of age; egg production performance indices (egg weight, hen day egg production-HDEP, feed efficiency-FE/dozen eggs and pers...
Malik Gul Hassan Awan, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz, Muhammad Ansar, Adeel Anwar, Umber Abbasi and Hashmat Mahmood
Influence of Foliar Application of Mineral Nutrients on Biological Nitrogen Fixation of Rainfed Soybean
...f nutrients. Nodule numbers increased from 0.12 plant-1 without nutrients spray to 0.99 plant-1 with nutrients spray. Number of pods increased 7.5 % to 45% with foliar application of nutrients. The highest number of pods (74 per plant) was recorded for Ajmeri-1 with foliar application spray. Increase in biomass yield with foliar application of nutrients was 18 % to 112%. The highest biomass yield was 4.8 t ha-1 from Rawal-1 with nutrients application. Increase...
Mohsin Ali Alias Mehran Khan Solangi1, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Asad Ali Khaskheli1*, Turab Ali Korejo3, Nazeer Ahmed Rajput2, Qurban Ali Memon3 and Maqsood Ahmed Kumbhar4
Influence of Camellia sinensis on Broilers Performance
..., Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam. The birds were distributed into 4 groups A, B, C and D containing 48 chicks in each. Birds of group A were supplemented with 5g/L Camellia sinensis, group B with 10g/L, group C with 15g/L, while group D was control. The findings of the current study revealed higher feed intake (4480g/b), water intake (8960ml/b), live body weight (2356.8g/b), weight gain (2322.8g/b), carcass weight (1381.8g/b) in group D (control) and lo...
Tabassum Yaseen1*, Shehzad Ahmad1, Khushnood Ur Rehman2, Fayaz Asad1, Abdul Waheed1, Rani Gul3, Hussain Gulab4 and Naveed Akhtar2
Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Spore Density and Root Colonization in Weeds of Carrot field at Charsadda, Pakistan
...jor weeds of District Charsadda. In the present study roots and rhizospheric soil of 15 weeds species belonging to 12 families were collected from Carrot field of District Charsadda and was investigated for the sporulation and root infections types. From the recorded results the highest spore density was found in Melilotus indica having spore number 276 which is followed by Malva neglecta and Sonchus asper having spore numbe...
Rao Wali Muhammad1, Hafiz Muhammad Wasif Ali2*, Amir Hamza1, Muhammad Qadir Ahmad2, Abdul Qayyum2, Waqas Malik2 and Etrat Noor2
Estimation of Different Genetic Parameters in Various Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Genotypes under Field Condition
...lity for studied parameters and to partition the germplasm into various cluster groups on basis of their mean performance. A value of 74% was indicated by the first three PCs, which showed the highest variability between studied parameters. Eigen values >1 contributed variability between the genotypes under field condition. Minimum and maximum heritability estimates ranged between 77.4%...
Muhammad Arsaln1, Sair Sarwar2*, Rizwan Latif1, Junaid Nawaz Chauhdary3, Munazza Yousra2 and Shahbaz Ahmad2
Effect of Vermicompost and Microbial Inoculants on Yield, Soil Fertility and Economics of Wheat under Rainfed Conditions
...tion of mineral fertilizers, organic amendments and microbial inoculants not only maximize the crop production and economic returns but also improve the soil health. A two years field study was conducted in the farm of Barani Agricultural Research Institute, Chakwal (32o55’33”N, 72 o43’30”E) to evaluate the integrated impact of ve...
Rabab Rafaqat1, Habib Ahmed Rathore1, Tariq Masud2, Imran Hayat1* and Imtiaz Hussain1
Determination of Different Chemical Constituents of Fruit, Leaves and Oil of Olea cuspidata (Wild Olive) Grown at Rawalakot, Azad Jammu and Kashmir
... above mentioned parameters except oil content which was higher (34.43±1.1 %) in fruit. Our study also showed that the leaves of Olea cuspidata are rich source of polyphenolic contents than that of fruit and can be used as additives in different food products in order to get their benefits....
Abdul Jalal, Abdur Rab* and Naveed Ahmad
Aloe Vera Gel Coating Retains Persimmon Fruit (Diospyros kaki) Quality during Storage at Room Temperature
... decreased the loss of persimmon fruit quality during storage at room temperature. Storage at room temperature (26±2 °C) resulted in significant decline in fruit firmness, percent acidity, and ascorbic acid content with a concomitant increase in total soluble solids (TSS), organoleptic quality (Taste) score and decay incidence. Coating of persimmon fruits with 30% Aloe vera gel retarded the storage related changes...
Mohammad Javad Golmohammadi1, Hamid Reza Mohammaddoust Chamanabad1*, Bijan Yaghoubi2 and Mostafa Oveisi3
GIS Applications in Surveying and Mapping of Rice Weeds in Guilan Province, Iran
...for a period of three years (2014-2016). Echinochloa crussgalli was the more important species in 10 regions of Guilan province. The Langarud and Rudsar regions each with 47 species and Anzali and Shaft with 25 species (with 71.2 and 37.9 percent, respectively) had the highest and lowest species diversities, species diversity in 2015 was more than 2014 and 2016 yea...
Joseph Anejo-Okopi1*, Obinna Oragwa Arthur2, Ocheme Julius Okojokwu1, Sarah Joseph1, Geoffrey Chibueze1, Joshua Adetunji1, Joseph Ameh Okwori3, David Ochola Amanyi4, Otobo I. Ujah5 and Onyemocho Audu6
Seroprevalence of Rift Valley Fever Virus Infection among Slaughtered Ruminants in Jos, North-Central, Nigeria
...ore with livestock handlers who get occupationally exposed to Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) because of frequent contact with infected vectors, animal body fluids and other tissues. We aimed to determine the prevalence of antibodies against RVFV in slaughtered ruminants in Jos, North-Central, Nigeria. Blood samples were collected from 100 livestock (cattle and goats) at selected slaughter locations in Jos Metropolis. Questio...
Iram Sharif1*, Amna Nazir1, Eram Shahzadi2, Shahid Munir Chohan3 and Ghulam Sarwar4
Influence of Sowing Dates on Cotton Growth (Gossypium hirsutum), Yield and Fiber Quality
...portant role in Pakistan’s economy. It faces various environmental conditions which restricts its growth and production. The study was carried out at Cotton Research Station, Faisalabad, during the year 2018-19. The objective of the research was to evaluate the sowing date effects on growth, yield parameters and fiber quality of cotton and genotypic assessment in two sowing dates. The set of six genotypes was sown in t...
Shahid Nadeem1*, Taj Naseeb Khan1, Mushtaq Ahmad1, Adnan Younis2 and Iram Fatima3
Influence of Plant Growth Regulators by Foliar Application on Vegetative and Floral physiognomies of Gladiolus
...diolus. The maximum numbers of days (7.90) for the sprouting of gladiolus corms were counted with 1mM of SA similarly maximum plant height (93.60cm) and maximum numbers of leaves (9.86) were observed by 1.75mM SA. The relationship between plant’s vegetative phase and growth regulators stood noteworthy resulted in maximum leaf length (71.14cm), rach...
Attiq ur Rehman1,2*, Iftikhar Hussain Khalil3 and Ihtisham Ali4
Genetic Diversity and Traits Association in Tetraploid and Hexaploid Wheat Genotypes in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan
...ly important traits renders the basis for development of a successful crop improvement program. An experiment containing 16 wheat genotypes (8 durum and 8 spring wheat) was conducted in crop season of year 2015-2016, at The University of Agriculture, Peshawar. The experimental design used was a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. The parameters under study were...
Yasir Arafat1*, Syeda Nabahat2, Hafiz Ullah3, Afaq Ali Muluk4 and Azra5
An Analysis of Energy Supply and Oil Price Shocks on Agricultural Productivity of Pakistan
...orld Development Indicators and Pakistan Agricultural Statistics (PAS). Energy supply, Foreign Direct Investment and Oil prices has been taken as an explanatory variables and determinants of agricultural productivity in Pakistan. The study uses Autoregressive Distribution Lag model (ARDL) to measure the correlation between dependent and independent variables. In order to know the stationarity of variables, unit root test is used by employing Augmented Di...
Tahseen Ullah* and Noor ul Amin
In Vitro Antibacterial Activity of Medicinal Plant Extracts
...y of Life Sciences, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK. Two different concentrations (low, 5 mg/ml and high extracts, 300 mg/ml) of these plants were evaluate against two different bacterial strains i.e. Bacillus subtilis and E. coli using disc diffusion method to uncover antibacterial potential of the plants extracts. The antibacterial investigation was performed in three replicates using disc diffusion technique using Nutrient Agar Media for the growth of ...
Qurrat ul Ain Akbar*, Saqib Arif, Shahid Yousaf, Salman Khurshid and Najmus Sahar
Effects of Flour Particle Size on Farinographic Properties of Wheat Dough
...nated separately into coarse (1000 to 1500µm), medium (500 to <1000 µm) and fine (<500 µm) fractions on the basis of particle size. All the farinographic parameters (except dough development time) were influenced by particle size of wheat flour. Water absorption was negatively related with flour particle size. Dough stability was positively related to flour particle size whereas the degree of softenin...
Shahzad Khan*, Munir Khan, Inayatullah Jan, Mahfooz Khan and Fida Muhammad Khan
Determinants of Sugarcane Yield in District Charsadda, Pakistan
...cane crop in district Charsadda in the year 2018. Three villages viz. Kamran Kalay, Aspandehri, and Sarfaraz Kalay were selected purposively. Primary data were collected with face to face interview method from 41 randomly selected sugarcane growers through structured questionnaire. The selection of farmers was based on proportional allocation technique in the selected villages. For data an...
Shaiza Rasool1, Iftikhar Ahmad1*, Khurram Ziaf1, Irfan Afzal2, Muhammad A.S. Khan1, Muhammad Aashir Sajjad1 and Muhammad Zain Ali1
Seed Conditioning Effects on Germination Performance, Seedling Vigor and Flower Production of Zinnia elegans
... and flowering. In the first experiment, a 3% moringa leaf extract (MLE) showed the earliest (2.8 d) and the highest germination rate (90%) with an average root length of 4.2 cm. Hydro-priming resulted in the largest seedling fresh weight (0.8 g), seedling shoot length (5.8 cm), and seedling vigor index (980). The seedling vigor index was determined by multiplying the percent germination with the seedling length (cm). In the second experiment, seeds treated at...
Muhammad Zamin1*, Anees Muhammad1, Ibadullah Jan1, Hidayat Ullah1, Shahen Shah2, Muhammad Amin3 and Haroon Ur Rashid4
Production of Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) as Affected by Bulb Size and Planting Medium
...d among top ten cut flowers in floriculture industry. Quality production of cut flowers for market depends upon bulb size and growing medium. To investigate the best type of planting medium and suitable bulb size for commercial production of tuberose, an experiment was conducted in the Horticulture Nursery, University of Swabi, Pakistan in the year 2019....
Muhammad Zamin1*, Anees Muhammad1, Ibadullah Jan1, Hidayat Ullah1, Shahen Shah2, Muhammad Amin3 and Haroon Ur Rashid4
Production of Tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) as Affected by Bulb Size and Planting Medium
...d among top ten cut flowers in floriculture industry. Quality production of cut flowers for market depends upon bulb size and growing medium. To investigate the best type of planting medium and suitable bulb size for commercial production of tuberose, an experiment was conducted in the Horticulture Nursery, University of Swabi, Pakistan in the year 2019....
Ateeq Ahmad1, Umar Hayat2, Shahid Ali2*, Hazrat Bilal3, Naveed Ali2, Khan Mir Khan4 and Khalid Khan4
Descriptive Analysis of Water Resources in Pakistan: A Perspective of Climate Change
...uture of Himalayan glaciers at risk due to emerging climate change in the region. Pakistan is located in rid region where the issue of water security is forefront problem particularly for agricultural sector. While its use in various sectors like industrial and urban push the country further into water crises. The purpose of present research is to highlight the significance of water resources and shift in rainfall trend in P...
Moazam Ali1, Wajid Ali2, Ayhan Ceyhan2 and Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta3*
Pigmentation Genome Influence in Animals and Human Interventions in its Course of Action
...ext-align: justify;">Colors’ beauty creates a fascinating effect on the mind, presence of multi-colored birds, fishes, pure colored animals in our community and the wild always remained attractable to humans. The color pigmentation is essential in animals regarding beauty, tick resistance, photo-protection, camouflage appearance in wild, and identification. Pigmentation is a complex and multi-factorial regulated proces...
Muhammad Zahid Mengal1, Hamida Ali2, Raheela Asmat3, Muhammad Naeem1,4, Ferhat Abbas1, Abdul Samad1, Mohammad Zahid Mustafa1, Jannat Raza2 and Tauseef M. Asmat1*
...t TB in less than two hours. The RIF-resistance pattern in Balochistan, Pakistan, is not documented. This study was aimed to detect RIF-resistant TB and mutations in RNA polymerase beta (rpoB) gene of M. tuberculosis within 81-bp RRDR in Quetta, Pakistan using GeneXpert® MTB/RIF assay.In total, 2300 clinical specimens were collected from suspected TB patients at Fatima Jinnah General and Chest Hospital Quetta, Pakistan between Janu...
Nadeem Abbas Shah1*, Ejaz Ashraf1, Hafiz Khurram Shurjeel2, Zaheer ud Din Mirani3, Usman Rafique1 and Raees Abbas Shah4
Assessing Perceptions of the Households-heads Regarding Food Security Status in Drought-hit Areas of District Tharparkar, Sindh, Pakistan: A Case Study for Agricultural Extension
...ents perceived that factors such as global warming and climate change, unproductive land, depleting water resources, unavailability of drought-tolerant crop varieties, lack of health facilities, lack of awareness for food security measures, lack of Extension services in the area, limited income resources, and insufficient information for food security were the main factors cause food insecurity in the study area. The results...
Sajad Ali1*, Naeem Ur Rehman Khatak1, Iftikhar Ahmad2, Jangraiz Khan3 and Azra4
Impact of Socioeconomic Factors and farm Size on Wheat Productivity: A Case Study of District Peshawar, Pakistan
...food item of the country’s population and the largest grain crop as well. Pakistan has been regularly importing wheat, except for the few years. This study is based on primary data collected in 2019 from district Peshawar.A sample of 200 (160 large and 40 small) wheat growers weretaken from twelve selected villages of Peshawar. An unpaired t-test was used to test the differences in t...
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Xu Shiwei2, Yu Wen2, Ejaz Ashraf1, Muhammad Luqman1, Muhammad Ameen3 and Sadia Hassan4
Farmers Behavior to Participate in Public Sector Agricultural Extension Services: Comparative Analysis of Pakistan and China
...ed to investigate farmer’s participation behavior concerning public sector agricultural extension services, by comparing the situations of two countries, Pakistan and China. The logistic regression model was used to study the influence of age, education, labor, farm area and villages on the household head’s participation in agricultural extension services/ activities organized by public sector department. For thi...
Sri Nuryani Hidayah Utami*, Andin Muhammad Abduh, Eko Hanudin and Benito Heru Purwanto
Study on the NPK Uptake and Growth of Rice under Two different Cropping Systems with different Doses of Organic Fertilizer in the Imogiri Subdistrict, Yogyakarta Province, Indonesia
...asing the number of tillers, the number of productive tillers, and the number of panicles. The best fertilizer application was at a dose of 9 tons/ha-1....
Khan Sher1*, Muhammad Subhan1, Muhammad Nisar2, Ali Hazrat2, Zahid Fazal1, Gul Rahim2, Imran Ahmad1, Riaz ul Haq1 and Shamia Bibi1
Genetic Diversity in Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgarus L.) Collected from Different Ecological Zones of Malakand Division (A Part of the Sino Japanese Region of Pakistan)
...the level of genetic diversity (GD) of bean landraces collected from diverse ecological zones of Malakand division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The qualitative traits showed significant level of diversity like seed shape was determined by two alleles, seed color was defined by 13 numbers of alleles and four alleles were responsible for flower color. Si...
Malik Abdul Rehman1, Shafqat Ali1, Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal1, Muhammad Nawaz Khan1 and Mujahid Ali2*
Efficacy of Chemicals and Botanical Extracts to Control Citrus Canker on Kinnow in Sargodha Region
...commended to citrus growers to control canker in Kinnow plantations during the critical period....
Muhammad Imran1,2*, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Muhammad Atiq1 and Amer Rasul3
Brown Leaf Spot: An Exacerbated Embryonic Disease of Rice: A Review
...ts, and resistant cultivars) are used by farmers in different field areas of the world. The use of the resistant source is the simple, reliable, operative and cost-effective strategy to control the diseases and maximize the yield in limited time. Due to changing the environmental conditions and appearance of the disease epidemic, the use of fungicides judiciously is the alternate significant method for quick and efficient co...
Zulnorain Sajid1*, Muhammad Ramzan2 and Noreen Akhtar1
Foraging Behavior and Pollination Ecology of Bumble Bee and Honey Bee in Pakistan; A Review
...perature, vibration to burst the pollen sac, high speed to flower visitation at low temperature and solitary colony structure. In northern areas of Pakistan bumblebees are natural pollinators. The various products of honey bee especially honey, royal jelly and bee venom used for the treatment of various diseases like cardiac diseases, hypertension and many others problems. These are the ma...
Christian Marco Hadi Nugroho1 and Jeanne Adiwinata Pawitan2,3,4*
Production of Antibody for Direct Fluorescence Antibody Assay against Avian Influenza H9N2
...me countries for many years and had caused economic losses in poultry industries. Infection with this virus decreases egg production and increases chicken mortality. In human health, cases of this zoonotic agent are being reported and some cases showed fatal infection. The H9N2 is highly contagious, and transmission can occur from chicken to chicken, chicken to humans through the air, or sometimes from humans to humans. H9N2 belongs to alpha influenza virus ge...
Zafar Ahmad Handoo1*, Mihail Radu Kantor1 and Ekramullah Khan2
Description of Seven New Species and One New Record of Plant-Parasitic Nematodes (Nematoda: Tylenchida) Associated with Economically Important Crops of Kashmir Valley, Jammu and Kashmir (Part-1 of the series)
...iller, from Kashmir University Campus, Hazratbal, Srinagar, Kashmir; H. fotedariensis sp. nov. from soil around roots of Brassica oleraceae var. botrytis L. from Zadibal, Srinagar, Kashmir; H. harwaniensis sp. nov. from soil around roots of Lycopersicum esculentum Miller, in Harwan, Srinagar, Kashmir; H. mushtaqi sp. nov. from soil around roots of Brassica oleracea var. capitata L. in Darbagh, Harwan, Kashmir; Pratylenchus b...
Yawar Iqbal Erum*, Hussain Sagir, Kazi Nasira and Fayyaz Shahina
Compendium of the Genus Psilenchus de Man, 1921 (Tylenchida: Psilenchidae)
...gth, ratio of a, b, c, c’, V%, stylet, MB, head shape, tail length, DGO, oesophagus, excretory pore, spicules and gubernaculum. The allometric and morphometric characteristics were derived from the original descriptions. An updated list of valid species of Psilenchus de Man, 1921 along with illustrations of the anterior and posterior regions taken either from the original descriptions or subsequent re-descriptions is also incorporated herein. A total of ...
Bushra Ismail Khan1, Shamim Akhter1, Sanwal Aslam2* and Rabea Ejaz1
...PVP on different parameters of semen quality were analyzed by using ANOVA and RCBD. Higher percentage (P< 0.05) of sperm motility (66.1±7.51 and 59.4±10.72) and PMI (72.9±5.39 and 75.7±6.5) was observed in extenders having 0.05 mM and 0.1mM PVP compared to extenders having 1.5mM PVP and control. The percentage acrosomal integrity was observed greater (P< 0...
Asmat Ullah1,2, Shahid Iqbal1,2 and Furhan Iqbal2*
...of Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract on selective aspects of albino mice behavior in a gender specific manner. Seven week old female and male albino mice were used as experimental animals. Mice were orally supplemented either with 300 mg/ml solvent/Kg of body weight Bauhinia variegata’s leaf extract or with saline solution (0.9% NaCl) for 17 days. Behavioral observations were made by applying a seri...
Gulzhan Aubakirova1*, Zhanat Adilbekov2, Assylkhan Inirbayev2, Assel Zhamanova2 and Aibar Akhmetov3
...tropods in these reservoirs. We detected isolated cases of fish infection with diplostomiasis in roach from Lake Toxumac, where IR was 12.5%. This is due to the presence of gulls and pond mollusks on this lake, which are the main links in the helminth’s life cycle. We have also identified isolated cases of ligulosis in roach and crucian carp from the “DSU-58” dam, where, respectively, IR was 27 and 14.2%. T...
Mikail Arslan1, Orhan Yilmaz2, Bahattin Cak2* and Ahmet Fatih Demirel2
...ambing systems in two years and their lambs’ survival and growth performances. A total of 200 Kivircik ewes and 15 Kivircik rams were used. Ewes were subjected to a system of lambing every 8 months. Ewes were mated in August (summer), April (spring) and December (winter), respectively. Ewes were synchronized using FIS (intravaginal flourogestone sponges) for 14 days. Additionally, 600 IU eCG (equine chorionic gonadotro...
Muhammad Tahir Khan1, Shahid Mehmood2*, Athar Mahmud2, Khalid Javed3 and Jibran Hussain2
...st in the diet on quails’ growth performance, carcass yields, blood biochemistry, and immune antibody response. A total of 1200 newly hatched quail chicks (Coturnix coturnix japonica) were randomly allocated to five treatment groups. Each treatment group contained 40 birds and experiments were replicated six times using a completely randomized design (CRD). The experimental diets consisted of increasing levels of compost (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10%),...
Blood Biochemical and Hair Mineral Profile of Camel Calves Reared under Different Management Systems
Asim Faraz*
...systems. The calves in first group reared in IMS were fed @ 1 kg concentrate having 18% CP and 2.41 Mcal/kg energy along with gram crop residues ad libitum, the second group calves reared in SIMS were allowed grazing/browsing for 8-10 hours and fed gram crop residues ad libitum while the calves of third group reared in EMS were allowed grazing/browsing 10-12 hours along with ...
Rabea Ejaz1*, Saima Qadeer2,Muhammad Sajjad Ansari3, Bushra Allah Rakha4, Shazia Shamas5, Iram Maqsood1, Asma Ul Husna6, Asima Azam1 and Shamim Akhter6
...d in experimental extenders having arachidic acid compared to control. Sperm abnormalities were reduced in experimental extender with 20 ng/mL of arachidic acid compared to other experimental extenders containing arachidic acid and control. In experiment 2, a total of 533 inseminations were carried out by the extender containing best level of arachidic acid (20 ng/mL of extender). In vivo fertility was significantly i...
Joseph Anejo-Okopi1*, Dorcas Yilger Gotom1, Noble Allison Chiehiura1, Julius Ocheme Okojokwu1, David Ochola Amanyi2, John Otumala Egbere1, Joshua Adetunji1, Otobo Innocent Ujah3 and Onyemocho Audu4
The Seroprevalence of Zika Virus Infection among HIV Positive and HIV Negative Pregnant Women in Jos, Nigeria
...) have been known for years in Africa but data on sero-epidemiology among vulnerable pregnant women is lacking. We aimed to describe the seroprevalence of ZIKVI and associated factors in Jos, North Central Nigeria. A cross-sectional study was performed at Plateau State Specialist Hospital in Jos, North Central Nigeria from August to December 2020. We enrolled a total of 90 (45 HIV positive and 45 HIV negative) pregnant women...
Mushtaq Ahmad Khan*, Abdul Basir and Beena Saeed
Biochar Improves Phenological and Physiological Attributes of Wheat in Soil Amended with Organic and Inorganic Nitrogen Sources
...t height, number of tillers and spikes m-2 when compared to control. Whereas, application of 150 kg N ha-1 as urea, FYM and PM, delayed booting, anthesis, physiological maturity in wheat and increased plant height and spikes m-2 of wheat. Similarly, 120 and 150 kg N ha-1 applied from PM, FYM and urea resulted in higher LA, LAI, tillers and spikes m-2 over control plots. Hence, application of 120 kg N ha-1 either from organic...
Abida Parveen1, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Nazir Javed1, Anam Moosa1*, Khushboo Javaid1, Hina Safdar1 and Asma Safdar2
...tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) production. In this study, the inhibitory effect of Moringa oleifera L. (MO) extracts and Steinernema kraussei Steiner (SK) as stand-alone treatments and in combination was assessed to suppress the reproduction and development of MI. Highly susceptible variety of tomato cv. ‘Money Maker’ was tested for the invasion and development of MI. Aqueous and ethanolic ...
Dalal H. Sary and Rama T. Rashad*
A Comparative Study on the Impact of Compost, Humate, and Silicate on the Nutritional Characteristics of Calcareous Soil Cultivated by Soybean
...oil may be enriched by versatile advantages upon application of K-H and K-Si but the compost is still the most effective....
Kubilay Ucar1, Sait Engindeniz1* and Jozef Palkovic2
Risk and Return Analysis of Open-Field Tomato Grown in Turkey: A Monte Carlo Simulation Approach
...ce decisions of the farmers are affected by the risk in price, cost, and yield outcomes. One of the products that are grown in irrigable lands and has high returns is tomato. The aim of this study is to analyze production costs, return and the risks associated with open-field tomato grown in Izmir province of Turkey in 2011-2017 period. Statistical data used in the study have been obtained from FAOSTAT, Turkish Statistical Institute and Turkish Ministry of Agr...
Sher Bahadar Khan1, Mumtaz Ali Khan2,*, Hameed Ullah Khan3, Sher Ali Khan4, Shah Fahad5, Faheem Ahmad Khan6, Irshad Ahmad7, Nighat Nawaz8, Sidra Bibi9 and Muhammad Muneeb10
...om human public health perspective.
...
Muhammad Nauman, Unsar Naeem-Ullah*, Mehreen Hanif, Hafsah Ghaffar, Muhammad Shahid and Syed Haroon Masood Bokhari
Management of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) by using Microwave Oven
...sources of proteins, fibers and minerals. This cereal crop has maximum proportion in daily basic diet of human in Pakistan. Disinfestation of wheat grains by using microwaves can be safe option than chemical control. Therefore, in this study a digital microwave oven of 50 Hz is used to determine the mortality of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) and Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius) adults. Grain samples of 20 g in each petri dish were infested with both adults and ...
Umar Hayat1*, Ibrar Hussin2, Aftab Alam3 and Khalid Khan4
Time Series Analysis of Child Mortality in Pakistan: An Application of Bootstrap ARDL
...rtance of social indicators such as education and health status of masses along with per capita income. This study aims to empirically test the hypotheses of Modernization Theory (MT) and the Social-Democratic Theory (SDT) related to child mortality in Pakistan. The study adopts the framework of Ferreira and Schady (2009) and Baird et al. (2011) to carry out empirical estimation via ARDL and Bootstrap ARDL. Confirming the co integration relationship, the study...
Asif Ali Abro1* and Iqbal Ahmed Panhwar2
Impact of Various Factors on Crop Diversification Towards High Value Crops in Pakistan: An Empirical Analysis by using THI
...e impact of various factors on the diversification of crops towards high value crops, the Herfindahl Index (HI) was used to check the level of concentration or diversification in the structure of crops in Pakistan. The values of the Herfindahl index obtained as a result of the analysis indicate a high level of crop concentration and need to be diversifie...
Saeed Ahmad1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Habib ur Rahman1,3*, Tanveer-ul-Haq2, Mahmood Alam Khan4 and Arshad Mahmood5
Evaluation of Different Production Systems in Combination with Foliar Sulphur Application for Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) under Arid Climatic Conditions of Pakistan
...xpenses and meet country’s demand, there is a need to increase area under oilseed crops without disturbing the cropping systems. Climate variability is another emerging threat for current production and cropping systems especially in south regions of Pakistan having high arid climatic conditions. A study was conducted in South Punjab (30°1575 N, 71°5249 E) to evaluate the performance of sunflower production systems (nurs<...
Sajid Amin Sarmad1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Luqman1, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Sohail Ahmed3 and Sylvain Nafiba Ouédraogo2
Development and Laboratory Evaluation of a Slow Release Formulation of Fipronil against Subterranean Termites (Odontotermes obesus Rambur)
...ermites is usually not persistent and long-lasting due to rapid decomposition and loss of insecticidal molecules active against target pests. This study was aimed to develop and evaluate a slow-release formulation (SRF) of a persistent insecticide (fipronil) against O. obesus. Technical grade insecticide fipronil was applied in the form of cellulose-made pellets made up of compressed powdered sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum...
Mehnaz Safdar and Urooba Pervaiz*
Constraints in Accessing Agricultural Extension Services by Rural Women: Evidence from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...on sources of women farmers and constraints they were facing in carrying out agricultural operations, 128 women respondents from each district were randomly selected and interviewed through pre-designed interview schedule in 2018. Results indicated that 47% respondents were in middle age category (31-40 years), 59% were illiterate, 91% women respondents were married and 75% households were headed by male. It was observ...
Ghulam Akbar1*, Ali Ahmad2, Neha Arooj1, Muhammad Anjum Zia1, Aamna Rafique1, Sania Riasat1, Mohsin Raza1, Mahpara Qamar1, Shahneela Nusrat1 and Shakila Hanif1
Critical Update for the Treatment of Anemia by using Advanced Genome Editing Crispr Cas Technology
...inual problems such as persistent kidney disease, cancer, ischemic heart ailment and inflammatory bowel disorder. However, with the development in generation at genome editing level have made feasible to accurate mutations in human genome. A site oriented specific break in double stranded DNA is induced by CRISPR/Cas9, whereas different oligonucleotides are provided to make accurate DNA template for genome correction. It is of importance to knowledge about typ...
Muhammad Ilyas1,2*, Imran Khan2*, Muhammad Umer Chattha2, Muhammad Umair Hassan2, Muhammad Zain3, Wajid Farhad4, Sana Ullah1, Ateeq Shah5, Safeer Ahmed6, Bismillah Khan1 and Muhammad Adeel1
Evaluating the Effect of Zinc Application Methods on Growth and Yield of Wheat Cultivars
...nd yield of wheat cultivars during the growing season 2014-2015. The study was comprised of three cultivars of wheat; Galaxy-2014, Punjab-2011 and Millat-2011 and Zn application methods; seed priming @ 0.4% Zn solution, soil application @ 40 kg ZnSO4. H2O ha-1 foliar spray @ 0.5% Zn solution at vegetative stage and combination of all three methods (seed priming, foliar and soil application) were used. The study was conducted...
Ashraf Ismail Afia1 and Ahmed Soliman Mohmed El-Nuby2*
Soybean Genotypes Response to Root-Gall Nematode
...to the evaluated parameters. According to reduction percentage in reproduction factor (RPRF), the tested genotypes were ranked as resistant or susceptible to challenge nematode genus. The genotypes viz., G22, G111(100% RF) were found to be highly resistant (HR), genotypes ranked as resistant (R) viz., C97, H2, CV1, Clark, A7 (99.97, 99.96, 98.73, 98.29 and 97.06% RF, respectively), moderately resistant (MR) category was achieved by seven genotypes (G21, CV2, C...
Muhammad Tariq-Khan1*, Syed Zanib Ali Gardazi1, Abu Daud Ahmad Khan1, Muhammad Ilyas2 and Ishaq Ahmad3,4
Virulence and Distribution Trends of Root-Knot Nematode (RKN) Fauna on Summer Vegetables in District Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (Pakistan)
...rops and vegetables. Understanding regarding pathogen survival under adverse conditions will help the scientists to develop new approaches for sustainable yield....
Rubina Munir1,2*, Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman3, Muhammad Makshoof Athar1, Noman Javid1,4, Ayesha Roohi2 and Syeda Fatima Razavi2
...ffective radical scavengers. The compounds 7a, 7b, 7d, 7f and 7h have exhibited radical scavenging activity better than the reference compound BHT.
...
Muhammad Awais Nazir1, Khalid Mahmood Anjum1, Junaid Naseer1, Ahsan Anjum2, Aneela Zameer Durrani3, Saba Usman2, Muhammad Asif Munir1, Omer Naseer4 and Muhammad Usman3,*
...lood biochemical parameters of rainbow trout, and was associated with acceptable growth performance. In conclusion, the SBM can be included in diet of Oncorhynchus mykiss at 35%, while keeping the level of FM and fish oil at 51%, and 1%, respectively.
...
Ammara Gull-E-Fareen1, 3, Imran Bodlah1*, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Yasir Niaz2, Muhammad Adnan Bodlah2, Muhammad Asif4 and Nasir M. Khokhar5
... They act as soil engineers, scavengers, decomposers, predators, pollinators and herbivores. The mutualistic relationship between ants and aphids is a very common and widespread phenomenon. It has been studied in various parts of the world. In this relationship, aphids provide food to the ants, while in return ants pro...
MA Liman1, QI Yongxiao1, Wang Wenji2* and Zhong Qianyi3*
...utic effects on some tumors, but its antiangiogenic effects in zebrafish has not been evaluated. Here we investigated the antiangiogenic of G-Rh2 using the zebrafish angiogenesis model. Morphological observations of the G-Rh2-treated wild-type embryos were performed to evaluate the toxicity of the compound. Tg(fli1-EGFP) transgenic zebrafish with fluorescent blood vessels were studied to evaluate vascular development defects. G-Rh2 treatment up t...
Wajahat Azeem1,*, Tariq Mukhtar1 and Tooba Hamid2
...d larval mortality. Numbers of galls, egg masses and reproductive factor were reduced significantly as a result of A. indica and T. harzianum applications. The reductions in these parameters were more pronounced where both the agents were integrated and resulted to the maximum where both the agents were mixed at the highest concentrations. The reductions in galls, egg masses and reproductive factor were found i...
Muhammad Umer Khan1,2*, Muhammad Farooq Sabar1, Atif Amin Baig3, Arif-un-Nisa Naqvi4 and Muhammad Usman Ghani1
... has been adopted as a versatile genetic marker all over the globe and provides a unique maternal ancestry portrait of a person’s genetic pin code. Overall knowledge of mtDNA profiles of worldwide populations can benefit population genetics and forensic sciences. Consequently, this study was designed to establish the mtDNA profiles of the Shin ethnic group in Gilgit-Baltistan, the no...
Sehrish Ashraaf1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1* and Sajida Naseem2
..."font-size: small;">Spiders are natural predators of many insect pests and preferred as they are carnivores. In the present study we identified the cursorial spiders of different families using DNA barcoding as it is very helpful in identifying species where morphological identifications can be difficult e.g., delimitation of juvenile stages. Standard ba...
Nihat Tekel1, Seyrani Koncagül2, İlkay Baritci1, Halit Deniz Şireli1, Muhittin Tutkun1, Ecevit Eyduran3 and Mohammad Masood Tariq4*
... R2 for the first-time interval (0-90 days of age), 0.9866, 0.9743 and 0.9797 R2 for the second time interval (0-180 days of age) and 0.9924, 0.9853 and 0.9902 R2 for the third time interval (0-300 days of age), respectively. Pearson correlation coefficients between the observed and predicted weight values of the Awassi lambs were found as 0.9417, 0.9255 and 0.9203 for 0-90 days of age, 0.974...
Asma Rashid Tariq1,2*, Saadia R. Tariq2, Tariq Mahmud1 and Misbah Sultan1*
Selective Capture of CO2 from Mixture of Different Gases using Cellulose Acetate, Polyimide, Polysulfone and some other Polymers based Mixed Matrix Membranes: A Review
...umber of different polymers have been employed for the fabrication of mixed matrix membranes for example cellulose acetate, polyimides, polysulfone, pebax, polybenzimidazole, polymer of intrinsic porosity, polyurethane, chitosan and many more. Likewise, along with other fillers, Metal organic frame works have also been tested as additive for the mixed matrix membranes as they offer several advantages over other fille
Hassam Ud Din1*, Huma Rizwana1, Rameez Raja Kaleri2, Kaleem Ullah2 and Muhammad Din2
Evaluation of Production Performance and Marketing of Small Ruminants in District Dukki, Balochistan
...the small ruminants farmers of five union councils i.e. Vialla Dukki, Thal, Nana Sahib, Sadar and Nasar Abad of district Dukki of Balochistan. The sample size was composed by producer (50), wholesalers (50) and retailer (50) for convenient sampling contribution of each selected producer involved in the business area. The result showed that in the study area (60.00%, 24.00% and 16.00%) farmers<...
Muhammad Nazar1, Chaudhary Muhammad Ayyub2, Mujahid Ali3*, Malik Abdul Rehman4, Shoib ur Rehman5 and Saqib Ayyub2
Amelioration of Thermo-Tolerance Ability in Spinacia oleracea L. Cultivars by Foliar Application of Chitosan
...icant tool. Three cultivars of spinach (All Pure Green, Desi Local, and Lahori Palak) were grown at normal temperature 18/20°C (day/night temperature) and then after four weeks after emergence 40/32°C (day/night temperature) was given by gradually enhancing 2°C per day. After one week of heat stress (40/32°C), four treatments (25, 50, 75, 100 ppm) of chitosan were applied as a foliar spray on spinach cultivars
Amir Aziz1*, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1, Ghulam Sarwar1 and Sher Muhammad2
Effect of Rice and Wheat Straw and K-Silicate Application on Maize Growth
...ege of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan in 2017. Different treatments including T1= control, T2= wheat straw (deficient @ 200 mg kg-1 of soil), T3 = wheat straw (adequate @ 400 mg kg-1 of soil), T4= rice straw (deficient @ 200 mg kg-1 of soil), T5 =rice straw (adequate @ 400 mg kg-1 of soil), T6 = K-silicate (deficient level @ 2 mg kg-1 of soil) and T7 = K silicate (adequate @ 400 mg kg-1 of soil). All the pots were arranged according to completel...
Muhammad Ramzan1, Muneer Abbas1*, Sohail Abbas2, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Aslam1, Javed Anwar Shah1, Muhammad Irshad1 and Mudassar Khaliq1
Incidence of Different Aphid Species on Various High Yielding Wheat Varieties
... of April during both years. Faisalabad-2008 and Sahar-2006 were most prone to aphid attach having maximum aphid populations during 2017-19. Fakhr-e-Bhakkar-2017 depicted minimum average aphid susceptibility having population of 2.94, 2.58 and 3.08 per tiller during years 2017, 2018 and 2019, respectively....
Muhammad Siyar1, Anwar Saeed Khan2*, Fazlur Rahman2 and Muhammad Jamal Nasir2
Spatio-temporal Assessment of Reliability in Pehur Main Canal System, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
..., distributaries and minors are unpredictable. This situation points towards lack of operational maintenance of the canal system....
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Muhammad Luqman1*, Zahoor Hussain2, Usman Saleem3, Asif Nawaz1, Tahir Munir Butt4 and Muhammad Umer Mehmood1
Assessment of Knowledge Level and Information Sources of Vegetable Growers regarding Tunnel Farming in District Sargodha
...ources of vegetable growers in district Sargodha aside from their knowledge level about vegetable production under tunnels. Every year there is a lot paid from the national exchequer for the import of vegetables, especially from the neighboring countries. To at least minimize those expenditures tunnel farming to a maximum level can give us a way forward. This transverse study has the Sargodha district as its unive
Hong Hu1, 2, Li Qian1, Yuanlang Wang1, Chaodong Wu1, Xiaodong Zhang1, Yueyun Ding 1*, Li Wang1, Xudong Wu1, Wei Zhang1, Dengtao Li1, Jian Ding1, Min Yang1 and Zongjun Yin1*
...esent work will help understanding of the different mechanisms involved in fat deposition between lean and obese pigs.
...
Shakeel Ahmed* and Sarwat Jahan
...genic neuropeptide was first discovered in rat brain. It is a ligand for receptor FM4/TGR-1 which is also called as NMU receptor type II (NMU2R). Mainly it is expressed in SCN and involved in regulation of food intake and dark light circadian rhythms. In rodents and higher primates its stimulatory role in HPG axis is reported. Growth hormone (GH) is released from anterior pituitary and directly or indirectly play very important role in regulation of HPG axis. ...
Sadaf Aslam1,2*, Abdul Majid Khan2 and Muhammad Akhtar2
...n for their rich and diverse vertebrate fossil assemblages. Here new suid fossil remains of the extinct species Hyotherium pilgrimi described. The known stratigraphic range of Hyotherium is about 14 to 11 million years. This species is closer to its smaller European relative H. soemmeringi. The studied material includes isolated premolars and mola...
Syeda Farzana Bibi* and Siraj ud Din
Unraveling the Bioherbicidal Potential, Elemental Analysis and Nutritional Evaluation of Crataeva adansonii Dc Leaf and Bark
...to accentuate this plant’s use in the nutritional and agricultural industry. Elemental analysis of C. adansonii stem bark and leaf was assessed through atomic absorption spectrophotometry to detect ten essential macro and microelements, including Na, Ca, Co, Cd, Cu, Mn, Zn, Pb, Ni, and Fe. In the bark part, the highest percentage of relative standard deviation was observed for Co, Cd, and Na, which is 175.6, 22.86, and 5.58%, respectively. The leaf part&...
Taqi Raza1*, Sergio de Los Santos Villalobos2, Muhammad Shehzad3, Shakeel Imran4 and Derly José Henriques da Silva5
PGP Characterization of Rhizobacteria Associated with Apple Gourd (Praecitrullus fistulosus L.)
...olonies, shapes, and colors. The isolated strain mostly belonging to Coccus, Bacillus, and Spirillum. Nearly, 63% belonging to Coccus, 23% to Bacillus, and 14% to Spirillum. Only 18% of strains gave the gram positive staining results and 14% strains showed the hydrogen cyanide (HCN) production abilities by slightly changing the color on media. While, in the case of enzyme production test, almost 90%, of isolated strains confirmed the amylase and pectinase prod...
Shahid Ahmed1,2*, Huiqing Su1, Xuqian Sun1, Peng Feng1, Yongpan Chen1, Liang Yu1, Qian Liu1 and Heng Jian1
Performance of Cereal Varieties against Cereal Cyst Nematode (Heterodera avenae)
...f the biotic stress factors that directly affects the crop physiology from seed germination to crop maturity and limits the cereal production in different agro-ecologies of the world. In China, this pathogen is widespread in more than 20 provinces and infects the major cereal varieties and germplasm being adopted for cereal crop production annually. We tested number of cereal accessions to see the host pathogen interaction; among 15 wheat lines from Zhonnguyua...
Taqiur Rahman1, Tabassum Yaseen1*, Ali Mujtaba Shah2, Samiullah3, Ghulam Jelani3, Gul Nawaz1,Qudratullah Kalwar2
...edge from the elder formers (R1, R2 and R4) this study labels the ethno veterinary practices in different villages of District Shangla, where the documentation process is carried out through semi-structured questionnaires in 2017 (R1) where about seventy plant species belonging to different families of spermatophytes have been collected, among which forty-eight belonged to angiosperm families and 2 families were gymnosperms. This comprises 39 herb, 14 shrubs, ...
Hamida Sarwar1, Kousar Perveen1,Rida Mazhar2, Muhammad Afzal1, Syed Amir Gilani3
...lly, and healthcare workers, particularly. This report is a cross-sectional study comprising statistical data and mental health measurements from HCW including doctors, nurses, and paramedics from DHQ Hospital, Jhelum, Punjab Pakistan during the period April 24, 2020, to May 09, 2020. Healthcare professionals in hospitals equipped with flu filter clinics and COVID-19 isolation wards were e...
Tehreem Zahra1, Muhammad Irfan1, Muhammad Nadeem2, Misbah Ghazanfar1, Qurratulain Ahmad3, Shaukat Ali4, Farzana Siddique5, Zarina Yasmeen6, Marcelo Franco7
...was obtained after 96 hours of incubation with optimum conditions of media containing 5% substrate concentration, 0.05% peptone and KH2PO4 concentration of 0.5% with pH 5.0 at incubation temperature of 30ᵒC. The model proposed was found significant. The cellulase produced could be pot...
Samreen Khan, Tabassum Ara Khanum, Nasira Kazi, Salma Javed* and Shahina Fayyaz
Description of Aphelenchoides acacia n. sp. and Aphelenchoides naurangiensis n. sp. (Nematoda: Aphelenchoididae) with Observation on Aphelenchoides saprophilus Franklin, 1957 from District Lakki Marwat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
... body region with transverse striae. Lateral field with four incisures; stylet 11-13 µm long having small basal thickening at the base; tail ventrally curved J-shaped; terminus with very tiny smooth mucro (1µm). Aphelenchoides naurangiensis n. sp. belongs to Group 1 of Aphelenchoides species and is characterized by small body length 406-492 µm; cephalic region clearly offset from rest of the body; cuticles finely annulated approximately 1&mic...
Muhammad Javaid1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah1, Waheed S. Khan2, Shafqat Saeed1, Mirza Abdul Qayyum1 and Muhammad Arslan Khan1
Role of Nanotechnology in Crop Protection and Production: A Review
...inputs i.e. nanofertilizers and to overcome the environmental stress seed treatments with nanoparticles, to improve the crop yield use of smart gene delivery system. This technology can also be useful for sustainable water use and irrigation water filtration. It also plays an important role in pollution reduction. Green revolution of any developing countries can be achieved by adopting nanotechnology....
Kui Zhang1,2, Ping Geng1, Sher Khan Panhwar3, Khadim Hussain Memon4 and Zuozhi Chen1,2,*
...species in Pakistani waters. Most commercial fish species lack assessments of maximum sustainable yield (MSY) and allowable catch, a situation that hinders effective fisheries management. A Catch–MSY model based on statistical catch data and prior information on population parameters was applied to assess the total allowable catch (TAC) and MSY values for 24 commercial marine fish gr...
Muhammad Aamir Naseer1, Amjad Islam Aqib2*, Ambreen Ashar3, Muhammad Ijaz Saleem1, Muhammad Shoaib4, Muhammad Fakhar-e-Alam Kulyar1, Khurram Ashfaq1, Zeeshan Ahmad Bhutta1 and Shagufta Nighat5
...on of presumed risk factors, and comparative analysis of antibiogram of bpSA and nbpSA at various cadre. Milk samples (n=250) from cattle (n=90) and buffalo (n=160) were aseptically collected from various dairy farms and put to biofilm detection and antibiogram. Based on collected data with statistical inferences, the study found 61.60% of S. aureus from subclinical samples, while 72.73% of S. aureus were positive for biofilm with uniform hike in...
Fanrong Xiao, Jichao Wang and Haitao Shi*
...cology is central to understand how morphology influences fitness. Previous work has already shown that two sympatric turtles, the Keeled box turtle Cuora mouhotii and the Flowerback box turtle C. galbinifrons, have divergent morphologies and occupy different microhabitats (steep, rocky hillslopes vs gentle, less rocky hillslopes). However, it is unclear how these differences are related to performance. In this study, we test the relationship bet...
Babar Zahoor, Basharat Ahmad*,Riaz Aziz Minhas and Muhammad Siddique Awan
...te human-black bear (Ursus thibetanus) conflict in and around Moji Game Reserve (MGR) Leepa valley, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. The main cause of human-black bear conflicts was damages in the form of livestock killings, crop raiding and human casualties. Estimated quantity of maize grains and fodder damaged during the years 2013-2015 was 40280 kg and 149300 kg, respectively. The total estimated cost of damages d...
Kecheng Zhu1,2,3, Peiying He1, Baosuo Liu1,2,3, Huayang Guo1,2,3, Nan Zhang1,2,3, Liang Guo1,2,3, Shigui Jiang1,2,3 and Dianchang Zhang1,2,3,*
...er two MyoDs are modulators of Almyomaker, a promoter analysis was performed using progressive deletion mutations of Almyomaker. The results of promoter activity assays show that Almyomaker expression is notably activated by two MyoDs. Transcriptional activity of the Almyomaker promoter was observed to dramatically decrease after targeted mutation of the MyoD1 M1 and MyoD2 M2 binding sites. In summary, MyoD1 and MyoD2 play an import...
Yihong Tian, Yongmei Qi*, Sajid Naeem, Ke Gao and Yingmei Zhang*
...flow cytometry. LC3 conversion and p62 expression were evaluated by western blot analysis. MTT assay revealed that spermidine decreased the viability of Hela cells in a dose-dependent manner in conjunction with disrupted morphology. Moreover, spermidine caused cell damage as evidenced by elevated LDH leakage and compromised MMP as demonstrated by flow cytometry. Concomitantly, western blot analysis showed that spermidine induced autophagy by activating the LC3...
Yasir Sharif1, Saba Irshad1*, Ammara Muazzam1, Muhammad Hamza Tariq1, Ambreen Kanwal1, Sana Rasheed1, Mabel Baxter Dalrymple2 and Anam Tariq1
...mn;SD values of patients’ CBCs and liver enzymes were: red blood cells 3.07x 1012±0.769x 1012/L, white blood cells 8.89x 109±2.849x 109/L, hemoglobin 8.01± 1.027 g/dL, platelets 321.68x 109±1.027x 109/L, serum ferritin 2773.3±1071.9ng/mL, alanine transaminase 117.12±32.001U/L, aspartate transaminase 84.77±18.223U/L and bilirubin 1.02±...
Fan Sigang1, Guo Yihui1* and Xu Youhou2
...was identified for the first time in a mollusc testis.The present study provides the first transcriptomic analysis of C. nobilis, which will help clarify the molecular mechanisms of gonadal maturation.
...
Zhi Chen1, Toshifumi Minamoto2, Longshan Lin3 and Tianxiang Gao4,*
...xamine some cheaper kits’ effectiveness of extracting eDNA of macro-organisms and select an optional low-cost kit, a test among three kits was held. 12S rRNA bands of marine fishes on the agarose gel preliminarily revealed that all three kits could successfully extract eDNA from field water samples. Digital PCR results further revealed that the average eDNA concentration of Sepiella japonica extracted by three kits were (4.62 ± 0.72) ×...
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Ayman Balla Mustafa2, Nasir Ali Tauqir3, Riaz Hussain Mirza1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Rana Muhammad Bilal4 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel5
...s changed and the cameleers are moving towards urban/peri-urban areas of arid and semi-arid environment. This study was planned to check its production potential in extensive management system (EMS) and semi-intensive management system (SIMS). The mean milk yield and range of Marecha she-camel was found to be 5.6±0.3, 6.1±0.2 and 3-8, 5-9 kg under EMS and SIMS, respectively. The fat, protein, lactose, SNF and total solids percentage was found to ...
Neelam Pery1*, Fatima Ijaz1, Nayab Batool Rizvi1, Munawar Ali Munawar1 and Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq2*
...e failed to produce universal response leaving a large proportion of patients untreated. This is due to complex pathogenesis comprising a network of signaling pathways. By controlling one pathway, the pathogenesis continues through complementary pathways. Janus kinase and bruton’s tyrosine kinase regulates a number of T-cell and B-cell mediated signaling pathways ranging from cytokine expression and antibody production...
Gautam Patra1*, Ana Sahara2, Sonjoy Kumar Borthakur1, Parthasarathi Behera3, Subhamoy Ghosh1, Apurba Debbarma4 and Seikh Sahanawaz Alam5
...ed the importance of understanding disease dynamics and associated risks in biological conservation. The present study was undertaken from North Eastern part of India from January, 2017 to March, 2018 to identify and molecularly characterize Plasmodium relictum based on cyt b gene in various species of wild birds (Upupa epops, Passer domesticus, Pycnonotus cafer, Bubulcus ibis). The birds were captured by netting syste...
Comparative Analysis of Muscle Development in Zebrafish with Different Intermuscular-Bo nes Patterns
Jian Yang1, Guangxiang Tong2, Zhipeng Sun2, Xianhu Zheng2, Weihua Lv2, Dingchen Cao2, Xiaowen Sun2 and Youyi Kuang2*
... posterior part to the dorsal fin at the same developmental stages. In WT and mutants, the density of muscle fiber declined gradually over time. In conclusion, the lack of intermuscular-bones has no influence on adjacent muscle development.
...
Faiqah Ramzan1,2,*, Irfan Zia Qureshi2 and Muhammad Haris Ramzan3
...tor has enhanced our understanding of the neurobiological mechanisms that govern the pituitary-gonadal-axis. However, in sexually immature male mammals, the maturation of gonads is not clear yet. The current study tested the hypothesis that continuous kisspeptin administration suppresses gonadotropin and testosterone release and spermatogenesis. Intraperitoneal kisspeptin administration was carried out in 05 weeks old prepubertal male Sprague Dawley rats, twic...
Turgay Şişman1,*, Muhammet Çağrı Keskin1, Hatice Dane1, Şeymanur Adil1, Fatime Geyikoğlu1, Suat Çolak2 and Esra Canpolat1
...gies were evaluated in marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus) in agricultural areas. The most prominent histopathological alterations observed in lung tissue were noted as epithelial hyperplasia, thickness of alveolar septa, dilatations and congestions of blood capillaries, and melanomacrophage accumulation. An increase in the number and widening of melanomacrophage centers were also noted for liver, in parallel with hepa...
Tasleem Akhtar1, 2, Ghazanfar Ali1,* and Nuzhat Shafi2
...om Neelum and Jhelum rivers during 2015-2016. In the present study, four species of Schizothorax had been found, in which three species were already reported (S. esocinus, S. plagiostomus and S. progastus) and one new species (S. niger) was found first time in AJK. One hundred and fifty-nine specimens of S. plagiostomus, 74 specimens of S. esocinus, 21 specimens of S. progastus and 8...
Faryal Saad1,3, Zia Ur Rahman2, Aamir Khan3, Rabia Noushin4, Irfan Ullah5, Farman Ullah Dawar3,Shahid Naiz Khan3, Rafiqe Hussain6, Kenza Javed2, Abid ur Rehman7, Amna Fayaz3, Zohra Saifullah3 and Kalim Ullah3*
...ing the situation more worst. Therefore, this preliminary study was set to assess the seroprevalence and molecular detection of CMV infection among pregnant women of districts Lakki Marwat and Bannu of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. A total of 188 blood samples were randomly collected from pregnant women of both districts and were examined through Enzyme-Linked Immunosorrbent Assay (ELISA) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) for CMV. Out of total 88 samples, 73.40% were ...
Feng Xu1,2,3*, Weikang Yang1,2,3*, Ming Ma1,2,3 and David A. Blank4
...rbance, environment factors, body size of a prey and a predator, season, traits of species and numbers of others factors were thought to have significant impacts on vigilance. Here, in this study we considered only three of them: group size, disturbance, and predation vulnerability and their impact on the vigilance of the Demoiselle crane (Antropoides...
Mushtaq Ahamd Khan1, Ziaul Islam2, *, Amin Ullah Jan3, Kamran Khan2 and Abdullah Shah3
... and potential risk factors in acquiring T. gondii infection by child-bearing age women in Dir Khyber Pakhtunkhawa, Pakistan. A cross sectional study was conducted and data regarding risk factors were recorded through questionnaire. A total of 405 women of child bearing age were serologically tested for T. gondii antibodies through immuno-chromatographic technique using strips (CTK, USA) and Indirect Enzyme Lin...
Yujun Zhao and Jianping Fan*
...f apoptosis-related factors Bcl-2 and Bax protein and the activities of Caspase-3 and Caspase-8 in colon cancer SW480 cells were studied. Compared with the control group without medication, the proliferation inhibition rate of cells processed with Kanglaite injection (10, 20 and 40 μL/mL) significantly increased (p <0.05), the apoptosis rate increased (p <0.05), the expression of Bcl-2 protein decreased (p <0.05), the expressio...
Amna Arshad Bajwa1, Saher Islam1, Muhmmad Imran1, Karman Ashraf2, Arman Khan1, Muhammad Farhan Khan3, Imran Rashid2, Muhammad Yasir Zahoor1, Waseem Ahmad Khan4 and Wasim Shehzad1*
... a set of molecular markers was developed exploiting the AMLx/y gene to assess gender of Punjab urial population in Kala Bagh, using faecal samples as the DNA source. In our study, among 92 urial samples, 54 (58.69%) were identified as female samples, 34 (36.95%) were recognized as males while for remaining 4 (4.34%) samples there was no amplification, resulting in their gender not being able to be assessed. This non-invasive sampling technique accurately iden...
Mudussar Nawaz1, Iahtasham Khan2, Muhammad Shakeell*, Arfan Yousaf1, Zahid Naseer1, Munibullah1, Ali Zohaib3, Riaz Hussain4 and Qudrat Ullah5
...narians and animal handlers. The current work aimed to determine the prevalence of brucellosis in buffaloes and goats of Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan. A total of 341 milk samples from buffaloes (n=180) and goats (n=161) were screened by (Milk Ring Test) MRT and milk i-ELISA for anti-Brucella antibodies. Higher prevalence was found in buffaloes (5.6% and 16.1%) than in goat (4.97% and 1.9%) both through MRT and i-ELISA respectively. Commercial p...
Yahui Wang1, Ling Ren1, Yishen Xing1, Xin Hu1, 2, Qian Li1, Lingyang Xu1, Junya Li1* and Lupei Zhang1*
... the most important factors determining beef quality and price. Intramuscular adipocytes develop from mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in mesoderm. The mechanisms of preadipocytes differentiate into mature adipocytes to a great extent are clear, but the commitment of MSCs to preadipocytes is largely unknown. In this study, the Platelet-derived growth factor receptor α (PDGFRα) positive progenitor cells were isolated from the longissimus do
...e present paper is the first confirmed finding of the pronghorn lobster, Panulirus penicillatus in the southern coastal waters of Oman of the Arabian Sea. A single specimen was captured using a bottom set gill net at a depth of 12 m on 26 March 2019. It was male measuring 42.0 cm in total length, 17.2 cm in carapace length and weighed 3.15 kg. Description of morphological characters...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Shahzad Akbar1, Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Mustaqeem2, Muhammad Luqman3, Ijaz Asghar4 and Muhammada Asam Riaz1
...response of termite workers varied with plant species, botanical concentration and exposure time. The extracts of Azadirachta indica (neem) and Nerium indicum (oleander) appeared to be most effective against the termites with minimum LC50 (6.35 and 10.38%, respectively) and LT50 (12.11 and 17.49 h, respectively) values, followed by the extract of Gardenia jasminoides (gardenia). While the extracts of N. indicum...
Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Afzal1,Muhammad Asam Riaz1,Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1, Muhammad Luqman2, Mehar Zubair Shehzad1, Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1, Mujahid Tanvir1 and Saadia Wahid1
...is study encompasses a first extensive evaluation of ethnomedicinal flora of Soone Valley and surrounding Salt Range for their toxicity potential against four major insect pests of economic importance. Results of this study demonstrate the relative insecticidal potential of indigenous plant extracts as biorational alternates to toxic synthetic insecticides and recommend the incorporation of these phyto-chemicals in the future insect pest management programs.
Muhammad Ramzan, Unsar Naeem-Ullah*, Mudssar Ali and Hasan Riaz
...nd morphological parameters showed that the fecundity of female ranged from 160 to 281 which increased its survival rate. Trilocha varians has five larval instars. The last instar changed its colour to dark reddish and look like branches of host plants. The male and female mean longevity was 6.0 ± 1.171 and 11.4 ± 1.70 days. Pale reddish brown lines were present on the dors
Mehwish Saleem Khan
Evaluation of Changes in Zinc Levels in Patients Suffering from Cancer
...cell division. Some cancers may eventually spread into other tissues. There are more than 200 different types of cancer. Tobacco use is the cause of about 22% of cancer deaths. Another 10% are due to obesity, poor diet, lack of physical activity or excessive drinking of alcohol. Other factors include certain infections, exposure to ionizing radiation and environmental pollutants. In this study zinc level in serum of cancer p...
Agustine Christela Melviana1, Rizkita Rachmi Esyanti1*, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Maizirwan Mel3, Praptiningsih Gamawati Adinurani4 and Juris Burlakovs5
Gene Expression Related to Steviol Glycoside Synthesis Produced in Stevia rebaudiana (Bert.) Shoot Culture Induced with High Far-Red LED Light in TIS RITA® Bioreactor System
...tener industry due to it’s antidiabetic properties, hence a large number of plant source is required to supply the industry. To overcome the hindrances in the propagation of Stevia plants using in vivo methods, an alternative technique of propagation using in vitro methods is needed. The micropropagation method with the RITA® (Recipient for Automated Temporary Immersion System) is used in the production of a large ...
Samia Ikram1*, Riaz ur Rehman1, Farwa Batool2 and Atyab Amjad3
Evaluation of Bird of Paradise for Commercial Flower Production by using Organic Manures
...3.53 cm), Number of suckers (4.20), Number of leaves (8.00), Number of flowers (4.11), Stem diameter (5.025 cm) and Spike diameter (5.03 cm) were contributed by T2whereas maximum spike length (61.21 cm) was recorded in T3 and maximum shelf life (14.81 days) was noted in T4. The present research study revealed that T2 significantly contributes to commercial cut flower production of Bird of paradise in agro metrological condit...
Mohammad Mohsin Faqeer1, Muhammad Aquil Siddiqui2*, Nighat Seema Soomro1, Shameem Raja3, Muhammad Tahir Khan2, Ghulam Shah Nizamani2, Fareen Deeba Soomro4 and Muhammad Mahran Aslam2
Impact of Row Spacing on the Growth and Yield Parameters of Lentil (Lens culinaris L) under Semi-arid Region of Pakistan
...stan. The current two years study was conducted to determine the impact of row spacing on the growth and yield parameters of lentil varieties. Three lentil genotypes (M-85, NIA Masoor 2005 and NIA Masoor 2016) were evaluated at three spacing treatments (15, 30 and 45 cm) under the RCBD. The morphological characteristics of lentil genotypes depicted that maximum germination, plant height, number of branches plant-1, number of...
Jianjun Fu1, Shili Liu2, 3, Wenbin Zhu1, Yongyi Jia2, 3, Lanmei Wang1, Yufen Yang4, Zhimin Gu2, 3*and Zaijie Dong1*
...ing rapidly in recent years. Genetic improvement breeding programs of C. alburnus offer an essential strategy in developing a sustainable solution. In this study, we developed three multiplex PCR panels, including twelve microsatellite loci for C. alburnus, and applied parentage analyses using 36 candidate parents and 136 offspring from four independent artificial breeding pilots. Based on allele frequency analysis using 36 candidate parents, the...
Zubia Rahim1, Gulnaz Parveen1*, Salma Gul2 and Khushnood-ur-Rehman3
Ameliorating Effects of Salt Stress (KCl, NaCl) on Growth and Germination Parameters of Pearl Millet (Pennisetum americanum)
...m length, number of tillers) and yield (spike length, total seeds on single spike, whole plant weight, weight of 50 seeds per spike) parameters in the field, which was performed in completely randomized design (CRD). 39 pots lined with polythene bags were used to avoid percolation of water. Data was analyzed by variance (ANOVA). Salinity effects on the test species were analyzed by (LSD) Least Significant Differences method....
Arifa Khan1*, Arsalan Bashir1, Shazia Erum2, Jabar Zaman Khan Khatak1 and Aish Muhammad3
Effects of 6-Benzylaminopurine and Indole-3-acetic Acid on Growth and Root Development of Banana Explants in Micropropagation
...ations of growth regulators 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP cytokinins family) and Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA auxin family) on growth and root induction of banana explants micro-propagated in vitro. Explants were obtained from young suckers of 8818-william, Pisang and Brazilian varieties. The explants were cultured in vitro containing MS media and different BAP and IAA combinations. The results showed banana varieties exhibited diff...
Muhammad Abdullah1, Syed Attaullah Shah1, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai1, Jahangir Khan1*, Mohammad Fayaz1, Irfan Ullah1* and Sabeeh Ullah2
Analysis of Agricultural Land Price Determinants and Policy Implications for Controlling Residential and Commercial Encroachments: Facts from District Swabi (Pakistan)
...r roads, hospitals, universities and gas supply infrastructure in the surroundings of Swabi city are resulting human influx from rural areas, and are increasing demand for residential and commercial units in the suburbs. This high demand is pulling land prices and causing utilization of fertile agricultural land for residential and commercial units’ construction. Around 50% of the sampled agricultural lands were used f...
Sajid Khan* and Shahnaz Akhtar
Effect of Farm Labor Transformation on Households Income in Central Districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...sformation on households’ income in central three districts of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa Province of Pakistan. Data on different aspects of farm labor transformation were collected through a well-designed and pre-tested questionnaire. Nine village councils from three districts were selected through random sampling techniques. The data were collected from 393 sample households and were analyzed by using paired sample t-test through Statistical Packages for Socia...
Masoud Hassani1* and Omid Madadgar2,3
Serological Evidence of Bluetongue in Iran: A Meta-Analysis Study
...ical countries. BT was first reported in Iran in 1972, however until now there is the absence of comprehensive information on the BT status in Iran. We aimed to present the seroprevalence on BT in farm animals of Iran based-on a meta-analysis study. The meta-analysis study was conducted in national and international databases to find articles which evaluated bluetongue seroprevalence by antibody-captured ELISA test in livestock in Iran by searching terms inclu...
37th PAKISTAN CONGRESS OF ZOOLOGY (INTERNATIONAL) DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY, GC UNIVERSITY, FAISALABAD, PAKISTAN
38th PAKISTAN CONGRESS OF ZOOLOGY (INTERNATIONAL) DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB, LAHORE, Pakistan
40th PAKISTAN CONGRESS OF ZOOLOGY (INTERNATIONAL) Department of Parasitology, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam
..., Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam...
Abdul Majid Khan1,*, Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Rana Manzoor Ahmad2, Ayesha Iqbal1, Hafiza Imrana Naz1, Amtur Rafeh1 and Muhammad Ameen1
...sent paper reports the first record of Eotragus noyei from the late Miocene deposits of Dhok Pathan Formation, Chakwal, Pakistan. The sample comprises maxillary and mandibular fragments along with isolated upper and lower teeth. The morphometric analysis of the dental specimens led us to recognize the sample as belonging to Eotragus noyei, which has been considered as the smallest and the oldest bovid in the Siwaliks. Eotragus noyei is cha...
Muhammad Mohsin1, Yin Hengbin2,* and Zhang Luyao3
...hus, this study is the first time attempt to know whether Spanish mackerel, a major landed fishery resource in Shandong, China, is experiencing overexploitation or not by estimating its stock status. For this purpose, long data series, 2006-2016, comprised of catch and effort figures was statistically analyzed to know maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of this resource and its ongoing regime. In total, three surplus production models (SPMs) were used in this stud...
Ye Ge1,2,3, Qiucheng Yao1, Hongliang Chai3, Yuping Hua3* and Guohua Deng2*
...">Wild birds, as reservoirs of viruses, play active roles in influenza virus transmission and reassortment. To further evaluate the potential infection risk of H6 AIVs from wild birds, we inoculated these viruses into A549 cells, which showed that these wild bird H6 AIVs have acquired the ability to cross interspecific barriers and have the potential to infect mammals. We analysed the leve...
Yonghua Liu*, Xianhua Li, Xiongfei Yan and Gang Li
...lum), and Amygdalus persica (peach) on the growth, development, survival, reproduction, and life table parameters of A. fimbriana were studied. Different host plants had significant effects on the growth, development, and reproduction of A. fimbriana. The overall developmental duration was the longest on apple (60.71 d) and peach (60.78 d) and shortest on apricot (54.55 ± 3.56 d). The cumulative s...
Xuya Zhou1, Ying Liu1, Deqin Xu1, Jie Bao1, Yaru Cao2 and Yong Jin3*
...xygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors: rofecoxib, celecoxib. This study was aimed to find out whether unification of two drugs would increase cardiovascular side effects. Type 2 diabetic rat model was induced through feeding with fodder containing high sugar and lipid and intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The adjuvant-induced arthritis model was established by Paraffin/BCG. We used western blot to explore the protein expression levels of COX-2 and cytochrome ...
Muhammad Jamal Nasir*, Atiq Ur Rahman and Anwar Saeed Khan
Assessment of Irrigation Development in the Small Dams Command Area: A Case Study of Palai Dam, District Charsadda
..., some 40 km north of Charsadda town. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the impact of the Palai dam on the irrigation system of selected villages of tehsil Tangi. The study is based on an analysis of revenue data acquired from revenue office Tangi, between 2008-09 to 2016-17. The geospatial analysis of collected data is done using the software ArcGIS 10.5.2. The analysis revealed a tremendous increase in canal irrigated area. Before construction of t...
Inam Ur Rahman1, Syed Faizan Iftikhar2, Sanam Wagma Khattak3*, Wajahat Ali1, Azra4 and Sajad Ali1
South Asian Experience of Trade Liberalization: Implications for Food Security
...nomenon having four pillars like availability of food, access to food, utilization of food and stability of food, where each pillar consist of several indicators. This study have two main objectives; computation of food security various dimensions indices and a composite food security index and exploring the link between trade liberalization and food security various dimensions, in the case of selected South Asian economies....
Syed Muhammad1*, Badar Naseem Siddiqui2, Farhat Ullah Khan1 and Nawab Khan3
Self-perceived Constraints of Extension Field Staff Affecting their Working Efficiency in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...gies to educate the farmers’ community about how to use new applications and techniques of modern technology for the purpose to increase agricultural production. The efficiency of EFS is, therefore, reflected by the farmers’ adoption level of modern recommended technology. The current study was designed and conducted during February 2018 for ...
Ghulam Murtaza1*, Muhammad Ramzan2, Amna Razzaq4, Muhammad Numan3, Rukhsar Beanish4, Ayesha Zafar4, Muhammad Shan Latif3 and Muhammad Adnan3
Screening of Brinjal (Solanum melongena) Varieties against Jassid, Amrasca bigutulla bigutulla
...ck the cell sap from underside the leaves resulting in leaves curling and yellowing. Jassid (Amrasca bigutulla bigutulla) inject toxic materials into leaves which results necrosis. An experimental study was conducted by using randomized complete block design (RCBD) during 2018 to check the resistant brinjal varieties (Nirala, Dilnasheen and Bemisal) against jassid (A. bigutulla bigutulla). The highest population of jassid was recorded on 5 November while lowes...
Asifa Kamal1*, Ghazala Noreen1 and Muhammad Amin2
Trends and Determinants of Fertility in Pakistan: Multivariate Decomposition Analysis (PDHS 1990-91 to PDHS 2012-13)
...mic and attitudinal factors affecting fertility in Pakistan for the three waves of cross sectional Pakistan Demographic and Health Surveys (PSHS 1990-91, PDHS 2006-07 and PDHS 2012-13). Multivariate decomposition analysis and pooled cross section techniques are used to analyse the data. It is concluded from multivariate pooled analysis of three surveys that age of women at first birth, region (Balochistan), wealth index (ric...
Adeen Kiran1, Umar Farooq Gohar1*, Ayesha Farooq1, Malik Muhammad Asif2 and Hamid Mukhtar1
Redressal of Antibiotic Resistance using Plant Extracts
...ese infections or to reverse the antibiotic resistance in these pathogens. In recent years different experimental approaches highlighted the importance of phytochemicals present in plants and its ability to kill these pathogens and microbial inability to develop resistance against these pathogens. Therefore, the trend has been shifting from using synthetic or semi-synthetic antibiotics to the use of medicinal plants which ar...
Yongmei Gao1, Peihong Gao2, Yanjun Wang3, Jinhua Han4 and Yang Shu1*
...jected to high quality nursing. In contrast, the control group was treated with only mifepristone therapy and applied with routine nursing measures. The therapeutic and nursing effects of the two groups were compared. After the implementation of different treatment and nursing mode, the overall treatment effective rate of the research group patients was ...
Saima Siddique1* and Zarrien Ayub2
...of three modes in summer’2012 and one mode in autumn’2012. Estimated parameters of the von Bertalanffy growth functions include growth coeffient (K) = 0.48 year-1, theoretical asymptotic maximum size (TD∞) = 8.2 cm and hypothetical age at length zero (t0)= -0.55 year. The longevity was calculated to be 5.7 years...
Muhammad Jahanzaib1*, Nazakat Nawaz1, Muhammad Arshad1, Shehzadi Saima4, Muhammad Suhaib2, Muzammil Husain3, Haris Khurshid1 and Shahid Ali Khan1
Effect of Temporal Application of Gypsum on Mineral Uptake and Economically Important Morphometric Traits in Groundnut (Arachis hypogea L) under Rain-fed Conditions
...ld, morphometric parameters, and minerals (Ca, K, P) concentration in root and shoot have been examined. A newly released Pothowar groundnut variety (Variety name) was grown in 3 replications with 5 m row length using a randomized complete block design. Five different treatments were applied in two split doses i.e. T1 (0 %:100 %), T2 (25 %:75 %), T3 (50 %:50 %), T4 (75 %:25 %), and T5 (100 %:0 %) at the time of sowing and pegging compared with Check (T0). Resu...
Muhammad Iqbal1, Muhammad Ehetisham ul Haq1*, Muhammad Kamran1, Muhammad Idrees1, Shahid Nazir2, Ihsan Ullah3, Sumera Naz1, Shaukat Ali1 and Muhammad Zafar Iqbal2
Morpho-Molecular Characterization of Xanthomonas Axonopodis Pv. Citri Associated with Kinnow (Mandarin) and its Management
...stify;">Millions of dollars have been spent annually on quarantines, prevention, eradication and management programs around the globe. The present study was coined to record the incidence of the disease in the Sargodha districts of the Punjab province. Furthermore, isolated bacterium from diseased samples was characterized morphologically and molecularly. The relative efficacy of commercially available antibiotics against the pathogen was evaluated in the lab ...
Arshad Mahmood Malik1*, Hafiz Muhammad Tayyab1, Muhammad Arshad Ullah2 and Muhammad Talha Bilal3
Dynamics of Salinity and Land Use in Punjab Province of Pakistan
...is one of the major factorsresponsible for increased salinity ultimately effecting productivity in Pakistan. Salinity hasdevastating socio- economic impact on farmer’s micro economy in Pakistan, directly impactingliving standard, migration, health, the crumbling of houses, and harming tocommunication and transport. The study in hand was designed to investigate the impact of salinity on irrigated area, uncultivated area...
Luqman* and Zahid Hussain
Impact of Tillage Tools and Weeding Regimes on Nutritive Values of Maize Grains
...esearch Farm of the University of Agriculture, Peshawar during the summer seasons of 2016 and 2017. The maize variety ‘Azam’ was sown in a layout of RCB design with split-plot arrangement, replicated four times. Data were recorded on the nutritive status of maize grains including crude protein content, fat content, ash content and dry matter content of the maize grains. The results showed 13% protein content, 5.8...
Anjali Khadka1*, Subodh Raj Pandey2, Subarna Sharma Acharya3, Amrit Poudel4 and Sushma Adhikari1
Morphological Evaluation and Multivariate Analysis of Soybean Glycine max (L.) Merrill Genotypes in Western Mid-Hills of Nepal
...enotypes into four clusters among which cluster I was largest with eight genotypes....
Ahmed Weli Hussein Osman1,2, Rakibul Islam1, Md. Bazlar Rashid1, Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud2,3* and Pravin Mishra4
Nanoparticle Tactics for the Oral Delivery of Insulin in Alloxan-Induced Hyperglycemia in Rat (Rattus norvegicus domestica) Model
...suitable colloidal carriers for insulin delivery. The current study was carried out to evaluate nanoparticle tactics for the oral delivery of insulin in the alloxan-induced hyperglycemia in rat model. Twenty male rats of age four months were randomly allocated into four different groups (T0, T1, T2, and T3). After acclimatization diabetes was induced in three groups of rats (T1; positive control, T2: insulin only insulin, and T3; insulin with nano particles) b...
Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed1, Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud2*, Yonis Abukar Mohamed3, Pravin Mishra4 and Osman Sheikh Ali Jama5
Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude, and Practices of Population Towards Brucellosis in Benadir Region, Somalia
...arians, health care workers and respective government bodies must take action to increase the level of awareness and considerate by providing programs or any other technique that can be helpful....
Abdul Hameed1*, Ihtsham ul Haq Padda2 and Abdul Salam3
Estimating Food Consumption Patterns in Pakistan by Using Ideal Demand System
... suggest that policy makers and public organizations should reexamine the connection between consumption, price and income for food and nutrition security and social development. It also proposes that constant price of nutritious food and any rise in prices of these commodities should be supported by price subsidization or safety nets programmes for deprived groups. In addition, the state should concentrate on rural income generation activities such as agricul...
Muhammad Ali Shah, Faiz Ur Rehman, Abbas Mehmood, Fareed Ullah, Sayed Irfan Shah and Syed Majid Rasheed*
Combining Ability, Heritability and Gene Action Assessment in Rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) for Yield and Yield Attributes
...Research Farm (BARF), Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan during the growing season of 2017-18. The data were collected for pods related traits and total yield. The results of the study showed significant differences among parents and F1’s for all the studied traits. General and specific combining ability analysis revealed non-significant results for the traits under consideration, suggesting the involvement of non...
Ghulam Rabbani1, Uzma Javed1*, Javed Iqbal2, Ruqeah Mustafa3, Ghulam Shabbir2 and Fida Hassan Shah4
Barani Mash a Newly Developed Disease Resistant and High Yielding Mash Cultivar for Rainfed Areas of Punjab, Pakistan
...gn: justify;">New cultivars development is a continuous process as older genotypes become increasingly susceptible to biotic and abiotic stresses. The newly developed mash cultivar “Barani Mash” is an elite mash cultivar with yield potential of 1743 kg/ha. This cultivar has resistance against diseases and lodging, the pod size is medium and 100-seed weight is 4.73 g. It has been developed through screening from the local material. It was further ev...
Muhammad Shahzad Akbar, Farrukh Sajjad, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Luqman, Muhammad Asam Riaz and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*
Field Evaluation of Promising Botanical Extracts, Plant Essential Oils and Differential Chemistry Insecticides against Subterranean Termites Odontotermes obesus (Isoptera: Termitidae)
...tures. A wide range of persistent synthetic chemicals are employed to prevent and control the infestations of subterranean termites. Most of these chemicals have high mammalian toxicity and environmental hazards. This study was, therefore, aimed to evaluate the efficacy of some promising botanical extracts (Dodonaea viscosa, Gardenia jasminoides and Nerium indicum), plant essential oils (Allium sativum, Citrus aurantium and Cymbopogon citratus) and differentia...
Muhammad Luqman1*, Roshan Hussain1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Muhammad Umer Mehmood1, Ijaz Asghar2 and Usman Saleem1
Comparative Analysis of Dietary Intake Patterns of Rural and Urban Communities of Southern Punjab, Pakistan
...ab province. This transverse study was conducted in purposively selected three districts of Southern Punjab. Exactly sample size of 600 respondents (300 rural respondents and 300 urban respondents) was randomly selected through equal distribution technique and interviewed by using structured interview schedule. Data were analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences and the following key results were obtained. Most of the respondents from the study we...
Amjed Ali1, Rafi Qamar1*, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Salman Saleem2, Sami Ullah3, Muhammad Arshad Javed4 and Syed Wasim Hasan5
Development and Growth: Influence of Sowing Dates on Performance of Cotton Cultivars
...cipal impact on Pakistan’s economy since its existence. The cotton crop is considered the backbone of agriculture and research are mandatory to augment its production. Indigenous cultivars have an impressive production potential while climatic sowing dates fluctuation during crop planting is the leading hindrance in its production. Therefore, this one-year field experiment was performed to assess the result of varying ...
Sajid Ali1, Abdul Basit1,3*, Abdul Mateen Khattak1, Syed Tanveer Shah1, Izhar Ullah2, Noor Alam Khan3, Imran Ahmad1, Kamran Rauf1, Salman Khan1, Irfan Ullah1 and Intizar Ahmad1
Managing the Growth and Flower Production of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans) through Benzyle Amino Purine (BAP) Application and Pinching
...roduction of zinnia flowers through application of BAP (25, 50, 75 and 100 mg L-1) and pinching (2, 4 and 6 leaf stages), was carried out at The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan. Research analysis showed that zinnia plants treated with 100mg.L-1 and pinched at 6 leaves stage recorded maximum days to flowering, flower persistency, branches, leaves and flowe...
Shujaat Ali1,2*, Tariq Ahmad Jan3, Khalil Ur Rahman3, Shah Masaud Khan2, Ijaz Hussain2, Waseem Ahmad2, Qasim Ayub2, Muhammad Abbas1 and Israr Ahmad1
Effect of Room Condition on Sweetening and other Chemical Components of Different Cultivars of Potato in Swat District
...components of potato tubers in Swat District, Pakistan. Tubers of the three cultivars, Desiree Diamont and Kruda were stored at room condition in three replications for 90 days. Data was recorded at 0 day (fresh) and at 15 days interval on Reducing Sugars (RS), Total Suga
Ali Zohaib1*, Habib Ullah2, Shakeel Ahmad Anjum2, Tahira Tabassum2, Muzzammil Hussain1, Mohsin Nawaz3, Ghulam Abbas4 and Sohail Irshad5
Effect of NPK Fertilization Strategies on Growth, Yield, Nutrient Use Efficiency and Economic Benefits of Relay Intercropped Wheat in Cotton
...tion programs. This 2-years study was performed to investigate the influence of different strategies related to NPK fertilization timing viz. T1 (control, no NPK application), T2 (all PK at sowing, ½ N at tillering and ½ at booting), T3 (½ PK at sowing, ½ NPK at tillering and ½ N at booting), T4 (all PK at sowing, ½ N at sowing and ½ at tillering), T5 (all PK at tillering, ½ N at tillering and ½ at...
Numan Habib1*, Muftooh Ur Rehman Siddiqi1 and Riaz Muhammad2
Thermal Simulation of Grain During Selective Laser Melting Process in 3D Metal Printing
...ifferent process parameters on temperature distribution in grain and capability of the specified laser to melt and fuse above mentioned material powder grain. Three different 2D models of 1µm, 2µm and 3µm grain sizes are modeled and simulated with different scanning speed 60, 100, 140, 180 and 220 mm/sec. Results are demonstrated for thermal distribution on grain along the depth. Center of the lower surface of the grain is chosen as a focus p...
Imran Ahmad Rana*, Muhammad Ali Yab and Ch. Abdul Rehman
Quality Engineering Tools Implementation a Comparison of Indian and Pakistani Business Organizations
...of countries like behaviors and quality roles were varied. Moreover, results obtained from regression analysis display that there are also differences between the critical success factors (CSFs) of six sigma implementation in Indian and Pakistani organizations. Elements like management commitment and six sigma deployment strategies were found significant in explaining variability of six sigma results in the region. Results s...
Muhammad Shaheen
Mining Patterns from Complex Energy Dataset: A Case Study of Pakistan’s Energy Sector
...y is vivacious. The sectors which when stand sustainable guarantees long-life prosperity of a nation include energy sector. The role of energy in social, economic and environmental factors defines its prominence in sustainability. To ensure sustainable energy development the consumption and production patterns may comply with each other and may also comply with the conditions of sustainability. This paper reviewed the curren...
Muhammad Kashif Khan1*, Muhammad Wasim Jan Khan2, Kaleem Ullah Jan Khan3, Muhammad Ishaq Khan4, Muhammad Faheem Jan Khan5 and Abdul Salam Lodhi6
Impacts of Construction Risk Attributes on Organizational Performance of Registered Construction Companies in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
...: justify;">Billion dollars construction industry almost everywhere in the world is struggling with issues regarding well-organized risk management. Due to the fact that having complex nature and involvement of numerous parties, the chances of being more prone to the unseen risk factors causing extensive delays, over budgeting, and underrated quality are quite recurring. A broad extent of literature is available on risk iden...
Mohammad Adil1*, Muhammad A. Khan2, Naveed Ahmed1, Edward Bromhead3, Muhammad A. Arshad1, Muhammad Fahad1, Shahid Ullah1 and Khan Shahzada1
Numerical Investigation of the Effect of Column Staggering in Flat Slabs Systems
...other location, while it’s possible to reduce the number of columns by staggering. The provided guidelines can be used to reduce risks of punching shear, bending moment and deflection at extreme corners and edges, while avoiding edge beams in flat slabs for staggered column arrangement....
Mehreen Ijaz
Effect of Weave Type on Tensile Strength of Cotton Fabrics
...h different types of fibers and yarns for multiple reasons. It is very crucial to choose the right and appropriate type of construction technique for various functional purposes. Because it plays an important role in determining the performance behavior of finished fabric. Weaving is one of the commonly used technique and different types of weaves have different effects on mechanical and physical properties of fabrics. The study was experimental in nature. It ...
Jun Yan Bai1*, Ren Tao Di Wu2, Qiang Zhang2, Di Bao2, Le Ma Dao2 and Xing Hua Tian3
..., 17 microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of Sonid bactrian camels, and the correlation between microsatellite markers and their body size was analyzed to find microsatellite markers associated with the body size traits of Sonid bactrian camels, so as to provide reference for marker-assisted selection of Sonid bactrian camels...
Muhammad Faisal Ayoob1,2, Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani1, Asghar Ali Kamboh3, Mansoor Ayoob4, Waseem Ali Vistro3 and Abdul Sattar Baloch3*
... diarrhea, ruffled feathers, anorexia and torticollis in all groups except Q3. The mean clinical scores and mean death time (days) were statistically non-significant (P>0.05) among all the groups. Higher mortality rate (75%) was recorded in mynas as compared to Japanese quails (50%). Major necropsy lesions observed were pin point hemorrhages in proventriculus, demarcated button-like ulcers of intestinal mucosa, hemorrhage...
Haseeb Nisar1, Usman Pasha1, Kiran Hanif1, Rizwan Abid1, Rehan Ahmad Khan Sherwani2, Haja N. Kadarmideen3 and Saima Sadaf1*
...6 -572 G/C polymorphism (rs1800796 SNP) and assessed its association with RA in the overall world population, and in the subgroup analysis of Asian and Caucasian populations. The results showed that in overall population, IL-6 -572 G/C shows a significant association towards increased risk of RA in allelic (OR=0.8130, 95%CI=0.708-0.932, p=0.003), co-dominant and dominant models; same hold true for the Asian population. Stratification by ethnicity revealed that...
Q. Sun1, Q. Liu1, R. Di1, Y. Wang1, S. Gan2, S. Liu2, X. Wang1, W. Hu1, X. Cao1, Zh. Pan1, X. Guo1, Y. Yang3, H.E. Rushdi4* and M. Chu1*
...aptive selection under harsh challenges which serves as a fat store for the animal. Thyroid hormone responsive (THRSP) is a crucial protein for cellular de novo lipogenesis. THRSP gene encodes a nuclear protein which regulates fatty acid synthesis in lipogenic tissues. Identification of single nucleotide ...
Sukhpreet Kaur Sidhu*, Gurkirat Singh Sekhon, Randeep Kaur Aulakh and Tejdeep Kaur Kler
... system; and perform diverse roles in the biosphere. The present study on ponds was carried out on avian diversity and its services of composition in relation to vegetation distribution to understand their biodiversity. Four natural ponds and one man-made pond were surveyed at three locations viz. Ludhiana (location I), Ropar (location II) and Ferozpur (...
Saima Yaqub1, Tahir Yaqub1*, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir2, Asif Nadeem3, Aziz-Ul-Rahman1, Muhammad Furqan Shahid1, Zarfishan Tahir4 and Nadia Mukhtar4
... among injecting drug users (IDUs), and HIV-1 positive IDUs may have potential of HIV transmission among general population through different ways. Therefore, an understanding towards current status of HIV prevalence and genomic characteristics of circulating strains is crucial to devise and implement necessary interventions to control disease in developing countries like Pakistan. A total of 201 plasma samples were collecte...
Chaojie Yang1,2,3, Haishan Wang1,2,3, Le Ye1,2,3 and Zhi Chen1,2,3,*
...ogenetic studies, biodiversity monitoring and conservation. The morphological descriptions and DNA barcoding study about Muraenesocidae in the East China Sea were old, rough and deficient. Morphometric measurements and meristic counts were taken for all collected Muraenesocidae samples in our present study. Teeth characters that are conclusive for the species were consistent with Muraenesox and were sufficient for separation...
Salim Raza1*, Khan Gul Jadoon2, Sajjad Hussain1, Zahid ur Rehman1, Saira Sherin1 and Noor Muhammad1
Mitigation Plan for Identified Problems Faced by the Marble Industry in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
...eloped their marble sectors on scientific grounds by applying modern techniques. Pakistan also hosts huge reserves of different qualities of marble but this sector could not developed to the international standards due to a number of difficulties. As a result of these problems, the raw marble excavated from quarries carries less economic value and could not compete in the international market. Marble industry of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is selected for this study be...
Mardan Aghabey Turghan1, Roller MaMing1*, Li Weidong2, Di Jie1 and Xu Guohua1
...of 42 families of 19 orders were identified as occurring in the reserve, accounting for 37.9% of the total bird species in Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. Among them, 85 species are migrants, 49 species resident, 33 species summer visitors and 5 species winter visitors. Six species of birds viz., Red-rumped Swallow (Cecropis daurica), Eastren Crowned Warbler (Phylloscopus coro...
Jiawei Zhang1,2, Thomas Quirke1, Shibao Wu2*, Shaoshan Li2 and Fidelma Butler1
...e from 16:00 to 17:00 hours, especially before and after feeding. The behavior of penguins was significantly affected by the number of visitors, and locomotion, preening, feeding and attention to visitors were positively correlated with the number of visitors. There is further interaction with visitation levels under different weather conditions. Visito<...
Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1*, Zulfiqar Ali Abbasi1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Naimatullah Leghari2, Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio3, Ahmed Naqi Shah1, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro4, Nadia Mangrio1 and Shazia Parveen Tunio5
Evaluation of Irrigation Frequencies and Seed Priming with Plant Nutrients on Growth and Yield of Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) Genotypes
...as conducted at Students’ Experimental Farm, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam during autumn 2017 and 2018 for two consecutive years. Split plot design was used and the treatments were replicated thrice. The experimental units were consisted of three factors: irrigation frequencies (two, three, four and five); seed priming (no priming, Priming...
Zohaib Ahmad Hassan1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Usman Saleem3, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Aneela Riaz4, Khurshid Ahmad Mufti5 and Aamer Sattar2
Toxic Effects of Sodium Bicarbonate (NaHCO3) on Growth and Yield of Rice
...turn is upsetting farmer’s income and cause soil quality decline. This trial was led to appraise the toxic consequences of NaHCO3 on growth as well as rice yield parameters. Various levels of NaHCO3 or Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) were developed in the normal soil. This experiment comprised of 7 treatments that were repeated three times according to Completely Randomized Design (CRD). These treatments included; T1= Co...
Bilal Pervaiz Khan1, Neelam Ara1, Shujaat Ali1,2*, Kamran Khurshid Baigh1 and Abdul Wahab1
Effect of Seed Priming on Radish with Different Nutrients at Various Soaking Durations
...half of Agriculture University Peshawar, on the influence of priming of seed on radish cv. Green Neck with various nutrient sources; water and 1 % of P solution of DAP, SSP, 1% K solution of KCl and 0.01 % B solution of boric acid at different priming durations with 6 hours interval (06, 12, 18, 24 hours). Un-soaked dried seeds were used as control. Research comprised of two facto
Site Selection of Solar Farms Deploying Fuzzy Analytical Hierarchy Process (F-AHP) A KPK Based Study
Rehman Akhtar1, Khizar Azam2, Abdur Rehman Babar1, Qazi Salman Khalid1, Rashid Nawaz1 and Imran Ahmad1
...terature review the factors selected for the study are Quality of Terrain, Land price, Population, Security, Proximity to Transmission Line, Agricultural Concern and Local Transmission Capacity. One of the most frequently used MCDM methods in literature, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) is integrated with fuzzy logic, called as F-AHP, is used in this research to identify and evaluate solar farm location in division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KPK). Thana, Cha...
Adnan Khan1, Rifat Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Subhan Qureshi2, Muhammad Mobashar3, Ali Gohar4, Shakoor Ahmad1, Kamran Khan5, Hamayun Khan1 and Shabana Naz6*
...ups (Holstein Fresian, Jersey and Nili Ravi) to find out equilibration time (T1, 2 h; T2, 6 h and T3, 6 h) effects on different semen quality parameters. Highest sperm progressive motility, sperm plasma membrane integrity were observed in T2. It reflects high damages at T3 and T1 due to cryo shock and oxidative stress respectively. Sperm DNA integrity and pH were increased linearly from T1 to T3. The dead sperm percentage wa...
Yuan Xing, Congming Tan, Yan Luo and Wenjun Liu*
...se, characterized by reversible goblet cells, smooth muscle hyperplasia, airflow obstruction, hyperactivity enhanced, ultra-structural remodeling, and airway mucus production. The current experimental study was aimed at scrutinizing quercetin’s inhibitory effect on airway inflammation in mice and its possible mechanism of action. The mice received varying doses of quercetin from 22-30 days (1, 10 and 50 mg / kg, p.o.) ...
Muhammad Riaz1*, Zahida Tasawar1, Muhammad Zaka Ullah2 and Zawar Hussain3
Parasitological and Molecular Survey on Theileriosis of Sheep and Goats and the Related Risk Factors in Musa Pak Shaheed Town, Multan, Pakistan
... to define the risk factors favors the spread of Theileria spp. infection. 24% and 8.5% Theileria infection identified through PCR and microscopic examination during present investigation. The PCR detected 14.5% and 9.5% Theileria piroplasms infection in sheep and goats, respectively. Among Theileria species, PCR identified the incidence of T. lestoquardi and T. ovis was 16.5% and 5% respectively while 6% blood samples revea...
Noor Ayaz1*, Faiza Aman1, Sidra Saleem1*, Maqbool Rehman1 and Muhammad Fahim2
Olive Cuttings as Affected by Different Concentrations of Indole Butyric Acid
...t of the studied parameters had improved by IBA @ 3000 mgL-1, therefore it can be used effectively as propagating material for olive cuttings.
...
Said Sajjad Ali Shah1*, Muhammad Ilyas Khan1, Aziz Ullah1, Hayat Ullah2 and Faisal Ahmad2
Coprological Examination of Small and Large Ruminants in Central Zone of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
...ferent predisposing factors studied in the current study were season, location, age and sex. Prevalence was recorded higher in hot and humid months of the year because it favors the growth and development of gastrointestinal parasites. Similarly, young and male animals were found more susceptible to gastrointestinal parasites in the current study. Frequent screening of animals and deworming should be practiced for complete e...
Zarqa Khalid1*, Muhammad Asad ur Rehman Naseer1, Raza Ullah1 and Shahzad Khan2
Measuring the Global Trade Competitiveness of Pakistan’s Cotton Crop
...otton crop for the world’s 10 leading cotton exporters using revealed comparative advantage indices and relative competitive advantage indices such as Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA), Revealed Symmetric Comparative Advantage (RSCA), Relative Import Advantage (RMA), Relative Export Advantage (RXA) and Relative Trade Advantage (RTA). The data we...
Sanaullah1*, Abdul Basit2 and Inayat Ullah3
Challenges and Prospects of Farm Mechanization in Pakistan: A Case Study of Rural Farmers in District Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
...mic features of the farmers and available machinery. A total of 240 rural farmers were randomly selected from two local union councils of provincial government Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Peshawar. The accumulated data were analysed using mean and standard deviation with an acceptance mean value of ≥3.00 and estimating logit model. Socio demographic features revealed that majority (52%) were in middle age group of 41-50 yea
Chibuzo Uzoma Izuogu1*, Robert Ugochukwu Onyeneke1, Loveday Chukwudi Njoku1, Gillian Chidozie Azuamairo1 and Mary Chikerenma Atasie2
Repositioning Nigeria’s Agricultural Extension System Towards Building Climate Change Resilience
...riteria for adequate understanding of the current state of agricultural extension practice in Nigeria and climate change concerns. The review identified the effects of climate change on agricultural extension practice, ascertained the training needs of agricultural extension workers towards climate change resilience, highlighted the strategies for repositioning the Nigerian agricultural extension system for climate change re...
Hongqun Li1*, Xiaoli Liu2*, Zongxian Han1, Shabin Wu1 and Changlei Cao1
...="font-size: small;">Understanding animal habitat selection is significant for informed conservation management actions. The autumn foraging and day-roosting site selection of the brown-eared pheasant (Crossoptilon mantchuricum) was studied in Huanglong MountainsNature Reserve, Shaanxi Province, China from October to November 2018. Data were collected by examination of fresh sites used by the brown-eared pheasant located on 22 transects across the entir...
Ehsan Kashani1, Hamid Reza Rezaei2*, Morteza Naderi3 and Nematolah Khorasani4
...ge about the genetic diversity of the mammalian species and their plasticity in ever-changing environments is emphasized by scientists and conservation biologists. Central deserts and steppes of Iran host a different kind of insectivores like hedgehogs; however, their ecology and genetic properties are rarely documented. For species of hedgehogs that are included in the subfamily Erinaceinae, at least four known species are listed for Iran. Brandt&
Muhammad Shafiq1,2,*,Rajwali Khan1, Ilyas Ali3, Sadeeq Ur Rahman4, Saif Ullah3, Shah Jan Mohammad2, Mohammad Jan2 and Jinhu Huang2
... their respective calves’ serum immunoglobulin and serum total protein concentration. Three breeds of cattle were observed: Jersey, Holstein Friesian (HF) and local Pakistani cow breed Achai. To assess serum IgG, sodium sulphite precipitation technique was used while IgG in colostrum were determined using digital Brix refractometer (Atago RX-1000) and serum total protein (STP) in cows and calves were analyzed by...
Chen Zeng1,2, Baosuo Liu1,4, Kecheng Zhu1,4, Liang Guo1,2, Huayang Guo1,4, Nan Zhang1,4, Quan Yang1,3, Jing Wen Yang1,4 and Dianchang Zhang1,4*
...Considering various factors of the models, the Gompertz model had the best fitting degree for body height, body length, full length and body weight. Under the optimal model, the monthly age of the inflection point of body height, body length, full length and body weight was 3.72, 7.28, 6.60 and 8.88, respectively; the inflection point body size or weight was 10.81 cm, 17.82 cm and 20.14 cm and 826.70 g, respectively. The results of the experiment preliminarily...
Mohsin Ali1, Nargis Haider Kakar2, Rida Dawood3,4, Qurat-ul-ain Fatima5, Zunera Tanveer2, Shoaib Ahmad Malik6, Tauseef Muhammad Asmat1, Asadullah1, Muhammad Masood Tariq Kiani1 and Mohammad Zahid Mustafa1*
...2) patients. The parameters of age, duration of diabetes and type of treatment were measured. Venous blood was taken to investigate the thyroid profiles. Out of 224 patients examined, 67.85% showed the normal thyroid profile and thyroid abnormalities were seen in 32.15% of subjects. There were 10 patients with clinical hypothyroidism, 54 patients had subclinical hypothyroidism, and 8 patients had clinical hyperthyroidism. No case with subclinical hyperthyroidi...
Zaka ur Rehman1*, Kashif Akbar1, Altaf ur Rehman1, Hassan Waqas1, Alif Khan1 and Asad Ali2
Development and Storage Stability of Diet Mango Juice
...ng non-nutritive sweeteners (cyclamate, sucralose, and aspartame) instead of sugar. The samples were filled and sealed in 300 ml of transparent glass bottles. Then diet mango juice samples were stored at room temperature for physicochemical analysis (Total soluble solids, ascorbic acid, pH, percent acidity, and sugar-acid ratio) and organoleptic evaluation (appearance, taste, flavor, overall acceptability) for three months. These were prepared with sweetene
Shawaiz Iqbal1*, Nadeem Iqbal2, Usama Bin Khalid1, Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Adila Iram1, Muhammad Rizwan1, Muhammad Sabar1 and Tahir Hussain Awan1
Growth, Yield and Economic Analysis of Dry-Seeded Basmati Rice
...ique, which enables farmers to harvest economical rice production. Field study was conducted at Rice Research Institute, Kala Shah Kaku, Pakistan in 2014 and in 2015 to evaluate the different planting methods. Three dry-seeded rice (DSR) planting methods viz. (i) DSR-broadcast, (ii) DSR-drill, (iii) DSR-ridges were compared with the conventional transplanting (TR) method in lines having row to row and plant to plant distance of 22.5cm distance, and farmer tran...
Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar1, Waqas Wakil2, Shahbaz Talib Sahi3 and Waqas Raza1*
Influence of Resistance Inducers on Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium Contents of Susceptible Chickpea Cultivars after Inoculation with Ascochyta rabiei
...of plant in three cultivars of chickpea (‘C-44’, Bittle-98’ and ‘Pb-91’) after treatment with Bion® (acibenzolar-S-methyl), salicylic acid (SA), potassium hydroxide (KOH) or plant extracts of neem (A. indica A. Juss.), datura (D. metel L.) and garlic (A. sativum L.) were investigated 7 and 14 days after inoculation with ...
Mehar Ul Nissa Rais1*, Tahmina Mangan1, Jam Ghulam Murtaza Sahito1 and Naeem Ahmed Qureshi2
A Trend Analysis: Forecasting Growth Performance of Production and Export of Chilli in Pakistan
...ime series data of 38 years (1981-2018) of chilli production and export was employed for this study. Overall, chilli production of the Pakistan exhibited a positive growth of 1 percent over the time; however, in Pakistan negative growth was recorded during 2001-02 and 2011-12, these losses can be attributed to major floods, diseases attack, poor management practices and shortage of high yielding varieties. Sindh is major producer of chilli with 85 percent cont...
Ambreen Akhtar Saddozai1, Amer Mumtaz2, Naseem Rauf1, Saeeda Raza2, Nouman Rashid Siddiqui2, Muhammad Naeem Safdar2, Sahar Shibli2, Muhammad Suhail Ibrahim3*, Muhammad Akhtar4 and Muhammad Saad Rehan5
Preparation and Quality Evaluation of Soymilk Carrot Blend
...fferent chemical parameters total soluble solids, pH, total carotenoids, protein contents and antimicrobial analysis. On the basis of quality attributes it was observed that plain and carrot supplemented soymilks remained acceptable up to 7 days at refrigerated temperature. Plain soymilk had lower TPC at both temperatures than carrot supplemented milk. pH, TSS, carotenoids and protein contents in samples were decreased with increased time at both the temperatu...
Muhammad Tariq Mahmood1*, Muhammad Akhtar2, Mushtaq Ahmad1, Muhammad Saleem2, Ali Aziz2, Irfan Rasool2, Zeshan Ali3 and Muhammad Amin2
An Update on Biology, Extent of Damage and Effective Management Strategies of Chickpea Pod Borer (Helicoverpa armigera)
...n leaves, twigs and flowers. In later stages larger larvae (4th to 6th instar caterpillars) shift to developing pods by making holes/bores and consume entire developing seeds. Pod borers can cause yield losses up to 90 percent depending upon the insect density and susceptibility of cultivars. Sustainable management of chickpea pod borer involves use of r...
Hafiz Muhammad Wasim1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Sher Muhammad3, Usman Saleem4, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Aneela Riaz5 and Aamer Sattar2
Impact of NaCl Toxicity on Yield and Yield Components of Rice (Oryza sativa) Grown in Aridisol
...y on rice growth parameters. Selection of soil with customary characteristics was done. Various levels of salinity; < 4, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 dS m-1 were established using NaCl salt. Soil was left for appropriate period for accomplishment of salinity. Completely randomized design (CRD) was used for layout of the experiment. Transplantation of seedlings was performed in all pots. Application of mineral fertilizers at rec...
Zaheer Ahmed Deho*, Saifullah Abro and Muhammad Rizwan
Assessment of Stability for Seed Cotton Yield of Cotton Genotypes Across Different Environmental Conditions of Sindh Province
...n lines beneath four diverse climatic conditions. Three strains NIA-94, NIA-95 and NIA-96 and two commercial check varieties in Sindh province of Pakistan viz. Sadori and CRIS-342 were planted under four different locations Tando Jam, Mirpurkhas, Sakrand and Ghotki environment conditions. Seed cotton yield data was recorded from each location and stability analysis (genotype x environment interaction) was performed. The pooled analysis of variance for seed cot...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Muhammad Farooq1,2, Aqeel Sarwar4, Abid Ali3, Farrukh Ilahi1, Muhammad Asif1 and Ghulam Sarwar1
Quantitative Studies in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) using Multivariate Techniques
...lity for fifteen parameters viz., plant height (cms), days taken in 50% flowering, monopodia plant-1, sympodia plant-1, boll weight (g), No. of bolls plant-1, ginning out turn (%), lint index(g), seed index(g), 2.5 percent span length(mm), bundle strength(g/tex), micronaire (µg/in), fibre elongation (%), uniformity ratio and yield plant-1(g). Using Mahalanobis D2 analysis, these parameters were assembled into seven clu...
Iqtidar Hussain*, Muzafar Ali, Imam Bakhsh and Muhammad Waqas Imam Malik
Effect of Different Levels of Naphthalene Acetic Acid at Various Phenological Stages of Hybrid Sorghum to Enhance Fodder Productivity
... Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan, KP during 2017. Sorghum hybrid cv. “Jumbo+” was used as tested plant material. Four levels of NAA (40, 80, 120 and 160 ml ha-1) were kept in main plots, while three crop growth stages (seedling, tillering and booting) of sorghum were kept in sub-plots. The crop was sown in month of July, while a seed rate of 25 kg ha-1 was used with manual drill. The crop received irrigation at interval of 15 days w...
Fangqing Liu1, Jared Atlas2, Chaohao Du1, Anoop Das3 and Longying Wen1*
...se to environmental factors. We collected 399 pheasant and divided them into two groups: high altitude (>1500m) and low altitude (<1500m). The results that all morphological size measures of males were significantly higher than those of females (P<0.05). Most measures of size at low altitude significantly greater than those at high altitudes, including body weight, body length, and wing length for males (P<0.05), and body weight and w...
Yasin Altay1, Saim Boztepe2, Ecevit Eyduran3, İsmail Keskin2, Mohammad Masood Tariq4*, Farhat Abbas Bukhari4 and Irshad Ali4
...was to capture some factors affecting wool fineness (WF) in Karacabey Merino. For this goal, CHAID (Chi-Square Automatic Interaction Detector) tree-based algorithm implemented to construct a regression tree diagram was specified based on Bonferroni adjustment within the scope of the prediction of wool fineness as a response variable. Also, Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines (MARS) wa...
Wentao Wang1,2, Xu Lin3, Jianshu Zhuo3, Dongjie Zhang2, Xiuqin Yang3* and Di Liu1, 2*
...f E2F transcription factors and has been involved in carcinogenesis. So far, little is known on porcine E2F3. Here, we cloned the complete coding sequence (CDS) of E2F3b and identified seven alternatively spliced transcripts in pigs using molecular biology technique for the first time. The CDS of the canonical transcripts (named V1) of porcine E2F3b is 1023 bp in length, and showed 93.35% and 90.62% identities with the homol...
Zhen-Yang Wu1, Li Li1, Yu-Hua Fu2, Sheng Wang3, Qing-Ming An1, Xiao-Hui Tang4, Xiao-Yong Du3,5,* and Fei Zhou6,*
...an sheep is one of China’s three coarse-wool sheep, the wool is mainly used for the production of Tibetan carpets and its coat color as one of important economic traits which can affect wool price directly. In this study, to investigate the functional roles of genes in Tibetan sheep skin with different coat colors, we sequenced genes from six skin samples using Solexa sequencing. The...
Minghao Gong1*, Shiliang Pang2, Zhongyan Gao2, Wanyu Wen1, Ling Zhang3, Gang Liu1, Huixin Li1, Fawen Qian4 and Wenfeng Wang2
...reas that ensure the RCC’s long-term survival. Based on monitored data of nesting locations and climate variables gathered from 2014 to 2017 around Zhalong Reserve on the Songnen Plain in northeast China, we used four General Circulation Models in Maxent modeling to project changes, including suitability and fragmentation, in RCC breeding habitat up to the year 2050. Based on climate change, we predicted a decline in 2050 of suitable and sub-suitable hab...
Ayesha Alam1,* and Labeeb Ali2
...virus, are common mediators of the diseases in human beings. Including respiratory disorders, bronchiolitis, digestive tract disorders, pneumonia and conjunctivitis. Additionally, traces of COVID-19 were also found in sewage water sources in some countries like Italy bringing attention towards analysis of sewage water. Based on information from cited literature it is estimated that an indi...
Muhammad Shahbaz1,*, Nosheen Farooq1, Abu ul Hassan Faiz1, Arshad Javid2, Irfan Baboo3, Misbah Shoukat1 and Muhammad Aslam Khan4
...tudy explored the biodiversity of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) in the district of Bagh, and at some adjoining areas, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, during the period May 2017 to October 2017. The specimens were identified under the binocular microscope by following the taxonomic keys of Christophers (1933), Barraud (1934) and Rueda (2004). A total of 2895 specimens of mosquitoes were collected from the study area, belonging to f...
Shikang Deng1,2, Yan Jin2, Jing Xu2, Xiufang Zhu2, Pinghai Hu2, Jiao Li2, Li Zhang2 and Jianzhong Tang2,*
... inhibiting bile duct scars. One of the mechanisms may be related to its ability to inhibit the expression of TGF-β1, cyclinD1, and CDK4 in bile duct scar fibroblasts.
...
Somia Shehzadi1, Sana Javaid Awan2, Maryam Javed1*, Asif Nadeem1 and Tahir Yaqub3
...ain suitable growth factors for viability of ATFs. Fetal bovine serum (FBS) is used extensively in cell culture but being expensive and scarce in availability, its alternatives are needed. This study proposed autologous equine serum (AES) and adult bovine serum (ABS) to be evaluated as alternative to FBS. ATFs were cultured in DMEM-HG and supplemented with 10% FBS, 10% AES and 10% ABS. At passage 4, each group showed same morphology and appearance, there was a...
Pengfei Liu1*, Hongxia Liu2 and Jiajia Xiao1
...i (EL), are two members of family Leiothrichidae, who are both assumed sexually monomorphic. We employed reflectance spectrometry to determine the plumage coloration in these two species in the hand. PL with dull plumage, the males had brighter head plumage than females, there was no significant difference in coloration of wing and breast plumage between two sexes. EL appeared relatively bright and polychrome plumages, and the males had extremely significa...
Muhammad Shoaib1, Imran Rashid1*, Haroon Akbar1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh2, Shahid Hussain Farooqi3, Muhammad Asif3, Mumtaz Ali Khan4, Shakeel Mahmood5 and Farhan Anwar Khan6
...e: small;">Ticks as vectors of various human, livestock and companion animal diseases are most important globally. In accordance to its economic impact the current study was conducted in three districts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan i.e. Mardan, Kohat and Swat. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of ixodid ticks and associated animals’ related risk factors
Maria Syafiqah Ghazali1, Azlan Che’ Amat2 and Nor Azlina Abdul Aziz1*
...ic infections might be worse and pose a serious threat to endangered species. The present study was conducted to observe the occurrence of gastrointestinal parasites in large felines in a Malaysian zoo. Ten faecal samples were collected from pumas (Puma concolor, n = 5), African lions (Panthera leo, n = 3), a spotted leopard (Panthera pardus, n = 1), and a black panther (Panthera onca, n = 1). All faecal samples were examined for pa...
Hannan Nasib Hamid1,*, Muhammad Rais1, Muhammad Arif2 and Rubina Noor2
... National Park for the first time which could be used as a baseline. The national park features arid climate and two main vegetation types: tropical thorn forest and sub-tropical broad-leaved ever green forest. The data were gathered from July, 2017 to August, 2018, from major habitat types of the national park using visual encounter survey method aided with pitfall and funnel trapping. Twenty three herpetofauna species (14 recorded through direct sightings) w...
Jun Yan Bai*, Kun Peng Shi, Xiao Ning Lu, Xiao Hong Wu, Xue Yan Fu, Heng Cao, Hong Deng Fan, Meng Ke Chen and Yong Kang Ma
...recognize molecular markers of slaughter performance of quail, SNP in control regions of cytogenin gene (MyoG) 5’ in French giant quail, and Savimit quailwas detected by PCR-SSCP method in this study. Moreover, correlations of control regions of MyoG 5’ with slaughter performance of quail were analyzed. Results demonstrated that: In meat quail, three genotypes (AA...
Rabia Riaz1, Khushi Muhammad1*, Masood Rabbani1, Muhammad Amjad Iqbal2, Aamir Riaz Khan2, Sadia Sarfaraz1, Mudassar Naseer3 and Khalid Majeed1
...On 7th day of age (broilers: n=40) each bird of group A, B, C and D (n=8) was vaccinated (subcutaneous: 0.3ml) with G-MG, O-MG, G-MG+NDV (New castle Disease Virus) and O-MG vaccines, respectively. Serum samples were collected on 21, 28 and 35 days post vaccination for anti-MG-ELISA antibody titer. Cumulative mean anti-MG-ELISA antibody titer of birds to G-MG, O-MG, G-MG+NDV, O-MG+NDV and control was 80.30, 137.49, 91.59, 169.76 and 0.15 units respectively on 3...
Gulzar Ahmad*, Muhammad Bilal Khan, Junaid Bahadar Khan and Faheem Ali
...r. In the past, researchers employed different dielectric substrates to analyze microstrip patch antenna in low frequency range. In the presented research work three different dielectric materials were investigated in the higher frequency range starting from 12GHz as the scientists consider these higher frequencies suitable for future wireless mobile applications. Three simple rectangular patch structures were designed on three different insulated substrates i...
Oluwatobi Emmanuel Olaniyi1,2*, Chukwudiemeka Onwuka Martins2, Mohamed Zakaria2
...ment | This is the first study that estimated the population and model the site occupancy of Porphyrio porphyrio indicus (PPI) and Amaurornis phoenicurus (AP) in the urban wetlands of Malaysia.
...
Sana Mehmood1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Muhammad Summer1, Sher Muhammad Sherawat2, Shaukat Ali1*, Sajida Naseem3
... identifications of spiders from rice ecosystems of district Lahore, Sialkot and Mandi Bahauddin, Punjab, Pakistan by using DNA barcoding. A total of 2736 spiders were collected from July to October during 2018-19. They were brought to the laboratory for subsequent morphological identification, DNA extraction and sequencing. We identified 38 morph-species, representing 22 genera and 8 families. Accuracy of morphological iden...
Muhammad Shahid1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah1, Waheed S. Khan2, Shafqat Saeed1 and Kashif Razzaq3
Application of Nanotechnology for Insect Pests Management: A Review
...n density dependent factors that deteriorate the quality and production of various crops i.e. vegetables, fruits, ornamental and field crops. In past decade, these insect pests had been controlled by the application of synthetic insecticides but due to the injurious application of these insecticides causes the development of resistance, environmental pollution, pest resurgence and unwanted effects on humans, animals and beneficial fauna. The pesticides residue...
Inam Ullah1,2, WU Qing-Ming1*, Ruqia Bibi2 and Najam Un Nisa2
Comparison of Nesting Site Preferences and Breeding Ecology of Red-Vented Bulbul, Baya Weaver, and Grey Bush Chat in Sheikh Badin National Park Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan
...non related to the birds’ reproductive behavior. Nests play a pivotal role in various growth stages of birds, including breeding, defense, environmental factors, shelter, and conservation. The relation between a bird and plant species is considered to be the central aspect of wildlife and biodiversity , which makes the nesting behavior a vital factor when investigating the life...
Rahat Afza, Muhammad Asam Riaz*, Muhammad Afzal and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed
Adverse Effect of Sublethal Concentrations of Insecticides on the Biological Parameters and Functional Response of Predatory Beetle Coccinella septempunctata (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of Brassica Aphid
...tural insect pest predators. Herein, the effect of insecticides at their sublethal concentrations was assessed on the biological parameters and functional response of Coccinella septempunctata. All insecticides significantly reduced the fecundity, TPOP (total pre-oviposition period), larval weight and increased the life span of C. septempunctata relative to control. Thiamethoxam and lambda-cyhalothrin non-significantly reduc...
Sabina Noor1*, Fatimah Abang1 and Hamady Dieng2
Biology of an Exotic Butterfly Acraea terpsicore (Linnaeus, 1758) (Nymphalidae: Heliconiinae), in a Newly Invaded Region, Sarawak, Borneo
... in Kalimantan, it was firstly detected in Sarawak in 2013. Comparative observations on the life-cycle were conducted in relation to the urbanization levels. Passiflora foetida was recorded as the primary host plant of this species. Fecundity in a single cohort varied from 30 to 85 eggs, whereas eggs were oriented on the underside marginal areas of host plant leaves. The developmental time of A. terpsicore to complete its li...
Shishir Sharma* and Laxmi Prasad Joshi
Current Insights on Stemphylium Blight of Lentil with its Management Strategies
...- Pleospora herbarum), first identified in Bangladesh in 1986, is a significant challenge to all the major lentil-growing nations. It induces partial to complete foliar damage and results in about 3/5th to full failure of the lentil yield. The molecular study for the recognition and delineation of species is inevitable as high complexity is seen due to environmental concerns and contrasting morphological characteristics among species. The frequency and intensi...
Eslam Moradi-Asl1*, Behnam Mohammadi Ghalehbin2, Kamran Akbarzadeh3, Jafar Mohammad-Shahi4, Hajar Afshin4
...quot;;">Myiasis were occurs in tropical regions and rural areas where animal contact is common. Wound myiasis occurs when fly larvae infect open wounds. We describe an old male with wound myiasis by agent of Lucilia cuprina, who had a history of diabetes and also blind that reefed to hospital in 13 September and was admitted to date 18 September 2019.Larvea extracted manually from thumb finger of left foot and sent to...
Luka Anthony*, Olugbenga Omotayo Alabi, Elizabeth Samuel Ebukiba and Vandi Gamba
...ne-height: normal;">Factors influencing the output of rice produced and choice of marketing outlets among small-holder rural farming households are the main focus to improve rice production and increase the income of the farmers. Primary data were used for this study. Data were obtained using a well-designed well-structured questionnaire. The questionnaires were administered to two hundred and seven (207) small-holder rural ...
Alam Zeb* and Amanullah Jan
...rch Farms, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar. During two consecutive Kharif growing seasons of 2013 and 2014, respectively. Three sowing methods (flat, ridges and raised bed) were kept as main plot factor, whereas four nitrogen levels (00, 60, 120, and 180 kg ha-1) and four treatments of sulphur (00, 20, 30 and 40 kg ha-1), were kept as sub plot factors, which were replicated four time f...
Vijay Lal and Muhammad Naeem*
...tion (P>0.05). Fulton’s condition factor showed nonsignificant relations to whole percent (%) body constituents except percent (%) ash, which showed least significant relation (P<0.05) for T. jarbua.
...
Muhammad Riaz Gondal1*, Sultan Ahmad Rizvi1, Aaqib Riaz2, Waqas Naseem1, Ghulam Muhammad1, Mazher Iqbal3, Humara Umer3 and Inam ul Haq3
Apposite Sowing Techniques to Optimize Productivity and Profitability of Berseem
..."text-align: justify;">Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) is an important fodder crop of Pakistan that provides nutritious and palatable fodder in repeated cuttings. Gap in its yield is required to be addressed, which is aim of the current study. This study was carried out to select an appropriate sowing technique for optimization of fodder and seed yield as well as to maximize the net return. The experiment was conducted using five sowing techniques viz., br...
Tofique Ahmed Bhutto1, Mahmooda Buriro1, Niaz Ahmed Wahocho2, Safdar Ali Wahocho2, Muhammad Iqbal Jakhro3*, Zulfiqar Ali Abbasi1, Reema Vistro1, Fehmeeda Abbasi1, Sanam Kumbhar1, Fateh Muhammad Shawani4 and Nadar Hussain Khokhar5
Evaluation of Wheat Cultivars for Growth and Yield Traits under Agro-Ecological Condition of Tandojam
...genetic potential cultivars is one of the main factors which cause yield reduction in wheat. In this regard, the selection of new high yielding cultivars with better adaptability to local conditions is important for growth and yield associated traits. The highly varied performance of crop cultivars of the same species for growth and yield-related attribu...
Junaid Ahmad1*, Shazma Anwar1, Anwar Ali Shad2, Fazal Yazdan Saleem Marwat3, Hamida Bibi4, Farhan Ahmad1, Wajia Noor5 and Bibi Sadia5
Yield and Nutritional Status of Mungbean as Influenced by Molybdenum and Phosphorus
...h Farm, Agriculture University of Peshawar in summer season 2018. The objectives of the study is to find out impact of different doses of molybdenum and phosphorus application on productivity and nutrients status of mungbean (Vigna radiate L.). The trial was laidout in randomized complete block design having three replicates. The experimental findings revealed that all the nutritional attributes and yield were significantly influenced with molybdenum and phosp...
Bina Khanzada1, Arfan Ahmed Gilal1*, Bhai Khan Solangi1 and Imtiaz Ahmed Nizamani2
Effect of Morphological Characters of Indigenous Sugarcane Varieties on Population of Chilo infuscatellus (Snellen) and its parasitoid, Cotesia flavipes (Cameron)
...of morphological characters of sugarcane varieties on infestation of C. infuscatellus, thus, on parasitism of C. flavipes, this study was conducted in 2013 and 2014. Ten sugarcane varieties i.e., NIA-98, NIA-2004, Thatta-10, Gulab-95, BL-4, L-116, SPS-26, AEC86-223, AEC82-1026 and Larkana-201 were used in the study, each sown on half acre area at Experimental field of Nuclear Institute of Agriculture, Tando Jam, Pakistan. Observations were taken on morphologic...
Zafar Abbas1*, Shahzada Munawar Mehdi2, Muhammad Nasir3, Muhammad Ashraf4, Salma Kausar5, Nadeem Iqbal6, Muhammad Zahid Khan Nazar7, Iftikhar Ahmad3, Ghulam Murtaza1 and Ijaz Ahmad8
Evaluation of Best Dose of Micronutrients (Zinc, Iron and Boron) to Combat Malnutrition in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)
...arried out in the farmer’s fields of Bahawalpur during Kharif-2018 and Kharif-2019 to examine the impact of different doses of micronutrients (Zn, Fe and Boron) on the yield and quality of brinjal. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Five different levels of micronutrients were applied. The treatment T5 i.e. (100-60-50)+ Borax (0.2) + ZnSO4 (0.5%)+FeSO4 (0.5%) exhibited maximum plant height, fru...
Hafiz Muhammad Wasim1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Aneela Riaz3, Abid Niaz2, Khurshid Ahmad Mufti4 and Muhammad Arif2
Deleterious Impact of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Toxicity on Chemical Properties of Soil and Ionic Composition of Rice
...y on rice growth parameters. Selection of soil with customary characteristics was done. Various levels of salinity; < 4, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 dS m-1 were established precisely using NaCl salt. Soil was left for appropriate period (30 days) for the accomplishment of salinity. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used for layout of the experiment. Transplantation of seedlings was performed in all pots. Application of mineral fertilize
Saba Aleem1*, Mehvish Tahir2, Iram Sharif3, Muqadas Aleem4, Muhammad Najeebullah2, Ali Nawaz1, Amina Batool1, Muhammad Imran Khan1 and Waheed Arshad1
Principal Component and Cluster Analyses as Tools in the Assessment of Genetic Diversity for Late Season Cauliflower Genotypes
...n: justify;">Genetic diversity is the baseline of any breeding program as determining the variability of germplasm is an indispensable assist for crop improvement strategies. Multivariate analyses such as cluster and principal component analysis measures the amount of genetic diversity in respect of several charaters and asseses the relative contribution of different traits to the total va...
Inam Ul Haq1*, Humara Umar2, Naeem Akhtar3, Muhammad Azhar Iqbal2 and Muhammad Ijaz1
Techniques for Micropropagation of Olive (Olea europaea L.): A Systematic Review
...ilities. Therefore, authors planned to document different critical stages of olive micropropagation like; media preparation, culture establishment, shoot and root proliferation and acclimatization which would be applied for micropropagation of olives at Barani Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Chakwal. Resultantly, olive expansion through micropropagation can be predicted in near future for sustainability of olive sector in Pakistan....
Hafiz Hammad Ahmad1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1*, Noor-us-Sabah1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Sher Muhammad2, Muhammad Aftab3, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Aneela Riaz4
Growth and Yield Response of Sunflower to Organic Amendments in Aridisol
...crop production. The adverse soil biogeochemical characteristics of alkaline-calcareous soils make P the least available macronutrient. Therefore, alternative P source such as rock phosphate (RP) can offer a promising choice for sustainable P supply under P stress environment. A pot research was executed to explore the response of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) to sparingly soluble P sources grown under P deficient environment at research area, College of Ag...
Muhammad Umair Hassan1, Muhammad Aamer1, Muhammad Nawaz2, Abdul Rehman3, Talha Aslam3, Ubaid Afzal4, Bilal Ahmad Shahzad3, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub5, Faryal Ahmed1, Ma Qiaoying1, Su Qitao1 and Huang Guoqin1*
Agronomic Bio-Fortification of Wheat to Combat Zinc Deficiency in Developing Countries
...d the plant growth, tillers production, chlorophyll synthesis, and crop yield. Moreover, in the case of humans’ Zn deficiency causes blindness, lower intelligence quotient (IQ) levels, weaker immune system, and impaired physical and mental development. Wheat crop play a chief role in daily food requirement and calories need in developing countries, however, inherently wheat has lower Zn contents. Moreover, soil Zn defi...
Muhammad Farooq1*, Elham Azadfar2, Zohre Bahrami3, Mahniya Sharifi3, A. Shakoor4, Shabir Ahmed5, Iftikhar Ahmed Solangi1, Muhammad Noman Khan6, Memona Siddique7, Naila Ilyas8*, Muhammad Bakhtiar9, Mohamed El-Fatieh Ismael1 and Wang Yunyang1
Optimization of Drying Process of Rambutan by Combined Method of Osmosis Ultrasound and Complementary Drying of Hot Air
...s dehydration process. First, using Osmosis-ultrasound with 40.5% concentration in Sekanjabin solution then dried in an oven at a temperature of 70°C. The characteristics of solid gain, water and weight loss, shrinkage and rehydration were evaluated. The obtained results showed that by increasing the concentration of weight and water loss, solid gain increased. Accordingly, in a higher concentrated osmotic solution, the osmotic pressure, which is a key fac...
Hillary M.O. Otieno
A Review of White Mango Scale (Aulacaspis tubercularis Newstead; Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in Sub-Saharan Africa: Distribution, Impact and Management Strategies
...practices ready for farmers to implement. This has caused farmers to rely on nature and sometimes adoption of crude and ineffective traditional control methods. Farmers capable of using pesticides apply very toxic products that are not only harmful to the applicators but also to the beneficial organisms. Agronomic management strategies like right varieti...
Muhammad Farooq1*, M. Javed Iqbal2, Rizwan Shukat2, Qayyum Shehzad3, Shabir Ahmed4, Elham Azadfar5, Abdul Saboor6, Ibrar Ahmad7, Iftikhar Ahmed Solangi1, Kaleem Kakar8, Shoaib Khan9 and Wang Yunyang1
Development of Onion Powder by using Egg Albumin as a Foaming Agent by Foam-Mat Drying Process
... the drying time of 5 hours for foamed onion paste at 65°C and 75°C. Hence, foamed onion paste dried in 240 and 300 min at 65 °C and 75 °C temperature, respectively, with 12 % concentration of egg albumin....
Keke Liu, Yuanhao Ying, Yuxin Xiao, Jing Yan, Mengzhen Zhang and Yonghong Xiao*
..., sp. nov. (♂♀) is firstly described from Jiangxi Province, China. The new species is diagnosed and illustrated with photographs. A distribution map is also given.
...
Muhammad Umar1, Muhammad Arshad2, Mubashar Hussain1*, Moazama Batool3 and Muhammad Faheem Malik1
...">For two consecutive years, population estimates of avifauna were carried out. Simultaneously hydrological analysis of surface water of Mangla wetland was also conducted. Bird census was carried out in the months of January and February for both years (2010 and 2011) when a large number of migratory birds visit the Mangla Wetland. The birds were counted by the Point Count Method from a fixed point and for a fixed time perio...
Xiaopeng Tang1,*, Lei Chen1, Kangning Xiong1, Dun Deng2 and Peng Peng2,*
...t levels of corn distillers dried grain with solubles (DDGS) on the growth performance of meat ducks. To this end, a total of 450 Shuanggui-tou meat ducks with comparable body weights were treated with increasing concentration of DDGS. Compared to mock-treated group, the average daily gain (ADG), average daily feed intake (ADFI) and feed to meat ratio (F:G) were measured. It was revealed that the addition of DDGS up to 24% in the diet remained ineffective for ...
Ashara Sajid1, Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar1, Saeed Rauf 2, Zahoor Hussain3, Salman Ahmad1 and Yasir Iftikhar1,*
...s recorded in two cultivars Kinnow (Citrus reticulate Blanco) and Mosambi (Citrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck), among significant citrus-growing areas of Sargodha district based on symptoms. Random samples of trees within orchards were scored based on characteristic symptoms like blotchy mottle, lopsided unripe fruits, and aborted seeds were observed. The highest incidence of 26% was recorded in Kot Momin, while the lowest...
Umair Faheem1*, Qaisar Abbas1, Saghir Ahmad2, Ghayour Ahmad2, Abdul Karim2and Mussurat Hussain1
...he back bone of Pakistan’s economy. It is attacked by several sap sucking and chewing insect pests during its growth, which results in the significant reduction of the cotton yield. Among these insect pests, Amrasca biguttula biguttula ‘Jassid’ are the most destructive ones. Beside these insect pests, environmental factors also affect the cotton production as well ...
Ghulam Sarwar1, Amna Nazir1*, Muhammad Rizwan1, Eram Shahzadi2 and Abid Mahmood3
...e upland cotton (G. hirsutum L.) is utmost natural fiber used in textile industry. Awareness about genetic diversity is very essential for fruitful genetic improvement approaches. Correlation, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analyses were performed to estimate genetic diversity in 25 cotton genotypes. Correlation analysis revealed that days to fi...
Faiza Altaf1, Shamim Gul1,2*, Tasawar Ali Chandio3, Gul Bano Rehman1, Attiq-ur-Rehman Kakar4, Sami Ullah4, Naqeebullah Khan4, Umbreen Shaheen5, Muhammad Naeem Shahwani6, Muhammad Ajmal7 and Misbah Manzoor8
...and lettuce. These biochars were separately mixed with poultry manure as 1:1 ratio on air-dry weight bases. Soil was contaminated with chromite mine tailing debris at 2% amendment rate (980 g soil + 20 g debris). Biochar-poultry manure mixtures were applied in soil at 10% and 20% amendment rates (respectively, 900 g soil + 100 g mixture and 800 g soil and 200 g mixture of poultry manure and biochar in 1:1 mixture ratio). After harvest of tomato, lettuce was gr...
Imran Haider1, Muhammad Aown Sammar Raza1*, Rashid Iqbal1, Salman Ahmad1,2, Muhammad Usman Aslam1, Muhammad Israr3, Umair Riaz4, Maliha Sarfraz5, Nasir Abbas6, Salman Haidar Abbasi7, Zafar Abbas8 and Muhammad Aamer9
...onment, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur in November 2019. Factorial arrangement in Randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used to design the experimentation. The experiment consisted of six treatments viz, Control, a drought at flowering and grain filling stages, Amino acid @ 1.5 ml L-1 + drought at flowering and grain filling, Amino acid @ 3 ml L-1 + drought at flowering and grain filling, Yeast @ 3g L-1 + drought at...
Muhammad Muhsin1, Muhammad Nawaz2, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha3,Sadia Khan4, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal5, Muhammad Zubair Amin6, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub7, Usman Anwar8, Muhammad Umair Hassan1 and Muhammad Umer Chattha1*
...assess the impact of diverse seed sizes (SS) on the growth and yield of wheat crop under late sowing conditions. The study was comprised of different sowing dates (SD), SD1: 15th December, SD2: and 30th December and different seed size classes i.e. bold (having a diameter of > 2.7 mm), medium (having a diameter of > 2.3 mm to 2.7 mm), small (having a diameter of ≤ 2.3 mm) and mixed seeds. The results indicat...
Mansoor Qadir1*, Yousaf Khan2, Shahid Khan3, Djamaleddine Djeldjli3 and Muhanned Ismael Ibrahim Al Firas4
...communicating subscriber’s simultaneous access of the entire medium with maximum security and spectral efficiency. This paper aims to design and analyze 2 dimensional OCDMA based coding scheme and corresponding network architecture to support high capacity Gigabit Passive Optical Network (GPON). The coding scheme is proposed by deploying diagonal eigenvalue unity (DEU) scheme at the frequency domain (X-axis) in combination with double weight zero cross-c...
Nasir Rashid1,2*, Javaid Iqbal1,2, Umar Shahbaz Khan1,2, Mohsin Islam Tiwana1,2 and Amir Hamza1,2
...utilized by the researchers earlier with different combinations of classification techniques based of feature extraction. The dataset has been recorded at Graz University of Technology, Austria and used for BCI competition 2008. Dataset comprises of EEG signals of four independent limb movements. These four movements represent feet movement, tongue movement, right hand and left-hand movements. In past researches, technique b...
Nowsher Yousaf1*, Bushra Khan1, Dennis Flanagan2 and Ishaq Ahmad Mian3
...city were important factors affecting soil erosion. The sandy clay loam soils of dense forest lands had a relatively small intensity of erosion (2.1 mm.yr-1) due to mean annual rainfall of 31.46 mm.yr-1 with high soil infiltration capacity value of 19.8 cm/h while the sandy clay loam soils of moderate forest lands having soil infiltration capacity value of 16.4 cm/h have mean annual erosion of 2.9 mm.yr-1due to mean annual rain...
Abdul Hafeez1*, Akhtar Nawaz Khan2 and Zahid Ullah3
...ll as in throughput. Understanding these approaches can help the biomedical community to shift batch-mode processing from cluster-based machines to real-time processing on low-end machines or smartphones in order to help the decision-makers and stack holders for early disease detection.
...
Tariq Mahmood Khalil1,2*, Muhammad Ajmal3, Iftikhar Zeb1,4 and Muhammad Azeem Khan1,5
...s of the globe. The farmers in these areas especially in the developing countries are using saline water for irrigation. This laboratory scale study was aimed to investigate the effects of saline water irrigation on development of total water potential within coarse and fine textured soils using a novel method based on water potential dynamics. Chilled mirror dew point hygrometer accurately captured the water potential dynam...
Shahid Hussain Abro1*, Mohammed N. Alghamdi2, Muhammad Sohail Hanif3, Hazim Moria2 andHamza Suharwardi1
...ype morphology. The fingers are parallel to pearlite so it is strongly believed that within this area the bainite structure is to be formed. This bainite is assumed to be austenite before cooling.
...
Abdul Nabi Jatt1,2*
...present study, for the first time provides evidence that the QS system via AHL molecules involved in regulating the production of two different forms of an extracellular cellulase enzyme, i.e., exoglucanase and endoglucanase in marine snow associated bacterium C. freundii B1....
Jia Shi
...egative chronic patients’ response to Peginterferon alfa-2a were included in the study. Cochran test was used to determine the homogeneity of the samples (based on Q test and I2 index). The prevalence was estimated based on the Random Effect size model in Revman software (version 3.5). The main result of this study showed that, in the 14 ...
Shuanping Zhao, Lei Xu, Hai Jin and Yutang Jia*
...ion (n=298). Genetic diversity analysis showed that g.1500G>A and g.1694T>A belonged to an intermediate level of genetic diversity (0.25<PIC<0.5), and SNP g.2213C>G belonged to a low polymorphism level (PIC<0.25). LD (Linkage disequilibrium) analysis showed that SNP g.1694T>A and g.2213C>G had a strong linkage (r2>0.33), a total of four different haplotypes were constructed and the frequ...
Ghazanfar Ali and Riffat-un-Nisa Awan*
...from three selected universities and surveyed through a questionnaire. The results of data analyses revealed gender wise differences in perceived level of CTIPs, CTS and AA in favor of female students. Students of physics were found better in CTS and students of chemistry were found better in academics. Teachers of chemistry were employing CTIPs more frequently than the other departments. The results also revealed that CTIPs...
Humza Sami1, Mahnoor Sagheer1, Muhammad Amir Altaf1, Javaid Iqbal2 and Muhammad Zubair1,*
...d localize the small tumors. The prototype hardware setup uses two Vivaldi antennas, one as transmitter and other as receiver for scanning. The distance between phantom and antennas is kept almost 20 cm. The scattered signals from the high contrast objects emulating the tumor characteristics have been processed through an open-source imaging algorithm, known as MERIT, to construct the image. To get the best results, images are constructed by comparing differen...
Javeria Afzal, Muhammad Abid, Faisal Hussain* and Alia Abbas
...oncentration after 48 hours of exposure time. In larval mortality test, maximum larval mortality (33%) was recorded in C. album leaf extract at 10% concentration while minimum larval mortality (0.66%) was noted in Solanum nigrum at 2% concentration in leaves and stem extracts after 72 hours of exposure time as compared to control.
...
Faiz Muhammad Khand1,Allah Bux Kachiwal2, Zubair Ahmed Laghari2, Shakeel Ahmed Lakho1, Pershotam Khattri2, Saeed Ahmed Soomro2, Nazar Ali Korejo2 and Ambreen Leghari1*
... approach. Three parameters crown rump length (CRL), trunk diameter (TD), and uterine diameter(UD)were selected for measurement of gestational age with the weekly interval from 3rd week to 15 weeks of gestation of 12 pregnant teddy goats, all three parameters were significantly (P<0.01) corelated with gestational age. The CRL was strongly positively correlated with gestational age (r2=0.98) fo...
Huan Yang1, Tingting Li1, Huimin Zhao1,2, Xiaoyuan Zhang1, Huiyan Xu1, Yangqing Lu1, Xingwei Liang1, Shengsheng Lu1, Xiaogan Yang1*and Kehuan Lu1*
...In this research, to understand the growth characteristics of buffalo SSCs in vitro, methods for their isolation, enrichment, culture and preliminary identification were established. Testes from 3- to 6-month-old buffalos were digested with two-step enzymatic treatment to obtain isolated single cells and then enriched with a differential plating method. Isolated SSCs were cultured on STO feeder cells with SSCs culture medium (SSCM), which is serum-free....
Ming-Yue Zhang*, Bo Yuan, Xiao-Hui Zhang, James Ayalaand Rong Hou*
...rease in specific behaviors and the reduction of abnormal behaviors are considered to be important indicators of the physical health of giant pandas, and the ideal result of environmental enrichment is to make captive giant pandas appear close to nature. To understand the effect of Pinus koraiensis bark substrate on the behavioural responses of ca...
Faheem Ahmed Khan1*, Sarzamin Khan2, Qurat-ul-Ain3, Saqib Ishaq1, Muhammad Salman1, Abdul Rehman1, Ikram Ullah4, Kalsoom5 and Johar Jamil5
..., and peach (Prunus persica), respectively. Utilizing yeast extract, peptone and dextrose maximum biomass was produced by S. cerevisiae isolate recovered from peach (SCP-1) i.e. 4.83 g/l. Using isolate SCP-1 higher biomass of S. cerevisiae was produced on sugarcane molasses (6.42 g/l) followed by orange peels. Microbial biomass produced on the sugarcane molasses was rich in crude proteins (56 %) followed by that from orange peels. H...
Małgorzata Dzierzęcka1, Sławomir Paśko2, Marcin Komosa3, Karolina Barszcz1, Bartłomiej Jan Bartyzel1 and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska4*
...analyzed the impact of horse age and body weight on the angle between the parietal surface of the coffin bone and the ground. A precise description of the plantar margin and the inclination of the parietal surface of the bone may contribute to a better understanding of the biomechanics and strength of the hoof, in particular in horses with higher body weights. The study material included c...
Qin Liu1,2, Bin Wang1,3, Yu Xu1,4, Xiuyue Zhang1, Tao Zeng1* and Jianghong Ran1*
...ified birdlings and helpers, bi-parents of eight offspring were successfully inferred and single parents of seven offspring were inferred at a confidence level of 95%. Except helper H1 without valid parents detected, the remaining six helpers were inferred to be at least single parents. The mean relatedness of nine females (0.08554 ± 0.01041) was smaller than that of 20 males (0.10243 ± 0.02838). The results sh...
Abdul Waheed Solangi, Lei Zhang, Yunxia Cheng and Xingfu Jiang*
...ment experienced by mothers can influence many of the characteristics of their offspring also apply resource-related maternal effects through differential egg provisioning; we investigated impact of flight on female egg production and longevity in the oriental armyworm Mythimna separata (Walker) and whether this contributed to making difference in considered suite of life-history traits on progeny growth i.e. developmental time, larval and pupal mass. ...
Muhammad Umar1, Mubashar Hussain1*, Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Muhammad Naeem Awan2 and David C. Lee3
...ndance, richness and diversity was recorded in Deva, with lowest community measures recorded in Barmala. Species richness and diversity peaked in September and was lowest in November. Applying a suite of community composition analyses, bird communities were significantly different across all the three sites (ANOSIM), with 10 species explaining 16.5% to 17.2% of these community dissimilarities (SIMPER). Of these key contribut...
Muhammad Mohsin Raza1*, Hera Gul2, Malik Muhammad Yousaf1, Sami Ullah3, Ghulam Sabir Hussain4, Mumtaz Hussain1, Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahmad1, Rao Wali Muhammad1, Ijaz Ahmad5 and Muhammad Zeshan6
...on the productivity of first ratoon of sugarcane genotype SPSG-394 was determined under field condition throughout the year 2017-18. Planting patterns under study comprised 100 cm spaced 30 cm wide single row ditches, 100 cm spaced 60 cm wide double row ditches, 100 cm spaced 90 cm wide triple row ditches, 100 cm spaced 100 x 100 cm, pits, 90 cm spaced single rows and 90 cm spaced double row strips. The quadruplicated experiment already laid out according to R...
Muhammad Ayub1*, Munir Hussain2, Sher Ahmad2, Syed Arif Hussain Rizvi3, Shahid Hussain1, Muhammad Qasim2, Muhammad Din2, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi4 and Tajudin2
...pest damaging potato tubers and causes economic loss of Gilgit-Baltistan. The study was conducted with an aim to develop eco-friendly management of white grub. Fermented extracts of four herbs Sophora alopecuroides, Artemisia sieversiana, Peganum harmalla and Tagetes minuta were evaluated against white grub under field conditions for two consecutive growing seasons during 2018 and 2019. The minimum per c...
Muhammad Hamayoon Khan*, Niaz Hussain Khuhro, Muhammad Awais, Muhammad Usman Asif and Raza Muhammad
...rocera zonata (Saunders) and B. dorsalis (Hendel) cause severe qualitative and quantitative damages to various fruits. The present study was executed to record the population dynamics of these fruit fly species in guava and mango orchards with respect to meteorological factors using methyl eugenol-baited traps. The results revealed that population of both the species highly fluc...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1*, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1*, Mumtaz Hussain1, Jahangir Shah1, Rao Wali Muhammad1, Sami Ullah2,3, Hera Gul4, Ijaz Ahmad5 and Muhammad Zeshan6
...rious agro-climatic factors was conducted at the Arid Zone Research Institute Bahawalpur. Healthy jojoba seeds were sown at the fortnightly intervals by dividing the whole year into 16 treatments to identify the optimum sowing time for the Cholistan desert of Bahawalpur. The results revealed that maximum germination rate of 85.63%, 85.93%, and 82.83% were found in treatment 16th September during the whole study period (2011-14). The 16th ...
Mashal Malik and Mudassar Nawaz Khan*
...nd owing to lack of farmers interest and government attention. Soybean lines; B24G14, B23G5, B20G16, B21G2, B21G9, B6G23, B23G16 and B29G11 were grown for one month and analyzed for morphological and molecular variations. In order to analyze genetic variations, Single sequence repeat (SSR) markers were used. The line B20G16 showed the highest morphological growth paramete
Arsalan Khan1, Aminullah Khan2, Dil Fayaz Khan2, Sajid Khan1, Anjum1, Waqar Ali3, Habib Akbar1 and Ahmad Khan1*
...) had produced more tillers m-2 (288 tiller m-2) as compared to sole source or control plots. Conclusively, CT performed better than DT for wheat crop phenology and crop stand. Similarly, Urea, FYM and PM applied in equal ratio improved crop stand whereas sole urea delayed phenology of wheat crop. Thus, it is recommended that 120 kg N ha-1 supplied as 33.3% from urea, FYM and PM combined with CT practice is more favorable produ...
Muhammad Zubair1, Habib Ahmad2*, Brian E. Hemphill3, Muhammad Tariq4 and Muzafar Shah5
...mall;">Analyzing the diversity of non metric phenotypic traits of the mature teeth, in three ethnic groups’ viz. Daudzai, Khalil and Mohmand of Peshawar districts, of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (KP) of Pakistan. Dental casts obtained from both mandible and maxilla of 375 volunteers in which 75 male and 50 females of all the tribes. The dental casts for each individual were analy...
Naveed Akhtar1*, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1*, Sadia Tabassum1,
Munawar Saleem Ahmad2 and Khan Dil Badshah3
...on hematological parameters, biochemical components of blood, histopathological changes in different organs and DNA damage in Chirruh snow trout Schizothorax esocinus. WBCs, RBCs, hemoglobin, hematocrit, MCV, MCH, MCHC and platelets were significantly decreased in all treatedgroups compared to control. Monocytes showed significant increase in all experimental groups. Lymphocytes counts significantly decreased in all treated groups compared to control gr...
Wenyou Huang1, Dan Yü1, Song Huang1,2, Jian Xiao2, Ping Qi2, Anhua Song2* and Zhen Huang1*
...vely active abiotic factors including high temperature, desiccation and UV irradiation. Selecting isolates with high UV tolerance and virulence is important in improving the efficacy and utility of fungal insect pathogens as insect biological control agents for use under field conditions. UV-irradiation of Metarhizium lepidiotae, coupled to growth selection, second metabolites change and insect bioassays using Plutella xylostella larvae as the ho...
Muhammad Rashid, Mahmood Ahmad Sajid, Nosheen Noor Elahi, Sibgha Noreen and Kausar Hussain Shah*
...y provided a helpful understanding of the significant role of the antioxidant defense system of wheat crop especially the variety F23 in drought stress tolerance.
...
Muhammad Younis1, Muhammad Irfan-ur-Rehman Khan1*, Mustansar Abbas1, Ali Murtaza1, Imran Mohsin2, Muhammad Shahzad3 and Muhammad Zahid Tahir1
... in each cycle. CL was first detectable on Day 4.0±0.1, it reached maximum diameter on Day 9.0±0.1 and luteolysis began on Day 12.2±0.2 of the cycle. Peak estradiol-17β concentration was observed 48h before ovulation and correlated with the diameter of the preovulatory follicle (r=0.84; p<0.05). Plasma progesterone concentration was maximum on Day 9±0.1 and coincided with the diameter of CL throughout the cycle (r=0.9...
Muneer Abbas1*, Dilbar Hussain2, Muhammad Saleem2, Abdul Ghaffar2, Sohail Abbas3, Niaz Hussain1 and Abdul Ghaffar1
... and Bactrocera dorsalis (Diptera: Tephritidae) has endangered the trade of Pakistani fruits in foreign markets. Use of IPM is best way to control fruit fly by avoiding harmful insecticidal spray application in order to save natural enemies and environment. Experiment was conducted in three guava, citrus and mango producing districts of Punjab i.e. Faisalabad, Sargodha, Toba Tek Singh with five treatments. Each experimental unit comprised of ...
Kamal Al-Samawi1, Mohamed Al-Hassan2, Hussein Migdadi3,4*, Megahed Ammar5 and Salem Alghamdi3
... considered good indicators of goat pregnancy on day 23 post NM. These methods will provide early and precise detection of pregnancy compared to the routinely used serum P4 and US methods.
...
Ijaz Haider1*, Muhammad Akhtar1, Ali Noman2 and Muhammad Qasim3
...ect of some abiotic factors like temperature, relative humidity and rainfall on the adult population of these pests was also studied. The population of these pests was monitored on the light trap from March to November from 2000 to 2014 in rice wheat cropping system. Yellow stem borer (YB), white stem borer (WB) and pink stem borer (PB) first appeared on the light trap in March when average temperature was 18°C. YB and W...
Muhammad Tahir Waseem1, Abdul Majid Khan1*, Abdul Ghaffar2, Ayesha Iqbal1 and Rana Manzoor Ahmad1,3
...h represent that these horses dominantly inhabited C3 vegetation however, the C4 grasses were being indicated as the diet of Hipparionines the latest Miocene. All these species are believed to inhabit more open environment with patchy grasslands. Non-significant differences were observed between the species which explains that the dietary niche of these species was more or less similar. However, the values for carbon isotopes are highly d...
Ying Liu1, Shankun Liu1, Hui Wang2 and Weihua Su2,*
... and antioxidant parameters at dose dependent manner. Caffeic acid significantly (P<0.001) enhanced the level of insulin, hepatic glycogen as compared to GDM control group rats. Caffeic acid significantly (P<0.001) increased the level of antioxidant enzymes in the liver and pancreas tissue at dose dependent manner. Our finding clearly supported the beneficial effect of caffeic acid on not only the diabetes mellitus, but also alleviating Gestational diabe...
Muhammad Naeem1,2, Nasir Rajput1,2, Sher Ali3, Asmatullah Kaka2, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro2, Mehvish Rajput2 and Tian Wang1,*
Ahmad Kamran Khan1, Muhammad Hamid Bashir2*, Shanza Ahmed3, Muhammad Amjad Bashir1, Shahbaz Ali1, Syeda Amber Hameed4, Munaza Batool5, Irfan Ahmed6 and Muhammad Naeem Khan7
...em. Family richness, diversity, abundance and evenness of soil inhabiting Prostigmata mites population in disturbed and undisturbed soil were estimated from five different localities of Punjab, Pakistan. Soil sampling was done after two months interval for a year 2014. Family richness, abundance and Shannon diversity indexes were higher in undisturbed soil as compared to the disturbed one in all the localities, while low var...
Muhammad Aman Ullah Khan1*, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Abdul Rehman1, Muhammad Nawaz2, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khan1, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub3, Arbaz Ahmad Khan1, Muhammad Adil Rehman1, Bilal Ahmad Shahzad1, Sajid Hussain1, Muhammad Umair Hassan1 and Riaz Ahmad1
...tooning potential of diverse clones of sugarcane under different trench spacing. The study was comprised of different trench spacing i.e., 90, 120, 150 and 180 cm and diverse sugarcane clones i.e., US-272, US-658, US-127 and US-704. The study was conducted in a randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement having three replications. The findings depicted that trench spacing and clones significantly affected su...
Saleem Maseeh Bhatti1*, Aslam Khan Gadehi1, Inayatullah Rajpar1, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro2, Mukesh Kumar Soothar1 and Zohaib Ur Rehman Bughio1
...a range of NaCl salt-waters (EC 2.0, 4.0, 6.0 and 8.0 dS m-1) and canal water (EC 0.3 dS m-1). Spinach plants were irrigated with defined EC levels at 80% field capacity of a clay loam, non-saline soil. Results indicated that the growth and yield parameters of spinach genotypes were constantly decreased with an increase in EC levels of irrigation water. The plants irrigated with EC 6.0 and 8.0 dS m...
Muhammad Jahanzaib1*, Nazakat Nawaz1, Muhammad Arshad1, Haris Khurshid1, Muzamil Hussain2 and Shahid Ali Khan1
... role in improved cultivars’ development. The current study was conducted to estimate genetic variability, traits association, and path coefficient analysis in eleven groundnut advanced breeding lines together with check vis BARD-479, using randomized complete block design with three replications at National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad, Pakistan. Through One-Way Analysis of variance significant discr...
Muhammad Bilal Anwar1, Mirza Azhar Beg1, Amjad Rashid Kayani1, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem1*, Syed Israr Shah1, Sajida Noureen2,
Muhammad Mushtaq1 and Tariq Mahmood3
...erent sized avian predators coexisting in the Wildlife Park Lohi Bher, Rawalpindi district of the Punjab province of Pakistan. These crepuscular and nocturnal owls are the least studied group of birds in northern regions. In this study, we compared seasonal differences in the diet of three owl species in an uncultivated area with rapid urbanization all around to better understand their ecological significance. Regurgitated p...
Eman A. Al-Shahari1,2, Abdelhalim A. Alkhazendar3, Eman R. ElBealy4 and Abeer A. Alm-Eldeen3*
... from 30-months old rats’ testis were examined before and after 200 mg of quercetin/Kg administration. Before quercetin administration, they showed an increase in the lipid peroxidation and 8-hydroxy-2’-deoxyguanosine while showed a decrease in the superoxide dismutase activity, testosterone level and sperm count and viability. Seminiferous tubules diameters were 84.3 ± ...
Baochao Liao1,2, Xiujuan Shan2,3* and Yunlong Chen2,3
...ed primary model parameters (e.g., energy conductance, ὺ; allocation coefficient, κ; and volume-specific somatic maintenance, [ṗM]), and for a 5-year simulation, calculated a mean population growth rate (rp) of 3.4 year−1. When DEB theory is combined with an ABM, the combined model describes the dynamics of a population of individuals, where each individual follows an energy budget mo...
Muhammad Qayash Khan1,2, Muhammad Zubair Anjum2, Muhammad Adnan3, Abbas Khan1, Hafsa Zahid1, Javed Nawab4, Sher Zaman Safi5, Muhammad Ishaq Ali Shah6, Atif Kamil7 and Abid Ali1*
... conceal the genetic diversity but also pose problems in fisheries management and conservation practices. The purpose of the present study was a molecular characterization of fish species of economic importance belonging to the genus Schizothorax, Tor and Mystus collected from various rivers of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The samples were morphologically identified, its mitochondrial DNA was extracted and sub...
Iram Liaqat1*, Tahir Hussain1,2, Aisha Waheed Qurashi3, Gulbeena Saleem2, Asia Bibi4, Muhammad Fiaz Qamar5,ShaukatAli1 and Ikram-ul-Haq6
...air liquid interface coverslip, (2) biofilm quantification at different time intervals and (3) monitor antibiofilm effect of three proteolytic enzymes including trypsin, chymotrypsin and proteinase k against S. Gallinarum. We observed that S. Gallinarum has strong biofilm forming ability as observed by dark black colonies on congo red medium. Quantification assays such as test tubes revealed significantly (p<0.001) strong biofilm after 5 days ...
Muhammad Akram Muneer1, Khalid Munir1, Ghulam Abbas1’*, Isra Munir1, Mumtaz Ahmad Khan1, Asif Iqbal1, Munsoor ud Din Ahmad1, Muhammad Arshad Javid2, Zareen Fatima1 and Maria Arshad1
...b> and COVID-19 are members of family Coronavirdae. World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the novel Cov-19 virus infection was first diagnosed in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China during December 2019. Initially the virus was named as nCoV-19 and later disease due to this virus was named as COVID-19, and recently named as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona virus 2 (SA
Natalija Grittner1, Radomir Mandić2,* and Milivoje Urošević3
...s of Serbia. Breeds of horses, donkeys, cattle, buffalo, sheep, goats, pigs, chickens, geese, turkeys, ducks, guinea fowls, dogs and bees were analyzed. The number of populations these indigenous breeds in Serbia has been shown in this paper. It is proposed that 15 breeds (13 breeds and 2 strains), which are not protected by the Decree of the Ministry of Agriculture of Serbia on animal genetic resources, be included in the Decree in the future, in order to pre...
Ammara Gull-e-Fareen1,2, Imran Bodlah1,*, Muhammad Adnan Bodlah3, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Habib Ali4 and Muhammad Asif5
...o reddish brown except tarsal segments lighter in colouration. Suspected trophic associations with Ischiodon scutellaris (F.) via Aphis nerii onCalotropis procera (Ait.) Ait and Tinocallis kahawaluokalani (Kirkaldy) on Lagerstroemia indica have been given. Studies suspected that C. notata parasitizes the immature of Ischiodon scutellaris (F.) like other reported...
Iftikhar Hussain1, Sardar Azhar Mehmood1, Muzafar Shah2*, Mohammad Salim3, Shabir Ahmed1, Sana Ullah1,Sidra Batool4, Nadia Saeed1 and Khalid Usman1
...orm the study area for first time. Morphometry of all captured C. sphinx showed that head and body length was 77.13 mm, ear length 19.51 mm, forearm length 65.49 mm, length of tibia 26.61 mm, length of hind foot 17.95 mm and length of tail 7.35 mm. Phylogenetic analysis was performed on the bases of CO1 gene sequences. The mean intraspecific divergences of C. sphinx were 0.011%. The nucleotide composition of the sequences showed hig...
Qiang Tang1 and Qianli Tang2*
...f subdermal collagen fibers also decreased (p<0.001), inflammatory factors TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in skin tissue increased (all p<0.001), and expression levels of Ang-1 and Tie-2 proteins in skin tissue decreased (both p<0.001). Compared with model group, thickness of epidermis, dermis and collagen fibers, and expression levels of Ang-1 and Tie-2 pro...
Hina Habib Syed1, Muzafar Shah2*, Shahid Sherzada3 and Masroor Elahi Babar1
...thick and thin blood smears and rapid diagnostic test of which 118 (11.24%) were found infected with malaria parasite. Comparative Data was also collected from other labs of District Swat which accumulated to a total of 9255 patients, among which 932 (10.07%) patients were found positive for malaria parasite. Male infected were 558 (59.87%) while 374 (40.13%) were female. The collective data showed majority of the infected patients belonged to age group 1-10 y...
Rao Muhammad Ramiz1, Arfan Ahmad2*, Aamir Ghafoor2, Muhammad Avais3, Qurat-ul-Ain1 and Muhammad Zahid Iqbal3
...presence and genetic diversity of BLV in cattle of two districts of Punjab, Pakistan. Blood samples (n=400) taken from local (n=200) and exotic (n=200) breeds of cattle were processed for complete blood count. Based on lymphocyte counts, samples were divided into two groups (A, lymphocytosis, B, normal lymphocytes) and tested through ELISA and nested PCR for serological investigations and molecular characterization respectively. In this study, animals of group...
Rashid Mahmood1*, Muhammad Abu Bakar2, Muhammad Fahim Raza3, Ziyad Abdul Qadir1 and Muhammad Yahya2
Nosheen Basharat1, Usman Waheed2,3*, Muhammad Arshad1, Noor e Saba4, Iram Masood1, Akhlaaq Wazeer1, Ahmad Farooq1, Sadaf Moneeba1, Abdul Rauf5 and Hasan Abbas Zaheer2,3
...me. TTV represents the first circovirus-like virus found in humans. The study was conducted to assess the molecular epidemiology of TTV in healthy blood donors and find its relationship with hepatitis B and hepatitis C seropositivity. The study was conducted at the Department of Pathology and Transfusion Medicine, Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Medical University, Islamabad, from November 2016 to Ju...
Riffat Sultana1*, Nuzhat Soomro2, Santosh Kumar3 and Ahmed Ali Samajo2
...i>O. fuscovittata (Marschall, 1836) and Oxyina bidentata Willemse. In trials carried out in laboratory we verified the following mating sequence: (1) sexual recognition by antennation; (2) courtship with male turning his abdomen towards the female performing mediolateral antennae vibration and jerking its body antero-posteriorly. We quantified elapsed time of each behavioral sequence i.e. age of maturation, duration of pre-copulatory and mati...
Tanveer Hussain, Masroor Ellahi Babar*, Akhtar Ali and Fiaz Hussain
...ge threatening the Earth’s biodiversity, the camel proved to be a unique animal with physiological features. These attributes of the camel instigate us to explore its genetic architecture. Pakistan boasts a camel population of about 20 different breeds and a total of one million head. However, till date, scarce genetic data is available on Pakistani camel’s genomics. In efforts...
Eman Khalifa1*, Riad Khalil2 and Haitham Elaadli3
...">From the world’s highlight on dangers of tuberculosis as a zoonotic and debilitating disease threatening animal and human health beside economy, this research aimed to determine the prevalence of Mycobacterium bovis from buffaloes’ mastitic milk by isolation on Lowenstein-Jensen medium (LJ medium), Ziehl-Neelsen staining; identification by different b...
Rahmat Ullah Khan, Asif Sadam and Sajid Mahmood*
...sity and ecological factors affecting chakor partridge (Alectoris chukar) were studied in district Bajaur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa during May, 2017-April, 2018. Known habitats were divided into three categories: 1) vertical barren rocks 2) rocky vegetation slopes and 3) grassy mountainous slopes near agricultural fields. The average monthly population density was 0.198±0.04/ha by line transect method. During the period June, July, September and Octobe...
Ahmad Ur Rahman Saljoqi, Muhammad Salim* and Iftikhar Ahmad
...k Design having two factors with three replications and six treatments. Treatments Emamectin 1.9 EC @ 750 ml ha-1, orange (Citrus aurantium L.) peel extract @ 5%, neem (Azadirachta indica) seed extract @ 5%, neem oil @ 3%, green lacewing, Chrysoperla carnea @ 3 eggs plant-1,were applied three times. A total of 30 plants in each treatment were selected randomly for the data collection at 1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 days inter...
Sana Khan1*, Faiza Aman1, Muhammad Ismaeel2, Zafar Ali2, Mehboob Alam1, Sadeed Iqbal1 and Taimur Khan3
...growth and yield parameters of pea (Pisum sativum L.) cultivars at Agricultural Research Station, Swabi-Pakistan, during the year 2016-17. The plots were prepared according to Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement that were replicated three times. Phosphorus levels (0, 30. 60, 90, and 120 kg ha-1) were subjected to main plots and cultivars (M...
Dabesa Wegari and Fikiru Temesgen Gelata*
...was identifying actors of the beef cattle value chain and their value addition activities in Toke Kutaye and BakoTibe Districts, West Shewa Zone, Oromia National Regional State, Ethiopia. The data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. For this study, both primary and secondary sources of data were collected. The primary data were collected from 376 producers, 30 fattene
Faiza Aman1,*, Neelam Ara1 and Syed Mehar Ali Shah2
...patterns for the characters under study. The genotypes were grown in plots using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) at Horticulture Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during 2016-2017 pea growing season. All the studied parameters showed significant (p≤0.01) differences, indicating the presence of sufficient variability among the genotypes. Minimum days to fi
Hafiz Hammad1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-Us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Aneela Riaz3, Abid Niaz4 and Muhammad Arif4
...ege of Agriculture, University of Sargodha in year 2018. The experiment was laid out in a complete randomized design (CRD) with eight treatments which were replicated four times. The treatments plan includes T1 = NK + P0 (Control); T2 = NPK (Recommended rate); T3 = NK + RP at 7 g pot-1; T4 = NPK + RP at 7 g pot-1; T5 = NK + RP at 7 g pot-1 + Wheat straw at 14 g p...
Sheza Shehzadi1, Mohammad Umar Farooq2*, Rukhsana Kausar1, Ijaz Ali1*, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3 and Maqbool Shahbaz4
...ecurity in the coming years and the ever increasing threat of environmental and social health due to the use of fossil fuel. Lingo-cellulosic biomass has seen getting fame as bioenergy crops in maintaining food security alongside fulfilling energy demands. Napier grass (Pennisetum purpureum) has turn out the promising nutritious forage to the livestock on the sustainable basis, feedstock for biofuel and also has proven to be environmental friendly. The ...
Kartika Noerwijati1*, Sholihin Sholihin1, Tinuk Sri Wahyuni1, Rohmad Budiono2, Nguyen Van Minh3, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi4, Zane Vincēviča-Gaile5 and Lulu Husna6
...the F1 plants’ ability to form tubers was not optimal, and there were even plants that only produce roots. However, there were F1 plants which had higher tuber yields than the average yield of the check varieties. The harvest index in F1 population ranged from 0.25 to 0.96 with an average of 0.75. The analysis cluster based on fresh tuber yield and harvest index of the F1 fam...
Grace Okongor, Chukwudi Njoku*, Pauline Essoka and Joel Efiong
...udy aimed to improve understanding of the nexus between climate variability and yam (Dioscorea spp.) production in Ikom Local Government Area of Cross River State, Nigeria. Rainfall, temperature, sunshine and relative humidity (1976-2016), as well as yam yield data (1990-2016) were considered. Resul...
Muhammad Tariq Chaudhary1, Saleem Ashraf 2, Muhammad Yaseen3 and Muhammad Luqman3
...plored some notable factors contributing to the employability in agriculture department, Government of the Punjab as perceived by the Diploma in Agricultural Sciences (DAS) holders. who were recruited in agriculture department during 2017. This study was quantitative and data were collected through questionnaire from 300 respondents who were recently appointed as Field Assistants (FAs) in Agriculture Department. Total 237 qu...
Sana* and Abbas Ullah Jan
...is revealed that a child’s age, gender (male) and school distance (more than walking distance) were found positively associated with a child’s involvement in agriculture. Household characteristics, such as head’s education, monthly income and ownership of agricultural land were important negatively affecting the determinants of child in...
Raheel Saqib1*, Muhammad Luqman2, Saleem Ashraf3, Tahir Munir Butt4, Abdur Rehman5, Imtiaz Hussain6 and Muhammad Umer Mehmood2
...ation and uplifts people’s living quality. All the rural farm families residing in district Mansehra served as the population for the study. In order to have a representation of the entire population, female respondents from the study area were drawn randomly. A total sample size of the study was 110 respondents (rural female engaged in different farming activities). Data were collected through pre-tested interview schedule and analyzed using SPSS. Resul...
Sadaqat Khan1,Saleem Ullah1* and Muhammad Sajid2
... physicochemical parameters of tomato hybrid Salar F1 grown in simple plastic tunnels using randomized complete block design. The data showed that plant height in centimeter, buds, flower, leaves and leaflets in numbers per plants with a range of 131.33 to 176.67 cm, 60 to 105, 41.5 to 60.0, 50.66 to 77.167 and 7.607 to 15.33, 30.33 to 82.0, respectively were significantly affected (P<0.05) by the interaction of selenium ...
Dilara Devranoglu, Ilksen Tavaci, Gonul Filoglu and Ozlem Bulbul*
...st abundant genetic markers in the human genome. SNPs are used in forensics for predicting the externally visible characteristics of a given individual based on a sample of DNA alone. In this study, we tested degraded DNA samples to determine the eye color prediction accuracy of the IrisPlex system. We used five years old bloodstains and UVC exposed (30 and 60 min) DNA samples. PCR and electrophoresis were performed. The mul...
Muhammad Yaseen1, Xu Shiwei2, Yu Wen2, Muhammad Luqman1*, Raheel Saqib3, Muhammad Ameen4, Sadia Hassan5 and Tahir Munir Butt6
... farming community. Farmers use various traditional and modern information sources such as extension field staff, fellow farmers, private sector, electronic media, print media, and information communication technologies (ICTs) gadgets to get the latest information necessary for agricultural productivity. This study aimed to explore the patterns of farmers to access and receive information ...
Jiawei Hong1,2, Mingqiang Chen 1,2, Zhenghua Deng1,2, Youning Li1,2 and Yu Wang1,2*
...ltered the community diversity of noble scallop. This study characterized the variation regularity of the intestinal microbial of the noble scallop in response to enrofloxacin treatment. These results, provide a comprehensive acquaintance with intestinal microecosystem of the noble scallop and contributes to a reasonable use of enrofloxacin treatment on noble scallop.
...
Waseem Khalid1, Ali Ikram1*, Muhammad Rehan2, Farukh Adeem Afzal1, Saadia Ambreen1, Marryam Ahmad3, Afifa Aziz1 and Anam Sadiq1
...ribed as effective electors for the production of innovative functional foods leading to a healthy food chain. It is concluded that the presence of bioactive compounds is fully justified by melon seed, including anti-inflammatory agents, hypoglycemic agent, antimicrobial, anti-genic and antioxidant potential.
...
Sadaf Javaria1, Anum Marwat1, Muhammad Nadeem2, Mehwish Zerlasht1, Aiman Kareem3, Iqra Rubab1 and Masooma Munir4*
...rmal;">Fresh fruit leathers, a dehydrated snack have the potential to increase fresh fruit utilization especially in the children. The present investigation was designed to standardize the formulation of apple peach mixed fruit leather. Exact formulation has very important role in producing an acceptable and admired food product and the product grab more market. Therefore, the formulation of apple peach mix fruit leather was standardized by different treatment...
Salman Ali1*, Ayaz Ali2, Riaz Ali Rind2, Majid Ali3, Zulfiqar Ali Mastoi2, Shagufta Naz3, Muhammad Shakir3, Rashid Ahmed Qaim Khani1
..., Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam. The treatments included in the study are: Grilled fish T1=, Fried fish T2=, Microwave T3 = respectively, and treatment were arranged in CRD with the repeats. The results revealed that the cooking in methods were significantly varied (LSD<0.05) for different parameters. The fish cooked in microwave resulted average value of moisture 65.03%, titratab...
Asima Batool1, Ghulam Abbas2*, Zuhair Hasnain3, Nasira Perveen4 and Muhammad Naeem Akhtar5
...rtment, Agriculture University, Faisalabad. Germinated maize seedlings / plants were placed in the glass fitted canopies, where canopy temperature was found 7-10°C higher than ambient temperature along with light reflection was enough for optimum photosynthesis. The plants were raised under heat stress environment for 15 days and harvested. Data regarding seedling para...
Ahmad Abrar Khan* and Muhammad Idrees
...ted to find out the factors affecting the production of apricot in district Mansehra, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa- Pakistan. Data were collected from 132 respondents belonging to the district Mansehra’s five agriculture circles through a pre-tested interview schedule. Results were obtained through frequency, percentage and multiple regression with a dummy variable model. The majority (46.2%) apricot growe<...
Tariq Ali Mastoi1, Zulfiqar Ali Mastoi2*, Zahoor Ahmed Khetran3, Ghulam Hussain Alizai2, Binish Baig4, Mitha Khan2 and Syed Jahangir Shah1
...dents were interviewed personally and necessary data were collected through structured questionnaire. The research revealed that majority of the respondents i.e. 50% were in the age limit between 31-40 years. Almost 36.25% respondents had elementary level education. Further, it is reported that 28.75% respondents had 30 acres landholding, while 28.75% of the farmers having upto 20 acres la...
Javaria Sherani1,2*, Muhammad Saleem Jilani1, Tanveer Ahmad2, Sohail Kamaran3, Abdul Manan2, Tehseen Ali Jilani2 and Mateen Sajid2
...ion of four scion cultivars viz. Delhi White, Suffen, Karela and Mahmud Wali during March-April 2013-14. After the establishment of plant, data were recorded for yield and fruit quality traits during three consecutive years (2016-19). Results showed that Dehli White grafted plants produced maximum yield kg/plant (60.33, 71.43, 78.00 ) followed by Mehmud Wali, Karela and Suffen scion grafts. Suffen grafted plants produced bet...
Tasneem Shah*, Muhammad Tariq and Dost Muhammad
...soil samples from a 4 years long field experiment were collected to assess the effect of added biochar (0, 50, 90 and 130 t ha-1) and chemical fertilizers (viz., urea for N, single superphosphate for P and potassium chloride for K) on soil respiration and N mineralization during lab incubation experiment under wheat-mungbean and wheat-maize cropping systems. The rate of CO2 evolution increased significa...
Shakeel Ahmed Soomro1,2, Sikandar Almani3, Lal Bux4, Khalil Ahmed Ibupoto2, Muhammad Sohail Memon2, Farman Ali Chandio2, Shakeel Hussain Chattha2, Zaheer Ahmed Khan2, Zubair Ahmed Soomro5,Babar Mustafa Ansari6 and Kunjie Chen1*
...g the effects of indicators i.e. temperature (40.86, 45, 55, 65 and 69.14 ºC) and time (4.11, 30, 92.5, 155 and 180 min) each with five levels on observed parameters. The suitability of quadratic model for present study was described by the responses having acceptable R2 and Adj. R2 values, non-significance of lack of fit which compares residual to pure error and significance of analysis of varianc...
Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1*, Nadia Mangrio1, Aijaz Ahmed Soomro1, Zia-ul-Hassan Shah2, Ghulam Sughra Mangrio3, Nihaluddin Mari4, Zulfiqar Ali Abbasi1 and Shazia Parveen Tunio5
...se of inorganic fertilizers in Pakistan is imbalanced and inappropriate. It is very important to use proper doses of balanced fertilizers to exploit the maximum yield potential of cane crop. This study focused on hypothesis that application of suitable planting methods and NPK level play a major role in improving sugarcane yield and quality. Experiment was performed under field conditions at Sugarcane Research Institute, Tan...
Md. Sabbir Ahamed1, Md. Rayhan Chowdhury1, Md. Atik Mas-ud1, Sujat Ahmed2, Md. Shahadat Hossain1 and Mohammad Nurul Matin1*
... of 13 local rice cultivars grown in Bangladesh were estimated. Results indicated that most traits including, plant height (PH), panicle length (PaL), leaf length (LL), leaf breath (LB), 100-grain weight (100-GW) as well as filled and unfilled grain per panicle (FGPa, UFGPa), and primary branch (PB) obtained significant variation in case of treatment. The genotypic variance (
Yongyun Zhang1, 2, Xinyang Fan1, Fangting Zhou1, Weizhen Li3, Yina Ouyang1,4 and Yongwang Miao1*
... have not been fully understood in buffalo. In this study, the polymorphisms in coding sequence (CDS) of the CSN1S1 gene for river and swamp buffalo were detected using PCR product direct sequencing. The CDS for both types of buffalo was the same in length, which contained 645 nucleotides and encoded a peptide composing of 214 residues. A total of 5 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was identified in two types of buffalo. Among them, c.516T>C an...
Hazrat Ali1, 2* and Ezzat Khan1*
...alth risk to fish consumers including humans. The aim of present research work was to study the bioaccumulation of Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb in the carnivorous fish Mastacembelus armatus at different sites of three rivers in Malakand Division, Pakistan. The study also investigated tissue-specific accumulation of these metals in M. armatus at one site of River Panjkora. Concentrations of Cr, Ni, Cd and Pb in the fish mu...
Muhammad Ilyas Khan*, Ihsan Mabood Qazi and Mohammad Ayub
...ed into two phases, in first phase rice flour of selected local varieties were investigated for physicochemical, amylose, functional and pasting properties. Where, in second phase of the study flour of low and high amylose rice varieties were blended in various ratios (100:00, 80:20, 60:40, 40:60, 20:80 and 00:100) and were studied again for functional and pasting profile. Results indicated that colour, moisture, water solubility index (WSI), water absorption ...
Chen Tongde1, Fakher Abbas1, Jiao Juying1, Shahzada Sohail Ijaz2*, An Shoshan1, Muhammad Ansar3, Qaiser Hussain2, Mah-Noor Azad2 andAyaz Ahmad2
...Pakistan and for the understanding of the ecological environment status in Pan-Third Pole. The Pothohar Plateau was selected as the representative area of soil erosion in the country. Along the route of Muree-Islamabad-Rawalpindi-Gujar Khan-Chakwal, 15 investigation units (12 small watersheds and 3 rectangular areas) were selected to investigate the types and characteristics of soil erosion, land use types and soil and water...
Haseeb Khattak1, Imran Ahmad1, Abdul Basit1*, Izhar Ullah1,2, Syed Tanveer Shah1, Humaira Wasila3, Inayat Ullah4, Intizar Ahmad1 and Noman Ahmad1
...ine-height: normal;">Diverse genotypes of cucumber under different cropping patterns may signify to examine the potential of best and desired selection for quality crop. The study was carried out to evaluate cucumber genotypes (IT-145, Damaz, Yayla, Eva, Chinese Slanger, Poinsett-76, SCM-01 and SCM-03) under various gardening patterns (Horizontal and Vertical) at Vegetable Directorate, HRI, NARC, Islamabad-Pakistan. It was observed that growth and yield parame...
Umair Riaz1*, Shazia Iqbal2, Muhammad Irfan Sohail2, Tayyaba Samreen2, Muhammad Ashraf1, Fatima Akmal2, Ayesha Siddiqui3, Ijaz Ahmad4, Muhammad Naveed5, Naveed Iqbal Khan5 and Rao Masood Akhter6
...e of socio-economic factors influence economic values of medicinal plants both locally and at international level. The world trade in botanicals is US $ 32.702 billion and Asian botanical trade is for US $ 14.505 billion with 6.634 million tones and accounts for 44.35 per cent and 53.13 per cent of world trade in terms of value and volume, respectively. Following the leading role of China with 1.48% share in MAPs exports, India is second largest exporter of MA...
Roland Eric Yessinou1*, Alain Richi Kamga Waladjo2, Nestor Noudeke1, Ignace Dramou3, Justin Adinsi1, Victorien Tamègnon Dougnon4, Elsie Yélognisê Sangnidjo5, Razack Osse5, Alfred Dansou6 and Souaïbou Farougou1
...aprop command in STATA version 15 and MetaXL software. A total of 18.111 individual samples from 11 countries, described in 34 articles were studied. Analysis of twenty-six studies indicated that the pooled prevalence was 19.0% [95% CI (15.0-23.0 %), I2 = 97.93%]. There was a high level of heterogeneity between studies; however, the high prevalence of LASVwas noted in several countries as Nigeria (12-42%), followed by Sierra Leone (8-43%), and Gu...
Saad A. Moussa1, Mohammed Ahmed Mahmoud Abdullah2*, Mahmoud Saied1, Mustafa Saleh1, Mohamed A. Soliman2 and Ali Mahmoud Zanaty2
...rdized NDV specific primers and finally eight viruses were selected for further sequencing for the partial fusion protein, The eight NDVs isolates of velogenic genotype VII and contain the unique cleavage site motif 112RRQKRF117 with high relation to very virulent NDV Chinese strain Chicken /China/SDWF07/2011 strain with nucleotide identity percentage (99.3% -100%). The main causative agent of recent ND outbreaks in vaccinated broiler flocks in Menofia governo...
Ryan Septa Kurnia1* and Radiana Dhewayani Antarianto2
...ure produced by researchers to improve better mimic tissue physiology of better in vitro cell culture model. It is may enable microbiologists to create infection models that combine respiratory tissue culture engineering with the virus-relevant complexity of in vivo models. Mechanism of infection disease have shown that the normal microbiota in host health has remarkably improved our understanding of the intera...
Sohail Akbar1*, Muhammad Shafiq2, Muhammad Yaqoob2, Muhammad Farooq Iqbal2, Kashif Ishaq2, Muhammad Kamran2, Shazia Shamas3, Arbab Sikander4 and Muhammad Hashim5
...tress. In managemental perspective, cooling systems (Fans and mist) along with shades and grazing at night are involved in environmental modification. Due to heat stress, intake of dry matter decreases but requirement of energy increases along with the bypass protein. So there is need of nutrition based management of animals in proper way.
...
Caner Öztürk1*, Mücahid Onay1 and Neşe Hayat Aksoy2
...erino rams (2–3 years old) were used for semen collection, and the ejaculates were pooled and divided into five equal aliquots. The samples were diluted with a solution having different additives at 37 °C. The first two groups contained L-Cystine as an additive (2 and 4 mM), the next two groups had methionine as an additive (2 and 4 mM), and the last group had no additives (control). After dilution, the semen sampl...
Asma Chaudhary1, Qurat-ul-Ain Ahmad1, Afia Muhammad Akram1, Sadia Roshan2 and Javed Iqbal Qazi3*
...ies have caused researchers to explore alternate strategies, such as probiotics employment for disease control in aquaculture.
...
Aylin Celile Oluk1*, Ugur Serbester2, Murat Reis Akkaya3 and Oya Berkay Karaca4
...ze: small;">Various factors such as species, breeds, lactation stage and location affect milk composition. We evaluated the composition of Kilis goat milk in two different seasons on the basis of alcohols, ketones, aldehydes, esters, indoles, carboxylic acids, aromatic hydrocarbons and terpenes. Milk samples were collected at the early and late lactation periods from Hatay and Kilis, Turkey. During both periods, the goats co...
A.E.S. Patrick1,*, S. Kuganathan2 and U. Edirisinghe3
...nt value ‘b’ from LWR and statistical comparison from the ideal value (b=3) were used to find the growth patterns. Most of the local species showed isometric growth except Amblypharyngodon melettinus, Puntius sarana and Heteropneustes fossilis. Only Channa striata (b= 2.996, p=0.396) and females of Puntius dorsalis (b= 3.076, p=0.234) appeared in the ...
BamideleAkinsanya1, Isaac O Ayanda2,*, Benson Onwusa1 and Joseph K Saliu1
...ene) and five PAH congeners-Acenaphthylene, Phenanthrene, benz(a)anthracene, benzo(a)pyrene and 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene were not detected in the parasite. Total BTEX and PAH concentrations in the parasite was 47.45±7.68 and 135.12±2.547, respectively. There are ecotoxic concerns in the surroundings of the lagoon and human activities that aid it should be checked.
...
Ibrar Muhammad Khan1, Dezhi Xu1, Zubing Cao1, Hongyu Liu1, Adnan Khan2, Sajid Ur Rahman3, Jam Zaheer Ahmed4, Muhammad Akmal Raheem5 and Yunhai Zhang1*
...ed semen quality parameters. The ejaculates were collected from two crossbred groups (Sahiwal × Holstein-Friesian), and (Achai × Jersey) and, split into seven aliquots while extended with three different concentration (5, 7.5 and10 mmol) of L-cysteine diluents and followed by other three concentrations (1.2, 2.4 and 4.8 mmol) of vitamin E diluents and, the last aliquot of semen was extended with con...
Ahsan Numan1,4, Abdul Basit Qureshi2, Fehmeda Farrukh Khan3,Faisal Masud3,Ijaz Ahmad4, Kamran Ashraf5, Nisar Ahmad5, Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf 4, Imtiaz Rabbani4, Hafsa Zaneb6 and Habib Rehman4*
...ith DSP having <10 years of duration of DMT2, called short duration, while DSP patients of Group-II (n= 49) had duration of DMT2 for ≥10 years, thereafter called long duration. The patients in both groups were compared with their corresponding duration of DMT2-matched individuals without clinical DSP. Latency, conduction velocity and amplitude of four sensory nerves (median, ulnar, peroneal and sural) and four motor ne...
Amjad Ali1*, Pirzada Jamal Ahmad Siddiqui1, Naveed Ahmad2,Shabir Ali Amir3, Rafaqat Masroor3,Seema Shafique1 and Zaib-un-Nisa Burhan1
... recreation and fish diversity. Present study aimed to record the distribution and diversity of fishes from different coral habitats along the coast of Pakistan. Additionally, potential threats and conservation strategies were also discussed. SCUBA diving was conducted at 10 different dive sites along the coastline. Relative abundance of the fishes was determined using visual techniques. Sea water physiochemical paramete
Muhammad Moosa Abro1*, Nadir Ali Birmani2 and Muhammad Bachal Bhutto3
...bgenus is recorded for first time in Mastacembelus armatus and Oreochromis niloticus from the lower Indus river in Sindh province of Pakistan.
...
Simeen Mansoor, Jabeen Farheen* and Meher Hassan
...) before 50 °C (2 hours), after 24 hours seedling length, proteome profile by 1-D, and catalase (CAT), ascorbate (APX), and guaiacol peroxidase (GPX) activities were assessed. Study outcomes revealed that the combination of phytohormones and 40 °C before 50 °C exhibited improved growth and increased activity of APX, CAT, and GPX as to control and lethal-temperature treatments. The total soluble protein profi...
Joseph Anejo-Okopi1*, Jennifer Ifeoma Okpara1, James Mogoret Dabol1, Joshua Adetunji1, David Adeniyi2, David O. Amanyi3, Otobo I. Ujah4, Veronica David1, Patience Omaiye5 and Onyemocho Audu6
...ment center, at Jos University Teaching Hospital), Jos Metropolis from September to December 2018. The anti-HDV antibodies (IgM) were assayed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay HDV IgM ELISA Kit (MyBiosource, Inc, USA). The result was interpreted according to manufacturer’s instructions. Ninety HBsAg positive patient were included (45 HBV/HIV, and 45 HBV-mono infected patients), 36 (40.0%) males, and 54 (60.0%) we...
Titin Herawati1,*, Indra Adiwiguna1, Ayi Yustiati1, Iis Rostini1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Hafizan Juahir3 and Asep Sahidin1
...search is to map the diversity of fish in Cimanuk River, specifically upstream and downstream Jatigede Reservoir. Field observation method and census sampling technique were applied. Research commenced from November 2017 to January 2018. Parameters measured are diversity index, dominance index, equitability index, and water quality. Data analysis employed comparative-descriptive method by ...
Uwem E. George1, Oluwadamilola A. Arowolo2, Oluseyi A. Olayinka3, Ijeoma M. Ifeorah4, Temitope O.C. Faleye3,5, Bolaji Oluremi6, Arthur O. Oragwa7, Ewean C. Omoruyi8, Emmanuel E. Udoh9, Oluwadamilola G. Osasona1,10, Emmanuel Donbraye11, Olufunke P. Adeniji12, Olubusuyi M. Adewumi3,13* and Johnson A. Adeniji3,13,14
...d cfxA6_1). Eight (aph(3’)-III_1, cfxA3_1, cfxA6_1, erm(B)_10, tet(Q)_1, tet(Q)_2, tet(Q)_4, tet(W)_5) of the ARGs detected were predicted to be plasmid-borne. We report using a cultivation-independent approach the presence of ARGs in Nigerian Chimpanzees. Findings suggest Nigerian Chimpanzees may constitute a hitherto overlooked source of antibiotic resistance in the environment. These ARGs may have been exchanged with handlers<...
Anwar Ali1,5*, Horia Shaukat2, Munir Ahmed3,5, Ahmed Bostani4 and Syed Ashiq Hussain3
...But it may also have adverse effects on some meat quality characteristics like holding capacity of water and other one is color. To get the desirable effects from electrical stimulation, it should adequately along with other methods. In spite of a wide exploration and study on electrical stimulation, the fact that it has been explored and investigated thoroughly in a number of countries around the world. It is currently applied properly on commercial scale in ...
Faheem Aslam1,*, Aneel Salman2, Inayatullah Jan3 and Sarah Siddiq Aneel4
...sults show that Pakistan’s National Water Policy, 2017 is more comprehensive as compared to India’s National Water Policy, 2012. India’s water policy distinctively prioritizes industrial growth at the cost of its agriculture sector; and while it mentions inter-regional and inter-state disputes in sharing of water as detrimental, the issue is not tackled at length in the d...
Shehzadi Saima1, Maqsoda Perveen2, Muhammad Nawaz1, Khalid M. Ahmad1,* and Haider Sultan1
...enhanced most of parameters i.e. length of stalk, fresh weight of stalk, dry weight of stalk, number of florets per plant, diameter of stalk, fresh and dry weight of leaves, number of leaves significantly at P<0.01 more than side dressing. Although side dressing of potassium also increased the plant growth to some extent more than control, however, number of cormels per plant was decreased. Therefore, it can be concluded that application of potassium...
Dara Jaff1,2* and Michael C. Jarvis2
...notypes selected by farmers or breeders for dry climates need to cope with wide variation in rainfall from year to year. Vigorous vegetative growth is needed for yield when drought terminates growth early, but this character can lead to lodging in years with above average rainfall. Barley cultivars and landraces bred adapted to these conditions have thin...
Chaogang Yao, Daxin Pang, Chao Lu, Aishi Xu, Peixuan Huang, Hongsheng Ouyang* and Hao Yu*
...of meat quality for raisers and consumers in modern society. The objective of this work was to investigate the roles of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) and fatty acid metabolism signaling pathways in determining the IMF contentin the longissimus dorsi (LD) muscle of pigs. The expression profile of candidate genes involved in the PPAR and fatty acid metabolism signalin...
Saima Siddiqui1, Ghulam Hussain Abro1, Tajwar Sultana Syed 1, Abdul Sattar Buriro2, Sohail Ahmad3, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed4 and Muhammad Asam Riaz4*
...e physio-morphic characters (density and length of trichome on lamina, midrib and vein, gossypol glands on midrib and lamina) of above mentioned cotton varieties were correlated with the incidence of sucking pest. Result revealed that cotton varieties had significantly different physio- morphic characters. There was a negative and significant correlation of TDM (Trichome density on midrib), (r-value = -0.615) and TDV (Tricho...
Basharat Ahmed1, Muhammad Hamza Azhar2, Farah R. Shakoori1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1,3,*
Canan Vejselova Sezer*
...are lung and breast cancers among males and females, respectively. A variety of drugs are in use for cancer treatment but their recruiting properties are limited because of the developing resistance and/or finiteness of bioavailability. Current research is aimed at synthesis of a new effective agent of a different type, silymarin-loaded solid lipid nanoparticles and investigation of its effectiveness on treatment of lung and breast cance<...
Muhammad Farhan Qadir1, Xin-Yu Han1, Meng-li Qiao1, Ying Wang1, Ding Zhang1, Yu-hai Bi1,2, Ali Raza Jahejo1,Qian-qian Cheng1 and Wen-xia Tian1,*
...nt-size: small;">Chicken’s erythrocytes are most abundant cells circulating in the body which participate in inflammation and immune responses. However, expression levels of prostaglandins-related genes in H9N2 infected chicken’s erythrocytes have not been studied yet. So, the present study was designed to investigate the PG-related genes in erythrocytes of H9N2 infected chickens. In current study, qRT-PCR and We...
Rukhsar Ali* and Ali Muhammad
...lic compounds, total sugars, antioxidant activity, Vitamin C content) and sensory evaluation as color, taste, and overall acceptability stored at ambient conditions (25±2⁰C) for six months with twenty days interval. Based on sensory analysis, the best suitable blend was selected within different ratios of mango pulp and loquat pulp. The blended pulp with ratio (60:40) got the highest mean score of judges for overall acceptability which used for furthe...
Aysha Riaz* and Said Wahab
...nts namely proteins, fibers and minerals. Keeping in view the nutritional importance of moringa leaves powder, the present study was carried out to investigate the effect of moringa leaves enrichment on the overall quality of whole wheat flour biscuits. Composite flours were made by incorporating moringa leaves powder in different ratios (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10%) in whole wheat flour. Biscuits were prepared from the composite flo...
Naveed Ali1, Umar Hayat1*, Shahid Ali1, Muhammad Imad Khan1 and Sanam Wagma Khattak2
...roductivity in the world’s economy, it is imperative to analyze the sources of agriculture productivity of the SAARC countries. This endeavor examines the impact of financial development on agricultural productivity in case of SAARC countries for the period of 1996 to 2019. Moreover, this study introduces trade openness, human capital, and income as important control variables of agriculture value-added. To serve this purpose, this study utilizes CS-ARDL...
Muhammad Farooq1*, Allah Rakha2,Jawad Ul Hassan2, Iftikhar Ahmed Solangi1, A. Shakoor3, Muhammad Bakhtiar4, Muhammad Noman Khan5,Shoaib Khan5, Ibrar Ahmad6, Shabir Ahmed7 andWang Yunyang1*
...increase resistance of person against many diseases. Keeping in perspective the position of dietary and medicinal values of mushroom in this research mushroom powder was added into muffins to improve nutritious and dietetic status of muffin. To achieve desired objective mushroom powder was mixed with wheat flour to improve sensory attributes of muffins. The proximate analysis of mushroom based powder and wheat flour was also...
Iftikhar Alam1, Atta Ulllah Jan1, Muhammad Ali2 and Muhammad Farooq3*
... tough both for researchers and health policy makers. Defining research priorities is important for proper planning in nutrition. The objective of the present study was to identify most important nutrition research areas of the highest priority in order to be more focused on decision making issues concerning nutrition research promotion. This study was descriptive in nature and utilized a three-round Delphi technique to iden...
Oluseyi A. Olayinka1, Temitope O.C. Faleye2, Oladipo O. Omotosho3, Oladapo A. Odukaye3, Bolaji Oluremi4, Ibipeju H. Ibitoye1, Oludayo O. Ope-Ewe1, Uwem E. George5, Oluwadamilola A. Arowolo6, Ijeoma M. Ifeorah7, Ewean C. Omoruyi8, Emmanuel Donbraye9, Olufunke P. Adeniji10, Olubusuyi M. Adewumi1,11* and Johnson A. Adeniji1,11,12
...to educate the stakeholders on the importance of good antibiotics stewardship....
Atilla Yıldız
...e. Therefore, this study’s aim is to evaluate the extent to which the scores specific to the changes in physical properties of cervical mucus predict the probability of conception at insemination time. Cervical mucus in 36 clinically healthy Holstein cows was evaluated scoring system based on the five variables (colour, viscosity, spinnbarkeit, ferning and pH) describing appearance and characteristics of cervical mucus collected. Each parameter was grade...
Saira Batool1, Safdar Ali Shirazi1 and Syed Amer Mahmood2*
...h GIS in the Chakwal watershed-Potwar- Pakistan. It is observed that 70.06% of the Chakwal watershed lies in the tolerable (low erosion), 16.51% in the intermediate range and 13.44% in highly eroded zones of the total Chakwal watershed area. Chakwal watershed is a rainfed and semi-arid with a drainage contributing area of 6524 km2. The RUSLE f...
Arshad Bhat1*, Masudul H. Wani1, Shabir A. Wani2, Abid Qadir3, Iqra Qureshi4 and Abid Sultan2
...e of choices to the growers, but the recognition of standard and sub-standard pesticides has made the growers very much perturbed and they lack confidence to rely on these pesticide outlets. By using such pesticides, the growers are being looted which in turn resulted in heavy cost involvement both visible and invisible. In this backdrop, present study attempts to highlight involvement of ...
Tanay Dineshkumar Shah
... the majority of youngsters i.e., Generation Z as the eating habits of present youngsters will define the mushroom market in the future. However, to know the perspective of millennials as well as baby boomers, people from those age groups were also included in the survey. There were 213 responses on the questionnaire which contained 14 questions. ...
Uzma Ayaz1,* and Muhammad Fareed Khan2
...f stem (mm), 1000-achene’s weight (g), fresh achene’s weight (g), dry achene’s weight (g) and achene’s yield (kg/ha). This experimental study depicts dependence and linkage of some agronomic factors with other inter-linked traits i.e flowering days, maturing days, width of stem, head diameter, c...
Monoar Pallab*, Moktadir Reza and Debashish Sarker
...Jamunapari doe of two years age was presented at SAQ Teaching Veterinary Hospital, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Bangladesh with a history of teat injury due to barbed wire while grazing. A deep longitudinal infected teat laceration was noticed. Milk was still coming through fibrosed teat cannel. The lacerated part was sutured after scarification under sedation and regional anesthesia. A small portion...
Mustasim Famous1*, Asim Chakrabartty Aditya2, Shahabuddin Ahmed3 and Sabuj Sutradhar2
...ly. The average age at first fertile service for L×F, L×SL and L×S crossbreds’ cattle were 24.2, 27.0 and 31.0 months, respectively. The highest gestation length was 285 days and it was for L×S crossbred cattle. The lowest gestation length was 273 days and it was for L×F crossbred cattle. The highest lactation length was observed in case of L×F crossbred (300 days) and lowest was fou...
Md. Ariful Islam, Md. Badol Ashraf and Md. Mahmudul Alam*
...erent environmental factors and seasons influenced the prevalence of surgical affections. Heavy rainfall and high humidity have made this region a vulnerable place for the prevalence of surgical affections in calves. This study has correlated between different variables and the prevalence of surgical affections in Mymensingh district. Variables like sex, breed and season have found to be influenced the abundance of surgical diseases in the study area. The outc...
Safdar Hussain1, Muhammad Naeem Mushtaq5, Ali Bakhsh3, Muhammad Mudassar Maqbool1, Muhammad Sarwar1, Muhammad Jan4*, Muhammad Abdul Qayyum2 and Arif Husain2
... of plant growth regulators and plant extracts. Wheat genotypes (Triple dwarf-1, Aas-2011; Faisalabad- 2008) were exposed to critical drought stage. The plants were exposed to normal irrigation, application of bio stimulants like 2µM ABA, 10 mM SA, 15% MLE and 10% MBLE were applied at grain filling stage but skipping irrigation. Maximum growth related parameters were observed by applying full irrigation. Comparing the ...
M. Javed Iqbal1, Rizwan Shukat1, Muhammad Farooq2*, Iftikhar Ahmed Solangi2, Naila Ilyas3, Rahman Ullah4, A. Shakoor5, Muhammad Bakhtiar6 and Faraz Ahmed7
... the drying time of 5 hours for foamed onion paste at 65°C and 75°C. Foamed onion pastes were dried in 300, 240 and 300 min at 55°C, 65°C and 75°C temperature respectively, with 12 % concentration of soy protein as foaming agent while un-foamed pastes were dried in 600, 420 and 480 mints at 55°C, 65°C and 75°C temperature respectively. Soy protein 12% and 65°C drying temperature was found best for drying of onion paste to de...
Ijaz Ahmad* and Bakhtiar Gul
...the wheat growth parameters were significantly affected by the weeds competition in both the studied years. The maximum wheat plant height (38.1 and 39.4) was recorded in wheat, having no weeds competition during the year 2018 and 2019 respectively. Whereas, the minimum plant height (cm) 30.4 and 31.9 was recorded in wheat infested with Avena fatua and Silybum marianum. Due to the large leaf canopy of S. marianum, it is not ...
Naveed Wahid Awan1, Asif Ali Abro2* and Ahmed Raza ul Mustafa3
...and revenue, and indicators of environmental and agricultural accessories were obtained from statistical year books at the national and provincial level, Metrological Department of Pakistan from 1993 to 2019. Panel data approach is applied to analyze the data for each province of Pakistan. The results are presented through rank and regression analysis. The rank analysis was done based on crop production, the area cultivated, yield, use of fertilizer, number of...
Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar1, Waqas Wakil2, Shahbaz Talib Sahi3, Waqas Raza1* and Mahmood Ahmad Randhawa4
...ttle-98) chickpea cultivars increased after induction and stress of A. rabiei and comparatively higher than induced unstressed plants. The increase was more evident in case of Bion treatment as compared to all other treatments with SA and KOH. Similar trend was shown by plant extracts where in neem extract induced higher amino acid contents. The cultivar C-44 responds efficiently as compared with other two cultivars. The res...
Ali Zaman1, Nabila Roohi1 and Muhammad Irfan2*
...has established bacteria’s pathogenesis, but still, the literature about the role of bacteria and its immunogens on the demonstration of clinical signs, hematology and serum biochemistry in Nili Ravi buffaloes under subtropics is lacking. This study was designed to fulfill this gap by analyzing the effects of exposure to the bacterial culture of Pasturella multocida (P. multocida) type B:2 and its immunogens, i.e., lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and outer memb...
Salma Javed and Samreen Khan*
...al Research Centre, University of Karachi and further processed by Cobb’s sieving and Baermann’s funnel techniques. Specimens were killed, fixed and identified up to species level under light microscope. Afterward, hundred fresh handpicked nematodes were inoculated on both fully grown fungal species at 25ºC. The nematode attraction and mass culture were appeared on Fusariu...
Aurang Zeb1, Abdur Rab1, Shujaat Ali1,2*, Ijaz Hussain2, Shah Masaud Khan2, Israr Ahmad1, Bilal Pervaiz Khan1, Shakila Umer3 and Muhammad Abbas1
...ns i.e. location-1 (Torwarsak, Buner), location-2 (Rabat, Lower Dir), location-3 (Wartair, Malakand) and location-4 (Palai, Malakand), which were stored in three replications at room condition for 48 days and Complete Randomized Design was used during the post-harvest experiment. Data were recorded on fruit juice pH %, titratable acidity, percent juice content, Rind thickness, Rind weight loss, at 12 days intervals. The fruit juice pH showed an increasing tren...
Aamer Sattar1, Sadia Sultana1*, Abid Niaz1, Muhammad Aftab1, Ghulam Sarwar2, Irfan Rasheed3, Muhammad Shoaib4, Raheela Naz1, Amina Kalsom1, Nisa Mukhtar1, Farah Rasheed1, Arfan ul Haq1, Munazza Rafique5, Muhammad Arif1, Sarfraz Hussain1 and Jafar Salim6
...reshing and iii. Residue’s (R) incorporation practice by rotavating the crop biomass into the soil. The selected field was sufficient in exchangeable K and available P but was deficient in organic matter contents. The results showed that in first year the wheat yield was maximum in T4 (5.04 t ha-1) in complete removal plot followed by residues incorporated (4.43 t ha-1) and burnt plots (3.72 t ha-1) respectively. It wa...
Khaliq Dad1, Muhammad Nawaz2*, Rumsha Hassan2, Kainat Javed2, Asma Shaheen2, Fengliang Zhao3, Muhammad Imran4, Syed Tansir Hussain Shah4, Muhammad Faraz Anwar5 and Muhammad Aurangzaib6
...nd physiological parameters of plant were studied and prominent results were observed. The results showed that biochar has significant progressive effects on the growth and physiology of tomato by limiting the uptake of Cd by plants. As the concentration of Cd increased to high i.e. 15 mg/kg of soil, the limiting capacity of biochar was also seen less effective....
Arshad Mehmood Khattak1, Saleem Ullah1*, Farida Anjum2, Hamid U. Shah1 and Sahib Alam1
...ifferent Chickpea cultivars KK-1, KK-2, KK-3, Chattan, Lawaghir, Sheenghar, Fakhar-e-Thal, were obtained from Karak Research Station Ahmad Wala and evaluated for proximate composition and mineral contents. The data related to proximate composition and mineral profile showed significant difference (P<0.05) by comparing cultivars and edible parts. Proximate composition (%) of the cultivars
Muhammad Musa1*, Muhammad Riaz Gondal2, Aaqib Riaz3, Sikander Hayat2 and Iftikhar Haider1
..."text-align: justify;">Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L) provides nutritious and palatable fodder in repeated cuttings during winter and early summer. However, its seed yield per unit area in Pakistan is relatively low as compared to other countries. The present study was aimed to evaluate the influence of climate on fodder production, seed vigour, seed yield and total income ha-1 of three berseem varieties and to enhance t...
Raza Ullah Khan1*, Ahmad Khan1, Mohammad Zameer Khan1, Fayyaz Hussain1, Zafar Islam2 and Muhammad Asad Hameed2
...ds at different wavenumbers while elemental analysis show existence of different macro and micro nutrients which can be used to supplement the plant needs for nutrients by incorporation of humic substances along with commercial inorganic fertilizers. Though findings in this study showed KOH as cost effective extractant vis a vis NaOH. However, further characterization could not confirm it. The presence of hydrophobic and hyd...
Syed Mazuan, Syed Mohamed, Insyirah Ishak, Dzolkhifli Omar and Norhayu Asib*
...ctivity of 2.58 hectares’ land size (approximately 350 oil palms) per man day. The study was to evaluate the efficacy of chlorantraniliprole (Altacor® 34.9WG), Bacillus thuringiensis kurstaki (DiPel® ES), cypermethrin (Hextar Cyper 5.5EC), flubendiamide (Takumi® 20WG) and B. thuringiensis MPOB Bt-1 (Ecobac-1 EC). The insecticides application rate was based on the manufacturer&rs
Muhammad Arslan Ibrahim1*, Aneeqa Aleem2, Farkhanda Manzoor2, Shahbaz Ahmad1, Hafiz Muhammad Zahid Anwar1, Talia Aroob2 and Mansoor Ahmad3
...igate the mortality factors in a lab-based experiment on the life table study of fall armyworm. A sub-lethal dose of 4µl of entomopathogenic NPV suspension containing 4×106 polyhedral inclusion bodies (PIB) was tested as a mortality factor against the late larval instars of S. frugiperda when natural mortality tends to decrease after each successive instar. The single-sex method was adopted in the construction of...
Tai-hua Jin1, An-gang Lou2,Jiu-xiu Ji1, Cheng-dou Cui2, Long-zheng Yu2 andLi-zeng Guan1*
...that miR-1468 targeted 3’UTR of cAMP responsive element binding protein 1 (CREB1). miR-1468 mimics could significantly inhibit the CREB1 mRNA and protein level (P<0.01), whereas miR-1468 inhibitor could significantly increase the CREB1 mRNA and protein level (P<0.01). This study demonstrated that miR-1468 could regulate GH in pituitary cells by regulating the expression of CREB1 gene. The results of this st...
Mehwish Saleem1*, Maria Tahir1, Maryam Ilyas2 and Aqsa Malik2
...calcium level in patient’s blood. Blood samples were collected from cancer patients from MAYO hospital LHR during the time period April 2018 to May 2018. Some cancer patients have increased calcium level in blood. Cancer is more prevalent in males (n=17) 57% than females (n=13)43%. The most frequent cancer type among males is blood 41cancer (n=5) 36%, lung cancer (n=3) 22% and oral cancer (n=3)22%. In females breast cancer (n=5) 32% is most p...
Manzoor Hussain Memon1, Khalid Khan2, Anjum Parvez3, Sarfaraz Ahmed Shaikh4, Khan Mir Khan2, Guo Xiangyu5*, Mohammad Nasrullah6 and Saima Liaqat7
... of Pakistan both producers and consumers are unable to reap the benefits. Consumers and poultry farmers, the two extreme of value chain are in surplus loss because of no. of agents in the supply chain. Keeping in view the importance of poultry industry, the study has attempted to assess the economic viability of the poultry farme
Ch. Muhammad Rafiq1, Qasim Raza1*, Awais Riaz1, Misbah Hanif2, Wajiha Saeed2, Shawaiz Iqbal1, Tahir Hussain Awan1, Syed Sultan Ali1 and Muhammad Sabar1
...re than 50% of the world’s population, and water scarcity is threating its sustainable production. Dry seeded rice (DSR) technology has water and labour saving advantages over conventional transplanting culture, however, poor crop establishment due to reduced germination in variable field conditions greatly hampers its large-scale adaption. To address subordinate germination issues, we investigated the effects of five ...
Fazal Wahid1, Arif Ullah Shah1, Muhammad Rahim2*, Fazal Dad1, Nadir Khan1, Saqib Ullah1, Yasir Ali1 and Sayed Ashfaq Ali Shah3
...ples were found as: Plum’s farm soil Co < Cr< Ni < Pb < Fe, Peach’s farm soil as Co < Cr < Pb < Ni < Fe, Tomato’s farm soil as Co < Pb < Cr < Ni < Fe, soil of the ridge gourd farmas Co < Pb < Cr = Ni < Fe, soil of the lady fingers farm as Co < Pb < Ni < Cr < Fe while soil of the w...
Li Shengqing1,2,3, Zhang Xiyun2,3, Liu Shengcai2,3, Hu Guoyuan2, Fan Yuxia2,Liu Huaixin2, Wang Tingting2 and Zhang Yanming1*
...ateau pikas, plateau zokors, and Microtus fuscus are calculated through Horn’s method and the improved Karber method. The ability of the toxin to prevent and control rodent damage is assessed through plot experiments. The safety of type D botulinum toxin toward nontarget animals, such as yaks, Tibetan sheep, dogs, vultures, and birds, is also tested. Results show that the toxin is encoded by a type D botulinum n...
Alamaary Mohaammed Saad1,3, Abd Wahid Haron1*, Mohamed Ali2,
Mark Wen Han Hiew1 and Lawan Adamu1
...ity of frozen semen in horses. Seven stallion were used for semen collection in this study. A total of twenty ejaculates was collected from three healthy stallions twice a week for the experiments 1 and 2. All ejaculates were divided into two parts of ten ejaculates each, ten ejaculates for cysteine in experiment 1 and the other ten for ascorbic acid groups in experiment 2. Each ejaculate from an individual horse was divided...
Jing Yu1*, Jiangmei Mao1,2 and Dongliang Wang1,3
...mote sensing data to inverse PP and then to assess fishery resources in typical offshore fishery waters. The paper adopted the inversion analysis of the primary productivity (PP) in the Daya Bay, China applying the vertical generalized production model (VGPM) with ocean color and sea surface temperature (SST) provided by MODIS-Aqua. On the basis of modified VGPM model, fishery resources in...
Sara Sultan Alomran1, Muhammad Nasir Khan Khattak1,2, Amir Ali Khan1,2*, Sallam Hasan Abdallah2, Abeer Maher Fayyad1 and Khalid Bajou1,2
...ll lead to a greater understanding of obesity and subsequent treatment. In the current study, we assessed the effects of miR-22-3p, a non-coding RNA, on adipocyte differentiation from telomerase-transformed Mesenchymal Stromal Cells (iMSC3). The transfection of iMSC3 with miR-22-3p suppressed adipocyte differentiation as evident by reduction in lipid content and number of lipid droplets. While AKT3 is reported to be a target of miR-22-3p, our study indicated o...
Xinjian Wang1,2, Eryan Yang1,2 and Lizhi Zhou1,2*
...Foraging and rest behaviors showed highly significant differences among all the daily time intervals (P<0.01). During the winter, the foraging and vigilance behaviors declined first, and then increased, which is contrary to the rest behavior. When the water level was lower in mid January, the time budget for vigilance behavior reached the lowest, amounting to 5.19±0.88%. There we...
Ahmed Saud Alsaqufi1, Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman2,3*, Roshmon Thomas Mathew2, Yousef Ahmed Alkhamis1,2, Md. Moshiur Rahman3,4 and Muhammed Aslam Pathiri2
...e overall growth parameters (total length, standard length, caudal peduncle length, anal fin length, caudal fin length, total body depth, dorsal fin length, pre dorsal distance, pre anal distance, pre ventral distance, head width, head length, eye diameter, maxillary barbell length, inter orbital length, and specific growth rate) than all other treatments, while no significant variation wa...
Hesham Saeed1*, Manal Abdel-Fattah1, Ahmad Eldoksh1, Farid S. Ataya2 and Manal Shalaby3
...ted and cloned using reverse transcription-PCR. Sequence analysis of that gene showed a 564-bp encoding a protein of 187 amino acids with a predicted molecular weight of 21 kDa. Basic local alignment search tool (BLAST) sequence analysis revealed that C. dromedarius IFNα gene shares high sequence identity with IFNα genes of other species, including C. ferus, Vicugna pacos, and Homo sapiens. Expression of C. dromedariu...
Ali Ahmad1*, Zubair Aslam1, Korkmaz Bellitürk2, Naeem Iqbal3, Muhammad Idrees3, Muhammad Nawaz4, Muhammad Yasir Nawaz5, Muhammad Kashif Munir6, Ahmad Kamal1, Ehsan Ullah1, Muhammad Ahsan Jamil1, Yousuf Akram1, Tanveer Abbas1 and Muhammad Mohsin Aziz1
...ormed by expert researchers on vermicomposting. Vermicompost is a finely decomposed peat like material having good aeration, high drainage, good water holding capacity, microbial activity, superior in nutrient status and buffering capacity therefore having the amiable required physiochemical charms for fertility of soil and growth of plant. The worms increase the biological decomposition of organic substrates by maintaining the aerobic conditions of the organi...
Arsalan Rasheed1, Tahir Usman2,*, Sadaf Niaz1, Irfan Khattak2, Saira Gul2, Nawab Ali1,Naimat Ullah Khan2, Hazrat Ali2, and Mian Saeed Sarwar2
... large enveloped +RNA. First human corona viruses, causing respiratory diseases, were identified in 1960s, but they were not considered highly pathogenic to humans until severe respiratory syndrome broke out in China during 2003. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome, and novel Corona Virus Disease (nCOVID-19) or Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome-2 have increased the interest in this viral family. The Coronavirus-19 is a novel str...
Abdul Muhaimin Wahab1, Basit Zeshan2,*, Naveed Ahmed2, Muhammad Afzal2 and Muhammad Naveed2
...C. jejuni, risk factors associated with the occurrence, identification control and preventive measure to reduce the prevalence in broiler chicken farms in Kelantan state located at east coast region of peninsula Malaysia. Eighty cloacal swab samples were collected from 4 different broiler chicken farms in district Tumpat, Machang and Bachok. The samples were processed for identification of C. jejuni followed by PCR to detect the presence of C. je...
Muhammad Junaid*, Musharaf Ahmad and Saifullah
...at increase in amendment’s concentrations to 10% decreased the chance of plant survival to 68.06% while maximum (89.72%) number of plants survived for 1% amendments concentration. Significantly high number (87.22) of plants survived for green manure as compared to FYM with 78.47. C2 amended was found to be best with lowest (1.19) disease ratings. Significantly higher (i.e. 1.75 and 1.89) disease was observed for C1 and C3 amended soils. FYM was better as...
Hira Soofi, Abdul Rasool Abbasi and Arifa Bhutto
...ntial diagnostic characters such as body shape and size, shape of cephalic end and its structures, ventricular shape, spicule shape and size, numbers and arrangement of caudal papillae, posterior end with 3 rectal gland and large spine at tip, genital structure of female. The name of new species Contracaecum malhi refers to the name of host wallago attu from which the specimens of new spec...
Salma Javed, Samreen Khan*, Nasira Kazi and Tabassum Ara Khanum
... were recorded for the first time in Pakistan. The percentage occurrence of these genera was found as 50% each. These species were identified on the basis of morphological, as well as morphometric characters. In addition, brief description, measurement, line drawings, as well as photomicrographs for Pakistani population of these species are reported....
Zafar Ahmad Handoo1*, Mihail Radu Kantor1 and Ekramullah Khan2
...il around roots of Lycopersicum esculentum Miller, in Kangan, Tylencholaimellus brassicus sp. nov., from the roots of Brassica oleraceae var. capitata L. in Pulwama, Tylencholaimus orientalis sp. nov., from soil around roots of Glycine max (L.) Miller, in Handwara, Longidorus goldeni sp. nov., from soil around roots of Prunus persica in Sopore, Mylonchulus shamimi sp. nov., from soil around roots of Pyrus communis L. from So...
J.Y. Bai1,*, R.T.D. Wu2,*, Q. Zhang2, D. Bao2, L.M. Dao2 and X.H. Tian3
..., 17 microsatellite markers were used to analyze the genetic polymorphism, genetic differentiation, gene flow and genetic distance of Alashan desert Bactrian camel, Alashan Gobi Bactrian camel, Sunite Bactrian camel and Qinghai Bactrian camel.The results indicated that the number of effective alleles of the four Bactrian camel varieties ranged from 2.7302 to 3.0524, and average theoretical heterozygosity and average polymorphic information content were 0.6283 ...
Naimat Ullah Khan1*, Muhammad Hassan Saleem2, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Nisar Ahmad2, Muhammad Shafee3, Ayesha Hassan2, Mumtaz Ali Khan2 and Nadeem Rashid3
...age of 1, 1-2 and 2-3 years, respectively. While on sex basis, non-significant (P<0.05) 15.66 % and 13.91% prevalence was found in female and male animals, respectively. Chemotherapeutic trial of three allopathic (Paromomycin, Metronidazole and Azithromycin) drugs were used against five groups (groups A-E). Paromomycin, Metronidazole, Allium sativum and Azithromycin showed 91.77%, 78.20 %, 77% and 59.29 % reduction in oocysts per gram, respectively. ...
Hamed A. Ghramh1,2,3, Zubair Ahmed1,2,4 and Khalid Ali Khan1,2,3*
... India, while S. hammersteini Enderlein, 1908is recorded from Saudi Arabia. Affinities of the new taxa with related species have also been discussed. The genus Stantonia is also recorded for the first time from Saudi Arabia.
...
Saba Afzal1, Sohail Raza1,*, Masood Rabbani1, Sehrish Firyal2, Imran Altaf1 and Zahra Naeem1
...PPRV) in vitro. Firstly, cell cytotoxicity of ivermectin in the Vero cells was determined using MTT assay. The antiviral activity of ivermectin was determined using viral inhibition assays and median tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50). The results showed that 2.5 µM concentration of the ivermectin is non-toxic to the Vero cells. At this concentration, PPRV titre was significantly reduced (p < 0.001) by two log to 103...
Rida Haroon Durrani1*, Fareeha Akhtar1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh1, Munazzah Maqbool1, Aleena Kokab1, Kiran Imtiaz2 and Muhammad Ilyas Riaz3
...les to determine the diversity of bacteria. Staphylococcus aureus (42%), Enterococcus faecium (54%), Salmonella sp. (38%), Bacillus sp. (71%), and Moraxella sp. (63%)were isolated from the samples collected from two different managemental systems. Statistical analysis revealed that temperature and seasonal variations alongside storage conditions affect not only the shelf-life of fish meat but also ...
Khurram Goraya1,*, Qais ALRawahi1, Sultan ALBalushi1, Hani ALSaadi1, Sami ALRahbi1, Zahir ALAlawi1, Muhammad Hammad Hussain2 and Madad Hussain1
...e Reserve (WWR) is the first wildlife reserve in Oman. It was established in 1980 for reintroduction and breeding of the Arabian oryx (Oryx leucoryx) and recently other wildlife, which includes the Arabian gazelle (Gazelle gazelle cora) and Sand gazelle (Gazella subgutturosa marica). These antelopes are only kept in a few countries worldwide. Therefore, only limited information is available on their husbandry requirements and diseases occu...
Celalettin Gözüaçık1, Ecevit Eyduran2 and Mohammad Masood Tariq3*
...ter, number of egg clusters at the plant stem, and location as potential predictors. In the prediction of height of eggs, CHAID (Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detection) and MARS (Multivariate Adaptive Regression Splines) algorithms were implemented for describing egg laying behaviour of the alfalfa weevil and giving an idea on minimizing loss of the ...
Aiguo Zhou1,2, Di Sun1,2,Shulin Liu 1,2, Yongyong Feng1,2, Yue Zhang3,
Yanfeng Chen4, Shaolin Xie1,2* and Jixing Zou1,2*
...effective molecular markers in the study of identification for fish species, which has a fast evolutionary rate. And thus, in the present study, investigation of genetic comparison was performed based on the complete sequences of mtDNA control region for “Bicolor” and “White” types of northern snakehead (Channa argus) due to an uncertain classification of them. The results showed that the genetic distance for the inter-species ra...
Junyan Bai1,2, Ren Tao Di Wu2, Le Ma Dao2, Di Bao2, Qiang Zhang2 and Xing Hua Tian3
...e, At the age of 8-10 years, the fluff fineness of male and female camel has no obvious change trend with the increase of age. The best regression equation of male camel’s wool fineness to age is quadratic regression equation: Y=15.971+0.409X-0.008X2, the fitting degree is 0.983, the fitting effect is very good. The best regression equation of female camel’s wool fin...
Imran Ullah Khan*, Noor Ul Amin, Sayyed Hamad Ahmad Shah, Maqsood Khan, Shehzad Ahmad and Syed Aizaz Ali Shah
...erformed in Ornamental Nursery at the Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during 2016. The experiment was laid out on Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split plot arrangement and replicated three times. Seedlings of Zinnia cultivars (Dahlia, Candy Cane, and Dream land) were tested against five different levels of humic acid (0, 2.5, 5, 7.5, and 10 ...
Syed Muhammad Aun Naqvi1, Sara Tahir1, Tanveer Ahmed2*, Huma Naz3, Amara Gilani4, Atif Liaqat5
...pful for the fish consumers in selection the best weight category and animal feed formulators.
Novelty Statement | The present study inferences will be helpful in the selection of appropriately sized fish for human consumption. Further, fish visceral organs (not consumed by humans) can be used in the formulation of nutritionally balanced diets for fish, poultr...
Muhammad Yousif Jakhrai1, Ahmed Nawaz Tunio2, Ali Mujtaba Shah1*, Tarique Ahmed Khokhar1, Muhammad Mohsen Rahimoon1
...ained from published papers of last twenty years via research gateways such as; PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. Small ruminant anesthesia, local anesthesia in ruminants and high epidural analgesia in sheep and goats were key points for this review. However, these research papers were included in this study, were published between from 1999 to 2017. The bibliographies of these references...
Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Hamid Bashir2, Shah Najaf Mukhtar1, Muhammad Arshad1, Nimra Altaf1
...was done to assess mites’ biodiversity in different citrus orchards of Kinnow, Musambi, and Feutrell’s early at tehsil Sahiwal Sargodha, Sillanwali, and Bhalwal of district Sargodha. Sampling was done at fifteen days interval to record the population dynamics and identification of citrus mites during 2018. A total 37,963 mites specimens were collected in which nine species were...
Imrana Khushk1, Abdul Nabi Jatt2, Abdul Sattar Qureshi1*, Choudhary Haider Ali3, Muhammad Aqeel Bhutto1, Imran Ibrahim Khaskheli1, Sartar Iqbal Panhwer1
...ly (pretreatment inhibitors and cost of cellulase enzyme). In the present study, long term evolutionary adaptation was evaluated for ethanol and lactic acid production to overcome the pretreatment inhibitors issue. Saccharomyces cerevisiae Angel was used for the production of ethanol, while, Bacillus coagulans, Pediococcus sp. and Lactobacillus sp. were used for lactic production, respectively. All the microbial strains were...
Aioub Sofizadeh1, Ehsan Allah Kalteh2, Shahin Saeedi3, Mulood Mohammadi Bavani4*
...to study on the scorpion’s species in Golestan Province, Northeast Iran. Scorpions were captured during day and night using rock rolling and ultra violet methods from May to September, 2019. Then, the specimens were put into a 75% alcohol-containing plastic bottle. Finally, the specimens were identified using a valid identification key. Distribution maps were prepared using ArcGIS (Ver 10.4.). A total of 111 scorpion samples were captured. All the sample...
Jabeen Farheen1,2*, Simeen Mansoor1 and Maria Abid1
...cause mutation in humans’ proto-oncogenes which leads to carcinogenicity. The current findings aimed to evaluate the genotoxic impact of widely used azo FCAs on the cell cycle by using onion as a model plant. The study was designed in a complete randomized design where the grown onion roots were exposed to 0%, 0.001%, 0.01%, 0.1%, and 1% concentration of FCA for 120 hours for macroscopic and 36 h for microscopic evalua...
Attaullah Jan1*, Saleem Khan2, Iftikhar Alam1, Farzeen Khan3 and Muhammad Farooq4*
...n Council of District Charsadda KPK. The study included 235 school-going children of both sex aged 5-10 years. A Pre-tested questionnaire was used for collection of data for the parameters: socio-demographics, anthropometrics, and dietary intake. Data on anthropometrics included measurement of weight, height and BMI. Age and anthropometrics (weight, height and BMI) were used for z-score ca...
Shujaa Arshad1, Muhammad Umair1*, Rana Shahzad Noor1, Chaudhry Arslan2, Arslan Afzal1 and Zafar Islam3
...ol a small room. Parameters such as temperature and humidity were recorded for room and ambient environment. The results showed that prototype help to keep the room temperature up to 4 °C to 5 °C lower than the ambient temperature while using the only solar energy through PV panel. The use of solar energy with new technologies in Pakistan is not yet adopted on large scale. This research will promote the researcher and user to adopt such technologies as...
Fayaz Ahmad, Noorullah Khan, Farrukh Siyar Hamid, Abdul Waheed, M. Abbas Khan, Imtiaz Ahmad, Shamsul Islam, Basharat Hussain Shah, Sohail Aslam and Qamar uz Zaman
...s conducted at the tea nursery farm of PARC-National Tea and High Value Crops Research Institute, Shinkiari, Mansehra, Pakistan during the years 2014-16 to assess genetic variability, heritability and genetic advance as percent of mean for various growth attributing traits of fifteen early flushing tea (Camellia sinensis L) clones. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replication ...
Muhammad Adnan Islam1*, Zia-Ul-Haq2, Rana Shahzad Noor2, Matiullah Khan4, Muhammad Mohsin Ali1, Zulfiqar Ali3, Asif Ali Mirani3, Hafiz Sultan Mahmood1, Muzammil Husain1 and Badar Munir Khan Niazi1
... was evaluated at farmer’s fields. This drill places DAP fertilizer near the seed that is about 5 cm away and 5 cm deeper than the seed due to which phosphorus use efficiency has increased. Experiments conducted at farmer’s fields showed excellent results of fertilizer band placement drill even 50% DAP was saved with 10 % excess wheat yield. In previous study s results of the fertilizer band placement drill were ...
Saima Naz1*, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha2, Saba Saeed1
...Physico-chemical parameters of test medium were monitored regularly. The observed mean LC50 and lethal concentrations for Cirrhinus mrigala were 55.85 ± 2.84 and 128.44 ± 9.25 mg L-1, respectively. On the other hand, for Labeo rohita, mean values of LC50 and lethal concentrations were calculated as 56.42 ± 2.51 and 120.98 ± 7.18 mg L-1, respectively. Cirrhinus mrigala had lower LC50 but higher lethal dose. Two fish were different in...
Halil Erhan Eroglu
...tatement | This is the first report on karyotype asymmetry of Cervidae. Karyotypic relationships are useful to infer processes of evolution and speciation. Karyotype asymmetry is an important parameter that helps to establish phylogenetic relationships among various species.
...
Safia Bibi1, Saima Naz1*, Saba Saeed1, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha2
...s are the major stimulators for variety of diseases in aquatic organisms mainly fishes. Chromium (Cr), mercury (Hg), nickel (Ni) and cadmium (Cd) causes histopathological variations and several diseases in various fishes of Pakistan. Extensive histopathological variations in gills, liver, kidney and skin of different fishes were noticed when exposed to heavy metals, thus indicating severity of heavy metal toxicity. The current study was focused on the toxicolo...
Mohammed Akinlabi Rufai1*, Abideen Akinkunmi Wahab2, Kamil Ayo Fasasi1, Quadri Olusegun Adeshina1 and Mary Tolulope Awotidebe1
...ned from Osun state University farmland sites, Osogbo, Osun State while armyworm used in this study was obtained from the pot of a tomato plant in the botanical garden of Osun State University. Extraction of H. bacteriophora was done using decantation and centrifugation method of nematodes extraction. The five different concentrations of H. bacteriophora were made in distilled water (µg/l); one sample not treated with ...
Md. Alal Hossen1, Mohammad Amzad Hossain1*, A.K.M. Munzurul Hasan1,2, Bipresh Das1, Sohel Mian1, Mohammed Mahbub Iqbal1
...ter fertilization, the first cleavage stage of M. gulio occurred within 40 min. The distinctiveness of blastomeres was progressively dropped and morula, blastula, and gastrula stages were found at 3:40 h, 4:20 h and 5:00 h, respectively after fertilization. The larvae-initiated hatching at around 21:00 h after fertilization and total length of larvae were computed 1.11±0.01 mm while the temperature of water was 30±1°C. The present study revea...
Shapon Kumar Bashak1, Alok Kumar Paul1, Md. Akhtar Hossain1, Usman Atique2,3*, Sonia Iqbal3, Md. Najim Uddin1, Asrafi Mohammad Farhaduzzaman4, Md. Mojibar Rahman5, Md. Shahanul Islam6
...mical water quality factors varied significantly in different ponds. Similar was the case with the mean outcomes about the final body weight, net weight gain, specific growth rater (SGR), fish survival rate, and net yield. The final body weight varied significantly from 274.53 ± 1.93 in T3 to 349.40 ± 1.58 in T1, while the SGR difference was recorded from 0.45 ± 0.00 in T3 to 0.58 ± 0.01 in T1. However, the cuchia survival varied be...
Muhammad Furqan1*, Zulfiqar Ali1, Usman Ali2, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad3, Bushra Nisar Khan1, Waqar Ahmed1, Zakir Hussain1, Mian Amman Ullah1, Nimra Afzal1 and Anjum Ara2
...ch floral and faunal diversity. The Indian grey mongoose (Herpestes edwardsii Hilaire, 1818) is a small carnivore, controls the population of reptiles, ground birds, small mammals, insects, distributed in plain areas of Pakistan and southern AJ and K. The present study aimed to investigate conflict of Indian grey mongoose with human beings. Field surveys were conducted from April 2015-March 2016 in 18 localities of Mirpur, AJ and K. Human mongoos...
Imran Tarique1*, Muhammad Ghiasuddin Shah1, Illahi Bux Kalhoro1,
Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani2, Mansoor Tariq 2, Jamil Ahmed Gandahi1,
Saqib Ali Fazlani3 and Benazir Sahito3
...llagen and reticular fibers. Superficial dermal papillary layer was located beneath the epidermis, whereas dermal reticular layer deeper above the hypodermis. The papillary and reticular dermis was well developed in adult male age group with abundant areolar and dense irregular connective tissue all skin regions. Skin appendages (sebaceous and sweat gland, and hair follicle) was well developed and distributed in papillary and reticular layer in adult ag...
Ayse Haligur* and Sema Ozkadif
...in, and after a short course joined to a branch of C6. The rami ventralis originating from T2 coursed directly via the axillar region of the right side. The left side was not as regular as the right side. In this study, we showed that there were differences between the right and left sides of the plexus brachialis in the red fox.
...
Tariq Mahmood1*, Luqman Ullah Khan1 and Muhammad Naeem2
...% of the world avian diversity, Indian sub-continent has approximately more than 2060 species of birds. In Pakistan, there are more or less 660 bird species belonging to 23 orders and 74 families. The abundance and diversity of avian species in a specific habitat can serve as a useful measure of their ecological status. In response to land use changes, 20-25% of pre-agricultural birds have...
Yawang Sun, Yongjiang Wu, Jingbo Chen, Zili Wang, Juncai Chen, You Yang and Guozhong Dong*
...of oxidative damage markers were positively correlated with applied LPS concentrations. Total antioxidant capability and the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased with increasing LPS concentrations. Gene expression of antioxidants including SOD, NADPH-quinone oxidoreductase 1, and hemeoxygenase 1 were significantly increased at the LPS concentrations of 12.5 and 100 ng/mL. Both Fanconi Anemia complementation group D2 protein and Fanconi Anemia compl...
Jen-Hong Chu1, Ya-Wen Lan2, Shyn-Shin Sheen3 and Angela Chien3*
...L2 and L4. The feed conversion ratio (FCR) of L. canarium larvae fed with treatment diets was significantly lower than that of conch fed with control diet. The minimum dietary n-3 highly unsaturated fatty acid (HUFA) (C20:5n-3 + C22:6n-3) requirement for L. canarium was 19.59% of total lipid. Lipase activity in soft body increased with an increasing dietary lipid level, but amylase activity was not significantly affected by the dietary lipid leve...
Muhammad Nawaz1*, Muhammad Dawood1, Kainat Javaid1, Muhammad Imran2, Fengliang Zhao3, Shahzadi Saima4 and Syed Tansir Hussain Shah2
...n the atmosphere may adversely affect plants and ultimately cause serious negative consequences on the development, growth and maturity of crops. In this regard, this study was conducted to examine the possible health effect of fluoride pollution in the form of sodium fluoride on the growth and physiological parameters of cotton plant. The cotton plants were grown in the pots. Six different concentrations of fluoride (3mg/L ...
Hafiz Basheer Ahmad1*, Sajida Habib2, Waqas Shafqat Chattha3, Rizwana Qamar2, Shazia Saeed2, Abdul Khaliq1 and Salsabeel Rauf2
...n: justify;">Genetic diversity in Maintainer (B-line) and Restore (R-Lines) is a corner stone for the development of sunflower hybrid varieties. Seventy-seven of each, maintainer and restorer lines were sown in field and data were analyzed by using multivariate analysis. The results revealed that the mean values of all traits except for days to 50% flowering of maintainer lines were higher than restorer lines. The principal component analysis for B-lines showe...
Talat Farid Ahmed1*, Shamim-ul-Sibtain Shah1, Ashfaq Ahmed Sheikh2, Hashim Nisar Hashmi3, Muhammad Atiqullah Khan1 and Muhammad Azeem Afzal1
...f constructing main dispersion distributor and management structures for equitable distribution in the Pachad area i.e. the plain area in the foot hills of Koh-e-Suleiman has been investigated. Management solution are proposed with design aspects without causing damages to prevailing infrastructure, without stoppage of Canal breaches, minimized damages to standing crops in command area, and will ensure improved irrigation supplies in the Koh e Suleman (Pachad)...
Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah1*, Muhamad Jan1, Azhar Hussain2, Shoaib Akhtar1, Hussain Nawaz1, Muhammad Afzal3 and Humara Umar1
...ttraction for olive growers and consumers. The last three-years (2017-2019) study was conducted with the objective to evaluate varietal performance of table olives i.e. Ascolana, BARI Zaitoon-1, Earlik, Gemlik, Hamdi, Hojiblanca, Manzanilla and Picual at Barani Agricultural Research Institute (BARI), Chakwal. Eight olives varieties were evaluated for their growth and yield under Pothwar re...
Muhammad Afnan Rabbi, Iqtidar Hussain*, Ejaz Ahmed, Muhammad Saad and Aitezaz Ali Asad Shahani
...garcane, compel the growers to sowing late wheat and due to this wheat production becomes low. A foremost challenge for crop production is to increase its economic yields in an endurable manner by improving fertility of the soil. Many struggles have been done to enhance the wheat productivity since last decade. Use of synthetic plant growth regulators with nitrogen supply seems to be fruitful in this regard. So, an experimen...
Syed Ismat Hussain1, Muhammad Ramzan Asi1, Habbib Anwar1, Faqeer Ahmad1, Ateeq ur Rehman2*, Muhammad Shahid3, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi2*, Ummad ud Din Umar2, Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar4, Memuna Ijaz1 and Hafiz Usman Shakir1
...phora gossypiella (Saunders) have the ability to camouflage themselves with in rosette flowers and bolls and can reduce cotton yield up to 30%. It is considered to be a critically important pest of cotton all over the world. Field trials were conducted in different districts; Vehari, Rajanpur, and Mianwali, of Punjab-Pakistan during 2017 to evaluate efficacy of synthetic sex pheromone [ZZ/ZE-7, 11-Hexadecadiene-1-yl-Acetate]...
Qaiser Shakeel1*, Rabia Tahir Bajwa1, Yasir Iftikhar2, Mustansar Mubeen2, Muhammad Luqman3, Waqas Ashraf1 and Ifrah Rashid4
... effects on the pathogen’s (P. digitatum) mycelial growth rather than fungicides. Among all the plant extracts, the best result was showed by garlic extract with 87% of mycelial growth inhibition followed by moringa with 82%, the best concentration is 100mg/mL. Besides, Ridomil gold showed the most effective control against ginger soft rot with 84% of mycelial inhibition growth among all the tested fungicides. And found that protective treatment had a be...
Tanweer Fatah Abro1, Asif Ali Kaloi1, Jay Kumar Sootaher1*, Piar Ali Shar1, Tarique Ahmed Baloch2, Tanveer Ali Soomro1, Muhammad Saleem Chang3, Kirshan Kumar Menghwar1 and Waqar Hussain Shah4
Arjun Bastola1*, Sachet Subedi2 and Malatee Bastola3
...tability of these cultivars will cause variations in maize productivity. A total of 10 maize genotypes were evaluated in randomized complete block design with three replications during summer season 2019 in Chitwan, Nepal. Out of 10 maize genotypes, 8 (TX-369, CP-808, Pioneer-3396, Rajkumar, JKMH 502, Shresta NMH-731, CP-666, CP-858) were from international seed producing companies and two (Rampur composite and Rampur hybrid-10) as check from National Maize Re...
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1 and Nasir Ali Tauqir2
... selected minerals in hairs of Pakistani dromedaries reared in traditional system. A total of 12 (equal males and females) Marecha camels housed in half-open pens were studied. They were fed gram straw adlibitum with 8 to 10 hours grazing/browsing along with twice watering on daily basis. In hair minerals analyses, the levels of minerals including calcium, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron and manganese were determined via stand...
Imtiaz Ahmed*, Naveed Ahmed, Abdul Waheed, Muhammad Abbass Khan, Noorullah Khan and Fayyaz Ahmed
...on among studied parameters. In case of growing methods, maximum vine length (4.55 m), number of leaves vine-1 (41.22), number of fruit set vine-1 (4.04), fruit weight (2.23 kg), fruit length (41.63 cm), number of seeds fruit-1 (648.83), seed weight fruit-1 (86.66 g) and seed yield (290.33 kg ha-1) was obtained from plants which were trained vertically whereas minimum vine length (4.16 m), number of leaves vine1 (33.49), number fruit set vine-1 (3.49), fruit w...
Mahwish Munawar1, Xu Shiwei1, Yu Wen1 and Muhammad Luqman2*
...ht into rural households’ food consumption system. Food consumption score and household food insecurity access score index were used for precise estimation of food consumption behaviour and food security level weekly and monthly. Food Consumption Score indicated that households are less food insecure weekly; not a single-family consumes less than required food. But when we analyze rural households’ consumption be...
Muhammad Adnan Fahad1, Muhammad Jamal Khan1, Sheraz Ahmed2* and Imtiaz Ali2
...osses in earthen watercourses. To assess the effect of watercourses improvement on water availability and productivity, ten watercourses were selected randomly. Out of which, five improved and other five were found unimproved. Water losses in both watercourses were measured to find water saving from improved watercours...
Muhammad Fiyyaz1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sher Muhammad3, Muhammad Latif4, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Sarfraz Hussain5, Aneela Riaz6 and Abid Niaz2
..., T1 = chemical fertilizers at recommended rate, T2 = chemical fertilizers at half recommended rate, T3 = poultry dung at the rate of 5 t ha-1, T4 = poultry dung at the rate of 7.5 t ha-1, T5 = poultry dung at the rate of 10 t ha-1, T6 = T1 + T3, T7 = T1 + T4, T8 = T1 + T5, T9 = T2 + T3, T10 = T2 + T4 and T11 = T2 + T5. Maize was grown as test crop to evaluate efficiency of these treatments. At maturity, plant samples of mai...
Muhammad Fiyyaz1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Sarfraz Hussain3, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1 and Aneela Riaz4
... sources of organic matters such as farm yard manure, poultry waste, rice husk etc. can increase productiveness of soil. Combined usage of poultry waste material and chemical fertilizer improved maize growth and health of soil. This experiment comprised of 11 treatments applied under completely randomized design like, T1 = chemical fertilizers at recommended rate, T2 = chemical fertilizers...
Iqra Muzammil1, Muhammad Ijaz Saleem1, Amjad Islam Aqib2,*, Ambreen Ashar3, Syed Ashar Mahfooz1, Sajjad ur Rahman4, Muhammad Shoaib4, Muhammad Aamir Naseer1, Imran Khan Sohrani1, Javeed Ahmad1, Razaullah Saqi1, Fizzah Laeeq Lodhi1 and
Qaisar Tanveer5
... assessment of risk factors, and in-vitro antibiogram of non-biofilm producing S. aureus (nbpSA) and biofilm positive S. aureus (bpSA)from mastitic goats. The purposive sampling technique was applied to collect n=200 milk samples from different regions of goat populated areas of district Faisalabad-Pakistan. Using surf field mastitis test, collected milk samples were screened for subclinical mastitis at the spot for subsequent identificati...
Yahong Guo1,3, Zeqin Fu1,3, Jiantong Feng1,3, Chengrui Yan1,3, Yingying Ye1,3*, Kaida Xu2 and Baoying Guo1,3
...or mussel breeding, farmers use wild individuals to multiply the cultured populations. However, blind selection of wild parents has inevitably resulted in inbreeding and decreased genetic variation. In this study, four wild specimens groups (ZSW, WZW, NNW, and FZW) and four cultured specimens groups (ZSC, WZC, NDC, and FZC) of M. unguiculatus were used to analyze their genetic diversity, population structure and unde<...
Muhamamd Rizwan1*, Muhammad Arshad2, Muhammad Kashif3, Aneela Zameer Durrani4, Asghar Abbas5, Tanveer Ahmad6, Muhammad Nadeem7 , Kinza Khan8
...y of their immune receptors e.g. TLR. CRISPR Cas system also help bacteria to attach with the host body and replicate with in host body. It can develop antibiotic resistance in pathogenic bacteria, enhance their pathogenicity and can survival in host body.
Novelty Statement | CRISPR Cas system is an integral part of prokaryotic immune system that provides protection against viral infection and i...
Muhammad Khalid Mukhtar*, Sania Waliat, Shafaat Yar Khan, Naila Amjad
...07 SB Bhalwal (32°14’52.3”N 72°55’25.5”E) and location 2 (L2) was Chak 02 NB Bhalwal (32°19’20.1”N 72°54’56.5”E), Punjab, Pakistan. The flies were reared in mesh-cages and maintained on an artificial diet in the lab. Lab strain flies were collected from area where minimum insecticides were u...
Saima Maher1,3*, Shahina Fayyaz2, Nadra Naheed3 and Zarbakth Dar1
... at 0.1 g/mL after 48 hours of exposure. The LC50 0.0149, 0.1575 μg/ml of (VA4 and VA7), respectively found to be significantly effective than compounds VA5 (LC50 = 0.1575 μg/ml), VA 6 (LC50 =0.1575 μg/ml), VA2 (LC50 = 0.6269μg/ml and VA3 (LC50 = 0.25) VA1(LC50 = 0.3969μg/ml). The findings indicated that the constituents of V. album have a natural potential to use as nematicides and introduction in eco-friendly management strategies....
Allah Bakhsh1, Attiq Akhtar1*, Fiaz Hussain1 and Shabbir Ahmed2
...se incidence in the King’s Ruby variety, FZLR was used for two seasons in a row. Total leaf removal was used before bloom, during full bloom, and four weeks after bloom, and was compared to an untreated control (non-defoliated). In all leaf removal treatments, titratable acidity and bunch rot incidence decreased significantly, while total soluble solids, total phenolic content, total sugars, and reducing suga
Suman Bhattarai1*, Subodh Raj Pandey2, Jaya Prakash Dutta3, Meghnath Timalsena4 and Rajendra Bam5
...complished among beekeepers in 2019 to investigate the determinants and resource use efficiency of honey production at Chitwan, Nepal. The information was primarily collected through 60 Apis mellifera beekeepers registered in bee zone, Chitwan. They were selected for interview by simple random sampling technique. Interview using semi-structured questionnaire schedule was carried out for primary data. Cobb Douglas production ...
Muhammad Suhail Ibrahim1*, Asif Ahmad1, Anwaar Ahmed1, Amer Mumtaz2, Muhammad Javaid Asad3, Saqib Jabbar2, Ahmad Mujtaba1 and Muhammad Nadeem4
...ustify;">Food safety refers to the potentially hazardous agents or contaminants present in food that can cause food-borne illness. These extraneous agents are causing morbidity and mortality. Contamination of food by various agents includes physical, chemical, and microbiological. Food safety ensures that what we eat, chew, or drink is safe for human health. The whole food chain should be monitored right from production to consumption. The public health burden...
Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Abdul Moeez1, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Aneela Riaz3
...on of Si reduced the adverse impact of salinity and significantly enhanced the nutrients status of wheat plant. Under normal soil conditions, sodium (Na) concentration (5.63 mg/g), potassium (K) concentration (9.20 mg/g), Na/K ratio (1.60 mg/g), relative water contents (56.49%) and total chlorophyll contents (2.74 mg/g) were observed when maximum concentration of Si was applied i.e. 100 µg Si/g and least was recorded when no Si was applied. Similarly, un...
Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-Us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Abdul Moeez1, Humaira Ramzan1, Mudassar Hafeez1, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Aneela Riaz3, Sher Muhammad4 and Muhammad Latif4
...ege of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan. In the present study growth response of rice under normal and saline soil conditions was checked using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) under divided plot arrangements with nine treatments and three replications was used. Rice plants were grown in plots having normal soil (EC = 2.32 dS/m) and salty soil (4.93 dS/m). Si as phosphate industry waste was applied @ 0, 50 and 100 µg Si/g so...
Qudsia Nazir1, Muhammad Aftab1*, Ghulam Sarwar2, Aneela Riaz3, Sarfraz Hussain1, Ifra Saleem1, Amina Kalsom1, Noor-Us-Sabah2, Mukkram Ali Tahir2, Ateeq-ur-Rehman4 and Muhammad Arif1
... and biochemical parameters also enhanced with optimum application of Zn. By keeping in mind, the facts, it was hypothesized that the use of ZnO (a cheap source of Zn) impregnated urea for rice may enhance grains (paddy) yield. Three types of urea were prepared including Zn coated, bio-activated Zn coated and Zn blended urea at the 1.5% rate of formulate. The bio-activated Zn coated urea was prepared by inoculating the powdered organic material with Zinc solub...
Muhammad Rafique1, Inam Ul Haq1*, Humara Umar2, Muhammad Jan2 and Muhammad Azhar Iqbal2
... minimum temperature occurs between 10oC and 12oC during end March before olive flowering. In recent past, mass scale olive plantation over an area of 10,000 acres was done in these parts of the country. So, in order to ensure the sustainability of olive orchard development in Pakistan, a research trial was conducted to improve the rooting ability of olive cuttings to strengthen the local olive nursery setup. A practical pro...
Hajira Nur-ul-Islam1, Ahmed Zia2*, Khurshaid Khan1, Hirad Ali3 and Abdul Aziz3
...ms, differential characters for the species, previous global records, habitat description, measurements of body parts and ecological data for the positive localities are provided. With the addition of this taxon, Anisoptera fauna of Pakistan now counts 74 species. The area carries important ecology and is less explored for odonate fauna. Although in recent past, few faunistic studies were conducted in this area; yet these couldn&rs
Muhammad Ahsan1*, Aneela Ramzan1, Muhammad Nafees1, Adnan Younis2, Muhammad Amin1, Gulzar Akhtar3, Khansa Saleem1 and Azka Sabeeh1
...iences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur. There were 11 treatments comprising of honey (T1), sugar (T2), salicylic acid (T3), acetic acid (T4), indole acetic acid (IAA) (T5) and combination of all solutions with sugar. These treatments were compared with tap water (T0). There were four plants in each treatment with three replications which were arranged according to completely randomized design (CRD) under room temperature. The results showed that maximum ...
Muhammad Shakil Ahmad1*, Muhammad Afzal1, Sylvain Nafiba Ouedraogo2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1
...ed skinned potato cultivars. Feeding bioassays revealed that all parameters including leaf weight loss, larval weight gain, relative food consumption and growth rates and conversion efficiency of the ingested food were statistically significant (P ≤ 0.05). Exotic potato cultivars Diamant, Desiree and Asterix exhibited maximum leaf consumption and larv...
Mohammad Tariq Aziz* and Ayesha Khan
...search area. District Charsadda was the universe of the study and Multi Stage Sampling technique was used to select respondents from three selected villages of Tehsil Shabqadar of District Charsadda, namely Hajizai, Katozai and Battagram. Through Proportional Allocation Technique a sample of 112 respondents on basis of 10% of total 1120 registered farmers
Habiba ur Rehman, Muhammad Usman Ghazanfar and Waqas Raza
...mM was also good but lowers than the Nativo. The poor performance and maximum disease incidence and disease severity were recorded from the controlled pots. Among all the treatments the application of Nativo @ 6 mM had given maximum control of charcoal rot. So, it suggested that the application of Nativo @ 6 mM may be best for the control of charcoal rot....
Chala Hailu Hussen and Fikiru Temesgen Geleta
...siness development clusters emerged in the 1960s around traditional export commodities such as coffee, cotton and cocoa. Thus, this study was initiated to describe socio-economic factors of cluster crop producers, challenges of cluster crop production, and examine factors affecting smallholder farmers&
Amjed Ali1, Kamran Arooj1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1*, Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Muhammad Imran1,2, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Muhammad Mohsin Amin1, Amir Aziz3 and Muhammad Fraz Ali4
...ege of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Pakistan to investigate the impect of different sowing dates on growth and yield on mungbean cultivars. The research trial was arranged out in randomized complete block design (RCBD) under split plot arrangement followed by 3 replicas. In this study four different sowing dates (1st March, 15th March, 29th March and 12th April and two cultivars (A...
Maqsood Ahmad1, Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha2*, Faqir Hussain Anjum3, Sadia Afzal4, Muhammad Faran1, Fiaz Hussain3, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Abdul Jabbar5, Muhammad Sultan Ali Bazmi5, Mahnoor Mehmood6 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
... sowing dates and cultivars on the growth and productivity of mungbean. The study was conducted in RCBD with a split arrangement having three replications at Agronomic Research Area, University of Agriculture Faisalabad. The experiment consisted of different sowing dates (SD); 25th April, 5th May and 15th May and variable mungbean cultivars Azri Mung-2006, NM-2011 and NM-2006. The maximum ...
Muhammad Iqbal1, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal1*, Saghir Ahmad1, Athar Mahmood2, Muhammad Akram1, Hammad Husnain1, Muhammad Shahid1, Saeed Ahmad1, Ali Raza1, Ansar Hussain3, Allah Ditta Abid4, Qaisar Abbas5, Mussarrat Hussain5, Muhammad Akram6 and Muhammad Umair Hassan2
... in main plot and cultivars were placed in sub plots. Results revealed that seed cotton yield and fiber strength was more when cotton was planted early between 1st March to 16th April compared to late planted cotton (1st May to 16th June). Highest seed cotton yield was obtained when cotton was sown on 1st April during first year (3946 kg ha-1) and 16th March during second year (3307 kg ha-1). Minimum seed cotton yield (852, ...
Muhammad Waqas1*, Muhammad Shoaib2, Muhammad Saifullah1, Adila Naseem4, Sarfraz Hashim1, Farrukh Ehsan1, Irfan Ali3 and Alamgir Khan1
...tion was done by the Sen’s slope and Mann–Kendall (MK). Decreasing trends annually and seasonally found in MK and Sen’s Slope tests. The highest decreasing trend of -2.23 was observed in Autumn at Narran station, while the lowest change of -0.09 annually observed at Garhi Habibullah station at 95% of the significance level. The flow duration curves (FDCs) of all basin stations showed that DTF performed bett...
Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Sana Majeed1, Muhammad Arshad1, Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Luqman2, Asad Abdullah1 and Muhammad Afzal3
...74.3% efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), 72.3% efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD), 87.5% relative growth rate (RGR), 11.04% approximate digestibility (AD), and 47.6% assimilation rate (AR) were reduced after application of a mixture of emamectin benzoate and P. hysterophorus in comparison to control +ve treatment (untreated). The survival rate was also decreased by using this combination compared t...
Sadaf Aslam1*, Abdul Majid Khan1 and Muhammad Akhtar2
...as typical suine characters with hypsodont dentition and complex infolding of enamel surfaces. The described material consists of isolated molars. This discovery will provide a new insight to understand the diversity and geographic distribution of Siwalik Suids.
...
Zhi Wang1*, Wenhua Liu2 and FadaoTai3
...gets in different behaviors remain unclear. Using artificial population of the animal bred in a simulated natural environment, activity patterns and time budgets were investigated. The results showed that the species was clearly nocturnal but varied greatly in the number of daily activity bouts showing bimodal patterns in winter, trimodal patterns in spring and summer, even tetramodal patterns in autumn. It is possible that they are the most active in autumn a...
Bin Liu1,2, Libo Wang2, Dandan Xue2, Peng Xu1, Yuting An2 and Changhu Lu1*
...rategy of one-day stopovers. The Yancheng seawall forest may represent a low-quality habitat for this species, and birds pass this location quickly in search of other suitable habitats.
...
Amreen Zahra1, Mushtaq A. Saleem1*, Hasnain Javed2, Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan3, Muhammad Naveed1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4
... mainly targets the body’s immune system, including the CD4 cells, which help the immune system fight off infections. Gag-Pol are the principal viral elements in HIV-1, which cause disease initiation and progression. Here we present a comprehensive study, where both the in vitro and in-silico analyses were performed on HIV-1 from isolates of the Punjab area of Pakistan. The main objective in the current study was to study the hyp...
Sajid Ali1, Muhammad Avais1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Kamran Ashraf2, Saira Jabeen1, Sajid Hameed3, Muhammad Awais1, Jawaria Ali Khan1 and Imtiaz Ahmad4
... losses for dairy producers. Nevertheless, it is overlooked and least studied dairy problem in Pakistan. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of lameness at commercial dairy herds in Punjab, Pakistan. The sample size was 2,555 cows from 15 dairy herds assessed using a 5-point locomotion rating scale. A cow with a locomotion score of 3 or higher was considered to be lame. Lam...
Guangyu Wang, Xu Tian, Lintao Liu, Junyang Liu, Bo Zhang and Jingming Dong*
... fluid inflammatory factors before and after treatment between the two groups indicated more obvious improvement in the study group than in the reference group, p<0.05. Comparison of overall treatment efficiency of the two groups showed significantly higher efficiency in the study group than in the reference group, p<0.05. To conclude SJHXT combined with sodium hyaluronate can produce good therapeutic effects for patients with knee osteoarthritis, which ...
Muhammad Yamin1*, Usama Ali Zafar1, Ghulam Usman2, Muhammad Nauman1, Muhammad Rizwan3, Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Azhar Ali1 and Usman Haider1
...ng popular in the farmer’s community of Pakistan due to the possibility of growing off-season vegetable crops with high yield in a controlled environment. In the current study, the development and validation of IoT system consisting of monitoring and control units were carried out for controlling the environmental factors in tunnel farming. Three tunnels were set for monitoring the environmental facto
Rahat Rukhsana1, Shahnaz Rashid2, Asma Fatima2, Owais Iqbal Khan3, Syed Babar Hussain Shah4, Mumtaz Ali4 and Ghulam Abbas2*
... physicochemical parameters for fish and shrimp farming. Water samples (n = 3 each) were collected from these farms and analyzed for contents of ammonia, alkalinity, temperature, nitrate, salinity, nitrite, pH, total hardness, dissolved oxygen (DO), chlorophyll-a and phytoplankton-density during the period from March, 2015 to June, 2016. The chlorophyll-a concentration was determined by using the acetone extraction technique. Ponds water sample (50 lite
Mian Muhammad Arif* and Malik Muhammad Shafi
...is recommended that farmers should be provided loan facilities with a low-interest rate.The profitability of broiler poultry farms can be increased by reducing high mortality rate through proper vaccination, medication, and better management techniques....
Fazal Subhan1,2, Abdul Malik1, Zia Ul Haq1 and Tariq Mahmood Khalil1,3*
...r. Data on plant parameters were collected periodically and analyzed with statistical software (Statistix 10). The study indicated significant differences in yield and WUE. The highest yield 36.12 tons/ha was observed under CFI with 100% water application. Among the three furrow irrigation systems, AFI gave the highest WUE, while minimum WUE was associated with CFI. It can be concluded from this research study that AFI with full irrigation is the best method a...
Wajid Habib1, Saira Rasul2* and Hafiza Sadaf Zahra3
...ndard normal and student’s t-distribution. Further, to explore the dynamics of conditional volatility for agriculture commodities vs food products prices and explain the diffusion between both products. Results of the study concluded that the volatility effect and mean of both interest plus exchange rate affects the selected commodities overall. Further, the volatility of wheat price significantly affects the price series of the rice. On the other hand, ...
Kiran Shahjeer1*, Gauhar Rehman1, Khurshaid Khan1 and Toheed Iqbal2
...chella are reported as first distributional records from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Keys to the subfamilies of Family Formicidae and worker caste species of genus Lepisiota collected from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa along with its spatial distributional map for all species and a sub-species is provided. All the specimen are deposited at Insect Museum, Department of Zoology, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Pakistan. From the study, it is ...
Rabia Iqbal and Muhammad Naeem *
...d, water quality parameters were maintained within safe limits for fish growth. Ten fish specimens from each treatment were randomly collected at the end of trial for growth parameters analysis. Different growth parameters, such as mean weight gain, mean length gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, feed conversion ratio and production wer...
Sajid Ali, Shahen Shah* and Muhammad Arif
...d for two consecutive years (2016-17 and 2017-18) on the foliar supply of Zn and Fe to wheat at different growth stages in the Agronomy Research Farm, the University of Agriculture, Peshawar - Pakistan. Four Zn levels (0, 1, 2, and 3 kg ha-1) and four Fe levels (0, 2, 4, and 6 kg ha-1) at three growth stages (i.e. foliar application of full dosage at the tillering stage, full dosage at the booting stage and their respective ...
Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar1, Fahad Nazir Khoso1*, Imran Khatri1, Niaz Hussain Khuhro2 and Arfan Ahmed Gilal1
.... Moreover, the researchers and government organizations should provide the biological agents and convince the farmers to use IPM methods for healthy vegetable with high yield....
Summara Abbasi* and Khalid Nawab
...ent of rural milk producers as milk production has a significant contribution to sustainable rural livelihoods. For this purpose, the present research was conducted to determine the socio-economic factors that influence the rural milk producers in the adoption of dairy technology. A survey was carried out in district Muzaffarabad of Azad Jammu and Kashmir by selecting 8 villages purposivel...
Mehnaz Safdar1, Urooba Pervaiz1* and Dawood Jan2
...e size of 384 women farmers were selected through multistage sampling technique. Descriptive analysis revealed that 305 women farmers were involved in rearing poultry. A 5 point Likert scale was used, showed that women farmers had various constraints out of which Pardah, mobility and lack of information source were ranked on top with Likert score value of 4.12, 4.00 and 3.94, respectively....
Shahinshah Khan1*, Aijaz Ali Khooharo1, Zaheeruddin Mirani1 and Velo Suthar2
...by interviewing 360 farmers selected from six districts of Balochistan applying multistage cluster sampling approach. Survey data further revealed that 34% farmers produced their own seed. Regarding source of seed, dealers (96.8%) and neighboring (88.8%) farmers were observed to be the major sources of basic seed for multiplication. However, 36.8% of the...
Maria Qibtia1, Muhammad Wasim1, Farzana Chowdhary1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Sehrish Faryal1, Ahmed Mansouri2, Zeeshan Ahmad2, Muhammad Hamid3 and Ali Raza Awan1,*
...e: small;">Lactose non-persistence (LNP) develops due to the downregulation of the lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) enzyme. LPH is encoded by the LCT-gene located on chromosome 2q21. In this study, 50 patients with LI were investigated for the identification of mutations in the LCT-gene. In comparison of 30 subject with lactose persistence (LP) considered as healthy group. A total of 13 genomic mutations were ...
Assefa Tessema Tecklie1*, Abebe Getahun Gubale1, Seyoum Mengistou Yilma1, Tadesse Fetahi Hailu1 and Eshete Dejen Diresilign2
...on to this, 30 fish traders and 8 fish hotel owners specialized in fish dish were used as key informants. The average age of fishermen was around 36 which were in active force age group (< 65 years). Most (97%) of the fishermen used gillnets imported from Egypt with mesh size of 4-6 cm stretched mesh size < 8 cm which is the national standard. There are three commercially important f...
Shuang Yang1,2, Huiting Zhao3, Xuewen Zhang2, Kai Xu1, Lina Guo1, Yali Du1 and Yusuo Jiang1,*
...ory genes and better understand the underlying olfactory mechanism. In the results, a total of 121 chemosensory gene transcripts were identified, including 37 odorant-binding proteins, 35 chemosensory proteins, 33 olfactory receptors, 14 ionotropic receptors and 2 sensory neuron membrane proteins. The expression patterns of these genes were determined using the estimated fragments per kilo...
Hassan Naveed1*, Kamran Sohail2, Gul Zamin Khan3 and Yalin Zhang2
...03 is reported for the first time from North Western Part of Pakistan with redescription of habitus and male genitalia of Parallygus rameshi Viraktamath and Webb, 2012. A worldwide checklist with distribution for species of genus Parallygus Melichar is also provided....
Muhammad Qaddafi Khan Wali, Arif Alam* and Ikram Shah
...nd used for various factors responsible for food security status and the affect they have on food security at the household level. We used binary regression analysis to identify factors affecting food security in the target area. This investigation discloses that 90 % of the sampled households are suffering from food insecurity. From the exponential values of coefficient binary logistic regression, it is concluded that Gende...
Md. Mukthar Mia1 and Mahamudul Hasan2*
...s and collapses the body’s posthaste branching organs, such as bone marrow, lymph node, and the flimsy cell of the intestine, causing bloody diarrhea amidst a high mortality and morbidity rate. CPV is distributed in the family Parvoviridae beneath the subfamily Parvovirinae that pertains to the genus Protoparvoviorus with a high genomic replacement unlike other DNA virus; the organism is primarily segmented into three forms acknowledged as (CPV-2a, CPV-2...
Muhammad Tariq Mahmood1*, Muhmmad Akhtar2, Kaiser Latif Cheema2, Mushtaq Ahmad1, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khalid2, Afzal Zahid2, Muhammad Kashif3 and Zeshan Ali4
...arried out at eleven diversified locations across the Punjab province of Pakistan during cropping season 2019-20. GGE biplot and mega environment analysis were employed to identify the most stable and high yielding chickpea advance strains. GGE biplot among PC1 and PC2 illustrated that G-10 (K-15019) was ideal genotype performing best across the environments. Higher yield potential coupled with more yield stability across all test environments was recorded in ...
Amar Iqbal Saqib, Khalil Ahmed*, Muhammad Khalid Bhatti, Ghulam Qadir, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz, Muhammad Ashfaq Anjum, Abdul Rasul Naseem, Aftab Ahmad Sheikh and Belqees Akhter
Ayaz Ahmed* and Muhammad Zulfiqar
...r of ‘NTFPs income’ and ‘employment opportunities’ for JFM sample households were 2.289, 2.501 times respectively more than non-JFM sample households. Trainings imparted by forest department significantly improved the skills, knowledge and leadership abilities of the JFM participants (human asset) as compared to non-participants but JFM did not contributed to resolv...
Arshad Khan1, Mohammad Ihsan1, Mohammad Nisar1, Ali Hazrat1*, Murad Ali3, Rashid Ul-Haq3, Khalid Khan2, Karishma Gul1 and Shah Faisal1
...n: justify;">Genetic diversity can be investigated through different methods such as morphological traits, biochemical (SDS PAGE) and molecular markers. The present work was conducted on the basis of morphological and biochemical characterization in order to estimate the genetic diversity among the barley landraces; to explore significant variation which can be used in breeding programs. F...
Shaista Shafi* and Amjad Farooq
... Bahauddin Zakariya University Multan, Punjab (Pakistan) during 2014-2015 and 2015-2016. Four brassica species (B. carinata, B. rapa, B. napus and B. juncea) were seeded from October to November at different dates (Octo 20, Nov 05, Nov 20) in RCBD design (Randomized Complete Block Design) with standard cultivation procedures to detect the effect of sowing date on Brevicoryne brassicae population. Data were noted weekly and evaluated statistically. The ANOVA re...
Tahseen Ullah* and Noorul Amin
...ed Design, with two factors i.e. three different level of indole butyric acid (IBA 2000, IBA 4000 and IBA 6000 ppm) and three types of cutting (Soft wood, Semi Soft wood and Hard wood cutting). The basal ends of the cutting were immersed in the desired strength of the IBA. After treating the cuttings with solution they were planted in raised beds and covered with plastic sheets to maintain the humidity in the experiment plot...
Samra Aftab1, Saleem Ullah1 and Farida Anjum2*
...d temperature showed 72 hrs of incubation time and tempreture of 50 °C was best for cellulose degradation. From the data, it was concluded that Trichoderma sp. among microbes, HCl in acid and NaOH in bases were best for cellulose hydrolysis in samples while, incubation of 72 hrs at 50 °C showed higher cellulose degradation rate....
Hussan Ara Begum1, Muhammad Hamayun1, Noor Shad1, Waqar Khan3, Jawad Ahmad1, Muhammad Ezaz Hasan Khan2, David Aaron Jones2 and Kishwar Ali2*
...V radiation at the earth’s surface is increasing, impacting economically important plants. The current study assesses the effects of UV radiation on germination, growth, chlorophyll content and fresh and dry weight of Brassica rapa L. and Eruca sativa L. Some seeds of Brassica rapa L. and Eruca sativa L. were placed in petri plates, and were exposed to UV light for 30, 60 and 120 mins daily. The source of UV light was a UV box having a UV Tube. The UV ex...
Saddar Faheem1,2, Hameeda Kalhoro1, Naeem Tariq Narejo1*, Muhammad Hanif Chandio3, Memon Samina4, Shahnaz Rashid5 and Ghulam Abbas5*
...n terms of blood parameters....
Majed Rafeeq1,*, Nadeem Rashid1, Muhammad Masood Tariq1, Irfan Shahzad Sheikh1, Muhammad Zahid Mustafa1, Muhammad Shafee1, Khalid Mehmood1, Rana Muhammad Bilal2 and Tauseef Asmat1
...t to two groups of broilers and the third group was kept as control (C) and offered a basal diet. The chicks were reared in floor pens bedded with saw dust litter. Measured feed was offered twice a day and drinking water was offered ad-libitum. Growth performance parameters, hematology, serum biochemistry, immune response (ND and SRBC), intestinal histo-morphology, bacterial enumeration and cecal volatile fatty acids ...
Muhammad Mohsin1, Yin Hengbin2*, Qian Chong3 and Bohyun Kim4
...xploitation risk and understand ongoing economic implications of particularly important fishery resources. Thus, this study is the first-time attempt to evaluate very important fishery resource, i.e., Penaeus shrimps of Pakistan by considering these aspects. A long catch and effort (CE) data series, 1971-2009, were used in this study. CE data was statistically analyzed by using non-equilibrium surplus production model...
Asif Sadam*, Rahmat Ullah Khan and Sajid Mahmood
...e causes shift in biodiversity. This study aimed to identify the traits that enable bird species to become urban exploiters i.e. to colonize and become abundant in highly urbanized areas. Bird species were identified in point counts without distance estimation, in three habitats: urban area, residential area, and agricultural area. Twelve sampling sites were selected in well-defined habitats in Mardan district. Bird species ...
Ghulam Raza1*, Maqsood Anawar2, Muhammad Akbar1, Muhammad Ali1, Alamdar Hussain1, Azhar Hussain3 and Tanveer Hussain4
...s of predation by predators, poaching and competition for food with livestock during winter season. Therefore, the study was conducted to analyze the characteristic habitat feature and preference of Himalayan ibex during winter season in Hushe valley of Karakorum range.
...
Nilgun Dogan1,* and Hakan Adanacioglu2
...rice paid to the beekeepers was US$6.78. The absolute and relative profits were calculated as US$3.62 and US$2.14, respectively. The efficiency of the beekeeping farms was measured using Data Envelopment Analysis. The results of output- and input-oriented constant return-to-scale (CRS) analysis indicated an average efficiency value of 59.34%. The output- and input-oriented variable return-...
Sana Ilyas1, Muhammad Hidayat Rasool1,*, Muhammad Javed Arshed2, Muhammad Usman Qamar1 and Bilal Aslam1
...nt and poultry farm workers in Islamabad and Rawalpindi Pakistan.A total of 250 poultry samples, 92 poultry environmental samples, and 50 poultry farm worker’s urine samples were screened for ESBL producing E. coli using ChromeIDTM ESBL agar. Biochemical confirmation of the isolates was carried out by API 20E. The antimicrobial susceptibility profiling and phenotypic confirmation of ESBL produce
Rahma Mohamed, Sara Nader, Dalia Hamza and Maha A. Sabry*
... the potential risk factors associated with Cryptococcus colonization in the donkeys did not show any statistically significant differences. Molecular serotyping of 6 identified Cryptococcus spp. evidenced C. gattii in the nasal passages of 4 healthy donkeys (7.7%); while the other 2 C. neoformans serotype A (3.8%) isolates identified in healthy and diseased donkeys. Four C. gattii and C. neoformans isolates demonstrat...
Kai Huang1,2, Wancai Xia1,2, Yi Fu3, Yaqiong Wan4, Hao Feng2, Ali Krzton5, Jiaqi Li4,* and Dayong Li1,2,*
...ve and submissive behaviors were used to investigate dominance hierarchies between female individuals in the same one-male unit (OMU), and the grooming reciprocity index was used to detect reciprocal relationships between these females within the OMU. The results showed that loose social hierarchies exist among the females in each OMU, and more dominant individuals have higher grooming incomes. These results are consistent with the aggressive-submissive hypoth...
Arshad Ali1, Muhammad Nasir Khan Khattak2*, Muhammad Ali Nawaz3 and Shoaib Hameed3
... Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetinus), Himalayan brown bear (Ursus arctos isabellinus)), grey wolf (Canis lupus), and lynx (Lynx lynx) often encounter humans and contribute to significant economic losses. The present study was conducted in Kalam Valley, District Swat, Pakistan to estimate the occurrence of brown bear and conflicts with humans. Data about the presence-absence and depredation in fi...
Muhammad Ramzan1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah2, Muhammad Umair Sial2, Naeem Iqbal2 and Shafqat Saeed2
...mealy bugs and caterpillars attack on these plants. Among them, leaf eating caterpillar, Trilocha varians (Lepidoptera: Bombycidae) is serious insect pest for these precious plant species in various countries. The larvae of the pest can cause 80-100% defoliation. The various confirmed host of T. varians include Ficus benjamina, F. religiosa, F. benghalensis, F. caraica, F. infectoria, F. elastica, F. nitida, Artocarpus communis, A. heterpphyllus and A. kamansi...
Huma Qamar1, Mariam Hassan1, Muhammad Zubair1*, Adnan Arshad2, Muhammad Qusain Saeed3, Muhammad Umar3, Sundas Shahzad1, Tariq Mahmood1 and Muhammad Aftab1
...ht. Correlation in plant’s height and branches, days required for flowering and days required for maturity was positive at genotypic as well as phenotypic levels. Correlation between numbers of branches and days required for flowering was positive, while negative association of branches’ number was observed with days required for maturity and the obtained yield of a plant. Posi...
Muhammad Usman Aslam1, Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Imran Khan1, Rizwan Maqbool1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha2*, Fiaz Hussan3, Muhammad Nawaz4, Muhammad Shakeel Hanif5, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub6, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Mina Khan7 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
...e (CGR), productive tillers (323.11), spikelet/spike (15.88), grains/spike (44.55), 1000-grain weight (42.13g), grain yield (5.13 t ha-1) and biological yield (14.59 t ha-1) and minimum, LAI, CGR and tillers (291.55), spikelet/spike (12.55), grains/spike (36.11), 1000-grain weight (35.91g), grain yield (3.67 t ha-1) and biological yield (11.80 t ha-1) was noticed in control (no mulch) . In case of nitrogen sources maximum LA...
Ahmed A. Kheder
... 22dpi respectively. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify ~497bp for coat protein gene in RNA 2, the amplified product was confirmed with direct sequences. Phylogenetic analysis results indicated that SLRSV-Eg isolate under study (acc. no. MT648777.1), showed 65.9 – 99.5% nucleotide similarity with available homologous sequences from other crop...
Mohammed Bashar Danlami1*, Basiru Aliyu1, Abbas Bazata Yusuf1, Bashar Gulumbe Haruna1 and Asmau Nono Mahe1
...anning a period of 10 years (2009-2019). The study used a hospital-based archive that covers the entire Kebbi State without any well-defined population to collects data on all Pap smear cases presenting to the hospital for possible diagnosis of cervical cancer. Descriptive and summary statistics and cross-tabulation were used to describe the data using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Out of the 92 women who had ...
Sehrish Khudadad1, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Ahmed Zia3, Mian Sayed Khan4, Gulnaz Parveen5, Muhammad Kamal Sheikh6*, Falak Naz7, Muhammad Qasim8 and Syed Waqar Shah9
...s. They act as soil turners, environmental indicators, pollinators, seed dispersal/ orchid seed removal agent and scavengers. Ants can be both prey and predators for the crops and various insects. They also spread human diseases. Ant fauna is poorly known in Pakistan. As Pakistan occ...
Muhammad Shahzad1*, Syed Amer Mahmood2, Athar Ashraf3, Amer Masood2 and Saira Batool4
...iques are potential markers for the demarcation of active vulnerable zones that may threaten the life lines in the socio economic context. ...
Syed Muhammad Sulaiman, Nazir Ahmad and Nazir Ahmad Khan*
...notypes. The five cultivars, namely, Pir Sabaq (PS)-15, Bakhtawar-92, PS-2000, National Agriculture Research Council (NARC)-11 and Zam-04 were grown in 12 replicate plots (6 m × 10 m), that were blocked in three fields according to Randomized Complete Block Design. Uniform field preparation, irrigation, weeds control and standard agronomic practices were applied to all plots. For forage yield, morphological and quality evaluation, samples were collected ...
Fahrauk Faramayuda1,2*, Totik Sri Mariani3, Elfahmi1,4 and Sukrasno1
...lign: justify;">The flowers of Orthosiphon aristatus are purple, white-purple, and white. The main chemical compounds of O. aristatus are rosmarinic acid, eupatorin and sinensetin. The O. aristatus plant’s potential as traditional medicine is established, so it is necessary to produce its active compounds abundantly and to propagate purple and white-purple varieties of O. aristatus. A strategy that can be adopted ...
Shahzad Khan1*, Munir Khan1, Arif Alam2, Ikram Shah2, Mahfooz Khan1 and Fida Muhammad Khan1
...heat crop in district Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan in the year 2018. Three villages, namely, Aspandehri, Kamran Kalay and Sarfaraz Kalay, were purposively selected. A sample size of 41 wheat growers from farm households was chosen from these villages for data collection. Thus, selection of the farmers was based on the proportional allocation technique. However, primary data were...
Samina Tahir Kiani1, Abdul Rauf1, Syed Ayaz Kazmi1,*, Nuzhat Shafi1, Madiha Khalid2, Naeem Latif1, Samina Gul2, Saghir Yousaf3 and Muhammad Arshad4
...nd 150 females), 4-17 years of age were screened for anti-HCV antibody, HBsAg and anti-MTB antibodies using ICT kits. Sputum microscopy for MTB was done in MTB antibody positive samples. The samples positive in initial screening were confirmed by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Nine samples were found positive in both ICT and ELISA test for HCV while PCR showed six positive cases for HCV. HBV were found positive i...
Ying Yang 1,2,3, Tietao Zhang 1,2,3, Min Rong 1,2,3, JiaPing Xu 1,2,3 and Xiumei Xing 1,2,3*
... tended to increase at first and then decreased as the energy level was increased. The growth rate and voluntary feed intake regression coefficients for energy and the growth responses from weaning to the age of 26 weeks were studied in male and female mink receiving diets varying in energy level content. The apparent digestibility was digested better by male than by female. The energy levels affected the performances of female mink to a lesser degree than tho...
Muhammad Akhtar1, Muhammad Tariq Mahmood2*, Kaiser Latif Cheema1, Mushtaq Ahmad2, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khalid1, Amir Amin1, Javed Anwar Shah1, Zeeshan Qadeer1 and Zeshan Ali3
...tolerant chickpea cultivars for drought prone regions of the country. For this purpose, a research experiment was conducted in moisture stress (drought) and non-stress conditions (irrigated) at Gram Breeding Research Station, Kallurkot, Pakistan during 2019-20. Mean performance of various traits revealed significant differences among all the included chickpea advance lines. Drought indices i.e. drought tolerance efficiency (DTE), drought susceptibility (DSI) a...
Ain-ul-Abad Syed1*, Zaheer Ahmed Khan1, Shakeel Hussain Chattha1, Irfan Ahmed Shaikh2, Mian Noor Hussain Asghar Ali1, Zohaib ur Rehman Bughio3, Shahzad Hussain Dahri2 and Ghous Bakhsh Buriro4
...ter constraints in today’s agricultural industry, as well as decreasing soil conditions and growing food demand. The primary goal of current research is to find a substitute for conventional farming practices that could conserve water, fertilizer and generate more sustainable food vertically and horizontally. Two treatments were performed, each with two replications. The treatments included hydroponic (soil-less) and geoponic (soil) spinach seed cultivat...
Ghulam Murtaza1*, Muhammad Ramzan2, Assad Ullah3, Abid Ali5, Ayesha Zafar3, Rukhsar Beanish3, Ahmad Ali4, Ghulam Mustafa4 and Mudassar Aslam4
...Bactrocera zonata (Saunders) is the most important pest in different regions of the world. Due to cosmopolitan in nature, it causes huge losses in various fruits and vegetables production throughout the globe. The current experiment was designed at Insect Rearing Laboratory, MNS. University of Agriculture, Multan to evaluate host and oviposition preference of Bactrocera zonata on different fruits under laboratory conditions....
Ahmed F. Afify1, Mohamed A. Shalaby2, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2 and Amal S. Gaber1
...ivate studs of Arabian horses
and also foreign horse breeds, including 540 serum samples, among these, 4 EDTAblood
and 4 semen samples. Serologically, indirect ELISA was performed on 540
serum samples. 130 samples were clearly strong positive at a percentage of 24%.
Molecular detection of EAV genome was performed only on 8 selected semen and
EDTA-blood samples which...
NawalM. Abdulla1, M. Haroun1*,Mohamed A. Shalaby2and Ahmed A. Elsanousi2
...font>.
...
Walaa ,S. Shabanaa;Bakr, A. Abdallaa; Eman, M. ELShalamia; I.M. Redab; M. A. Shalabyb
...div>mean of antibody titers continued with the protective level till the 32 to 36th week post vaccination,
In single vaccination either FMD or RFV alone while till to 40th WPV in combined FMD/RVF
vaccine.In the final we can conclude that the use of Montanide ISA 50 as an oil adjuvant in prepared
vaccines improve the immune response against FMD and RVF, giving high titer of antibodies
against both diseases, and lo...
Ala’audin Hakami,1AusamaA Yousif,2* Mohamed Zaki,3 Mahmoud Ismail,4,5 Ahmed Al-Ali,5 Abdu-Rahman Al-Ankari5
...In positive cases, feathers not blood, consistently tested positive.
Four of the positive samples were collected from African grey parrots
(Psittacuserithacus), and two were from Indian ringnecks
(Psittaculaeupatria). Nucleotide-based phylogenetic analysis clustered one
African grey parrot PBFDV (Mira08) with South-East Asian and
Australian isolates indicating inters
Asmaa A.M. Abd El-Ghani *; Ahmed B.M.; Abdel-Raouf A. ; Nagwa S. Ata* and H.A. Hussein
...c extract of Salvadora persica(L.)
roots was investigated on bovine herpes-1 (BHV-1) infection in vitro. An ethanolic
extract of Salvadora persica was used in two concentrations. MDBK cells grown on
Minimum Essential Medium (MEM) were used for virus propagation and titration. The
effects of two concentrations of Salvadora persica on viral gro...
Mandour, A. M. 1, Abdel Maksoud, H. M. 2, Amal, A. Khalil 3 and Mohga, A. El-Tahlawey 4
...
of infection differs from one location to another. MDMV was isolated from
naturally infected maize plants at El-Monfia. These samples were checked
for virus presence using Indirect ELISA. A number of cultural practices were
evaluated as control measures against MDMV to minimize the virus
infection in maize crop.
...
Sallam A.A.A.1, Hoda M.A.Waziri2,E. K .F. Elbeshehy1, SamiaI.Massoud,1 and Abeer M. Abo El-Wafa2.
..., and
cultivarsbelonging to six different families. It was transmitted mechanically and not
transmitted by seeds or aphids. The isolated virus was inactivated by 10 min exposure
to 95°C, but not at 97°C, at a dilution of 10ˉ3,and at3 weeks storage at room
temperature. The BBMV was tested serologically against antibodies of Broad bean
stain virus (BBSV) and (BBMV) using indirect ELISA. Positiv...
Abeer A. Feisall; B.A. Othman2; Kh.A. El-Dougdoug2 and H.S. Shalaby1
Mokbel, Samah A.1,Ahmed K. El Attar1; Azza G.Farag2.
...eaves, and deformed flowers. Dienes‟ stain was used for detection of
witches‟ broom infection midribs of the symptomatichibiscus plant. The phloem of
infected tissues showed scattered area stained bright blue. Molecular detection utilizing
nested and direct PCR as well as DNA sequencing was used for the diagnosis of the
witches‟ Broom infection. Total DNA was isolated from leaf tissues of infected hibiscus<...
Maha I. El Zaafarany1, WafaaM. Badawy2, Eman M. El Salakh3
...enesis remain poorly understood. Some reports have examined the role of Human Papillomavirus (HPV) in this disease. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of HPV in breast cancer.Fifty four fresh frozen breast cancers samples were analyzed. Samples were tested for HPV by PCR, and products were sequenced. Findings were correlated with clinical and pathological characteristics.The HPV DNA prevalence in the b...
Mai A. Kilany1; Hanaa H.A. Gomaa1; Yousry E. Abo El-magd2 and Nermin Raafat2.
... proliferation and triggers HCC. Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is a nuclear-encoded antioxidant enzyme that neutralizes free radicals. Val16Ala single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) is one of the most widely investigated SNPs in the MnSOD gene, where C to T transition resulting in the con-version of valine to alanine at amino acid 16 within the mitochondrial signaling se-quence. This study was designed to investigate...
Enas K. Abo-Elmagd,Kouka S. Abd El-Wahab,Azza H. El- Salakawy
...th ELISA, and nested reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, to study the frequency of RV infection in Egyptian infants and young children during the summer season 2012 and the effect of certain risk factors including age and gender on the extent and impact of RV infection. The study included 73 infants and young children attending the pediatric Clinic,Al-Zhraa Univers<...
Nader M. Sobhy,1 Sunil K. Mor,2 Mohammed E.M. Mohammed,1
Iman M. Bastawecy,3 Hiam M. Fakhry,4 and Sagar M. Goyal2
...les was subjected to reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction( Rt. PCR) nucleotide of FMDV ID and 3D genes were determined using standard automated sequencing technique. Phylogenetic analysis of FMD / SAT-2 /3D/Egypt/Sharkia/2013/ FMD / (KJ210080) revealed (99–100%) identity with Egypt 2012/ and Palestinian-Gaza virus. Phylogenetic analysis of serotype O of this study from Ismailia (KJ210076) , Alexandria (KJ210074) and El-Mania (KJ210077) showed ...
Hiam M. Fakhry and Assem A.A.
...ree sheep groups ; the first group was vaccinated intramuscularly (I/M) with trivalent foot and mouth disease zeolite (1 μg/dose) vaccine, The second group was vaccinated with foot and mouth disease oil vaccine and Third group was vaccinated with foot and mouth disease ( oil + zeolite ) vaccine. The cellular immune responses were monitored in different tested groups that revealed the immune responses in sheep continuous with the permissible protective level...
Yasser F. Elnaker 1, Mohamed El-Tholoth 2, Sahar Saber 3, Amira A- Elsaid4, Mohamed A. Saad 3, Emad E. Younis 5
.... The serum antibody titers were determined by serum neutralization test (SNT) and Enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) in calves and also their dams. The results confirmed infection of calves with lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) and showed that calves older than 3 months old age and those out of first calf heifers are more susceptible for infection. Some calves even with insufficient...
Ebtisam, A. Abouel yazeed1; Yanni, M.I.1 and Hanan A. Fahmy2
...al-time quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR) from samples collected during neonatal diarrhea. Six out of forty tested samples were found positive for rotavirus (15%) infection using ELISA test. Successful isolation of the rotavirus on MDBK cell line from two samples from the positive ELISA samples. The beginning of characteristic cytopathic effects (CPE) were observed from the 3rd passages as clumping, rounding of infected cells with syncytia and l...
Hanaa A. Ahmed1 and Eman M. AboHatab2
...ent stages during the course of the disease from private farms in Ismailia and Fayoum governorates during April to June 2013. Different diagnostic tests used for Isolation of LSD virus from the nodular samples by inoculation on chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) of embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) SPF at 9-11 day and Madin Darby bovine kidney (MDBK) cell culture. Identification of virus by indirect immuno fluorescent antibody technique (IFA) which was considered a r...
Yanni, M. I1; Hanaa A. Ahmed2; Lamyaa, A. Ahmed1; Hanan, A. Fahmy3 and Ibrahim, E.M.4 Aggour, M. G.3
...r study, three Arabian horses from Cairo, Egypt, were died after nervous manifestation expecting Rabies. Brain tissues were sent for direct fluorescent antibody technique and isolation on tissue culture using BHK cells. Direct confirmation was performed by Real time RT- PCR and gene sequencing was performed directly from brain samples. Phylogenetic analysis including sequences from all previous Egyptian isolates and neighboring countries isolates was conducted...
Afaf. A. Khedr*, Ekram Salama*, A. A. Samy**, Abdella, Y.A.*** and Suzan. K. Tolba***
...own in mean antibody titers against Avibacterium paragallinarum serovar A, B and C and infectious bronchitis. In addition, Montanide ISA-70 is lesser in viscosity that makes it easily injected, so, it is better to use for control of infectious coryza and infectious bronchitis diseases in chickens....
Fawzy Rania1, AboElkhair M.1, Bazid A.M.1, Sultan H.2, Hussien A.H.3
...erotypes in broiler sectors. Regular monitoring for evolution, epidemiology and genotyping of Egyptian IBV field strains is very important for screening the emergence of new variant strains as well as evaluating the existing vaccination programs....
El-Bagoury, G.F., El-Nahas, E.M., El-Habbaa, A.S.
...rly identified using reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Both cattle and buffalo isolates behaved the same pattern for serological and molecular identification in correlation with BEFV Webster reference strain and showed an amplicon size 473 bp for G2 gene. In conclusion, BEFV field strains from cattle and buffaloes seem like but further molecular characterization was required to study their homology....
Serag eldeen Sultana, M.W Abdel azeemb, Nahla Mohamed Eldamranyc
... classified into (8) orders, (16) families and (23) species. The serum samples were examined using IDEXX MultiS-screen AI Antibody ELISA kit coated with AIV nucleoprotein and hemagglutination inhibition (HI) test against H5 and H9 antigens. The overall results using both ELISA and HI tests revealed that the prevalence of AIV antibodies was 12.6% (18/143). The seropositive samples represented 5/143 and 15/108 for ELISA and HI, respectively. The detection of bot...
Nelson D. Zambrano1, Wilber Arteaga1, José Velasquez2 and Dorys T. Chirinos1*
...fy;">Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) is cultivated mainly for the production of fiber for the textile industry and is attacked by different insect pests, therefore it is produced with frequent pesticide applications. Research was conducted to evaluate the effect of lambda cyhalothrin + thiamethoxam on the incidence of insect pests and its associated natural enemies. Results revealed that populations of B. tabaci were higher in plots treated with lambda cyhalothrin...
Aya El-Turkey1, A. K. El-Attar1, A. E. Aboulata1, B. Othman2 and K. A. El-dougdoug2
... using specific PCR primers.PCR product was molecularly cloned in t E.coli cells using PCR2.1/TOPO/ TA cloning vector. HSV-2gD fragment was liberated from 1 μg recombinant plasmid by using the restriction endonuclease EcoRI. HSV-2gD was successfully sub-cloned into binary plant expression vector PBI-121. HSV-2gD subunit-containing binary vector PBI 121 were transformed into Agrobacterium tumifaciens LBA 4404 strain for Agro-inoculation. Tomato plants were t...
Amro A. Farrag1; Ahmed K. El-Attar1; Om-Hashem M. El-Banna2; Ibrahim A. I.2; H.
M. Mazyad1
...fic oligonucleotide primers. SLCV (bean isolate) was
transmitted from naturally infected common bean onto twenty two species and varieties
belonging to six different families i.e. Moraceae, Solanaeae, Cucurbitaceae,
Leguminoceae, Chenopodiaceae, and Malvaceae using viruliferous whitefly (Bemisia
tabaci). Results revealed that SLCV could be transmitted to 16 out of 22 species and
positively back inocul...
Samah A. Mokbel1, Ashraf A. Abd El-Mohsen2
...irus-free potato minitubers is critical. For this purpose, infected tubers with potato leafroll virus (PLRV) or potato virus x (PVX) from two cultivars Spunta or Lady Rosette as demonstrated by serological detection were used as a source for virus-free minitubers production. This achived by subjecting tubers directly t...
Hanaa H. A. Gomaa1; Entsar A. A. Nassar2; K. A. El-Dougdoug3
... studied genetic parameters showed variations among milk thistle and parent varieties (plant height, main branch, total branches, head flower, fruit yield per plant). Concentration and yield amount of seven detected silymarin compounds using HPLC showed wide variations among varieties. They ranged from 9.2 to 34.78 mg/g fruits or 450.25 to 1250.25 mg/plant. The silymarin production has the same pattern of fruits yield. The methanolic solutions were extracted f...
Ahmed K. El-Attar; Samah A. Mokbel; Ali H. Hamed
...rum and confirmed by Reverse Transcriptase-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RTPCR)
using virus-specific primers. The molecular characterization for the Egyptian
isolate has been performed through cloning and sequencing for the OYDV CP gene
which amplified by RT-PCR then cloned and sequenced in the TOPO cloning vector. The
CP gene sequence has been submitted to the GenBank and compare...
K.A. El-Dougdoug1, A.R. Sofy2, A.A. Mousa2 and E.E. Refaey2
...ns. Eleven potato cultivars
(Solanum tuberosum) mechanically inoculated with PVY isolate under greenhouse condition
were divided to three categories, resistant (Diamond, Execusa, Hermes and Valor), tolerant
(Sisi, Lady Balfor, Nikola, Ditta and Lady Rosetta), susceptible (Anabel and Spunta) based on
different external symptoms, the severity infection and virus concentration. Expressed protein
was diff...
Om-Hashem M. El-Banna1, Maisa A.E. Awad2, M.S. Abbas3, Hoda M. A. Waziri2 and Huda S. A. Darwish2
Amro A. Farrag1; Ahmed K. El-Attar1; Om-Hashem M. El-Banna2; Ibrahim A. I.2; H. M. Mazyad 1
...enerate
primers and Squash Leaf Curl Virus (SLCV) specific primers. All bean varieties grown in
surveyed governorates were found susceptible to Geminivirus infection and the dominant
Geminivirus affecting bean fields was SLCV. Percentage of infection was higher at Nili
season than that at the summer season. Six different commercial varieties of common
bean were eval...
M. A. S. El-kady1; A. B. Badr2; Ahmed K. El-Attar1, Hoda M. A. Waziri1 and Kh. E. A. Saker1
...of Botany, Al-Azhar University, Cairo, Egypt.
...
Aly M. Abdel-Salam1, Rehab A. Dawoud2, Amira M.E.Aly2, and Salama M. El-Saghir2
...CR amplicons for the reverse transcriptase and RNaseH motifs of ORF III
for four BSV isolates were cloned, sequenced and submitted to GenBank. The four
accessions showed nucleotide-pairwise identity between 76-82% and amino acid
similarity between 29-63% indicating high diversity. In addition, the four BSV
isolates showed nucleotide identity between 64-88% with four BSV accessi...
A. B. Badr1 ; M. A. S. El-kady2; and Kh. E. A. Saker2
... and cytological characters of infected bean plants. The thickness of
leaflet blades, palisade and spongy tissues were increased than the healthy plants. In
contrast the thickness of upper and lower epidermis layers were reduced. Also the
thickness of midrib zone was slightly reduced. Moreover, vascular tissues lost their
normal shape and arrangement as xylem arms. The most int...
Mohamed I. Azzam1, Safaa M. Ezzat1, K. A. El-Dougdoug2, Badawi A. Othman2
...develop reliable indicators for enteric viruses contamination. This
work assesses the bio-diversity of coliphages to use as bio-indicators for viral water
pollution. The study elucidates the occurrence of enteric viruses at various locations in
Rosetta Branch of the Nile River in addition to five main drains located on its sides which
selecte...
Rehab A. Dawood1; Entsar A. Nassar2; and K.A. El-Dougdoug 3
...chnique. Osmotherapy refers to culture meristem – tip and stem nodes at MS medium saturated with sucrose. Stem nodes of potato were successfully stored for up to 12 month at osmo-preservation medium supplemented with sucrose 50, 60 and 70 gl -1 at 210C. The survival percentage was recorded 85.1, 81.2 and 50.8 for 50, 60 and70 gl -1 respectively for 12 months at 210C. All survival plantlets revealed viability and resumed growth on fresh medium within thre...
Eman A. H. Kattab1,3, A. H. Ebrahem2 , Om-Hashem M. El-Banna2 and Hanan F. EL-Kammar³
...ter of 1:1024 from the first bleeding. IgG and IgG conjugate were 1.0 μg/ ml and 1:1000, respectively. The produced antiserum was evaluated by DBIA and TBIA using infected plant....
Amel, S.M. Abo-Senna1; M.A. Nasr-Eldin2; B.A. Othman3 and A.A. Megahed4
...using high specific primers as 113 bp fragment within the nuclear inclusion protein b (NIb) coding region of the virus genome. The cytopathological effects of ZYMV on the infected cells were completely chloroplasts destruction, and deformation of vascular bundles. The effect of late ZYMV infection decreased fresh weight and yield of squash plants....
Aly M. Abdel-Salam
...tilizing degenerate primers for badnaviruses for the reverse trancriptase,
RT/RNase genome regions of ORF III detected the virus in infected sugarcane leaves
and in its vector Saccharicoccus sacchari and in another unidentified
Pseudococcidae- mealybug. Amplicons for the RT/RNaseH motifs of the two virus
isolates were cloned, sequenced, and submitted to the GenBanak. Pair-wise ...
Amira A. Mazyad1; A. A. Kheder1; Ahmed K. El-Attar1; W. Amer.2; Mahasen, H. Ismail.2; Amal, A.F.1
...nd molecular assays. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used to amplify 497 bp fragment using PCR primers specific for the viral coat protein gene as a tool for molecular diagnosis. The PCR detection was confirmed with direct DNA sequencing and phylogenetic analysis for the coat protein gene. Further insurance of SLRSV infection...
Eman A. Ahmed1, Osama Y. Shalaby2, Emad F. Dwidar2, Samah A. Mokbel1, Ahmed K. El-Attar1
...were carried over the course of the 2012 and 2013 in different areas of
tomato-growing fields in Egypt (Giza, Ismailia, Bani-Sweif, Fayoum and Qena) in order
to determine the occurrence and distribution of phytoplasma associated with diseased
tomato plants (Solanum lycopersycum L.), and to identify and classify the phytoplasma
involved. A detection of infected tomato plants, wh...
Aly M. Abdel-Salam1 and Samah A. Mokbel2
... losses.
Reverse transcriptase (RT) polymerase chain reaction (PCR), RT-PCR, using
degenerate primer pair for the coat protein (CP) gene of Ilarvirus amplified products
similar to those produced from peach and apricot isolates of NRSV-infecting stone
fruits. Dot blotting immuno-binding assay (DBIA) showed positive reaction between
M. A. Kararah1, Om-Hashem M. El-Banna1, Salwa N. Zein2 and Abd-Elrehiem, A.F.3
..., Pea mosaic (PMV) was first reported on cowpea
(Vignaunguiculata (L.) Walp).PMV was isolated from naturally infected
cowpea plants, showing mosaic and choloratic ring spot symptoms, which
had been grown in the experimental fields of Giza Agricultural Research
Experimental Station (A.R.E.S) in 2008. Identification studies based on host
range, symptomatology and seed transmission through cowpea and dif...
Arshad Abdulkhalq Yaseen1,2* and Mária Takácsné Hájos1
...ing some quality parameters of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) grown under plastic tunnel conditions. In this regard, three different lettuce varieties (May King, Kobak and Great Lakes) were grown in spring 2019 and 2020. The concentration of 6% MLE was sprayed as a biostimulant every two weeks from transplanting with the amount of 25 mL plant-1. The results indicated that lettuce vegetation quality (head structure, head weight and root weight) was significantly i...
Sadiq Haladu1*, Taiwo Oladoye Akande2 and Mudassir Nasir3
...n all the tested parameters. It was concluded that supplementation of layer diets with 2% fluted pumpkin and moringa improved the health status of the birds and also reduced the egg yolk cholesterol....
Maryam Yousaf1, Salman Ahmad1*, Romana Anjum2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed3
...ications in tomato Lycopersicum esculentum nursery seedlings in response to tomato wilt disease caused by fungus Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (FOL). Two months old tomato seedlings were grown under normal conditions in green house and were artificially inoculated with FOL conidial suspension of 1×106 conidia/mL by drenching method. Untreated plants served as control. Fi
Sherif .M. Ibrahim*, Abd El-Razek. B. Abd El-Razek*. Hanan. M. El-Zahed Amal. A. Fatouh* and Ayatollah. I. Ibrahim*
...for each strain with titers reached 4.5 and 3.5 log10 EID50/ml at 5th passage for FPV and PPV isolates, respectively. The isolated strains were further identified using the specific hyper-immune sera for each virus by virus neutrization test (VNT). As the Neutrization index (NI) for PPV and FPV isolates were 2 and 2.75 when neutrized by FPV hyperimmune sera (HIS) while it was 2.5 and 2 when neutrized by PPV (HIS). DNA was extracted from the produced pock lesio...
Sahar Abd El Rahman1; Mohamed Eladl2 and Mohamed M. El-Diasty3
...ely inoculated mice. Reverse transcriptase polymerases chain (RT-PCR) reaction was performed directly on buffy coat samples for molecular identification of the virus showed 470 bp clear band in gel electrophoresis. The sensitivity of the utilized techniques in the identification and diagnosis of bovine ephemeral fever disease revealed that the virus isolation is a gold standard technique, as well, the immunofluorescence technique. RT-PCR proved to be a rapid, ...
Safaa M. Mohammed*, Shahira A. Abdelwahab**,Fetaih,H⃰ ⃰ ,Neveen,R⃰ ,Abdel satar ,A⃰ and Mohamed S. Elshahidy**
... using specific P4b primers and visualized by gel electrophoresis at 578bp....
Abd El-Hamid, M.I1, Seham, A.El-Zeedy1, El-Sanousi, A.A2, Reda, I.M2, Nehal, S. Saleh1, Abbas, A.M1
...of the most potent inducers of virus-neutralizing antibody among the spectrum of EHV-1 proteins .A wave of Abortions has been recorded in El Zahraa stud for Arabian Horses ,collected samples were either aborted fetal tissues either Lung and livers as well as Aborted placenta and nasal swaps from mares suffering from repeated Abortions, The current study used the gene synthesis technology i...
Abd El-Hamid, M.I1; Seham, A. ElZeedy1; El-Sanousi A.A2, Reda, I.M2, Nehal, S. Saleh1., Abbas, A.M1
...HV)-1 is a pathogen of horses, well known for its ability to induce abortion and nervous system disorders neonatal foal pneumonitis, highly contagious among susceptible horses, with viral Transmission to cohort animals occurring by inhalation of aerosols of virus-laden respiratory secretions. Extensive use of vaccines has not eliminated EHV infections, and the worldwide annual financial bu...
Amir M. Walaa1 ; Ausama Yousif1; Walid H. Kilany2; Magdy El-Sayed1; Ahmed A. El-Sanousi1
...s where the virus couldn’t be detected in trachea & kidney after 7 days post challenge even by using the sensitive rRT-PCR....
Megahed, A.A.1; Kh. A.El-Dougdoug2 and B.A. Othman2
... mottling, mosaic, blisters, leaf curling, stunting, yellowing and necrosis. Depending on the external symptoms, the present study revealed that, the total of expected and recorded viruses was five sugar beet viruses (CMV, BtMV, BNYVV, BCTV and BYV). The highly incidence percentage was recorded to BCTV (53.3 and 47.2 %) for both seasons (2009/2010 and 2010/2011). The values of ELISA conformation of total tested 240 of 915 samples of naturally cultivated plants...
A. A. Rezk1,3, K. A. Alhudaib2 and A. M. Soliman2,3
... characterized using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The nucleotide sequence for the coat protein (CP) gene was carried out and submitted in GenBank under accession number JN083790. The phylogenetic tree showed that there are two big clusters and the identity between them 90%. The isolated CYSDV in this study is located in the second cluster with the isolates from Sudan, Iran and the other isolate f...
Sahar A. Youssef1; Manal A. El-Shazly1,2; Azza G.Farag1,3; Eman A. Khattab1,2
...ber and diameter of flowers , color breaking and necrotic spots on flower petals .The virus was biologically purified from single local lesion formed on Chenopodium quinoa. The isolated virus was identified on the basis of symptomatology, transmissibility, serological tests and molecular technique. The virus was identified serologically by direct ELISA, dot and tissue blotting immune-binding assay using authentic and induced antiserum for PN
Badr, A. B. 1, Abou-zeid, A. A2. and Al-Naggar, A. M1.
... potato leaflets and tubers infected with Potato virus Y. Anatomical features of terminal leaflets i.e. mean of thickness both, midrib zone, leaflet blade, upper epidermal layer, palisade and spongy tissues, length and width of protoxylem and metaxylem vessels were reduced. However, lower epidermal layer was increased. Stomatal characters i.e. number of stomata and length of stoma pore were increased, while, width of stoma p...
Hanan M. El-Zahed, Hanaa A. Mostafa, Nermeen M. El Sayed and Lamiaa M. Omar
...f CAV ELISA antibody titers in all the vaccinated chicken subgroups at 4th WPV with either DW or S/C CAV vaccine indicating that the two CAV vaccines were immunogenic; Also, by measuring H5N1 HI titers within the 6 weeks post vaccination with AI vaccine in the sera of different chicken subgroups using HI test. It is clearly observed that AI HI antibody mean titers in S/C and in DW CAV vacc...
Manar F. Seioudy1, Magda M. Sayed1, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2 and M. A. Shalaby2
...sted using specific primers and they were free from BVDV or mycoplasma contamination. Results in this study showed that molecular techniques could be used for rapid evaluation of PPR vaccine including RT-PCR for identity testing and for detection of BVDV as adventitious contaminant and PCR assay for detection of bacterial contaminants as mycoplasma....
Serageldeen Sultan1, Nabila Osman2
... was confirmed for the first time among chicken flocks in Egypt....
Manal A. El-Shazly1. M. I .Kobeasy2and Sarah H . Altalhi3
... Saudia Arabia for the first time. Observed symptoms circumvented mosaic, curling, bronzing and/or purpling, chlorosis and necrotic spot on the leaves. Disease symptoms of infected fruits produced from inoculated healthy tomato seedling showing discoloration, faint concentric rings, necrotic and chlorotic spot on mature tomato fruits. The virus was biologically purified from a single local lesion formed on Chenopodium amaranticolor Caste & Reyn. The isolat...
Ramy A. Qabel1; Tarek F. El-Arabi2; Adel A. Shoukry1; Hassan H. Elsebaay1; Abdel-Aziz F. El-Hamahmy1
...is governed by many factors. The foremost factor that could affect the rhizobia is bacteriophage infection. In this context, this study aimed to investigate the abundance of rhizobiophages in Egypt. Rhizobiophages were isolated from the rhizosphere of different legume plants. While no temperate phages were detected, two groups of phages were determined based on their virulence. Highly virulent phages designated as group V showed clear plaques and were able to ...
Radwa M. Shafie 1 and Soha S. M. Mostafa2
... the algal filtrates 24 hrs. before inoculation produced a higher inhibitory effect against BYMV than that obtained by spraying 24 hrs. after inoculation. The same trend of inhibition effect that was detected with algal biomass was lower than with filtrates. The indirect ELISA was carried out to confirm the identity of the virus isolate and the obtained results of this study. Spraying faba bean plants with either algal filtr...
Lala Rukh1, Muhammad Nadeem1, Tusneem Kausar1, Mian Anjum Murtaza1, Muhammad Luqman2*, Muhammad Bilal Shahid1 and Amal Shaukat3
...te in date paste. Date bars were formulated after ingredients optimization and were analyzed for physico-chemical, in-vitro starch and protein digestibility, antioxidants and microbial count. Results showed that date bars are rich source of protein, fiber, carbohydrates and fat with good digestibility properties. Date pit powder and soy protein isolate incorporation enhanced the total antioxidants and DPPH activity in soy da...
Rafia Ahsan1, Saif Ullah1, Ijaz Yaseen1, Faisal Sohail Fateh1, Muhammad Fayyaz1, Shahzad Asad1, Atif Jamal1, Muhammad Sufyan2 and Muhammad Zakria1*
... Punjab for last many years. There is need to introduce resistant Basmati varieties to reduce the inoculum level and yield losses....
Asfand Raheel1, Syed Zulfiqar Ali2, Muhammad Waris2, Muhammad Basharat2, Basheer Ahmed2, Muhammad Arshad Ullah3, Syed Ishtiaq Hyder4 and Taqi Raza4*
...electronic chemical sensors with partial specificity and an appropriate pattern-recognition system, capable of recognizing simple or complex odors. In the food industry, electronic nose is popularly used to detect smells and flavors of a wide range of food items. Latest steps are required for postharvest management through which the economy of horticultural products around the globe is alm...
Nashwa M. Helmy1, Ahmed S. Ahmed2, and Zeinab3 Y. Mohamed
...ent stages during the course of the Lumpy skin disease (LSD), and (100) Peripheral blood samples without anticoagulant were drawn from apparently healthy non vaccinated cattle against LSDV and (100) serum samples were drawn from cattle 4 weeks post vaccination with local attenuated sheep pox virus vaccine located in Sharkia and Fayoum governorates. Methods: Lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV) was isolated from skin biopsies collected from clinically infected cattl...
Aly M. Abdel-Salam
...ith illustrating the adverse effect of mixed infection with these viruses on diagnosis and breeding for virus resistance in cucurbits. Methods: CYSDV was isolated through Bemisia tabaci insects; whereas, CVYV was isolated through mechanical inoculation. The two viruses were purified using the electro elution technique devised by the author of the present study. Rabbit immunization was used for induction of antisera for CYSDV and CVYV. RT-PCR was used to amplif...
Salama M. El-Saghir1, 2
...arly using specific primers for PVS.
Methods: In-direct ELISA (I-ELISA) and dot blotting immunobinding assay (DBIA) were used for
detection of the virus in commercial potato plants. IC RT-PCR amplified 187 bp of the virus coat
protein using antiserum for PVS and the specific primer 5’TGGCGAACACCGAGCAAATG3’ (sense)
and 5&
Salama M. El-Saghir1, 2
...V in the peach trees understudy was confirmed with DAS-ELISA
using an authentic antiserum for PNRSV. The incidence of phytoplasma as a second pathogen in the
trees was PCR tested using the universal primers for phytoplasma detection, P1/P7, in the first step.<...
Ayman S. El-Habbaa 1, Gabr F. El-Bagoury1, Samar F. El-Adaway2, and Susan S. El-Mahdy2
... was amplified using Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) then subjected for nucleotide and amino acid sequence detection. Results: NDV Giza 2014 isolate and NDV Qualubiya 2014 were characterized as velogenic and lentogenic strains, respectively using Mean Death Time (MDT), Intracerebral Pathogenicity Index (ICPI) and studying amino acid motif of the F protein cleavage site. Phylogeny put NDV Giza 2014 in a separate branch independent from ...
Manar F. Seioudy1, Magda M. Sayed1, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2 and Mohammed A. Shalaby2
...ques as conventional reverse transcriptase polymerase
chain reaction (RT-PCR) and real time RT-PCR in identity test of PPR vaccine.
Methods: Four batches of PPR vaccines that produced in Egypt by Veterinary Serum and Vaccines
Research Institute (VSVRI) were collected and tested for identification of PPRV by conventional RTPCR
using two primer sets targeting F-gene and N-gene and real time RT-PCR.
Resu...
Muhammad G. Khodary1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2, Mohamed M. Emara2, Othman E. Othman1, Hussein A. Hussein2
...>tested by real time Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) for detection of
FMDV. The highly viral loaded FMDV positive samples were typed by conventional reverse
transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of 6
representative samples were performed.
Results: Testing of 80 collected samples of Oropharyngeal, oral ep...
Naglaa F.S. Awad1, Gamelat K.F. Kotb2
...>Background: Since the first introduction of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus (RHDV) in 1991,
Egyptian authorities started a national vaccination program against the disease. However, RHDV
clinical cases are still being reported.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate genetic characterization of recent RHDV isolates from
naturally-infected rabbits in Sharkia governorate, Egypt in 2015/2016.
Metho...
Lamiaa M. Omar, Mohamed A. Abdrabo, Dali M. Omar, Nermeen A. Marden
...0.3 EID50/ml. The AI titers after experimental
infection of chicken and viral re-isolation were 1010.3 EID50/ml in ECE and 1.6×107 copies/ml by
rRT-PCR to sample (1), 105.4 EID50/ml in ECE and 1.2 ×106 copies/ml by rRT-PCR to sample (2),
and 106.2 EID50/ml in ECE and 4×105 copies/ml by rRT-PCR to sample (3). The egg inoculation
method detect a gradual decrease in percentage of positive egg for A...
Rasha M. Mahrous1,4, Ahmed K. El-Attar2, Ahlam A. AlWatban1, Sohair I. EL-Afifi3,
Nagwa M. Aref1,3
... using the specific primers of their 16S-23S rRNA gene by PCR.
Results: The Phytoplasma was isolated on indicator (Vollka marina) plants. It was transmitted on
Lemon (Citrus limon) by grafting and on periwinkle by dodder. It was detected in the sieve tubes and
parenchyma cells of leaf midribs tissues using Diene's stain and TEM. Infection of Lemon trees with
Phytoplasma associated witches' Broom was detected by P...
Ahmed A. Azab, Wesam H. Mady, Ali Zanaty, Mahmoud Samir
...for IBV detection by Reverse Transcriptase Real
time PCR (RRT-PCR) using IB specific primers. Comparison of different isolation methods was done
by generating a standard curve by real time PCR.
Results: The results revealed that the propagated virus in CEK showed the highest virus titer (5.952 x
106 and 3.245 x 106) than Vero cell line (7.184 x 101 and 2.14 x 103) and ECE (7.53...
Dina N. Abd-Elshafy
...nd is transmitted from person-to-person
through contaminated food or water. A number of travelers arriving from Egypt were found
infected with HAV upon return to their home countries, for this Egypt Travel made warned
tourists traveling to Egypt to avoid eating under cooked or raw food (especially meat and
eggs) or raw vegetables and drinking...
Maha A. El-Abhar1, Moustafa A. Elkady1, Khaled M. Ghanem2, Hussieny A. Bosila3
... some regions where vectors easily move into potato fields from reservoir host, particularly if a tuber
necrosis-causing strain is involved.
Objective: : The purpose of this study is to characterize biologically and serologically AMV infecting
potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Egypt. Moreover, the study described the histological and cytological
effects of AMV infection in potato leaf cells.
Methods: L...
Dina A. Abdulrahman1, Ayman H. EL-Deeb2, Momtaz A. Shaheen1 & Hussein A. Hussein2
...h the international borders of the endemic countries. Consequently, there is a dire need for
routine molecular characterization of the circulating FMDV strains to ensure the rapid detection of any
new or mutant strains and update the used vaccine accordingly.
Methods: Twelve epithelial samples were collected from cattle showing signs suspecting of FMD.
The samples were tested by real time RT-PCR using unive
Abdou Nagy1, Fatma Abdallah1, Kareem Sweed2, Ahmed Salama3, Mohamed Omar4
...en
(23 broilers and 17 layers) and 8 duck (6 Pekin and 2 Muscovy) flocks and then, tested with
commercial indirect aMPV ELISA.
Results: Five out of 23 broiler, 6 out of 17 layer, 1 out of 6 Pekin duck and 1 out of 2 Muscovy duck
flocks showed positive results. On the other hand, the results showed significant difference in the net
profits as a measure of economic im...
Maha M. Khedr1, Reem A. Suliman1, Marwa F. Mohamed1, Mounir D. El Safty1, Hussein A.
Hussein2
...ificant
numbers of natural infections and disease, mainly infecting the upper respiratory tract, in humans,
domestic pigs, horses, and numerous bird species. Maternal derived antibodies could interfere with the
efficacy of vaccination against avian influenza in early age in chicks.
Methods: Eight groups of one-day old commercial broiler chicks were kept in isolato
Shimaa M. Mansour, Reham M. ElBakrey, Ahmed Orabi, Haytham Ali, Amal A. Eid
...beside the low food conversion rate of chickens within Sharkia Province, Egypt. Moreover, the
obtained data highlight the importance of vertical transmission in the field spread of ARV infections.
...
Hussein A. Hussein, Maha Khedr, Reem A. Suliman, Marwa F. Mohamed, Mounir D. El
Safty
... protective antibody titers and reduce virus shedding.
Methods: Groups of one-day old commercial broiler chicks were divided in to 8 groups 1, 2 and 3 were
vaccinated with a prepared vaccine contain 500HAU of H5N1 reassortant antigen; while group 4, 5 and 6
were vaccinated with an imported reassortant vaccine with 500HAU antigen content of H5N1 at 1, 5 and 10
days of age; respectively. A group 7 was positive chal...
Dalia M. Omar1, Nermeen A. Marden1, Lamiaa M. Gaafar1, Elham A. El-ebiary1, Khalid El-Dougdoug2, Badawi Othman2, Abd Elsattar Arafa3, Hussein A. Hussein4
...ccine studies and to understand
the evolution of Avian influenza viruses overtime.
...
Arslan Mahmood Ahmad1, Muhammad Ameen Jamal1, Abdul Sattar1, Aamir Ghafoor2, Aqeel Javeed3 and Amjad Riaz1*
...e: small;">Zygote, the first step in the life establishment, is sensitive to environmental impact. Any detrimental effect to this unit may lead to major abnormalities in future development. Artificial activation of oocyte is a one of key step in cloning. Strontium chloride (SrCl2), a calcium oscillation inducing salt, is commonly used for the artificial activation mouse oocytes; however, limited reports are available to evaluate its negative impact....
Ruqayya Bint Khalid1, Asif Nadeem1,2*, Maryam Javed1, Muhammad Zubair Shabbir3 and Masroor Ellahi Babar4
... abundant protein of cow’s milk. β-caseingene is highly polymorphic. A1 and A2 are the frequently occurred variants. A1 is recognized as potential cause of several human diseases. It is important to evaluate the A1/A2 β-casein status in milk. Current study was conducted to molecular characterize the exonic regions of β-casein gene and to explore the status of A1/A2 β-casein type in Cholistani cattle breed of Pakistan. Blood samples of...
Abdullah Sheikh1,*, Faisal Almathen1,2 and Hairul Islam Mohamed Ibrahim3,4
...ocess and acts as a precursor for eumelanin or pheomelanin. There have been many studies that reported variations in this gene associate with the coat color of the animal. This is the first study of TYR gene expression analysis from various dromedary or Arabian camel (Camelus dromedarius) phenotypes from Saudi Arabia. The four camel groups included were white, diluted (light brown, creamy and fawn), black and d...
Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) with Special Reference to Pakistan: A Review on its Different Aspects
Sahar Mubashar*, Tariq Mukhtar and Nasir Ahmad Khan
...et testing kits and primers from other countries. Only few quarantine centers are available and there is shortage of drugs, beds, trained doctors and paramedical staff. Unfortunately, no vaccine is available yet so the only management strategy is the prevention of infection by wearing masks and following social distancing. Cleanliness, hygiene and quarantine measures are the key to stop an...
Roheela Yasmeen1*, Nida Mobeen1 and Samia Chaudhry2
...eptor. These ACE2 receptors are also found in heart and are reason for serious cardiovascular disease including myocardial injury. This virus can persuade cardiac damage, arrhythmias, severe coronary syndrome and venous thromboembolic complications. Patients of COVID-19 having already cardiovascular problems showed severe symptoms of this disease and have greater chance of death. This review article especially pays attention...
Zain-Ul-Aabdin Abro1*,Naheed Baloch1, Raza Muhammad Memon2 and Niaz Hussain Khuhro2
...rocera zonata (Saunders) and oriental fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) were monitored from January to December 2018 in guava orchards of the Sindh Pakistan. The investigations were done at different localities of Hyderabad and Larkana using Steiner type traps incorporated with methyl eugenol. The trap catches of B. zonata and B. dorsalis in both climatic zone...
Nehafta Bibi1,2, Faiq Jan3, Munawar Saleem Ahmad4 and Haitao Wang1,5,*
...ases of trials: in the first trial birds were released in an experimental cage and allowed them to accommodate themselves in darkness for 10 min. In the second trial we turned on the dimmer to a given luminance for 2 min. We found that activity threshold for secondary cavity nesting passerines ranged from 0.05 to 0.2 cdm-2 and non-cavity nesting passerines from 22.00 to 16.00 cdm-2. Our results shed light on the questi...
Zahid Mahmood Sarwar1*, Ayub Iqbal Malik1, Maryam Suhail2, Shafqat Saeed3, Muhammad Umair Sial3, Waqar Jaleel4, Muhammad Nadir Naqqash5 and Qamar Saeed1
.../i> i.e. Spodoptera hirsutus is very similar to the Spodoptera litura but easily distinguish on the basis of different characters of genitalia. Specimens of this genus were identified on the base of their genitalia characters. This new species Spodoptera hirsutus was collected from Muzzafarghar with the help of light traps. The abdom...
Wen-Feng Li, Rong-Yue Zhang, Jiong Yin, Hong-Li Shan, Xiao-Yan Cang, Zhi-Ming Luo, Xiao-Yan Wang, Jie Li and Ying-Kun Huang*
...nology for sugarcane borers, promote environmentally friendly control for sugarcane pests, new sex pheromone trap of sugarcane borers, Abamectin•Bacillus thuringiensis and Tebufenozide were selected and applied for control of Sesamia inferens Walker and Argyroploce schistaceana (Snellen). The results showed that new sex pheromone trap of sugarcane borers in combin...
Syed Maaz Nadeem1,*, Muti ur Rehman Khan1, Asim Aslam1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh2, Arfan Ahmad2, Syed Nadeem Mansoor3 and Muhammad Anees4
...ted from proximal tibiotarsus and femur of each of the five healthy and CAV-infected flocks under natural condition. The bone marrow smears were fixed, stained with Romanowsky Giemsa Stain (RGS) and examined under microscope. Results showed a significant difference between the cellularity of normal and CAV-infected birds. While comparing healthy and infected chicken bone marrow, we observed a decreased mean erythroid cell pe...
Akram I. Aboelkhair1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2, Momtaz A. Shahin1 and Hussein A. Hussein2
...a during previous few years, as
LSDV affected sheep poxvirus (SPV) vaccinated cattle,
...
Nagwa K. Meselhy1, Mohamed A. Abo El-khair1, Basem M. Ahmed2, Sherif A. El-Soally3,
Abdelhamid M. Fares1, Mohamed A. Nayel1 and Hussein A. Hussein2
...ly (silently) infected horses is the main cause of circulation of such virus in horses.
Methods: In the present study, molecular characterization of circulating EHV-1 viruses among horses
of equestrian clubs in Egypt was carried out. Sixty-two samples of whole blood with anticoagulant
were collected and screened for EHV-1 using nested PCR that amplify th...
Hanaa A. Elsamadony1, Laila A. Tantawy1, Sabry E. Omar2 and Heba A. Abd Alah1
...hing in this study, that’s we need
to make our vaccine from our strain which circulating in the field with periodic updating.
...
Othman N. O. Mansour 1, Naglaa Hagag 2, Momtaz A. Shahein 1, Sayed S. Hassan 1 Ahmed
A. EL-Sanousi 3 and Mohamed A. Shalaby3
... family which appeared firstly in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. MERS affects the lower
respiratory tract of human. There are many researches which emphasized that camels are carrier for
MERS-CoV.
Objective: This study aim to know the extent of prevalence of new Exotic diseases like ME
Rana A. Rabiea1, Mohamed Fawzy2, Mohamed H. Khodeir3 and MokhtarM. EL-Tarabili2
...ectable TRT antibody titers by SNT in the first week post vaccination as 4 log2
in group-1 and 2 log2 in group-3. Both groups showed peak SNT titer (256 log2) of TRT virus by the
third-week post administration of the second dose and remain stable up to 24 weeks post vaccination.
Follow up avian influenza antibody titers using HI test, peak titer (64 log2...
Ayman S. El-Habbaa1 and Mervat E. Radwan2
...d after detection by reverse transcription-polymerase chain
reaction (RT-PCR) and subsequent gel purification of the amplified products of G gene of BEF virus.
Results: BEF virus was circulating in this region. Sequence analysis of G-gene of this Egyptian strain,
comparing with sequences of BEF virus circulating globally and regained from GenBank, showed
100% nucleotide homology with BEF virus from Egypt 2014 but...
Allam A. Megahed, Badawi A. Othman, Samar S. El Masry, Abeer A. Faiesal and Mohamed A. Nasr Eldin
...s found in potato cultivars worldwide including Egypt. Potato
tubers are a common source of the virus during host cultivations. The yield loss can range from 15% to
45% and heavy losses can occur upon mixed infection with PVM and PVS or PVX.
Objective: The current work aims to characterize the PVM, study cytopathic effect of PVM on
potato tissues, and detection of PVM in commer...
Samira M. Bolis1, Magda Mahmoud2, Salah E. Gumma3, Naser E. Bilal1 and
Isam ElKhidir4
...ged three to fourteen years
old.
Methods: Fourty seven biopsies and oral smears were collected from Children (3 -14) years old, who
attended the pediatric dental clinics of Faculty of Dentistry, University of Khartoum and Khartoum
Dental Teaching Hospital, clinically diagnosed by the dental clincian as FEH ...
Ahmed K. El-Attar1, Samah A. Mokbel1 and Om-Hashem M. EL-Banna2
...andwich (DAS)-ELISA, reverse transcription (RT)-PCR and nucleotide
sequence determination. Ultra-structural responses of basil leaf cells infected with a
morphologically distinct RNA virus, AMV, were studied. Molecular characterization and
phylogenetic analysis were performed for the AMV coat protein (CP) gene. An amplicon of the
predicted size (∼666 bp) derived from O. basilicum isolate was purified and clon...
Riham H. Bassam, Hussein A. Hussein, Mohamed M. Amer, Basem M. Ahmed and Ahmed A. El-Sanousi
...>
including, broilers, layer hens of breeders, backyard chickens and ducks for serosurveillance and
molecular characterization. Also; sequence analysis of the same IBV-positive samples.
Results: flocks had shown high discrepancy of CV% values with regard to ELISA results against IB
virus. Out of 60 flocks tested; 12 were positive to the presence of IBV by rt-RT-PCR despite the fact
Riham H. Bassam, Hussein A. Hussein, Mohamed M. Amer and Ahmed A. El-Sanousi
...>Background: Since the first report concerning the existence of avian influenza subtype H9N2 (AI
H9N2) in 2006 in Lebanon; a lot of pathological changes and mortalities were seen among chicken
flocks suggesting the influence of the AI H9N2 virus.
Objective: this study reports the circulation of H9N2 associated with mortalities in broiler sector and
decrease egg production in layer hens and breede
Aml S. El-Saadany1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2 and Hussien A. Hussien2
...Background: Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) remerged frequently in Egypt, causing serious
economic losses. In Egypt very virulent (vv) IBDV strains are annually reported since its first
introduction in 1989. Variant IBDV strains were also reported in few studies. To date, IBDV
associated with breaks has been characterized in flocks which were vaccinated with classical IBDV
Shimaa M. Gad1, Ahmed A. Kheder1, Mohamed A. Awad 2
...
surveys in flower nurseries and open filed in Giza governorate, it was transmitted from naturally
infected Gazania to healthy periwinkle and other ornamental plants by dodder (Cuscuta reflexa ), and
the leaf hopper (Empoasca decipiens). Free hand sections stained with Diene's stain was used to detect
and differentiate the phloem tissues of leaf sections from infected gazania and periwinkle plants.
Transmissi...
Hanan Sayed1, Mohamed S. Madkour1, Hussein A. Hussein2, Mounir Mohamed Elsaft 3,
Marwa F. El saied3, Ahmed A El-Sanousi2
...on one month after the first vaccination. Humoral immune response was
measured by HI for both H9N2 and LaSota viruses weekly for one and a half month after the booster
vaccination, then monthly until the end of duration. Challenge trials were carried out after a month
from the first vaccination, and after two and six months from the booster vaccination.
Results: Usage of formal...
Hanan Sayed 1, Mohamed S. Madkour 1, Hussein A. Hussein 2, Ahmed A El-Sanousi 2
...after a month from the first vaccination. Humoral immune response
for IBV was measured by ELISA weekly until about one month after the booster vaccination then
periodically till the end of duration. Challenge trial for both IB strain was repeated after a month from
the first vaccination and after two and six months from the booster vaccination.
Results: The use of formalin inac...
Ahmed M. Soliman
...mosaic, yellowing, blisters, shoestring leaf, mottling and stunting in different regions of Al-Ahsaa at Eastern Province in Saudi Arabia was conducted during the spring of 2016 and 2017. The viral isolates were biologically isolated by single chlorotic local lesion on Chenopodium amaranticolor and propagated in healthy Nicotiana benthamiana. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain...
Shimaa A. Khalaf1 , Mohsen M. Elsharkawy2, Samir A. Sidaros2, Shawky A. El Kewey2, Ayman F. Omar2, Ali Hamed1
...nes were assessed by reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) analysis.
Results: Both of virus severity and titer were significantly reduced in treated plants in comparison with the control. All growth characters and yield of cucumber plants were increased in GU23-3 treated plants than the control. RT-PCR analysis revealed increased expressions of different pathogenesis related genes (Chitinase, β 1-3 Glucanase, P...
Youssef A. Elgharbawy1, Mervat M. Ali1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2, Mohamed A. Shalaby2
...e process last for 18 hours with 1% concentration of BEI at 37°c. The inactivated LSDV tested on MDBK cells and the animals free of antibodies for residual live virus and determination of minimal protective dose (MPD) of prepared inactivated LSDV. The MPD was 1.5 ml of the inactivated virus and the vaccine was prepared by adding equal volume of the adjuvants (Montanide ISA 50 and Montanide ISA 206 ) to the total quantity 3ml of the vaccine. The prepared va...
Abdelaziz A. Yassin, Ayman H. El Deeb, Abeer E. Mansour, Hussein A. Hussein
...ne. Whereas the peak titers for antibodies were reported at the 28th day post vaccination. Indeed, the study reports the role of ail adjuvant in stimulating the cellular response for inactivated vaccine....
Huda S. Darwish 1, Om-hashem M. El-Banna2, Mohamed S. Abbas3, Hoda M. Waziri 1, Maisa A. Awad1
...d: Tomato (Solanum lycopersicon) is affected by many biotic and abiotic stresses which
became major limiting factors for growth, fruit yield quality and quantity. Tomato ringspot virus
(ToRSV) is considered one of the most devastating members of the genus Nepovirus and distributed in
Wesley D. Nafarnda, Japhet H. Baraya, Olatunde H. Olabode, Malang K. Simon
...es that
hampers poultry productivity. Oral Newcastle Disease (ND) vaccination has been documented as a
method for control of the disease with varied effects in scavenging rural poultry especially in Nigeria.
Aim: This cross sectional study was conducted to establish the impact of V4 thermostable ND
vaccination on rural poultry productivity using corn bran (dusa) as alternative vaccine carrier in five
...
Hadeer M. Mossa, Ausama A. Yousif, Emad A. Aboelsoud, Mahmoud El Gamal, Ahmed El-
Sanousi
...
after 72 hours as cell rounding, cell aggregation and cell degeneration with titer of 105.5TCID50/ml,
DNA extraction and PCR for the candidate strain was performed using universal and specific primers
for virus identification and confirmation. The size of the produced amplicons was 192 pb for the
universal...
Ahmed A. ElWakil1, Ausama A. Yousif2 , Adel A. Fayed3, Ibrahim M. elsabagh2, Mahmoud
El Gamal2, Omnia H. Refaei3
... ticks. Transstadial occurs when virus remains with vector from
one life stage to the next and transovarian is transmission of virus from parent vector to its egg.
Objective: Investigation of LSDV replication capacity in ticks uses targeted detection of the viral
DNA polymerase mRNA and metagenomics analysis using MinIon technology.
Methods: A total of 34 adult female ticks were collected from three LSD clinicall...
Mohamed M. Mashaly1, Ayman H. El-Deeb2, Momtaz A. Shahein1, Hussein A. Hussein2
...at intervals up to 24 hours and titrating the virus culture. To confirm LSDV
accumulated in cell cultures, molecular identification is required; we carried Real-time PCR.
Results: This study has revealed that the virus culture period until 95% CPE was 48hr for MDBK and
72hr for Vero culture. The significant difference in growth behavior could be found between its growth
on MDBK and Vero cells that it reaches its ...
Shourok E. Aly 1, Karim Zaki1, Soad E. Elsayed2, M. Elgamal2, Ausama A. Yousef1, Mohamed A. Shalaby1
... through ultrasonic dispersion of aluminum
hydroxide adjuvant.
Methods: This was achieved by ultrasonication of aluminum hydroxide gel in the presence of
trehalose as dispersant and measuring different physical characters including particle size, Zeta
potential, loading capacity and imaging of adjuvant before and after formulation.
Karim M. Selim1, Abdullah A. Selim1, abdelsattar Arafa1, Hussein A. Hussein2, Ahmed A. El-Sanousi2
... The
parameters used in this evaluation are the antibody immune response using hemagglutination
inhibition (HI) assay, protection post challenge, virus shedding and transmission in contact
non vaccinated chickens using qRT-PCR test.The genotype VII (GVII) vaccine group
induced higher HI titer by using GVII monospecific antigen and decreased virus shedding
than other group. The vaccinated group with ge...
Samah A. Mokbel, Eman A. Ahmed, Hanan F. El-Kammar, Ahmed A. Kheder
...ves has been done by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR),
and the appearance of 678 bp bands confirmed the expected size of such gene. Light and transmission
electron microscopy were used to study the cytological and histological changes that occurred in the
leaves of the sugar beet plant by the pathogen, as well as, to determine some morphometric parameters
Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1*, Samra Ammara1, Muhammad Sikander Hayyat1, Shahbaz Hussain2, Muhammad Mansoor Javaid1, Abdul Rehman1 and Amjed Ali1
...) at Research Area, University of Sargodha during spring 2015. The studies consisted of seven herbicide treatments, viz. lactofen complete dose (180 g a.i. ha-1) alone, lactofen complete dose + adjuvant, lactofen 80% dose alone, lactofen 80% dose + adjuvant, lactofen 60% dose alone, lactofen 60% dose + adjuvant and a control (no herbicide). It was found that lactofen full dose with and without adjuvant attained significantly the lowest R. capitata dry weight a...
Moazama Batool1*, Sajid Abdullah2, Huma Naz3, Mubashar Hussain4, Sadia Maalik1, Sajida Mushtaq1, Tanveer Ahmed5 and Laiba Shafique6
...d intake (FI), feed conversion ratio (FCR) and specific growth rate (SGR) were determined. The control fish (unstressed) had significantly higher WG followed by Cr and Cd test mediums. The FI by C. marulius was significantly higher as 12.83±0.07 g in Cr followed by Cd (12.14±0.05 g) and control (9.57±0.364) medium. However, FI by W. attu was higher in control (15.30±0.40) followed by Cr (13.08±0.06) and Cd (11.98±0.03)...
Gulnaz Ismaylova
...out. Orosanga japonica first recorded on Morus sp. in the Sheki-Zagatala region located in the northwest, and then in the Khachmaz region, located in the northeast of Azerbaijan. Representatives of this family have not yet been registered in Azerbaijan. Besides of mulberry, the pest was registered in 11 more plant species. The article provides information on the distribution, phenology and plants affected by the pest. Both nymphs and adults of O.japonica cause...
Aliya Munir1, Sajid Abdullah1*, Huma Naz2*, Khalid Abbas1, Tanveer Ahmed3 and Zahid Farooq2
...Oxidative stress biomarkers like antioxidants enzymes have been successfully used in ecotoxicology field for evaluating the stress response of organisms exposed to pollutants. Therefore, this work was designed to evaluate the peroxidase (POx) level in kiney, gills and liver of fish Channa striata exposed to LC50 concentration (1.374µgL-1) of deltamethrin+endosulfan (DM+ES) mixture for 4-day. Sampling was performed after a 24-hr period. Fish were sacrific...
Ljupco Angelovski*, Zagorka Popova, Katerina Blagoevska, Sandra Mojsova, Marija Ratkova Manovska, Mirko Prodanov, Dean Jankuloski, Pavle Sekulovski
Nadeem Anwar1, Muhammad Luqman2*, Shaoib Nasir3, Moazzam Sabir1, Hafiz Bashir Ahmad4 and Saleem Ashraf5
... behavior of citrus growers on their socio-economic development. This research was conducted in district Sargodha, the hub of citrus production. The findings of the study indicate regarding harvesting behavior of the farmers that they do not harvest the fruit by their own. Only a small number of the citrus growers harvest the fruit by their own. Majority of the farme<...
Zainab Iftikhar, Muhammad Arif, Iqbal Munir and Sajid Ali
...tates exploration of diversity in crop duration parameters in wheat with particular emphasis on novel sources of genetic variation, including hybrid wheat. The present work was designed to assess the potential of Chinese wheat hybrid germplasm for cultivation across Pakistan. For this purpose, 416 hybrids were assessed for diversity in crop duration parameters
Bakhtiar Gul*, Saleetha Rabial and Haroon Khan
...; Weed Science, The University of Agriculture Peshawar to investigate the effect of herbicides on the management, growth and reproduction of duckweed (Lemna minor). The experiment was laid out in Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with three replecations and various herbicidal treatments. Duckweed was collected from fresh water bodies and transferred to the experimental units (pots). Data were recordrd on fresh biomass, budding (%), duckweed mortality (%...
Muhammad Nasir1, Muhammad Usman Asif2*, Abdul Hayee Abid1, Qurat ul Ain Haneef1 and Muhammad Awais2
...ation to weather parameters was conducted in four tehsils viz. Alipur, Jatoi, Kot Addu and Muzaffargarh of district Muzaffargarh (Punjab, Pakistan). In each tehsil pest scouting was conducted in 40-50 spots (five acres each) per week selected randomly starting from 1st June to 30th October each year. Hot spots (pest incidence at and above Economic Threshold level, ETL) for each tehsil were determined weekly, and then the combined infestation was calculated at ...
Ramazan Erdogan1*, Mikail Tel2, Vedat Cinar2 and Ragip Pala2
...e GLUT-4 and ZAG parameters. There was no change in ATGL and IRS-1 with AE, but an increase in ATGL IRS-1 level with CE. In zinc picolinate plus exercise groups. ATGL, GLUT-4, IRS-1 and ZAG increased with both acute and chronic exercises and FAS le...
Ayesha Manzoor1, Muhammad Saqib Naveed1, Sayed Rashad Ali1, Danish Ibrar2, Sairah Syed1, Sharmin Ashraf1 and Rafiq Ahmed1*
... crop production for famers and is a foundation of any crop species. Root to seed method is widely used in Pakistan for radish seed production but still low and inferior quality seed is being produced that cause a significant loss in yield due to lack of standardization of seed production technology.Therefore, to improve seed yield and quality, present research was conducted toevaluate the effect of steckling size on plant growth and seed yield of radish.Steck...
Pukhtoon Yar1*, Salman Khan2, Du Ying1 and Muhammad Israr3
...kistan Economic Corridor’s (CPEC) role in addressing these issues. The agriculture sector is playing a major role in the economic development of Pakistan and this sector has greatly sustained rural livelihood. There are three various stages for the successful execution of the projects under the umbrella of CPEC. The agriculture sector would be directly or indirectly benefited from these projects, currently ongoing under CPEC. Over the last several decade...
Ameer Hamza1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor Us-Sabah1, Ghulam Sarwar1 and Muhammad Luqman2,*
...y water compels the farmers to use brackish water. Use of saline water along with leaching fraction could be useful by keeping low concentration of salts in the root surrounding area. This study assessed the role of leaching in alleviating the negative effect of saline water on soil characteristics. Results of the studies indicated that 6.57% reduction in soil pH (7.6), 46.06% reduction in EC (1.3 dS m-1), and 46.41% reduction in SAR (5.3) while 17.34%, 5.4% a...
Shakeel Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2*, Muhammad Amin3, Muhammad Sadiq Hashmi4, Nafees Ahmad5 and Rasheed Ahmad6
...istan are rich in biodiversity and provide fragmented and fragile ecosystem services while vulnerability to the rapid changes in LULC with irreversible impacts on ecosystems, especially in district Shangla. Real-time monitoring and assessment are essential to understand such changes in LULC. In the current study, spatio-temporal changes of LULC were obtained from MODIS (MCD12Q1) product fr...
Md. Sahidur Rahman1*, Tishita Ape1, Md. Islam1 and Sharmin Chowdhury2
...al study to assess the perspective of dairy farmers regarding antibiotic use as well as its residual and resistance effect. We collected data from 101 dairy farmers in Chattogram, Bangladesh. The results revealed that ceftriaxone, gentamicin, streptopenicillin, amoxicillin, and sulfur drugs were the most frequently used antibiotics in the study area. Among the participants, 99% did not fol...
Khawaja Adeel Tariq1*, Hadhi Hassan Khan2, Shuja Zaib Afghan3 and Arslan Raza4
..., City. The selected intersections are Chan Da Qila, Kangniwala Bypass and Sialkot Bypass. The research is performed to identify the existing and future traffic operations at theses intersections. The selected intersections are mostly used by traffic coming to Gujranwala City or moving towards neighboring cities of Daska and Sialkot. The Gujranwala City is also connected with neighboring c...
Jehan Dastagir, Muhammad Amir*, Bilal Ur Rehman, Shahid Hameed and Majad Ashraf
...xisting TCP protocols. Firstly, the proposed approach looks into various queue limits e.g. Drop Tail and RED. Evidently, a comparison of these two queue limits vividly demonstrates that RED demonstrates a better performance when it comes to attainment of optimized TCP congestion control. This investigation is naturally followed by simulating different TCP versions such as TCP Tahoe, TCP Sack, TCP NewReno, TCP Reno and TCP We...
Mian Ibad Ali Shah*, Yasir Saleem Afridi and Laiq Hasan
...ion was requested to understand the novel coronavirus using a global call. In response to but not limited to the call and extending the work to similar global pandemics, this work has been conducted on a dataset acquired from Pakistan’s COVID data. Analysis of the statistics and trends has been carried out and recommendations regarding the precautionary measures and implementation of controlling techniques for new case...
Reema Zia* and Noor Paio Khan
...intervention in Pakistan’s rice sector and draw policy implications for possible adjustments in policies and future strategy. The quantitative analyses of PSE and SRP reveals overall transfers from rice producers to society. The analysis depicts Pakistan’s stronger position towards WTO trade liberalization in the rice sector. Pakistan would n...
Iftikhar ud Din* and Yousaf Hayat
... illustration three factors are considered in a factorial arrangement in completely randomized design (CRD). For the two levels of each irrigation, varieties, and five types of nitrogen sources, all combination of their levels are considered to measure two linear related responses yield and plant height. Data on two parameters (say plant height and yield) are simulated with varying magnitude (low, moderate, and high) of corr...
Ghani Akbar*, Muhammad Asif and Zafar Islam
...off-season tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) and cucumber (Cucumis sativus) under tunnel farming compared with traditional open-air farming method in Potohar, a rainfed area in Pakistan. The results indicated increased production potential per unit of land (46%) and per unit of water (74%) and larger farm income (3.47 BCR) than the traditional open-air farming method. These production benefits can be instrumental in improving livelihood and nutrition of r...
Nusrat Habib
... regions due to Pakistan’s limited livelihood opportunities. Climate change impact is gendered in the real sense. This study is designed to analyze women’s livelihood situation in mountainous regions in the face of climate change with a qualitative methodology. Focus group discussions, participatory observations, and key informant interviews were used in collecting women’...
Song Jiang1,2,3, Xianbin Mo1,2, Falin Zhou2,3, Jianhua Huang2,3, Qibin Yang2,3, Lishi Yang2,3 and Shigui Jiang2,3*
...lyze the genetic parameters of body weight and survival traits, as well as the interaction effect of genotype and environment. The results showed that the average body weight and survival rate of P. monodon in Diet A group were higher than those of Diet B group, and the heritability of P. monodon in Diet A and Diet B group was 0.53±0.12 and 0.39±0.09, respectively, which belonged to high heritability, and the heritability of surviva...
Bingjie Zhou1, Hitesh Bhagavanbhai Mangukiya1, Siva Bharath Merugu1, Fakhar-un-Nisa Yunus1, Yuchen Fan1, Zhenghua Wu1,* and Dawei Li1,2,*
...space of solid tumor interstitial fluids. The intracellular AGR2 is critical in protein folding while secreted AGR2 function as a paracrine signal promoting tumor microenvironment formation. Beside cancer progression and drug resistance, the abnormal expression of AGR2 is also involved in diseases like asthma and inflammatory bowel disease. Studies on the role of AGR2 in tumor micro-environment can help potential therapeutic development. Here, we report the ge...
Jing Yu1*, Yao Lu1,2, Zhaojin Lin1, Pimao Chen1 and Yuting Feng1,3
...he Western Guangdong Waters.
...
Liangkun Pan1, Qun-Lan Zhou1*, Bo Liu1, Jiaxing Yan2 and Ajun Sun1
...t based on the alpha-diversity and the cluster results. Dominant microbioorganisms of blunt snout bream at genus level were Cetobacterium spp., Lactococcus spp., CK-1C4-19, Rhodobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp. Meanwhile it was found out that Lactococcus spp. preferred the foregut, while Cetobacterium spp. and Flavobacterium spp. preferred the hindgut. Dominant bacteria preferred different g...
Syed Ismat Hussain1, Khalid Mehmood2, Mudassar Khaliq3, Habib Anwar1, Syed Muhammad Zaka4, Ateeq ur Rehman5*, Muhammad Shahid6, Syed Atif Hasan Naqvi5*, Ummad ud Din Umar5 and Muhammad Asif Zulfiqar7
...llected of each district’s head quarter on daily basis for the year 2017. For accumulation of degree days model, Huber’s method was adopted and data for calculation of generations by accumulating progressive degree days was observed highly significant i.e., P>0.0001. In the present study, the accumulation of degree days for its forecasting was calculated from 1st January by using the metrological data and base...
Muhammad Rafique1, Muhammad Azhar Iqbal2, Inam Ul Haq1*, Muhammad Ramzan Anser2, Humara Umar2 and Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah2
... lux) produced more numbers of roots, with early initiation in both varieties. Variation in varietal performance was observed under different treatments however 8000 lux light gave better results in all the parameters....
Rupinder Kaur1,2*, Pretty Bhalla3, Jubin Kumar Saini4 and Sayeeduzzafar Qazi5
...silent on various stressors associated with the role of government agricultural extension officials, which is one of the most important components of the entire agricultural system. The purpose of this exploratory study is to fill this gap with the identification of potential work stressors for this profession. The paper also aims to investigate whether employment type (permanent or temporary) affects the level of role stre...
Hina Afzal*, Sarfraz Hassan, Muhammad Khalid Bashir and Asghar Ali
...g standards. Agriculture’s Total Factor Productivity (TFP) is one of the major sources of production growth. It assesses influence of the economic and technical efficiency in the production of the desired output by combining factor inputs. The study focused on estimating total factor productivity growth in Pakistan’s economy and particularly in the agriculture sector. For this purpose, the study utilizes the grow...
Aamer Abbas1, Jabbar Khan1*, Mir Abid Hassan2, Asif Qayyum3 and Hamed Shafiq4
...: small;">Metals can adversely affect the size of testis, the normal process of spermatogenesis and quality of semen. Moreover, metals can lead to decreased or no production of prostaglandin, seminal fluid and endocrinology of reproductive process and thus results in male infertility. It was also here attempted to characterize the drastic effects of heavy metals on male infertility, the hormone analysis and genetic determination of SRY gene as some of i...
Guan-bao Ning1, Sheng Niu1, Yue-jian Li1,2, Xiao-xiao Lu1,3, Shi-xiong Yang1, Ali-Raza Jahejo1, Ding Zhang1, Wei-fang Hao4, Wen-wei Gao1, Yu-jun Zhao1, Jian-hui Li1, Fang Yan1, Rong-kun Gao1, Yu-hai Bi1,5, Wen-xia Tian1* and Ling-xia Han6*
...font-size: small;">Marek’s disease virus (MDV) is a highly cell-associated, oncogenic alpha herpesvirus that causes Marek’s disease (MD) in chickens. Chicken erythrocytes are nucleated cells of myeloid origin which contribute to gases exchange, transportation and immunity. The objective of this study was to reveal the immune responses of MDV-infected erythrocytes of chicken by transcriptome analysis. Twenty speci...
Dilan Ozmen Ozgun1, Gonca Alak2, Arzu Ucar2, Sinan Bilginer3, Halise Inci Gul3, Mahmut Kocaman2, Cem Yamalı3, Veysel Parlak2, Muhammed Atamanalp2, Ahmad Maslat4 and Telat Yanık2*
..., B4, for 7h at first experiment. Effects of B4 on antioxidant enzymes of gill and liver, and changes in hematological parameters were determined in rainbow trout. For this purpose, rainbow trout alevins were exposed to 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1 and 2.5 mg/L of B4 and 1 ml of DMSO for 96 hours. Blood samples were collected for hematological analyzes and mortalities were recorded daily. Exposu...
Jie Gao1, Guannan Wang1, Chuang Zhou1, Megan Price2, Jinnan Ma1, Xiaohong Sun1, Benping Chen3, Xiuyue Zhang2 and Bisong Yue1*
...to the multi-clade babblers within Passeriformes. The complete mitochondrial genome of F. cinereiceps is lacking although there has been considerable phylogenetic research on babblers. Therefore, we aimed to determine F. cinereiceps’ mitogenome and investigate its phylogenetic relationships within the babblers and superfamily Sylvioid...
Donglai Li1,Mei Han1,Huw Lloyd2, Linyu Jin1, Lei Zhang1, Jiangxia Yin1 and Dongmei Wan1*
...explore parental behaviours within the context of extra-pair patenity (EPP) in a population of the varied tit Parus varius in China. The results showed that 39.5% of nests were cuckolded and 16.4% of chicks were sired by extra-pair males. We found no evidence that male and female varied tits reduced their feeding rates or relative feeding effort to EPP broods, or that they decreased provisioning for EPY in mixed broods. There was also no direct effect o...
Muhammad Noman Koondhar1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1,*, Muhammad Ammar Khan2, Riaz Ahmed Leghari3 and Parkash Dewani4
...monella serovars was done using the standard procedure, while antimicrobial profile was illuminated using the disk diffusion method. The results indicated that 21.34% beef samples exhibited the Salmonella contamination. The statistical analysis exhibited a significantly higher (p< 0.05) prevalence rate in minced beef (28%) and lymph nodes (24%) as compared to the muscles (12%). The...
Hassan Shahzad Khan1, Muhammad Tariq1*, Tariq Mukhtar2 and Asim Gulzar1
...rtality of both the instars of the mosquito. Bakain and neem extracts showed the minimum LC50 values after 72 h of application followed by garlic against the 3rd instar A. albopictus larvae. In case of green synthesized silver nanoparticles, the minimum LC50 values after 72 h were recorded with neem, bakain and garlic while the values were maximum in the case of clove, bitter gourd and datura. Similar trend of LC50<...
Houqiang Luo1*, Yanfang Lan2, Ping Gan3, Wenjun Zhou4, Meng Wang1,
Bing Hu5, Zhuning Zhang5, Yu Bai1* and Kun Li6*
...s, especially to pet owners.
...
Wenjuan Yan1, Qunlan Zhou2, Bo Liu2,3*, Cunxin Sun2, Huimin Zhang3 and Changyou Song2
...ntake (FI) and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Meanwhile, I. cicadae significantly increased plasma ALT activity, urea nitrogen, total protein, albumin and globulin contents, while significantly decreased AST activity in 400 mg Kg-1 group. Haemolymph SOD and GSH-PX activity was enhanced significantly in 400 and 800 mg Kg-1 group, respectively, while MDA content was significantly decrease in these two groups. I. cicadae did not ...
Song Jiang1,2,3, Ming-ge Zhuang1,2,3, Fa-lin Zhou1,2, Qi-bin Yang1, Jian-hua Huang1, Li-shi Yang1 and Shi-gui Jiang1*
...he trend of increasing firstly and then decreasing, which reflected reproductive performance of the parent shrimps and was suggested to be an indicator of reproductive performance for selective breeding. As a result, P. tschiliensis is a suitable substitute of N. succinea based on its effect on the reproductive traits and VTG mRNA expression level in parent shrimps of P. monodon.
...
Muhammad Khaled Siddiq1, Muhammad Adeeb Babar1,2*, Muhammad Akbar Khan1, Muhammad Umar Ijaz3,Sayyed Ghyour Abbas1, Muhammad Asim1, Asif Mahmood Qureshi4, Mahboob Iqbal4 and Muhammad Akhtar4
...nd in Pakistan for the first time, and add substantial knowledge on the anatomical features of Bu. platyceros. Bubalus jarikasensis erected by Akhtar in 2002 is reviewed in this paper and synonymized to Bu. platyceros.
...
Sami Ullah1, Bernhard Brümmer2 and Umar Ijaz Ahmed1*
...ical information to farmers which enhance their skills and in turn farm productivity. Livestock sector in the main sub sector of agriculture in Pakistan that contributes nearly 60% to agricultural value addition. In this study, we investigated the effects of extension services on market oriented dairy farms’ technical efficiency in Pakistan. The data was collected from 345 dairy farmers<...
Haroon Ur Rashid1*, Nazia Tahir2, Muhammad Zamin3, Naveed Shehzad4, Aman Ullah2, Bibi Zainub5 and Farooq Azam6
...an during spring both years 2014 and 2015. The experiment was laid out at silt loam soil in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with a split plot arrangement having three (03) replications. Different tillage regimes namely minimum, conventional, and deep tillage regimes were assigned to main plots (Factor A) and various allelopathic plants [Sorghum {Sorghum bicolor (L.) Conard Moench.}, Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and Parthenium (Parthenium hysteropho...
Muhammad Jan1*, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah1, Shoaib Akhtar1, Inam Ul Haq2, Muhammad Ramzan Anser1 and Iqra Yasmin1
...revious one decade. Farmers have a lack of trend for fertilizer application to Olive orchards in a proper dose. Olive intensification for new orchard enhanced fertilizer use especially Nitrogen (N), Phosphorus (P) and Potassium (K) and in micronutrients especially Boron (B) to control alternate bearing of olive. In Pakistan, olive plantation is an initiative to minimize the Olive import, and to maximize olive plantation in Pothwar area as well as control clima...
Sana Javeid* and Khalid Nawab
...ls of apple orchard growers and association of different extension services with poverty in district Bagh, Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K). Primary data from 306 respondents were collected using multistage simple random sampling techniques. The data were collected using an interview schedule; analysis were carried out by using cross-tabulation, frequency counts, percentages through Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). To measure the poverty level ...
Nianhong Huang, Yan Wu, Yuanyuan Li* and Jinhong Zhao*
...ecificity. This is the first time to report the infection of Hepatozoon sp. in Naja atra for the endemic species in Chinaand increases the number of known host species. Morphological and molecular analysis of Hepatozoon sp. establishes a basis for identification of the genera Hepatozoon, increasing protection and prevention of parasitic diseases of snakes.
...
Nabila Kousar1, Tanzeela Riaz2, Anum Feroz1, Abdul Rauf Shakoori3 and Farah Rauf Shakoori1*
...inst 4th instars of insecticide resistant populations of Trogoderma granarium collected from godowns of Gujranwala (GUW), D.G. khan (DGK), Okara (OKR), Lahore (LAB-S) and Layyah. The LC50 values of deltamethrin against 4th instar larvae of GUW, DGK, OKR, Layyah and LAB-S were 514, 353, 303, 189 and 98 ppm respectively while for the DE these values were 3606, 2684, 2407, 2192 and 2065 ppm, respectively. Based on the value...
Atta Muhammad Memon1, Ubedullah Kaka2*, Muhammad Umer3, Asghar Ali Kamboh4, Atique Ahmed Behan5, Habibullah Janyaro6, Yong Meng Goh7, Amir Bukhsh Kalhoro6, Jalila Abu8, Khaleeq ur Rehman Bhutto9 and Arsalan Maqbool10
...ducted to assess the reversal effects of atipamezole administered at the first sign of recovery on medetomidine-ketamine anaesthesia in pigeons. Twelve pigeons were administered with 1) medetomidine as a pre-anaesthetic at 120 µg/Kg, followed 10 min later by ketamine at 30 mg/Kg (MK group) and 2) Medetomidine and ketamine followed by atipamezole (MKA group). Medetomidine produced moderate sedation within 3.08 ± ...
Pengfei Liu*, Xuexue Qin and Fei Shang
...ting site selection favours coexisting of these two species. We determined the breeding time, reproductive success and nesting characteristics through field works, our results revealed highly difference in nest height above the ground and different preference for nesting plants between the two species. However, the nest predation rate and breeding success were not different significantly. Our study suggested that the space segregation of nesting site contribut...
Muhammad Mobashar1, Qazi Aqeel1, Muhammad Tahir Khan1, Assar Ali Shah2*, Ahmed A.A. Abdel-Wareth3, Salman Khan4, Nazir Ahmad1, Sami Ullah1 and Haq Amanullah5
...aily gain, and feed conversion efficiency were not affected. It is concluded that the dietary supplementation of alfalfa and Prangos pabularia hay increase the dry matter intake, digestibility and growth performance of Kari sheep.
...
Fahrauk Faramayuda1,2*, Totik Sri Mariani3, Elfahmi1,4 and Sukrasno1
...align: justify;">The cat’s whiskers plant (Orthosiphon aristatus Blume Miq) is empirically used in Indonesia, Malaysia, Australia, and Southern Asia as an antibacterial, antidiabetic, antihypertensive anti-inflammatory. The country of Indonesia has three varieties of O. aristatus, namely purple, white-purple and white. The purple and white-purple population has started to decline. Efforts are needed to maintain the two...
Khalid Mehmood1*, Abdul Rehman2 and Ammara Khan1
...d identification of factors affecting the adoption of improved groundnut varieties in Pakistan. An extensive field survey was conducted during 2019 to collect the data from the farmers of Potwar Plateau of Pakistan. Farmers’ preferences and perceptions of varietal characteristics were investigated. The elasticity of production was measured to compa...
Muhammad Madni Afzal1*, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Amer Habib1, Waqas Ashraf2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan3, Muhammad Raheel2 and Qaiser Shakeel2
... in the soil for many years without having a host. Many fungicides are available in the market to control the basal rot of onion which contain hazardous material that continuously destroys the environment and human health. The objective of the present study was to evaluate the fungicidal efficacy of desert plant extracts against basal rot of onion in the laboratory, greenhouse and field. Completely randomized design (CRD) was used for in-vitro study and random...
Ghulam Muhiyuddin Kaloi1* and Mehrunisa Memon2
...es of inorganic fertilizers (0, 1/3rd, 2/3rd and full) besides additional control (full recommended NPK). A total of 12 irrigations of wastewater were applied after two months of planting up to harvest of sugarcane (CPF-237). Application of 10% wastewater did not show any adverse effect on sugarcane quality and soil health rather improved juice quality and soil fertility. It gave maximum sugar recovery (12.27%) and sugar yie...
Javed Anwar Shah1, Azhar Iqbal1, Muhammad Tariq Mahmood2, Muhammad Aslam3, Muneer Abbas4 and Ilyas Ahmad5*
...esses. Among biotic factors chickpea blight is most important factor responsible for drastic decline in productivity. Other disease management approaches are not more efficient and economical except to exploit the host plant resistance mechanism. The present study for screening of 60 elite chickpea lines was carried out for two consecutive years during 2017-18 and 2018-19 under controlled environment at pulses research Insti...
Pir Meher Ali Shah1*, Shahryar Shafique Qureshi1, Rizwan Aslam Butt2, Haider Ali3 and Shahid Khan4
...RRUs near the subscriber’s premises. The proposed model is analyzed in Optisystem, and it is observed to support 40 Gbps of data, over 4 km length of FSO. ...
Asim Mushtaq1*, Asra Nafees1, Raza Muhammad Khan1, Amina Israr1 and Zaeem Uddin Ali2
...font-size: small;">Polymers can contribute to the strength and flexibility of concrete formulations. A freshly assorted cement-based material is a particulate suspension far from its equilibrium state and possesses very non-linear and irreversible characteristics. The pavements made by bituminous and the requirement of continuous maintenance and even constructing it again guide us towards the cement concrete pavements. Cemen...
Shoaib Khan1, Sida Hussain2, Amir Naveed1*, Nazia Wali3, Zafar Ullah1, Muhammad Arif1, Muhammad Sadiq4 and Muhammad Asif5
... the main focus in today’s world for scientists and engineers due to global climate issues. Energy extracted from wind and solar are the two most established ones as more than 5% of electricity is produced from wind globally. This paper gives insight knowledge to the energy planners for developing a cost-effective way to mitigate the electricity problems in low-income areas by incorp...
Gulzar Ullah* and Gohar Ayub
...no heat pretreatment,10 hrs,15 hrs and 20 hrs) on three tomato varieties (Roma, Rio Grande and Yaqui) sown at Horticulture Research Farm, Department of Horticulture, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during 2017 and 2018. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) in growth chamber before transplantation and Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with two ...
Hina Fatima1*, Bushra Yasmin2 and Lal Khan Almas3
...need of time to get farmers involved in advanced and intensive farming techniques to attain self-sufficiency in production. This study conducted the efficiency and productivity analysis by applying the parametric and non-parametric techniques to evaluate the optimal utilization of farm resources in multiple cropping system and the efficiency gains from tunnel technology. The data were collected from 150 multiple bitter gourd-capsicum cropping system farms. The...
M. Azam, Iqtidar Hussaian*, Ghazanfar ullah, A.A. Khakwani, M.S. Baloch, K. Waseem, M. Amjed Nadeem and M.K. Javaid
... Agriculture, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan during 2017. The experiment was laid out in a Randomized complete block design with three replications, because of two factors and four levels of each; split plot design was carried out. Main plots were assigned seedlings hill-1 viz. 1, 2, 3 and 4 seedlings, while sub-plots were of four different transplanting dates i.e. 18th July, 25th July, 1st August and 8th August. Data wa...
Muzamil Farooque Jamali1, Fayaz Ali Jamali1, Tanveer Fatima Miano1, Zulfiqar Ali Abbasi2, Sohail Ahmed Otho3, Khalid Hussain Talpur4, Niaz Ahmed Wahocho1 and Muhammad Iqbal Jakhro5*
...here two marigold cultivars (V1 = African orange and V2= Dwarf double mix) were subjected to salinity stress condition (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 dS m-1). The results exhibited that salt stress revealed adverse effect on all the parameters of both of the varieties of marigold. The plants irrigated with canal water (control) having EC of 0.7 dSm-1 showed better results for both seed and flowering re...
Arshad Khan1, Mohammad Ihsan1, Ali Hazrat1*, Mohammad Nisar1, Muhammad Laiq1, Maryam Bibi1, Nasir Ali2, Ulfat Naz1, Muhammad Zakria1, Nausheen Nazir3, Adam Khan4 and Muhammad Asif Nawaz5
...tive). A significant diversity was found for leaf length with the range of 4 to 15 cm, leaf width 1 to 7.0 cm, petiole length range from 0.5 to 4.5cm.The internodes length ranged from 0.5cm to 6. The seed length ranged from 4 to 11mm. The 100 seed weight ranged from 7.7 to 48g. Correlation analysis revealed that leaf width was strongly significant with leaf length (0.454**), 100 seed weight with leaf length (0.289**), seed width was also found strongly signifi...
Izaz Hussain, Ahmad Khan* and Habib Akbar
...read application by farmers as a source of nutrients. With the objectives of improving soil mineral N availability and its impact on maize growth, two years field experiments were conducted at the University of Agriculture Peshawar in 2017 and 2018. The experiment included three factors i.e. beneficial microbe (BM: 25 and 50 L ha-1) as effective microbes...
Masudul Haq Wani and Arshad Bhat*
Hafsa Naheed* and Hidayat-Ur-Rahman
...lines and 5 check cultivars), a multi-environment experiment was conducted at three locations for two years; The University of Agriculture, Peshawar; Agriculture Research Station, Baffa, Mansehra; Agriculture Research Station, Buner; and at one location for one year; Agriculture Research Station , Kohat, during 2016-17 and 2017-18. Data were recorded on tillers
Sajid Abdullah1*, Huma Naz2*, Zunera Abbas1, Uzma Nazir1, Mehrunisa Basharat1, Tanveer Ahmed3, Adnan Ahmad Qazi2
...stems using fish biomarkers.
Novelty Statement | The study is novel for detecting the genetic damage at cellular level of fish (Wallago attu) caused by heavy metals and industrial toxicants in water.
...
Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Afzal2
...ecticide compared to others. Our findings indicate that imidacloprid can be considered the best insecticide for managing CLM and ACP population in an integrated approach.
Novelty Statement | The present study will be helpful in the selection of effective insecticide for the management of two major insect pests of citrus orchards.
...
Tanzeela Riaz1, Farah Rauf Shakoori2*, Syed Shahid Ali2 and Mushtaq Ahmad Saleem1
...tions in two larval instars (4th and 6th) of the khapra beetle, Trogoderma granarium, at different exposure periods (24-120 h) was determined. Two populations of khapra beetle used in this research possessed different levels of susceptibility to phosphine. Based on LC50 one population was termed as a susceptible population (never exposed to phosphine previously) while the other was a tolerant population (having a history...
Ahmet Arpacık
...le="font-size: small;">Dorsal guard hairs from three canid species that included red fox (Vulpes vulpes), golden jackal (Canis aureus), and gray wolf (Canis lupus) found in Turkey were characterized using light microscopy to study hair features, including cuticle and medullary patterns, medullary index, and hair length and root. The morphological features of the medulla and cuticle structures were quite ...
Zunaira Noreen* and Khawar Sultan
...is attracting large numbers of wild avifauna for food subsidies and transforming landfills into new habitats by changing the wild profile of native species. This study aims to establish the baseline situation of avian diversity and abundance on various land uses including the landfill at Gujranwala in northeastern Punjab, Pakistan, and understanding the impact of urban solid waste in chang...
Chao-Qun Shi1, Hong-Ying Lin1, Jin-Qing Zheng1, Fan Yang1, Kwame Ayisi Lartey1, Dan-Ju Kang1, Hwa-Chian Robert Wang2, Ravi Gooneratne3*and Jin-Jun Chen1*
...tant chemotaxonomic markers for the genus Chromolaena. Chromolaena odorata Linn. (CO) is used in folklore medicines to treat gastrointestinal diseases such as diarrhoea. This study examined the feasibility of total flavonoids from C. odorata (TFCO) as an antibacterial agent in vitro, and the mechanism of action of TFCO in combating Escherichia coli-induced diarrhoea in mice. MBC and MIC values of 0.25 and 0.125 g TFCO/ml...
Zhengyi Fu1,2,3,4, Rui Yang2,3,4, Zhenhua Ma2,3,4*, Mingyang Han2,3,4 and Yifu Wang2,3,4
...ce, somatic parameters, histology and digestive enzymatic activity of barramundi (Lates calcarifer). Fish were fed ioso engery diets (18 kJ/g) with two types of non-protein energy sources in the experimental groups and a regular diet was used as the control. The feeding trial lasted for 56 days. Results from the present study indicate that, except for weight gain and feed intake, most growth parameters of fish we...
Mona Kadry, Sara Mohamed Nader*, Esraa A. Elshafiee and Zeinab S. Ahmed
...st severe worldwide dangers to human and veterinary Medicine. β-lactam resistant Salmonellae are of great concern as they are becoming multi-drug resistant. This study describes the role of chicken in harboring and environmental spread of ESBL and carbapenemase - producing Salmonella spp, which could pose a potential hazard to human and animal health. A total of 334 chicken meat samples, 197 eggshells and 160 human stool specimens were included in this st...
Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska1, Iwona Szatkowska1, Daniel Zaborski2*, Wilhelm Grzesiak2, Sara Tabor-Osińska1, Małgorzata Wasielewska1, Witold S. Proskura1, Wojciech Kruszyński3 and Edward Pawlina3
...The study involved 227 Jersey, 147 Polish Holstein-Friesian black-and-white (HO) and 181 Polish Holstein-Friesian red-and-white (RW) cows. PCR-RFLP was used for genotyping. A bioinformatic analysis of the P1 regulatory sequence was also carried out. Three genotypes (TT, CT and CC) were identified. The CT genotype was the most frequent (0.40, 0.50 and 0.52 in Jerseys, HO and RW, respectively). The ...
Kanwal Haneef1,2, Rakhshinda Habib1,3, Nadia Naeem1,3 and Asmat Salim1,*
...;">Cardiovascular disorders are major cause of death globally. Regeneration of cardiac tissue with the use of stem cells has appeared as an effective cell-based therapeutic option. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the potential candidates for cell therapy due to their ease of isolation, proliferation, anti-apoptotic and proangiogenic properties. MSCs have the ability to fuse with somatic cells in vivo and depending upon the microenvironment, the fusion...
Sen Liu1,2, Yue Zhu2, Haixia Leng2, Ying Wang1, Xiangju Yin1 and Yajun Zhao1*
...> (i.e., no pregnancy, nursing, or hibernation) was explored using the F-MSAP technique, including brown adipose tissue (BAT), brain (B), heart (H), kidney (K), liver (L), and muscle (M) tissues. An average of 67.0% CCGG loci was methylated in each tissue. There were significant methylation differences among tissues in full-methylation (p < 0.001) and total methylation (p = 0.001). Moreover, various unique methylated loci (15–59) were al...
Hui-Ming Li1, Bi-Ze Yang1, Xue-Jun Jin1,2, Lin-Miao Li1, Hai-Ying Jiang1,
Xiu-Juan Zhang1 and Jin-Ping Chen1*
...enefit from a better understanding of its genetic diversity and structure. In this study, 24 novel SSRs were isolated from full-length transcriptome and they were used for assessing of parent-offspring relationship for M. javanica. All SSR markers were highly polymorphic with a mean of 6 alleles per locus, ranged from 2 to 10 alleles. The average polymorphism information content (PI...
Masoomeh Sohrabi Mollayousefi1* and Babak Moghaddasi2
...o the sediment particles’ size while positively correlated with water carbonate content. Other macro faunal communities positively increased in their abundance where the sediment particles size show increasing trend.
...
Kang Chen1,2, Dekui He1, Chengzhi Ding3,4, Yintao Jia1 and Yifeng Chen1*
...ith shape from three rivers and eight lakes in northern Tibet. Shape indices (SDs) (form-factor, circularity, rectangularity, ellipticity, roundness, surface density and aspect ratio) and normalized Elliptic Fourier descriptors (NEFDs) were analysed by multivariate statistical procedures. To examine the differences of otolith shape from different sites, metric multidimensional scaling and a linear discriminant analysis were ...
Aftab Raza Khan1, Azhar Abbas Khan2*, Javed Iqbal3, Arif Muhammad Khan4, Zeshan Hassan2, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif2 and Umbreen Shahzad2
...ent data on overall dispersion index of 2.1±0.43 per km2 in different calendar months reflected a clumped dispersion. Sixty crops of adult birds were analyzed for food contents in different seasons. Leaves, seeds and arthropods were highly consumed food contents in all seasons. Descriptive data analysis indicated a statistically significant value of p ˂ 0.05 between arthropod abundance and volume of...
Wanqiu Zhao1,2, Taoyan Yuan1, Li Chen2, Xue Du2, Weihu Chen4, Yan Fu1, Dong Niu3,* and Lizhi Lu2,*
...nally, the microbial diversity and richness were significantly higher in the laying group than the broody and recovery groups. These results provide a basic profile of Zhedong white goose microbial community for the further study on goose broodiness and microbiology.
...
HuaBin Zhang1,2, YaSen Li1, Tao Pan1, Peng Yan1, En Li1, Hui Xue1 and XiaoBing Wu1,*
...he intestine and the interstitial cell and seminiferous tubule of testis, leptin receptor staining was detected in the adipocyte of white adipose tissue, the gastric gland and submucosa of the stomach, the submucosa, muscular layer and intestine villi of the intestine, the granulose cell and follicular membrane cell of the ovary and the interstitial cell and seminiferous tubule of the testis. Moreover, we investigated season...
Iram Liaqat1,*, Safdar Ali Mirza2, Sumera Sajjad3, Shaukat Ali1,*, Muhammad Faiz Qamar4 and Ikram Ul Haq5
...nciples necessary to understand protein secretion systems.
...
Hui Wang1,2, Yuchen Zhao1 and Xinpu Wang1,*
...d to help restore biodiversity and the production of the natural grasslands in China. The effects of grassland management on invertebrate diversity and its associated environmental factors were less reported in northern China. The relationship between the activity-density of carabid beetles and environmental factors was conducted under three different gr...
Kawa A. Ali1*, Sazar S. Noraldeen2 and Arshad A. Yaseen2, 3
...oma tomato Solanum lycopersicum L. and green pepper Capsicum annuum L.) in three different environments (open field, lath house and plastic house) to indicate the best method of chlorophyll estimation. After 80 days from sowing chlorophyll estimation was implemented first by nondestructive methods using SPAD (SPAD-502 Plus Konica Minolta Tokyo, Japan) and atLEAF chlorophyll meter (at-LEAF FT-GREEN-LLC Willington, DE, USA) in...
Muhammad Waheed* and Dost Muhammad
...with phosphatic fertilizers can alter P fractionations in soil and boost up its availability to plant in calcareous soils. For this purpose, a pot experiment was conducted in the green house of the University of Agriculture Peshawar to assess changes in P fractionations and wheat seedlings growth in two diverse calcareous soils. The pretreated composts were prepared by mixing 0, 2 and 4 % ...
Jong Ho Ahn1, Jang Hoon Choi1,2 and In Sik Nam1,3,*
...stify;">Sixty Hanwoo steers of average weight and average age 6.5 months were raised until the age of 18 months (growing period, G) and from the age of 19 months to 30.85–31.52 months (fattening period, F). They were separately fed concentrate and forage (C) or total mixed ration (TMR, T) in the growing and fattening periods. The treatments were GCFC (Concentrate feeding in the growing and fattening periods), GCFT (Concentrate feeding in the growing peri...
Asim Faraz1*, Abdul Waheed1, Nasir Ali Tauqir2 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel3
...n=5) from five to ten years old were investigated in non-breeding “August” and breeding “February” months. They were housed in half-opened pens, TMR, 6-8 hours browsing and twice-watering was performed. Blood biochemicals were studied by using standard kits through biochemistry analyzer. The glucose, cholesterol and triglyceride values (P<0.05) were found to be 136.68±5.46, 57.12±4.44...
Khaliq Dad1, Muhammad Nawaz2*, Muhamamd Ibrahim3, Fengliang Zhao4, Rumsha Hassan2, Humaira Nawaz5, Muhammad Usman Saleem6, Kinat Javed2, Ayesha Komal2 and Hajra Naz2
Yanhong Hu* and Linkai Cui
... FARs is crucial for understanding the process of synthesis and transport of wax to the surface of body. In this study, we characterized the subcellular localization of EpFAR from the scale insect Ericerus pela using an immunofluorescence assay of the insect cells and a bioinformatics analysis. The result of immunofluorescence assay showed EpFAR to be localized to the cytoplasmic region, and the observed fluorescence pattern was characteristic of endopl...
Chaochao Hu1,2, Xue Xu1, Wenjia Yao1, Wei Liu3, Deyun Tai1, Wan Chen4 and Qing Chang1*
...er, and improves our understanding of the evolutionary and taxonomic research within Charadriiformes.
...
Zhongyong Wu1, Wenzhu Li2, Chunxia Ni1, Zhuolin He1, Xiao Hou1 and Wanxia Pu1*
... of cow mastitis, to understand the genetic polymorphisms of dairy-sourced Staphylococcus aureus, we conducted genotyping of Staphylococcus aureus isolates from milk samples collected from cows with clinical mastitis using the random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method with three oligonucleotide primers. In total, 177 Staphylococcus aureus isolates were obtained from dairy farms in 5 different provin...
Mengke Wang1, Shucheng Huang2, Cai Zhang1*, Haizhou Gong1,
Shunan Cuan1, Shuaishuai Wang1, Qi Shao1, Wenhao Xu1, Sudan Meng1,
Pengfei Li1, Yuqin Wang1 and Zijun Yang1
...to drinking-water of layers can enhance the antioxidant capacity, improve lipid metabolism and has a protective on liver injury, while no dose dependence was found in this study.
...
Zhengyi Fu1,2,3,4, Rui Yang1,2,3, Shengjie Zhou1,2,3, Zhenhua Ma1,2,3* and Gang Yu1,2,3*
...ed and inflammatory markers were up-regulated, indicating an obvious inflammatory response. The expression levels of S and M grade anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory cytokines was more balanced. This study provides the basis for finding the relationship between size heterogeneity and gene expression level of barramundi juveniles, and may provide insights for further understanding on the causes of size heterogeneity.
Jia Li and Hong Yang*
...lyglucosides (APG) reactors. APG and alkaline treatment increased the BaA deposition desorption from the sludge and transfer into micro-organisms and finally increased the BaA bioavailability. In the meantime, the enormous secretion of substrates from the WAS not only served as carbon source but was also engaged in the electron transfer among the micro-organisms which take part in the BaA biodegradation process. Therefore, the microbial activity also engaged i...
Li Ma1 *, Xu Han1, Bo Yang2 and Chunhua Zhou3
... small;">In order to understand the protective impact of kaempferol, MTT (3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide) assay was applied in hydrogen peroxide-treated human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). The hydrogen peroxide-induced apoptosis was gauged using flow cytometry whereas western blotting was applied to detect the expression of key cellular markers in oxidation pathways. The data indica...
Junyan Bai1*, Rentaodi Wu2*, Qihang Hu1, Lema Dao2 and Xinghua Tian3
...f 17 microsatellite markers in sunite bactrian camel were 2.8913, 0.6205 and 0.5602, respectively. The wool fineness of AB genotype of CMS36 locus was significantly higher than that of BB genotype (P<0.05). The wool fineness of AC genotype at YWLL44 locus was significantly higher than that of BD, BE and CE genotype (P<0.05). The wool fineness of AA and BC genotype at YWLL 29 locus was significantly higher than that of AC genotype (P&...
Ayman Balla Mustafa1, Abdalla Elgenaidi1, Aldukali Alkeskas1, Asim Faraz2,*, Ahmed Eisa Elhag3, Mohanad Bashari4 and Bernard Faye5
...r and physiological factors.
...
Liping Liu and Pengfei Liu*
...on are important parameters in population biology, related to life history and difference in mortality and behavior of male and female. Sexual dimorphism indicates divergence selective pressure between two sexes. We determined the sex and age through plumage coloration and measured 6 body measurements of each bird in 122 Brambling Fringilla montifringilla individuals in a wintering roost, which were captured randomly with mist nets. We found both the sex ratio...
Shuli Zhu, Yaqiu Liu, Weitao Chen, Xinhui Li and Yuefei Li*
...don tumirostris (Peters, 1881), Bangana decora (Peters, 1881), Ptychidio longibarbus (Fang, 1981)] from Liujiang River, China. Fishes were collected from local fish markets that using various fishing gears such as gillnets, castnets and shrimp cages in July and December 2018. The LWRs parameters a and b values for the four...
Yuzhou Luo1, Ping Wang1, Kaijun Yu2*, Song Luo3 and Longjie Sun4
...s characteristic parameters for monitoring sleeping condition. Our objective was to determine and verify a high performance algorithm to correlate the sleep stages with respective stages of breath sound signals. The algorithm was designed for breath sound signals and was tested with several all-night days data acquired with our laboratory-made sleep monitoring system. Furthermore, a commercial system was compared for validating the efficiency of our proposed a...
... improvement in patients’ BODE index.
...
Tian Tian, Lili Luo*, Haiyan Wang and Lei Wang
...the clinical value and nursing effect of β- human chorionic gonadotropin and progesterone monitoring on the treatment of ectopic pregnancy with methotrexate combined with mifepristone. One hundred and eighty patients with ectopic pregnancy were included in the study, all of whom were treated with methotrexate combined with mifepristone tablets. According to the treatment results, they were divided into treatment success group and the treatment failure gro...
Aqsa Shahid1, Saima Muzammil1, Farhan Rasheed2,Bilal Aslam1, Muhammad Akhtar Ali3, Syed Zohaib Haider4, Masroor Ellahi Babar4, Muhammad Saeed1, Umair Waqas1 and Mohsin Khurshid1,*
...nd species-specific primers. The susceptibility to various antimicrobial agents including the aminoglycosides was determined by the Kirby-Bauer method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) to aminoglycosides was evaluated by the broth microdilution method. Moreover, the armA genes were studied by PCR followed by Sanger sequencing. The isolates showed a high rate of resistance to cephalosporins, carbapenems, aminoglycosides, and fluoroquinolones whe...
Yanqiang Zhou1, Lixin Wang1, Chunxiao Hao1, Xiuyun Li2, Shakeel Hussain1, Dongdong Shen1, Zhiwei Peng1, Qi`an Zhai1 and Zhijun Hou1,*
...ominant parasite and diverse prevalence in different season, temperature, and humidity groups. Host specificity is the main reason for the difference of host fauna among the three ruminants. The data of the study will provide an accumulating knowledge to help preventing and controlling the spread of infectious parasitic diseases in the zoo.
...
Nasir Mahmood Cheema1*, Ghulam Shabbir2 and Nazakat Nawaz3
...inus communis L.) two years experimental data from the stand point of oil content and oil quality were collected and analyzed having four sowing dates 15th July, 30th July, 15th August and 30th August using four varieties (DS-30, PR-7/1, PR101, Local) crop planted at National Agricultural Research Center, Islamabad. Randomized complete block design (split plot) having three replications was followed by sowing dates and varieties. Castor bean oil was analyzed f...
Fahima Khatun1, Abdullah-Al-Maruf2, Md. Mizanur Rahman2, Afroja Yasmin1, Mohammad Ali Zinnah3, Md. Aminul Islam4 and Mohammad Shah Alam5*
...t;1 year), young (1-3 years), and adult (>3 years) and three different consecutive seasons (winter, summer, and rainy) during the periods of January 2018 to December 2018. The highest incidence was found in infestation with Fasciola spp. (43.63%) followed by Toxocara spp. (35.75%) and Haemonchus spp. (7.87 %). The rainy season showed the highest degree of parasitic occurrence (45.55%) compared to summer (32.12%) and winte...
Yuli Andriani1*, Rintan Octaviana Julia1, Lintang Permata Sari Yuliadi1, Iskandar Iskandar1 and
Yaya Rukayadi2
...(D) of BPLM. The parameters observed included biochemical compound and carotenoid content of dried BPLM, changes in tail color quality, survival rate and water quality. Kruskal-Wallis analysis was applied to analyzed the data of tail color. Data on the survival rate were analyzed using analysis of variance with the F test with 95 % level of confidence. The result showed that there was 9 076 mg kg−1 of carotenoid contained in BPLM. The inclusio...
Muhammad Aftab1*, Aneela Riaz2, Ghulam Sarwar3, Muhammad Arif1, Qudsia Nazir1, Ifra Saleem1, Sarfraz Hussain1, Abid Ali4, Abid Niaz1, Fakhar Mujeeb4, Khalid Mahmood5 and Sarfraz Nawaz6
...nomic and growth parameters improved by the application of K. But the toxicity of salinity-boron badly affects the yield and growth parameters in stresses conditions.
...
Hidayatullah1*, Sammia Mahroof1, Saleem Abid2, Naveeda Anjum3, Noor Habib4, Akhter Saeed5 and Muhammad Arshad Farooq1
...s yield stability in diverse environments. Therefore, stability analysis of six chilli advance breeding lines; NARC Chilli-1, NARC Chilli-2, NARC Chilli-3, NARC Chilli-4, NARC Chilli-5, NARC Chilli-6 was carried out. F1 hybrid ‘Big Daddy’ was used as check. Plant material was figured out under Randomised complete Block Design with three replications and four locations; Chakwal, Faisalabad, Islamabad and Swat. Com...
Muhammad Zubair Ishaq1, Umar Farooq1, Muhammad Asim Bhutta2*, Saghir Ahmad2, Amna Bibi2, Hafeez UR Rehman3, Umar Farooq3, Javaria Ashraf4 and Samaria Nisar4
... biotic and abiotic factors, unpredictable rain patterns, high temperatures. Therefore, it needs to identify cultivars with suitable sowing time in a specific environment. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the yield potential of different cotton genotypes under different sowing dates (early to late). In 2019 and 2020, a field experiment was conducted at Cotton Research Station, Sahiwal, Pakistan. The experimen...
Diana Rachmawati1*, Johannes Hutabarat1, Olga Anne2, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi3 and Tita Elfitasari1
...elus fuscoguttatus Forsskål, 1775) on Bacillus subtilis supplementation in the diet is one of the solutions to overcome the deterioration of the aquaculture environment caused by the accumulation of dieting waste. The purpose of the research was to study the effects of B. subtilis supplementation in the diet on protein digestibility, the efficiency of diet utilization, growth, and activities of digesting enzymes of E. fuscoguttatus.<...
Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Muhammad Anjum Aqueel2, Sylvain Nafiba Ouedraogo3, Muhammad Luqman4, Kanwer Shahzad Ahmed1 and Mujahid Tanvir1
...vely. Extensive use of persistent synthetic insecticides against these pests poses issues of environmental contaminations and health hazards and suggests looking for alternate biorational plant protection measures such as botanical pesticides. This study evaluated the potential toxicity of acetone extracts of 40 indigenous plant species of Soon valley and surrounding salt range (Punjab, Pakistan) against D. citri and A. gossypii using standard twig-dip and lea...
Rosidah Rosidah1*, Angga Nugraha1, Yuli Andriani1, Kiki Haetami1, Olga Anne2 and Agus Heri Purnomo3
...e treatment used was immersion with A. vera extract with a concentration of treatment A
(0 mg kg–1), B (150 mg kg–1), C (300 mg kg–1), D (450 mg kg–1) and E (600 mg kg–1). The variables observed were in ...
Azra Nadeem1*, Shaukat Hussain2, Saeedullah2, Asma Akbar3, Zahoor Ahmad4, Maryam Tariq5, Robina Karim6 and Muhammad Huzaifa7
...er weight, number of tubers/plant, fresh root weight and plant height at the time of harvest of the crop. The biocontrol agent (T. viride) showed lowest disease incidence (53.73%) and severity (1.27) at 8% moisture level. There was a reduction of 43.33% and 63.29% over control by T. viride for disease incidence and severity respectively at this moisture level. The effect of soil moisture was highly significant and maximum tuber weight was recorded at 15% soil ...
Ayu Suci Wulandari1, Siwi Indarti1,2*, Muhannad Illayan Massadeh3 and Nguyen Van Minh4
...tor to abundance and diversity of plant parasitic nematode in garlic crops, this research was conducted Sampling was carried out in four locations: Brebes, Magelang, Tegal and Temanggung, Central Java, Indonesia. Samples of soil, roots and tubers were collected. Soil abiotic factors are taken measurements such as pH, temperature, and organic matter. The altitudes are measured using t...
Ahmad Wahyudi1*, Sujono Sujono2, Listiari Hendraningsih2, Ari Prima2, Zane Vincēviča-Gaile3 and
Ivar Zekker4
...lso TMR silage on calves’ growth performance is yet to be elaborated. Therefore, the effect urea addition on TMR and its silage on performance of Friesian Holstein (FH) male calves were evaluated. The calves (n = 27; 5 mo to 7 mo, mo = month old) were divided into three groups, each group consisted of nine calves, based on age: 5 mo (100 kg to 105 kg), 6 mo (111 kg to 116 kg), and 7 mo (123 kg to 133 kg). All groups were divided into three types of feed,...
Naveed Farah1*, Izhar Ahmad Khan1, Asif Ali Abro2, Jehanzeb Masood Cheema3 and Muhammad Luqman4*
...h agricultural land conversion into urban infrastructures. The present study compares the patterns of land use changes and the resulting livelihood transformation of farmers at urban fringes in two contrasting cities of Punjab province of Pakistan. A mixed method approach was employed for data collection and at first, a longitudinal analysis of Landsat imagery of land use was done through ...
Usman Khalique*, Muhammad Zahid, Noor Fatima, Syed Jawad Ahmad Shah
...with meteorological factors revealed that relative humidity (R.H) had significantly negative impact on aphid population. Whereas, temperature had significantly positive correlation with aphid population on NARC 2009 (r = 0.58Min. Temp., r = 0.7Max. Temp.). The data of Pakistani wheat varieties with least population density of aphid would be helpful to make varietal selections for future breeding programs. Further, it is necessary to identify the resistant gene...
Reena Ambreen1, Sadaf Sarfraz1*, Fouzia Qamar2 and Shomaila Skinadar1
...ffect of various parameters like pH, temperature, additive effect, surfactant structure and its concentration on the solubilizing power of surfactant molecules resulting in the exclusion of organic coloring agents/dyes which may serve as contaminants or pollutants. In addition to solubilization phenomena, in the present study foam formation more specifically ion flotation has been discussed to understand the dye-surfactant i...
Nazish Huma Khan1*, Mohammad Nafees2, Tooba Saeed3, Khaliq Ur Rahman4 and Adila Bashir2
...termine the organization’s role in record keeping and solid waste management in the Hayatabad Industrial Zone, Peshawar. To this end, a questionnaire survey was carried out among 105 industries and relevant government departments were interviewed. The solid waste generation rate for the operating industries was 125,481 kg/ day. Only 33% of the waste generated is reused, and 26% is sold to the community at low cost. About 41% solid waste is thrown away as...
Bushra Shaikh, Sadia Muniza Faraz*, Syed Riaz un Nabi Jafri, Syed Usman Ali
...hm is verified by a sensors based robotic setup with three different maps. The experimental results verified self-localization technique with an accuracy of 98 % for a mobile robot prototype in an indoor environment. The proposed algorithm is simple, low cost, independent of lighting conditions and requires less computational steps to identify the exact location on the map.
...
Muhammad Dawood1,2, Naeem Sarwar2, Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha3*, Faiz Hussain4, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal5, Muhammad Akram4, Hammad Husnain5, Muhammad Shahid5, Mussarrat Hussain6 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
... and quality. The cultivars differed significantly in terms of growth and yield. Therefore, cultivars should be properly select in order to get good quality and better yield. Therefore, this study was planned to screen out best cultivars for their yield potential and quality under Faisalabad conditions. The experiment was comprised of eight wheat cultivars
Najam-un-Nisa1, Ruqia Bibi1, Balqees Riaz1, Bushra Khalil1, Iqra Maheen1, Saima1, Uzma Islam Khan1 and Inam Ullah1,2*
... assess the avifauna diversity in Dhapchapak lake and forest areas. There is no previous record of any detailed research on bird species in Dhapchapak lake and the forest area.The study was conducted to estimate the diversity and abundance of avifauna species found in dhapchapak wetland and forest during winter (2017-18 and 2018-19). As birds are the best indicator for environmental changes hence the migratory birds fauna wa...
Muhammad Yaseen*, Muhammad Adnan, Muhammad Luqman, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed and Muhammad Umer Mehmood
...ultural activities, factors hindering their involvement, and what they think about having a career in the sector have the vigor to provide us with facts about rural youth. Keeping in view the importance of rural youth in agriculture, the present study is designed to find the reasons that hinder rural youth involvement to encourage their participation in agriculture. Based on the facts regarding the population of rural youth, a sample of 450 respondents was sel...
Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Iram Liaqat*, Junaid Nadeem, Hammad Aamir and Shaukat Ali
... dressings. In recent years, several studies have investigated the alleged antibacterial potential of spider silk but the results have largely been inconclusive. The studies either failed to consider the inhibitory effects of the processing chemicals or did not investigate whether the inhibitory potential is an intrinsic property of silk or is due to the aggregate gland secretion coating its surface, hence a borrowed property. Our study used direction applicat...
Hasnain Raza1*, Maryam Maqsood2, Muhammad Muzamil Nazir1, Iqra Tariq1, Kaynat Ahmed1, Qurat-ul-Ain1, Ali Raza2, Huda Bilal3, Muhammad Bilal Shoukat1, Attiq ur Rehman1, Awais Rasheed1 and Muhammad Zeshan Gulzar1
...e solutions to this universal problem are being provided through eco-technologies, such as constructed wetlands (CWs). CWs are among the most widely used natural water management options. CWs can be used for phytoremediation, which acts as a natural sink for toxins. The present paper aims to provide a brief discussion on wastewater health risks, CWs, and its phytoremediation attributes as a plant-based cleanup solution for wastewater remediation....
Huda Bilal1, Hasnain Raza2*, Kaynat Ahmed2, Iqra Tariq2, Qurat-ul-Ain2, Sana Sarfaraz1, Sanaullah1, Maryam Maqsood3 and Ali Raza3
...ubsequent loss of biodiversity are threatening human existence. Due to its significance in ecosystem functioning, biodiversity is very important but difficult to replenish and recover when eroded. A severe threat to the anthropological system was the loss of biodiversity that took place over the planet. Climate change has the opposite effect on habitat fragmentation and contributes to the ...
Muhammad Nauman1, Iftikhar Ali3, Nazir Ahmad1,2*, Fazli Ahad1 and Touheed Iqbal4
...jor thrust of early farmers since the dawn of agriculture. This study aimed to estimate genetic variability, heritability, and genetic advance for quality characters in Brassica carinata L. A total of 22 genotypes comprised of six parental lines and their 16 bulked F2 populations were evaluated in a randomized complete block design with three replications at The University of Agriculture P...
Junaid Ahmad1, Shahzeb Javed2*, Mehmood Khan1, Shadman1, Muhammad Farooq3*, Muhammad Saleem4, Rahila Afzal5, Muhammad Aasim6, Naqeeb Ullah7, Muhammad Noman Khan8, Dawood8 and Naila Ilyas9
... to look at the students’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices on food safety and cleanliness at a different institution in KPK, Pakistan. A cross-sectional study was done among 1000 government and private university students in KPK, Pakistan, using a self-administered, pre-tested questionnaire with a total of 26 questions. Self-administered survey forms were used to collect data from several disciplines. Every correct ...
Aiman Amur1*, Nasreen Memon1, Pervaiz Khan2 and Fozia Gull3
...fruits. The Bactrocera dorsalis is one of the complex fruit flies of this diver’s genius, hunting on very delicious fruits such as mango. The purpose of this study is to observe the relationship among the environmental and host effects on the outbreak of this crucial pest. The research work was conducted in two gardens (50 hectors) of mango fields of Mirpur Khas, known as mango land ...
Amir Muhammad Khan1, Laila Fayyaz2*, Raziuddin2, Sajid Ali1, Israr-ud-Din1, Sheraz Ahmad2, Haidar Ali1 and Ijaz Ahmad2
...uction. To determine diversity within this specie, ten different genotypes of B. napus L. including Chinese (CA-2, CA-4, CA-5) and doubled haploid lines from a population were field-tested at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar (UAP). Genotypes were examined for seven morphological traits including days to flowering, primary branches mainstem-1, plant height, main raceme length, pods mainraceme-1, pod length, 1000-seed w...
Aneela Hameed1, Faqir Muhammad Anjum2, Zia ur Rehman3, Saeed Akhtar1, Asim Faraz4*, Majid Hussain1 and Amir Ismail1
...nistreted milk. Minerals’ analysis of the milk samples were conducted and it was found that lactation stages have significant effect on minerals composition i.e. macro minerals (Na, Cl, K, Ca, Mg and P) and micro minerals (Zn and Cu) in milk. Oxytocin administration showed significant effect on milk minerals during various lactation stages as sodium, chloride and copper contents increased while potassium decreased. It was concluded that indiscriminate us...
Jun-Dong Tian1,2, Wei-Jie Guo1,2, Han Yan1, Jie Zhang1, Shu-Liao Tian3 and Ji-Qi Lu1,2,*
...tracts host rich and diverse microorganisms, and the microbial community could be affected by many factors including activity rhythm which responds to the timing of feces defecation. To test the effect of activity rhythm on fecal microbiota, we used non-invasive sampling method to collect the feces defecated in the morning (AM group) and afternoon (PM group) from a zoo rhesus macaque population. Then 16S rRNA sequencing tech...
Muhammad Mansha1*, Sidra Yaqub1, Asma Abdul Latif2, Muhammad Wasim3 and Peter C. Thomson4
...wed on reproductive factors. HER2/neu levels were determined by ELISA from 52 patients and 37 age-matched control women. The results of survey study showed that “premature termination of pregnancy” emerges as a potential risk factor of breast cancer. Number of pregnancies has significant association with premature termination of pregnancies (P = 6 × 10
Rizwana Sultan1, Asim Aslam1, Muhammad Yasin Tipu1, Habib ur Rehman2, Saba Usman1, Ahsan Anjum1,*, Muhammad Saeed Imran1, Muhammad Usman3 and Muhammad Zahid Iqbal3
...n of lymphocyte in the bursa of Fabricius. The seven clades of avian Eimeria species strongly support that E. necatrix and E. tenella were closely associated and placed in the same sister clade with high bootstrap support (98%). Our two isolates RSI and RSII showed a homology index of 99.82%...
Liyun Chang1, Yingbin Chen1, Qian Kang1, JianhuaQin1,* and Zhiyong Liu2,*
...elta;Ct). The primers were designed according to the sequence of mouse cytokines in GenBank. The expression levels of the cytokines were normalized to GAPDH gene expression. Fluorescence threshold (Ct value) obtained from RT-QPCR2-ΔΔCt method with GAPDH standard curve (linearity R2=1), followed by sequencing analysis showed that all tested cytokines were amplified. The PCR products exhibited consistent melting curves, su...
Amal E. Abdel-Hady*, Sara M. El-Amir, Noura S. Al-Muttri and Heba M. El-Hariri
...e outer surface of the dorsal scales from the mid-body region of Acanthodactylus opheodurus (Lacertidae), Mesalina guttulata guttulata (Lacertidae) and Trapelus ruderatus blanfordi (Agamidae). Skin specimens were prepared and investigated by using scanning electron microscopy. The microornamenation of the examined species exhibited different pattern in the same microhabitat. Variety was observed in the two related species, having a common ...
Xueli Jiang1,2, Jie Gao3, Muhammad Zahid Sharif1,2, Xuewen Zhang4 and Fanglin Liu1,*
...unflower Tithonia diversifolia in southwestern China, and use data mining approach to model the relationships between nectar phenolics and bee losses. The results show that bee losses are closely related to the phenolics of isochlorogenic acid, p-coumaric acid, chlorogenic acid and galangin, identified from the sunflower nectar. The nectar phenolics do not cause bee-poisoning to death, but can trigger bee colonies to explore food sources at risk....
Essam H. Ibrahim1,2,3, Attalla F. El-kott1,4, Ali Alshehri1, Mona Kilany2,5, Reza Yavari6, Salahud Din7* and Diaa Massoud8,9
...guein two adult Asian bears were examined by light and scanning electron microscopy. Four types of papillae; filiform, conical, fungiform and vallate were observed on the dorsaum lingua. Numerous filiform papillae were visible on the lingual apex and body, while, fungiform papillae were scattered among them. The discoid-shaped fungiform papillae were more densely on the lingual apex. The filiform papillae were extended to th...
Azhar Abbas Khan*, Humaira Kanwal, Sumair Batool, Zeshan Hassan, Jawad Munawar Shah, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif, Ahmad Nawaz, Hasan Taha and Yasir Ishfaq
...are the most common factors which cause severe damage to the cotton crop. In this two year study, the effectiveness of Commando plus®, Oshin®, Talstar®, Radiant®, Movento® and Maximal® was evaluated against Thrips tabaci, Amrasca biguttula and their impact on bio-control agents in Bt cotton. More reduction in T. tabaci was observed with Radiant&r...
Yonghua Liu*, Xianhua Li, Xiongfei Yan, Gang Li, Caiyun Luo and Ying He
...cant impacts on the moth’s survival and reproduction. With increased temperatures and durations of exposure, the development time of T. vishnou gigantina was shortened and then prolonged. At 30 and 35°C, with increased exposure time, the development time was shorter than that at 25°C, whereas it was significantly longer at 40°C. The increase in temperatures and treatment times resulted in gradual decrease in mating rate. With increased...
Zheng Yan1,2,*, Shuang Liu2, Ai-Qing Liu2 and Hai-Yan Wang2
...rch focus over recent years. To investigate the protective effects of the oral administration of elastin peptide on photoaged skin, BALB/C Nude mice were exposed to UVA+UVB for 16 weeks to establish the photoaging model. The concentrations of elastin peptide given to the low, medium, and high dose groups were 1.5, 5.0 and 10 mg/animal per day, respectively. Then, skin elasticity was measured using a cutimeter dual MPA 580. The concentraions of three type of co...
Dilek Şahin1*, Meryem ÖZ2, Orhan Aral2, Mehmet Bahtiyar2 and Selda Taşçi2
...ate the effects of the purslane extract on growth and pigmentation of goldfish (Carassius auratus L, 1758). The study was carried out with 4 experimental groups of which composed of control (0%, T0) and different amount of purslane plant extracts (3%, T3; 6%, T6; 9%, T9) and each group had 3 replicates. The fish with an average live weight of 2.55±0.08 g were selected randomly from a fish stock of 250 fish and ...
Ou-Mei Hao1*, Xue-Feng Wang1, Zhi-Jun Yue1, Chun-Hong Nan1,Yan Yu1,Tong Zhang2,Yu-Feng Liu3 and Xue Zhao1
... levels of relevant factors associated with inflammation after Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) infection and compare the therapeutic effects of Qing Zhi Zhi Ke formula (QZZKF), QZZKF combined with azithromycin (AZM) and AZM on experimental mice. Fifty female BALB/c mice were randomly divided into five groups: control, model, AZM (0.01 g/kg/day), QZZKF (10.16 g/kg/day), AZM (0.01 g/kg/day) combined with QZZKF (10.16 g/kg/day). QZZKF and AZM were ad...
Jialiang Han1, Guohou Liu1*, Wenke Bai2,3, Qixian Zou4, Ye Cao5, Caiquan Zhou2,3*, and Guy Michael Williams6
... small;">François’ langur (Trachypithecus francoisi) is an endangered primate that has experienced a decline in population size and associated loss in habitat as a result of human disturbance (IUCN, 2020). We investigated human disturbance and habitat use of François’ langur in Mayanghe Nature Reserve, Guizhou, China, by analyzing the effects of various types of human disturbance on habitat u...
Muhammad Farhan Qadir1, Xin-Yu Han1, Meng-li Qiao1, Qian-qian Cheng1,
Raza Ali Mangi1, Ali Raza Jahejo1, Afrasyab Khan1, Yu-hai Bi1,2 and Wen-xia Tian1*
...related genes in chicken’s erythrocytes at different time intervals that are highly related to the development of H9N2 infection. This study may provide a new biomarker to detect H9N2 infection in chickens.
...
Muhammad Arslan Akbar1, Khalid Javed2, Asim Faraz3* and Abdul Waheed3
...raits recorded were withers height (WH), body length (BL), head length (HL), head width (HW), ear length (EL), ear width (EW), neck length (NL), neck width (NW), heart girth (HG), rump length (RL), rump width (RW), tail length (TL), barrel depth (BD), sacral pelvic width (SPW), birth weight (BiW), Live body weight (BW), teat length (TEL), teat diameter (TED), testes length (TsL), testes width (TsW) and scrotal circumference (ScD). Male and female animals were ...
Milkessa Wakjira, Fikiru Temesgen*, Chala Hailu and Dabesa Wegari
... Zone by administering personal interview. Descriptive statistics such as percentage, frequency, maximum, minimum, mean and standard deviation were used to measure the association and growth probability of MSEs. The major problems finding in the study area were facing multiple issues such as increase in cost of production, shortage of workers and reduction in sales and profit. More than 70% of participating respondents repor...
Mukhtar Iderawumi Abdulraheem1*, Muhammad Ihtisham2*, Abiodun Yusuff Moshood3, Nawab Khan4, Muhammad Owais Shahid5, Shafiq Hussain6, Kumail Abbas6 and Fawad Zaman7
... the absence of fertilizers/chemicals application and produce promising yields within a short period. However, several elements along with pathogens, pests, and very importantly viral diseases, restrict the belief of these intended goals. The current experiment assessed the effects of mulching materials and weeding regimes on the severity and incidence of not unusual viral diseases on okra without fertilizers/chemicals appli...
Kemi Funmilayo Omotesho1*, Philip Akintunde Fatodu1 and Toyin Benedict Ajibade2
...ecord keeping among farmers in Nigeria greatly impedes the evaluation of the performance of farms, national planning, budgeting for commercial agricultural development, and control of postharvest losses. The study analysed the record keeping behavior of youth farmers in Ekiti State. Specifically, it assessed the level of record keeping among farmers; examined their attitude towards record ...
Syed Rashid Ali1*, Saad Uddin Khan1 and Ahmed Raza ul Mustafa2
... Pakistani rice producer’s behaviour under the exchange rate volatility. The exchange rate variability is a risk which may force the producers to change their production preferences. The Cobb-Douglas production function used to examine the functional association between exchange rate variability and behaviour of Pakistani rice producers. The Exchange rate volatility is measured throu...
Malik Muhammad Shafi, Rabia Habib and Haidar Ali*
...">For exploring key factors affecting farmers’ savings the study was designed in district Kohat (KP, Pakistan). For the purpose of data collection, interview schedule and direct observation was used as a research tools. Through random sampling technique, a sample size of 90 households from 452 farm households were taken. Total consumption expenditures, total income, and land size wer...
Shahid Ali1*, Murtaza1, Waqas Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2, Aftab Khan3, Hamdullah1 and Syed Attaullah Shah1
...-align: justify;">Inputs’ application in production process determine the level of output in agriculture. This study therefore attempted to investigate determinants of rice yield in central Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A random sample of 275 rice growers was selected from district Swabi, using a multi-stage random sampling procedure. Pre-tested interview schedule was used for collection of data from rice growe
Theophilus Miebi Gbigbi* and Rodney Akpoviri Isiorhovoja
...ick a sample of 120 farmers from whom data were elicited using structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. The findings indicate that the average age of respondents was 43 years; majority (85%) of respondents were males with 16 years’ experience in exotic chicken production; 75% were married and 48% ha...
Hamida Bibi1*, Dave Rraffaelli2 and Muhammad Sharif1
... polluted sites were inversely related with water quality while intermediate quality sites were highly variable in modality and there is no consistency between the number of modes, ASPT and Biological Monitoring Working Party (BMWP) score. If anything, the negative relationship has been revealed between water quality (BMWP score and ASPT) and the number of modes and this negative correlation was significant R2 = 0.5072, p <0.05....
Saadu Mustapha1,2, Norsida Man1*, Jasmin Arif Shah1, Nitty Hirawaty Kamarulzaman1 and Ahmadu Abubakar Tafida3
..., extension and the farmers. The evolving new model of agricultural production and the small number of extension agents question old ways of providing valuable knowledge to farmers. The goal was to define the respondents’ socioeconomic characteristics, classify the types of ICT tools adopted by the respondents and identify factors influencing the a...
Farrukh Ilyas1, Durdana Qaiser Gillani2, Mudassar Yasin3, Muhammad Amjed Iqbal4, Iqbal Javed5*, Shahbaz Ahmad6 and Iftikhar Nabi7
...s shows that the parameters will do adjustment and return to equilibrium in the long run. The co-integration results showed a positive link between sub-sectors of agriculture and economic growth. The study is crucial for policy makers regarding the promotion of agricultural sector. The agriculture sector is very important for the growth of Pakistan&rsquo...
Nazeer Ahmed Lashari1*, Saghir Ahmed Sheikh2, Aijaz Hussain Soomro2 and ShamsuddinTunio3
...baking quality of two coarse (IR-6 and DR-82) and two aromatic (Basmati-385 and Lateefy) rice varieties grown in Pakistan along with their packaging effects and storage circumstances. Study was carried out at Sindh Agriculture University Tando Jam at IFST, Pakistan. White rice was produced by dehulling the paddy through stake Sheller, the samples were dried at 25±2 °C for 24 hours
Usman Asghar1*, Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Umer Rashid2, Naeem Mahmood Ashraf2, Sumera Afsheen1 and Muhammad Hashim1
...set of degenerative primers was designed for Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) of the cytochrome b gene fragment. All PCR was accomplished at the same reaction conditions. Amplified products had a length of 400 bp, which was our estimated length. After the sequencing of these amplicons, In silico restriction analysis was performed for each specie. Restriction endonuclease TfiI was selected for further analysis. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) was...
Suherman Suherman1*, AndhiniPutri Trianita1, Hadiyanto Hadiyanto1 and Wea Aanisah Mentari Putri2
...ults showed that the colors changed in Treatment 2 (17 h and a pressure of 35 Pa). The hedonic test showed that Treatment 1 (13 h and a pressure of 35 Pa) was the best, but Treatment 2 (17 h and a pressure of 25 Pa and 30 Pa) yielded the best texture.
...
Murad Ali* and Said Wahab
...ng mediums (upto five hours) of each Tallow, Ghee and Oil were collected and the whole frying process was properly monitored throughout. All the samples were analyzed for TPM and Acid value at the time of collection with the help of oil testometer DOM-24. A 100 ml of sample from each of the frying mediums was collected and transferred to the Biochemistry Laboratory, University of Malakand for further analysis. The peroxide v...
Sheikh Muhammad Azam1,2 and Muhammad Naeem1*
...tus of Scomberoides commersonnianus. Therefore, current study analysis was performed to analyze body composition of the studied fish. A total of 73 specimens of S. commersonnianus having different size, ranged 94.5 to 1183g of body weight and 20.5 to 56.9 cm in total length were randomly chosen from Arabian Sea Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan for analysis of proximate study. The mean percent values of different constituents were 73...
Kirshan Chand1, Fahad Nazir Khoso1*, Arfan Ahmed Gilal1, Abdul Mubeen Lodhi2, Agha Mushtaque Ahmed1, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro3, Sohail Ahmed Otho1 and Jamal-U-Din Hajano4
... depends on various factors (i.e. pests, insecticide formulation, entry route, mode of action, dosage, calibration and application timing) but one factor that doesn’t get much attention is the quality of the water used to spray the product which may reflect in the success of spray operation. To know the influence of water quality on pesticide performance, this study was proposed to evaluate the water sources used for m...
Tajnees Pirzada1*, Weenghar Ali Chandio1, Mansoor Ali Kalhoro2, Mir Munsif Ali Talpur1, Waheed Ali Mirbahar1, Abdul Ghafar Solangi1, Zulfiquar Ali Jumani1 and Rehana Kerio1
...mination profile parameters were measured as root-shoot length, germination index, fresh and dry weight for 15 days. HA/ZnO NPs were confirmed with various physicochemical techniques such as X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), UV-Vis spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM).The data confirmed the adsorption of humic acid on the surface of ZnO nanoparticles. The HA/ZnO NPs exposure significantly increased germination by 83 %, root ...
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Muhammad Sallam Shahzad2, Farhat Ullah Khan2, Muhammad Luqman1, Usman Saleem3 and Shoaib Nasir4
...s used for this study; firstly, one tehsil out of three tehsils i.e. Narowal, Shakargarh, and Zafarwal was selected, secondly, 6 union councils were selected, and then two villages from each union council and 10 farmers from each village were selected randomly. Thus, a total sample comprised of 120 rice growers. A well-structured interview schedule was used for data collection. Descriptive...
Zafer Karslı1,*, Dilek Şahin1, Meryem Öz2, Ünal Öz2 and Orhan Aral2
...ones on growth, sex conversion and reproduction of electric yellow cichlid, Labidochromis caeruleus were investigated. Moreover, possible negative (sterilization, mortality, reproduction performance etc.) and positive (growth, sex conversation etc.) impacts of hormone administration were also assessed. This study had two experiments. In the first experiment, six experi...
Dia Mamadou1,2*, Meissa Beyah1, Sow Amadou Harouna1, Ba Samba Alassane1, Bouzouma Moustapha1, Braham Cheikh Baye1 and Beibou Ely1
...iving in Mauritanian waters. Therefore, in order to make the exploitation of this species biologically, economically and socially sustainable, a monitoring of landings of this species were undertaken from 2015 to 2018. From February 2015 to June 2018, on a regular basis and at each landing of vessels targeting pink lobster, (Palinurus mauritanicus), several times a week or even daily, sampling was carried out on board the vessels or at lobster productio...
Farhat Iqbal1, Abdul Waheed2*, Zil-e-Huma3 and Asim Faraz2
... the animal. The predictors (independent variables) included in the current study were sex of the animal, neck length, diagonal body length, head girth above eyes,shank circumference, belly sprung, and rump height measurements of beetal goats (1 – 7 years in age) of Pakistan. In order to test the performance of candidate methods, various evaluation measures such as the mean absolute error, root mean squared error, mean...
Muhammad Zohaib1, Muhammad Sajjad Ansari1*, Bushra Allah Rakha2* and Ali Akhter2
...5m (1%). The bulbul prefers to make nests on northern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis; 32%) followed by guava (Psidium guajava; 19%), mango (Mangifera indica; 9%), white mulberry (Moris alba; 9%), sweat orange (Citrus X sinensis; 9%), babul (Vachellia nilotica; 7%), banyan (Ficus bengalensis; 4%), weeping fig (Ficus benjamina; 3%) and date palm (Phoenix dactylifera; 3%). The highest number of nests...
Muhammad Mohsin Javed1*, Muhammad Azhar Nisar2 and
Muhammad Usman Ahmad2
...Six different pH parameters were subjected to check the effectiveness of the treatment on the power production. The maximum power production achieved at pH 4.5 i.e. 70.5 W/m2 of power density at external load of 200 Ω. Which reveals that if the pH difference between the two chambers is increased the power density increases. Bioelectricity production from molasses has not been studied considerably. Present st...
Muhammad Zahid1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Muhammad Ijaz1, Khushi Muhammad2,Muhammad Usman1,*, Muhammad Husnain1 and Nadeem Kamal3
...asis of clinical biomarkers. A comparative analysis of physiological biomarkers was also made. For this experimental study 30 BEF positive cattle at their first lactation were selected and equally divided into three groups A, B, and C. A fourth group “D” comprising 10 healthy cattle was made as positive control while group C was negative control. The animals in group A were tre...
Amin Arif1, Khizar Samiullah1*, Riffat Yasin2, Bilal Rasool1, Shakila Naz1, Xijun Ni3 and Saleem Akhtar1
...a, isolated upper premolars and molars. After morphological and comparative analysis, the collection is attributed to Giraffokeryx punjabiensis and Giraffa priscilla. Size variation in dentition is taxonomically important for vertebrate evolutionary point of view and this is the main reason to conduct this study at this specific site to add additional information about family Giraffidae. The fossil site has wel...
Madiha Nawaz and Shoaib Freed
...ratory conditions by immersion method. Three entomopathogenic fungi; Beauveria bassiana (isolates Bb-01, Bb-08), Metarhizium anisopliae (isolates Ma-11.1, Ma-2.1) and Isaria fumosorosea (isolates If-2.3, If-02) showed percent mortalities of (61.0%, 85.0%), (78.0%, 56.0%) and (52.0%, 54.0%) with LC50 values of (4.25×108, 2.54×108 spores/ml), (3.26×108, 5.08×108 s...
Salma Javed1* and Daniyal Siddiq2
... of tomato Solanum lycopersicum (L.), causing reduction in yield and quality. The use of natural plant products as biopesticides in the prevention and control of pests and diseases has been increasing. Nematicidal activity of “Black plum Syzygium cumini, leaf aqueous, ethanol and methanol extracts were investigated for managing the population of Meloidogyne javanica, in tomato. In laboratory conditions second-stage juveniles (J2) mortality was recorded a...
Asma Hanif* and Shahnaz Dawar
... M. javanica after 96 hours, while Cina (Q) showed greater reduction in hatching and mortality at 100% concentration followed by minimum hatching of eggs when used at 75 and 50% concentrations but in case of 200 and 30 (C) potency, only 100% concentration showed maximum effect after 72 and 96 hours followed by 75% concentration which had slight effect, whereas 50% concentration found to fail in killing the second stage of ju...
Ishtiaq Ahmad1*, Abid Usman1, Khursheed Iqbal1 and Shams Ur Rehman2
... In this study, the authors argue whether the Corporate Governance characteristics influence the firm performance of Non-Financial Firms in Bangladesh. In this study, three types of industries like pharmaceutical, cement, and food were analyzed from the Dhaka Stock Exchange, Bangladesh for the period of 2010 to 2019. The authors used the diagnostic test on data that argued that the model is better, like the fixed effect mode...
Ilker Kepenekci1, F. Dolunay Erdoğuş2 and Adnan Tülek3*
...and morphometric characters. Eight species belonging to the orders Tylenchida and Aphelenchida (Nematoda) were identified: Bitylenchus dubius, Boleodorus thylactus, Filenchus filiformis, Helicotylenchus digonicus, Merlinius brevidens, Pratylenchus neglectus, Psilenchus hilarulus (Nematoda: Tylenchida) and Aphelenchoides fragariae (Nematoda: Aphelenchida). The most common species were H. digonicus and M. brevidens. This is a ...
Mohammed Abdel-Mageed Abdel-Aziz Abdel-Mageed1, Eman Alsayed Hammad2*, Nashaat Abdel-Aziz Mahmoud1 and Anas Farag El-Mesalamy1
...reduced nematode parameters compared to Oxamyl 24% L. and the untreated plants (check). The degree of nematode reduction varied according to the method of applications and the type of materials. Adding the extract with the chelating nutrients improved the properties of the plant, but adding the extract as doses to the soil reduced the numbers of nematodes better than other methods of application....
Mahmoud M.A.Youssef and Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi
...ol rice root nematode, Hirschmanniella oryzae on rice soil and root and wheat soil. Several investigators reported that number of galls and egg-masses of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita on roots of several plants were reduced gradually by increasing gamma irradiation doses. When tomato plants infected by root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita were exposed to combined elevated atmospheric CO2 concentration (+100 ...
Christopher Oche Eche1*, Juliana Iye Oluwatayo1, Demben Moses Esang2, Paul Madina2 and Alexander Uloko1
...Research Station of University of Agriculture, Makurdi during the 2019 cropping season to investigate the effect of sawdust mixed with eucalyptus biochar on nematodes associated with beniseed as well as their impact on yield. A total of nine treatments combinations were evaluated using a 3 x 3 factorial experiment laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) in three replications. The treatments combinations consisted of single applications of sawdust...
Yonis Abukar Mohamed1, Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed1,2, Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud1,3*, Abdiaziz Ahmed Mohamud1,3, Kassim Abdullahi Jimale1,2 and Said Ali Ibrahim2
...mined and 350 donkey owners were interviewed. Of these 56.9%, 24.3%, 18.9%, 79.7%, 65.4%, and 38.3%, 8.9% of donkeys were suffering from behavioral problems such as depression, digestive problems, respiratory problems, improper harnessing, ocular, hoof overgrowth and fracture, respectively. Additionally, 40.6% of the examined donkeys had varying degrees of lameness. 54.6% of the examined donkeys, were with either healed or active wounds (skin lesions), 17.4% s...
Thomby Paul, Sreekanta Biswas, Sabiha Zarin Tasnim Bristi, Debashish Sarker, Saroj Kumar Yadav and Bhajan Chandra Das*
...and Animal Sciences University, Bangladesh. The primary complaint of the owner was non-weight bearing lameness of the right forelimb of the dog due to accidental trauma. Physical examination revealed the dog was active and alert but non-weight-bearing posture of right forelimb. On palpation of the affected limb, pain and crepitation of right elbow joint particularly in olecranon were observed. A mediolateral radiograph of right elbow showed complete transve
Riaz Alam1*, Muhammad Sajid2 and Durri Shahwar3
... was practiced in cultivars: Frontoio, Manzanilla, Pendolino, Ottobratica and Picual during monsoon season. The de-barked portions at the terminal sides were applied with 0, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm IBA solution with the help of dropper. The daughter saplings of cultivar Manzanilla produced through air-layering by the application of IBA in various concentrations, produced early rooting (36.00 days), high rooting percentage (77.47%), maximum number of root...
Mohammad Aquil Siddiqui1*, Muhammad Mahran Aslam1, Mahboob Ali Sial1, Nighat Seema Soomro1, Muhammad Tahir Khan1, Shafquat Yasmeen1, Shumaila Sial2 and Imtiaz Ahmad Khan1
...logy. Surhan-2012 is a first canola mutant variety developed through the induced mutagenesis (gamma irradiations), released for general cultivation practices in the province of Sindh.
...
Jia Liu1, Zhen Wang1, Zifan Ning1, Ali Mujtaba Shah2,3,Qing Zhu1, Yan Wang1, Huadong Yin1, Zhichao Zhang1, Lu Zhang1, Yaofu Tian1, Diyan Li1,Gang Shu2,4, Lin Ye1 and Xiaoling Zhao1,*
...and, a density of myofibers, and the expression abundances of MyoD, MyoG, IGF-1, and Pax7. The body weight of FG was heavier than SG from d 7 to 70. Their muscle weights and myofiber diameters of FG were also greater than SG (P < 0.05). The expression of MyoG was affected by chicken population, age, and muscle-type. It was the heaviest in PM for FG on d 28, compared with other com...
Ziyue Qin1, Zhen Wang1, Ali Mujtaba Shah3,4, Zifan Ning1, Yaofu Tian1, Qing Zhu1, Yan Wang1, Huadong Yin1, Zhichao Zhang1, Lu Zhang1, Lin Ye1, Diyan Li1, Gang Shu2 and Xiaoling Zhao1,*
... period in broiler breeders. However, whether the chickens with different genetic background have the same response to feed restriction is not reported, herein we evaluated three levels of feed restriction effects on growth performance and blood glucose concentrations in faster- and slower- growing chicken (different genotypes). In the present study, birds were restricted to 100% to full feed in faster- and slower- growing broilers
Ömer Ertürk and Beyhan Taş*
...vatum species, the first record was made from Turkey, in 2015. In this study, a new locality record was made for this species from the province of Ordu, which is in Central Black Sea Region on the coast of South Black Sea. This wasp species, which has very important role in the functioning of ecosystem, just like other bees, is not aggressive and it does not harm people.
...
Qazi Muhammad Noman1, Farhan Mahmood Shah1, Khalid Mahmood2 and Muhammad Razaq1*
...rocera zonata (Saunders) was the most abundant fruit fly species in this study. Our results indicated a positive and significant correlation between the species of fruit flies and mean temperature in mango and citrus orchards at all locations. In mango orchards, peak population of fruit fly complex was recorded from June to July, a period when the mangoes ripe and mean temperature is high. In citrus orchards, minimum population was observed from January to...
Song Jiang, Dong-liang Liu, Fa-lin Zhou, Xian-bin Mo, Qi-bin Yang, Jian-hua Huang, Li-shi Yang and Shi-gui Jiang*
... regulation and the body’s immune process consume a lot of energy.
...
Congfen Zhang1,Yingxiao Liu2, Linfeng He2, Fengjun Shi2, Weitang Yao2 and Xuegang Luo2,*
...-Px) to improve the body’s response to heavy metal stimulation injury. Our results collectively support a relationship between uranyl acetate and alterations in the levels of antioxidant enzymes in A. pernyi fatbodies. The activities and expression of reactive oxygen species (ROS) enzymes can be used as a biomarker for detection of heavy metal contamination.
...
Seung-Yun Baek1 and Seong-Min Lee2*
...nd loss of wildlife. Understanding the temporal and spatial non-randomness of WVCs is an essential process for effective WVC management. Roe deer (Capreolus pygargus) is the most prevalent wildlife species in WVCs on Jeju Island, South Korea. This study analyzed individual temporal patterns and spatial hotspots (clusters) based on roe deer–vehicle collisions (RDVC) on Jeju Island from 2014 to 2017. RDVCs occur f...
Mst. Deloara Begum1, Md. Muniruzzaman1, Md. Salauddin2* and Md. Mostafizer Rahman1
...tified according to gram’s staining reaction, colony morphology, cultural characteristics, biochemical and antibiotic susceptibility test. All most 100% dried and 20% cooked fish sample were contaminated. In this study seven different species and 168 isolates were identified from dried fish and these were Escherichia coli 21.43% (36), Vibrio spp. 18.45% (31), Staphylococcus spp.17.86% (30), Pseudomonas spp.17.86% (30), Salmonella spp.12.5% (21), Shigella...
Zhi-Peng Li, Laiba Shafique, Saif ur Rehman, Kui-Qing Cui, Xiao-Can Lei, Xing-Rong Lu, De-Shun Shi* and Qing-You Liu*
...ignal decreased in the first 12 h but then increased during the process of oocyte maturation. QRT-PCR analysis revealed that Gas6 mRNA was continuously expressed during the process of oocyte maturation, disappeared after parthenogenetic activation, re-appeared and elevated in the blastocysts stage. The following western blot analysis revealed a similar expression pattern with QRT-PCR and immunofluorescence. In conclusion, the expression pattern of Gas6 ...
Rajesh Kumar Oad1, Nasir Rajput1, Imdad Hussain laghari1, Hidayatullah Soomro1, Muhammad Azhar Memon2, Abdul Sattar Baloch5, Qudratullah Kalwar3, Mashhood Ahmed1, Zubair Ahmed Soomro2 and Waseem Ali Vistro4*
...e: small;">Hubbard broilers were studied to investigate the influence of lysine on meats production and behavior performance. Total 300 day old chicks were divided into six groups (50 broilers each) i.e. A, B, C, D, E and F, fed ration containing 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25 percent of synthetic lysine, respectively. Feed intake in broiler group A was higher (3572 g/b) (P<0.05). Live body weight was higher in group F (...
Manar M. Farouk1*, Amal El-Molla1, Fayez A. Salib1 and Yousef A. Soliman2
...tify the management factors associated with the occurrence of salmonellosis in some diarrheic sheep and goats belonging to mixed reared flocks in Giza governorate, Egypt, 2) Investigate the presence of enterotoxin(stn) gene in the recovered Salmonella spp. strains, and 3) Build a phylogenetic tree for the partial codon sequence of stn gene of some recovered strains in order to provide a scientific basis for the implementation of practical ...
Ikechukwu Eugene Onah*, Ifeoma Esther Aniaku, Jude Ifeanyi Okwor and Ada Sylvester Haruna
...sma biochemistry parameters of C. albus determined in this study are higher in females than in the males but the mean plasma biochemistry parameters are not significantly different between the sexes (p > 0.05). A total of 388 crows comprising 276 (71.13%) and 112 (28.87%) from food and water sources respectively were recorded in the study. The population of pied crows in food sources were significantly higher than ...
Vishal Ambidi 1,3, Sanjeev Bantewad2, Suraj Prasad Mishra1, Anupama Hingane1 and Jagdish Jaba1*
...est of pigeonpea. An understanding of different morphological and biochemical components of resistance is essential for developing strategies to breed for resistance to insect pests. morphological and biochemical components associated with expression of resistance to pod borer complex in Pigeonpea hybrids and cultivars to identify accessions with a diverse combination of characteristics as...
Wei Luo 1,2,3, Yongtao Jin 1,2,3, Xuqing Li 1,2,3 and Ke Liu 1,2,3*
...betan sheep, yaks, and horses, and three kinds of wild herbivores: Tibetan antelopes, Tibetan wild assess, and blue sheep.All the kinds of large herbivores in the aerial images are detected and located using deep learning model of the MASK R-convolutional neural network (CNN), and the average recall, correct, and leakage are 89%, 98.4%, and 10.8%, respectively. Furthermore, the contour vector of the herbivores is obtained by extracting the mask generated in th...
Roheela Yasmeen1*, Laiba Asif1 and Samia Djeffal2
...e known as one of nature’s most successful scavengers. However, since the 1990’s vulture numbers in South East Asia have been in decline, especially the oriental white-rumped vulture (Gyps bengalensis), thelong-billed vulture (Gyps indicus), and the slender-billed vulture (Gyps tenuirostris). The use of the ...
Muhammad Hamza Tariq1, Mahjabeen Akram2 and Yasir Sharif3*
...g enzyme 2 (ACE2) receptors through the binding receptor of Spike Protein (S-protein). The present study aimed to investigate the phytochemicals as potential inhibitors of the binding domain of S protein so that the binding of COVID-19 with ACE2 receptors could be restrained. For this purpose, the library of 2113 phytochemicals was docked against the binding domain of the S-protein. Top te...
Sohail Anjum1, Awais Ahmad1, Farzana Bibi1 and Hazrat Ali2*
...urban areas and has dispersed throughout the study area. One of the most important factors for its population increase is the increased number of dumping sites in the area.
...
Muhammad Usman Asif*, Raza Muhammad, Waseem Akbar, Mubasshir Sohail, Muhammad Awais and Javed Asgher Tariq
...a gossypiella (Saunders) (Lepidoptera: Gelechiidae), was investigated from January 2016 to December 2018 in Tandojam, Pakistan, through pheromone trapping. Results showed that adult moths were present throughout the year in Tandojam. Moth abundance varied among months due to differences in weather conditions and host availability. The greatest moth populations were observed from August to November. Peak abundance occurred in September 2016 and 2017 (103.8 ...
Amina, Muhammad Zahid Rashid and Amina Rashid
...table acidity, total sugars, total phenolic compounds as well as antioxidants....
Iffat Nawaz1*, Tahseen Zeb1, Bibi Saima Zeb2 and Javaria Sherani3
...ndean). Furthermore, diversity in qualitative traits (leaf color, leaf pubescence, hypocotyls pigmentation, flower color, pod color, growth habit, dry pod color, pod curvature, pod beak position, pod beak orientation, seed shape, seed coat pattern and seed color) was studied by using standard Chi square test for homogeneity of populations. Results showed that agro climatic conditions have no influence on the qualitative traits. Secondly, each landrace has its ...
Dilshad Ahmad1*, Muhammad Afzal2 and Asif Ali Abro3
...livestock household farmers and employed regression analysis model to estimate credit impact on household income and livestock production. An economic technique of log-linear regression model was applied to identify the factors influencing dairy production and estimate household income difference from dairy production due to formal credit from Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited (ZTBL). Estimates of the study indicated that agricul...
Ruqia Bibi1, Najam-un-Nisa1, Sania Komal1, Hafiza Nimra Ghani Qureshi1, Maryam Safdar1, Hafiza Hina Jameel1, Saman Gul1, Sania Saeed1 and Inam Ullah1,2*
...Chashma Lake during winters (2017-2018 and 2018-2019). As the birds are the best indicators for environmental changes, the migratory bird’s fauna was observed from September to March 2017-2019. The line-transect method was used to explore the avifauna diversity at the study site. 16371 individuals were observed belonging to 11 families belonging to...
Mubeen Zahra1,2, Muhammad Nawaz3, Muhammad Umer Chattha4, Imran Khan4, Muhammad Bilal Chattha5*, Muhammad Ashraf Bhatti6, Abdul Rehman4, Faryal Ahmed4, Faran Muhammad4, Mina Kharal7 and Muhammad Umair Hassan4
...f different wheat cultivars. The study was comprised of early drought treatment such as I0 (control), I1 (fist irrigation 30 days after sowing), I2 (first irrigation 45 days after sowing) and I3 (first irrigation 60 days after sowing) and wheat cultivars Faisalabad-2008 (standard height and low tillering), Td-1 (low height and low tillering) and Galaxy-2...
Bibek Aryal, Naresh Pandey and Laxman Khanal*
...mblage of biological diversity. Bird diversity serves as a good ecological indicator; hence, this study examined the effects of urbanization on bird species richness and diversity in Butwal Sub-Metropolitan City, one of the rapidly expanding cities in the central lowland Nepal. Bird surveys were conducted during the winter and post-monsoon seasons of 2020 along eight transects each of 2 km...
Muhammad Usman Hanif, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Arshad, Muhammad Irfan Ullah
... to local vegetable growers for effective integrated management of E. vigintioctopunctata and other foliage-feeding beetles.
Novelty Statement | This study demonstrates the synergistic action of the binary combinations of biorational synthetic insecticide (spinosad) and botanical extract (Azadirachta indica) which can be effectively used against the infestations of hadda beetle Epilachna viginti...
Ayesha Khan1*, Asmatullah2, Urooba Perviaz1, Khalid Nawab1 and Mahmood Iqbal1
...gh fermenter on fertilizers usage and irrigation of selected crops. Organic farming is the dire need of the day; to overcome the excessive use of chemical fertilizers alternative methods are adopted to decrease use of fertilizers. One of the techniques for organic farming is EM-Technology. EM-Technology is used in addition with animal manure and other organic wastes effectively in agricult...
Atef El-Sagheer1*, Anas El-Mesalamy1, Abdel-Monem Anany2 and Nashaat Mahmoud1
... exposure time. At 24 hours, increased the mean number of J2 hatched slowly than in first stages of experiment. Similar patterns showed against M. javanica infecting squash plants under greenhouse conditions. Data indicated that treatment with P. guilliermondii filtrate (1012) caused best percentage of nematode reduction (71.46%). Followed by S. roseus at (1012) (42.95 %), then in third treatment with C. albidus (103) by (40...
Sonam Khatri1, Shaheen Faizi2, Shahina Fayyaz1 and Erum Iqbal1*
...n environment and biodiversity which create urgency in development of an alternative biosafe measure to control these pests. In this regards, researchers have focused on the use of phytopesticides which are eco-friendly and easily accessible and degradable in soil as compared to synthetic chemcials. The given information in this review article highlights the importance of Citrullus colocynthis L. Schrad as a promising biolog...
Yaregal Tilahun1*, Benyam Tadesse1, Getachew Mekonnen2 and Tilahun Bekele3
...ntribution to households’ cash income in the study area. However, decreasing productivity in the sector with price volatility led to a decline in output. Due to this fact, the studies were assessing the production trend with their bottlenecks, and identify the determinant of tea productivity and inefficiency through Cobb Douglas and stochastic frontier model. Data from a primary and secondary source of information were used from 135 tea out-growe
Monif AlRashidi1*, Sami Saeed M. Hassan2 and Mohammed Shobrak3
...his study recorded the first nesting attempt of the Eurasian Spoonbill (Platalea leucorodia) in Al-Fanateer Island, located about 1.5 km east of Jubail Industrial City, Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia. A trail camera was used to record and describe the nest attendance behavior of this species over 24 h. The results showed that the egg was incubated more than 80% in each two-hour period except for the periods (00:00 - 01:59 h; 02:00 - 03:59 h and 20:00 - ...
Nasir Ali Tauqir1, Asim Faraz2*, Muhammad Arif1, Abdul Rehman1, Imtiaz Hussain1, Abdul Waheed2, Gabriele Marino3 and Michela Pugliese3
...faloes on their nutrient’s intake and utilization, milk yield and composition, nitrogen balance and hematological parameters. Fifteen lactating Nili-Ravi buffaloes in mid lactation with almost similar milk production were randomly divided into three different groups of five females within each according to completely randomized design. Three iso-caloric and iso-nitrogenous diets with high, medium and low levels of lysi...
Misbah Sarwar1*, Abdul Hamid2 and Iftikhar Hussain2
...vey. A total of 110 hunters were interviewed from 10 different hunting camps and record of capturing was documented from 2012 to 2015. The results revealed that 11.8% (n=13) hunters captured the cranes by hand, 36.4% (n=40) hunters captured them by Soai, while 51.4% (n=57) hunters employed both of these methods to capture cranes. In total, 7947 cranes we...
Abdul Sattar*, Hasan Orooj and Muhammad Iqbal Afridi
...e epidemic had erupted first time in the year 2011. DHS, MCI/CDA adopted WHO strategy for vector control, however, a new strategic tier was additionally introduced i.e. high risk mapping and response. The team of DHS (Health) envisaged that the load of disease followed by precise micro plan/ mapping that details out distribution of disease, vector (pre-adult and adult stage), as well as sectors vulnerable for dengue be earma...
Abdul Sattar*, Hasan Orooj and Muhammad Iqbal Afridi
...e epidemic had erupted first time in the year 2011. DHS, MCI/CDA adopted WHO strategy for vector control, however, a new strategic tier was additionally introduced i.e. high risk mapping and response. The team of DHS (Health) envisaged that the load of disease followed by precise micro plan/ mapping that details out distribution of disease, vector (pre-adult and adult stage), as well as sectors vulnerable for dengue be earma...
Mazhar Ullah and Mohammad Sayyar Khan*
... sugarcane. Various factors affecting tissue culture must be evaluated and optimized to produce maximum callus and regenerated plantlets. In this research, different auxins [Dichlorophenoxy Acetic acid (2,4-D), Nephthalene Acetic Acid (NAA)], cytokinin [Benzyl Amino Purine (BAP)] either alone or in combination with each other and carbon sources [sucrose, glucose and fructose] with varying concentrations (2, 4 and 6%) were evaluated for their effect on the tiss...
Hailong Dong1, Fubin Gan2, Khalid Mehmood3, Jiang-Yong Zeng4, Rao Zahid Abbas5, Mushtaq Ahmad Gondal6, Zhenyu Chang1 and Qingxia Wu1*
... worldwide. However, yak’s fascioliasis is rarely reported on Tibetan Plateau. In this study, serological survey and associated risk factors of Fasciola hepatica (F. hepatica) infection in Tibetan yaks was investigated using an ELISA assay. The results showed that the 305/849 (35.92%) studied animals were sero-positive for F. hepatica with the further distribution of 24.20% (38/157),...
Muhammad Arsalan1, Muhammad Aman Ullah1 and Abdul Waheed2,*
...morphological traits. Pearson correlations between live body weight and 13 other morphological traits obtained to analyze the nature and strength of the relationship. Simple regression models were fitted to predict live body weight from 13 other morphological traits as independent variables. Descriptive statistics of body indices and morphological traits were also reported. The variation pattern was observed by coefficient of variation in both body indices and...
Ho-Seong Cho1 and Yeonsu Oh2,*
...carcinoma. This is the first case report of a cholangiocarcinoma in the puma.
...
Nasir Ali Tauqir1, Asim Faraz2*, Annamaria Passantino3, Muhammad Asif Shahzad1, Rana Muhammad Bilal4, Adeel Tahir1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq2 and Abdul Waheed2
...xhibited lower feed conversion ratio as compared to other treatments. Birds fed diets B (CE3) also exhibited significantly higher nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristic as compared to other treatments. Growth responses, nutrient digestibility and carcass characteristics of birds were optimized fed 3% of CSL and Enzose mixture as compared to others.
...
Shabana Naz1*, Nishat Ali Khan1, Arnab Tanweer1, Shifa Moazzam1, Qudrat Ullah2, Farkhanda Asad1, Irfan Khattak3, Sajida Batool4 and Rifat Ullah Khan5
... and modified Macmaster’s egg counting technique. The results showed that 21 peafowl (8 males and 13 females) were infected with Eimeria sp. (66.33 %), Ascaridia sp. (3.33 %,) Strongyloides sp. (3.33 %), Ascaris sp. (6.67), Heterakis sp. (3.33 %), and Hymenolepis sp. (10 %). The overall prevalence of gastrointestinal parasites was 70 % having EPG 9150. The ...
Zahid Beg Mirza1,*, Naveed Ali Soomro2 and Farwah Shariff1
...co-region. IUCN Pakistan’s team conducted a pre-monsoon baseline survey in the province in the dry season in June 2019 and another survey in the vulture breeding season, in February 2020. Methodology included direct field observations and interviews of local communities. Field Guide to the Birds of Pakistan, by the senior author and other related literature, as well as the use of a high resolution camera helped in the identification of the species. Durin...
He Yujiao1,2, Xie Huichun1, Lin Gonghua2,3, ZhangTongzuo2,3, Su Jianping2,3 and Du Yurong1*
... generated using mtDNA versus microsatellite markers. The most obvious difference between the two markers was reflected in the fact that the populations Yelashan (YLS) and Bangda (BD) represented a separate cluster based on the microsatellite data. Additionally, our studies involving the comparison of the two markers also reveal that a few of the differe...
Nawab Khan1, Ram L. Ray2, Muhammad Ihtisham3*, Badar Naseem Siddiqui4*, Muhammad Khayyam5, Raheel Anjum6 and Simplice A. Asongu7
... landholding of the farmers with their awareness and adoption level was measured through the chi-squire (χ2) test. The research outcomes showed that 49.2% of the respondents were middle-aged (35-50 years), the majority (72.5%) were illiterate, and 45% of respondents had medium-sized landholding, and they had excellent farming knowledge and apple growing experience. Furthermore, a non-significant association exists betwee...
Rasool Bux Kalhoro1, Ghulam Mustafa Laghari2*, Ghulam Hyder Jamro2 and Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio2
...hout the world.A two- years (2007-2008) fieldtrail was carried out to improve the soybean production under integrated agronomic practices.A three replicated experimental design was conducted, which consisted of three different seed rates (60, 75 and 90 kg ha-1) and row spacings (30cm, 45cm, and 60cm). The results exhibited higher plant 55.24cm and 55.14cm at 45 cm row spacing under the interaction of seed rate 60 and 75 kg ha-1, respectively. Whereas maximum l...
Syeda Shazia Bokhari, Aisha Waheed Qurashi*, Roheela Yasmeen*, Fouzia Yasmeen, Nabeela Nayab, Uzma Rafi
...s are called soil engineers as they increase the soil fertility. The study was aimed to see the aggregation potential of microbial communities which are associated with earthworms (Lumbricus terrestris) towards adherence and exopolysaccharides productions. Both productions are important parameters of plant growth promoting bacteria. Earthworms, along with soil sample, were collected from different areas of Lahore. Bacteria w...
Samreen Khan*, Salma Javed, Tabassum Ara Khanum, Nasira Kazi
...etables, ornamental flowers, medicinal plants and other commercially important trees from different four sites of district Lakki Marwat and subsequently assessed the presence of EPNs using last instar larva of greater wax moth Galleria mellonella L. as baited host. After completion of requisite process, resultantly the corresponding recovery rate of EPNs was found 10.9% which includes only genus Steinernema comprising two isolates of S. balochiense (24%), two ...
Iqra Mobeen1*, Rabia Arif1*,Maimoona Ilyas1, Siu Fai Lee2 and Muhammad Saleem1
... class of molecular markers present in the genome of many organisms. The current study represents the first attempt to investigate the natural variations in the RK-MTases genes; Ribosomal N-lysine methyltransferase1 (RKM1) and Ribosomal N-lysine methyltransferase4 (RKM4) in Sordaria fimicola using SNP markers. A total seven SNPs in the RKM1 gene and nine ...
Sadaf Ashraf1, Masood Ahmed Siddiqui1*, Kanwal Nisa1, Samar Ali1 and Naeem Rashid2
...stic of GH13 family members. Recombinant Pcal_0222 was purified to apparent homogeneity using cation exchange and gel filtration column chromatographies. Purified Pcal_0222 exhibited optimal α-amylase activity at 85°C and pH 5.5. The activity was not dependent on any metal ion. The hyperthermophilic nature and metal ion independence make it a suitable candidate for both basic as well as applied research.
...
Funda Turan1*, Ihsan Akyurt2 and Sehriban Cek-Yalniz1
...trol were applied by immersion method on C. gariepinus larvae for 30 days, and the effects of red clover extract on sex reversal and gonadal development were also examined at the end of 120 days.At the end of experiment, highest feminization (89%) was observed at 50 mg L-1 red clover group. Morphological and histological examinations of the gonads in all groups revealed no inters
Khanitta Ruangwittayanusorn1, Doungnapa Promket1*, Kamonnate Pimrueng1, Jennarong Kammongkun2
...e potential genetic markers for chickens’ selection to improve egg number.
Adel M. Abdelrahman1, Sahar R. Mohamed1, Soliman M. Soliman2, Sherif Marouf3*
...els which adapt with adverse environmental conditions and provide milk, meat, wool, hides, and skin. Gram-negative Pseudomonas aeruginosa is harbor multidrug antimicrobial resistance of camel has serious consequences for human health, so, this study aimed to characterized of P. aeruginosa especially extended spectrum β-lactamases (ESBL) producing one; phenotypic and genotypic. The isolates of P. aeruginosa were confirmed biochemically by a Vitek 2 compact...
Farah Deeba1, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Muhammad Irfan2, Muhammad Khan1 and Javed Iqbal Qazi1*
...cted from local termites’ influenced areas. Of all these, three isolates gave positive test for chitinase screened on the bases of clear zone on CPM following chitinase assay. The best chitinase producer was selected and identified as Bacillus subtilis employing 16S rRNA gene sequence identification technique. B. subtilis yielded highest chitinase on CPM at pH 7 with 3% inoculum size after incubating at 37 °C for 3 days. Plackett-Burman...
Md. Sanjid Hasan1, A K M Humayun Kober1, Eaftekhar Ahmed Rana2, Md Saiful Bari1,3,4*
...the associated risk factors of udder lesions and SCM, and to identify the association of udder lesions with SCM. Clinical inspection, palpation and observation were the main tools for determining the udder lesions whereas California Mastitis Tests (CMT) were used for the diagnosis of SCM. Milk samples from CMT positive cows and swab samples from cows’ udder surface with lesions were collected for laboratory analysis. L...
Teuku Fadlon Haser1*, Muh. Saleh Nurdin2, Eddy Supriyono3, Deni Radona4, Fauziah Azmi1 , Kukuh Nirmala3, Widanarni3, Tri Heru Prihadi4, Tatag Budiardi3 and Riris Yuli Valentine5
...asah and Lawe Melang Rivers, Aceh, Indonesia. This research aimed to analyse and compare of mahseer biology including sex ratio, length and weight relationship, Fulton and relative condition factor and fecundity to estimate the reproductive potential of mahseer in these two rivers. The study was conducted from July to December 2019. Mahseer samples were obtained from fishermen who captured the fish using gillnet with mesh si...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Misbah Rizwan2, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Tahir3, Muhammad Sabar1, Muddassar Ali1 and Muhammad Yasir Ali4
...posure risks, residual perseverance and development of resistance. So there is a need to find out an alternate practice for the management of this pest. Pest damage may be reduced through the proper management of nutrients requirements and modifications with mineral nutrients such as Silicon (Si). In this experiment, Si amendments, at the rate of 1.25 and 2.50 g Sikg-1 soil were applied under controlled conditions to investigate the resistance impac...
Syed Shahid Imran Bukhari1*, Nusrat Jahan2, Muhammad Khalil Ahmed Khan3, Mariam Zaheer1, Sabir Javed1
...erum biochemical parameters viz. total cholesterol, triacylglycerols and glucose in Group 3 in comparison to Group 1 (p<0.05). An overall statistically significant decline in serum values of studied parameters was noted compared to the corresponding control values. High dose (400mg/kg) was effective in reducing blood sugar random and fasting blood glucose level (58.00±6.35 and 66.00±2.5 mg/dl) respectively. ...
Najeeb Ullah1*, Muhammad Nadeem2, Malik Mujaddad-ur-Rehman1, Rubina Nelofer2 and Yasir Arfat3
Ayesha Muzamil, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir, Shaukat Ali, Iram Liaqat, Aamir Ali, Muhammad Summer
... | Inflammation is the first line of defense in invertebrates and vertebrates as it helps in fight against tissues injury or foreign invaders. Uncontrolled or excessive inflammation is destructive for normal homeostatic processes of body. Most of the modern human diseases such as asthma, allergy, autoimmune diseases, hepatitis, coeliac disease, inflammatory bowel disease and glomerulonephritis are linked directly or indirect...
Khlood G. Abdelkhalek*, Aly B. A. Badawy, Mohamed Fathi, Elshymaa A. Abdelnaby
...s elevated (P<0.05) firstly from 5-months to 6.5-months-old, and then a second elevation was reported at 9.5-months-old, both E2 and NOMs levels were increased significantly (P<0.05) from 8-months to 10-months-old. Testosterone level showed a significant (P<0.05) increase from 8.5-months to 10-months-old, while LH level was elevated from 6.5-months to 7.5-months-old. Both Doppler indices; resistive index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) were negatively...
Mohammed Naji Ahmed Odhah1,2*, Dhary Alewy Almashhadany6, Abdullah Garallah Otaifah7, Bashiru Garba5, Najeeb Mohammed Salah2, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse4*, Mohd Azam Khan G.K3
... economic losses and adverse public health challenges in most countries, including the Middle East countries. This study was designed to investigate the current prevalence of hydatidosis and to determine the fertility of hydatid cysts among some ruminants (both local and imported breeds of cattle, sheep, and goats) slaughtered in the abattoirs in Dhamar Province-Yemen. The samples were collected from the Central Corporation ...
Eman H. Mahrous1, Mohamed. W. Abd Al -Azeem2, Faisal A. Wasel1, Waleed Younis2*
...ng species-specific primers by conventional PCR with an incidence of 6.7%, besides belonging to serogroup A by multiplex PCR. Serologically only eight isolates belong to somatic serotypes 1, 3, and 12 with a percentage of 20%, 10%, and 10% respectively, while other isolates were untypable. All the recovered isolates were further subjected to multiplex PCR screening of some common virulence genes and revealed the presence of pfhA, hgbB, tbpA, toxA, sodA, ptfA,...
Nguyenthuy Linh1, Nguyen Thi Kim Dong2*, Nguyen Van Thu3
...in two periods. Two factors of the trial were dietary lysine levels (0.8%, 1.0% and 1.2%) and metabolizable energy (ME) levels (12.55MJ/kg DM and 12.97MJ/kg DM) for 8-week-old period; and dietary lysine levels (0.7%; 0.9%; 1.1%), and ME levels (13.39MJ/kg DM; 13.81 MJ/kg DM) for 10-week-old period. There were three replications and four ducks per experimental unit. The findings indicated that the apparent nutrient digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, and EE w...
Longjun Guo*, Jiaqi Teng, Juan Wang and Yukun Chen
...tasis of brain nerve fibers or white matter. In terms of leukoaraiosis degree, FA decreased. Where, DR increased, AMO decreased, Dave and DAx remained unchanged. Most FA reduction observed in white matter was observed in the corpus callosum. In the end we concluded τ protein expression in cerebrospinal fluid can enable identification of the occurrence of LA symptoms to a certain extent. Its combined use with DTI, an important tool for non-invasive analysis...
Amr N. El-Shahat1, Refaat G. Hamza1,*, Ashraf M. Mounir1 and Madeha N. Al-Seeni2
Syed Sikandar Habib1*, Saira Naz2, Sadia Nawaz1, Iqra Ameer1, Ameer Khatoon1, Hameed Ur Rehman3, Sahibzada Muhammad Jawad4 and Haider Ali5
...he hematological parameters of farm and river Chenab (wild) selected fish species including (Labeo rohita, Cirrhinus mrigala, Cyprinus carpio, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Ctenopharyngodon idella). Fish species selected for the current study is generally widely cultured in Pakistan and worldwide. Fish sampling was done by using different nets (river and farm) and blood sampling was immediately drawn from caudal peduncle by syringe and added in EDTA cont...
Jarosław Pytlewski1, Ireneusz R. Antkowiak1 and Ewa Czerniawska-Piątkowska2*
...ollowing rearing parameters: body weight at birth, body weight at weaning on day 270, daily weight gain from birth to weaning, age at first calving and body weight after first calving. The frequency of alleles of the analysed loci was: T =0.2887 and G =0.7913 (IVS4-39G>T), A =0.1087 and G =0.8913 (IVS5+438G>A) and A = 0...
Nabila Rasheed1*, Bushra Waseem1, Kanwal Haneef2, Shumaila Usman3, Madeeha Sadiq1, Tabinda Urooj1, Sarah Tarique2 and Dabeeran Zeha4
...lls derived from Wharton’s jelly of human umbilical cord (WJMSCs) are considered as the potential therapeutic agents for regeneration and are a valuable source for stem cell banking. Current investigation shows metabolic disorders are not only responsible for genetic problems and certain disease risk factors in adult life but also have adverse effe...
Jhan Zeb1*, Saiqa Tufail1, Nausheen Saboohi1, Zafar Samuel2, Asher Azeem3, Yaseen Amir4 and Sehrish Akram5
...eatments, showing an inverse relationship with body fats. The feeding regime D4 (9.5/30% lipid/protein level) gave fish the highest flesh proteins i.e. 19.17±0.03%. The carcass lipid were generally higher in fish groups fed lower protein level whereas the fish groups fed higher protein level fetched comparatively lower body lipids. Body ash contents of L. rohita varied slightly among the treatments showing no obvious significant influe...
Abdullah Abdo Albegali1, Tayyaba Aftab1, Atiq-ur-Rehman1*, Amir Rashid1 and Mayada Mohammad1,2
...nd haematological disorders. This study was done in the investigation of antihyperlipidemic effects of methanol extract of seeds of this plant in hyperlipidaemia Wistar albino rats induced by Triton X-100. There were 4 groups of rats: Group A served as normal; Group B, C and D were given high cholesterol diet and administered with intraperitoneal injection of Triton X-100 to induce hyperlipidaemia. Group B was administered with distilled water and high cholest...
Muhammad Anwarullah1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Muhammad Ijaz1, Aftab Ahmad Anjum2, Muhammad Usman1*,Muhammad Zahid Iqbal1, Muhammad Husnain1,Ahsan Anjum3, Qurratulain Ashraf4 and Ghulam Mustafa3
...non-associated risk factors of MAP were also considered. It was found that positive percentage of MAP was 2.20 times more in buffaloes than in cattle; 21.19 times more in females than in males; 1.04 times more in adult animals having age >6 years; and 1.20 times more in dry animals compared to milking animals. Furthermore, body condition score (BCS), type of housing, and condition of drinking water were also found to have...
Vladimir Safonov
...dy with selenium can adversely affect the oxidant-antioxidant status of the animal since this microelement belongs to the most important antioxidant defense enzyme glutathione peroxidase. This article examines the intensity of lipid peroxidation processes and the functioning of the antioxidant defense system in pregnant and calved cows in the area with selenium favorable agrobiocenoses (Voronezh region, Russian Federation) and selenium-deficient biogeochemica...
Sadarman1, Agung Irawan2, Muhammad Ridla3, Anuraga Jayanegara3*, Nahrowi3, Roni Ridwan4, Ahmad Sofyan5, Hendra Herdian5, I Nyoman Guna Darma5, Teguh Wahyono6, Dewi Febrina1, Rakhmad Perkasa Harahap7, Rizki Amalia Nurfitriani8, Danung Nur Adli9
...s. Degradability parameters were measured at 0, 4, 12, 24, 48, and 72 h of incubation time. Results showed that adding either CT or HT on soy sauce residue did not affect the degradation kinetics as represented by the values of the soluble fraction (a), degradation rate (c), and effective degradability (ED) value. However, there was a significant decrease in the value of potentially degradable fraction (b) and a+b (potential degradation) of dry matter (DM) and...
Noor Bad Shah Khattak1, Hamayun Khan1, Muhammad Tarique Tunio2, Shakoor Ahmad1, Nazir Ahmad3, Syed Murtaza Hassan Andrabi4, Obaidullah5, Ihsan Ali1,5,* and Nan-Zhu Fang5,*
...t-thawed quality indicators of frozen buffalo bull’s spermatozoa. Semen samples were obtained from the bulls for three weeks through artificial vagina. Egg yolk was used as an extender, in which different concentrations of GT extract (0.0%, 0.50%, 1.0%, 1.5%, 2.0% and 2.5%) were added. Semen quality indicators studied were the percentage of motility, survivability, plasma membrane in...
Weihao Chen1, 2, Zhilong Tian1, Lin Ma1, Shangquan Gan3, Wei Sun2, 4* and Mingxing Chu1*
...ard loops. This is the first study to systematically analyze the expression patterns of clock genes in rams.
...
Xiaoyun He1, Yongfu La2, Jinxin Wang1, Ran Di1, Qiuyue Liu1, Xiangyu Wang1, Wenping Hu1 and Mingxing Chu1*
...ture of FSHR gene’s promoter, expression regulation and the correlation between polymorphism with fecundity. The results show that it is highly possible that the promoter of FSHR gene is in the region of 2045-2295bp and 2038-2288bp, TATA box was also found there. The expression differences were found in oviduct during every stage of estrous cycle (P<0.05) between Small Tail Han (STH) sheep and Tan (T) sheep. There were significant...
Tilahun Woretaw1, Netsanet Beyero2*, Yonatan Kassu3
... means, and standard errors of the mean. At the same time quantitative data were subjected to ANOVA. P. schimperiana leaves and twigs were used as animal feed, traditional medicinal value, and source of income as indicated by 100, 59.4, and 44.6% of respondents, respectively. As animal feed, about 100, 80.2, 69.3, 58.4, 50.5, 42.6, 30.7, 19.8, and 5.9% of them utilized to supplement their milk cow, dry cow, heifers, calves, ...
Muhammad Waryam Warraich1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1*, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Fakhar Mujeeb3, Muhammad Zeeshan Maznoor1, Aneela Riaz4 and Sarfraz Hussain2
...ional potassium fertilizers (MOP & SOP) on wheat growth and potassium availability in soil. Carbon sequestering fertilizers were applied @ 0% (Control), 0.5 & 1% of soil weight along with recommended rated of commercial K fertilizers. After the crop was harvested, soil sampling was carried out followed by analysis in the laboratory. It was observed that use of press mud @ Yield 1 %...
Muhammad Taqi1, Shazia Erum2, Shamaila Rasheed2, Sadar Uddin Siddiqui2 and Shakeel Ahmad Jatoi2*
... salts enriched with diverse plant growth regulators including BAP, NAA, Kin and 2,4-D, alone as well as in combinations. The highest growth response for callusing 78.3% was observed in BAP (0.5mg/L) in combination with Kinetin (0.25mg/L) +NAA (2 mg/L) followed by 65% at 2 mg/L of 2,4-D. Maximum percentage of shooting (81.67%) with the maximum mean value for number of shoots (7.56) and shoot length (7.07) occurred when the f...
Hongbin Li1,2, Lei Fang1, 3 and Lei Cao1,2*
...s been applied as a universal explanation for spring migration timing of avian herbivores. However, studies of the green wave hypothesis have focused on species feeding intensively on above-ground primary production. To test whether a facultative grazer strictly follows the green wave, we used 16 complete tracks in time and space of spring migrating tundra bean geese (Anser serrirostris)fitted with telemetry devices from two flyways between Yangtze Rive...
Safdar Ali1*, Muhammad Umar1, Bashir Ahmad Khan2, Ijaz Ahmed3, Amir Manzoor1, Muhammad Saqib Riaz1, Muhammad Irfan Arif1 and Asif Nawaz1
...unit area income of farmers is very low and the soils of this region are very poor. Mostly mono-cropping system is prevailing here. So, the pearl millet and mung bean were selected as test crops to evaluate the intercropping system in this region for the ultimate improvement of the net profitability of the farmers per unit area simultaneously not compromising with the food security and soil health. Different line spacing&
Sanjeela Sabahat1*, Juliya Abbasi2, Mushtaq Ahmad1, Saima Mumtaz1, Taj Naseeb Khan1, Sudheer Tariq1 and Muhammad Imran1
...al fruit crop where runners are transplanted every year. Owing to its short growing period and high profitability, it is mostly produced by small scale farmers. However, the changing climate from the past few years has affected strawberry production in Pakistan. Heavy rainfall, along with hailstorms causes damage at the fruit initiation stage. Moreover, the rainfall also lead to the leachi...
Aftab Ahmad Sheikh1, Khalil Ahmed1*, Belqees Akhter1, Ghulam Qadir1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1, Hafeezullah Rafa1, Abdul Wakeel1, Abdul Manan Saeed2
... that water salinity adversely affected the quantitative and qualitative attributes of sorghum crop and negative effects were more pronounced with higher level of salinity ECiw (10 dS m-1). Irrigation with higher level of salinity ECiw (10 dS m-1) decresed the plant height (9%), fresh fodder yield (16.21%), dry biomass yield (7.86%), crude fat (25.40%) and crude protein (17.94%) as compared to control. Results also showed that water salinity of 4 dS m-1 did no...
Stephen Chijioke Emencheta1, Chinelo Charity Eze1, Anthony Amaechi Attama2, Damian Ejike Agbo1 and Ebele Benedette Onuigbo1*
...rom residential wastewaters. The isolated Pseudomonas spp. were confirmed through biochemical tests. Antibiogram was done with nine (9) different antibiotics, including;aztreonam (ATM), chloramphenicol (CPL), gentamicin (GTN), tetracycline (TTE), sulphamethoxazole/trimethoprim (SXT), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (AMC), meropenem (MEM), ciprofloxacin (CIP), ceftriaxone (CRO)). Plaque assay was done to determine lytic action of the bacteriophage on the lawns of t...
Daniel Stewart Robertson
...inated with attenuated versions of the virus particles produced by his or her own cells. Observations supporting the proposals are presented....
Pham Tan Nha*, Le Thu Thuy
...t gain and low feed conversion ratio.
Keywords | Hoa Lan duck, Shrimp soluble extracts
...
Vahid Mollasadeghi1,2* and Samaneh Elyasi1,2
...stigated the effect of Pars Humic on potato cultivars Agria in Rezvanshahr city in 2020-2021 in greenhouse conditions in order to reduce the damage caused by Virus Y in potato. Pathogen-free seedlings of potatoes were propagated and grown and then transferred to sterile plastic pots with suitable soil. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) was performed in three replications. Pars Hu...
M. Hanafy1, Rehab Elhelw2, Soliman M. Soliman3, Sherif Marouf2*
...characterization of members of Pasteurella species isolated from camel from different governorates in Egypt. Camels with respiratory manifestation as nasal discharge, fever, off food, with ocular discharge and air gasping, paralysis of lips and salivation were subjected to clinical examination and a total of 141 samples were collected as follow; 111 nasopharyngeal swabs, 15 tracheal swabs and 15 lung specimens collected from camels from different governorates ...
Muhammad1, Saadat Mehmood1,2, Atif Muhammad1*, Zaib Ullah3
...blood from an infected person and unhygienic practices during surgery and medical treatment are the main causes of hepatitis. It is suggested to implement high care on the occasion of surgery, injection, and blood transfusion. Furthermore, awareness campaigns regarding blood transmission and health hazards of Hepatitis should be launched for the population.
Novelty Statement | The study indicate...
Arshad Farooq1, Abdul Hassan1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Asif Nawaz3*, Iltaf Ullah4 and Hidayatullah5
... out in two districts Charsadda and Nowshera of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province during 2020 with main objectives to measure farmers’ knowledge level in fourteen climate smart recommended agricultural production technologies. The data were collected randomly from 60 sample respondents comprised of 30 respondents each from Charsadda and Nowshera district...
Asad Ullah1*, Umar Sadique2, Ibadullah Jan2, Imad Khan1, Raheela Taj3, Mumtaz Ali Khan4, Salah-ud-din4, Naimat Ullah Khan1
...ir employees(174), butchers(294), veterinarian(10) and veterinary assistants(22). Two out of 100 TB patients (2/100), 3 out of 200 livestock farm workers (3/200) and 3 out of 23 abattoir workers (3/23) were found positive for the presence of M bovis through PCR technique. A significant association (p<0.05) was found between livestock farm workers and ...
Nacira Djabali1*, Souad Dougat2, Wahida Haddadi2 and Lamis Fadhli2
...size: small;">Glycol ethers (GEs) are amphiphilic solvents widely used for industrial or domestic applications. Their toxic effects on the reproduction and development of mammals have been well studied. This family presents important structural differences leading to various behaviors in terms of their metabolism and their toxic effects. This work aims to study the impact of ethylene glycol monomethyl ether (EGME) on the gon...
Samaria Nisar1, Tariq Manzoor Khan1, Muhammad Ahsan Iqbal1, Rahmat Ullah2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta3*, Saghir Ahmad3, Amna Bibi3, Hafeez ur Rehman4, Umar Farooq4 and Muhammad Zubair Ishaq5
...d Genetics section, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad; Pakistan, during the normal growing season of cotton. A Randomized Complete Block design with three replications was used for the study. Plant height (PH), boll weight (BW), bolls/plant (BP), ginning out turn (GOT percent), hundred seed weight (100SW), yield/plant (YP), fiber fineness (FF), fiber length (FL), and fiber strength (FS) all revealed substantial variation in the analysis of variance (FS). T...
Aiguo Zhou1,2,4, Shaolin Xie1,2, Zhuolin Sun1,2, Yongyong Feng1,2, Shulin Liu1,2, Di Sun1,2, Yanfeng Chen3 and Jixing Zou1,2*
... were the main contributors to the first principal component (35.435% contribution rate). The scatter diagram of the principal component analysis showed that white type and Channa argus hadcommon overlap, while the other three Channa species were grouped together. Cluster analysis showed that all Channa species can be completely separated, and O. argus var Kimnra and C. argus clustered toge...
Zahoor Hussain1,2, Yasir Iftikhar3, Mustansar Mubeen3, Muhammad Zia Saleem3, Muhammad Umer Naseer3, Muhammad Luqman4, Raheel Anwar5, Faheem Khadija6 and Aqleem Abbas7
... and biochemical parameters of citrus greening infected fruit include fruit diameter, fruit weight, flavedo thickness, total soluble solids, ascorbic acids, juice percentages, TSS/TA ratio, total soluble solids, and titratable acidity were statistically analyzed. The application of Zinc sulphate (0.75 g/L) combined with Manganese sulphate (0.75 g/L) had significantly increased the fruit diameter, fruit weight, flavedo thickness, total soluble solids, ascorbic ...
Stefan Pratama Chandra1, Yoanes Maria Vianney1, Theresia Liliani Christie2, Merlyn Wongso2, Melisa Widjaja2, Deok-Chun Yang3, Se Chan Kang4, Manar Fayiz Mousa Atoum5,6 and Johan Sukweenadhi1*
.... Bintang Toedjoe), University of Surabaya (Ubaya), and Hanbang-Bio Laboratory (holding company of Kyung Hee University) established the Kalbe Ubaya Hanbang-Bio Laboratory (KUH Lab), a collaboration initiated to achieve the independence of raw materials. This laboratory is devoted to developing the plant tissue culture protocol for the mass production of P. ginseng root cultures. This paper is the fi
Ali Ikhwan1*, Dian Indratmi1, Faridlotul Hasanah1, Manar Fayiz Mousa Atoum2,3 and Irum Iqrar4,5
...ract metabolites and understand their effectiveness in inhibiting C. capsici. Purple cleome leaf is extracted with 1:1 w/v absolute methanol and concentrated with 1:1 v/v cold absolute methanol, and then the supernatant is purified using a centrifuge. The metabolic analysis was performed using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and comparing the data with the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database to obtain specific meta...
Faryal Malik, Mudassar Nawaz Khan* and Israr-ud-Din
...he morphological parameters of shoot & root lengths and weights were suppressed in flooded seedlings, but recovered during the recovery. CAT activity in Atta Habib was raised from 1.63 under flooding stress to 2.32 unit/mg protein at the end recovery period. SOD activity was increased from 2.27 to 3.15 unit/mg protein and POD from 1.71 to 2.39 unit/mg protein. The enzyme activities in Siran revealed the same trend as observed in Atta Habib. Recovery capaci...
Nguyen Binh Truong1,2,3*, Nguyen Van Thu3
...stibility, rumen parameters and nitrogen retention of crossbred beef cattle (Black Angus × Zebu crossbred). Four male cattle at 17.5±1.78 (Mean±SD) months of age with an average live weight of 262±20.5 kg (Mean±SD) was allocated in a 4x4 Latin square design. The treatments were 47, 51, 55 and 59% NDF in diets corresponding to NDF47, NDF51, NDF55 and NDF59 treatments following the previous findings of the in vitro experiment. E...
Tamoor Ali1*, Muhammad Hamid Bashir1, Bilal Saeed Khan1, Abdul Ghaffar2, Danish Riaz3, Muhammad Zia ul Haq1, Shoaib Nawaz1, Aneeb Ali1, Iftikhar ul Hassan1, Ikram Ul Haq4, Muhammad Khuram Shahzad1, Usama Saleem5 and Tamsila Nazir2
...f UAF during 2018 to understand response of sucking insect pest fauna against the transgenic and non-transgenic cotton varieties. To figure out the response of these pest with the meteorological factors against whitefly, thrips and jassid. For this experiment RCBD Design was used. The five varieties of cotton were used in which IUB-2015, MNH-886, FH-142 and CEMB-33 were the Bt varieties while FH 942 was the non-Bt. The highe...
Qurban Ali1, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar1, Asad Aslam1*, Muhammad Shehzad2, Muhammad Jamal2, Humaira Malik1, Imran Nadeem1, Aqsa Abbas1, Muhammad Jawad Saleem1, Tamsila Nazir1 and Kanwal Hanif1
..., physio-morphic characters counteract the ability of insect to demage and to cause minimum reduction in yield. The experiment was conducted under natural and semi-natural conditions to determine the host plant resistance of nine (09) chick pea advance genotypes viz., (K01211, K01216, K01241, K01242, K09012, KO1308, K014001, K014002, K-14003) and one (1) control (Noor). Antixenosis was calculated by counting the number of eggs per stem and antibioses was asses...
Dewi Ratih Ayu Daning1,2, L.M. Yusiati1, C. Hanim1, B.P. Widyobroto1*
...its fermentation parameters in vitro. It applies five treatments with six replications and uses completely randomized design to analyze the data. Only if do such differences exist, the Duncan Multiple Range Tests (DMRT) were conducted. The treatments consist of the following galangal EO doses: 0, 30, 60, 120 µL, and 5 µL pure cineole at 300 mg dry matter feed. The experiment proves that gas production, methane (CH4), dry matter digestibility, and a...
Yang Yang1,2, Ji Shao1,2, Mingxu Zhou3,4, Qiangde Duan1,2, Xinyi Zhang1,2 and Guoqiang Zhu1,2*
...ed to its virulence factors, which are strictly regulated in vivo, and the quorum sensing system is involved in this process. To study the effect of quorum sensing signal molecule acyl homoserine lactone (AHL) on the biological characteristics of Enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC), gene lasI of Pseudomonas aeruginosa which is responsible for the synthesis of long side-chain AHL (3OC12-HSL), and gene yenI of Ye
Altaf Hussain1*, Muhammad Saad Ashraf3, Asim Shamim1, Mohsin Nawaz1, Arslan Mehboob2 and Urooj Fatima2
...: justify;">Infectious bursal disease (IBD), caused by infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), is one of the most devastating and immunosuppressive diseases of the poultry and has been a constraint on the sustainable food security around the globe including Pakistan. Poultry industry is the second biggest industry in Pakistan while IBD is an important disease seriously threatening poultry farming. Despite the use of mass and...
Ahmed M. Elbaz*, Engy F. Zaki, Morsy A. S.
...y weight gain, feed conversion ratio, and crude protein digestibility of broiler chickens. Including quinoa seeds significantly increased carcass dressing and decreased ( P < 0.05) abdominal fat content. Plasma triglyceride, LDL, creatinine, and uric acid levels were lower (P<0.05) in the birds fed QS supplementation, while HDL was significantly higher. Saturated fatty acid content and shear force value (more tender) were reduced (P<0.05) while increa...
Ijaz Rasool Noorka1,2*, Bilal Ahmad Khan3*, Kafeel Ahmad4, Zafar Iqbal Khan4, Muhammad Ather Nadeem3, Amer Nawaz2, Tasneem Ahmad5 and Humayun Bashir4
...align: justify;">The man’s existence is closely linked with animals in multiple use, to earn livelihood and even used as food. The fodder and forages are the major nutritional items along with other supplements. In Pakistan and sub-continent, the shortage of fodder and forages is very common particularly in kharif season because shortage of the fresh water resources. The waste water is manly passed down as supplemental irrigation source to irrigate field...
Nedžad Hadžiomerović1*, Ozan Gündemir2, Senad Kovačević1
... The molar teeth parameters show similar values, especially the carnassial teeth. PC1 and PC2, which account for the highest variation, account for 68.8% of the total variation. The present study provided morphometric and geometric data on red fox and golden jackal mandibles, which can be a significant resource in the taxonomy of carnivores.
Keywords | Craniometric, Geometric, Carnivores, Morphology
...
Amal H. Mostafa, Mohammed Y. Matoock, Heba M. A. Khalil*
...avior to measure the dog’s initial reaction and subsequent recovery. Then they were housed in kennels and retested after being subjected to a management procedures for one week. Most of the dogs showed no aggression in the friendly greeting test and room behavior test, moderate response for a look test and tag test, while displayed high aggressive response during leash manner, sensitivity, squeeze, food behavior, toy behavior, and dog to dog behavior tes...
Tabinda Urooj1,*, Bushra Wasim1, Shamim Mushtaq2, Syed Nudrat Nawaid Shah1, Lubna Faisal3, Moazzam Ali2, Nabeela Rasheed1 and Syed Faizan Ali Rizvi4
... breast cancer risk factors. This study has analyzed the data gathered from two-renowned tertiary health care centers targeting a large subpopulation of Karachi. This will greatly help in determining the most prevalent risk factors as well as the clinical findings of breast cancer lung metastatic females among the target population. This comparative cross-sectional study which is aimed to ...
Romaan Hayat Khattak1, Zhensheng Liu1*, Liwei Teng1* and Ejaz ur Rehman2
...h are heading the biodiversity towards dramatic falls. The presence of several endangered species in many areas remains unveiled due to the lack of faunal inventories. In such situations, it is imperative to make proper records of the existing fauna on local scales to strengthen the conservation practices. Twenty-one species representing 18 genera, 12 families and six orders of mammals were recorded in Nowshera district, Khy...
Imran Ali Chandio1, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro1*, Qamaruddin Jogi1, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro2 and Siraj Ahmed Channa3
...m for two consecutive years in autumn 2018 and 2019. The experiment was replicated thrice in randomized complete block design. Different doses of nitrogen as broadcasting and fertigation (0, 75, 100, 125 kg N ha-1 in two and three equal splits given at sowing time, 1st, 2nd and 3rd irrigations, respectively) were applied to two sunflower genotypes (HO-1 and Hysun-39). Data analysis revealed nitrogen fertigation, genotypes and their interaction substantially (P...
Muhammad Iqbal Jakhro1*, Nadeem Sadiq1, Javed Ahmed Abro1, Amanullah1, Fateh Muhammad2, Maqbool Ahmed3, Syed Ishtiaq Ahmed Shah3 and Qasid Hussain4
... application of fertilizers on the growth and development of Olive (Olea europaea) saplings as well as to determine the soil physiochemical properties. One-year old Olive plants were applied with organic and inorganic mineral fertilizer application for six months. The results showed that in comparison to control, plants fertilized with T2 (N 50g/plant), T3 (P 25g/plant), T4 (K 25g/plant), T5 (NPK 50:25:25/plant), T6 (Biochar 2:2) and T7 (FYM 2:2) had significa...
Ali Zohaib*, Muzzammil Hussain, Iftikhar Ahmad and Adnan Bashir
...planting with mat type nursery is quite a new planting technique for rice. However, optimization of seeding rate for producing mat type nursery is crucial to acquire suitable seedlings and planting density for better yield of mechanically transplanted rice (MTR). Current 2-years field study was conducted to determine effect of seeding rate (80, 90, 100 and 110 g per tray) for preparing nu<...
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Amjad Farooq1, Muhammad Farooq1,2, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Riaz4, Muhammad Rafique Shahid3, Hafiz Ghazanfar Abbas1 and Muhammad Kashif Shahzad Sarwar1
...ield and related parameters, 18 advanced genotypes of cotton were tested in a trial at Cotton Research Station, Faisalabad. Highly significant results were noticed in the analysis of variance. Further investigation in correlation analysis revealed that there was comendable positive association among leaf chlorophyll contents, seed cotton yield (SCY), No. of sympodia, seed index and boll weight(g). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) demonstrated that only 02 ou...
Rehman Shahzad1, Saba Irshad1* and Faisal Amin2
...rtality of birds since first reported in 1998. Influenza viral surface protein neuraminidase enhances both virus replication and its release from host cells. In this study we isolated nineteen H9N2 viruses from infected birds of various farms from Punjab, Pakistan. Neuraminidase gene of these viruses was amplified using RT-PCR and sequenced to perform mutational analysis. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that B2 sub-lineage is endemic in the country as all isola...
Asmaa G. Mubarak1*, Mona M. Mustafa2, Mohamed W. Abdel-Azeem3, Dina N. Ali2
...ady meals and food handlers in the transmission of different Salmonella serotypes to hospitalized patients in Assiut Governorate, Egypt, as well as, to assess their pathogenic potential and antimicrobial resistance. Out of 150 chicken meals collected randomly from various restaurants and food shops including, shish-tawook, pane, and shawerma (50 for each), 10% were contaminated with Salmonella with the acquisition of shish-tawook (14%). On the other hand,...
Anguara Khatun1*, Sachchidananda Das Chowdhury1, Bibek Chandra Roy2, S.M. Shafikul Gani3, Bipul Chandra Ray1, Tanvir Ahmed1
...puter Package Program (version 9.1, SAS, 2009). Results showed that the addition of multi-strain probiotics and multi-enzymes to diets independently improved body weight, feed conversion ratio, and decreased feed intake as compared to control. Multi-strain probiotics significantly increased duodenum villi height, width and reduced crypt depth (p<0.01). The jejunum and ileum villi height and width were significantly increa...
Asif Sadam1*, Rahmat Ullah Khan1, Sajid Mahmood1 and Juma Gul2
...ify;">Maintaining biodiversity in urbanized landscapes is the top most conservation priority. Urban development results in an increase in local extinction rates and eliminates the majority of native species. The pattern of rainfall is changing and frequency of extreme events increasing due to urbanization and rapidly increasing average global temperature. These changes are having observable impacts on biodiversity at species...
K.M. Injarul Haque, Sharmeen Islam*, Md. Rokibul Islam Khan, Md. Ruhul Amin
...straw, and napier leftovers with rumen contents (RC), and molasses to determine the physical and nutritional properties of silages. Silages were prepared in airtight plastic containers at ambient temperature according to the treatments T0 (0% RC), T1 (5% RC), T2 (10% RC), and T3 (15% RC) with 5% molasses as dry matter basis at 0, 14, 21, and 28 days, respectively. Results showed that the physical qualities (color, odor, and ...
Ghulam Abbas, Sultan Mahmood*, Ahsan ul Haq and Haq Nawaz
...performance of caged layers during summer was studied. One hundred sixty commercial layers (24 weeks old) were purchased from a poultry farm and were reared in a group for one week (adaptation period). At the start of 25th week of age, these layers were divided into 20 experimental units/replicates (8 layers/ replicate), which were further allotted to fi...
Rehman Shahzad1, Saba Irshad1*, Malik Saddique Mehmood1 and Faisal Amin2
...nomic losses to the farmers. Avian influenza H9N2 virus were isolated from infected birds of different poultry farms in the Province of Punjab, Pakistan. Segment eight gene of the virus was amplified using RT-PCR and sequenced to analyze mutations in this viral segment. Phylogenetic tree analysis showed sequences from 2015 to 2017 form a single evolving clade. Valdar residues conservation scores by multiple sequence alignment showed the C terminal region of NE...
Yan Jiang1,2, Xia Tao3,4 and Hongxia Chen5,6*
...onths. The efficacy, adverse reactions, and recurrence rates of 1 and 2 years after treatment, clinical symptom scores and renal function indices such as urine protein quantification (Upro), blood creatinine (Scr), urea nitrogen (BUN)), serum albumin (ALB), nephrin, and BAFF levels before treatment, 3 months after treatment, and 6 months after treatment were compared between the 2 groups. Results showed that after treatment,...
Amjad Ali1, Muhammad Amir2*, Bilal Ur Rehman2, Zafar Khan3 and Abid Munir1
...he main security parameters to be looked after. In fingerprint processing, initially, appropriate proven methods are used for processing fingerprints in a sequential manner followed by the application of various encryption algorithms for ensuring protection of such biometric data. In fingerprinting, image processing techniques include: low-quality-fingerprint enhancement, normalization, binarization and thinning of fingerprint image followed by feature extract...
Syed Sikandar Habib1*, Saira Naz2, Sehar Khalid3, Rimsha Kanwal2, Iqra Ameer1, Sadia Nawaz1 Aamir Khan4, Abid Ur Rehman5, Muqaddas Kousar6, Shafa Ullah Khan7 and Nadia Nazir7
...d haematological parameters of Oreochromis niloticus. A total of 120 healthy fishes with average weight 24.0 ± 12.5g were distributed randomly into four fiber glass tanks in triplicates (each tank contains 10 fishes). The experimental diet was prepared with variant concentration of mushroom such as 0% (control group) and 2%, 4% and 6% of extractions for the other three groups. Duration of the experimental work was six weeks. Water quality paramete
Mustafa Ozan Atasoy
...eby gaining a better understanding of the molecular insights of viral diseases. These have spurred the development of safer and efficient vector vaccines, which convey immunogenic genes of interest obtained from vitally important diseases. Herpesvirus of turkeys (HVT) has long been considered a versatile tool owing to its non-pathogenic characteristic, relatively higher transgenic capacity, and enabling the DIVA strategy. Nu...
Shireen S. Aboelwafa¹, Alsagher O. Ali², Rania Hamada³, Hassan Y.A.H. Mahmoud2*
...to be biological indicators of environmental contamination with T. gondii and N. caninum oocysts. In addition, in developing countries such as Egypt, where sheep and goat meat is commonly consumed, T. gondii and N. caninum infection in small ruminants may also affect public health risks. So that we estimate the prevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum infections in Egyptian small ruminants, by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to assess the seropre...
Kusuma Adhianto*, Satria Ibnu Lenanto, Akhmad Dakhlan, Muhamad Dima Iqbal Hamdani
... that environmental factors have a major influence on goat performance. Based on the results of research, it can be concluded that selection of female Saburai goat based on weaning weight would improve yearling weight, and also improvement of environmental factors such as feeding would be beneficial to the performance of the goat.
Keywords | Saburai goat, Weaning weight, One year weight, Genetic correlation, Phenotyp...
Arkan B. Mohammed*, Ammar S. Abdulwahid, Samah M. Raouf
... and biochemical parameters of laying hens. One hundred and eighty Hy-line Brown hens, 40 weeks old were randomly divided into 9 groups of 20 hens and subjected to one of the following treatments: T1 (control diet), T2 (5g/kg of thyme), and T3 (10g/kg of thyme). Each treatment was tested using three groups of hens, which were subject to treatments from 40 to 47 weeks of age. The productive metrics were measured on daily and weekly basis in the period from 40 t...
Arshad Ali Lashari1, Shakal Khan Korai1*, Imtiaz Ahmed Nizamani1, Khalid Hussain Qureshi1, Abdul Mubeen Lodhi1, Amir Khan Korai1 and Punhoon Khan Korai2*
...xt-align: justify;">Colours sticky traps are key components used to monitor and reduce the pest population by trapping individuals and killing them. In this study, four different colours sticky traps, including yellow, green, red and blue were screened on following ten mustard varieties including P-23R-2, NM-8, P-25, UCD-1202, ER-22, P-107R7, NRT02/8, P6, P1191 and Sindh Raya to evaluate the attractiveness of sucking insect ...
Keiven Mark B. Ampode1*, Federico C. Mendoza2
...ognized as growth promoters and disease controllers in poultry production. However, due to rising public health concerns over antibiotic-resistant bacteria, the use of antibiotics in livestock and poultry feed has been banned in the European Union since 2006. Thus, this study was conducted to determine the effects of oregano powder (OP) as phytobiotic feed additives on the growth performance and cell-mediated immunity of bro...
Hongqun Li1,*, Liganag Xing1, Xiaoli Liu2, Yonglan Pu3, Yuqing Yang3 and Yongyao Fu1
...he most significant factors were maximum temperature of hottest month, mean temperature of hottest quarter, altitude, annual mean temperature and minimum temperature of coldest month, with the thresholds 30.5~31.8°C, 27.5~28.7°C, ≤ 400 m, ≥ 17.5°C, and ≥ 2.3°C, respectively. Under the current conditions for the years 1950-2000, 9.22% of total areas, located in the central district of Chongqing, were ...
Elfadil Elfadul Babiker1, Khalid Ahmed Abdoun2*, Fahad AL Juhaimi1, Kashif Ghafoor1, Riyadh Salih Aljumaah2 and Ahmed Abrahim Al-Haidary2
...eaves. Thirty ewes (2 years old and 50-60 kg BW) and 30 goats (2 years old and 35-40 kg BW) were randomly allocated to 3 experimental groups, consisting of 10 ewes and 10 goats each. The 3 experimental groups of either ewes or goats were fed on one of the experimental diets (AHD, MOD, or MPD) for 6 weeks. Blood samples were collected every 2 weeks throughout the experimental period. Vitamin C concentration and the total anti...
Tintin Rostini1*, Irwan Zakir1, Danang Biyatmoko2
...ats Jawarandu, 1.-1,5 years old, weighing about 13,46±1.55kg. were divided into four treatments consisting of TR0 (basal ration of palm waste-based local feed without Curcuma and yeast), TR1 (basal diet with 0.5% yeast), TR2 (basal diet with 2% Curcuma flour) and TR3 (basal diet with 0.5% yeast and 2% Curcuma flour). Meanwhile, the variables measured include consumption, dry matter digestibility, organic matter, crude protein, NDF, ADF, daily body weig...
Mary A. Sargious1, Hanaa A. Ahmed1, Ragab M. El-Shawarby2, Hatem H. Bakery2, Sherif I. Ramadan3, E. Gus Cothran4 and Ayman Samir Farid5*
...A total of 229 Arabian horse hair samples including 120 samples from El-Zahraa stud and 89 from two private farms in addition to 20 hair samples of Dutch Warmblood were genotyped by 16 microsatellite markers. The purposes of this study were; firstly, to investigate the current status of the genetic diversity and inbreeding of Arabian ho
Lin Ye, Jie-Lan Jiang*, Jia Xu, Rui-Ting Liu, Yin-Qiu Tian, Qing-Qing Zang, Jia-Yi Cao and Ming-Guang Mao*
...u rubripes using the reverse transcription PCR (RT-PCR) technique. The results showed that TrCLCN5 cDNA contained a complete open reading frame of 2505 bp continuously encoding 834 amino acid residues. Sequence alignments revealed that the TrCLCN5 cDNA is highly homologous (96.2% and 96.1%) with that of Takifugu bimaculatus and Takifugu flavidus. SignalP and TMHMM analysis showed that TrCLCN5-deduced protein was a type III transmembrane protein and lacked a ty...
Imran Bodlah1*, Muhammad Tariq Rasheed1, Muhammad Farooq Nasir1, Tariq Mahmood2 and Muhammad Asif3
... Main diagnostic characters, brief description, morphometrics, distribution and illustrations are provided. Biology, trophic associations with 4 ant’s species namely, Camponotus parius, Camponotus compressus, Tapinoma melaocephalum, Lepisiota fraunfeldi have been discussed. Four natural enemies; two species of syrphid flies namely, Allobaccha apicalis (Loew, 1858), Allobaccha sapphirina (Wiedemann, 1830), two species o...
A.M. Abdul Azeem, Ashraf M. Mounir and Amr N. El-Shahat*
...ular antioxidant parameters (glutathione content , the activity of xanthine dehydrogenase, superoxide dismutase and catalase) in the group of alloxan (150 mg/kg B.WT)-administrated rats as compared to control group. Treatment of diabetic rats with GPSDP (1 g/kg B.Wt/day/ 8 weeks) resulted in significant reduction of glucose level and lipid-peroxidation with amelioration of hormonal disturbance and enhancement of testicular antioxidant status with relative to a...
Keqiang Wei1*, Yue Wei2 and Changxia Song1
...ebrates, our current understanding of them in crustaceans is still in the infancy. Studies have found that three members, i.e. p38, RelA (p65) and Nrf2 are evolutionarily conserved, but the specific cells responsible for their synthesis and function have not been well characterized in crustaceans. In this work, we applied an immunohistochemical method to investigate their cellular localization and expression in hepatopancrea...
Mohammad Hussain Haidary1, Rozanaliza Radzi1*, Muhammad Waseem Aslam1, Seng Fong Lau1, Farina Mustaffa Kamal2, Ahmad Rasul Radzali1
...es, and immunologic factors. This retrospective study is aimed to describe the clinical manifestations and treatment outcomes in cats diagnosed with FCGS. Patient records with FCGS were retrieved from 2008-2018 at University Veterinary Hospital (UVH), Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM). The diagnosis of FCGS was made based on oral examination with the inflammation at the caudal oral cavity an...
Muhammad Khubaib Hameed, Muhammad Aziz ur Rahman, Muhammad Ashraf, Safdar Hassan, Muhammad Riaz, Muhammad Qamar Bilal, Fawwad Ahmad, Muhammad Sharif*
...ine on different parameters of growth, carcass and immune system in broilers birds. A total of 240 day old cobb-500 male chicks were purchased and were divided into 4 treatments in completely randomized design. Each treatment further subdivided into six replicates and each replicate contained 10 chicks. Four iso-nitrogenous and iso-caloric starter (CP and ME as 22% and 2850 kcal/kg, respectively) and finisher (CP and ME as 2...
Muneeb M. Musthafa1,* and Fauziah Abdullah1,2,3
...ia, as one of the biodiversity hotspots in the world, however, very little has been studied at lower elevational mountain reserves and their beetle diversity, which could be decisive in resolving mysteries in tropical biogeography. Objective of this study is to assess and compare the beetle diversity at three selected lower elevational mountains to enlighten our unde<...
Khadim Hussain Memon1,*, Amir Mahmood Memon2, Tahira Jabeen Ursani3, Abdul Manan Shaikh1 and Sapna Waheed Memon1
...n the population parameters and exploitation status of Clown Knifefish N. chitala (Hamliton, 1822) was conducted from Indus River at Sukkur Barrage, Pakistan. A total of 718 specimens were collected from October 2015 to March 2016. The total length (TL) was ranged from 14-78 cm and average total length was 31±12.266 cm with CV=0.390. The total weight was ranged from 41 to 4939 g and average weight was 434±772.064 g with CV= 1.777 for the combined...
I Nyoman Sulabda1*, I Nengah Wandia2, I Ketut Puja3
...ed to evaluate allel diversity using 18 samples of Taro white cattle. Genetic variability was low, with observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity for locus BM1815 was 0.778 and 0.51, and for DRB3 was 0.556 and 0.478, respectively. Moreover, the polymorphic information content (PIC) for these two microsatellite was 0.397 for BM1815 and 0.413 for DRB3. The Taro white cattle showed low level of genetic diversity. Th...
Sadaf Shahid1, Abdul Razzaq2, Gul-Makai1, Asim Shamim3*, Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan4, Rana Hamid Ali Nisar5, Qaiser Akram6, Mohsin Nawaz3
... standard of poor farmer’s communities. Ectoparasites are one of the greatest dangers to livestock and among ectoparasites, ticks are the most common one. The current study was completed in district Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan to determine the tick infestation in different breeds of goat and sheep. A total of 840 animals were investigated during the winter and summer seasons to determine ticks prevalence. The overall...
Jiao Ma*
...hypothesized to be irreversible but latest research indicates that human cardiac stem cells (hCSCs) may have a therapeutic use for cardiac repair; however, their properties and the regulatory mechanisms for their development have not been thoroughly explored. Stem cells are a population of cells with the potential for self-regeneration and differentiation into cell types that can play an important role in embryogenesis and embryonic development. So far, seven ...
Xiaoli Cai1,2, Saeed Ahmed3, Zhixin Lei1,*, Jianping Wu1,* and Taolei Sun1,2,*
...acteria cause chronic, persistent and latent infections. The treatment for intracellular infection faces many challenges, such as targeting bacteria with antimicrobial drugs and resistance to multidrug (MDR). The present study delivers a possible elucidation to this problem via Nano Drug Delivery. Nanomaterials are relatively small as compared to ordinary antibiotics. The nanoparticle has unique physical and chemical propert...
Amira Mahmoud Refaie1*, Marwa Hosni Abd El-Maged2, Hassan Abd El-Kriam Hassan Abd El-Halim2, Hanan Abd El-Rahman Hassan Alghonimy2, Sayed Ahmed Mohamed Shaban1
...e, physiological parameters and egg quality traits of laying hens. A total number of 240 Fayoumi chicken hens were classified into two equal experiments, 120 hens each (4 groups × 3 replicates × 10 birds). In each experiment, birds were divided into 4 treatment groups as follow: Normal control, positive control (0.0125% Butylated hydroxytoluene; BHT), 0.1% and 0.3% DPP, respectively. The DPP was used in two forms i.e., powder (DPP) for Exp.1 and aq...
Amjad Ali Channa1, Mansoor Tariq1*, Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani1, Nazeer Hussain Kalhoro2
... and H9 viruses in broilers at Karachi, Pakistan. A total of 1920 samples, including each of 960 blood samples and tracheal swabs were collected from broilers and tested through hemagglutination inhibition (HI), AIV-ELISA and RT-PCR. The HI test revealed a significant (P<0.01) difference in the seroprevalence of H9 virus (40.11%), H5 virus (16.88%) and H7 virus (6.25%) respectively. The mean antibody titer against H5, H7 ...
Zheng Tan*, Li Li, Yuxin Song, Meirong Tian and Fan Jia
...05. The level of indicators in the UAP group was higher than that in the SAP group and the control group, p<0.05. Compared with the control group, all indicators in SAP group were significantly higher, p<0.05. The serum endothelin, brain natriuretic peptide and high sensitive c-reactive protein levels were significantly increased during the clinical diagnosis of CHD, which indicates that these three indicato
Muhammad Waqas1, Naveed Ahmed2*, Hamid Saeed Malik1, Unaiza Qamar3, Hasnain Javed4 and Ahsan Hussain1
...ch was 20 (6.8%) and others which were 55 (18.8%) patients. The IVS 1-5 (G-C) was the most common mutation in Punjabis while Fr 8-9 (+G) was the most common mutation in Pathan community. Lowest hemoglobin (Hb) level was found in IVS 1-5 mutations of β-thalassemia carrier patients, while the average Hb in β-thalassemia carrier patients was 11.54 but it also varied gender-wise, different ethnic origin and in different mutation. The mean MCV was 62.94fl...
Asim Faraz1, Muhammad Shahid Nabeel2,* and Abdur Rehman3
...mental) for female sucklers while male sucklers of both groups were sold before weaning. Regarding physical characteristics, the control group was of black mouth, long big black ears and white body color while the experimental group was of white mouth and some having black eye circle, short small white ears. ...
Sameh Abdel-Moez Ahmed Amer1*, Mohamed Abdel-Aziz Kutkat1, Mohamed Mahmoud Abdel-Baki1, Asmaa Mahmoud Maatouq1, Omnia Mohamed Kutkat2, Hagar Magdy Ahmed1, Khaled Mohamed El-Bayoumi1
...ation test. Whereas, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using specific primers to amplify 1681 base pair (bp) of the whole NDV F-gene was carried out to confirm the presence of NDV and then sequenced. Our results demonstrated that, RT-PCR was successfully detecting 62 NDV samples. While, Sequencing and phylogenesis of six selected isolates revealed that, all isolates were virulent NDV with amino acid mo...
Ziyue Qin1, Ali Mujtaba Shah2, 3, Qing Zhu1, Yan Wang1, Diyan Li1, Gang Shu4, Yaofu Tian1 and Xiaoling Zhao1*
...slow- (SG) growing broilers. Each of 120 one-day-old males was raised in 10 batteries, respectively. In the OGTT test, ten broilers on d 42 fasted 12 h from each stock were randomly assigned into two groups: glucose and vehicle, respectively. The glucose group received a glucose syrup by oral gavage (2 g/kg BW), while the vehicle group received an equivalent volume of normal saline. In the IST test, twelve chickens on d 70 f...
Guangming Xiang1, Ran Di1, Yaowu Wang1, Shangquan Gan2, Shouren Liu2, Xiangyu Wang1, Wenping Hu1, Qiuyue Liu1* and Mingxing Chu1*
...aptive selection under harsh challenges which serves as a fat store for the animal. However, the mechanism of fat deposition in tail is unclear. The polymorphisms of candidate sheep CEBPA, PRKAG3 and SREBF1 genes and their relationship with fat deposition between fat-tailed (rumped) and thin-tailed breeds were investigated. Two and one SNPs were identified for PRKAG3 and SREBF1 respectively. Genotyping method was used to analyze genotypes among Altay sheep (fa...
Johar Hussian1, Faiz Muhammad2, Shafqat Fatimah Rehmani3, Aqeel Ahmad4, Nazir Ahmad Lone4, Moomal Bughio5, Syed Khurram Freed1 and Shakeel Ahmed Khan4*
...s (NDV) and infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) were not affected by enzymatic inductions. Therefore, the antigen prepared by phospholipase C has been found to be more effective for HI test for rapid diagnosis of IBV during infection....
Shaokun Lu1,2, Ronghua Li1,2*, Chunlin Wang1,2, Changkao Mu1,2 and Weiwei Song1
...otide polymorphism) markers were developed from EST (expressed sequence tag) database of Portunus trituberculatus. Polymorphism evaluation was tested on 30 wild individuals of P.trituberculatus collected from Xiangshan, Zhejiang province, China. The minor allele frequency ranged between 0.292 and 0.500, with an average of 0.384. The expected and observed heterozygosities (He and Ho) ranged from 0.422 to 0.545 and from 0.000 to 1.000 respectively. Four loci wer...
Sherif Abdelghany1, Lynda Allouche2, Ahmed A. Abd El-Maksoud3, Ehab N. Daoud4, Saleh A. Kandeal1, Mohamed A. Radwan1*
...blem facing dairy producers and negatively influences production, performance, and welfare. The study aims to improve milk production and quality during the hot season, which supports milk safety and dairy chain sustainability. Forty-two Holstein cows in the middle of the first lactation were used and divided into a control group (22 cows) that received control diet and a treatment group (20 cows) that received a control die...
Neven Waheeb1*, Sherif Marouf2, Essam Nasr3, Shaymaa Abdelmalek2
...cted with gastric disorders. The presence of H. Pylori infection in stool and fecal samples were tested by ELISA and PCR methods. In ELISA the test utilizes H. pylori antibodies to selectively detect H. pylori Antigen in human stool and fasces of pet animals, and PCR by using 16srRNA primers through a semi-nested PCR technique.
Keywords | ELISA, PCR, 16srRNA
...
Saeed Ahmed Essote1, Asim Iqbal1, Muhammad Kamran Taj2*, Asmatullah Kakar1, Imran Taj2, Shahab-ud-Din Kakar1 and Imran Ali 3,4*
...us each. The highest diversity was recorded in Sibi Division and the lowest diversity in Kalat Division. Seven snake species, Eryx tetaricus, Typhlops ductuliformes, Bungarus sindanus, Lycodon travancoricus, Spalerosophis arenarius, Psammophis condanars and Lytorhynchus paradoxus were recorded for the first time from Balochistan Province....
Agha Mushtaque Ahmed*1, Ali Zachi Abdulqader Alhilfi2, Fahad Nazir Khoso1, Imran Khatri1, Jamal-U-Ddin Hajano3, Qurban Ali4, Imran Ali Rajput5 and Muhammad Akbar Lashari1
...y of competitive behaviours among the individuals. The courtship behaviour of brown planthopper (BPH) is followed by numbers of strides by both genders and influenced with age. In the present study, the age of male for 1-7 days and female 1-10 days was selected to observe the different parameters {male response time (MRT), male arrival time (MAT), male a...
Fei Shang and Pengfei Liu*
...than female; breeding pairs assortative mated positively by culmen height, wing length, body mass and body condition. We argued that the body condition of greenfinches may be important in mutual mate choice. Male air courtship and incubation feeding behaviour provide evidence that female mate choice may be responsible for sexual dimorphism of bill size and wing length. Mutual mate choice and life histories may be responsible for non-randomly mating pattern by ...
Yin-Hua Wang1,2, Yi-Bing Zhu1, Li Jiang1, Bin Du3 and Xiu-Ming Xi1*
...lsquo;remifentanil group’ or the ‘fentanyl group’, in which opioids will be infused for a maximum of 14 days. The primary outcome is the duration of MV. Secondary outcomes include the duration of extubation, costs and length of stay (LOS) in ICU, dose adjustment time, analgesic and sedative agent costs, short-term mortality, and adverse events potentially relevant to the ...
Grace Chinenye Onyishi, Chinedu Ifeanyi Atama*, Fejiokwu Esther Chioma, Ifeanyi O Aguzie, Godwin I Ngwu and Christopher Didigwu Nwani
...rasites of donkeys and horses of Udenu Local Government Area (LGA), Enugu state, Nigeria. Standard procedure of parasite search in vertebrates was used. A total of 23 donkeys and 24 horses were examined for gut helminth parasites. In total, out of 47 equines examined, 43 (91.5%) were infected. Out of 24 horses, 20 (83.3%) were infected while all the donkeys were infected (100.0% prevalence...
Mohamed S. Hussein1*, Hanan A. Fahmy2, Ashraf A. Abd El Tawab3
...ry and human health sectors worldwide. The objective of this study was to investigate the phenotypic and genotypic characteristics of quinolones and fluoroquinolones resistance in Escherichia coli recovered from apparently healthy broiler chickens in Egypt. A total of 150 cloacal swabs collected from broiler chickens from farms and bird markets were subjected to bacteriological and biochemical examination. The results revealed that 92% (138/150) of samples wer...
Uzma Ishaq1, Shahnaz Dawar2, Nasira Kazi1, Erum Iqbal1* and Saboohi Raza3
...s of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) from Umerkot, Sindh, Pakistan. The new species is characterized by having a combination of characters: body length of female 0.7-1.0 mm, vulva at 56-59 percent of body length, anterior part of buccal cavity 5-7 µm wide, pharynx 198-238 µm long, tail 30-33 µm long, post uterine sac 10-16 µm in length, apex of dorsal tooth 3-5 &micr...
Serdar Eratak1, Metin Çabuk2,* and Ahmet Alcicek3
...d consumption, feed conversion ratio and body weight. Similarly, the relative weight of internal organs and carcass yield were not significantly affected by lentil byproducts’ inclusion levels. The results indicate that lentil byproducts might be included in the diet of growing quails up to a level of 15% with no negative effects....
Tran Thi Bich Ngoc1,2, Ninh Thi Huyen1,2, Nguyen Cong Oanh2, Pham Kim Dang2*
...s in performance parameters, nutrient digestibility, and fecal NH3 and H2S emissions compared with CONT diet. There were no differences in performance parameters between the use of the single product and the combination. In general, a diet containing a combination of PROB and ORAC had larger effects on parameters observed than a diet containing either PROB or ORAC.
Keywords | Fecal...
Esraa Yosry Abdel Halim1, Hamdy El-Essawy1, Abeer Abdel Nasser Awad1, Mona S. El-Kutry2, Lamiaa Ibrahim Ahmed1*
...Intensive dairy products’ usage, recent growth of globalization and the widespread of international trade mandate the microbial evaluation of the imported dairy products. In the present study, ninety random samples of imported milk powder, labneh and cheddar cheese from New Zealand, Ireland, Turkey, Poland, Netherlands, European Union and Switzerland were collected from the Egyptian markets then were investigated organoleptically and microbiologically. T...
Pham Tan Nha1*, Nguyen Thi Kim Dong2, Le Thu Thuy1
...ealth of chicken. Consumers using low triglyceride and total cholesterol chicken meat will be good for their health as well. It was concluded that ginger supplementation in the diet at a level of from 0.3 to 0.4% DM improved growth performance and digestin for growing Tau Vang chicken production. It showed that ginger made quantification of triglycerid and quantification of total cholesterol in chicken blood decrease.
Keywords | Tau Vang chicken, Ginge...
Masouras P.K.1, Nikolaou K.1,2, Laliotis G.P.1*, Koutsouli P.1, Bizelis I.1
...lthough influence consumers’ preferences are not used for grading purposes of beef carcasses and meat cuts in Europe. In Greece, a variety of breeds is used for beef production, but their meat quality characteristics have not yet been evaluated. The aim of the study was to determine meat quality characteristics on samples obtained from cattle reared for meat purposes in Greece and to investigate if any correlation betw...
Abdul Haleem1*, Ghulam Hassan1, Arshad Iqbal2, Fahim Ullah Khan3, Muhammad Sajid3, Farhad Ahmad4, Rafi Ullah Khan5 and Mohammad Ilyas2
...2 progeniessand parent versus F2 progenies for all the studied traits. Among parents, best lines were Atta-Habib for plant height (95.10cm) and tillers plant-1 (12.30), Janbaz for economic yield per plant (20.93g) and spike length (10.87cm), Khatakwal for 100-grain weight (3.27g). Among F2 progenies, best combinations were Khatakwal × Lalma-13 for plant height (93.96 cm), Janbaz × Pirs
Kubilay Ucar1, Görkem Oruk2 and Sait Engindeniz1*
...egion. In the last 10 years, plum production increased by 113.34% and reached 11,373 tons in Izmir. It has been determined that plum production and area will increase in the next five years. Within the scope of the research, cost and profitability of plum production for 2018 were calculated in Izmir province. The data of this paper is derived from Izmir Directorate of Provincial Agriculture and Forestry. Total production cos...
Seble Mulugeta1 and Amenu Leta2*
...rent study examined factors determining households’ decision to adopt renewable energy technologies and energy source choice in Boset District. A two-stage stratified random sampling was employed to draw 210 respondents. The descriptive statistics and multinomial logit and the binary logit model were used to analysis the data . The descriptive result revealed that a total of samples 37 (17.6%) were adopter of modern en...
Aly M. Ghetas1*, Dalia M. Sedeek1, Hanaa S. Fedawy1, M.A. Bosila1, Hoda M. Mekky1, Kh. M. Elbayoumi1, 3, Mohamed M. Amer2
...fering from infectious bursal disease (IBD) for isolation of fungal species on specific medium. A total of 19 purified fungal isolates have been identified morphologically. Aspergillus isolates were the most identified (42%), followed by Trichosporon (10.5%), Penicillium (10.5%), Fusarium (5%), Candida (1%) and non-identified isolates (26%). Furthermore, the obtained 8 Aspergillus isolates were further morphologically identified into A. fumigatus which was mos...
Mahreen Alam*, Muhammad Ashfaq, Sarfraz Hassan and Asghar Ali
... due to a number of factors, including water pollution. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of poor groundwater quality on the milk yield of dairy animals. Groundwater samples were analyzed for the Total Dissolved Solid, Electric Conductivity, and potential Hydrogen. The groundwater quality was good at the tail, marginal at the middle, and poor at the head reaches of the distributary. Primary data were collected from 300 respondents along 11-L distribu...
Hera Gul Mohmmand1, Rozina Gul1, Hamayoon Khan2, Sheraz Ahmed1*, Laila Fayyaz1, Ajmalud Din1 and Imtiaz Ali1
...n of 2017-18 at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar. A randomized complete block design was used with three replications under two treatments. One treatment was a control without phosphorous application, while the second treatment was application of phosphorous at a rate of 35.3 kg (P2O5) ha-1. Data were documented on plant height, pod number plant-1, seed number pod-1, seed number plant-1, 100-seed weight, seed yield and harvest index. Amongst genotypes, ...
Syukriah Syukriah1, Ulinnuha Nur Faizah2, Hendry T.S. Saragih3*, Rizki Fitrawan Yuneldi4, Soenarwan Hery Poerwanto5, Raden Roro Upiek Ngesti Wibawaning Astuti5, Stephan Immenschuh6
...e (MDA) levels of mother’s and offspring’s liver and spleen were observed by using the TBARS Assay Kit, also the superoxide dismutase activities. As supporting data the histological analysis of the mother’s and offspring’s liver and spleen were prepared by usi...
Ho Le Quynh Chau, Than Thi Thanh Tra, Duong Thi Huong, Du Thanh Hang, Le Thi Thu Hang, Vo Thi Minh Tam, Dinh Van Dung*, Ho Trung Thong
... per treatment. Two factors include 2 chicken groups (Ri hybrid-slow-growing strain and Luong Phuong-fast-growing strain) and three dietary SID methionine concentration (low, adequate, high). The methionine levels were set up by the recommendation of Evonik (2010) for coloured chickens. At 12 weeks of age, 8 male and 8 female chicks per treatment were randomly chosen for the carcass yield, meat quality, and myogenic gene expression evaluation (myostatin, ...
Seon-Ho Kim1, Mahfuzul Islam1,2, A-Rang Son1, Sang-Suk Lee1*
...t types and breed of steers on rumen fermentation and bacterial community composition in Korea during the summer seasons. Three Holstein and 3 Jersey steers were fed a high forage (HF) and a high concentrate (HC) diet for two subsequent periods of 21 days under 2 × 2 factorial arrangements. The steers received HF diet had higher pH (P < 0.05). H...
Zane Vincevica-Gaile1, Karina Stankevica1, Maris Klavins1, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Damat Damat3*, Praptiningsih Gawawati Adinurani4, Lili Zalizar5, Muhammad Zul Mazwan6, Juris Burlakovs7,
Didiek Hadjar Goenadi8,9, Rista Anggriani3 and Aamir Sohail10
...l amendments, and improvers still is based on peat extraction and processing. Due to peat’s fossil origin, it can be considered environmentally unfriendly and unsustainable. Seeking peat-substituting materials is of crucial importance on a global scale and may become a vitally significant assignment for future generations. The necessity for peat-free soil amendments is also directed by the targets of circular economy a...
Indah Prihartini1*, Miftachi Ari2, Manar Fayiz Mousa Atoum3,4, Akhis Soleh Ismail1 and Listiari Hendraningsih1
...s conducted using Duncan’s multiple range due to a significant difference. The treatments were rice straw added by probiotic level which consisted of (P0: 0 %; P1: 0.5 %; P2: 1.0 %; P3: 1.5 %). Also, the in-vitro gas production was observed at 2 h, 4 h, 8 h, 16 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h, 72 h, and 96 h incubation period for digestibility and efficiency of microbial protein synthesis using the in-vitro method. The result showed that treatment sign...
Warkoyo Warkoyo1*, Devi Dwi Siskawardani1, Anggit Ayu Pradana Siwi1, Moch. Wachid1, Ivar Zekker2 and Jumpen Onthong3
...1707 (1975), the parameters that meet the standard was the thickness, tensile strength, and elongation.
...
Martha Echioda Ogbole*, James Agbo Ameh, Samuel Mailafia, Olatunde Hamza Olabode and Bridget Jessica Adah
...fatality rates in the years under review were collated. Out of the total number of 17,777 suspected cases, 2959 cases were confirmed positive for LF by a laboratory test, while 781 deaths were recorded. Annual distribution of LF showed significant increase in number of cases with 152 (9.6%) confirmed cases recorded in 2016, 143 (19.51%) in 2017, a very high and steady increase was observed in 2018, 2019 and 2020 with confirmed cases at 633 (18%), 833(16%) and ...
Shang Zhenda1,2*, Kong Qinghui1,4*, Li Jiakui1,4, Liu Suozhu1,2, Tan Zhankun1,2, Shang Peng1,3 and Wang Honghui1,2
...stify;">After several years of domestication, domestic yak is inferior to wild yak in many aspects. Gut microbes play an important role in the digestion, absorption and health of animals. Studying the intestinal flora of yak has significance to improving its productivity and immunity. In this study, we analysed the bacterial diversity in fresh faeces of wild yak and domestic yak. Results showed that the structure of the bact...
Oce Astuti1, La Sara2*, Muzuni3 and Safilu4
...tire stations and all years round. It had high CC at each station ranging 21.561–79.176% which was found the highest at station A, while CC in each month ranging 43.023–71.898% which was mostly found in March and April. Its CC reached 60.589% of total catch. The CC of other dominant species of C. anisodon, C. hellerii, and T. crenata had 5.721–50.186%, 0.458–1.550%, and 1.931–10.781%, respectively, while the rest species had CC of...
Yao Zou, Shien Ren, Miao Xu, Nannan Liang, Xuxin Zhang, Chongxuan Han and Xiaoning Nan
...ext-align: justify;">Zokors are one of the subterranean rodents in the subfamily Myospalacinae. Extant zokors include two major genera, Eospalax and Myospalax, which can be distinguished by skull shape. However, due to few available studies on skull morphology of zokors, the interspecific differentiation of their skulls is still unclear. To differentiate...
Yongjie Xue1, Jinling Yan1, Huifeng Zhao1*, Haijing Zheng2 and Changhai Ma1
...empirical study of China’s beef cattle industry, this paper answers a common question in academia, political circles, and business circles from the perspective of animal husbandry, namely, what kind of international relations are appropriate? The stable development of animal husbandry and the win-win result of openness may be two contradictory concepts in some cases. Therefore, a cou...
Najeeb Ullah1*, Adnan Ihsan1, Syed Fahad Shah1, Kamran Sohail1, Muhammad Sohail Khan1 and Said Hussain Shah2
...stify;">Pakistan has diverse ant biodiversity but very little work is done on this group. Based on the recent collected specimens of Formicidae from Kahuta Azad Kashmir Pakistan Pseudoneoponera rufipes Jerdon, 1851 is reported for the first time from part of region. Morphological descriptions and digital images are provided. ...
Abdul Jabbar*, Anees-Ul-Hussnain Shah, Abdul Basit, Ghulam Ahmad, Aftab Ahmad Khan, Suleman Raza, Muhammad Sultan Ali Bazmi, Imtiaz Akram Khan Niazi and Ahmad Hussain
..."text-align: justify;">Berseem, a multi-cut fodder, is the best source of nutrition for animals. Seed is a key to get optimum yield of any crop. There are many factors affecting seed production but the sowing method is a major one. A study to assess the consequence of different sowing methods on seed production of berseem (SB-11) was directed at Fodder Research Institute, Sargodha, Pakista...
Syed Makhdoom Hussain1,*, Hina Gohar1, Muhammad Asrar1, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad2, Azhar Rasul1, Majid Hussain3, Muhammad Zubair ul Hassan Arsalan1, Nisar Ahmad4 and Aqsa Sharif1
...st hematological parameters (RBCs, WBCs, PLT, Hb, PCV, MCHC, MCH and MCV) as well as proximate composition (crude protein, crude fat, ash, moisture and carbohydrates) were noted in fish group fed on 400mg/kg of polyphenols in diet. Hence supplementation of polyphenols at 400mg/kg was found to be optimum for better hematology, minerals absorption and carcass composition of common carp....
Furqan Awan1,2, Sadia Nawaz3, Muhammad Muddassir Ali3,*, Asia Iqbal4, Raheela Akhtar5, Sehrish Firyal3, Haleema Sadia6, Arshad Javid4, Muhammad Rashid7, Muhammad Sulman Ali Taseer8 and Zhenling Zeng1
...ntify the potential factors that are playing important role in disease spread. A questionnaire-based study was conducted to identify the conditions and circumstances of CTVT affected dogs that presented to veterinary practices over a 12-month period. The practices were convenience-sampled on the basis of voluntary participation. Forty practices were approached, and veterinarians from 24 practices agreed to participate. Data were provided on 96 original present...
Murat Kulekçi1, Ecevit Eyduran2, Ayaz Yusuf Altın2 and Mohammad Masood Tariq3*
... race (Caucasian and others), were elaborated. In MARS algorithm, no over-fitting problem was observed under a set of explanatory variables consisting of number of full beehives and total honey production, whereas Bagging MARS captured the interaction effects of number of full beehives with educational degree and other...
Muhammad Qasim Mazari1, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro1,*, Hasina Baloch1, Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro2, Shahid Hussain Abro1, Rehana Buriro1, Asmatullah Kaka1, Fahmida Parveen1, Mazhar Hussain Mangi3, Ghulam Murtaza Lochi1, Abdul Ahad Soomro4, Ali Gul Soomro1, Abdul Ghaffar Abbasi1 and Sarfraz Hussain Depar1
...district. Animals were first screened through Single Intradermal Tuberculin Test (SITT) then positive and negative reactors of SITT were further investigated through Rapid BTB Ab test, culture examination and ELISA test. Risk factors such as sex, age, health status, lactating, non-lactating and breed were also investigated. In district Mirpurkhas prevalence was 4%, 15%, 2%, 1%, while in di...
Fujun Miao1, Chunlan Shan2, Wei Yang3, Hao Wang3, Shuxiang Geng1 and Delu Ning1*
... Juglans sigllata on livers of alcoholic liver disease (ALD) mice were studied. The results showed that serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in the ethanol + walnut oil (ETH + WO) and ETH + silymarin positive group (PC) groups significantly decreased, and the lesions of ethanol-induced liver injury were relieved compared with the ethanol (ETH) group. Walnut oil significantly increased the activities of superoxide dismutase ...
Shuangye Wang1,2, Yunlin Zhao1,2, Zhenggang Xu2,3,*, Junzhi Chen3, Guiyan Yang3, Song Wang2 and Kangkang Jiang2
...-align: justify;">To understand home range characteristics and distribution of the released female milu (Père David’s deer, Elaphurus davidianus) population at Dongting Lake, China, we estimated home range size using the 95% minimum convex polygon method. A maximum flooded time index was calculated and the overlay analysis with seasonal home range data was employed. The results showed: (1) in seasons, the home r...
Dyah Roeswitawati1*, Iva Kristova1, Muhidin Muhidin1, Otto Endarto2, Manar Fayiz Mousa Atoum3,4, Irum Iqrar5,6 and Luqman Ali Shah7
.../i> leaves. So far, farmers have dealt with chemical pesticides that contain compounds with high toxicity. The purpose of the study was to assess the effect of type and concentration of natural pesticides soursop (Annona muricata L.) leaves, papaya (Carica papaya L.) leaves, chrysanth(Chrysanthemum morefolium Ramat.) leaves on the persistence of red mites. This researc...
Damat Damat1*, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Juris Burlakovs3, Zane Vincēviča-Gaile4,
Devi Dwi Siskawardani1, Rista Anggriani1 and Anas Tain5
...nued according to Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that all formulas of analog rice produced from arrowroot starch, with the addition of seaweed pulp and spices, fulfill the chemical and physical properties of paddy rice requirements according to Indonesian National Standard No. 6128-2008. With an increasing concentration of the seaweed pulp, thefoodfiber,andthe resistant starch content increased. The antioxidant activity of the analog ri...
Nour El-Hoda Khayrat Hammad1*, Yousef Y. El-Seady3, Azza E. Hassan1, Sara T. Elazab2, Magdy S. Amer2
...induced fertility disorders.
Keywords | Male fertility, Antifungal, Medicinal plant, Testosterone hormone, Aromatase
...
Safdar Ali1*, Muhammad Amir Hanif1, Muhammad Umar1, Amir Manzoor1, Obaidullah Shafique1, Bashir Ahmad Khan2 and Ijaz Ahmed3
...d during 2016-17 at University Research Farm Chakwal Road Rawalpindi. Four herbicides were used as once and twice application, i.e., Buctril Super (Bromoxinil 30% with MCPA 30% w/v), Ally Max (Metsulfuron Methyl 14.3% w/w with Tribenuron Methyl 14.3% w/w), Starane M (Fluroxypyre 10% with MCPA 40% w/w) and Clean wave (Aminopyralid 1% with Fluroxypyre14% w/w) at recommended doses. A weedy check and a weed free plot were also kept for comparison. Results showed t...
Sajad Ali Solangi1, Jamal-U-Ddin Hajano1*, Rehana Naz Syed1, Sohail Ahmed Otho2, Khadim Hussain Wagan1, Agha Mushtaque Ahmed2, Fahad Nazir Khoso2, Aftab Raza Jarwar3 and Suman Tarique Qazi1
... justify;">Tomato (Lycopersicum esculentum Mill.) is important vegetable in Pakistan. Tomato leaf curl viral disease caused by tomato leaf curl virus (TLCV) (genus: Begomovirus, family: Geminiviridae) and transmitted by whitefly (Bemisia tabaci) is considered as the most devastating one. Recently, available tomato varieties are not screened against this disease in the agro-ecosystem of Sindh Province of Pakistan. Therefore, in this study 12 commercial varietie...
Evaluation of Temporal and Differential Fertilizer Application on Growth, Yield and Quality of Wheat
Raheela Naz1*, Muhammad Aftab1, Ghulam Sarwar2, Ana Aslam1, Qudsia Nazir1, Asifa Naz3, Abid Niaz4, Farah Rasheed1, Amina Kalsom1, Nisa Mukhtar1, Sadia Sultana1, Ifra Saleem1, Arfan ul Haq1, Muhammad Arif1, Aamer Sattar1, Sarfraz Hussain5 and Muhammad Adnan Rafique6
... soils is very low. Farmers apply fertilizer but below the recommended doses. As we know that for the better quality and yield of crops, time and method of fertilizers application are the most important factors. Some growth stages are very sensitive, at those stages of growth; the addition of fertilizers is more responsive than othe...
Alexander Tsybulsky1*, Tatyana Tabakaeva1, Anna Klimovich2, Michail Shchelkanov1, Eduard Kostetsky1, Maksim Aliev1, Anton Degtyarenko3
...ells, innate immune factors for antivirals evaluation, interferon system (IFN) in particular, molecular guard factors for cell genome integrity evaluation (p53, etc.). Methods. In domestic cats with a previously established diagnosis of «FeLV-infection and chronic leukaemia» (n = 10) and healthy control cats (n = 6), we examined the following: 1) Haematological parameters of th...
Ghassan Zahid1, Sania Begum2, Sikandar Almani3, Sahir Hameed Khattak2, Rajesh Kumar Soothar4 and Shakeel Ahmed Soomro4*
...and productivity. Cultivars having a durable rust resistance is an effective method to control the spread of rust disease in cereal crops particularly in wheat. The experiment was conducted on fifty-two wheat lines comprised of forty-five double haploids of wheat along with seven wheat genotypes. Besides that, three positive checks and three SSR primers were also included in the study to check the durability i.e. Opata-85 Sr...
Lungile Gumede1,2, Thobela L. Tyasi1, Teedzai Chitura1*, Khanyisile R. Mbatha3
...om the flock at the University of Limpopo experimental farm. The experiment was conducted in three phases which are adaption, vaccination and moringa inclusion over 42 days. At the end of the first week of the trial, all the experimental goats were vaccinated with 2 millilitres of blanthrax vaccine per goat via the subcutaneous route. Three experimental diets were formulated by replacing a conventional supplement of Lucerne ...
Noura El-Shahat Attia1*, Abd El-Khalek Ramadan El-Sheikh1, Mohamed Omia Siam2
...wo groups of dogs. The first group consisting of seven dogs which was clinically healthy and used as a control group, and the second group consisting of sixteen dogs “German Shephard” at different ages which was suffering from decrease appetite, stunt growth rate, as well as skin lesion in form of loss of hair, crust, scales and inflammation of skin “dermatitis”. All dogs were subjected to clinical and laboratory examinations followed b...
Chukwudi Njoku1*, Inyang Etim-Inyang2, Prince-Charles Itu1 and Arinze Uzoezie1
...ata and considering factors such as elevation, land-use, accessibility (roads), river width, population density, distance from anthropogenic activities and climatic variables (temperature and rainfall intensity). The criteria and threshold for siting Tilapia cage culture were adopted from previous studies and processes such as classification, buffering, interpolation, slope analyses, single and multiple Structured Query Languages (SQL). The analyses divulged 2...
Dabeeran Zehra1, Zahida Memon1, Shumaila Usman2,*, Almas Jabeen3, Kauser Ismail1 and Rehan Ahmed Siddiqui2
...wn attention of researchers in the treatment of cancer owing to their proposed chemotherapeutic role, based on the concept of repurposing, as they are well tolerated, less toxic and inexpensive. In this study we evaluated the combine effects of low dose of Azithromycin with Sorafenib in HepG2 cell line. Co-treatment of Sorafenib and Azithromycin showed enhanced inhibition of cell growth and suppressed the MAPK pathway associated with cellular proliferation, ho...
Neda Amani1, Mehrdad Shariati1, Rahim Ahmadi2,3*, Mokhtar Mokhtari1 and Saeed Khatamsaz1
... using ANOVA and student’s t-test. Decreased viability was observed in AGS and HCT cells exposed to 0.1 and 1 mg/ml of testosterone. Exposure of AGS and HCT cells to cytotoxic dose of testosterone enanthate led to significant increase in gene expression and activity level of caspase-3 and -9, but no significant change in iNOS, MMP9 and caspase-8 expression level. MMP9 expression level significantly decreased in HCT cells, however, did not change in AGS c...
Saba Iqbal, Asmat Ullah*, Muhammad Luqman, Hafiz Muhammad Akram, Muhammad Kashif Munir and Nawal Zafar
... systems. Thus, a two years field study (during 2017-18 and 2018-19) was conducted at research area of Agronomic Research Station Khanewal, Punjab, Pakistan to compare the existing traditional winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) planting techniques (broadcast and drill) with the water efficient planting techniques (ridge and bed planting) to evaluate their water use efficiency and their economic feasibility. Results of this study revealed that sowing of wheat ...
Saima Parveen1, Altaf Mahmood2*, Ayesha Azad3, Sajid Umar4, Nosheen Shoukat6, Mirza Muhammad Arsalan Azam5, Qurat-Ul-Ain5 and Nausheen Akhtar Malik1
...us disease outbreaks adversely influence the production potential and consequently cause economic losses. Epidemiological data regarding magnitude of these disease outbreaks is of fundamental importance for planning of a comprehensive control strategy. With retrospective design, this study was conducted from January 2013 through December 2017 in order to assess the disease burden on broilers reared in different open type pou...
Javed Khan1, Abdul Majid1, Mohammad Nisar2*, Ali Hazrat2, Nausheen Nazir3, Muhammad Zahoor3, Mohammad Ihsan2, Azhar Hussain Shah1, Muhamad Ajmal Khan4 and Muhammad Yahya1
...knowledge help the breeders and farmers to select the best variety. Alnus nitida is one of the native and most important plants in District Dir Lower, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, mostly used for medicinal purposes. In the present study, total 50 genotypes of Alnus nitida were collected from Dir lower and evaluated for morphological traits (leaf, petiole, nut, and catkin size). A significant level of variations was observed...
Noor Muhammad* and Shah Alam Khan
...t selected canola cultivars for their tolerance against L. erysimi infestation under glass-house conditions. Experiment was carried out using completely randomized design with ten replications for each treatment during growing seasons of 2018 and 2019. Data were documented based on the tolerance indices (TI) and proportional plant dry weight change (DWT) to identify tolerance of canola crop. Results revealed that commercial cultivar ‘Zahoor&
Aasma Younas*, Ijaz Iqbal and Atif Akbar
...ifts will help the planners to enhance their choice....
Jing Fu
... in mucinous ovarian tumors and their correlation with tumor pathological classification and prognostic outcome. One hundred and sixty cases of ovarian mucinous tumors diagnosed from January 2018 and January 2020 were selected. They were divided into four groups: mucinous cystadenocarcinoma group (age 62.78±7.92, n=53), borderline mucinous cystadenocarcinoma group (age 63.82±9.26, n=55), mucinous cystadenocarci...
Hung Van Mai1, Tuan Duc Nguyen2, Nang Thu Tran Thi3 and Hung Phuc Nguyen4*
...lt; 0.05). These parameters tended to increase in the FSBM2D group as compared to the SBMD group, although the differences were not significant. All the FSBM dietary groups had significantly lower tissue lipid contents, gallbladder and intestinal total BA concentrations, intestinal lipase activities, and lipid ADCs than fish fed FMD (P < 0.05). The findings of the present study indicated that fermentation of SBM was beneficial to lipid digestion in pompano,...
Zhang Dong-jie1, He Xin-miao1,2, Wang Wen-tao1,2 and Liu Di1,2*
...d four Northeast wild boars were sequenced and the analysis yielded 8,988,338 non-redundant SNPs plus 1,231,680 InDels. A phylogenetic tree was constructed and a principal component analysis (PCA) was performed based on previously published SNP data from 66 individual pigs. Both analyses indicated the Min pig fell between the European and Asian pigs, while the Northeast wild boar was closely related to the Asian domestic and wild pig breeds. Selective sweep an...
Maid Zaman1*, Imtiaz Ali Khan1, Amjad Usman1 and Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi2
... in the colonies as workers, soldiers, and reproductive caste found across the globe specifically in tropics acting as invertebrate decomposer excluding the only 3% species which are the leading pests causing damages to agriculture, forestry, and housing/structures. Diverse ecological conditions of Pakistan made it favorable for termites which are found across the country but its dive
Muhammad Niamatullah1, Abdur Rehman1* and Raheel Saqib2
...y 100 sampled farmers were interviewed with the assistance of a well-designed structured questionnaire using simple random sampling procedure. Regression analysis as a statistical method was used to assess the impact of tube well irrigation on agriculture production, household annual income, poverty line, kinds of land, sources of irrigation and inputs used on land. The significant (P<0.05) impact of household annual income of farme
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Wafaa M.A. Ghoneem, Reham R. El-Tanany and Adel E.M. Mahmoud*
... addition) Rumen parameters were in the normal range and with insignificant (P<0.05) differences among groups. The pH values tended to increase but concentrations of ruminal NH3-N and TVFA tended to decrease as the level of zeolite increased. Concentrations of plasma urea were significantly (P<0.05) decreased with lambs fed zeolite rations. Results indicated that zeolite addition had no adverse impact on lambs&
Neelam Saba and Saba Irshad*
...9). Children under 15 years of age (mean age=2.2 ± 1.03 years) and diagnosed with congenital or acquired cataract were included in the study. Among 192 cases of cataract 166 were of congenital and 26 were of acquired cataract during childhood. Among 166 congenital cases, 97(58.4%) cases were bilateral and 69 (41.6 %) were unilateral. Maximum number of cases of congenital cataract was observed in idiopathic group (40.9...
Hadia Gul1, Abdul Haleem Shah1, Ricardo Harripaul2, Anna Mikhailov2, Ejaz Ullah Khan3, Wasim Shah3, Nisar Ahmad3, John B Vincent2,4 and Muzammil Ahmad Khan3*
... of pigmentation. It occurs due to defects in the melanin synthesis pathway. OCA is characterized by hypopigmentation of hair, dermis, and ocular tissue. The clinical consequences of OCA includes whitish skin, whitish to golden hair and photophobia. Genetic studies have so far reported seven non-syndromic OCA genes, among which Pakistani OCA families mostly segregate TYR and OCA2 gene mutations. In the present study we aimed to investigate the genetic factor o...
Amtul Jamil Sami*, Sehrish Bilal and Syeda Anum Zahra
...s study we amplified a 5’ flanking region covering exon 1 from local specie of Bubalus bubalis. As the 5’ region of the GH is very important in controlling the expression of the gene and minor changes in this sequence can affect its expression in blood. The PCR amplicon was sequenced and analyzed for homology with the help of BLAST search. Surprisingly, along with various point mutations in this region, we found ...
Anjum Ara1, Usman Ali1, Muhammad Furqan2*, Zulfiqar Ali2,
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad3, Khawaja Basharat Ahmed4,
Riaz Aziz Minhas4, Waqar Ahmed2, Zakir Hussain2 and Mian Aman Ullah2
...d to investigate the diversity, distribution, threats and conservation of freshwater turtles in Mirpur, Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan where no research work was done previously. Study area was divided in three study zones (Mirpur, Dadhyal and Chakswari) along the Jhelum river and further sub-divided into 18 localities. Line transect, hand capture, visual survey, tracking, trapping methods were applied to collect data related to dive...
Mukhlisi Mukhlisi1,*, Tri Sayektiningsih2 and Ishak Yassir1
...mportant components of karst forests. Their presence can be an indicator for habitat occupied. We identified bird communities in the karst forests of Teluk Sumbang, East Kalimantan. Bird sampling was done in hill karst forests and coastal karst forests. We employed a point count method by following transects. Observers...
Saydat Saad1, Doaa Abdel-Fattah1, Tarek Khamis2, Aya El-Sobky1*
...of less than 100 nanometers. Nanomaterials may undergo novel chemical and physical changes as a result of their size, indicating increased reactivity and solubility. Nanotechnology has a huge potential to make a major change in the agriculture and livestock sector. It can introduce new tools for molecular and cellular biology, biotechnology, veterinary physiology, animal genetics, and reproduction. Nano-propolis is beneficial to veterinary medicine in differen...
Zein Ahmad Baihaqi1,2, Irkham Widiyono3*, Bambang Suwignyo4, Amado A. Angeles5
... review of the last 5 years related to the utilization of tannin active compounds showed the effect on the reduction of methane production. Condensed tannin (CT) and hydrolyzed tannin (HT) types both play an important role in reducing methane, but CT is widely studied because of its presence which is more commonly found. The concept of tannin utilization still presents its own challenges to focus on the dose of administration, the structure of the tannin itsel...
Sozan A.A. Ismaeil1*, Hassan Emam2
...ollagen, and elastic fibers with silver, Crossman, and Orcein stains respectively and faint positive reaction with PAS while in the liver of Ibis was vice versa. This study aims to understand normal gross anatomy and histology of the liver in Young Homing Pigeons and Cattle Egrets. It can be concluded that the presence of gall bladder and absence of it and habit of feeding significantly af...
Riaz Shah1*, Shaikha Hilal Al Ismaili2, Sheikha S. Al-Siaby1, Amal Mohammed Al Nasiri2, Thuraiya Hafidh Al Maskari2, Jamal AlSabahi3 and Huda Al-Ruqaishi3
...sidered as chemical markers for basil. The different regions seem to have different yield/composition....
Muhammad Faisal Riaz1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1 and Talha Nazir2
...mined the prevailing diversity of aphids on different economically important plantations in district Sargodha. From November to April 2018-2019 and 2019-2020, about 51,000 apterous adult aphid specimens were collected from various plantations from all six tehsils of district Sargodha and were identified up to species level. Richness and relative abundance of different aphid species were determined by calculating Shannon Wiener&rs
Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed1, Aziz Ullah2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta3*, Amna Bibi3, Hafeez-ur-Rehman4 and Umar Farooq4
... areas of the world. Adverse effects were observed on plant growth and productivity under drought conditions. Total 40 wheat genotypes with diverse genetic makeup were assessed in glasshouse for seedling attributes against limited water conditions using completely randomized design during the season 2019-20 in the Islamia University of Bahawalpur. Based on mean values reasonable variations...
Junaid Ahmad1*, Shazma Anwar1, Anwar Ali Shad2, Sher Shah Souri1, Bibi Amina3, Wajia Noor4, Abidullah1 and Muhammad Adil1
... Research Farm, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar in summer season 2018 with objectives to find out impact of molybdenum (0, 0.5, 1.5 and 2.5 kg ha-1) and phosphorus (0, 30, 60 and 90 kg ha-1) application on performance of mungbean. The trial was presented in randomized complete block design having three replicates. For molybdenum and phosphorus source, sodium molybdate and single super phosphate was used. The findings of trial indicated that molybdenum ...
Hussain Ali1, Shahid Sattar Khan1, Fazal Maula2, Said Hussain Shah3* and Misbah Uddin1
...grating resistant cultivars and chemical management techniques for rice stem borers....
Muhammad Tariq Mahmood1*, Muhammad Akhtar2, Kaiser Latif Cheema2, Abdul Ghaffar3, Imtiaz Ali4, Muhammad Jahanzaib Khalid2 and Zeshan Ali5
...or detection of most diverse and high yielding genotypes is a pre requisite for a successful crop breeding program. For this purpose, a research experiment comprising of sixty-eight elite chickpea germplasm genotypes along with two commercial varieties were sown under tri-replicate randomized complete block design during the winter season of 2020-21. D2 statistics, principle component analysis and cluster analysis were employed to detect the most genetically v...
Muhammad Shoaib1*, Muhammad Nawaz2, Muhammad Ilyas3, Muhammad Shafique1, Imran Khan1*, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Muhammad Sultan Ali Bazmi4, Muhammad Arshad5, Ghulam Ahmad4, Muhammad Irfan6, Muhammad Umer Chattha1 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
...sessed the impact of diverse seeding rates and seed sizes on performance of wheat. The study was comprised of various seeding rates 100, 125 and 150 kg ha-1 and different seed sizes i.e., bold seed (more than 2.7 mm), medium seed (less than 2.7 mm) and small seed (less than 2.3 mm). The various seed sizes and rates significantly affected performance of wheat crop. For seed sizes maximum LAI, CGR, plant height (94.32 cm) productive tille
Shoaib Hameed1, Shakeel Ahmad1, Jaffar Ud Din2 and Muhammad Ali Nawaz3*
...e Himalayan brown bear (Ursus arctos isabellinus) historically occupied the vast mountain ranges of South and Central Asia. Their range has shrunken significantly in the past century and they currently live in small and isolated populations. Most of their range has not been surveyed; hence information on their distribution is largely based on anecdotal information and expert judgments. The present study investigated the species&rs
Lethal and Sub Lethal Effects of Plant Extracts and Green Silver Nanoparticles against Culex pipiens
Abdul Jabbar1, Muhammad Tariq1*, Asim Gulzar1, Tariq Mukhtar2 and Tayyaba Zainab3
... 3rd and 4th larval instars of C. pipiens after 96 hours. With the increase in time intervals and concentrations, the mortalities increased showing direct positive relationships between mortalities and time intervals and concentrations. The lethal and sub lethal effects of plant extracts on the mean development of larvae was the maximum by A. indica while the effects on pupal period were the maximum by A. indica and Z. offic...
Muhammad Mohsin1, Zhang Luyao2*, Zhu Ting3, Yin Hengbin3 and Qian Chong3
...he world. Its marine waters are frequently declared as over-harvested. Therefore, accessing the exploitation status of commercial fishery resources becomes very important for their proper management. This study uses catch statistics, 2007-2018, of a vital fishery resource, viz., Ammodytes personatus (Girard, 1856) to know its stock status and ongoing economic implications. For this purpose, Surplus Production Models (SPMs) w...
Dalia Khatun1, Md. Yeamin Hossain1,2*, Md. Firose Hossain3, Zannatul Mawa1, Md. Ataur Rahman1, Md. Rabiul Hasan1, Md. Akhtarul Islam1, Md. Ashekur Rahman1, Habib Ul Hassan4 and Sadicun Nahar Sikha1
... study illustrates the first complete description on population parameters of Corica soborna including sex ratio (SR), length-frequency distributions (LFDs), length-weight relationships (LWRs), length-length relationships (LLRs), condition factors (allometric, KA, Fulton’s, KF, relative, KR, and relative weight, WR), form factor (a3.0), size at fis...
Lifang Zhang, Xiuyue Zhang and Bisong Yue*
...analyzed the genetic diversity on Periplaneta americana of 12 populations consisting of 360 individuals with 16 high polymorphic markers. The results showed that the number of alleles per locus ranged from 16 to 32, with an average value 24.5. The observed heterozygosity value (HObs) varied from 0.481 to 0.906 and the mean HObs was 0.698; the expected heterozygosity value (HExp) varied from 0.625 to 0.928 and the mean HExp w...
Muhammad Tahir Jan1, Sarfraz Ali Shad2, Mushtaq Ahmad Saleem3 and Muhammad Binyameen2,*
...12, respectively. Taylor’s power law of regression showed an aggregate spatial pattern distribution of eggs for E. vittella in plants in both years. Variance-to-mean ratio, the chi-square test index, and Lloyd index of patchiness indicated uniform eggs distribution for both years. Within the plants, the most preferred oviposition sites were just below the terminal portion on such str...
Bikash Puri1, Anil K. Tiwary2, Bharata Regmi3,4, Dinesh K. Singh1, Doj R. Khanal5 and Manoj K. Shah3*
...uetongue disease and understand its associated risk factors from the international border areas of Nepal. A total of 220 blood samples were collected randomly from apparently healthy ruminants (cattle, buffalo, sheep and goat) and screened for Bluetongue virus (BTV) antibodies in sera using a cELISA kit. Out of 220 sera samples, 92 were positive for BTV, accounting for 41.8% prevalence in ruminants. Seroprevalence rate was t...
Shumaila Nazir1, Iqbal Javed1, Muhammad Luqman2* and Azra3
...ce between trading partners were used to estimate the model. Data were collected from the international trade center, Federal Bureau of Statistics; Islamabad, Pakistan Economic Survey, and International Financial Statistics. Domestic prices of Kinnow were obtained from Pakistan Statistical Yearbook. Exchange rate data was taken from the State Bank of Pakistan. The results of system GMM (Generalized Method of Moment) shows that domestic prices, domestic exchang...
Hams M.A. Mohamed1, Mona A. El-Zamkan2*
... from small scale producers, farmers and markets at Qena city, Egypt, were examined for the presence of Streptococcus species. The preliminary identification was confirmed by using VITEK®2 system which revealed the presence of four isolates of S. thoraltensis. The antimicrobial susceptibility of the obtained isolates was detected phenotypically and genotypically, in addition to the ability of these isolates to produce bi...
Mohammed H. Galhoum1, Hamza M. Eed2, Essam S. Soliman1*
...a ...
Syed Haseeb Ahmed Shah, Irfan Shahzad Sheikh, Abdul Samad, Muhammad Kamran Taj, Mohammad Masood Tariq*, Majed Rafeeq, Sumaira Fazal, Niamatullah Kakar, Sabeera Afzal and Asadullah
...ntibiotics growth promotors (AGPs) are used for enhancing the growth performance and to reduce harmful effects of bacteria in broiler chicken. These anti-microbial agents are capable of destroying the metabolism of microbes and can alter certain properties of bacterial cellular and metabolic activity which results in impaired growth or death of these bacteria. This study was planned to find out the effect of AGPs in broiler chicken. For the purpose one day old...
G. Basana Gowda*, N.B. Patil, M. Sahu, S.R. Prabhukarthikeyan, S. Raghu, G.P. Pandi, T. Adak, C.K. Swain, S. Pokhare, S.D. Mohapatra and P.C. Rath
...sects are crucial to understand their function in the physiology of the host. The hypothesis of the present study was that gut microbiota in phosphine resistant population inhabits phosphine degrading bacteria. The study demonstrated the differential gut bacteria in phosphine-resistant and susceptible populations in Tribolium castaneum. Phosphine bioassay of different populations of T. castaneum revealed that Jagatsinghpur (Odisha, India) population had the hi...
Mirza Lena1,2, Dinda Fathia Syahramadani2, Alfi Nurrachma Gustya2, Arif Darmawan2,3, Sumiati2, Wiwin Winarsih4, Minoru Maeda5, Komang Gede Wiryawan2*
...biotics as growth promoters (AGP) has been prohibited, which has a detrimental impact on poultry performances. The prohibition is based on its negative impacts such as antibiotic residue and antimicrobial resistance. Alternative feed additives should be developed to replace the use of AGP in poultry production. Hence, the study aimed to evaluate the effects of combined dietary probiotics L. lactis D1813 and B. licheniformis D3270 on broiler performance, energy...
Gülseren Kırbas Dogan1,*, Emin Karakurt2, Mushap Kuru3 and Hilmi Nuhoglu2
...ology at the Kafkas University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine between 2017 and 2019. These calves comprised one with anencephaly, one with diencephalic syndrome, one with schistosoma reflexum, two with anasarca, and one with nasal and calvarium openings. After necropsy, samples were taken from the organs, foreseen and routine pathological examinations were performed. Following these procedures, the calves were brought to the anatomy laboratory and anatomically...
Ndumiso Malusi1, Andrew Bamidele Falowo2, Yiseyon Sunday Hosu3,4, Emrobowansan Monday Idamokoro3,4*
... Several prevailing factors have however limited the prospect and sustainability of cattle production among rural farmers who happen to be a major player in cattle production in South Africa. Such prevalent factors that have been identified to decline cattle productivity include poor animal breeding, lack of available feed resources, marketing constraints and animal health challenges among...
Ayman M. Khalifah1*, Walaa A. Kashyout1, Sara A. Abdalla2, Hassan S. Zeweil3, Soliman M. Zahran3, Tarek A. Ebeid4, Waleed M. Dosoky3
...its, including feed conversion ratio (FCR), daily egg number, and egg mass, were affected positively by Cr-Met supplementation (P ≤ 0.05) compared to birds fed BD. All eggshell and interior egg quality traits were not affected by Cr-Met supplementation. Cr-Met administration positively affected yolk total lipid and yolk total cholesterol compared to birds fed BD as their values were decreased. Also, Cr-Met addition improves the concentricity of unsaturated ...
Muhammad Tariq1, Imtiaz Rabbani2, Muhammad Shahbaz Yousaf2, Imdad Ullah Khan1*, Hafsa Zaneb2, Sajid Iqbal3, Alam Zeb Khan1, Shakirullah1, Muhammad Shuaib Khan1, Atta Ur Rehman1 and Mumtaz Ali Khan2
...-196 °C. The parameters evaluated were percentage motility, plasma membrane integrity (HOST assay), acrosomal integrity (NAR), viability (Live/Dead), DNA integrity (Acridine orange assay) and oxidative stress (TBARS assay). Five straws from each Gallic acid group were thawed individually in water bath at 37°C for 30 seconds. The addition of 15 µM GA to semen extender improved...
Mian Abdul Hafeez1*, Adeel Sattar2, Faiza Aslam3, Muhammad Imran3, Kamran Ashraf1, Rashid Zia2 and M. Muntazir Mehdi1
...tment groups of 25 broilers in each pen on 5th day of age. Birds in groups A, B, C and D were challenged by 60,000-70,000 sporulated oocysts of mixed species local isolates at 21st day of age. Groups A and B were medicated with Ibuprofen (100mg/kg body weight) orally and Ibuprofen (100mg/kg B.W) orally plus Clopidol (0.5g/kg) of feed respectively, post infection for five days. The group C was medicated with Clopidol (0.5g/kg) of feed. The group D served as inf...
A.H. Alqhtani1, A.S. Alharthi1, N.J. Siddiqi2, S. Zargar2 and A.M. Abudabos1*
...feeding on growth promoters. However, total serum protein, gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) showed no significant differences between the groups. Thus, it can be concluded that probiotic, prebiotic and symbiotic in feed may cause some degree of liver damage as indicated by the release of AST and ALT in the serum....
Mensah Gertrude Dzifa1, Christian Larbi Ayisi2,* and Elliot Haruna Alhassan1
...anish Laboratory of University for Development Studies where they were acclimatized for two weeks. The fry were then stocked in 60 litre bowls (50 cm X 40 cm X 40 cm) at a density of 20 fry per bowl. The results show that substituting fish meal with shea meal affects final weight, weight gain, final length and specific growth rate significantly. The highest final mean weight (8.09±0.37g) was recorded in fish fed SNM 25 whilst the least (5.71±0.54...
Sana Khalid1,2*, Muhammad Zia-ur-Rehman2,3, Usman Hameed2,4, Shabnum Shaheen1, Muhammad Naveed Shahid5, Khajista Jabeen1, Farah Khan1, Muhammad Saleem Haider1
...nd tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) plants and these were liberated to healthy plants for transmission of viruses. It was evident from the results that the whiteflies were incapable to acquire and transmit chickpea chlorotic dwarf virus (CpCDV)-a mastrevirus and mastrebegomo chimeric virus (MCV) from the symptomatic tobacco and tomato plants to healthy plants. Whiteflies also failed to acquire and transmit the cotton leaf curl Kokhran virus-Burewala strain (CL...
Ramy S. Yehia1,3, Essam A. Shaalan2* and Hashem M. Al-Sheikh1
... and inhibition of flies’ emergence. Blends from fungi and essential oils exhibited synergistic effect but fungi mixture produced antagonistic effect. The development of M. domestica larvae was affected by sublethal dose from fungi. In conclusion, M. anisopliae is more efficient than B. bassiana and could be easily mixed with essential oils to either enhance larvicidal activity or utilize in integrated pest management. Furthermore, research on field eval...
Doaa Sh. Mohamed1, Nema S. Shaban2 , Mai M. Labib3, Olfat Shehata4
...eceptor 4 (TLR4) and lowers the serum levels of both nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α). The elevated levels of Creatine Kinase - MB (CK-MB), Lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH), and Troponin-1 induced by doxorubicin injection were neutralized by almond oil supplementation. Almond oil ameliorated all the histological alterations caused by doxorubicin. The administration of almond oil with doxorubicin modulated the dox...
Maskur Maskur1*, Muhammad Muhsinin1, Lestari, Tapaul Rozi1, Asnawi2
...p;...
Kanakuntla Sandhyarani*, Dhoppalapudi Madhuri, Yadala Ravikumar
...agents, nutritional factors and managemental prcatices. Infectious agents include Nephropathic Infectious Bronchitis Virus (IBV), Avian Nephritis Virus (ANV), Chicken Astrovirus (CAstV) and nutritional factors like high dietary calcium (>2%), high crude protein (> 30%), Hypovitaminosis A, Hypervitaminosis D3, dehydration, high sodium carbonate, Copper sulfate, mycotoxins in feed causes renal failure leads to gout. The ...
Nargis Sardar1*, Maria Binte Sarfraz2, Sufian Rasheed3 , AKM Rezwan Sardar4 , Fahamida Zaman5, Arsalan Rasheed6,7*
... electrochemical biosensors that have been conducted in recent years. According to the research, the practical use of electrochemical biosensors is attributed to the existence of UV radiation and transactivation of pharmaceutical items, food, or even human blood plasma in the detection of Vitamin D from diverse samples, including Vitamin D production in ...
Hanan Fathy Hammouda1, Mohammad Mahmoud Farag2*, Mervet M.F. El Deftar3, Mohamed Abdel-Gabbar4, Basant M. Mohamed4
... and mineralization markers of osteoblast cells that increased with time as the highest concentrations of CeO2 innanobioactive glass (sample CL/CH/C10). Cell viability proved also that all scaffolds and their extracts showed proliferation inhibition with time < 25% reference to final cell number of control cells. Among the composites, having CL/CH/C5 showed the highest cytotoxic effect and reduced survival rate of osteosarcoma cells to 75.68...
Heba Mohamed Shaheen1, Ali Meawad Ahmed1*, Hosny Abdelltief Abdelrahman1, Rania Helmy Abohatab Abdou2, Aya Salama Mohamed Kamel1
... study 300 chilled broilers carcasses were collected from different poultry markets in Ismailia City, Egypt to evaluate qualitative, quantitative and tetracycline levels. Qualitative determination of tetracycline residues was done using rapid tetracycline test kit. Second aim of the study was fined a safe way to control the hazards of tetracycline concentrations through study the influence of simmering and frying on these residues. Quantitative determination o...
Naima Din1, Misbah Ashraf1, Muhammad Rizwan2*, Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal4, Hafiz Ghazanfar Abbas2, Farrukh Ilahi2, Amir Hameed5, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub6, Qurban Ali1 and Muhammad Farooq2,3
...n: justify;">Five cultivars of Okra viz., Sabz Pari, Shakti Hybrid, NS-810, OK Advanta-803 and NS-801 were tested for resistance against Amrasca devastans (Dist.) at the farm area of Vegetable Research Institute, Ayub Agricultural Research Institute (AARI), Faisalabad in 2018-19. Observations regarding the population of A. devastans were recorded from 20 leaves per treatment at random (upper, lower, middle leaves), Physio-morphic characte...
Omer Eyuboglu
...text-align: justify;">Overseas transportation of non-indigenous species (NIS) and their permanent habitation of secondary regions pose a critical threat that adversely affects the marine environment and marine based economic activities and applications. The transportation of NIS causes a decline in fish industries, spoilage of culture fishing stocks, rising production costs, adverse effect...
Imtiaz Ali Shah1*, Maleeha Anwar1, Rafiullah2, Inamullah Wazir1, Muhammad Hasnain Riaz1, Abdur Raziq1, Muhammad Ijaz Ali1, Faizul Hassan1, Khalid Khan3, Yasin Ahmad4, Irshad Ahmad5, Muhammad Ibrahim Rashid5, Muhammad Tariq Zeb1*
...h PCR by targeting serovars specific genes i.e rfbJ, fliC, fljB for S. Typhimurium and ST11, SPV, SefA for S. Enteritidis. The prevalence of Salmonella was found to be 22 (11%), out of which 17 (77.27%) isolates were S. Enteritidis and 5 (22.73%) isolates were found to be S. Typhimurium as confirmed through PCR. The presence of infectious Salmonella in table eggs in Peshawar presents a serious public health threat and should be monitored on routine basis for t...
Sharjeel Saif1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1*, Ghulam Mustafa Solangi2, Rehana Burriro3, Hasina Baloch1, Atta Muhammad Memon2
...tigation was conducted first time in centre-west Balochistan to get the preliminary data on mycoplasma mastitis. Milk samples (n = 579) were collected from three districts viz., Jaffar abad, Sohbat pur and Naseer abad from mastitis suspected buffaloes. The samples were collected from those animals which had abnormal milk or physical signs (like swelling, abscess, wound etc.) on udder or teats or have suddenly dropped milk production. All samples were cultured ...
Hong Liu and Rui Xu*
...tion, blood flow parameters of the uterine artery and fetal umbilical artery of the pregnant woman were correlated at the 12th week and the 22nd week. We found that FI, VI and VFI decreased in the mild and severe prehypertension groups were compared with the control group (P<0.05). There was a certain correlation of blood flow parameters of pregnant women’s uterine artery and feta...
Ali Ghazi Atiyah1*, Nadia Hameed Rija Al-Falahi2 and Ghazi Atiya Zarraq3
...l source of calcium precursor. The β-CPP powder was prepared by a wet precipitation process using calcination temperature 1200 ºC for 2 h, then the scaffold was designed by using cylindrical template under specific compression pressure. Synthesis of β-CPP powder was characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and simulation body fluid. The results reveal that β-CPP powder was pu...
Shakila Mumtaz1, Khalid Javed1, Muhammad Dawood1*, Muhammad Imran2, Asad Ali1 and Nazia Ramzan1
...nds largely on the breed’s genetics and ration fed. Different proteins can be found in milk. Beta-caseins are thought to be more important because some serious health-related issues in humans have been reported with the consumption of A1 milk (mutated casein variant). This study was planned to investigate the polymorphism in the beta-casein gene (CSN2) in Sahiwal (40), American Holstein Friesian (40) and the crossbred (Sahiwal × HF) (50). PCR-RFLP ...
Jie He* and Ren Yang
...hed according to Pringle’s method. Results showed that compared with propofol group and vitexin group, levels of serum ALT, AST and LDH in propofol + vitexin group were reduced (P < 0.05), apoptosis index was reduced (P < 0.05), Bcl-2 protein expression was increased (P < 0.05), Bax protein and caspase-3 protein expression was decreased (P < 0.05). In conclusion, propofol and vitexin could up-regulate expression of Bcl-2 protein, down-regulat...
Qaisra Siddique1*, Sajid Abdullah1, Huma Naz2, Khalid Abbas1, Laiba Shafique1 and Qingyou Liu3
...CPF) on biochemical markers such as glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity and total protein contents in various tissues (gills, hepatic, renal, brain, muscle and cardiac) of Labeo rohita was determined. Fish was exposed for 60-day and sampling was done after 7-day. Results showed that the GST activity was considerably increased in L. rohita as compared to control. The GST activity was enhanced in various tissues (hepatic, brain, cardiac, gills, renal and mu...
Mudassir Safdar, Aurang Zeb, Sidra Khalid, Shahid Bashir, Riffat Mehboob* and Muhammad Imran
...he subjects was 21.88 years, with an average initial BMI of 24.71 kg/m2. Findings of the efficacy trial showed that the average hemoglobin level in anemic girls increased from 8.99 to 9.94g/dl. The prevalence of severe anemia was reduced from 8 to 4% (p < 0.05), moderate anemia reduced from 80 to 68%. However percentage of mild anemic girls increased from 12 to 28% as a result of shift of moderate anemic subjects to mild anemic group. It is concluded from t...
Ranjhan Junejo1*, Shahabuddin Memon1, Muhammad Usman Shar2, Ayaz Ali Memon1 and Fakhar-un-Nisa Memon3
...ion of different parameters for trapping of red palm weevil by utilizing pheromone traps. Different field trials have been performed at district Khairpur Mir’s, Sindh-Pakistan. Therefore, different field trials have been performed at date palm orchards of district Khairpur Mir’s, Sindh-Pakistan. During the field trials, various parameters suc...
Soliman Mohammed Soliman
...men fermentation parameters, and milk production in dairy cows. Twenty Friesian cows were randomly allocated to four groups (five cows /group). All cows were fed TMR (total mixed rations). The first group was fed TMR without supplementation, groups from 2 to 4 were fed TMR supplemented with one of the feed additives S. cerevisiae, yucca, or green seaweed at a rate of 25 g, 20 g, and 100 g/head/day for respectivel...
Mohamed Ali Zayed
...rachii (TB), Longsimus Dorssi (LD) and Biceps Femoris (BF) samples were collected at 24 h postmortem from the carcasses of Bakri lambs. Lambs were separated according on drinking water type into two groups, the 1st group (G1); lambs drank fresh water (274 ppm TDS) (control group). The 2nd group (G2); lambs drank saline water (5980 ppm TDS). The physical, chemical properties and histological structures of three muscles types from eight...
Panjono1*, Endy Triyannanto2, Widagdo Sri Nugroho3, Muhammad Danang Eko Yulianto1, Bayu Andri Atmoko1,4
...y using PRB. The parameters observed included the number of people involved, the handling time, and the stress response of the cattle. The data were statistically analyzed using an independent sample T-test. The use of PRB could reduce (P<0.01) the number of people (5.17±0.41 people) compared to conventional slaughter (7.70±1.16 people). The use of PRB can accelerate (P<0.01) the time of herding, crushing and the total time required for han...
Jocelín Selene Sánchez Cisneros1, Braulio Alejandro Fuantos Gámez1, Martin Herrik Ramón Kane1, Laura Miranda Contreras2, Camilo Romero Núñez2*
...ia, dermatosparaxis, Ehlers-Danlos syndrome, or also called skin fragility syndrome, is a hereditary disorder of the connective tissue caused by the defective synthesis or assembly of collagen. This case describes a young albino Burmese python that presented with dry-looking skin, multiple folds and wounds. Skin samples were taken for histopathology and compared with a healthy specimen of the same species and colour characteristics. The diagnosis was cutaneous...
Nuzhat Naseem, Sajid Abdullah and Sana Aziz*
...ngerlings) fed distiller’s dried grains with solubles based diet, supplemented with phytase. Six different feeds were formulated by supplementing different concentrations of phytase. i.e. D1 without phytase supplementation, D2, D3, D4, D5 and D6 with 250, 500, 750, 1000 and 1250 FTU phytase per kilogram of diet, respectively. An experiment was conducted for 2 months. During this experiment, water quality parameters wer...
Shahid Sherzada1,2*, Muhammad Naeem Khan1 and Masroor Ellahi Babar2
...types and nucleotide diversity was 0.42 and 0.0018, respectively. The mean intraspecific and intragenric K2P genetic distances were 0.2% and 1.2%, respectively. Rate of transitional and transversional substitution was 16.68% and 4.16%, respectively. The transition/transversion bias value R was 1.25. The negative values of Tajima D test as well as Fu and Li D and F tests supported the proce...
Ji Feng, Yuan Li, Puqing Song, Ran Zhang, Hai Li and Longshan Lin*
...to LWR data, it is the first time that relevant data from this sea area have been provided to fish base....
Fei Kong1,2, Qingjun Zhu1, Fanrong Xiao1, Jacob Mueti Ngwawa1, Hongxing Zhang2 and Haitao Shi1*
... study delves into the first to quantify the diet composition of Chinese soft-shelled turtle (Pelodiscus sinensis) in the middle confines of the Yellow River, China. 24 stomach content samples were collected from wild-caught individuals from natural habitats, the analysis result showed that the species diet was noted to be primarily omnivorous and comprised 23 prey taxa classified into nine groups: plant (4), fish (1), frog (1), earthworm (1), insect (9), moll...
Sajjad Khan*, Naila Chand, Abdul Hafeez, Nazir Ahmad
...calculated through Tukey’s test. Results indicated that supplementation of GA at 1.5% significantly (P<0.05) improved feed intake, body weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), European Production Efficiency Factor (EPEF) while no effect on livability of broiler chickens. High level (1.5%) of GA significantly (P<0.05) increased the relative weight of heart, liver and gizzard while no significant effect was obser...
Ali Raza1, Muhammad Sharif1*, Fawwad Ahmad1, Asghar Ali Kamboh2, Muhammad Saeed3, Muhammad Ashraf1 and Asad Ullah Hayder1
...el and slaughter parameters in broiler chicken. Diet A was without vitamin D and phytase supplementation (control). Diets B, C, D, E, F and G were supplemented with phytase at the rate of 400 FTU/kg, 800 FTU/kg, vitamin D 4000 IU/kg, 8000 IU/kg, phytase 400 FTU/kg + vitamin D 4000 IU/kg and phytase 800 FTU/kg + vitamin D 8000 IU/kg of feed, respectively. Each diet was fed to 30 broiler birds from post hatching to day 35. Feed intake was higher (P < 0.05) in...
El-Kholy KH1, Tag El-Din H1, Tawfeek FA2, Sara HM Hassab1*
... /kg diet decreased numbers of unfertilized eggs compared to the control treatment, as well increased fertilized eggs, the counts of chicks produced, the percentages of un-hatched eggs and the hatchability to the total. It is concluded that dietary addition of laying hens with SALE, can at least in part alleviate heat stress-induced damage to reproductive physiology. SLAE in 7.5 ml/kg dose could be used as a safe natural antioxidant for improving reproductive ...
Alshimaa A. Hassanien1*, Asmaa Osama Tolba2, Asmaa A. A. Hussein3, Walaa M. Elsherif4
...ts, and among food handlers working in the same food premises. In addition to the sequencing of 23S rRNA gene and phylogenetic relation between S. aureus isolated from meat products and food handlers. Also, detect the antimicrobial profile and effect of two natural agents of cow milk proteins such as casein and α-lactalbumin on S. aureus isolates of chicken and beef meat and human. Bacteriological culture and PCR were ...
Mohamed Attia Ahmed Awad1*, Obaida Abdel Kareem Almasri2, Mohamed Abd El-Aziz Mohamed Ibrahim1, Rabie Ragab Sadek1, Samy Abou-Bakr1
... lactation curve parameters, describe the shape of the lactation curve of Shami cows using Wood’s incomplete gamma function, and demonstrate the effect of environmental factors on the pattern of the lactation curve. A total number of 1533 weekly test-day records were collected on 584 Shami cows during the period from 1983 to 2012, at Deir Al-Hajar station belonging to the Ministry of...
Chandrakala Rana1*, Deepak Subedi1*, Shanti Kunwar1, Rajesh Neupane1, Birendra Shrestha2, Khan Sharun3, Dinesh Kumar Singh4 and Krishna Kaphle2
...a Campus, Tribhuvan University with symptoms of urinary inconsistency, haematuria, and inappetence. Radiography and ultrasonography revealed the presence of calculus in the urinary bladder. Cystolithotomy was performed and the dog responded to the intervention and recovered uneventfully....
Muhammad Salman*, Muhammad Hamayoon Khan, Muhammad Zahid, Gul Zamin Khan, Fazli Rahim and Usman Khalique
...Bactrocera zonata (Saunders), the peach fruit fly is a severe pest of many important fruits in Pakistan causing massive economic losses. Experiments were executed to reveal the ovipositional preference of B. zonata for four selected fruits belonging to different plant families, viz., banana (Musa acuminate), persimmon (Diospyros kaki), apple (Malus domestica) and tomato (Solanum lycopersic...
Bilal Jan1, Farida Anjum1*, Aasma Bibi1, Syed Roohul Hussain1, Abdul Ahad1, Azeem ud Deen1, Zia Ullah2 and Farrakh Mehboob3
...l classes, using Agilent’s Intuvo-9000 GC-µECD system. A total of thirteen peach samples, ten from fruit orchards and three from fruit markets, belonging to five different varieties were collected and analysed. 38% of the samples were found to be non-compliant to EU-MRL for chlorpyrifos, 8% for atrazine and parathion-methyl, whereas no non-compliance was observed for FAO/codex maximum residue limits (MRLs). The designed method for the multi-class p...
Hassan Ali1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1* and Muhammad Imran Hamid2
...d to the indigenous farmers as biorational options for the management of T. granarium and other stored grain insect pests....
Houria Bouazzara1,2,*, Rachid Chaibi 1,2, Farouk Benaceur 1,2,3, Amira Nouioua4 and Laura Bruno 5
...ooplankton on the Wadi M’zi River from November 2018 to October 2019, samples were collected on a monthly basis from four stations. Thirty-three zooplankton species belonging to four taxa have been described from the Wadi M’zi River; Copepoda, Rotifera, Cladocera and Nematoda. The following diversity indexes were used to measure the diversity...
Hazel Tamakan* and Huban Gocmen
... PCR-RFLP. This is the first study to research the presence of MRSP in cats and dogs in Cyprus. The PCR-RFLP method based on the pta gene was confirmed to S. pseudintermedius. Methicillin resistance results were revealed with VITEK 2 and mecA gene detection was performed by PCR. A total of 100 samples including 50 cats and 50 dogs were examined from 6 veterinary clinics. S. pseudintermediu...
Tarık Bugra Saruhan and Alptug Sarı*
...nis aureus) in Trabzon, Arsin, Yanbolu Valley were tried to be determined starting from September 2019 to February 2021. In the study area with a total area of 158 km2, 62–days fieldwork was carried out. Direct and indirect observation methods were used in field studies. Direct observations were made by one or two-person using point and line observations, as well as using camera traps. In indirect observations, signs s...
Sonali Menamvar1,2,3, Kirubakaran Vinod Kumar1, Veeregowda Muniveerappa Belamaranahally2, Yella Narasimha Reddy3, Rathnamma Doddamane2, Shrikrishna Isloor2, Ramesh Poojari Thimmaiah2, Gurrappanaidu Govindaraj1, Bibek Ranjan Shome1, Vinayagamurthy Balamurugan1*
...e and is caused by serovars of pathogenic Leptospira. A pilot study was conducted in some of the dairy farms located in Telangana and Andhra Pradesh, endemic states of India, during 2017 to investigate the seropositivity of bovine leptospirosis in dairy animals and associated risk factors at the farm level. The semi-structured questionnaire was designed as per the literature and used to collect leptospirosis associated risk ...
Zulu Blantina Fangele, Tyasi Thobela Louis, Gunya Busisiwe*
...f eggs laid, most consumers prefer their flavoursome meat. Despite that, there has been a research gap in the genetic, physiological, and nutritional aspects of indigenous chickens of Africa over the past decade. The use of citric acid has higher economic potential owing to its numerous applications to chickens. This article critically reviews a detailed understanding of the description, a...
Hilarius Yosef Sikone1*, Budi Hartono2, Suyadi2, Bambang Ali Nugroho2
...ct respondents from traders and butchers). Samples used in the study were 115 respondents consisting of 90 farmers, ten collectors, four inter-island cattle traders, six cattle butchers, and five meat retailers. The data was analyzed quantitatively...
Rafiqul Islam1, Nasrin Sultana1*, Md. Abu Hadi Noor Ali Khan2
...at the DEX treated broilers had significantly higher serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels than the control broilers. In the gross morphologic and morphometric examination, the DEX supplemented groups showed varying degrees of congestion and significant decrease in all parameters of heart. The histomorphological examination showed myofibrillar degeneration and vacuolation in the DEX g...
Mohamed Saeed M. Hassan¹, Hitham Abdel-Saeed1*, Kawkab Abd El Aziz Ahmed2, Ossama Mohamed Abdou1
...ary medicine, Cairo University and private clinics in Cairo and Giza governorates, Egypt. A total number (71 dogs) was included in the present study. This number comprises 16 apparently healthy dogs and 55 anemic cases. Historical data, clinical and hematobiochemical investigations were applied on all animals for detection of the definitive common causes of anemia. Results revealed four main definitive causes of anemia included parvoviral infection (sub-group ...
Halidou Maiga Nafissatou1*, Abdou Moussa Mahaman Maâouia2, Moumouni Issa1, Marichatou Hamani1
...Niger. ...
Heba El-Zahar*, Zeinab Abd El-Rahman, Abbas El-Naggar
...ation as prognostic markers in dogs with IBD. After a detailed clinical, laboratory and ultrasonographic examination 21 IBD dogs with symptoms of chronic gastrointestinal diseases were chosen for the study. In addition to 11 healthy dogs served as control group. In comparison to controls, hematological analysis revealed significant variations (p<0.05) in total leukocyte count, hemoglobin, and mean platelet volume and significant variation (p<0.01) in neu...
Tahir Munir Butt1*, Azra2, Muhammad Luqman3, Naveed Farah4 and Muhammad Yaseen3
...ected 120 vegetable growers from each district who used to do vegetable farming using wastewater. Total sample size of the study was 240 vegetable growers. Quantitative and qualitative data were collected by conducting research survey. Interview schedule as well as interview guide was used as the research instruments. The data thus collected were analyzed using SPSS for interpretation. Findings revealed the most prominent re...
Palwasha1, Siraj-ud-Din1 and Muhammad Fahim2*
..., a number of basic factors are the major impediments in implementation of these goals. Surveys were conducted in Peach (Prunus persica L.) producing areas of Malakand Division, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, where peach production, a major income source, is facing a serious decline over the past decade. Peach growers were mostly owners in Swat and Chitral district...
Dharti Shahnawaz Thebo1*, Naeem Tariq Narejo2, Muhammad Hanif Chandio3, Faheem Saddar4, Shahnaz Rashid5, Asma Fatima5 and Ghulam Abbas5
.... The value of both factors reflects that the fish possess only one spawning season during the year in the month of May. The enumeration of fecundity was based upon ten mature fish ranging from 15.5 to 30.0 cm in length and from 18.18 to 148.0g in weight. High potential of eggs production i.e. (1020 eggs) was recorded for fish with 30.0cm length and 148.0 g weight. The low fecundity (300 eggs) was recorded for fish with15.5cm in length and 18.8g weight. Produc...
Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Shaukat Ali1, Muhammad Farooq Bhatti2, Azizullah1, Shafaat Yar Khan3, Abdul Khaliq4
...e (1st, 2nd and 3rd instars etc.) significantly influences the status of the resulting larva, pupae, adult and fiber. For this purpose, sericulture productivity has been impressively modulated by fertilizing the silkworm’s diet with natural food supplements or exogenous nutrients like Amway protein, honey, bovine milk, sericin, probiotics (Bacillus cereus, B. subtilis, B. amyloliquefaciens, B. licheniformis, Lactobacil...
Leila Shirani Bidabadi1,2, Mulood Mohammadi Bavani3, Fatemeh Janjani4, Abedin Sghafipour5*
...xt-align: justify;">Spiders are one of the most important order of Arachnids that consisting of almost 48,000 species around the world, but about 200 species have medically importance and sometimes can be fatal. The Iranian spider species belongs to 51 families and comprising 763 species. Of these families, Theridiidae and Sicariidae are the most medically important. The genus Latrodectus (Theridiidae) is the most dangerous spiders
Muhammad Rizwan, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Arshad
...ies are important to understand the abundance, life history and estimating extinction probability. The present study was conducted in three localities (tehsils) of district Sargodha during 2017 to determine the population dynamics of D. mangiferae nymphs and adults on citrus plants. Results showed that the average population of mealybug nymphs (9.92 individuals per branch) and adults (14.55 individuals per branch) was higher in Bhalwal as compared to Kotmomin ...
Jan Clyden B. Tenorio
...omes, thrives at the intersectionality of human health, veterinary health and environmental health. The interdependence of these three pillars highlights its importance as a holistic tool for inclusive development. With a prevailing pandemic that is caused by a zoonotic viral agent, One Health truly is the keyword of the times. Similarly, the numerous Neglected Tropical Diseases prevalent throughout the world also calls upon...
Nora Faten Afifah Mohamad1, Hassan Haji Mohd Daud1, Ruhil Hayati Hamdan2, Sharifah Raina Manaf3, Ain Auzureen Mat Zin2, Nik Nur Fazlina Nik Mohd Fauzi2
...xamination of methyl esters. The overall mean of saturated fatty acid (SFA) composition was significantly higher (p<0.05) in C. macrocephalus (48.21 ± 5.11) as compared C. gariepinus (32.15 ± 1.23) and hybrid CMxCG (37.70±0.35). Total monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFAs) composition of C. macrocephalus, C. gariepinus, and hybrid CMxCG was 32.14 ± 5.86, 45.24 ± 3.21, and 30.89 ±0.80, respectively, where palmitoleic (C1...
Aly M. Ghetas1*, Dalia M. Sedeek1, Hanaa S. Fedawy1, M.A. Bosila1, Asmaa M. Maatouq1, Hoda M. Mekky1, Kh. M. Elbayoumi1,2, Mohamed M. Amer3
...ly identify infectious bursal disease (IBD) virus (IBDV) from naturally infected native chickens. Thus, bursa specimens were collected from two IBD vaccinated native broiler chicken flocks showing clinical signs, mortality and lesions of IBD in this study. The collected bursae showed pathological changes related to those of IBD infection. Furthermore, the isolates were molecularly characte...
Mohamed Abd El-Fattah Abo-Farw1, Maged Ahmed Aboul-Omran1, Abdel-Khalek El-Sayed Abdel-Khalek2*
...live body weight, 5-7 years old, 3-5 parities, and 10.75 ± 2.66 kg/day milk yield were used in this study. The buffaloes were managed and feed at similar traditional conditions. Mastitis diagnosis was performed 21 days after calving, then animals (n=90) were grouped to normal (n= 75), and clinical mastitis (n=15) groups. Results show that interval from calving to first estrus (31.60±0.86 vs. 33.10±0.98 d...
Noor-us-Sabah1*, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Luqman2, Amir Aziz1, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Muhammad Aftab3
...t. As at higher pH, conversion of P to plant unavailable forms take place. Chemical P fertilizers are needed to be applied at higher rate to fulfill crop demand. Farmers are unable to apply adequate levels of fertilizers due to poor economy and unavailability of fertilizers at the time of crop requirement. Among altern...
Muhammad Hanif Khan1, Syed Muhammad Suhail2, Hayaz uddin1, Aitbar Khan3, Rashid Ahmed Magsi3, Rajwali Khan2*, Iftikhar Ahmed2, Asim Ijaz2 and Khalid Khan2
Ali Zohaib1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Mushtaq Ali2, Tahira Tabassum3 and Adnan Bashir1
... highest productive tillers and grains number per panicle were produced by Super Basmati and Chenab Basmati, respectively; however, maximum 1000-grain weight was produced by Noor Basmati and PK-1121 Aromatic. Among all varieties, the Chenab Basmati was highest yielder while NIAB Basmati 2016 produced the lowest yield. However, Super Basmati gave highest net returns and benefit cost ratio (BCR) due to its high paddy market price, and it was followed by Chenab B...
Ilvir Khabibullin1*, Ruzel Khabibullin1, Irina Mironova1, Lyalya Musina2, Elmira Akhmadullina1, Victoria Morozova1
...owed that mice and hamsters had approximately the same indicators of physical endurance, by the end of the experiment, the swimming time of the experimental group animals was significantly longer. The animals receiving pantocrine turned to be stronger. Their interval time increased by 267 seconds (Р≤0.05) while the swim time of animals consuming may chang rose by 96 seconds (Р≤0.05) compared to the control. Male hams...
Ni Putu Vidia Tiara Timur1*, Maria Maliga Vernandes Sasadara2, Purwanta1, Anak Agung Jayawardhita3
...resented to Udayana University Veterinary Hospital with swelling in the mandibular region and was reported that the swelling has been observed and was getting bigger since the dog was 8-month old. An initial examination identified a large volume of fluid. In 3 month period, the aspiration was performed twice, collecting a 8 cc and 5 cc clear yellowish fluid for each aspiration. The surgical treatment was decided as the best treatment to be performed to avoid r...
Hanan A. Abo-State*, Mosaad M. El-Monairy, Yasser A. Hamouda, Hussein M.A. Hassan
...of body weight for the first two weeks thereafter at 4% for the last period. The results showed that the best values of specific growth rate, final weight, weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio were obtained with fish fed diet supplemented 75% PSO followed by 50% PSO. The best values of protein efficiency ratio and protein productive value was obtained with fish fed 75% PSO followed by 50% and 25 % PSO supplemen...
Sana Shakoor, Tahir Rehman Samiullah, Naila Shahid, Abdul Qayyum Rao*, Aneela Yasmeen, Sana Tahir, Ayesha Latif, Saira Azam, Ahmad Ali Shahid and Tayyab Husnain
...y during the last few years. Besides antiviral treatment development of an effective vaccine to combat a high mortality rate is the need of time. As a step towards the development of the vaccine for the H9N2 strain of avian influenza virus HA gene was chosen as the immunogenic antigen because it is highly conserved among H9N2 strain of avian influenza virus. Moreover, immunogenic regions within HA gene may contain potential immunogenic epitopes. The specificit...
Fan Da1,3, Zheng-Yong Wen1,2*, Xiao-Dong Wang4 and Yu Luo5
...nown in fish. Here, we first identified the ucp2 gene in yellow catfish (Pelteobagrus vachelli) and investigated its transcriptional changes in response to fasting and refeeding. The cDNA of pvucp2 was 1,193 bp long and possessed a 939 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding 312 amino acids. Multiple protein sequences alignment revealed that UCP2 protein sequences were highly conserved among vertebrates. Phylogenetic analysis suggested the evolutionary process of...
Evrim Sönmez
...eeds. As a result of understanding the effects of entomopathogenic fungi on pests in recent years, researchers have also focused on fungi in fighting pests. These fungi, which are sold as bioinsecticides in the market, are generally preferred by producers who want to engage in organic or environmentally sensitive agriculture. Although there are a large n...
Mubashir Ali Rather1, Ambreen Hamadani2*, Syed Shanaz2, Nusrat Nabi2, Showkat Ahanger1, H. Hamadani2, Ruksana Shah2
...The state has a rich diversity of sheep genetic resources. However, concerning wool traits, the production potential of these breeds was poor. Accordingly, crossbreeding was taken up the breeding policy to improve the genetic worth of these breeds. As a result, a fast-growing and fine wool-producing sheep strain Kashmir Merino was developed. The present article summarizes the performance of this important synthetic sheep strain in the temperate region of Jammu...
Ameliorative Effect of GSPE Against AFB1 Induced Immunotoxicity and Hepatotoxicity in Japanese Quail
Maha Khalil1, Gamal Shams2, Hosny Abdel Fadil2, Nagah Edrees2, Mostafa Abonorag1, Nasser El-Sabbagh3, Eman A. Ahmed4*
...eks. Biochemical parameters, lipid peroxidation, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and histopathological investigations were assessed. GSPE supplementation alleviated AFB1-induced hepatotoxicity as reflected in diminishing alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, lipid peroxidation, and raising TNF-α and IL-6 as pro-inflammatory cytokines. Moreover, elevating the reduced levels of glutathione peroxidase, catalase, and superoxide ...
Moh Zali*, Nur Ihsan, Bambang Ali Nugroho, Kuswati, Umi Wisaptiningsih Suwandi, Riszqina, Suyadi
...mography of cattle breeders on livestock business activities. The demographic constructs discussed include age, education, long-time breeding experience, family dependents, and the number of livestock. Our data were drawn from local breeders in Pamekasan, Indonesia, known as a centre of Sonok cattle breeders. To examine the interaction effects, we used an IBM SPSS Statistics 25. Our study ...
Safaa M. Barghash1*, Amani A. Hafez2
...were assessed as biomarkers of the clinical phase of infections. Results revealed that T. evansi infection has a significant influence on the performance of rats, and antibody responses against both vaccines were significantly reduced in T. evansi-infected groups compared to controls and others did not contain T. evansi. It was accompanied by significant elevations levels in total leukocytic counts, urea, ALT, AST, ALP, and ...
El-Kholy, K.H.1*, Tag El-Din H.1, Seham N.E. Seleem1, A.M. El-Shhat2
...ghout incubation of duck’s eggs could be a technique to boost hatchability and ducklings’ quality. The objective of the present study was to determine the effect of in-ovo dipping of SV on the hatchability%, embryonic mortality, and internal and external of newly hatched ducklings. A total of 1560 fertile eggs used in the current experiment were obtained from Sudani ducks flocks of 33 weeks of age. The eggs were ...
Khaled El-Kholy1*, Yaser Rizk2, Mohamed El-Helbawy1, Eman El-Said1
...tiveness, safety and adverse effects of clove oil with those of salbutamol drug on growth performance, carcass characteristics and some blood parameters for growing rabbits. Forty New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits aged 6 weeks and weighing 950±30 g g were equally and randomly distributed into five groups which containing eight rabbits in each. Rabbits were injected once-weekly for all experimental period up to 14th week...
Tiara Widyaputri*, Aldryan Cristianto Pratama, Dian Vidiastuti, Yudit Oktanella
...e polymorphism that appears in the CD18 gene by the PCR-RFLP method is related to the BLAD carrier allele in Friesian Holstein crossbreed dairy cows. A total of 60 samples of cow’s whole blood were collected and extracted and DNA isolated. DNA amplification was carried out using primer Forward (BLAD_F) 5’-TCAACGTGACCTTCCGGAGG-3’ and Rev...
Shewangizaw Wolde1,2*, Tadele Mirkena1,3, Aberra Melesse1, Tadelle Dessie4, Solomon Abegaz5
...d feed intake. Feed conversion ratio was best (p<0.05) for LL male chickens. Survival rate of male chicken was not affected (p> 0.05) by genotype. Weights of slaughter, drumstick, thigh, breast, skin, gizzard, neck and total edible carcass were highest (P< 0.05) for SRSR and lowest (P< 0.05) for LL chickens in both sexes. The weights of drumstick, thigh, breast, back, heart, an...
Ly Thi Thu Lan1, Nguyen Thi Anh Thu1, Lam Thai Hung2, Nguyen Thi Hong Nhan3, Le Thanh Phuong4, Nguyen Trong Ngu3*
... 91, and carcass parameters were determined at 91 days for all chickens. For determining single nucleotide polymorphisms, the PCR-RFLP method was used with the help of AcyI restriction enzyme. A polymorphic site was found in the population, with the frequencies of 11, 12, and 22 genotypes being 0.18, 0.67, and 0.15, respectively. At the end of the experiment, better body weight (965-976 g/bird) and daily weight gain (10.5-10.6 g/bird/day) were found in chicken...
Muhammad F Tajol Ariffin1, Chai M Hian1, Muhammad Z Sukiman1, Mohd F Ghazali1, Siti M Zainal Ariffin2*
...on and SCC was observed (rs= 0.73, p<0.05). However, there were no associations between milk SAA and AGP concentrations with SCC respectively. In conclusion, altered expression of the serum and milk APPs was seen during S. aureus-induced subclinical mastitis infection in goats, which unlock the potentials of APP evaluation as alternative tools for early diagnosis of subclinical mastitis in goats. Also, there was a significant relationship between milk Hp an...
Hilaire S.S. Worogo*, Thierry O.T.L. Offoumon, Cham D.A. Alabi, Urbain Tchokponhoué, Yaya Idrissou, Alassan S. Assani, Fade Soule, Christophe Iwaka, Ibrahim Alkoiret Traoré
...nagement. The highest Pearson correlation coefficient was observed between Length index and Body index (r=0.72) while the most negative correlation was observed Length index and Height index (r=-0.99). These indices reveal a suitability for selection in the improvement of milk or meat production in this breed and therefore a mixed aptitude.
Keywords | traits, indices, shape, Borgou cattle, Okpara
...
Magdy M. Fahmy1, Nisreen E. Mahmoud 1*, Mohamed R. Mousa2, Manal M. Zaki3, Elshaimaa Ismael3, Mai Abuowarda1
...nd water quality parameters were reported. Pathological finding of the affected fish tissues revealed deleterious responses especially in gill tissues. Result analysis concluded that the associated impacts of ectoparasitic infestation together with the water quality deterioration played a significant role in mass mortalities event . The study recommended periodic monitoring of the lake water .Also, the proper sanitary and regular disposal of the waste remnants...
Abdul Wadood Khan1, Sabahat Subhan1*, Asif Ali Abro2 and Riaz Shahid3
...st at 2.86% for a few years and the minimum 0.96% in the 70s. In the 80s, followed by 90s the growing rate of agriculture TFP was 2.24 and 2.46%. During these decades, the TFP growth contributed around (33, 53 and 81%) to agriculture productivity. The analysis of TFP of the agriculture sector shows a significant variation in the TFP growth, due to climate change patterns, public interference, and macroeconomics strategies. The study recommends a dire need to i...
Hafeez-ur-Rehman1*, Umar Farooq1, Muhammad Asim Bhutta2, Saghir Ahmad2, Muhammad Akram2, Muhammad Rafiq Shahid2, Hammad Hussnain2, Muhammad Shahid2, Muhammad Mehmood Iqbal2, Ali Raza2 and Muhammad Iqbal2
...t of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivars with natural tolerance to drought stress is the foremost agenda of cotton breeders these days under the current scenario of climate change. The major purpose of the present study was to evaluate the cotton genotypes under naturally developed water-deficit condition and evaluating them in comparative study with natural full irrigation condition....
Ahmed Abdel-Rady1,2, Walaa Mostafa3*
...n, and age were the factors that affect the prevalence of trichostrongyle infection in this study. Data analysis reported that there was a significant effect for the season and sex on the trichostrongyle infection level; the highest nematode infection level was observed in the cold months (December-April) with a prevalence of 36.44% and lowest prevalence (15.17%) in hot months (May-September) (P<0.05). Females were found to be more prone to infection (31.48...
Mohammad Mahmudi1,2*, Muhammad Musa1,2, Sulastri Arsad1,2, Evellin Dewi Lusiana1,2, Alamanda Bunga1, Nur Azlina Wati1
...onments due to land conversion, particularly mangroves. Recently, the concept of eco-green aquaculture by integrating mangroves and shrimp ponds has been discussed as an attempt to preserve mangrove forests as well as using them as wastewater treatment for aquaculture sewage. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of integrated super-intensive shrimp aquaculture with mangroves in terms of water quality characteristics and phytoplankton as a bioindicat...
Nazakat Nawaz1, Nasir Mahmood Cheema2*, Malik Muhammad Yousaf3, Muhammad Jahanzaib1, Mubashir Ahmad Khan1 and Muhammad Munir4
...r lines and check cultivars BARD-479 and Golden. Its attributes include 70% shelling, 100-kernel weight 66g, 20-pods length 58 cm, oil content 53% and protein content 28%. It was also evaluated under natural field condition to check its potential and tolerance against fungal disease and insects. The subject line is rated as moderately resistant to fungal attack. At the same time, it is 10 to 15 days earlier than check varieties i.e. BARD-479 and Golden. PG-109...
Abid Hussain1*, Saifullah Khan2, Shamas Liaqat3 and Shafiullah4
...ure and related sub-sectors in Gilgit-Baltistan and Chitral regions of Pakistan. The regions are unique in topographical and agricultural perspective from other areas of the country. Cultivated area is just 0.57% of the geographical area. Operational per capita land holding in the region is just 0.05 ha (less than 500 m2) which is insufficient to produce sufficient amount of food to feed a pers
Mudssar Ali1*, Muhammad Awais Ahmad1, Asif Sajjad2 and Shafqat Saeed1
...gned to evaluate the diversity and effectiveness of native insect pollinators in carrot seed production. An experiment was performed at the research farm of MNS University of Agriculture, Multan during vegetative season (October-April) in 2019-20. Seven syrphid fly and four bee species were found visiting the carrot flowers that comprised of 65% and 35% ...
Doaa Khairy1, Mohamed Ali Osman2 and Fatma Abdel Mohsen Mostafa1*
...t as plant growth promoters and potentially be developed into a commercial nematicide to be used in sustainable and organic farming systems....
Hyun-Ju Cho1, Eun-Jae Lee2 and Shin-Jae Rhim3*
... and found that the numbers of captured individuals of both species were highly related to the patch size. We determined that understory coverage and the volume of coarse woody debris were the habitat variables associated with the A. agrarius population, while the corresponding variables associated with A. peninsulae population were suboverstory coverage...
Aymen Mabrouk*
...ed hematological parameters except platelets level. In conclusion, TQ can be considered for the first time as a promising therapeutic agent against Pb-induced hematotoxicity....
Yaruq Jabeen1, Nida Ansari1, Haroon Rasheed1, Muhammad Asif Rasheed1,*, Muhammad Awais2, Muhammad Ibrahim1, Sumaira Kanwal1, Aqsa Khalid3, Manzoor Ahmad Zahid4 and Farrukh Jamil1,*
...ify;">In the past few years, several docking tools have been developed for molecular dockings such as LeDock, rDock, AutoDock Vina, AutoDock, UCSF DOCK, GOLD, Glide, Surflex-Dock, LigandFit and MOE-Dock. Among these, AutoDock Vina has been widely used by academia for molecular docking. This tool performs docking of a ligand into a protein by seven steps. For docking analysis of several ligands, AutoDock Vina is a time-consuming tool. In order to make AutoDock ...
Ji Xu, Zhonghua Liu, Zhenhai Cui and Wenhai Zhao*
...rocyte inflammatory factors and apoptosis rate. Anti-miR-NC and anti-miR-99a were transfected into chondrocytes, respectively, and treated with a culture solution containing GSTT and IL-1β for 24 h. Inflammatory factor levels and apoptotic rates were detected. After IL-1β treatment, the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α, and IFN-γ were significantly increased (P <0.05), and the apoptosis rat...
Husmaini1*, Riza Andesca Putra1, Indri Juliyarsi1, Tevina Edwin1, Linda Suhartati1, Aditya Alqamal Alianta1, Harmaini2
...dy were fifty-seven farmers who kept the KBC. The method was survey method and purposive sampling to determine the respondents. The observed variables were breeder profile, maintenance management, number of KBC, actual population (Na), effective population (Ne), and inbreeding rate. The total population of KBC in Nagari Batu Bajanjang, Tigo Lurah District is 1960, with an actual population of 610 chickens, an effective population of 600 chickens, and an inbree...
Taiwo Oladoye Akande*, Dayo Johnson Ogunyemi, Priscilla Funmilola Okunlola, Emmanuel Owolabi, Odetayo Olakanmi
...FA) in the diet of broilers. A total of 250 day-old Cobb broiler chicks were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments with five replicates of 10 birds each in a completely randomized design. Five experimental diets at starting and finishing phases were formulated. Diet 1 was the control with no PFA, diets 2, 3, 4, 5 contained PFA (garlic, turmeric, moringa) at 20gkg-1 diet and blend of the three (at 1:1:1) respectively. Feed intake and body weight gained ...
Rana A. Ali1, Abd-Elraheim A. Elshater2, Heba A. Mohammed3*, Mahmoud Elshazly4
...ser, Biochemical parameters, Histopathology. ...
Amira M. Refaie1*, Manal S. Mohamed1, Enayat H. Abo El-Azayem1, Sherein H. Mohamed2
...arted one month before first mating. Does were allowed to the following treatments; a normal control group fed a basal diet without AA (T1), a positive control group fed T1 diet plus 0.1% Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis (T2; Pro.), then the 3rd, 4th and 5th were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.05%, 0.10% and 0.15% AA, respectively and abbreviated as 0.05% AA (T3), 0.10% AA (T4) and 0.15% AA, respectively. The trail was ended after pregnant ...
Seok-Jun Son1,3, Sung-Kyung Lee1, Jung-Woo Oh1, In-Kyu Kim2, Dal-Ho Kim2, Bo-Ra Hyun1 and Jung-Hoon Kang1,*
...ext-align: justify;">Understanding bird migration strategies is crucial for identifying the habitat of birds. Recently, GPS tracking has been utilized to identify bird migration routes. The Chinese egret Egretta eulophotes is a migratory bird distributed in East Asia; most populations breed on uninhabited islands off the west coast of the Korean Peninsula. Location tracking devices were attached to two juvenile Chinese egrets from an uninhabited island in the ...
Tatyana Mamontova1*, Konstantin Katkov1, Natalia Kizilova2 and Ali-Magomet Aybazov1
...ence of seasonal parameters (ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, air humidity, duration and gradient of daylight hours) on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of sperm (volume, motility, concentration, survival) of rams bred in mid-latitude. Sperm samples were collected from 5 Dzhalginsky merino rams once a week for twelve calendar months using an artificial vagina. The lowe...
Tatyana Mamontova1*, Konstantin Katkov1, Natalia Kizilova2 and Ali-Magomet Aybazov1
...ence of seasonal parameters (ambient temperature, atmospheric pressure, air humidity, duration and gradient of daylight hours) on the quantitative and qualitative parameters of sperm (volume, motility, concentration, survival) of rams bred in mid-latitude. Sperm samples were collected from 5 Dzhalginsky merino rams once a week for twelve calendar months using an artificial vagina. The lowe...
Mariam Arain1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1* and Muhammad Javed Arshed2
...flora and immune parameters in goats. Twelve female cross breed goats (BW: 10-12 kg) were equally divided into two groups i.e., Control that offered basal diet and Se supplemented group that offered basal diet + selenium yeast (0.15mg/kg BW). In basal diet concentrate was fed at the rate of 2% body weight while roughage (hay)was given as ad-libitum. The dietary treatments were continued for 2 months. The results showed that microbial count (E. coli and Lactoba...
Jumshaid Iqbal1, Muhammad Sharif1*, Muhammad Nadeem Suleman2, Muhammad Saeed3, Fawwad Ahamd1, Asghar Ali kamboh4, Tugay Ayaşan5 and Muhammad Arslan3
...d to check the feed conversion ratio (FCR) on weekly basis. At the end of trial, two chicks from each replicate were randomly slaughtered to determine carcass traits. Samples of intestine (duodenum, jejunum, ileum) were collected to perform histomorphology. Results indicated that FC, WG and FCR were linearly improved (P<0.05) in B, C and D groups as compared with control (A group). Carcass characteristics and relative organs weight showed non-significant re...
Tiyyabah Khan1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1*, Muhammad Rizwan Khan1, Muhammad Umer1, Adnan Akhter1 and Waseem Akram2
...d tested whether insects’ mortality could control fungal contamination in stored grains or not? Bioassays were performed on wheat grains artificially infested with C. ferrugineus or T. castaneum along with spores of Aspergillus flavus or A. parasiticus. The results revealed that all the tested insecticides proved to be more toxic against C. ferrugineus as compared to T. castaneum. C. ferrugineus showed complete mortality at the highest concentrations of ...
A. Samy1*, H.M.A. Hassan1, Fatma T.F. Abd-El Ghany2, Shama H. Morsy2
...trients were made. The first control diet (without any additives); curcumin (CE) or garlic extract (GE) at concentrations of 200 or 400 ppm were added to the other diets. The results revealed that adding curcumin or garlic extract to growing rabbit diets boosted significantly meat crude protein (P<0.05) while, decreasing moisture and fat levels. Digestibility coefficients of CP, CF, and EE, as well as the nutritive values of TDN, DCP, and DE, were considera...
Honnakerappa S. Ballari1 and Shashikant S. Udikeri2*
Zunaira Noreen* and Khawar Sultan
...exotic trees, and to understand role of mixed tree population in establishing the population of birds. Field data of the forest (N=1533 trees, 15 species) and avifauna (N= 3445 birds, 37 species) were collected in September-October 2019 along the canal bank forest. MINITAB, CLAM software was used to analyze data. The non-native species made 80% of trees and poplar Populus deltoides was present in a ratio of 8%. The Cuculidae was the most dive
Asmaa S. Mohammed*, Ahmed F. Abou-Elnaga, Ahmed I. Ateya, Mohammed M. Fouda, Ragab A. Darwish, Usama A. Abou-Ismail
...B radiation (8 and 12 hours) reduced the level of inactive behaviours and bar chewing, and improved maintenance and exploratory behaviours. Similarly, the exposure to long durations of UVB radiation elevated serum 25-hydroxy vitamin-D to safe levels and decreased mortality rate of kits. Furthermore, the exposure to 8 hours of UVB radiations in particular...
Huapu Chen1, Zhiyuan Li1, Yaorong Wang1, Wei Yang2,*, Hongjuan Shi1, Shuisheng Li1,3, Chunhua Zhu1 and Guangli Li1,*
...ficantly increase farmer’s benefits due to its sexual dimorphism in growth. Herein, the sex ratio and differences in morphometric traits were observed between females and males in a full-sib population of S. argus. Then the correlation between these traits and their effects on body weight (BW) was analyzed. The results showed significant growth differences between males and females. The correlation coefficient between BW and the other 13 traits reached a...
Pan Ziyi1, Ambreen Iqbal1, Gao Zhen1, Liu Juan1, Fang Xibi2, Jiang Ping1* and Zhao Zhihui1*
...e abdominal fat of broilers and it is hypothesized that it can also play a role in the fat metabolism of cattle. A mutation in the 3’ untranslated region of the DHCR24 gene was identified that led to the differential expression of DHCR24 in cattle. In this study, we detected mutation at g.32435 from G > A in 3’UTR of DHCR24 gene in a Chinese Simmental steer population. In mu...
Mohamed Mohamady Ghanem1*, Yassine Mahmoud Abdelraoof1, Abdelghany Hefnawy Abdelghany2, Eman Abdelhamid El-Ebissy3, Ahmed Ragab Askar4,5, Attia Ahmed Eissa6
...enter, aged from 8-10 years old and weighting 350- 400 kg were used. Lactic acidosis was induced with oral sucrose (14 gm/ kg BW) for 24hs after which camels were treated with oral Rumitone daily for a week. Clinical examination revealed significant increase (P < 0.05) in body temperature, respiratory rate, and pulse rate, and significant decrease (P < 0.05) in ruminal movement after lactic acid induction. Hematological examination revealed a significant...
Taghreed Mohamed Nabil1, Randa Mohamed Hassan1, HebatAllah Hamdy Mahmoud2, Mohamed Gomaa Tawfiek2, Usama Kamal Moawad1*
...of the adult turkey hens’ (Meleagris gallopavo) oviduct during the egg production period. For this purpose, twenty four adult turkey hens were used. Gross examination and measurements of the oviduct compartments were obtained, and four specimens for each portion were used for scanning electron microscopic examination. Histologically, pieces of different oviduct portions were subjected to routine histological processing. Macroscopically, the oviduct had f...
Nuraini Nuraini*, Mirzah Mirzah, Yuliaty Shafan Nur, Harnentis Harnentis
...(P>0,05) on feed conversion and abdominal fat percentage. The conclusion of phase 1 was the fermentation of Azolla microphylla with Lentinus edodes, and Pleurotus ostreatus gave the best products. The decision of phase 2, the use of Azolla microphylla fermented with Lentinus edodes, can be used up to 20% in the diet and can maintain the performance of broilers.
Keywords | A. microphylla, Fermentation, Lignocellulo...
Xiaopeng Tang1*, Kangning Xiong1, Peng Peng2 and Dun Deng2*
... (SBM) with corn distillers dried grain with solubles (cDDGS) on growth performance and carcass characteristics of broilers. A total of six hundred and forty-eight 21-day-old Sanhuang Broiler with similar weight (443.89 ± 13.2 g) were divided into 6 treatments: (1) Control group (T0), (2) 20% replacement group (T1), (3) 40% replacement group (T2), (4) 60% replacement group (T3), (5) 80% replacement group (T4), and (6)...
Muhammad Ammar Dilawar1,2, Hong Seok Mun1, Myeong Gil Jeong1, Eun Ju Yang3, Hyeoung Seog Park4 and Chul Ju Yang1,2,*
...characteristics in broilers. A total of 210 broilers were divided into the following treatment groups: (i) control, (ii) T1 (0.05% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.01% LM), (iii) T2 (0.05% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.05% LM), (iv) T3 (0.05% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.1% LM), (v) T4 (0.1% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.01% LM), (vi) T5 (0.1% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.05% LM) and (vii) T6 (0.1% 4 MA: 1 GT + 0.1% LM). Significantly improved weight gain (P<0.05) and FCR was observed in T2 relat...
Hosny Kesba1, Ashraf Suloma2, Samy Sayed3*, Abdullah Abdel-Rahman1 and Shaimaa Diab1
... ITB. The growth parameters of the plants (length and fresh and dry weights) in both soil types also significantly increased when compared with WW. The STB and ITB irrigation sources improved the plant content regarding the total protein, total amino acids, and total carbohydrates in both tested soil types. These results suggest that aquaculture effluents from tilapia production could be utilized to manage M. incognita in different soil types....
Muhammad Tahir Jan1,2, Mushtaq Ahmad Saleem3,*, Muhammad Binyameen1,* and Sarfraz Ali Shad1
...itute, Multan for two years. Long and short duration genotypes were sown during the 3rd week of May to investigate their response to E. vittella. E. vittella infestation (damage in fruits and larval population) was almost similar during both the years of experimentation. However, the fruiting parts were higher during second year as compared to the first year. The response of the genotypes ...
Muhammad Tariq Khan1, Muhammad Ather Rafi2, Riffat Sultana3*, Anjum Munir1 and Sajjad Ahmad4
Majid Hussain1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Razia Iqbal3, M. Mudassar Shahzad4,*, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah3, Afia Muhammad Akram4, Nisar Ahmad5 and Muhammad Zubair ul Hassan Arsalan2
...in hematological parameters compared to control diet. Comparison of treatments showed maximum values of RBCs (2.83×106mm-3), WBCs (7.76×103mm-3), PLT (65.96), Hb (8.47 g/100ml), PCV (24.51 %), and MCV (187.11 fl) in fingerlings fed 3% CA supplemented diet. In conclusion, 3% CA acidified MOSM based diet performed better regarding mineral absorption, carcass composition and hematological indices C. mrigala fingerlings.
...
Mashakgene Isaac Senoamadi, Thobela Louis, Tyasi Teedzai Chitura*
... by the smallholder farmers was gathered through a questionnaire-based survey that was carried out by interviewing forty-seven Small ruminants farmers (both males and females) of mixed ages. The average FAMACHA© score for the goats was three while for sheep the average score was 2.62. Ninety-eight goats (60%) had a FAMACHA© score of three and above while fourteen sheep (52.4%) had a FAMACHA© score of three and...
A.J. Shoyombo1, O.O. Alabi, B.M. Falana1*, R.A. Animashahun1, S.O. Olawoye1, F.A. Okenniyi1, M.A. Popoola2, C.I. Ukim2, A.M. Ake, A.E. Jubril3
...ani at the Landmark University Teaching and Research farm. This condition was obvious due to the inability of the calf to pass out faeces since parturition. The calf was operated on using standard clinical and surgical practices and also putting into consideration the Animal Welfare principles. The result from the surgical procedure showed that there was a massive improvement in defecation and general performance of the calf after the third day. Furthermore, t...
Zhan-Zhong Liu1, Chun-Ying Wang1, Jian-Ye Yang2, Qing-Hua Liu3,4, Xiao Zhang3* and Liang Wang3,4*
...rder to get a better understanding of the transmission routes of the virus. Furthermore, we performed a retrospective, single-centre study of 41 COVID-19 patients at Xuzhou Infectious Diseases Hospital in terms of clinical findings, which provided an insightful understanding of the disease....
Zunping Ke1, Chao Li2, Qiang Liu3, Gang Bai4, Junfeng Wang5, Ming Zhou5 and Xiao Dong5,*
...any symptom in 12 months’ follow up. In this study, we reported a TOF patient with coronary artery to bronchial arterial fistula survived to undertake surgery until in a very old age. Though we could not find out the fistula during surgery, on account of the left-to right shunt caused by the fistula, further occlusion by transcatheter procedure was recommended for this patient....
Uzma Jabeen1, Asmat Salim2*, Irfan Khan2, Nadia Naeem3 and Rubina Mushtaq4
... are significant regulators of transcription factors and gene expression, this study was aimed at analyzing the expression levels of genes that are induced in response to oxidative stress following DOX administration to rats. DOX was administered to rats intraperitoneally at 3 mg/kg at alternate days for two weeks. Kidney tissues were harvested and the mRNA levels of glutathione peroxidase-1(Gpx1), NAD(P)H quinone dehydrogen...
Amira M. Nowier1, Hassan R. Darwish2, Sherif I. Ramadan3, Nadia A. Abo El-Maaty2 and Othman E. Othman2*
... three kids and at the first month of lactation stage. Moreover, the T>C SNP in the Zaraibi α-lactalbumin gene may be a useful marker for assisted selection programs to improve goat milk yield trait....
Hua Liu, Wei Hou, Li Peng, Changjun Peng, Yansen Cai and Jing Li*
...referable molecular markers for genetic population analysis. SNP markers that are suitable for non-invasive samples are important to wild population investigations in endangered species. Based on the whole genome sequences of Macaca thibetana, we successfully developed 26 SNP loci that were sensitive to non-invasive samples, then based on which, genetic diversity and population structure o...
Muhammad Idrees1, Bashir Ahmad2, Muhammad Waqas1, Syed Muhammad Mukarram Shah3 and Saad Ahmad Khan4
..., small molecule inhibitors of the proteins encoded by the drug resistant genes, i.e., katG, gyrA, pncA and rpoB of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis), were identified using computational methods. In the ligand base pharmacophore, an already reported four ligands for the four proteins encoded by the resistant genes of M. tuberculosis were selected for the generation of pharmacophores. The validated pharmacophores model of all the four proteins, gener...
Muhammad Zahid Iqbal1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Jawaria Ali Khan1, Nisar Ahmad2, Muhammad Usman1,*, Abdul Jabbar1, Saba Usman3, Ahsan Anjum3, Muhammad Husnain1, Nadeem Raza1 and Anwar-ul-Haq4
...ion of various risk factors in the occurrence of Coxiella burnetii, determine phylogeny and genetic variability of various isolates identified during the study, and report hematology of the affected bovines. The incidence of coxiellosis was estimated as 32.12% and 12.5% in cows and buffaloes, respectively. The association of selected clinical biomarkers was also ascertained and all of these were found significantly (p<0.0...
Abdul Malik Ahmed, Bhargav Bhushan Nath, Ayub Ali, Jiten Sarma, Bipul Phukan, Imtiaz Ahmed* and Jyotirmoyee Das
...spectively. The ‘b’ value was recorded to be deviating (P<0.01) from the value of ‘3’ indicating a negative allometric growth of the species. The overall sex ratio (M:F) was 1:1.84 (Chi-square 40.38, P <0.01), indicating the predominance of females over males. Monthly analysis data of Gonado Somatic Index (GSI) showed two peaks with one in April and another in August suggesting Gudusia chapra br...
Saeed Akram Khan1, Shahid Sherzada1*, Muhammad Ashraf1, Durr-e-Shehwar1, Sonia Iqbal1, Usman Atique1,3, Farzana Abbas1, Sohail Ahmad2 and Muhammad Sultan Haider4
... naturally breeds in rivers and streams during monsoon season but in ahatchery, it can be induced to spawn by the administration of ovaprim or its analogues. However, the conditions of the induced environment vary from place to place as well as the dose of ovaprim. The present investigation is focused on possible impact of different temperatures on the induced spawning behavior of C. mrigala. The factors investigated i...
Guo-dong Zhao1,2*, He-ying Qian1,2, Yi-ling Zhang1,2, Gang Li1, 2, Jian Tang1, 2 and An-ying Xu1,2*
...cilitate the overall understanding of the mechanism of silkworm’s tolerance to pesticides and provide a new control strategy of Lepidoptera pests....
Roheela Yasmeen1* and Samia Chaudhry2
...reads through infected persons in its prodromal stage which suggest its transmission is not likely through air. COVID-19 can affect people of all age groups and mostly results in the death of people with weak immune systems. Its most common reported symptoms are fever, fatigue, dry cough, lymphopenia, raised levels of lactate de-hydrogenase and, bilateral patchy shadows or ground glass opacity in the lungs (opacities may be mild damage of one lobe or all five ...
Muhammad Altaf1* Arshad Mahmood Abbasi2, Muhammad Shoaib Amjad3, Sadia Naseer1 and Muhammad Umair4
.... Viral protein seroconversion and viral specific nucleotide positive documented in all COVID-19 patients tested provides confirmation of a link between the presence of this virus and the disease....
Laiba Ajmal1, Sidra Ajmal2, Maleeha Ajmal3, Gul Nawaz3, Rabail Hassan Toor4, Hooria Younas1, Tassaduq Hussain Sheikh5 and Raazia Tasadduq1*
...osstalk between the host’s immune system and the fetal allograft would result in rejection of the fetus, subsequently leading to miscarriages. The functioning of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) system at the maternal fetus interface plays a pivotal role in acceptance of the fetus. Alterations in the modulated activity of HLA system influence the fetal tolerance. Therefore, this review will provide an insight on how the working of HLA at the maternal fetal ...
Treatment Approaches of Ovine Fungal Diseases using Antibiotics and Ethnoveterinary Medicinal Plants
Djadouni Fatima* and Meliani Amina
...he most responsible factors of these diseases that cause annually significant livestock losses affecting the economy, animal diversity and ecological balance. These diseases are transmitted among animals in different ways and endemic especially in large and common pastures and among the causes of their spreads are contact, vectors, air, water, feeds, wastes, and pollution. Environmental co...
Fan Xu1,2*, Cheng Wu3 and Su Zeng1
... and the incomplete dispersion of lipid microspheres. As for the two dosage forms of lipo-PGE1 and DN-PGE1, the average particle size and PFAT5 after the preparation of DN-PGE1met the USP standard, and the stability indexes were more advantageous. The clinical treatment of alprostadil targeted injection can be prepared by pharmacy intravenous admixture service. The drug concentration should be more than 0.05 μg/ml, and the drug concentration 0.1 μg/ml is...
Luan Arthur Queiros Lima, Talita Monielly Alves de Oliveira, Thiara Guimarães Maia, Ayko Shimabukuro, Itainara Taili, Raul dos Santos and Cecilia Calabuig*
...This report helps to understand the feeding behavior of the species, being the first to record the predation and activity of the crab-eating-fox over a boa under the daylight....
Haipeng Liu1, Xubin Jiao1, Xiangqing Li1 and Xinru Xu2*
...f bone formation indicators ALP, BALP, UcOC and PINP, increased the levels of bone resorption indicators TRAP5a, TRAP5b and NTX, reduced CTX levels, and increased mRNA expression levels of Bglap and Runx2 in osteoporotic rats. In conclusion, calcitriol may become an effective drug therapy for treating osteoporosis, and its mechanism of action may be related to improving bone metabolism, promoting bone formation, and increasi...
Aqsa Fayyaz1, Muhammad Kashif Zahoor1*, Asma Ashraf2, Muhammad Asif Zahoor3, Azhar Rasul2, Humara Naz Majeed4, Muhammad Zulhussnain1, Kanwal Ranian1, Bushra Riaz1, Nazia Khalil1 and Attaullah1
...e from house flies was first harvested in 11 day old embryonated chicken eggs to propagate the NDV, which was then titrated using haemagglutination inhibition assay for quantification of NDV. Polyclonal antibodies were produced in experimental rabbits followed by titration. These antibodies were then used to detect the presence of NDV. Sixteen samples were found positive (20%), 62 negative (77.5 %) and two unreactive (2.5 %) for NDV. All of the poultry farms a...
Santosh Kumar1*, Riffat Sultana2* and Martin Husemann3
...fy;">Cholistan has a diverse fauna and flora, but until now its orthopteran fauna is relatively unstudied. The survey was conducted during November 2018 to August 2019. We found 25 species of grasshoppers, crickets and tree crickets. Caelifera were more diverse than Ensifera with 16 and 9 species, respectively. This work is provided an extended list of Orthopterans registered from Cholista...
Jun Zhang1*, Xiaocao Xu2 and Min Cao2
... collected from patients’ records, including gender, age, number of blood transfusions per year, HBs-Ag, HCV-Ab and Anti-HBs. The study included 630 thalassemia major patients who received regular blood transfusions at a hospital in Bengbu, China. We found that out of 630 patients of the study, there were three HBs-Ag positive, so the prevalence of HBV in this study is 0.5%. The prevalence of HCV-Ab positive was 7.1 and these individuals had a significan...
Huahua Fang, Daquan Zhou and Xiaoyu Dong*
...ow Sea along coastal waters of Shandong province, China were estimated. Ninety-one samples were collected from March to June 2019 through trawl nets in the Yellow sea area (36°27′02″N 121°08′68″E). The length-weight relationships of Lepidotrigla microptera, Liparis tanakae and Trachidermus fasciatus can be expressed as WL.microptera = 0.0123L2.92, WL. Tanakae = 0.0848L3.46, WT. fasciatus = 0.067L3.06, respectively. The values of...
Jabbar Khan1, Mehwish Jehan1, Zeeshan Mutahir2, Muhammad Rafi1, Muhammad Ismail1, Aamer Abbas1 and Jabbar Tanveer3
...fession of marginal farmers and landless workers in different regions of under-developed countries. The present study was conducted to determine the effect of vitamin E and selenium (Se) on physiological and hormonal status of Damani goat in Dera Ismail Khan, under high ambient temperature. Forty Damani healthy, non-pregnant goats having similar initial body weight were selected. The diets of goats in the treated groups were...
Thobela Louis Tyasi1*, Lebo Trudy Rashijane1, Kwena Mokoena1, Kagisho Madikadike Molabe1, Madumetja Cyril Mathapo1, Victoria Rankotsan Hlokoe1, Lebelo Joyceline Selala1, Masixole Maswana1 and Lubabalo Bila2
... (n = 200) were used. Pearson correlation and analysis of variance (ANOVA) were used for analysis. Correlation results indicated that egg weight had a statistical significant correlation (P < 0.05) with egg quality traits. Egg weight displayed a positive highly significant correlation with EL (0.82), AW (0.67) and SW (0.62), respectively. The findings suggest that EL, AW and SW might be used in selection to improve EW of Potchefstroom Koekoek chicken genoty...
Qi Zhao1, Yuanyuan Hou1, Xiangdong Jin1 and Chen Zhang 2,*
...els of inflammatory factors (IL-6,IL-8,TNF-α) before and after treatment in the two groups, the improvement degree of the experimental group after treatment was significantly better than that of the control group, p<0.05. The overall nursing satisfaction of the research group was 97.50%, which was significantly higher than the 75.00% of the control group, p<0.05. To conclude that combined therapy of mesalazine an...
Abida Shehzadi*, Muhammad Shafique and Ahmad Ali Shahid
...at (Y-STR) haplotype diversity analysis of 143 healthy unrelated male individuals from Jat population of Pakistan. Seventeen Y-STR loci were simultaneously amplified through AmpFISTR®YfilerTM PCR amplification kit. Evaluation of statistical parameters for forensic importance revealed in recognition of 124 unique haplotypes with diversity value of 0.996. Locus DYS385a/b demonstrated hig...
Seroprevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in Camel (Camelus dromedarius) in Punjab, Pakistan
Nadeem Raza1, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1, Ali Ahmed Sheikh2, Muhammad Usman1*, Quratulain Mujahid3, Muhammad Zahid Iqbal1 and Muhammad Rizwan4
...ding potential risk factors like gender, age and tick infestation. Serological examination revealed the positive percentage of B. burgdorferi sensu lato in camels was 2.47% (10/405). Risk factor analysis showed that gender, age and tick infestation are significantly (p < 0.05) associated with occurrence of borreliosis in camels. This study may play an important role in the transmission of borreliosis in understanding of o...
Stephen Chijioke Emencheta1, Anthony Amaechi Attama2, Ezinwanne Nneoma Ezeibe1, Adaora Angela Agubata1 and Ebele Benedette Onuigbo1*
...and residential wastewaters. The isolated Escherichia coli were confirmed through phenotypic and biochemical tests. Antimicrobial susceptibility test to nine antibiotics was determined. Multi-antibiotic resistance index (MARI) was assessed. Spot assay was done to determine lytic action of the bacteriophage on the lawns of the Escherichia coli. The phenotypic and biochemical tests confirmed Escherichia coli isolates. There was metallic green sheen on EMB agar. ...
Aml M. Ragab1*, Maha R. Basyoni1, Enas A.I. Khoris2, Nadia A. Abd Elghany3
...fish) B. cereus on the first day and treated with erythromycin (sensitive antibiotic) on at day 5 (100 mg /kg food) for 10 days. Isolates were (22%) from Tilapia, 16% from Mullet. Gene sequences were determined for the groEL PCR products generated from 28 references B. cereus group strains and our isolates. Comparison of sequences showed that our strain groups were identical to others in nucleotide sequence similarity, rangi...
Azra*, Muhammad Awais, Alam Khan and Muhammad Shoaib
...und to be the major factors affecting investment in Pakistan. Among all, the savings coefficient is positive and insignificant because of savings in Pakistan had no healthy pattern. Exchange rate has adversely affected the investment because of unidirectional causality. Specification and analytical tests supported reliability of the investment does not affect investment model from key econometric issues. The stability test s...
Nabila Khan1, Imran Ahmad2 and Muhammad Bilal Sadiq1*
...ndent extraction parameters; sample to solvent ratio (1:20-1:40 w/v), solvent concentrations (20-80%, v/v) and time (10-30 min), whereas, TPC and DPPH were used as response variables. At optimized extraction conditions (40 ml/g, 22.5 min and 80% of ethanol), the experimental values for TPC and DPPH inhibition were 110.17 ± 3.44 mg of GAE/g of extract and 87.45 ± 1.28%, respectively. For DPPH inhibition assay, IC50 value of almond hull extract was...
Sajad Ali1*, Naeem Ur Rehman Khatak1, Shahab E. Saqib2 and Saleem ur Rehman1
...luate the impact of farmers’ tenancy status on wheat productivity in selected districts of Central Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa. In this context, 350 wheat growers were purposively selected with 150 landowners and 200 tenants in the study area. A multi-stage sampling technique was employed. Furthermore, to estimate wheat productivity, differences in wheat pr...
Thobela Louis Tyasi1*, Lubabalo Bila2, Nkgaugelo Kgasago3, Siza Mthi4
...ions and carcass parameters in farm animals at lesser costs with a high relative accuracy and consistency. This research was performed at the University of Limpopo experimental farm (Syferkuil) to examine the effect of sex on the interrelationship between body weight and linear body measurements in South African non-descript goat kids. A total of 46 new-born South African non-descript goat kids (30 females and 16 males) were...
Albina Gabdrakhimovna Darmenova1, Samat Ravkhatovich Yusupov2, Abzal Kenesovich Kereyev1*, Mirzabek Gashimovich Zukhrabov2, Yerbol Maratovich Sengaliyev1, Dosmukan Ermuhkanovich Gabdullin1, Berik Garipullievich Satybaev1
...partum period. For the first time, a new device for determining uterine contractions has been used to study the strength, duration, and frequency of uterine contractions to diagnose early signs of postpartum disease in the uterus. The experimental part of the work was carried out based on the farms of agrofirm “Kolos”, LLC in the Tetyush district of the Republic of Tatarstan and MBS “Zhaiyk” in the Ak...
Alaa Jaheen*, Noha Salem, Mohamed El-sherif
...p>Equine eczema is a hypersensitive, allergic skin condition that recurrently manifests in horses, especially in the summer season due to insect bites. This study aims to evaluate the hematological alterations, oxidant/antioxidant changes, and protein and lipid profiles in horses suffering from equine eczema. Thirty (30) horses were included in this stud...
Ibrahim Samir Abd El-Hamid1*, Wafaa Adel Abd Fouda1, Hesham Attia Shedeed1, Safaa Ali Mostafa1, Ahmed Mohamed Elbaz2, Salah Abo Bakr2, Baliegh Hamdy Mosa1, Ali Saber Morsy1, Amal Mohamed Hasan1, Khamis Refaay Emam3
...ency index and feed conversion of does significantly improved in treated rabbits as compared to control group. Litter weight at birth and weaning were higher (P<0.05) in rabbits treated with microalgae N. oculata compared to control. In conclusion, supplementation of microalgae N. oculata to rabbit diets has a positive effect on blood constituents and enhance reproductive, productive performance and oxidative status of Hi- Plus doe rabbits.
Keywords...
Mona M. Osman1, Kamelia M. Osman2, Manal Abu Elmakarem Mohamed1, Mahmoud E. Hashad2, Jeeser Alves Almeida3, Alaa Saad4, Octavio Luiz Franco5,6, Heba N. Deif 2*
...deavor to extend the understanding of factors implicated in the pathogenicity of Mycoplasma arginini (M. arginini) and Mycoplasma ovipneumoniae (M. ovipneumoniae). It shed light on the current knowledge gap in the role of two potential virulence determinants viz H2S production and catalase activity, for their possible roles in biofilm formation, antibiotic resistance and hemolytic activity of M. ovipneumoniae. The recovered ...
Mubashar Ahmad, Roheela Yasmeen*, Aisha Waheed Qurashi, Muhammad Hassan Ali Shah
... formation of Zoos is years old practice. The animals are placed in captivity for recreation, education and economic benefits. The physical needs of animals are even met in captivity however the conditions of confinement and exposure to humans can result in physiological stress. The stress response consists of the suite of hormonal and physiological reactions which are helpful in an animal’s survival. Cortisol levels a...
Tehseen Ali Jilani1*, Muhammad Saleem Jilani2, Javeria Sherani3, Kashif Waseem2, Muhammad Sohail Khan2, Hasnain Saleem3, Abdul Manan2, Rashid Jawad2 and Sami Ullah4
...ssess the phenotypic diversity in diverse pea genotypes for yield determining traits under the growing condition of D. I. Khan, KPK. Experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) replicated thrice during two normal growing seasons (2013-14 and 2014-15). At physiological maturity, data were collected for yield contributory traits. In Season 1, the genotype Minarellet proved to be early maturing by taking ...
Waqar Khan1, Muhammad Atif Khan1, Waseem Abbas1, Muhammad Shakeel1, Hammad Uddin2 and Bismillah Shah1*
... of Entomology, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar, KP, Pakistan....
Masudul Haq Wani and Arshad Bhat*
...udy is to encourage farmers to adopt the new production system module developed by Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmir for getting doubly benefited though production gains and employment avenues. Keeping in view the benefits and economic value of this legendary crop, the present study is undertaken in the state of Jammu and Kashmir, which enjoys virtual monopoly in the cultivation of ...
Ibrarul-Haq* and Malik Muhammad Shafi
... to examine how the NTFP’s collection affects the rural households’ income in district Swat, Pakistan. In addition, the factors of household’s participation in the study area were also identified. The relationship among the household’s income from of the NTFP&rs
Asim Faraz1*, Bernard Faye2, Cem Tirink3, Ayman Balla Mustafa4, Amal AlKharusi5, Morteza Bitaraf Sani6, Nasir Ali Tauqir7, Muhammad Arslan Akbar8, Muhammad Usman Saleem9, Rana Muhammad Bilal7, Abdul Waheed1, Muhammad Shahid Nabeel10
...regions where the disasters of environmental changes hit severely. The future hope for food security is a camel particularly for drought-stricken areas of the country, such as Cholistan, Thal, in Punjab, and Thar Deserts in Sindh. Camels have the ability to adapt to the harshest climatic conditions when kept for milk, meat, wool, and hides production. Camel production can be enhanced by reducing the age at puberty and calvin...
Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1, Kamran Ashraf2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali3, Kumayl Hassan Akhtar4 and Nazia Rubab5
...tank milk and (v) gawala’s (milk man) milk in Lahore. Kit detection and HPLC methods were used to identify ABs residues. The samples were collected from Lahore. Raw milk of buffalo and cow collected from the open market have shown 23.5% as the highest positive and UHT milk as the lowest positive 8.5%. Thus, it is an indispensable question to be further explored prospectively.
Novelty State...
Saima Naz1*, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha2, Sajjad Ali2 and Muhammad Irfan Ullah3
...-align: justify;">Insect’s diversity plays an important role in ecosystem. Different types of environmental pollutants like heavy metals, pesticides and antibiotics cause changes in insect diversity and continuously have become threat to health of living organisms. Additionally, pollutants coming from traffic smoke also affect the interaction of insects with other insects and plants....
Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1, Kamran Ashraf2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali3, Kumayl Hassan Akhtar4 and Nazia Rubab5
...ion of all the stakeholders i.e. legislative, administration, policymaker, corporate sector, professionals for animal welfare and human health, and environmental safety. A survey was conducted through questionnaire distribution among 1000 literate persons who could easily read English i.e. physicians, veterinarians, lawyers, livestock farmers, manage
El-Kholy KH1*, Tag El-Din H1, Seham NE Seleem1, Eman Hussein2 AM El-Shhat2
... solution to Sudani duck’s eggs with different concentrations on body weight at hatch, hemato-biochemical changes and subsequent performance of newly-hatched ducklings. A total of 1560 fertile eggs used in the current experiment were obtained from Sudani ducks flocks of 33 weeks of age. The eggs were randomly distributed into of five different SV solution concentrates; the first (1st) group without any treatment and se...
Uzochukwu Ephraim Emeto, Chukwuemeka Calistus Okolo* and Nwakaego Ernestina Nweze
... welfare challenges on horses. In countries such as Nigeria, where control of these endoparasites relies on periodic use of anthelminthics, epidemiological evaluations are necessary for deploying meaningful intervention strategies. Such investigations are lacking in the region; hence, the occurrence, risk-factors and nature of cestodiasis and nematodiasis of horses at Obollo-Afor southeast...
Basanta Kumar Adhikari1*, Deepak Subedi1*, Sumit Jyoti1, Krishna Kaphle2, Chet Narayan Kharel3, Doj Raj Khanal4
...prevalence and risk factors of Contagious Caprine Pleuropneumonia (CCPP) in the Rupandehi and Palpa districts of Nepal. A total of 89 goat serum samples were tested by using a competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (c-ELISA) for the presence of antibodies against Mycoplasma capricolum capripneumoniae. Out of the total serum sample tested, 3 were seropositive for CCPP giving an overall apparent seroprevalence of 3.37% and true seroprevalence of 3.4%. Sig...
Ouedraogo Oumar1,2, Tianhoun Denté Fidèle2,4*, Séré Modou3, Kaboré Adama2, Tamboura H. Hamidou2 and Belem Adrien Marie Gaston4
...erinary inspection officers. At post-mortem inspection, 30 cattle were found to have tuberculosis, giving an overall prevalence of 1.75%. This prevalence showed no significant difference (P˃0.05) between breeds, sex, age and body score of the animals while it was significantly influenced (P= 0.0283) by the breeding origins of the inspected cattle. The seizures made were mainly partial seizures of lung organs (70.28%) followed by liver (17.57%), kidneys (8.10%...
Bridget Adah1*, Clara Kwanashie2, Haruna Kazeem2 and Samuel Mailafia1
...pationally predisposed personnel should be of great importance especially pig farmers and veterinarians. The findings of this study indicates the need for further research to illuminate predisposing factors, patterns of distribution and clinical manifestation of leptospirosis in porcine inhabitants in different regions in Nigeria....
Manish Gautam1*, Pravakar Kattel2 and Krishna Kaphle3
... high fever. Since the first report of this disease from the Morang district of Nepal in 2020, the disease has been spreading in various parts of the country. Cattle are comparatively more affected in Nepal than buffalo. Though this disease has less mortality rate it causes great economic losses by decreasing milk production, abortion, infertility, and other complication. The disease is comparatively new to Nepal but has already covered a wide geographical ran...
Rasha Ali Taha Hamza1, Atef Saad Osheba1, Hassan Mohamed Sobhy2, Sahar Hussein Abdalla Hekal2*
...were manufactured, the first was prepared from Brazilian meat while the other one from Sudanese meat. Six burger treatments were prepared from each type of meat. The results of inhibitory effect against the selected organisms indicated that; 90% ethanolic extract of sumac and galangal was found to be effective against all Gram negative bacteria, Gram positive bacteria, yeast and molds, with note that the gram positive bacteria were more sensitive than gram neg...
Assessment on Coffee Cherry Flour of Mengani Arabica Coffee, Bali, Indonesia as Iron Non-Heme Source
Roy Hendroko Setyobudi1, Erkata Yandri2, Yogo Adi Nugroho3, Mardiana Sri Susanti4,
Satriyo Krido Wahono5, Wahyu Widodo1, Lili Zalizar1, Elfi Anis Saati1, Maftuchah Maftuchah1,
Manar Fayiz Mousa Atoum6, Muhannad Illayan Massadeh6, Dwi Yono3, Rangga Kala Mahaswa7,
Herry Susanto2, Damat Damat1*, Dyah Roeswitawati1, Praptiningsih Gamawati Adinurani8 and
Susi Mindarti1
...der. Analyses on Mengani’s CCF and La Boite’s comprised Fe content (Inductively Coupled Plasma Optical Emission Spectrometer) as well as five enhancer agents – vitamin C (Iodimetric titration), beta carotene (UV-Vis spectrophotometer), amino acid (amino acid analyzer), and reducing sugars (colorimetric method). Utilizing descriptive statistics, the research is presented i...
Muhammad Asif1*, Ahmad Ali Shahid1,2 and Nasir Ahmad3
...ts morphological characters were studied. All the characters used for identification of pathogen confirmed the culture as Alterneria solani. Ganoderma lucidum was collected from University of the Punjab, Lahore associated with dead oaks of Dalbergia sisso. Macro and microscopic identification was performed to confirm the characteristics of G. lucidum. Interaction of G. lucidum with A. sola...
Muhammad Tahir Latif1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Ayesha Latif2, Majid Hamid Bajwa1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Ali Zohaib1, Naeem Faisal1 and Muhammad Hamza3
... Among targeted MTR growers 72% had 6-row riding type mechanical transplanters (MT), 18% had 4-row walk after type MT and 10% had 8-row riding type MT. Super Basmati and PK 386 were found more adopted varieties with 47% and 38% share of rice area. An 11-13% improved yield and 16-20% more net returns estimated with MTR by acquiring required plant population in the field despite of paying 6.17% more operational cost for sowing...
Arshad Farooq1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Abdul Hassan1, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan3 and Asif Nawaz3*
...gned a memorandum of understanding (MoU) with Telenor-Pakistan (mobile operator company) to provide agricultural advisory services to the farming community in district Mardan. This study was conducted with the objective to find out the impact of mobile phones on knowledge level of farmers about improved agricultural management techniques. Out of 203 subscribers (beneficiary farme
Didiek Hadjar Goenadi1,2*, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi3,4, Erkata Yandri3,4, Kiman Siregar5,6, Aris Winaya7, Damat Damat7, Wahyu Widodo7, Ahmad Wahyudi7, Praptiningsih Gamawati Adinurani4,8,
Maizirwan Mel9, Ivar Zekker10, Muhammad Zul Mazwan7, Devi Dwi Siskawardani7,
Endang Dwi Purbajanti11 and Ida Ekawati12
...ial community. Indonesia’s National Team for the Acceleration of Poverty Reduction indicates that oil palm in Indonesia has significantly contributed to at least six out of the 17 sustainable development goals (SDGs). This review addresses 56 references from Google Scholar for the issues on understanding the sustainability from land management’s pers
Yunilas Yunilas1*, Nurzainah Ginting1, Tri Hesti Wahyuni1, Muhammad Zahoor2, Nelzi Fati3 and
Ahmad Wahyudi4
.../i> < 0.01) on silage’s texture, color, and odor. In addition, the MOL dose and fermentation time have a considerable impact (P < 0.05) on the silage taste. There is an interaction between MOL dose and fermentation time on silage odor.
...
Bambang Yudi Ariadi1*, Rahayu Relawati1, Barbara Szymoniuk2 and Waris Ali Khan3
...out psychography, consumers’ concern regarding the environment is more critical than health motivation, primarily in influencing the purchase of organic vegetables. The essential indicators of demography are education and income. Meanwhile, the purchase does not affect the WTP. This research contributes to marketing theory in determining the price of organic products. The practical c...
Syarif Husen1*, Devi Dwi Siskawardani2, Setiawan Deny Rexmardi1, Erny Ishartati1, Muhidin Muhidin1, Jumpen Onthong3 and Ivar Zekker4
...esia,essentialforfooddiversification.However,potato productivityin Indonesiaisconsideredlow (15tha–1)comparedto high-qualitypotatoseedsplantedby thefarmers.Inincreasingpotatoproductivity,innovativetechnologyinpotatoseed productionintubersorseedscuttingisrequisite.Thisresearchinvestigatesth...
Md. Taimur Islam1*, Mirza Mienur Meher2, Anas Bin Harun3 and Md. Golam Haider1
...d every year since its first report in 2007 in Bangladesh. This virus has mutated several times and thereby changed its genetic clades. The prevalence of ND is highest in October and in 0-3 months aged chickens. AMPV generally infects the upper respiratory tract of poultry, which has been isolated for the first time in Bangladesh in 2016. Alternatively, adult chickens are more susceptible to IB and ILT. The prevalence of myc...
Judith Kiptoo1*, Daniel Mutisya2, Paul Ndegwa1, Ruth Amata3, Lucy Irungu4 and Rotich Godfrey5
...ce, distribution and diversity of plant parasitic nematodes from different soil rhizosphere. Nematode population in 200cc of soil and 5g of roots were collected for PPNs extraction by using modified Baermann’s technique and identification by morphological features. The findings indicated that four major genera were abundant in different citrus growing ecological zones in Kenya. The identified species were Meloidogyne i...
Weidong Huang1,2,3, Xinyue Liang1,2,3, Xiufeng Xie4, Xingmin Wang2, 3 and Xiaosheng Chen1,2,3*
...ionships and genetic diversity of discrete color patterns in coccinellids is still poorly known. Here, we present a comprehensive genetic diversity analyses and phylogenetic relationships within seventeen different phenotypes of elytral color patterns in Menochilus sexmaculatus based on two mitochondrial genes, cytochrome oxidase subunit I (COI) and II (COII), and two nuclear genes, carbamoyl phosphate synthetase (CAD) and h...
Jiang Wu*
...n Staph. aureus isolates’ seb, hlg and icaA virulence genes, Salmonella isolates’ mogA, ssel, mgtC, siiE and sopB virulence genes, E. coli isolates’ astA, estlb, pic, escV and aggR virulence genes and L. monocytogenes isolates’ LLO, plcA, plcB, actA and inlA virulence genes (P<0.05). The growth rate of E. coli and Staph. aureus...
Maria Qibtia1, Sehrish Faryal1, Muhammad Wasim1, Farzana Chowdhary1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Ahmed Mansovuri2, Zeeshan Ahmed2, Muhammad Hamid3 and Ali Raza Awan1,*
...ign: justify;">Lactose persistence (LP) is a genetically determined phenotypic trait, generally related to pastoralism and milk consumption. However, Lactose non-persistence (LNP) results from the progressive decline of Lactase-phlorizin hydrolase (LPH) activity in enterocytes. The Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNPs) associated with occurrence of LP/LNP are different for European, Asian, African-American, Northern African ...
Dali Wang1,2, Yujing Zhu1,2, Wancai Xia1,2, Mei Zhao1,2,3, Chan Yang1,2 and Dayong Li1,2*
...ike other natural disasters, landslide and debris flows cause a shift in local ecological conditions, which can have profound impacts on the habitat of non-human primates. This study investigated the characteristics of surface vegetation found within the debris field of a landslide and debris flow that occurred in 2008 at Gehuaqing in Baimaxueshan Nature Reserve ten years later. We calculated the surface area of the debris f...
Saied Belal1, Ashraf Albrakati1*, Khalaf Alsharif2, Saad Al-Shehri2, Mohamed Alblihed3, Malik Almuqati4, Anfal Alsharif5, Alaa Albarakati6 and Anas Al-sharif7
...">Anthropometric parameters at birth, particularly, the birth weight are widely used indicators of newborn health and neonatal mortality. This study aims to evaluate the effect of residence at high lands on the anthropometric measurements of newborns in Taif province, Saudi Arabia (high altitude area) to provide guidelines for neonatal assessment in high lands. A cross-sectional study included 1534 newborns in Taif city (200...
Noora Hassan Hezam Al-Aqmer1*, Zain Aamir2, Muhammad Farooq Hanif3, Soumble Zulfiqar4, Sibgha Zulfiqar1, Mateen Izhar5 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4*
...A, Aa, and aa in responders and 22 (33.3%), 26 (39.4%), and 18 (27.3%) in non-responders. The allelic distribution was 83 (62.9%) and 49 (37.1%) for the “A” and “a” alleles in responders and 70 (53%) and 62 (47%) in non-responders. ApaI genotype ‘’aa&rs
Mubasshir Sohail*, Qadeer Ahmed Soomro, Raza Muhammad, Muhammad Usman Asif and Imran Rauf
...tions. Effect of inhibitors (β-mercaptoethanol, EDTA) and various plant extracts on the enzyme activity were also tested. Cellulase was further purified and characterized through chromatographic techniques and electrophoresis. Gel filtration chromatography showed the presence of multiple forms of enzyme activities with different molecular weights. SDS-PAGE showed the presence of endoglucanase activities with molecular weight of 57 kDa....
Man-Seok Shin1, Hyun-Ju Cho2 and Eun-Jae Lee3*
... variables within 4 factors (topography, natural environment, distance and climate). Twelve variables were significantly different between the breeding and randomly selected points. The final 10 variables were selected through Pearson’s correlation analysis. Using MaxEnt, breeding area was estimated using the 10 selected variables in Daejeon. The area under the receiver operating cha...
Aiman Al Mufarji, Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed*
...blood and plasma parameters of ewes in subtropics. Twenty seven Naimi ewes, 51.3 ± 2.70 kg body weight and aged 2.5 - 3.0 years, were randomly allocated to three equal groups (nine/group) as control and M. oleifera groups (25 & 50.0 g daily). Blood samples were collected and were subjected to analysis through hematology and plasma biochemistry analyzers. The hematological parame...
Anis Suraya Mohamad Abir1, Sakinah Yusof1, Abd Rahaman Yasmin1,2, Abdul Rahman Omar1,3, Kok Lian Ho4, Wen Siang Tan1,5, Abdul Razak Mariatulqabtiah1,6*
...vels of the surface markers CD86 and MHC class II double-positive chBM-DCs 12 and 24 h post-infection. In conclusion, chBM-DCs were susceptible to WT FWPV and rFWPV-H5 infections, where the recombinant virus induced phenotypic maturation of the cells better than the WT virus. This study supports further understanding of the innate immune response after FWPV infection in chickens.
Keywords | Fowlpox, Avian influenza v...
Suhu Duan, Zaiqiang Li, Zhenzhen Fan, Mengran Qin, Xiaoxue Yu* and Liuan Li*
...kens that were fed outdoors in an activity area of 63 m2 with free food and portable water. The CK was fed basic diet, and the experimental group added 1%, 3% and 5% linseed oil to the basic diet (TP1, TP2, TP3), respectively. On the 10th, 25th and 40th day of the formal trial, 36 eggs were randomly selected from each group, of which 12 were used to detect egg quality and 24 to detect monounsaturated fatty acids in eggs. The results showed that a certain propo...
De Hu, Jia Wang, Huan Wang, Xiang-Yang Leng, Tian-Yi Zhao* and Shu-Min Wang*
...was induced by water-immersion and restraint stress (WIRS) after 10 days of drug administration. To observe the histopathological changes of gastric mucosa. the activities of pepsin, superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), nitric oxide (NO) in gastric tissue and the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF–α) and interleukin (IL-6) in serum were measured through ELISA, a...
Muhammad Anwar Ul Haq1*, Tariq Mukhtar1, Muhammad Inam-ul-Haq1 and Azeem Khalid2
...tions, reproductive factors and eggmass/gall and eggmass/female ratios. Minimum galls, eggmasses, and females were observed on resistant and moderately resistant genotypes. On the other hand, maximum values in these parameters were recorded on susceptible and highly susceptible genotypes/lines. Similarly, minimum number of juveniles were recovered from roots and soils of resistant genotype (Janak) followed by moderately resi...
M.A. Salam1,*, Sarada Kanta Bhagabati1, Rajdeep Datta1, H. Ramananda Singh2 and Gunajit Oinam2
...-align: justify;">Biodiversity has been defined as the variability among living organism from all sources including, terrestrial, marine and other aquatic ecosystems and the ecological complexes of which they are part; this includes diversity within species, between species, and of ecosystems. The fish diversity of lake Kharungpat comprised of 29 species under 20 genera, 11 families and 6 ...
Qiong Xiang1, Jing-Jing Li1, Qian Zhang1,3, Rong-Bo Tian1 and Xian-Hui Li1,2*
...anical hyperalgesia in dorsal root ganglion neurons (DRGs) based on Pinch-nerve injury painful model. However, more details on the role of SSTR2 involved should have been clearly elucidated. Here in this study, we focused on the early phase of painful process; detected the painful hyperalgesia and allodynia induced by Pinch-nerve injury firstly; and then we analysed the expression of SSTR2 protein in DRGs after injecting Car...
Zaniar A. Abas1, Mohammed Omer Baba Sheikh2,5*, Hardi N. Aziz3, Omed I. Abid4
Serdar Bektas* and Ozer Ayik
...he hematological parameters and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity, blood samples were taken 1,3,7,14 and 21 days after the infection. Total red blood cell values, were significantly decreased in 7 and 21th day, a significant decrease in hemoglobin concentration noted only in the 21th day, significantly lower values in hematocrit, were observed at 7, 14 and 21th days, total leucocyte and thrombocyte counts, found significantly higher only in the 3th da...
Haroon1, Chen-Xu Ye1, Yu-Xin Li1, Hong-Xin Zhang1, Qing Liu1, Xiao-Hong Su1,2,3 and Lian-Xi Xing1,2,3,*
...ocial insects have a diverse mechanism of reproduction to know the termite genealogy, and we examined the Reticulitermes aculabialis breeding mechanism. This well-known species was reared in an artificial environment under darkness at Northwest University, Xian, China, from May 2018 to June 2019. After the inaugural colonies foundation, imagoes started egg-laying during 30-40 days. The hatching ratio increased gradually duri...
Wei Cui1, Yanwei Du1, Lijuan Jiang1, Yan Wei1, Yuguo Li1, Wenfeng Zhang1* and Ling Zhang2*
...mal, while BHD group reversed the above changes. Most nerve cells in BHD group had relatively intact structure and less morphological changes. Immunohistochemistry showed that compared with the model group, the expression of Bcl-2 (B-cell lymphoma 2) in BHD group increased, while the expression of Bax (BCL2-associated X) and caspase-3 decreased. The expression of p-PI3K (phosphorylated phosphatidyl inositol 3- kinase), p-AKT (phosphorylated protein kinase B) a...
Luke Chukwudi Ali*, Nnanna Ephraim Ikeh, Bright Chigozie Amaefule, Amarachi Linda Obinna, Ndubuisi Samuel Machebe
...en traits, Sperm characters, Testicular morphometry, Histomorphology, Discarded cocoa seed meal ...
Yuechen Li1, Yumo Li1, Xuefeng Zhuang1, Guangfu Lv2, Xiaowei Huang1, Zhe Lin1, Yuchen Wang1* and He Lin1*
...proved behavioral disorders and brain damage in the aging mice, suggesting that OR has the potential to be a new anti-aging drug candidate....
Nkiru E. Ekechukwu, Felicia N. Ekeh, Chinenye M. Ohanu, Hope C. Ezinwa and Ifeanyi Oscar N. Aguzie*
...s and manure, and abattoirs are one of the important sources for such contacts and disease dissemination. We assumed that understanding the diversity of insect fauna might help to shade light on vector insect-borne diseases, prevalence and transmission rates in abattoir communities. Here we randomly selected three (Orba, Ikpa, and Obollo-afor) abattoirs ...
Momotaz Khanom*, Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman, Muhammad Yousuf Ali, Md. Shahin Parvez, Al-Hasan Antu, Md. Nazmul Ahsan
...). Water quality parameters remained optimum throughout the experimental period. The feeds used in treatments did not show any deleterious effect on survival. Physiologically, FF led to significantly higher amylase activity in comparison to other feeds, while protease activity was comparable among the feeds except for DT. The results suggest that formulated feed can be used as a potential substitute for live Tubifex for the early stage of larvae of stinging ca...
Seun Eui Kim1,2*, Myoung-Hoon Lee1, Hye Myoung Jang2, Garam Park2, Wan-Taek Im3, Gwang Joo Jeon2,4*
...e in cases of other cancers. Although the anticancer activity of a rare ginsenoside compound K (CK) against various cancers has been reported, there are few studies on neuroblastoma. In this study, cell viability and cell migration assay were tested and the expression of 17 genes in related signaling pathways was analyzed to determine the potential of CK as an anticancer agent for neuroblastoma. For the study of human neurob...
Wafaa M.A. Ghoneem*, Muhammad M. Shaklouf, Ali M. Ali and Mohammed H. Bakr
...ge body weight, in the first to the fifth seasons of lactation, 127±4 Days in milking and average of 12.32±1.13 kg daily milk yield) were divided into three similar groups to evaluate the effect Lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation product (LAFP) commercially named (Culbac®) on nutrients digestibility, milk yield and composition, blood biochemistry and immune system response of the animals. Culbac® was added at 0, 10 and 20g/h/d in G1 (...
Tabassum Ara Khanum, Nasir Mehmood* and Shahina Fayyaz
...flat distal end eight pairs of bursal papillae were present. Tail (46-68) µm long conical with fine tip, leptoderan bursa. Female 1223-1742 µm long, anterior to middle vulva 48.7 (37-55) % tail filiform 156-206 µm long, 7-18.7 times as anal body width long. Detailed taxonomical studies of new species are given with measurements, descriptions, illustrations and photo...
Amreen Zahra1, Mushtaq A. Saleem1*, Hasnain Javed2 and Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan3
... the Intravenous Drug Users (IDUs) aggravates the spread of Hepatitis C and AIDS. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), causative of AIDS, mainly leads to reduced immunity provoking increased vulnerability to opportunistic infections such as Hepatitis C virus (HCV). Here, we present co-occurrence of HCV and HIV in male IDUs from four major cities of Central Punjab, Pakistan. Initial screening for HIV and HCV was performed using ELISA and real-time PCR. A high HC...
Jawad Abdullah Butt1*, Yasmin Nergis1, Ahmad Hussain2 and Mughal Sharif1
...e characteristic parameters of Thar local coal samples from Block-II and adjacent Block-VI for toxicity consideration and to estimate the potential of Thar coal assets for environment-friendly consumption in power production. In the current study, forty Thar coal samples from each Block II and adjacent Block VI were analyzed for their physicochemical and pyrolysis properties with the chemical configuration of coal ashes. The mean moisture content found in both...
Hafiz Liaqat Ali1, Muhammad Tahir Hassan1*, Muftooh Ur Rehman Siddiqi2, Mehwish Arshad1 and Muhammad Mudassar Sharif3
...main performance parameters included heat release, mass fraction burned (MFB), power (frictional, effective, indicated), efficiency (mechanical, indicated, brake thermal), and coefficient of variation for indicated mean effective pressure (COVIMEP). Hydrogen blending in NG extends the lean ignition limit, accelerates combustion, and enhances the efficiency of combustion. Hydrogen has an extensive flammability range and very low ignition energy. A bl...
Ateeq-Ur-Rauf1*,Wisal Khan1, Muhammad Salman Rafi2 and Nauman Khan3
... important climatic factors. Both these climatic parameters seriously affect the water demand and strategies to assure its availability. Pakistan is an agricultural country and its economy, food security and prosperity lies in the best water management of water resources. These facts prompt us to study the changing temperature and precipitation relationship in Upper Indus Basin, UIB (hub of Pakistan water supply). Five subst...
Nour H. Abdel-Hamid1*, Walid Elmonir2, Eman I. M. Beleta1, Rania I. Ismail1, Momtaz Shahein1, Mahmoud E. R. Hamdy1
.... The ERIC and RAPD primers (ERIC2 and Operon 18/ RAPD4) used in this study created polymorphic band patterns in all Brucella isolates and the reference strains. ERIC-PCR and RAPD-PCR Dendrograms clustered the B. melitensis isolates into two clusters and three clusters composed of 16 and 13 genotypes with genetic similarity percentages of 62% and 54% with a divers<...
Hamidur Rahman1*, Asghar Ali Kamboh1, Nazar Ali Korejo2, Atta Muhammad Memon3, Rashid Ali Korejo3, Manzoor Ahmed Chandio1
...ively. Camels under 9 years of age, showed relatively higher (p < 0.05) prevalence (15.3% and 20%), as compared to camels above 9 years of age (8.5% and 11.4%) through RBPT and cELISA respectively. Breed-wise analysis exhibited that 8% and 16% in Lassi breed, 23%, 30% in Kachhai, 10%, 5% in Kharani and 8%, 8% in Brahvi were found positive through RBPT and cELISA respectively. Likewise, area-wise investigation showed that ...
Muhammad Shaheen1* and Abdullah2
...tly be affected by outliers. Outliers are not dealt in the K Means algorithm. This paper proposes a change in the K Means algorithm to accommodate the method for outlier detection on the basis of the threshold value. The threshold value of the outlier named as clus_span is computed by taking distance of each point from each other point and dividing it by the total number of points. All the points of a dataset that do not qua...
Lopamudra Samantaray*, Yashaswi Nayak
...Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGPs), stimulated consumer demand for antibiotic-free animal yield. We investigated the applicability of the phytobiotic Essential Oils (EOs) and their influence on the overall performance, appetite, and food digestion. We aimed to assess the effects of dietary phytobiotic supplements containing black pepper, fennel, and turmeric EOs on the performance of Broiler chickens. The study used 280; 70-day-old chicks. The birds were divid...
Abdul Majeed1, Zhenlin Liang2, Lixin Zhu2, Chunli Liu2, Muhsan Ali Kalhoro1,* and Faisal Saeed1
...tify;">Alepes djedaba (Forssakal, 1775), is commonly known as yellowtail fish/shrimp scad, belonging to Carangidae family widely spread in tropical waters. A. djedaba is commercially important fish species from northern Arabian Sea, Pakistani waters. Present study was conducted on stock status of shrimp scad A. djedaba fishery from Balochistan coast, Pakistan. The data was collected from M...
Jae-Kang Lee, Hyun-Su Hwang, Tae-Kyung Eom, Dong-Ho Lee and Shin-Jae Rhim*
...peninsulae preferred understory vegetation. Ground vegetation was reduced as slope gradient increased, but understory vegetation was not affected by slope gradient. The results highlight that the A. agrarius population was influenced indirectly by the negative effect of slope gradient on ground vegetation because ground vegetation serves as food and shelter for A. agrarius. Thus, slope gradient had a negative effect on A. ag...
Zilu Zhang1, Ning Wang2, Ce Hou1, Laiba Shafique1, Saif ur Rehman1, Zhuyue Wu2, Zhiqiang Wang1, Mingsong Wei3* and Kuiqing Cui1*
...reported goat Polled Intersex Syndrome(PIS) a 11.7-kb deletion triggers intersexuality and polledness in goats. To determine the effect of PIS region on horned phenotype of Guanzhong dairy goats, four specific primers (PIS1-1, PIS1-2, PIS2 and PIS3) covering PIS fragment were designed, and four DNA fragment were amplifed and sequenced. A 12.814kb sequenc...
Mujahid Tanvir1, Muhammad Asam Riaz1*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Mazhar Iqbal Zafar2, Muhammad Tariq3 and Muhammad Bilal Tayyab1
...important arthropod vectors of diseases such as malaria, dengue, filariasis and systemic allergic reactions in humans. Southern house mosquito Culex quinquefasciatus Say is found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world and transmits many zoonotic diseases in humans and in wild and domestic animals. It is primarily controlled by the extensive use of conventional synthetic insecticides against most of which it has developed resistance. This study was ai...
Shorouk Aladdin Helmy1, Hossam Mahrous Ebeid2*, Mohamed Ahmed Hanafy1, Adel Eid Mohamed Mahmoud1, Reham Roshdy Ali El-tanany1
...rces, (soybeans, sunflowers, or cottonseed meals) on a dry matter basis. All rations were incubated in a rumen culture medium collected from sheep in a 3 (sources of clay), 4 (levels of clay), and 3 (protein sources) factorial design. All rations were prepared to be iso-nitrogenous. The results illustrated that humic acid addition had made a significant difference on the amount of degradable dry matter (dDM, g/kg DM), total gas production, per (ml) and (g/kg D...
Mei Zhao1,2, Xiaoqin Zeng1, Wancai Xia1, Baoping Ren3,4, Hao Feng1, Fan Wang1, Qihai Zhou5,6* and Dayong Li1,7*
...esses and related behaviors are the crucial events in mammalian reproduction. However, detailed reports of birth processes and related behaviors in wild nonhuman primates in their natural habitats are rare. Here, we document our observations of birth processes and related behaviors via scan sampling and focal animal samples during the birth of two infant Yunnan snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopit...
Nausheen Irshad1, Maria Akhter1, Tariq Mahmood2*, Faraz Akrim3, Muhammad Rafique Khan1 and Muhammad Sajid Nadeem4
... were five different orders of arthropods, two species of mammals (rodents) and birds (domestic hen and pigeon), while among plant food it consumed seeds and twigs of wild mulberry, Japanese fruit, wild fig and cucumber. The study concludes that Altai weasel in Bunjosa Game Reserve occurs at an elevation range between 1773 m to 1875 m, and consumes most frequently insects, followed by small mammals, birds and reptiles, along...
Rabia Goher, Inamullah and Mohammad Akmal*
...eplications. Four cultivars (i.e. Pirsabak-2005, Pakhtunkhwa-2015, Pakistan-2013 and DN-84) along with three advanced lines (i.e. P-2, P-12 and P-18) were compared for the crop growth seasons (i.e. 2017-18 and 2018-19). Averaged across genotypes, days to emergence, heading, anthesis, and maturity did differ (p<0.05) in various AE, with highest in higher altitudes and lowest in the plains area. Genotypes differed in crop d...
Sania Subhan Qureshi*,1, Baitullah Khan1, Shahid Khan1, Hanif Ur Rahman1 and Muhammad Subhan Qureshi2
...up to 21 billion US dollars annually. Annual losses in Pakistan is 692 million dollars in terms of body weight loss, milk production, treatment cost and mortality. FMD is caused by 7 different serotypes of FMD virus having different virulence. To compare the virulence of various FMD serotypes the study was designed to propagate the virus on BHK-21 cell line. The results revealed that serotype ‘A&<...
Samreen Khan*, Salma Javed and Nasira Kazi
...hed via length of female’s body 428-444 µm (0.42-0.44 mm), cephalic region rounded and offset. Lateral field found with three incisures. Cuticle finely annulated, about 1µm apart. Stylet 10 µm (10±0), delicate with minute basal knobs. Excretory pore located 2 µm anterior to the metacarpus and 44 µm from cephalic end. Vulva anteriad, having slight elevated anterior and posterior lips. Post urine sac (PUS) short (15-20 ...
Ikele*, Chika Bright, Ujunwa Aghaji, Mgbenka, Benard Obialo
...e nutrient recycling offers a sustainable fish productivity with less environmental impact. A 28 days preliminary trial was conducted to evaluate the affect of biofloc technology application on Clarias gariepinus juveniles with emphasis on the growth performance and impact on physiological status. A total of two hundred and seventy juvenile Clarias gariepinus were randomly distributed into six plastic bioreactors groups (A-F...
Eman Alsayed Hammad1* and Mahmoud Mohamed Hassanin Hasanin2
... coleus plants, Coleus forskohlii in vitro and greenhouse conditions. Nanoemulsions of thyme (droplets size was in the range of 25.4–32.9 nm) and spearmint (droplets size was in the range of 5.91–9.77 nm) at concentrations 4000 and 5000ppm separately, recorded the best results in vitro investigations, completely prevented F. oxysporum growth at all concentrations, and increased M. javanica mortality by 100%, in comparison to the non-treated control...
Phassakon Nuntapanich1*, Hathaichanok Nuntapanich2 and Woraman Maicharoen3
...t damaging the ecosystem’s capacity to provide the services. The marketing channel can be divided into three types are 1) travel-customer, 2) tourist-customer and 3) middlemen from many provinces to buy lots of fish from the wholesale farmer. All of these farming practices are efficient using of natural resources as the local wisdom that shield against inevitable shock in household economy and food security including encourage interaction between people ...
Muhammad Ismail1,*, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1 and Umair Abbas1 and Riaz Hussain2
...: justify;">Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) (Diptera: Tephritidae) is one of the economic pests of horticultural crops. This invasive species causes substantial economic loss to citrus produce each year in Pakistan. Farmers rely on persistent synthetic insecticides for fruit fly control. Insecticidal phytoextracts are biorational alternates to hazardous synthetic insecticides. This study eval...
Ghassan Zahid1, 2*, Sara Iftikhar3, Muhammad Umer Farooq4 and Shakeel Ahmed Soomro5
...opical fruits. Thus, diverse environmental conditions allow the farmers to cultivate a variety of fruits which ultimately uplifting the burden from traditionally cultivated crops. In recent years, the cultivation and yield of different fruit trees are declining in the country. The key contributors to the decline in fruit crop yield include abiotic stress...
Gamal Shawki1, Tawfek Mohamed Barakat1, Attia Mohamed Samy2, Ahmed Alhamed AL-Mejren2, Ayman Mesalam1*
...>. ...
Md. Enayet Kabir1, Md. Jahangir Alam1*, Md. Mosharaf Hossain2, Zannatul Ferdaushi3
...g cattle compared to others. Furthermore, TMR2 fed cattle had higher (P<0.05) values for hemoglobin (Hb), red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs) and lactobacillus count. Serum glucose, triglyceride, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) concentrations and coliform count were significantly (P<0.05) lower in the TMR2 fed group relative to the TMR1 and control ration fed groups. It may be concluded that feeding of rice straw as such or after its probiotic...
Tariq Mahmood1*, Shakeela Ismail1, Faraz Akrim2, Muhammad Farooq1, Nadeem Munawar1 and Muhammad Raza Khan1
...ific data on the species’ ecological parameters and conservation are scanty. The species is also facing persecution threat in response to depredation on livestock in many parts of the country. We investigated occurrence and diet composition of grey wolf in Deosai National Park, Pakistan to record how much proportion of its diet comprises of livestock, leading to human-wolf conflict. ...
Feng Xu, Weijing Fan and Guobin Liu*
...e withNEXN-AS1 could reverse the effects of rutin on ox-LDL-induced proliferation, apoptosis and oxidative stress of vascular endothelial cells. It is concluded that rutin had a protective effect on ox-LDL-induced vascular endothelial apoptosis and oxidative injury, and its mechanism may be related to the up-regulation ofNEXN-AS1/miR-410-3p pathway.
...
Tao Ren1, Guiqiu Cao2, Xiao Han3, Feng Tan1, Qiaoli Chen4, Shicheng Yang5 and Haiyan Zhang6*
...nize the various parameters such as creatine kinase myocardial band (CK-MB), high-density lipoprotein (HDL), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine, troponin-T (TRT), cholesterol, C - reactive protein (CRP), and concentration of mitochondrial enzymes viz., Ca2+, Na+ and K+ ions were estimated in blood. Heart tissue was also isolated for caspase-3 activity. Our result showed that naringenin pretreatment significantly increased cardiac dysfunction via scavenged f...
Zahra Jamilah Sabrina1, Adrian Pearl Gunawan2, Beryl Reinaldo Chandra2, Ilham Pangestu Harwoko3, Johannes Marulitua Nainggolan4,Widi Nugroho1*
...Microscope (SEM). The course of fracture healings was analysed at 21 days post-treatment using Emery’s score and Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney U statistics. Results showed that micro-CHA has a molecular formula of Ca10(PO4)3(CO3)5(OH) and a crystallinity level of 89.97%. Nano-CHA has agglomerate sizes of 82.68 – 153.00 nm. Emery’s score in the nano-CHA+PRP group was hig...
Mudassar Jehan1, Masroor Ahmed Bajwa2, Mohammad Masood Tariq2, Asim Faraz3*, Abdul Samaad2, Jameel Ahmad1 and Yousaf Hassan Barozai2
...tion. Some specific markers (15 out of available 30 SSR markers) were employed in the present study to highlight genetic polymorphism. The PCR was utilized for amplification of individual DNA samples. All of the 15 SSR markers were amplified. After gel documentation, a total number of 97 alleles were recognized having 1 to 5 polymorphic forms (OARFCB193, OARJMP29, MAF33) to 4 (OARHH47, DYM...
Abdelrahman A. Abdelrahman1, Salama A. S. Shany1, Kareem E. Hassan1, Mansy A. A. Dardeer2, Ali A.1*, Magdy F. El-Kady1*
...tory affections in broilers. Samples were collected from 68 broiler chicken flocks with variable mortality rates in four Egyptian governorates (Fayoum, Beni-Suef, Giza, Minia). All samples were cultivated on PPLO media and detected under stereo-microscope for fried egg colonies. Forty-three samples were detected as Mycoplasma spp., using PCR for species identification, MG, MS, and Untyped strains, with a high prevalence of MG (27.9%) and lowest for MS (8.8%). ...
Nguyen Binh Truong1,2,3*, Nguyen Van Thu3
...ge utilization. In the first experiment, four male Charolais crossbred cattle (Charolais x Zebu crossbred) with 17.6±1.49 months of age and 255±30.1 kg live weight (mean±SD) were used in a 4x4 Latin square design. Four treatments were 47, 51, 55, and 59% NDF in diets (DM basis) corresponding to NDF47, NDF51, NDF55 and NDF59 treatments. In the second experiment, a total of 30 crossbred beef cattle were assigned into three groups (Charolais,...
Tri Eko Susilorini1*, Ahmad Furqon2, Wike Andre Septian1, Desinta Wulandari3, Suyadi Suyadi3
...different genotypes didn’t significantly affect milk production and compositions. Descriptively, Senduro goat with TT genotype had the highest milk production and compositions. In conclusion, the polymorphism of CSN3|Alw44I was polymorphic and could differentiate milk production and compositions among genotypes (TT>CT>CC).
Keywords | Key words: PCR-RFLP, Restriction enzyme, Polymorphic, Local goat, Kappa-casein
...
Paulus Klau Tahuk*, Oktovianus R. Nahak T.B., Gerson F. Bira, Adrianus Manek, Donatus Manek, Tobias Y. Purnama, Emanuel Bubun, Bergias Subay
...le aged between 2-2.5 years old, with the average initial body weight was 181.50±16.51 kg. The animals were divided into three groups according to the ration treatment used. The rations include T1 ration which contained standard crude protein and high energy (11% CP and 72% TDN), T2 ration which contained medium protein and high energy (13% CP and 72% TDN); and T3 ration which contained high protein and high energy (15% CP and 72% TDN). The level of Gli...
The Effect of Pomegranate Peel on Soybean Meal Protein Degradation and Milk Production in Dairy Cows
Soliman Mohammed Soliman1*, Mohsen Mahmoud Shoukry2, Ahmed Mohammed El-Okazy1, Ahmed Mahmoud El-Morsy1, Mahmoud Mohammed Soliman1
...d to three groups. The first group contains untreated SBM, while the second and third groups contain SBM treated with pomegranate peel (PP) at levels of 200 and 250 gm / kg of SBM, respectively. All levels of PP treated to SBM in the first experiment had a positive effect on SBM ruminal degradability after 72 h of incubation. But the optimal levels were 200 and 250 g pp/kg SBM (PP), which were significantly lower in degradat...
Zayed Mohammad Ali I.1*, Mona Mohamdy1, M.F. Shehata1, Nasser Ghanem2
...nd growth are major factors affecting sheep meat production. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the potential of Abo-Deleek lambs in meat production under different management systems. Sixteen Abo-Deleek lambs aged six months were used in the present study. Experimental lambs were divided according to body weight into two similar groups and then randomly allocated to two different management systems, intensive (G1=22.31± 3.95kg) and semi-i...
Aiman Batool1, Muhammad Sohail Sajid1,2*, Hafiz Muhammad Rizwan3**, Asif Iqbal4, Imaad Rashid5, Ibadullah Jan6, Faiza Bano7, Fiaz Ahmad8, Waqas Ahmad1, Muhammad Nisar Khan1
...ociation of various factors with endo and ectoparasites in the small ruminant population of district Dera Ismail Khan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Faecal and blood samples were collected along with ectoparasites directly from the animal rectum, jugular vein and skin, respectively. The examination of gastrointestinal (GI) parasites and haemoparasites was carried out through qualitative and quantitative methods, and Giemsa-stained thin smear, respectively. Mor...
Barirah Rehman Talpur1, Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani1*, Imdad Hussain Leghari2, Mansoor Tariq1, Aisha Rehman3, Shahnawaz Kumbhar1
...eys in rabbits and broilers. Sixteen rabbits and sixteen broilers of four weeks age were divided into four subgroups each were given 0mg (control),50 mg, 100 mg and 200 mg Sodium Fluoride /liter in water daily for 18 days. The clinical signs and mortality were noted. Blood was collected at days 0, 5, 10, 15 and 18 of experiment, for evaluation of liver and kidney functions. Dose and time dependent significant (p<0.05) inc...
Hye-myoung, Jang 1,3, Ju-Hyeun, Kim3, Garam Park1, Yoon Dong Choi4, Sun-Eui Kim1,5, Gwang Joo Jeon1,2*
...seases such as Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s became one of the most concerning social issues, almost a prime concern in aging era of todays as crucial as cancers. We have studied Agarwood (Aquiralia crassna) extract (AE) and its effects on prevention of dementia related diseases through ICR mice experiment. The mice were fed with 5 mg of AE per day for 16 weeks to see the effect ...
Manatsanun Nopparatmaitree1*, Pornpan Saenphoom1, Sittichai Bunlue1, Silchai Washiraomornlert1, Warangkana Kitpipit2,3,4, Soranot Chotnipat1
...and performance of broilers. This experiment was carried out to investigate the effects of synbiotic from trimmed asparagus by-products (TABP) combined with probiotic supplementation in broiler diets on the apparent nutrient digestibility, cecal microbiota, small intestinal morphology, and performance. Three hundred twenty-one days old, Ross 308® chicks; were raised under ambient temperature and assigned to a completely randomized design with four treatmen...
Muhamad Khairul Riza, Valentinus Priyo Bintoro, Sri Kismiyati, Sugiharto Sugiharto*
...he meat quality of broilers that were maintained in high-density condition. Two hundred and eighty-five 14 days old Lohmann broiler chicks were randomly allotted to CONT (birds stocked at a density of 9 birds/m2 and received control/basic feed), HSD (birds stocked at a density of 16 chicks/m2 and received control feed), HSDT (birds stocked at a density of 16 chicks/m2 and received feed supplemented with 1% turmeric powder) and HSDAT (birds stocked at a density...
Mohammad Belal Shaker1, Waleed Rizk El-Ghareeb2,3*, Marwa Magdy Seliem4, Wageh Sobhy Darwish3, Bassam Abdulla Alhawas2, Ahmed E. Tharwat3
... in immune-compromised persons. This international collaborative research was conducted to investigate the prevalence of Aeromonas spp., particularly A. hydrophila in three crustaceans (crab, lobster, and shrimp) retailed in Zagazig, Egypt, and Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia. Detection of virulence associated genes in the recovered A. hydrophila isolates was additionally screened using PCR. Furthermore, antimicrobial resistance profiling was examined among the recovere...
Ade Djulardi1*, Robi Amizar2, Tigor Sanjaya1
... 10 laying quails. The first factor is expired milk powder supplementation with three levels, namely 0%, 0.25%, and 0.50%. The second factor is the level of protein requirement with two levels, namely 20% and 18%. The variables observed were ration consumption (g/head/day), daily egg production (%), egg weight (g/grain), egg mass (g/head/day), feed conversion, and income over feed cost (IOFC). The analysis of variance showed...
Mohamed El-Henfnawy*, Essam A. El-Gendy, Ahamed M. El-Kaiaty, Mostafa Helal
...e-by-sex interaction refers to the interaction of genetic architecture with male or female performance. The current study aimed to evaluate the genotype-by-sex (G×S) interaction on the growth performance of a selected chicken line and its genetic control line. The results revealed significant G × S interactions for body weights at 4 and 10 weeks of age. The line effects on body weight traits were significant and consistent except for 2-wk body weig...
Chinar Mustafa Mohammed1*, Thamer M. Bashir1, Omar A.M. Al-Habib2, Farhad Ramadhan1, Mohammed Bassam1
... ECG signals and parameters were recorded and analyzed with the aid of Bio Amp of ADInstruments data acquisition system and LabChart software. The results showed infusion of Taurine 1mg/kg/hr, 2.5mg/kg/hr and 10mg/kg/hr non significantly change heart rate (BPM), QRS intervals, S amplitude (mV), T amplitude (mV), ST height (mV), JT height (mV), QT intervals (s) and QTc (s).
&nbs...
Hany M.R. Elsherif1, Ahmed Orabi2, Hussein M.A. Hassan3, Ahmed Samy3*
...lood biochemical parameters, immunological condition, and gastrointestinal health. Total of 240 male Arbor Acres broiler chicks were randomly divided into four groups, each with six replicates of 10 chicks. Group I fed diet consisted of a basic diet with no additives (control). Groups II, III, and IV fed diets consisted of a control diet supplemented with 1.5g sodium formate/Kg (SF), 1.5g sodium acetate/Kg (SA), and 1.5g sodium propionate/Kg (SP), respectively...
Tri Untari1*, Sitarina Widyarini2, Michael Haryadi Wibowo1, Marla Anggita1
...ing the NDV antibody titers using hemagglutination inhibition test and histological studies to observe the toxic effect of red ginger to the chicken livers and kidneys. Antibody titers in group I, II, III and IV were determined as HI (log)2 average and were recorded 3.81, 2.91, 3.13 and 0.95, while the geometric mean titers (GMT) were 13.9, 8.6, 7.5 and ...
Chandni Wajid1, Abdul Hameed Baloch1, Ahmed Nawaz Khosa1*, Hubdar Ali Kaleri2, Nasrullah Bangulzai1, Sarfraz Ali Fazlani1, Haleema Sadia3, Saeeda Kalsoom4, Muhammad Bilawal Arain2, Wassem Ali Vistro2
...for DNA extraction. Primers were designed using Primer 3 software and PCR was performed. PCR products were sequenced and analyzed for observing genetic variation in PROP1 gene of these four sheep breeds of Balochistan. The result for PROP1 gene analysis showed 7 variations including 3 frame shift and 4-point mutations with c.63G>A, c.83G>A, c.94G>T, c.104C>G, c.237G>A, c.432T>C and c.450C>T were observed in all three exons of PROP1 gene of...
Emtenan M. Hanafi1*, Fouad M. Tawfeek2, Walid S. El Nattat1, Moetazza M. Alshafei3, Seham S. Kassem3, Kawkab A. Ahmed4, Enas N. Danial5, Hagar Elbakry3, Hoda S. El-Sayed2
...nown as health potentiators. The aim of this study was to produce microcapsules to act as functional feed additives to enhance general health and to study its effect on the reproductive performance of male albino rat. Total flavonoids, total phenolics, DPPH, HPLC and antimicrobial test against different types of bacteria were done for SP extract. BL has been microencapsulated in association with SP. Twentiy eight. adult male rats were divided into 4 equal grou...
Abd El-Moniem Ali S. Mahgoub, Ahmed Mohamed Abd El-Hafeez, Mahmoud Yassin Mohamed*, Al-Moataz Bellah Mahfouz Shaarawy, Mohamed Ibrahim Nassar
...n hay improved feed conversion to digestible crude protein (P < 0.002). The replacement of clover hay 10, 20, and 30% ratios of sesban hay did not affect most of the puberty parameters and semen characteristics. Economic efficiency was noticeably higher with an increasing level of sesban hay. It concluded that partial replacement of up to 30% of clover hay by sesban hay has positive effects on some metabolic paramete
Asmaa Khamis1, Osama Abdalla1, Mohamed Hashem2, Noha Abdelnaeim1*
...ted in six groups. The first group received purified water and was kept as a control. The second and third groups were given oral PN and PM (500 mg/kg/day) for 31 days, respectively. The fourth group was intraperitoneally injected with CCl4 (2 ml/kg/day) on days 15 and 16 of the experiment. The fifth and sixth groups received oral PN and PM (500 mg/kg/day), respectively, for 31 days and were injected with CCl4 on days 15 and 16. On days 17 and 32 of the trial,...
Sepri Reski*, Maria Endo Mahata, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli
...nous Micro-Organism (IMO’s) from fruit waste as starter on performance, carcass yield and giblets percentage. A total of 100 one- d- old Arbor Acres CP 707 broilers was raised for 4 weeks of age. The birds were distributed into 5 treatments with 4 replicates in a completely randomized design. The fermented seaweed was supplemented at the level of 0, 5, 10, 15 and 20 % in the diets. The observed variables were live weig...
Gamalat Y. Osman1, Elham M. Hassan1*, Tarek A. Salem2, Azza H. Mohamed1
...Hepatic granuloma diameters in FWE treated infected mice were significantly reduced when compared to the infected control group. FEW also reduced the lymphocytic infiltration around the granulomatous tissue. It can be concluded that FWE exhibited anti-schistosomal and anti-inflammatory effects on infected mice.
Keywords | Schistosoma mansoni, Trigonella foenum, Fenugreek water extract, Praziquantel, Rutin, P-cumaric
...
Noha M El-Motaily1, Ossama M Abdou1, Heba S Farag1, Kawkab A Ahmed2, Mahmoud Saber1*
... causes panic to pet owners and caused by excessive proliferation of the normal skin commensal Demodex mites. Hemato-biochemical changes were previously reported in patient dogs with demodicosis due to the effect of stress caused by mites. This study was conducted on 38 dogs, 20 of them were used as control group and 18 were demodicosis infected dogs, for evaluation of hematological, biochemical and histopathological alterations. Beside detection of the antiox...
Asmaa A. Badr, Eman A. Abo Elfadl, Mohammed M. Fouda, Sayed M. Elsayed
...sed for the following years in Holstein German farm. The results also indicated that ARIMA (2,1,2) is the best fit model for Holstein Friesian in the first farm. Meanwhile, the ARIMA (0,1,2) is the best model for Holstein German in the second farm.
Keywords | ARIMA, Milk production, Time series, AIC, Holstein Friesian
...
Mohamed Lebdah1, Sahar Abd El Rahman2*, Ahmed Attia3, Reham Karam2, Naglaa Fathy Saeed Awad1, Mohamed Ibrahim El Bagoury1
...ails is still poorly understood. The present study aimed to investigate the natural occurrence and pathological changes of ND in quails in Egypt. The diseased quails were collected from eleven flocks in Egypt exhibited respiratory, nervous signs and whitish green diarrhea in addition to egg abnormalities and lower production with mortalities. No characteristic gross lesions were observed except heamorrhages in brain, congested liver, spleen, brain and muscles ...
Mimi Syazwani Jaapar1, Eric Lim Teik Chung1,2*, Nazri Nayan1, Mamat Hamidi Kamalludin1,2, Mookiah Saminathan3, Kalai Vaani Muniandy2, Muhammad Hazziq Mohd Hamdan1, Shokri Jusoh1, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse2,4
...iance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test to determine the level of significance among treatments. The net gas production and gas production kinetics demonstrated notable changes (P < 0.05) among treatments. Besides, only the acetic acid and total VFA showed significant differences (P < 0.05) for the rumen fermentation characteristics. Generally, the T3 diet consisted of 60% B. decumbens diet demonstrated the lowest gas production, gas product...
Ahmed Mohamed Elmahdy1*, Naglaa Mohammed Alkalamawy2
...ons caused by ivermectin’s unfavorable effect to almost normal levels as well as the co-administration of O.M. extract significantly reduced the histopathological effect of ivermectin on the liver and kidney. From our findings we concluded that the O.M. aqueous extract possessed a hepato-renal protective effect against ivermectin-induced adverse effects in rabbits.
Keywords | Hepato-renal...
Preparation and Evaluation of Cattle Feed by Ensiling Wet Rice Straw, Market Fish Waste and Molasses
Avijite Sarker, Sharmeen Islam, S.M. Ariful Islam, Md. Rokibul Islam Khan*, Md Mukhlesur Rahman
...). Comparing the parameters, T2 and T3 were preferable to prepare silages as cattle feed. Finally, it can be summed up that market fish waste is a valuable resource for the preservation of rice straw which provides farmers with cheap and environmentally friendly cattle feed.
Keywords | Environmental pollution, Silage, Metabolizable energy, Organic matter digestibility, Physical properties
...
Neeranoot Detcharoenyos1, Nakrob Pattanapon1, Soontaree Petchdee2*
...uccessfully treated by dorsal laminectomy of T8-T9 to excise an abnormal spinal mass, and a modified pedicle screw-rod was fixed to T7-T10 for stabilization. The biopsy result was cartilaginous exostosis (osteochondroma). The dog completely recovered within two months, and no recurrence was observed. Osteochondroma can be considered a rare cause of spinal cord compression. Complete excision of the tumor will result in decompression and reduce the risk of recur...
Luu Huynh Anh1, Huynh Tan Loc2, Nguyen Hong Xuan3, Le Minh Thanh1, Trinh Thi Hong Mo4, Ly Thi Thu Lan5, Nguyen Trong Ngu1*
...ns. A total of 420 broilers were randomly assigned to seven treatment groups. The negative control (NC) birds received no E. coli or phages, whereas the positive control (PC) birds were infected with E. coli only. The NC+MHH6 and NC+PR2 treatments received 109 pfu/ml of phages MHH6 or PR2, respectively; whereas the PC+MHH6, PC+PR2, and PC+MHH6PR2 groups were infected with 107.1 cfu/ml of E. coli strain O6 and treated with 109 pfu/ml of phages of MHH6, PR2, or ...
Tu Thi Minh Tran1*, Diep Hoang Tran1, Thuong Thi Nguyen2, Tomas J. Acosta3, Takeshi Tsuruta4, Naoki Nishino4, Hai Thanh Duong5
...indings did not help understand the role of the microbiota in fertility and subsequent conception. Despite the small number of dairy cows examined in this study, this report is the first to characterize the fecal, milk, uterine, airborne dust, and water microbiota in dairy farms in southern Vietnam.
Keywords | Dairy cows, Environment, Microbiota, Next generation sequencing, Tropics
...
Rubaijaniza Abigaba1,4*, Pharaoh C. Sianangama1, Progress H. Nyanga2, Edwell S. Mwaanga3, Wilson N.M. Mwenya1
...ale traditional pig farmers toward reproductive biotechnology application. A cross-sectional descriptive survey was employed to obtain sex-disaggregated data from 622 respondents using a semi-structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics including frequencies, mean, and standard error of the mean as well as inferential statistics, namely, Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U test, independent samples t-test, ANOVA, and the post-hoc tests were used to analyse the data...
Muneeza Zafar1,2,3, Fazli Rabbi Awan2,*, Munazza Raza Mirza3,*, Sumaira Nishat2,4, Sajid Ali Rajput5 and Imran Riaz Malik1,*
...ut of these variant, the rs13306194 (Arg532Trp) was found in the conserved region of protein domain, which can potentially disrupt overall chemical structure and function of the APOB. Six missense SNPs in the coding, and 17 SNPs in non-coding regions are proposed as novel most deleterious variants of APOB. We also try to predict the structural model of APOB through protein docking. The results indicate the applicability of in silico approach to propose the mos...
Aamir Ibrahim1, Bingyao Chen1, Hassan Ali2, Imran Ali3, Yang Cao1 and Guang Yang1*
...fully photographed and first reported seven types of skin marks originated from their natural or social interactions and anthropogenic activities. Dead bodies of five calves were collected from two different subpopulations in the Punjab river section, two from the Chashma-Taunsa and three from the Taunsa-Guddu barrage. Illegal hunting of Indus river dolphin and utilization of blubber in upstream areas of Punjab is still in practice. Anthropogenic threats are n...
Zahra Hussain, Zulfiqar Ali* and Rida Ahmad
...en pheasant (Phasianus versicolor). Comparison of different study sites revealed that Lahore Zoo had the highest disease prevalence in animals with significance value 0.002 (p<0.05). To reduce prevalence of diseases and health issues, various strategies and guidelines given by international authorities such as Association of Zoos and Aquariums and European Association of Zoos and Aquaria should be adopted and implemented....
Ghulam Abbas1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Saeed2*; Safdar Imran3, Ashgar Ali Kamboh4, Duraid KA Al-Taey5, Muhammad Asad Aslam1, Muhammad Saeed Imran6, Muhammad Ashraf3, Muhammad Asif7, Abdul Jabbar Tanveer8, Razia Abdul Majid Qureshi9, Maria Arshad1, Hussain Ahmed Khan Niazi1, Muhammad Tariq10, Sikandar Abbas1
...s and performance enhancers in livestock and poultry have been widely studied. In poultry feed, OA have been used mainly to combat the activity of Salmonella and Escherichia. They also enhance the uptake of digested proteins and important minerals. The advantages of using OA as feed additives greatly outweigh their disadvantages like decreased palatability. Organic acids can increase egg productivity and enhance the egg quality in laye...
Iram Liaqat1*, Umaima Bibi2, Muhammad Arshad3 and Najma Arshad2*
...Presently, there is universal interest to discover new and safe antioxidant compounds from natural sources, to reduce oxidative injury to the cells and overcome oxidative deterioration of foods affecting human life. The study was designed to assess the antioxidant capability of six selected medically principal plants; Hyssopus officinalis, Origanum vulgare, Thymus vulgaris, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Cordia latifolia and Zizyphus jujuba. Antioxidant activity was dete...
Junaid Ali1, Muhammad Nawaz2, Muhammad Ilyas3, Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Imran Khan1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha4*, Muhammad Arshad5, Muhammad Akram6, Mina Kharal7, Ehsan Ullah1, Muhammad Talha Aslam1, Fareeha Athar1, Ayesha Mustafa1 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
...ed in flat sowing with first irrigation applied 60 DAS. The results indicated that ridge sowing method and three irrigation levels are an important practice to get the maximum productivity of lentil crop grown in semi-arid conditions of Faisalabad....
Abdul Majid1*, Farah Naz1, Nasrullah Laghari1, Sanaullah Abbasi1, Sham Lal2 and Safdar Ujjan3
... is always a need to understand the effects of solvents on secondary structural conformation. Biophysical investigations about the changes in secondary structure conformation of lysozymes were performed with CDS using them in water and buffer. Membrane bilayer mimics were prepared from dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) through rehydration method. CDS identified that secondary structure was maintained in saline phosphate buffer (PBS) pH (6.4, 7.4 and 8.0), ...
Adil Ali Gadahi1, Wajid Ali Jatoi1, Saima Mir Arain2, Jay Kumar Sootaher1*, Piar Ali Shar1, Sadaf Memon1, Muhammad Saleem Chang3, Zeeshan Majeed Kumbhar1 and Kirshan Kumar Menghwar1
...cant for several characters. Among the treatments, T3 (four irrigation) recorded higher mean perform then T2 (two irrigation) and T1 (zero irrigation) which showed that different irrigation regimes caused significantly impact on all the traits. Among the genotypes, V3-10-34 showed minimum reduction in spike length, spikelets per spike, grains per spike, seed index, grain yield per plant and harvest index. The genotype, V2-10-15 manifested minimum decrease for ...
Nur Prabewi , Supriyanto, Budi Purwo Widiarso*
... meat marinated for 3 hours, and T2= meat marinated for 6 hours. Our results indicated that herbal marination significantly improved the quality of broiler meat in terms of the antioxidant and protein content (P<0.05). It also demonstrated a significant increase in meat tenderness (P<0.05), however there was no significant effect on the cholesterol content. Six hours of marinated mea...
Asim Zubair1*, Iffat Batool2 and Ghulam Akbar Malik3
...come and resources, farmers in the selected area were still forced to take out loans to satisfy their basic needs, and the requirement of collateral places them at the mercy of the black market. Mostly people in that rural areas were depending a lot on NGOs for their basics needs. So, the Purpose of this research was to identify the possible role of NGOs in Pakistan’s Agriculture sector. The experience of non-Governmen...
Muhammad Musa1*, Saba Saeed2, Azher Mustafa2, Muhammad Ussama Yasin2, Saima Naseer2 and Iftikhar Haider3
...ve plant defense activators i.e., salicylic acid, citric acid, benzoic acid, KH2PO4 and K2HPO4 were tested against potato leaf roll virus (PLRV) in field conditions while two nutrient solutions i.e., macronutrients (N, P, K) and micronutrients (B, Zn, Cu, Mn, and Fe) were tested against the disease under glass house conditions during the years 2018 and 2019. All plant defense activators an...
Muhammad Zeeshan Nadeem1, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem1*, Muhammad Ashfaq Wahid1 and Muhammad Anwar ul Haq2
...y in pearl millet cultivars through seed priming, a two years field study was conducted at research area of department of agronomy, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, Pakistan. Three seed priming treatments viz. hydro priming (48h), ascorbate (40 mg L-1) and calcium chloride (100 mg L-1) including one control (no-priming) were tested with four pearl millet cultiva<...
Abid Hussain1, Mubbashira Nazir2*, Saira Batool2 and Sidra Majeed1
...tics of the adopter farmers have also been studied. The study is based on primary data that was collected from 110 sample farmers in the year 2018. It is found that adopters of the gypsum technology are more educated, having large family size, operational land and livestock holdings. Gypsum application at a rate of 0.26 ton per acre doubled the productivity (26.80 mounds/ 40kg) of groundnu...
Iqtidar Hussain1, Haroon Shahzad2*, Sami Ullah2*, Muhammad Jawad Nazir1 and Muhammad Rizwan3
...y focused on the parameters about weed densities before and after weed management and other agronomic parameters including grain yield. Relative weed densities of Cyprus rotundus L., Eleusine indica L., Cynon dactylon L., Trianthene portulacastrum L., convolvulus, and other miscellaneous weeds were registered before and after weed management. Results indicated that chemical control significantly best over control (No Treatme...
Adimabua Mike Moemeka1, Ufuoma Godstime Sorhue1*, Sylvanus Ikenna Omeje2, Lawrence Bratte2, Raphael Onainor1, Okpara Oghenesuvwe2
...eight gain and feed conversion rate. Average daily weight gain was 0.24kg in T1 and 0.17kg in T2, while T3 had the highest gross margin. IGF-1 expression patterns were significantly different (P<0.05) between treatments, increased inclusion of sweet potato meal increased expression of IGF-1 gene. This study therefore suggests that inclusion of 75% boiled red sweet potato meal in diet of growing pigs might be used, but supplementation of 50% maize with 50% b...
Mehwish Saleem Khan* and Sumama Farooq
...ntibiotic resistance occurs when bacteria develop number of mechanisms to protect themselves against the action of antibiotics. Antibiotics are chemical substances which bacteria and fungi produce either to inhibit or kill the other microbes. Antibiotics are classified on the basis of their structure and mode of action. Bacteria resist antibiotics by inactivating the drugs, altering the target site, chemically modifying the antibiotics and by ribosomal splitti...
Muhammad Bakhtiar1*, Fayaz Ali Niaz2, Asim Muhammad2, Mamoona Munir3, Wajiha Seerat4, Sadiqullah Khan5, Ghulam Yaseen6, Muhammad Noman Khan7 and Asma Bibi8
...area of agriculture university Peshawar. Two factor were studied in this experiment i.e. 5 N doses (40, 80, 120, 160, 200 kg ha-1) and 3 S doses (20, 40, 60 kg ha-1). Urea was used as source of Nitrogen and ammonium sulphate was used as a source of sulfur. After analysis of the data the results revealed that Fertilizer applied plots showed best performance in all measured parameters as compared to control plots. In the case ...
Evaluation of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Performance under Different Levels of Zinc and Phosphorus
Abdul Qadoos1, Muhammad Bakhtiar2*, Wajiha Seerat3, Asma Bibi4, Sohail Rahman1, Muhammad Noman Khan5, Ghulam Yaseen6, Mamoona Munir7 and Sadiqullah Khan8
...e chances of natural errors. The various levels of P (0, 75, 90 and 105 kg ha-1) were assigned to major plots and Zn levels (0, 4, 8, 12 and 16 kg ha-1) were allocated to sub-plot. ‘Atta Habib’ wheat variety was sown @ 120 kg ha-1. Result of the experiment shows that both factors had considerably affected all measured parameters. Application ...
Samina Malik1, Tahira Jabeen Ursani1, Naheed Mehmood Soomro1, Naeem Tarique Narejo2, Jawaid Ahmed Khokhar1* and Asif Soomro1
...rcadian behavior of spiders occurring in two agricultural districts of Sindh, Pakistan were investigated over a four-year period from 2015-2018. Sample size was 2808 specimens which were arranged into 25 species, 15 genera and ten spider families. After analyzing the data from growing to harvesting of sugarcane, two spider guilds were identified on the basis of feeding and circadian behavior. Assemblage of spiders in the sug...
Zunaira Fatima Syeda1*, Ahafaque Ahmad Shah2, Farrah Deeba3 and Farheen Malik1
... competence and students’ grades was found with the help of Pearson correlation. The impact of generic competence and students’ grades was observed with the help of multiple regressions. The findings of the study concluded that the level of competence was found the same in male and female students. But, the level of competence was found in few competences when observed group wi...
Akbar Hayat1*, Marayam Nasir2, Ehsan-Ul-Haque1, Muhammad Asim1, Sohaib Afzaal1, Shagufta Naz3, Muhammad Nawaz1, Abid Mahmood4, Faheem Khadija1, Fiaz Hussain1 and Tariq Mehmood5
.... Kinnow ‘Mandarin’ is a major citrus cultivar being cultivated in Pakistan. The current study aimed to investigate the nutritional status and growth and yield of Kinnow mandarin grafted on four overseas and two indigenous rootstocks in Pakistan. Experiments were conducted at experimental station of Citrus Research Institute, Sargodha from 2016 to 2020. Results revealed over all good adaptability, while no signif...
Marwa Ragab Saeed Abdallah, Hussein Mohamed Hussein Mohamed, Mohamed Mohamed Talaat Emara, Mai Atef Mohamed
...ed to four groups; the first group was aerobically packed and used as control, the second group was vacuum packed, while the third and fourth groups were coated with WPI/BW then packed in either polyethylene or vacuum bags. All groups were stored at 5 °C until the signs of unacceptability were noticed. The results showed that WPI/BW coated pastirma stored under vacuum packaging showed the most oxidative stability (low TBA
Naseem Sharif1,2*, Imran Muhammad Siqqique2, Muhammad Kashif Raza3, Urwa Irshad1, Muhammad Ikhlaq Khan4, Ammara Noreen4 , Muhammad Ahsan Qureshi1, Mohsin Abbas5, Muhammad Maaz Aziz5, Sitwat Riaz5, Komal Aslam5 and Naseem Akhtar6
...hifting attitude of farmers towards other cash crops, the specie is in high risk of extinction. In this study, sixteen naturally growing wild jujube accessions were analysed based on multivariate analysis. Significant diversity was counted for selected morphological and biochemical traits like leaf length (1.8-5.4cm), thorn length (0.6-2.9 cm), fruit weight (1.88-4.72g), fruit length (8.83-19.34mm), fruit width (11.03 -22.74...
Iftikhar Alam1*, Muhammad Ali2 and Muhammad Farooq3*
...ttention of the researchers. Food and lifestyle are main characteristics of a healthy workplace environment. Taken in this meaning, the food environment of the university has great implications on overall health of students. However, little is known about how university students perceive food and lifestyle environment. This study was aimed to connect student participants in a photovoice ac...
Mahreen Hanif*, Shafqat Saeed, Mudssar Ali, Muqadas Younas, Huda Bilal, Syeda Fatima Bukhari
...mplemented practice, offers a chemical free tactics to control the stored grain pests. Barrier property of different types of packaging viz., polypropylene (green), polypropylene (white), polyethylene (gauge1), polyethylene (gauge 2), cotton, polymer, and china lamination were investigated in storage bag of chickpea against Tribolium castaneum (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) during the controlled condition. Adults of T. castaneum was released on all packaging to e...
Juweria Abid1, Hooria Latif2, Amir Sohail2, Saroosh Fatima Tahir Syed2, Shakeel Ahmad3, Tooba Asif4 and Muhammad Farooq5*
...ncrease in eating disorders all around the world from the past fifty years specifically in the adolescents’ age group including psychological health i.e., excessive dieting, stress from educational and academic pressure which makes them susceptible to extreme malnourishment. The sample consisted of 450 university students aged 20 to 25 yea
Nawal Abd-elhafez Hassanain1, Raafat Mohamed Shaapan1*, Ahmed Maher1, Ahmed Badwi Yousif2, Gomaa Desoky Emam2
...e Bengal test ‘RBT’ and also standard agglutination test ‘SAT’) a similar time. The results showed that 29 of 504 examined cases (5.75%) were RDTs positive while all examined blood samples were negative for malaria by microscopic blood film examination. Out of the 29 positive RDTs cases 11 were positive for brucellosis (2.18%) and 18 for typhoid fever (3.57%). Our finding concluded that, it should be ...
Syeda Rubab Zaidi* and Safdar Ali Mirza
...um and different parameters such as incubation period and inoculum size were optimized and inducers were employed for enhanced production of laccase. Partial purification was accomplished through Ammonium-Sulphate precipitation and for further purification gel filtration and anion exchange methods were used along with protein estimation. The purified fraction was then subjected to enzymatic characterization to find its therm...
Asim Faraz1, Muhammad Yaqoob2, Nasir Ali Tauqir3, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Ayman Balla Mustafa4, Amir Ismail5, Muhammad Arslan Akbar6, Abdul Waheed1* and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel7
... to use hormonal biomarkers in terms of progesterone and estradiol as early pregnancy indicators in female dromedary camel. A total of 44 female Marecha camels were selected in Thal desert of Pakistan during breeding season (December-March) and kept under semi-intensive management system (SIMS). Selected animals were divided into two comparable groups of 22 animals in each to determine the hormonal profile. G1 was composed o...
Ahmad Ali1, Zaib Ullah2, Muhammad Javaid Asad1*, Muhammad Rafi3, Muhammad Maqsood4 and Sajid Mahmood5,6
... therapy (PDT) on Hela versatile feasibility underneath outstanding oxygen circumstances becomes quantified by the utilization of the equivalent vintage check. Photodynamic therapy is developing as a potential solution for masses malignancies. The purpose of this task changed into to find the reasonable total of acknowledgment of photosensitizer as medication and portion of laser moderate which may likewise also in addition additionally reason most extreme har...
Heba Abdo Basha1, Walaa Slouma Hamouda Abd El Naby2*, Samya Erian Ibrahim3, Abeer Fikry Elnahas2
...e MSTN gene and IGF-2 (3’-UTR), using DNA sequencing. Fifty turkeys were categorized into high and low body weight. Blood samples were collected from each bird for DNA extraction. Four birds were selected randomly/group to be slaughtered for carcass traits. In MSTN, only six non-synonymous SNPs were recorded leading to four amino acid substitution in exon 1 and 2 amino acids substitution in exon 2. In low body weight, only one non-synonymous mutation was...
Mohamed. E. Taha1, Mohamed S. Ahmed2, Ahmed I. Ahmed2, Amany Adel3, Salama Rehab4,5*, Nabila Osman2**
... binding amino acid markers indicated their public health concern. Overall conclusion indicated that AIV (H9N2) still circulates among poultry farms in the Southern Egypt. Furthermore, isolated strains were closely related to strains of Israel, Middle East and Asia.
Keywords | Avian Influenza, H9N2, Broiler chickens, Real Time RT-PCR, Sequencing.
...
Rawda S. Mohamed1,2, Mohammed Y. Matoock2*, Abeer H. Abdelrazek2
...eral neurological disorders of human beings. Mice are frequently used in biomedical research, including stress research. However, mice respond differently to stress. Therefore, we conducted this study to screen the behavioral and biochemical responsiveness of two different strains of mice, Balb/c (B) and Swiss (S). A total of fourteen adult males, each of (S) and (B) mice, were housed in either the control group or the multiple concurrent acute stress (MAS) gr...
Mohamed A. Hussein1, Bahgat A. Abd El-Rehman2, Kareem A. Eldin2, Mohamed Fouad Mansour1*
... AlHV respectively. Conversely, neutrophil count decreased in vaccinated groups. No change was detected between groups in serum kidney function enzymes. Cytokine profile including IL-2 was markedly increased from 1st day after inoculation and elevated moderately till arrived to the peak at the 5th, 7th and 10th days post-vaccination in groups vaccinated with Ch-NPsV, AlP-NPsV and AlHV respectively. The results IFN-γ mRNA expression level was consistent w...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
...ificantly. Terpenes, esters, aldehydes, phenols and ketones were identified as the major constituents of the fractions with partial characterization. The reduction in nematode population in the screenhouse and field signifies that fractions from M. indica could be employed in place of the environmentally undependable synthetic nematicides, while encouraging a sustainable and safe environment in tomato cultivation....
Rizwana Abdul Ghaffar* and Kamil Nadeem
...elves to the mucosal layers. This causes severe pathogenicity in the intestine as a result the pigeon shows signs and symptoms of illness. Pathological studies of tissues from infected intestine reveal several changes from the normal architectural organization of tissues. The most common findings were massive congestion, cellular infiltration, atrophy, hypertrophy and dystrophy of cells and disintegration of cellular layers,...
Nishant Shah1*, Rakesh Kumar Yadav1, Anil Gautam1*, Shambhu Shah1 and Mohan Kumar Gupta2
...t-align: justify;">Broilers do not perform to their genetic potential in a stressful and diseased condition as concerned with poor bedding materials, high ammonia production from litter, and so on. The maximum ammonia production from litter depends on factors like moisture (%), pH, total nitrogen (%) of litter, and temperature of broiler houses. Carbonized Rice Husk (CRH) is a good poultry bedding material that consists of c...
Arfan Ahmed Gilal1*, Lubna Bashir Rajput1, Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar1, Ghulam Murtaza Kaleri2, Tanzeela-ul-Zahra1,3, Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi4 and Zeeshan Rasheed1
...Pakistan. Therefore, understandings of its biological features in introduced locations could improve understanding of its invasive features, which is necessary for better management. Accordingly, life table and fertility schedule studies of FAW were conducted under laboratory conditions on maize leaves and stems. Three cohorts comprised of 131, 112 and 105 eggs of similar age were used for both leaves and stems. The results ...
Rana Aamir Shehzad1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Sabir Hussain Shah2, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Sher Muhammad2, Muhammad Aftab3, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Imran Shehzad1
...ase in all plant parameters were recorded in T11 [T2 + all P from PROM (phosphorus rich organic manure)] followed by T13 (T2 + all P from phosphocompost). In case of soil characteristics, application of recommended NPK from chemical fertilizer (T2) recorded the highest pH (8.66) of soil, while the maximum EC (2.75 dS m-1) of soil was noted under the application of (T13) (T2 + all P from compost). Soil organic matter (0.90 %) was found to be maximum under T5 (T...
Nimra Altaf1, Muhammad Arshad1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Muhammad Irfan Ullah1*, Hamza Latif1, Muhammad Zeeshan1, Gulfam Yousuf1 and Muhammad Afzal2
...rops. This species was first reported in Pakistan during 2019, and is now an emerging threat to Pakistan’s Agriculture. The main objective of the study was to evaluate the efficacy of a synthetic insecticide Chlorantraniliprole in comparison to different concentrations of single botanical, i.e., neem leaf extract @ (50 ppm and 100 ppm) against FAW larvae in maize. Our findings showed a significant effect (P < 0.001)...
Yahia A. Amin1*, Alaa Eldin Z. Mahmoud2, Mohamed Sabry Aref3, Abd El-Latif Shaker Seddek4, Waleed Younis5
...d into two groups: the first group is the normal control group (9 cows), and the second group (91 cows) is the treated group and suffered from endometritis. Samples for bacteriological examination were taken and subjected to antibiotic sensitivity tests. The most sensitive antibiotic was used for the treatment of the infected group. After the end of the treatment protocol, the herd reproduction management was applied to all treated cows. Results showed that di...
Inam Ul Haq1*, Muhammad Ramzan1, Mansoor Khan Khattak1 and Ahmad Khan2
... carried out in the University Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, Pakistan to find the effect of raised seed bed dimensions and integrated nutrient management on the yield of winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivar (Pirsabak 2015) under deep tillage in silt clay loam (Pedocals) soil during 2019. The levels of planting technique factor were; 0 m high raised seed bed (P...
Nkana Kontchiachou J. Gwladys1, Kouamo Justin2, Vemo Bertin Narcisse3*, Mweugang Ngouopo Nathalie4, Wang-Baa Temoa Christophe1, Awantu Christian Funwi1, Semi Yam Alphonsius1, Kenne Noubissie Christèle5, Tendonkeng Fernand5
...f haematological parameters, and in dry tubes, for the dosage of serum biochemical parameters. The main results revealed that the number of total white blood cells, lymphocytes, monocytes and granulocytes increased significantly (p<0.05) in guinea pigs supplemented at 0.5% green anise, compared to the control. The haemoglobin concentration, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume of haemoglobin, the number of red bloo...
Bulkaini*, Syamsuhaidi, Yusuf Sutaryono, Djoko Kisworo, Sukirno, Sukarne, Tapaul Rozi
...ler chickens are indicators to assess carcass quality. This study was conducted to evaluate the carcass characteristics and production of pure meat broiler chicken circulating in the traditional markets of Lombok and Sumbawa based on the Indonesian National Standard. The material used was 191 heads of broiler chickens with a slaughter age of 45-49 days. Ninety heads from a chicken slaughterhouse in Mataram City, sixty heads from a chicken slaughterhouse in Wes...
Duong Thanh Hai1*, Tomas J. Acosta2, Tran Thi Minh Tu3
...cantly the absolute conversion of Cs to Cr (p<0.05). Thus, the PF1000 was chosen for the further studies. Tissues of endometrium were collected at the follicular stage (days 19-21), and exposed to Cs (300 nM) or Cs (300 nM) combined with oxytocin (OT, 100 nM) in the presence or absence of PF1000 in 4 h. The PGE and PGF secretion in cultured endometrial tissue did not affected by Cs and Cr converted from Cs. PGE and PGF production regulated by OT was higher ...
Sara Mohamed Hemeda1, R.H. Sayed2, Hani Hassan1, Sheima A.E.2, Hassan Aboul-Ella3, R. Soliman3*
...o be delivered to end-users immunochromatographic lateral flow kit (LFK) has been developed for the detection of β-lactams antibiotic residues in dairy milk. The developed LFK is based on a competitive immunochromatographic format using anti-antibiotic-specific polyclonal antibodies. Specific artificially induced active acquired polyclonal antibodies production were performed in female New Zealand rabbits against the following β-lactam antibiotics; ...
Yasmin M.M. Mahmoud
...of partially replacing berseem hay (BH) with broccoli by-products (BB) in goats, rations on nutrient digestibility, milk production, some physiological properties of blood and hematological profile. Animals were randomly divided individually into three comparable groups (eight does/group) in a comparative feeding trial. First group was received concentrate feed mixture (CFM) and BH (60:40 %) as control diet (T0). Tested grou...
Aiman Al Mufarji1, Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed1*, Rashid Al Zeidi2, Haitham Al Masruri3
...thermo-tolerance parameters and blood indices in subtropical ewes under heat stress. Eighteen ewes with an average weight of 50.3 ± 1.80 kg and aged 2.5 - 3.0 years were randomly allocated into three equal groups (six/group). The 1st and 2nd groups were assigned to Moringa oleifera treatments up to 50 and 100 g respectively and the 3rd group was used as a negative control. The 1st and 2nd groups were subjected to heat...
Oluwaseun Adetarami1*, Oluwatoyin Olagunju2, Babatunde Adebayo Oyebamiji1, Adegboyega Abel Odeyemi3 and Sina Basil Johnson4
...n cocoa smallholder farmers in Ondo and Osun States of Nigeria. Multistage sampling procedure was used to select (160) respondents. The primary data were collected through structured questionnaire. For the data analysis, statistical tools such as budgeting technique and logitistic regression were used. Results of the budgeting technique showed that each farmer of the FBS approach had a mean profit of ₦ 81,134.65 with a cost benefit ratio of 1.09. The results...
Muhammad Luqman1*, Adeel Mustafa1, Sheer Abbas2, Muhammad Yaseen1, Muhammad Umer Mehomood1 and Raheel Saqib3
... category of above 40 years of age and 70 respondents were recorded as illiterate. There were 75% of respondents (148) who claimed that there are multiple major income sources. The respondents who had a low level of poverty and a high level of poverty were the same in the study area. Among respondents, 25% said that they don’t have easy access to the local livestock market for selling animals and their products. Moreov...
Farzana Begum* and Gohar Ayub
...ield and quality parameters of okra. The average of two years results showed that maximum pod length (15.23 cm), number of seeds pod-1(58.09), seed weight pod-1(3.57 g), 1000 seed weight (g), seed yield (1.72 t ha-1), germination (79.61 %) and seed viability (91.85 %) were observed in seeds harvested from plants sown on March 30 as compared to seeds harvested from late sown plants on May 9. Highest hard seed (23.69 %) was re...
Syed Muhammad Amir1*, Shehzad Khan2, Asif Ali Abro3, Ehsan Inamullah4 and Tahir Mehmood5
...buying chemical fertilizers), and in terms of higher earnings from selling trees. In light of the findings from this research, biogas technology has been proved to have great potential to improve the quality of life of farming households which in turn would positively affect the agriculture sector. ...
Saima Mehar1 and Salma Javed2*
...osed at 24, 48 and 72 hours in different concentrations of plant extracts. During in-vitro condition inhibition of egg hatchability and J2 juveniles’ mortality varied according to the concentration of plant extract. WC=1 showed 100% mortality after 48 hrs of exposure at 1% with the lethal concentration (LC50) values 0.168 mg/land all four concentration are 100 % toxic at 72 h of expo...
Amal Ramadan Fawy1, Hussein Yousef Ahmed2, El-Sayed S.E. Shabana3, Mohamed Abdelfattah Maky4*
...ts of Egyptian beef burgers and study the effect of replacing beef fat with vegetable oils (olive oil and rice bran oil) on their quality. Twenty beef burger samples were collected from Qena markets, Egypt. They were divided into four groups based on their price; A, B, C, and D, with group A being the cheapest while the group D being the most costly. Proximate and quality analysis were conducted. Group D of Egyptian beef burger had a greater protein than ...
Widiastuti Ardiansyah1,3*, Osfar Sjofjan2, Eko Widodo2, Suyadi Suyadi2, Danung Nur Adli2
...n performance, feed conversion and egg weight were highly significant (p≤ 0.01) and from the results it was concluded that the best treatment was T4, namely basal dieting with the addition of 0.8% turmeric and 0.6% probiotics.
Keywords | Curcuma longa, Egg quality, Growth performance, Mojosari Duck, Probiotic
...
Mohamed E. El-Speiy1, Tarek A. Sadak1, Mohamed A. Abd-Elaal1, Ayman M. Khalifah2, Amr S. Morsy2*
...lity coefficient parameters compared to other treatments. In addition, carcass traits were improved by AG2, Zn, AG1Zn, and AG2Zn treatments. Regarding economic efficiency, each AG2 or AG1Zn and AG2Zn represented the most promising treatments. Results referred that an individual dose of (AG2) or its combination (AG1Zn and AG2Zn) maximizes the growth performance and economic efficiency of growing rabbits.
Keywords | Bioactive compo...
Amreen Zahra1*, Mushtaq A. Saleem2, Hasnain Javed3, Muhammad Azmat Ullah Khan4 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori4
... of HIV-1 for the very first time in Punjab-Pakistan including three regions of outbreak i.e. Kot Imrana Sargodha, Faisalabad and Gujrat. Drug resistance mutations such as T12A, I13A, K14R, I15V, K20I, T31S, E35D, M36I, N37D, R41K, K43X, R57K, Q61H, H69K, K70R and L89M were observed across several sites across the whole length of PR region among the isolates. A significant accessory resistance mutation V32I conferring a low level of resistance against non-nucl...
Ch. Muhammad Rafiq1, Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Misbah Rizwan2, Muhammad Arshad3, Muhammad Zeeshan3, Hamza Latif3, Usama Bin Khalid1, Shawaiz Iqbal1
...od for half of the world’s population. Brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is a serious insect pest of rice crops throughout Asia. In case of a severe attack, the whole crop turns brown called ‘hopperburn’ and farmers face great yield losses. The experiments were performed to evaluate the planting geometry and nutritional effects on...
Yasmin M. M. Mahmoud*
...ance, some blood parameters and hematological profile. Animals were chosen with an average body weight 15.40±1.99kg and divided randomly into three similar groups (8 kids/each). The 1st group (G0) was fed the control diet formulated from concentrate feed mixture and berseem hay with rate of 60 and 40%, respectively. Kids in the 2nd (G1) and 3rd (G2) groups were fed the control ration supplemented with 1% or 2%-DCHL as...
Dalia M. Aboelhassan1*, Inas S. Ghaly1, Noha E. Ibrahim2, Nermeen M. Shaffie3, Mariam G. Eshak1, Aboelfetoh M. Abdallah4, Ibrahim M. Farag1
..., causing various disorders to human and animal health. Hence, the present work is designed to investigate the capacity of Fagonia cretica extract (FCE) to inhibit bisphenol A-induced genotoxicity and histopathology in rats. In the genetic study, the assaying of expressions of IkBα and COX-1 genes in liver tissues, as well as the expressions of mdr1a and COX-1 genes in kidney tissues are evaluated. In addition, the histological architectures of these org...
Alsi Dara Paryuni1, Soedarmanto Indarjulianto2, Tri Untari3 and Sitarina Widyarini4*
... cultured onto Sabouraud’s dextrose agar medium. Hair and skin scraping were conducted at the day-1 (pre-treated with ketoconazole). Subsequently, infected cats were treated with topical application of 2% ketoconazole cream, twice a day for 21 days. Results showed that all of cats positive infected with Microsporum canis. Feature of the skin of cats infected by Microsporum canis demonstrates erythema, scale, crust, and circular alopecia. At day-21, antif...
Aiman Al-Mufarji1, Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed1*, Haitham Al-Masruri2, Rashid Al-Zeidi3
...veral studies on mammals’ production and health. The roles of microalgae and their purified compound as antibacterial, antiviral, antioxidant and anti-tumour have been well established. The valuable chemical constituents of microalgae include “proteins, polysaccharides, lipids, PUFAs, vitamins, pigments and other bioactive compounds”. The microalgae composition varies depending on species and nutrient availability for production. Genetic engi...
Zeinab R. Aboezz1*, Ayman S. El-Habbaa1, Rania S. El-Mohamady2, Samia A. Elnagar2, Ehab M. El-Nahas1
...ven now. Here, for the first time, we reported natural infection of HoBi-like Pestivirus in Egyptian cattle. Serum and ovarian samples were collected from cattle during the year of 2019. RT-PCR, viral isolation, sequencing, and phylogeny revealed that the primary causative agent was HoBi-like Pestivirus. Our HoBi-like Pestivirus strain, Egypt-020-1ncp, BVDV-Egypt-020-3ncp and BVDV-Egypt-020-2ncp, shared 99.6% homology with BVD3- B1-AU, 99.2% with BVD3- B5-3-MX...
Amany R. Sultan1, 2, Gamal A. Morsi2, Hoda El-Fayoumi1, Abdel-Azeem S. Abdel-Baki1*
...;">Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is the most common vegetables all over the word. In Egypt, tomato is extensively cultivated and considered one of the key pillars in the agricultural vegetables production. Pests are the main obstacle facing the tomato production worldwide. The tomato leaf miner, Tuta absoluta is one of the recent devastating exotic pests that is able to cause severe damage to the tomato crop and is very diff...
Basel A. Abokhadra, Samah M. Mosad, Sahar Abd El Rahman*
...charge under stress factors, so herpesvirus latency reactivation cycle is the hallmark of the disease. In the present study, molecular screening of 60 nasal swabs, collected from clinically suspected animals, was established by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting glycoprotein B (gB) gene. Six PCR positive samples were isolated on chorioallantoic membranes (CAMs) of 11 days old Embryonated Chicken Eggs (ECEs) for three blind passages. The CAMs showed thic...
Genevieve R. Tabon1,2, Noraine P. Medina2, Mary Rose D. Uy-De Guia3, Claro N. Mingala2,3*
...tify;">Improving the sow’s prolificacy was one of the major concerns of the swine industry. Genes associated with litter size are widely reported and studied due to their economic impact. Estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene has been linked to being one of the major genes affecting litter size in swine. The Philippine swine breed is not commonly used on a commercial scale but in backyard production. The aim of the study was to assess the allelic variation in ...
Atta Ullah*, Nasrullah Khan, Ataur Rahman and Rafi Ullah
...ed randomly about plants’ medicinal and folk uses in the park. One hundred and sixteen plants species belonging to 99 genera and 50 families were recorded and identified with the help of available literature. Of these, monocots were represented by 17 species under 15 genera and 5 families, while dicots were represented by 99 species belonging to 84 genera and 45 families. The results reflect that 24% of plants were used as fodder, 29% fuel, 20% medicinal...
Sajid Ali1*, Shahen Shah2, Muhammad Amin2, Asad Ali Khan2, Dawood Ahmad4, Ikram Ullah5, Faiq Ahmad2, Sajjad6 and Sikandar Azam1
...ps Section Harichand- Charsadda, Pakistan. The field experiment was conducted on 7 July 2021. Two levels of P (90 and 120 kg ha-1) and three levels of Zn (0 i.e., water spray only, 2.5 and 5 kg ha-1) were applied at three growth stages, full at vegetative stage (V6), full at reproductive stage (R2) and ½ at V6 and ½ at R2 stage along-with an overall control were used in the experiment. Randomized complete block design was used with three replicat...
Imtiaz Ahmed*, Imran Khan and Zia Ud Din
...mile and wild thyme powders were first mixed at equal proportions and wheat flour was then replaced with the mixture at 1 , 2 and 3 % incorporation levels, to prepare composite test bread.Total polyphenols, total flavonoids content and antioxidant potential of the wheat flour, chamomile powder, wild thyme powder, mixture of chamomile and wild thyme at the ratio of 1:1, control bread and composite test bread samples were perf...
Najmul Saqib* and Himayathullah Khan
A. El-Shemy1*, Hoda M. Mekky2, M. A. Bosila2, A. M. Allam1, Kh. M. Elbayoumi2, M. M. Amer3
...uffering from a short course of nervous signs, and mortality was high, reaching 75% within 3–4 days. Implementation of one-step reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for processed livers using specific primers aiming the 3D gene of duck hepatitis A virus-1 (DHAV-1) showed the output of the amplified band in all examined specimens...
Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Minh Thanh Tram1, Thi Thu Pham1, Tan Loi Le1, Thi Khanh Ly Nguyen1, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Cong Thieu Pham3, Nguyen Khang Duong4
...ymorphism, haplotype diversity and genetic distance to construct a phylogram. Results showed that the fragment of 687 bp was successfully amplified. Examination of 49 sequence variants in 599 bp of the control region revealed the nucleotide composition was Adenine (A) = 32.55%, Thymine (T) = 28.33%, Guanine (G) = 14.67%, Cytosine (C) = 24.87% and G+C content was 39.12%. Out of a total of 50 nucleotide polymorphic sites, 48 were transition and 2 were transve
Ziaul Islam1*, Asad Sultan1, Sar Zamin Khan1 and Sher Bahader Khan2
...antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) on growth performance, lymphoid organs weight, gut pH, microbiota, apparent metabolizable energy and nutrient digestibility of broilers. A total of six hundred, day-old healthy broiler chicks (Cobb 500) were procured from a local hatchery and were randomly allocated to five different dietary treatments. A basal diet formulated with corn-soybean meal (CON; without any additives) served as con...
Hui Xu1,*, Ronghua Luo1, Yaping Duan1, Mingjia Chen1, Jiaxu Zhou1 and Xiaoli Shao2
..., hospital stay, and adverse reactions, lung function [the forced expiratory volume in the first second as a percentage of the predicted value (FEV1%), tidal volume (V-T), forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC)], peripheral blood Th17, Treg, Th17/Treg cells, soluble B7 homolog 3 (sB7-H3), galectin 3 (Gal-3), and lung surfactant protein A (SP-A) bef...
Baila Ahmad1, Muhammad Ammar Khan1*, Zulfiqar Ahmad1, Rana Muhammad Bilal2 and Asghar Ali Kamboh3
... obtained from the broilers given zinc (Zn from ZnSO4) supplements (T0, T1, T2, and T3 @ 0, 10, 20 and 40 ppm, respectively of finisher diet from 21 to 42 days). Initially, the pH, expressible moisture (EM), water-holding capacity (WHC), instrumental color, drip loss (DL) and cook loss (CL) were measured. Afterward, the effect of processing (25°C, thermal treatment for 15 min, refrigeration for 3 d, and pressure treatment of 196 N for 15 min) was evaluated...
Limei Yuan1, Kong Yang1* and Dechun Jiang2*
...on morphological characters. The research on the genus Rhacophorus sensu lato faces major challenges due to their complex interspecies relationships, and the phylogenetic status of many species are still unclear, which hampered the taxonomy and protection of these species. In this study, we investigated the molecular phylogenetic status of R. laoshan and Z. yinggelingensis using mitochondrial DNA (12S rRNA, tRNAVal, 16S rRNA...
Sameena Gul1, Sayyeda Hira Hassan1, Amara Maryam1, Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1, Muhammad Khan*1, Muhammad Irfan2, Farah Rauf Shakoori1 and Javed Iqbal Qazi1
...f different type of cancers has synergistic effect in combination treatment with other common clinical drugs (cisplatin, taxol, doxorubicin and vinblastine) by modulating chemotherapy response to cancer cells as compared to clinical drugs alone. This review enlightens the possible mechanisms by which EGCG overcome chemo-resistance and recover efficacy of many clinical drugs in various human cancers....
Abdullah Channo1*, Asmatullah Kaka1, Qudratullah Kalwar2, Imdadullah Jamali3, Ghulam Jelani2, Muhammad Bakhsh4, Ghulam Nabi Dahri5 and Jai Parkash Goil6
...many reproductive disorders and cystic ovarian disease (COD) is one of the important disease which cause major economic losses to farmers. COD affects fertility of animal which is important to reproduce young ones, that occurs due to negative impact factors on hypothalamus-pituitary stalkand normal function of the ovarywhich leads to alteration in follic...
Makhamadi Abramatov1*, Abdurakhim Kuchboev2, Bakhtiyor Ruziev3 and Khumoyun Sobirov2
...rticle describes the diversity of gastrointestinal nematodes in domestic ruminants of Uzbekistan. Nematodes were collected from the gastrointestinal tract of 611 small ruminants and 105 of cattle during the 2018-2020 in the farms of in Uzbekistan. These nematodes represented 28 species, including sheep - 25, goats - 21 and, cattle – 22 of these 27 species belonged to in are geohelminthes, and only 1 species was biohelminthes the main core of nematodes of...
Xinjun Zhang1,2, Pengyong Wang1,2, Huimin Ju1,2, Yanhong Wang1,2, Yang Yang1,2* and Guoqiang Zhu1,2*
... allele I, papG allele I’, papG allele II, papG allele III, focA, focG, sfaS), virulence-associated genes (sat, cdtI, cnf1, hlyD), iron uptake system encoding genes (iroN, iut, ireA) were investigated, and the ability of biofilm formation was examined. In addition, UPEC in invading T24 cells, cytotoxicity, immune response and synthesis of proinflammatory cytokines were discussed. The results showed that fimH was 100% detected, followed by iut, iroN, and ...
Madiha Khalil1, Amjad Farooq1, Asim Faraz2*, Abdul Waheed2, Nasir Ali Tauqir3, Riaz Hussain Mirza2 and Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq2
...valuate non-genetic factors affecting the lactation traits. For this purpose, data on lactation performance of Holstein Friesian cows were collected from government livestock farms located at Quetta. Data obtained on calving from 608 cows during last sixteen years (2000-2016) were analyzed. After editing the data for consistency and errors it was subjected to statistical analysis using fix...
Tariq Mehmood1, Muhammad Arif Khan1, Ayesha Safder Chaudhry1, Kamran Ashraf2, Muhammad Mohsin Ali1,3, Muhammad Faisal Ayoob3*, Mudassir Hussain4, Farrukh Saleem3 and Muhammad Fayaz3
...ockage, peritonitis, tumors and diverse local injuries and lesions are corrected by resection of the intestine. Twelve cats were subjected to 3 variable degrees of jejunal resection, i.e. group A (20%) and group B (40%), while group C (0%). Sampling was performed on days 0, 15, and 30 to test various clinical and biochemical parameters. Results showed weight loss in all groups until day 15...
Muhammad Zaeem Abbas1, Khurram Ashfaq1, Amjad Islam Aqib2, Mughees Aizaz Alvi1*, Muhammad Haleem Tayyab1, Muzafar Ghafoor1, Muhammad Usman Naseer3, Ali Abbas4 and Ali Hassan1
...and associated risk factors in dairy buffaloes. In this regard, milk and urine samples were individually collected from 96 buffaloes and analysed by Ross Modification of Rothera’s test and Abbott Precision Xtra™ meter to assess the ketone bodies levels. We observed a total of eight out of 96 (8.33%) buffaloes positive for ketosis. The peak prevalence (13.3%) of ketosis was detected during the third week of lactat...
Muhammad Hammad Fayyaz*, S. Murtaza Hassan Andrabi and Muhammad Shafiq Haider
...n the extender. In the first experiment, semen samples from each of the five mature bucks were pooled and diluted in Tris-citric acid (TCA) extender containing Glutathione (0.5mM, 1mM), L-cysteine (5mM CYS, 10mM CYS), and control. In experiment 2, semen samples (n=5) were diluted in TCA extender containing differential doses of combined antioxidants (0.5 mM GLU+ 5mM CYS, 0.5mM + 10mM CYS, 1mM GLU + 5mM CYS, 1mM GLU + 10mM CYS and Control). At post-thawing, pro...
Abdul Hafeez Mastoi1, Muhammad Rashid Nizamani2, Shafique Ahmed Memon3, Jun Jiang1, Xiang-Shun Hu1* and Tong-Xian Liu1*
...idae) population parameters to selected high temperatures (27, 30, 33, 36, 39°C) on 5 cultivars of pea, Pisum sativum L., was determined in laboratory testing. Of the 5 pea cultivars and 5 temperature levels included in our study, the highest values of the population parameters of net reproductive rate, intrinsic rate increase, finite rate increase, ...
C.A. Angel-Sahagún1, J.E. Ortega Palomares1, A.A. Hernández-Rangel1, C. Cruz-Vázquez2, R. Montesinos-Matias3, M. Valencia-Posadas1 and A.M. Cruz-Avalos4*
...enic when exposed by immersion at a concentration of 1x108 conidia/ml, causing between 10-100% mycosis at ten days post-inoculation. Four isolates identified as Bb9, Bb6, Ma9 and Ma10, were the most pathogenic as mycosis reached 100%, which places them as potential candidates to be used as biological control agents....
Yuxia Zhang and Kong Yang*
... effects of habitat factors on the distribution and abundance of intermediate hosts of E. multilocularis. Plateau pika (Ochotona curzoniae) act as the main intermediate hosts of E. multilocularis, whose effective cave density was 0.03/m2 to 0.32/m2, and it was negatively correlated with altitude at a high value (p = 0.010). Altitude regulates the distribution and abundance of plateau pika by influencing food resources and their fertility, which in turn affects...
Harpreet Kaur* and S.S. Hundal
...ted as potential biomarkers to assess toxicity levels, hence the activity of these enzymes were assessed to study imidacloprid toxicity. Inhibition of AChE activity was observed in both the earthworm species in all the doses of imidacloprid, indicating neurotoxicity. There was an initial increase in the GST activity followed by its decrease with the duration of exposure to imidacloprid. Imidacloprid is highly toxic to earthworm inducing physiological which may...
Jawaid A. Khokhar*, T. J. Ursani, Fareeda Memon, Samina Malik, Asif Soomro and Fareeda Shah
Khalid Javed Iqbal1, Irfan Baboo2*, Arshad Javid3, Noor Khan4, Hamid Majeed5, Azra Anwer1, Zahid Farooq2, Muhammad Altaf6 and Moazam Jalees7
...al impacts which can adversely affect the organism’s health and their environment. Current research was designed to study the possible toxicity of iron oxide nano-particles on common carp, C. carpio after exposure period of 96 hours by the analysis of their haematological parameters. Fish were segregated into three groups (10fish/treatment). The ir...
Tinda Afriani*, Zaituni Udin, James Hellyward, Endang Purwati, Adisti Rastosari, Dwiki Wahyudi
...roscopic quality parameters including the percentage of motility, plasma membrane integrity (PMI) and acrosome intact (AI). The result revealed that the average motility, PMI and AI of sperms bearing X- and Y-chromosome in the albumin gradient method was 58.33±10.32% and 60.83± 13.57%, 53.63±16.54% and 52.76± 8.88%, and 53.00±7.93% and 54.08±8.76%, respectively. In swim-up method the average motility, PMI and AI of ...
Reyad R. Shawish, Reda E. Hamed*, Zakaria H. Elbayoumi
...ealth risk to the consumers, followed by kofta, shawarma and burger, respectively. Besides that, positive samples were compared with the European Commission Regulations (EC) of the maximum permissible PAHs limits in the meat products (≤12 µgkg); so, 20 (25.0%) of the examined samples were compatible for human consumption safely. Conclusively, the present surveillance indicated the safety of some grilled commercial RTE meat products in Egypt for human ...
Abdul Ghaffar*, Niaz Hussain, Muhammad Nadeem, Khalid Hussain, Muhammad Aslam, Mudassar Khaliq, Muhammad Irshad, Zubeda Parveen and Muhammad Younas
... (78.12%) and each plant’s primary branches (64%). It was proved from the current experiment that Plants with secondary branches as well as pods may be focused on while assessing meaningful selection criteria for genetic improvement in chickpea....
Tooba Ather1, Muhammad Rafiq Shahid2*, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub3, Javed Iqbal2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta2, Muhammad Akram2, Naveeda Anjum4, Muhammad Rizwan6, Hafeezur Rehman5 and Umar Farooq5
...ture and can feed on diversity of host plants. Different concentrations of Pyriproxyfen and Buprofezin are Insect Growth Regulator (IGR) were bio-assayed against 3rd instar of CMBat Integrated Pest Management Laboratory, Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, during 2016. The results revealed that mortality of 3rd instar of P. solenopsis increased with increase in concentration of Pyriproxyfen and B...
Khalid Khan1*, Ahmed Farhan Saeed2, Sanam Wagma Khattak3 and Saima Liaqat4
...t the samples of 75 farmers from five tehsils of Lasbela namely Hub, Gadani, Uthal, Dureji, and Bela. Around 15 farmers were randomly selected and questioned in each of the tehsil. To achieve the objectives of study nonparametric correlation coefficient test and regression analysis are carried out. The study accentuated various factors which are responsible for the adaptation of poultry te...
Waleed Asghar1,2*, Ahmad Mahmood1, Farhan Iftikhar2,3, Bushra Ahmad4, Rehmat Ullah5, Muhammad Bilal5, Abdul Latif6*, Muhammad Arsalan6, Madeeha Khan6, Rizwan Latif7 Muhammad Ehsan7
... chemical-based fertilizers result in the deterioration of soil health and considerable economic loss. However, previous studies suggested that organic fertilizers can sustain soil health through improved soil microbial activities. Nevertheless, the effect of poultry compost and poultry fresh manure on P (Phosphatase) and C (β-glycosidase) related enzymes activities, nitrogen mineralization, and fungal biomass in the mo...
Masudul Haq Wani and Arshad Bhat*
...-2011 to examine and understand the process of urbanization in J&K UT and has laid its utmost emphasis on the urban morphology and degree of level urbanization. Attempts have also been made to assess the changes in workforce structure and food availability and consumption pattern in the UT over the years. The study also analyses the inter-district scenario of urban growth and its level and extent in to consideration. The...
Dede Kardaya*, Dewi Wahyuni, Elis Dihansih
... and phosphorus) parameters. Data were subjected to an analysis of variance and a Duncan’s multiple range test. Results revealed that meat cooking loss and fat content were significantly lowered (P<0.05) in ducks treated with treatment rations. No significant differences were found in other physical and chemical quality parameters. It was concluded that supplementation of 2, 4, an...
Mostafa El-Sebelgy1*, Hanafy Madbouly2, Sabry Tamam2, Nagwa Ata1, Kawther Zaher1
...RefSeq proteins and primers for multiple sequence alignment. Multiple extrinsic proteins [NS1, NS3 and VP3 of African Horse Sickness Virus (AHSV) and NS3 of Equine Encephalosis Virus (EEV)] were detected and at the same time, integration events were examined in this study. This research work entails unpredicted integration of foreign non-BTV viral proteins (NS1, NS3 and VP3 of AHSV and NS3 for EEV). The multiple sequence ali...
Muhammad Ajmal Khan1, Muhammad Yahya2*, Ali Hazrat2, Javed Khan3, Saeed Jan4, Tabinda Nowsheen2 and Inam Ullah5
Bibi Hajira*, Imran Khan and Zia-ud-Din
...consumer acceptability perspective. Therefore, the current study investigated the effect of incorporating red sorghum and barley flours in white bread on in-vitro starch digestibility, estimated glycemic index (eGI) and consumer acceptability. Bread was formulated by incorporating blends (equal proportion) of sorghum and barely flours at 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% levels, each. Composite bread ...
Umair Faheem1*, Qurban Ali2, Mussurat Hussain1, Abrar Ahmad3, Tamsila Nazir2, Ghayour Ahmad3, Idrees Ahmad3, Madiha Mobeen4, Hammad Hussnain3 and Nadia Hussain Ahmad3
..., Braconid wasps and Encarsia spps., which act to reduce the population of these notorious insect pests. Cotton plants shows genetic resistance or tolerance against these insect pests. In the current experiment six varieties of cotton i.e. CIM-496, CIM-534, NIAB-111, MNH-786 and Bt-121 were sown in the field under sprayed and un-sprayed condition to check the genetic resistance or tolerance against these insect pests and to also check the population of the par...
Syed Wajahat Husain Jaafry1* and Amber Fatima2
...pond to different neighbors at various points of genetic affiliation. Contrasting results and lack of molecular evidence in species recognition studies have made this topic more curious and complex. Some plant species compete more vibrantly for below-ground resources when an encounter with neighboring unrelated conspecifics as compared to related conspecifics (kin recognition). Some species increase competition when interacting with related and unrelated consp...
Athhar Manabi Diansyah1, Muhammad Yusuf2*, Abdul Latief Toleng2, Muhammad Ihsan Andi Dagong2
...he frozen semen. Parameters were motility, motility progressive, kinematics sperms, viability, abnormality membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity. The Bali-polled bull semen was analyzed by using CASA with the Sperms Vision Version 3.7.5 program. The results in this study showed that sperms motility in Bali-horned bull was significantly lower (P<0.01) than Bali-polled bull, Brahman, Limousine, and Simmental. The sperm...
Ochieng Onunga George*, Owuor Ndonga Millicent Florence, Mario Kollenberg
...contents), bones, and hairs. In contrast, liquid parts consist of blood, dissolved solids, urine, gut contents, and wastewater from slaughter operations and floor cleaning. It has been reported that Abattoir wastes can have negative impacts on the areas surrounding them by causing pollution and public health concerns. Therefore, this research was initiated with the main objective being to evaluate the Parasitological and Microbiological Characteristics of Wast...
Ramadan Sary, Asmaa M. Ibrahium*
...ary medicine, Cairo University. Four heads were dissected for morphological study and X-ray, other two specimens accommodated to CT. The skull of owl constructed mainly from the neurocranium, viscerocranium and the mandible. The cranial bone used for housing the brain; comprised of frontal, parietal, occipital, sphenoid and temporal bone while the bones of face formed of nasal, quadrate bone, zygomatic, palatine, vomer, premaxillary, maxillary and ethmoid. The...
Arsalan Maqbool1,2, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse1,3*, Eric Lim Teik Chung3,5, Abd Wahid Haron3, Mohd Azmi Mohd Lila5, Bura Thlama Paul3,4, Khaliq ur Rehman Bhutto3,6
... clinical and research perspectives. However, there is still a lack of understanding of this disease’s pathophysiological changes and impact on the reproductive system of affected animals. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine at the reproductive hormonal profile of female goats experimentally infected with Mannheimia haemolytica serotype A2 during rainy and hot seasons...
Taufiq Bachtiar1, Muftia Hanani2, Anisiyah2, Winda Puspitasari2, Wahidin Teguh Sasongko3, Teguh Wahyono4*
...n. The experimental factors were soybean genotype and soil pH. Results showed significant (p < 0.001) differences in fiber content, non-fiber carbohydrate content, and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) parameters among studied genotypes. There were significant differences (p < 0.05) between the two soil pH conditions for ash, organic matter, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fib...
Ahmed Abd El-Salam1*, Yasser Hamouda1, Salah El-Safty2, Ahmed El-Attar2
.... As a result, the study’s goal is to see how egg-shell quality differs between strains. From the two egg type breeder strains, 240 hatched eggs (120 eggs per strain) were picked at random. The layer breeder flocks were tested at four different ages (22, 33, 43, and 64). The purpose of this study is to investigate the differences in egg shell quality between the W-36 and brown hy-lines.Strain and age had a substantial ...
Gamilat A. Elsaid1, Weam Mohamed Baher1*, Eman Shukry1, Abeer E. Abd El. Ghafar2, Marwa Shalaby1
...y stores and street vendors at Mansoura city, Egypt. In addition, molecular confirmation, and detection of shiga toxin coding genes (stx1, and stx2) in the recovered E. coli isolates was done using PCR. Moreover, the inhibitory effects of potassium sorbate (KS) and Bifidobacterium animalis subsp. lactis on the growth of E. coli O26 were screened. The estimated MPN of coliforms and E. coli in kareish cheese collected from grocery stores were 3.44 ± 0.12 ...
Hamdy Abdala Elnagar1, Wael Mohamed Wafa1*, Abdel-Khalek El-Sayed Abdel-Khalek2
...-4 parities and 4.5-6 years old). In day 15 postpartum, cows were divided into four groups, 5 cows/group. Cows in the 1st group represented the control group without treatment (G1). In G2, cows were orally treated with 1.2 g NAC/100 kg BW for 7 days, while 100 ml of 2% NAC solution was infused intrauterine for 3 days for each cow in G3. Cows in G4 were received 0.6 g NAC/100 kg BW orally for 7 days and IU infused by 100 ml of 1% NAC solution for three days. Re...
Tahreer Mohammed Al-Thuwaini*, Ali Basim Abd Al-Hadi
... influenced by many factors, including ovulation rates, body scores, uterine capacity, and ewes’ body condition. Productive traits of ewes are known to be affected by lamb sex and body measurement. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the association of lamb’s sex with the ewes’ body measurement in single and twin pregnancies in Awassi...
Eman M. Aboelela1, Mohamed A. Sobieh2, Eman M. Abouelhassan3, Doaa S. Farid4, Essam S. Soliman2*
...gn: justify;">Animal owners should be well-trained to deal with the potential that arises from the lack of all the purposive biosecurity measures planned to meet all the demands of dogs and cats. The study aimed to conduct a seasonal cross-sectional survey on the point prevalence (PP) of ectoparasitic infestations in dogs and cats concerning some host, agent, and environmental determinants. A cross-sectional study was designed to last for four successive seaso...
Ali Basim Abd Al-Hadi*, Tahreer Mohammed Al-Thuwaini, Mohammed Baqur Sahib Al-Shuhaib
...ign: justify;">Many factors affect reproductive traits, including ovulation rate, hormones, and genetics. Genetics and endocrine signal transpositions between the pituitary and the ovary play a crucial role in the reproductive traits of sheep. Genetic polymorphism of candidate genes is associated with economic traits. Follistatin (FST) gene is one of the most notable potential candidate genes linked to economic traits. This study aimed to assess the genetic va...
Peyman Mohammadzadeh1*, Aida Rasuli2, Bahman Noroozi Gorgani2, Sajjad Mohammadi3
...anial and intraspinal courses, temporal were seen. Due to unilateral brain herniation, the tonsillar hernia was associated with hemorrhage and linear necrosis rather than only bulging. The corpus callosum and fornix had small areas of hemorrhage that indicated a sign of diffuse traumatic axonal injury. In histopathology, activated microglia and reactive astrogliosis were seen. The cause of death was TBI followed by eye blindness caused by toxoplasmosis, during...
Lyudmila Yakovlevna Rodionova*, Irina Valeryevna Sobol, Lyudmila Vladimirovna Donchenko, Artem Vasilevich Stepovoy and Andrey Georgievich Koshchaev
...tudy biochemical parameters (the content of dry substances, sugars, organic acids, vitamin C, carotene, pectin substances) of pumpkin varieties grown in the south of Russia. In the course of the study, standardized and modern methods of physical and chemical analysis of plant materials were used. The biochemical parameters of pumpkins were studied: the c...
Farmer’s Access to ICTs Tools and Productivity Enhancement in District Charsadda, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
Ayesha Khan*, Mohammad Tariq Aziz, Urooba Pervaiz and Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
... study focuses on farmer’s access to ICT tools for productivity enhancement in district Charsadda, the universe of the study. For selection of sample multi stage sampling method was used and respondents were selected from three villages namely Hajizai, Katozai and Batagram of tehsil Shabqadar. A sample of 112 respondents was drawn through proportional allocation technique based on 10...
Zahin Anjum1*, Farhat Shehzad1, Shaista Ali1, Sumbla Yousaf2, Amina Rahat1 and Hamid Ullah Shah3
...search observed the factors that might be helpful in minimizing the level of meat contaminants if practiced with traditional grilling procedures....
Muhammad Jamil1*, Kamran Javed1 and Imran Akhtar2
...akistan during recent years. Present study was carried out at Cotton Research Station, Vehari during 2019-20. The main purpose was to explore the genetic diversity in the strains under study. Principal component analysis, along with agglomerative hierarchical clustering tools were employed. Twenty-four recently bred upland cotton strains bearing diversified origin were configured in tripli...
Khaliq Dad1, Fenliang Zhao2, Rumsha Hassan3, Kainat Javed3, Humaira Nawaz4, Muhammad Usman Saleem5, Tahreem Fatima6 and Muhamad Nawaz3*
...ces by producing the adverse impacts because most of the famers have no idea of using these chemicals substances. Pesticides are absorbed by soil particles which are transported to plants as well as animals through food chain and severely affect the ecosystem by causing acute or chronic disorders in the people of all ages. Similarly these pesticides cause serious threats to the aquatic eco...
Amina Batool1*, Saba Aleem1, Ali Nawaz1, Muhammad Imran Khan1, Waheed Arshad1, Muhammad Aslam2, Shiraz Ali3 and Muhammad Zeeshan3
...of the most pivotal factors that significantly impact grain quality and yield in wheat. In wheat-based crop production system, it can be easily managed. An indiscrimination in seeding rate can lead to higher production cost but will also result in decline of crop yield and quality. Hence, the present experiment was designed to establish the optimal seeding density of three different wheat genotypes (Fatehjang-2016, Dharabi-11 and 16FJ17) of the Barani Areas to...
Zohair S. Mulla1*, Mostafa M. Abdelhafeez2
...knowledge, this is the first study to report isolation and identification of shiga toxin producing E. coli from retailed meat products in Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia.
Keywords | Ground beef, Sausage, Burger, Microbial status, E. coli, Organic acids
...
Rahmat Ullah Khan1*, Asif Sadam2, Karim Gabol1, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Sajid Mahmood4, Mustafa Kamal5, Hamid Ullah6, Syed Abidullah7, Muhammad Tufail8, Bashir Ahmad4, Gul Bacha Khan4 and Habib Ul Hassan1
...heir wing and tail feathers grew on an average of 3.8±0.3 day of age. On the 8th day, their average morphometry (cm) was: body length 6.7±0.1, wingspan 4.8±0.1, tail feathers 0.8±0.7, beak 0.7±0.3, chest 2±0.1, legs 2.02±0.5, middle claw 0.2±0.04, hind claw 0.4±0.04, and average body weight (g) 20.7±0.7. From hatching till the 3rd day of age, they were fed...
Lin Li1,2, Pingsheng Ye1, Xi Chen1, Shuping Yan1 and Yuanshu Zhang1*
...y acids reduced the precursors of milk fat synthesis and finally decreased the milk fat content....
Muhammad Furqan and Zulfiqar Ali
...Pheasants are bioindicators of our ecosystem and their population is declining. We investigated diet composition and threats to kalij pheasant Lophura leucomelanos to prepare conservation and management strategies in Azad Jammu and Kashmir, Pakistan. The diet analysis was done through crop contents of kalij pheasants, threats were assessed through field surveys, communities meeting, and data from 250 questionnaires during April 2020 and March 2021. Based on an...
Shambel Boki Dabi
...evaluate the Guder River’s water quality parameters for aquaculture purposes. In this study, parts of Guder river were divided into three streams (upper, middle, and down). From each stream, five sites were chosen. During the dry and rainy seasons, water samples were collected at a depth of 10 to 15 cm in plastic bottles from each site of three streams for laboratory study. Water quality paramete<...
Mudssar Ali1*, Muhammad Awais Ahmad1, Asif Sajjad2 and Shafqat Saeed1
...ffective insect pollinators. The sesame crop was grown during two years (2019 & 2020) at the research farm of MNS- University of Agriculture Multan, Pakistan. Abundance and diversity of native insect pollinators, their foraging behavior in terms of visit duration and visitation rate (number of flowe
Asma Fatima*, Ghulam Abbas and Shahnaz Rashid
... physicochemical parameters including phytoplankton and zooplankton diversity of marine water ponds at Thatta district, Sindh, Pakistan. Water samples were collected monthly (Jan-Dec, 2019) from different sites of the ponds and studied the total abundance of plankton in each month. During the study, physicochemical parameters of the pond water like temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, salini...
Qian Chong1, Muhammad Mohsin2*, Zhu Ting1, Chen Qiqi1 and Ana Mehak3
...iang province marine waters are a significant place of commercial fisheries in China as these resources are rich in fish fauna. However, decreased fish biomass catch has been observed during recent years, putting a big question about the ongoing stock status of commercial fisheries. Therefore, this paper strives to appraise the population dynamics of Trichiurus lepturus in Zhejiang, China which would help fishery manage
Muhammad Kashif Iqbal1*, Khalid Mehmood2,4, Shakeel Ahmed3, Fazul Nabi4, Muhammad Arif Rizwan1, Muhammad Kaleem1, Mushtaq Ahmed1, Abdul Waheed1 and Jiakui Li5
...sions in proximal tibiotarsal bone. The aim of present study was to investigate the antioxidant capacity of FK228 and role of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Flk-1 genes in thiram induced TD. One hundred and fifty broiler chicks were equally divided into 3 groups: control; thiram fed; and FK228 treatment group. Expressions of VEGF and Flk-1 genes were analyzed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) on day 10 and 14 post-hat...
Ali Hasan1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1*, Nasreen Muzaffer1, Shamsa Jabeen1 and Ali Hussain2
...h of Apis mellifera workers were studied under different experimental conditions. Significant weight gain was observed in workers of the experimental group 8 (pollen + Bacillus clausii in 50 % (w/v) sucrose in distilled water), group 9 (pollen + B. clausii in 50 % (w/v) sucrose in 2.99 % lactic acid), group 12 (pollen + Lactobacillus brevis in 50 % (w/v) sucrose in distilled water) and group 14 (pollen + L. brevis in 50 % (w...
Rida Haroon Durrani1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh1*, Masood Rabbani1, Muti-ur-Rehman Khan2, Aneela Zameer Durrani3, Salman Ashraf1, Muhammad Anas Naeem1, Muhammad Usman3 and Tauqeer Mahmood4
...uction in bacterial numbers with a mean log101.43, log101.17, log101.92 and log101.625 on 3rd and 6th dpc, respectively. The least reduction was seen in the birds that received cocktail intranasally showing log100.85 on the 3rd day. As a delayed treatment, oral delivery significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced count with a mean log101.2 and log101.55 on 3rd dpc, with efficiency decline on 6th dpc. No reduction was recorded for nasal delivery test subjects in delaye...
Mohammed A. Almujtaba1, Turky Omar Asar2, Salma Naqvi3, Vikas Kumar4, Fahad A. Al-Abbasi1, Abdulbasit I. Al-Sieni1 and Firoz Anwar1*
...its alkaline nature renders it a therapeutic potential. We aimed to determine the effect of Zamzam water in doxorubicin induced cardiac remodeling in rats. Male Wistar albino rats were divided into 4 groups (n=6) for 28 days of experimental protocol. Group-1 served as normal control (NC), group 2 as doxorubicin control (DC), group 3 as doxorubicin+ Zamzam treatment (DZ) and group 4 as Zamzam control (ZZ). Doxorubicin (1mg/ kg bw) was injected i.p. in DC and DZ...
Abid Ali1*, Safia Naureen Malik3, Muhammad Akmal2, Hafeez Ullah Rafa2 and Abid Subhani3
...were collected from farmers’ tube wells during random survey of four tehsils of Gujranwala district, i.e., Gujranwala, Kamoke, Wazirabad and Noshera Virkan. The water samples were analyzed in Soil and Water Testing Laboratory Gujranwala for electrical conductivity (EC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), residual sodium carbonate (RSC), chloride (Cl) a...
Tasya Nur Karina1, Osfar Sjofjan2, Tri Eko Susilorini2, Muhammad Halim Natsir2*
...iance (ANOVA) and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test (DMRT). The results show that the treatments had no significant effect (p >0.05) on production performance and egg physical quality. To sum up, using date palm (Phoenix dactylifera L.) has positive effect on the growth performance and egg quality of ISA BROWN laying hen because can be alternative feed ingredients to reduce production costs and maximize income.
Keywords | Dat...
Muhammad Kashif Maan1*, Rohma Shabbir2
...eaching hospital of University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore with the complaint of progressive exophthalmos with proptosis without pain, disturbance in ocular motility, visual deterioration, and chemosis. There was no evidence of presence of cyst in lungs and liver upon radiographic examination. Rhinotomy approach was used to enucleate the Cyst. There was no postoperative complication after enucleation of the Cyst.
Keywords | Exopthalmia, i...
Amira Adel Taha AL-Hosary1, Walaa Mostafa2*
...uent scratching of the ears, and head shaking with coffee-like waxy excretions. The epidemiological findings revealed that age and season significantly affected the prevalence of ear mange in cats (P<0.05). Young cats (less than a year old) were more infested (87.57%) than older cats (50%). Infestation rates were highest during cold months (84.44%). Sex and breeds had a non-significant effect on the infestation rate (P>0.05). According to the results of ...
Ahmed A. Mohammed1, Madeha H. A. Darwish1, Eman A.A. Negm2, Ayman S. Abdel- Maguid3
...of Probiotics with broilers feed shows good efficacy to improve its production. So this expermintal study aimed to examine the influence of the addition of probiotics in broiler diets on the economic outcomes of production. Total 120 broiler chicks were divided into three groups of fourty birds each (C, L, & H) fed with diverse concentrations of Probiotics. After the first week of trea...
Muhammad Haris Raza Farhan1*, Qamar Iqbal1, Tariq Jamil1, Muhammad Fayaz2, Abdul Kabir2,3, Eid Nawaz2, Marjan Ali2, Shumaila Manzoor2
...s found in the blood smears of some animals. Pox-like lesions were also found on the skin of some goats.
Keywords | Parasitic infections, Babesia, Malnutrition, Worm infestation, Stress
...
Guang Yin, Wencheng Kong, Yuqiang Shan, Jian Zhang, Rongchao Ying and Sixin Zheng*
...ifference in the parameters of Hep-3B cells after transfection of NC-siRNA (P> 0.05), but the expression level of TINCR and cell proliferation, invasion and migration ability were significantly reduced, and the expression level of miR-646 in the cells was significantly increased, which were statistically significant compared with the control group or the NC-siRNA group (P<0.05). In addition, transfection of TINCR-siRNA can also enhance the antiproliferat...
Zhaojun Wang1, Yang Zhou2 and Xinghua Song3*
... was given. The patients’ serum interleukin-1β (IL-β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were detected using ELISA method before treatment and 3 months after treatment; incidence of adverse prognostic reactions was compared between the two groups. After treatment, the observation group had 34 markedly effective cases and 21 effective cases, with total effective rate o...
Murat Durmuş* and Nazan Koluman
...and then carcass parameters were evaluated. According to the obtained results, there was no statistically significant difference between lambs and kids in terms of initial and final live weights and feed conversion ratios (P>0.05). However, the difference between the two species with regard to feed consumption and live weight gains during the 8-week fattening period were found to be significant (P<0.05). Considering sl...
Shujaat Hussain1*, Muhammad Saqib1, Khurram Ashfaq1 and Zia ud Din Sindhu2
...xiellosis, a widely dispersed zoonotic disease due to Coxiella burnetii, serve as a key trade barrier and adversely influence the productive and reproductive potential of animals. The current investigation was designed to determine the selective hemato-biochemical variations in dromedary camels due to subclinical coxiellosis. The study encompassed two groups viz, one group of 20 C. burnetii positive camel identified by Real ...
Effects of Antibiotics on Growth Performance, Immune Response, and Intestinal Microflora of Broilers
Shahan Azeem1*, Muhammad Akram Muneer2, Liaquat Ahmad3, Sameera Akhtar1 and Talat Naseer Pasha4,5
...feed efficiency of broilers. Forty-five day-old broiler chickens were randomly divided into five treatments and housed under identical husbandry conditions. Antibiotic-free poultry feed was procured from a commercial feed mill. The antibiotics were mixed in the feed as per the manufacturer’s instructions and offered ad libitum to the chickens for the entire study period. The chickens were vaccinated for NDV and AIV. No...
Hairul Islam M. Ibrahim1,2, Abdalla A. Sayed1,3, Abdel Naser A. Ahmed4,5 and Emad A. Ahmed*1,6
...ptotic and neuronal markers were evaluated using quantitative real time PCR and protein blots. Results showed that PCB inhibited the infiltration of inflammatory cells and improved the myelin protective proteins. It also positively regulated the antioxidants and apoptotic markers including Caspase-3, TGF-β, SIRT-1, CCL-2 and MBP. Moreover, PCB modulated the levels of inflammatory mediators
Md. Sabuj Rahman and Md. Mahmudul Alam*
...ladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, Bangladesh having atresia coli with atresia ani et recti. Bypass surgery was performed using incisional cecostomy techniques. After 10 days post-surgical administration of antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, a good prognosis in the calf was noticed. After 1 month, a mild skin problem occurred which was minimized simultaneously....
Idrissa Sacko1, Madou Dao1, Souleymane Sanogo1,2*, B. Michel Orounladji2, Kaly Diakité1, Diakaridia Traore3, Mamadou D. Coulibaly1, Amadou B. Cisse1
...gn: justify;">This study’s goal was to perform macroscopic and microscopic characterization of Anglo-Nubian × Sahelian crossbred goat’s semen in Mali. From January to August 2020, a total of 45 ejaculates have been collected from 03 bucks (5/8 Anglo-Nubian, 3/8 Sahelian Goat) using artificial vagina. Semen volume, mass motility and live and dead sperm counts (spz) were measured by direct reading and electro...
Omnia Mohamed Khattab1*, Hala Kamel Abdelmegeed2, Mohamed Mahmoud Mashaly1, Mervat Hamdy1*, Naglaa Hagag1, Ayman Hamed3, Hanan Aly Fahmy3, Essam Ibrahim4, Momtaz Abdelhady Shahein2, Elsayyad Mohamed Ahmed2
...tbreak was reported in horse studs, Egypt, in 2019. Investigating the role of EHV-4 in this abortion outbreak in mares using various molecular detection techniques were done using the tentative diagnosis by rt-PCR. The presence of 16 liver and spleen samples out of 20 (80%) from aborted fetuses were positive for EHV-4, but all were negative for EHV-1. Virus isolation trial for EHV-4 were done, eleven samples out of 20 (55%) on the CAM of ECE were positive. The...
Muhammad Khalil Nawaz* and Muhammad Akbar Khan
...present article is the first ever report on occurrence of enamel hypoplasia (EH) in extinct mammals of Chabbar Syedan. Three types of EH were observed: single linear hypoplasia, multiple linear hypoplasia and pitting enamel hypoplasia. Single linear hypoplasia is the most common type of EH observed in Chabbar Syedan mammals. The low occurrence (only 8%) of EH provide a clue for stable community and favorable paleoenvironmental conditions in studied site during...
Muhammad Akram1*, Muhammad Imtiaz Shafiq2, Amber Malik3, Farmanullah Khan4, Munir Ahmad Bhinder5 and Muhammad Sajjad6
... using the specific primers designed by Primer-3 software. GSTT1 and GSTMI genotypes were determined by comparing the sizes of amplified PCR product of genotypes with β Globulin gene, used as internal standard and 100-bp DNA ladder. GSTP1 genotype was determined using the PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism. Analysis of data was carried out using SPSS software Version 22.0. Statistical significance of p< 0.0...
Deepesh Kumar Bhuptani1, Atta Hussain Shah1*, Gul Bahar Khaskheli1, Zubair Ahmed Laghari2, Ghulam Shabir Bahram1, Muneer Ahmed Jamali1, Tarique Ahmed Khokhar1
...oxins are among key factors creating food insecurity. There are various forms of aflatoxin (AF) occurring in foods of plant origin (B1, B2, G1, and G2) and animal origin (M1 and M2). Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a geno-toxic carcinogen and is less lethal but it is still cytotoxic. The present study was conducted on prevalence and quantification of AFM1 in raw buffalo milk in Sindh province. A total of three hundred and fifteen raw milk samples (n=315) from dairy far...
Xinran Wang1,2 and Lizhi Zhou1,2*
...y by the vigilance partners through coordinated and synchronous vigilance modes. In this paper, we aimed to shed light on behavioral strategies adaptive to anthropogenic disturbances. Vigilance behavior of wintering Grus monacha was observed to assess the effect of traffic intensity on their vigilance mode at Shengjin Lake, a Ramsar Site in China. Disturbance intensity was divided into three levels, and the influence of disturbance intensity on collective vigi...
Eman A. Al-Shahari1,2, Eman R. ElBealy3, Abdelhalim A. Alkhazendar4 and Abeer A. Alm-Eldeen4*
... in the oxidative damage’s tolerance. Quercetin, a flavonoid has the ability to face the oxidative injury through its antioxidant activity. Therefore, the present study was designed to investigate the possible role of quercetin in modulating liver’s function and structure in aged male rats. Forty eight male albino rats (3 and 30 months old) were used. Half of the rats at each age received 200 mg quercetin/Kg ever...
Muhammad Jalees
...to convince their customers/consumers for selling their items. Electronic marketing is an integral part of SCM to attract consumers around the globe, which may extend to the next level when the incorporation strategy between the supply chain partners starts to exist. This study helps to analyze the relationship between SCM profitability, design elements,...
Samreen Fatima* and Muddasir-Uddin
...normal;">Portfolio managers, investors and policymakers are interested in predicting volatility to achieve higher profits or lower risk positions. Due to economic globalization and advancement in information technology, the financial market has become increasingly unstable therefore to understand the pattern of the volatility is difficult. This study aim...
Mehroze Amin1, Afifa Yaqub1, Qindeel Fatima1, Rabail Hassan Toor1,3 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1,2*
...ncidence of several cancers though it is not entirely true for breast cancer. In the present study, the effect of metformin has been studied on the expression of p53 and its interacting partners MDM-2, PIRH2 and ΔNp73 in breast cancer cell line MCF-7 and non-cancerous kidney cell line HEK2093. Analysis of the cytotoxicity and proliferation parameters showed that higher concentrations...
Jie Zhang, Na Li, Tingting Guo, Dandan Hu, Xiaofeng XU and Lili Zhang*
...ults showed that the diversity of rumen flora in the grazing group was significantly higher than that in the house-raised group (P < 0.01). In the grazing group, the abundance of 96 genera was significantly higher than that in the house-raised group (P < 0.05), whereas in the house-raised group, the abundance of only 24 genera was significantly higher than that in the grazing group (P < 0.05). At the phylum level, the abundance of Bacteroidetes, Firmi...
Noor Muhammad* and Shah Alam Khan
...use conditions, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar during growing seasons of 2018-2019. During this study, a total of two different experiments were carried out where, antixenosis experiment, comprised three levels; seedling, flowering and pod stage. In all the three stages, only genotype ‘KS-75’ proved as antixenosis resistant against the aphid compared to susceptible genotype Abaseen. The second experiment...
Chemoprotective Effect of Daphnetin against Benzene Induced Leukemia Cancer via Alteration of CYP2E1
Junling Liu, Chen Sun, Qiao Yu, Yanzhi Liang, Shanshan Lin and Meng Tian*
..., haematological parameters, deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) fragmentation and cell cycle regulatory parameter were also estimated. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was used for the estimation of messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1). Daphnetin treated rats showed the up-regulation of body weight as compared to other groups. Moreover, daphnetin reduced the blasts in leukemic rats...
Afifa Yaqub1, Mehroze Amin1, Qindeel Fatima1, Rabail Hassan Toor1,3, Saira Aftab1 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1,2*
...nd proliferation parameters by various cell-based assays such as neutral red assay and BrdU cell proliferation assay showed that higher concentrations were lethal for the cancerous cells. IC50 was found to be 12.6 µM. Further contextualization of the therapeutic potential of G9a inhibition was provided by expression analysis of the G9a gene and genes associated with cell proliferation, tumor suppression, and apoptosis. The gene expression of fibroblast g...
Zannatul Ferdous1, Abdul Goffar Sarder2, Mustasim Famous3*, Mahfuza Ferdous4, Shahabuddin Ahmed5 and Md. Amir Hossain6
...wth performance of broilers supplemented with Ginger and kalojeera and their effect on hematological parameters (TEC, Hb, ESR, PCV, and DLC). A total of 100 day-old Cobb 500 commercial broiler chicks were randomly divided into five groups (T0, T1, T2, T3, T4) and each treatment contain 20 broilers to carry out the work. The average initial weight of the chicks in all experimental groups wa...
Muhammad Hanif Chandio1,2*, Naeem Tariq Narejo2, Muhammad Farooq Hassan3, Faheem Sadar4, Nasiruddin Shaikh1, Bushra Ainy Dars5, Ghulam Abass6, Asma Fatima6 and Shahnaz Rashid6
...n cemented tanks at University of Sindh, Jamshoro, Pakistan. Different stocking densities were determined such as 10, 15, and 20 fish/m2were selected and placed in different treatments (I-III) with two replicates Fish were fed all parts of chicken (APC) with 10% of their body weight. The results of the growth trial indicated moderate variation among the treatments that, 10 fish/m2in T-I exhibited maximum growth (64.6 g) with 100% survival ratio as compared to ...
Nadia Farooq1*, Asad Ullah1, Mussawar Shah1 and Muhammad Idrees2
...ral land access on youth’s attitude towards agricultural occupation was assessed. For this purpose, 486 youth under the age group 15-29 years were randomly selected from 12 villages in district Mardan. The data were collected through a data collection instrument/ questionnaire. This study revealed that majority of the respondents was graduate, unemployed and belongs to farming families. Moreover, the majority of respon...
Mahmoud S. Sirag1*, Effat L. El Sayed2, Mahmoud M. Hussein3, Khalid A. El-Nesr1, Mahmoud B. El-Begawey1
...t of reproductive disorders and immunosuppression. To identify the pathological alterations and Immunohistochemical localization and distribution of BVDV antigen in the genital organs of persistently infected and acutely infected cows, this study was carried out on genital organs of thirty cows submitted to slaughter houses suffering from reproductive disorders. Pathologically, three mummi...
Aysam Fayed1, Mohga A Ibrahem2, Soha A. Hassan3, Mohammed Abdalla Hussein4*, Tamer Roshdy1
...ity and metabolic disorders like Type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and several types of cancer has made obesity a challenge for world health. The current study’s objective was to assess the antioxidant capacity of cranberry extract in high-fat diet-induced obesity. For eight weeks, 36 white albino rats weighing 197±10 g were selected at random to five groups: Group I was administered a regular diet; Group...
Xiangli Dong1,2, Shilin Mikhail Borisovich2, Jiji Li1,*, Jianyu He1, Zeqin Fu1, Yingying Ye1, Julia N. Lukina3, Olga V. Apalikova4 and Jianshe Zhang1
... protein expression vectors (MRC1 (1044bp)-pET32A and MRC2 (993bp)-pET32A). We performed SDS-PAGE analysis of the expressed L.c-MRC1 and L.c-MRC2 proteins and demonstrated high protein expression levels and purity. This study generates some essential molecular biology tools for the study of L. crocea MRC1 and MRC2 protein structure and function. These tools will enable us to better understand the biological functions of MRC1...
Umar Farooq Gohar, Attia Majeed, Bushra Muneer* and Hamid Mukhtar
...ic fungi is used as precursor for the chemical synthesis of the anticancer drugs. In the present study, for the isolation of podophyllotoxin producing endophytic fungi 30 plant (Podophyllum hexandrum) samples were collected from different localities of Pakistan. About 261 fungal strains isolated, among them 22 strains had the ability to produce podophyllotoxin. Maximum podophyllotoxin production (88.14µg/ml) was shown by fungal strain P-18, which was lat...
Muhammad Hassan Naseem1, Muhammad Mansha1*, Muhammad Triq1 and Peter C. Thomson2
... capacity of shisha smokers. Forty shisha smokers (case group) and 40 non-smokers (control) of age ranging 17-30 years were recruited in this study with their consent. Peripheral blood samples of case and control subjects were analysed to evaluate the effect of shisha smoking on blood pressure, BMI (body mass index) and blood paramete
Zaidi Zona, Zulfiqar Ali*, Rida Ahmad and Irfan Zainab
... and freshwater fish diversity of cold-water Indus River, along a 400-kilometer stretch from Raikot (upstream) to Tarbela (downstream) was examined during 2019. The river channel was divided into five zones such as Raikot-Basha, Basha-Dasu, Dasu-Pattan, Pattan-Thakot and Thakot-Tarbela. The mean water quality of study site was as follows: pH 7.32, air temperature 21.15°C, water temperature 15.9°C, dissolved oxygen (DO) 6.41 mg/L, Total Dissolved Solids...
Xiaoli Yao1, Xiaofang Yue2, Yue Yang3 and Guobin Zhang3,*
...ction, inflammatory factors and neurological function in patient with acute cerebral infarction. A total of 80 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into 2 groups each of 40 cases, regardless of gender, aged from 55-75 years, who underwent treatment in hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. Each group received routine treatment, in which the treatment group received LMWHC alongwith argatroban. T...
Xiaoli Yao1, Xiaofang Yue2, Yue Yang3 and Guobin Zhang3,*
...ction, inflammatory factors and neurological function in patient with acute cerebral infarction. A total of 80 patients with acute cerebral infarction were randomly divided into 2 groups each of 40 cases, regardless of gender, aged from 55-75 years, who underwent treatment in hospital from January 2018 to December 2020. Each group received routine treatment, in which the treatment group received LMWHC alongwith argatroban. T...
Maria Endo Mahata1*, Hamdan Sukri Lubis1, Takayuki Ohnuma2, Yose Rizal1
...ween natural pellet binders and dosage in producing pellet made of Miana plant as poultry feedstuffs. This experiment was administered in a completely randomized design with two factors. The first factor was natural pellet binders composed of brown seaweed Sargassum binderi, taro tubers (Colocasia esculenta (L.) S...
Nguyen Hai Quan, Nguyen Huu Van*, Nguyen Thanh Thuy, Vo Thi Minh Tam, Le Duc Thao, Le Duc Ngoan
...sions on ensiled sunflowers nutritive values. Change in organic matter was found with 0.7-2.3% unit in all treatments. In general, whole Aguara 6 sunflower can be ensiled and has a potential for ruminants.
Keywords | Sunflower, Biomass yield, Nutritive values, Additives, Ensiling.
...
Hanan Saad El-Samahy, Amani Abd El-Naby Hafez, Mohamed Talat Ragab, Disouky Mohamed Mourad*
...hat make the turkey farmers take far away from the turkey production as a result of difficult treatment, medication cost, difficult isolation of causative bacterial agents, weight loss, reduced fertility, and hatchability, so this study aimed to determine the bacterial causative agents using multiplex PCR as an accurate rapid diagnostic technique. Exudates of swollen infra-orbital sinus were aspirated and aseptically collected from affected turkeys of sevente...
Muhammad Rizwan, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed and Muhammad Arshad
...e indigenous citrus growers combating mealybug infestations on citrus....
Mutassim Abdelrahman1, Ibrahim Alhidary1, Majdi Bahaddi1,2, Mohsen Alobre1,3, Riyadh Aljumaah1 and Rifat Ullah Khan4, *
...he elements in all lambs’ tissues, except for the concentration of aluminum in kidney and rumen fluid, as well as Mn in rumen fluid. Moreover, Mn concentration in rumen fluid was significantly (P < 0.05) decrease with zeolite supplementation, with significantly lower values for lambs from T2 when compared with T1 and control (339.47 vs. 379.82 and 524.90 µg/g wet weight, respectively). Although the same trend was reported for Mn in the liver, no...
Shahbaz Ahmed1, Mubeen Ahmad1, Muhammad Razaq1* and Farhan Mahmood Shah1,2*
... on wheat aphids, predators, and yield characteristics under field conditions. The wheat crop was stressed at any of the tillering, booting, heading or grain formation stages by skipping irrigation during entire length of each stage. Unstressed wheat enjoyed irrigation at all four stages. Schizaphis graminum (Rondani) was the most abundant aphid species and coccinellids, the most abundant predators. S. graminum was least on ...
Hazem E. M. Hassanien1*, Awad M. M. Mahmoud2, Elsayed M. Abdel-Raouf1, Nabil M. Eweedah1 and Midhat. N. Nassif3
...um treatment and we didn’t obtain any effect due to interaction between prepartum x postpartum treatment. Feeding an acidogenic diet improved Ca postpartum status....
Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash1*, Hina Sharif1, Kanwal Rehman2, Sumbal Rasheed1 and Shagufta Kamal3
...vestigate the impact of arsenic trioxide (ATO) in impairing carbohydrate metabolism and therapeutic potential of resveratrol (RSV) to treat ATO-induced metabolic disorder. Twenty Wistar rats were used for this study; one group was normal control (NC), second group was exposed to ATO only while the other two groups received metformin (MF) and <...
Ejaz Ur Rehman1, Shakeel Ahmad2, Fathul Bari3*, Tanveer Khan2, Naveed Ullah Khan2, Abdullah Khan4 and Romaan Hayat Khattak2
...ollection for better understanding behavioral ecology and time budget activity of the species....
Faiza Ghazanfar1, Masood Rabbani1*, Aamir Ghafoor2 and Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq3
...ction caused by the members of Campylobacter species. The causative agent is Campylobacter that asymptomatically colonizes broilers during development and contaminates it during slaughter. Outbreaks mostly start from the ingestion of contaminated poultry products or infected water. Reducing colonization of Campylobacter jejuni in the gut can be useful in decreasing the contamination of the poultry. Different organic acids di...
Sharon Zulfiqar1, Mubashar Hussain1*, Kiran Aftab1, Muhammad Faheem Malik1, Rizwan Khursheed2, Somia Liaqat1 and Maimoona Kanwal1
...l and commercial parameters of three bivoltine silkworm races fed on local mulberry. The disease-free eggs of Chinese, Korean and Bulgarian races were obtained from Sericulture Research Laboratory, Lahore. The silkworm eggs were incubated at standard conditions. Larval rearing was maintained at standard rearing conditions of temperature (25 ± 1°C), Relative Humidity (75 ± 5 %), and photoperiod (12 light: 12 dark). The experiment was laid out ...
Saleha Tabassum1, Muneeza Zafar1,2, Munazza Raza Mirza1*, Muhammad Iqbal Choudhary1,3, Ikram ul Haq4, Imran Riaz Malik2, Ambreen Ansari1 and Mehtab Alam5
... use as alternative markers for TB diagnosis, and their possible involvement in disease pathophysiology. In the present study, we investigated the genetic association and frequency of CXCL9 and CXCL10 genes polymorphisms in TB patients of Pakistani population. A total of 260 study participants, including 122 with tuberculosis disease (TB) and 138 healthy control (HC) were included. Out of these 122 TB disease subjects (67%) were diagnosed with PTB (n = 82) and...
Qi Zhuo, Yuanchun Yao, Meisongzhu Yang*, Jinhua Chen and Miao Tian
...n in tissue samples; reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) real-time analysis of miR-216b-5p, HDAC8 mRNA expression in cell lines; MTT detection of cell proliferation; wound healing test and transwell assay were used to evaluate the ability of breast cancer cells to metastasize and invade; colony formation test was conducted to detect the effect of HDAC8 on the cells. We found that the expression of miR-216b-5p protein in breast cancer group was low...
Zhang Yan1,2 and Muhammad Mohsin3*
...efore, this study endeavors to estimate the fishery status of Trichiurus lepturus in Shandong, China. For this purpose, fishery statistics, 2007–2018 were statistically evaluated by surplus production models (SPMs). These models were applied to data through computer-based manually operated statistical routines, viz., ASPIC (a stock production model incorporating covariates) and CEDA (catch and effort data analysis). For the principal input (IP) value of ...
Victoria Rankotsane Hlokoe, Thobela Louis Tyasi*
..., head length (HL), withers height (WH), ear length (EL), rump height (RH), head width (HW) and sternum height (SH), and to detect the best-fitted regression model for the prediction of BW of Nguni cattle. A total of 70 Nguni cattle (59 females and 11 males) aged 2-4 years were employed in the current study. Pearson’s correlation and stepwise regre...
Saba Rashid*, Rehan Ashraf, Hafiza Faseeha Iftikhar, Zohaib Bilal Khan, Samreen Sanawar, Aamina Jamil, Misha Salam Bajwa, Manahil Riaz
...remor ...
Lukman Affandhy*, Muchamad Luthfi*, Yeni Widyaningrum, Dian Ratnawati, Mutia Primananda
... administration. Parameters that were measured include volume, acidity, color, consistency, mass motility, individual motility, spermatozoa concentration, viability, and libido. Data were analyzed using the ANOVA test. The results showed that the volume and pH of semen did not differ in all treatments, but treatment A showed cream color and thick consistency over treatments B and C. The mass motility and sperm concentration of treatment C with the dose and per...
Alexander Tsybulsky1*, Eduard Kostetsky1, Anton Degtyarenko2, Michail Shchelkanov1,2,3
...f diagnosing animal cancers and improve the accuracy of differential diagnosis of benign and malignant neoplasms, in particular of the mammary gland (MG). Methods. Surgical material obtained after unilateral mastectomy with simultaneous hysterovariectomy, as well as peripheral blood samples of cats with MG tumours was used. Blood samples and surgical material obtained from healthy cats after a planned hysterovariectomy were ...
Abdulkhaliq A. Al-Janabi1*, Mohammad S. Alsalami1, Arkan B. Mohammed1, Abdulkhaliq A.R. Al-Douri2
...wth rates, blood parameters and lipid profiles in New Zealand (albino) rabbits. Twelve male rabbits aged 6-7 months with an average initial weight of 1308.00±39.97 g were used in this study. The rabbits were divided into three groups; the control group was treated orally with distilled water, and the second and third groups were treated orally with 150 or 300 µl Omega-3, respectively. The rabbits’ body wei...
Heba S.S. Salem1, Hend M. Megahed2, Marwa M. Sarhan2, Maha M. El Alem3, Gehan N. Alagmy3*
...s aureus (S. aureus). Thirsty-five naturally infected cases of rabbits with arthritis were screened for the prevalence of S. aureus as a causative agent. S. aureus was diagnosed in 40% of the examined cases via traditional culture methods and molecular confirmation using PCR. All tested S. aureus isolates were positive for virulence-associated genes (nuc, icaA, and Hlg). In an experimental trial, a total of 75 healthy rabbits were divided equally into five gro...
Khurram Sheraz* and Taj Ali Khan
...m (DWT) with different versions of Mann-Kendall (MK) trend tests for investigating the dominant climate systems characterizing the long-term time-series of the two most important meteorological parameters: mean air temperature (oC) and total rainfall (mm) for the different stations lying in the upper Indus River basin of Pakistan. The observed time series were categorized into monthly, seasonal, seasonally-based, and annual ...
Muhammad Jamil1*, Muhammad Hussnain Babar2, Aamir Hussain3, Rana Abdul Hameed Khan3, Hammad Hussnain4 and Saghir Ahmad4
...7%), respectively. The first four interaction principal components (IPC) were significant at (p<0.01) wherein the first two IPCs captured (68.4%) of the GEI cumulatively. Strain ST06 (FH-492) won four environs and was declared the overall winner of this trial. The Vehari location was the best location for cotton multi-environment trials (MET) due to the bearing of minimum IPC-1 score. The correlation coefficient between s...
Auzair Javaid Butt, Irfan Ullah*, Shahid Ali, Khurram Nawaz Saddozai and Jahangir Khan
...t to facilitate the farmers for selling their produce at a reasonable price and make it accessible for ultimate consumers in preferred shape and location in the required duration. This research is carried out to analyze the existing marketing channels, marketing costs and margins of different market functionaries of potato crop in the selected villages of district Peshawar, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan in 2019. For this purpo...
Sarzamin Khan1, Abdul Jabbar Tanweer2, Rafiullah1, Ibrahimullah1, Ghulam Abbas3*, Jabbar Khan4, Muhammad Saeed Imran5, Asghar Ali Kamboh6
...d intake, FCR (feed conversion ratio) and body weight gain were recorded on weekly basis. The use of mealworm scales at level of 3g/kg in feed significantly (P<0.05) decreased feed intake, increased weight gain and improved feed conversion rate (FCR) as compared to other groups. A significant (P<0.05) increase in crypt depth and villus height of birds was recorded fed diet supplemented with mealworm scales (3...
Tarek A. Wrshana1, Yousry A. Dowidar1, Bahgat A. El-Fiky2, Ali M. El-Rify1, Walaa A. El-Sayed3, Basem M. Ahmed4*
Mohamed Saleh*, S.E. Laban, G.Z. Mostafa, S.T. Moubarak
... bedding material as a first step in reducing contamination of broiler breeder hatching eggs. In a closed broiler breeder farm where birds were housed on built-up litter, the two disinfectants were used for the disinfection of nest bedding (sawdust). Paraformaldehyde powder was mixed manually with nest bedding (5 grams per nest), while potassium peroxy- monosulfate 0.5% based disinfectant was sprayed in each nest. Random samples were collected before and after...
Desy Cahya Widianingrum1*, Himmatul Khasanah1, Melinda Erdya Krismaputri1, Susan Barbara Patricia Sembiring Meliala2
...mmol/kg) compared to wafers with VCO supplementation. In the addition of VCO without treatment (P0) increase the total digestibility of dry matter (78.89 ± 0.06%) and organic matter (78.49 ± 0.16%). Our results showed that VCO treatments have not negative effect on the rumen environment (pH and NH3 level), both protective and non-protective VCO, in the in vitro study. The findings that we can summarize are in the physical test treatments all of ...
Ezz Ibrahim Khalifa, Ahmed Loly Ibrahim Desoky, Adel AbdElaziz Elbadawy, Gamal Ibrahim El-Emam, Tarek Messlam Mahmoud Mahdy*
...serviced as trial extenders as E1, E2, E3, and E4, which supplied 0.50, 1.00, 1.50, and 2.00 % of BBE as natural sources of energy, antibiotic and antioxidant, respectively. Results indicated that adding BBE to E1, E2, E3, and E4 extenders has increased (P<0.05) in all sperm characteristics and biochemical activity of extender as compared to E0 extender through semen extender preservation. The best level of BBE is marked ...
Haitham Al Masruri1, Rashid Al Zeidi2, Aiman Al Mufarji3, Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed3, Ahmed Al-Madani4, Al-Hassan Mohammed5*
... its extracts on animals’ production and health have shown beneficial effects in several studies. The roles of M. oleifera and its extracts on nutrient digestibility, rumen fermentation and enzyme activities, growth and reproductive performances, antioxidants, and milk production and composition have been well documented. M. oleifera contains valuable chemical constituents such as proteins, essential fatty acids, vitamins, and beta-carotene. The M. oleif...
Iqtidar Hussain1*, Shakeel Ahmad Jatoi2, Muhammad Jawad Nazir1, Ehtesham Ul Haq1, Faheem Abbas1 and Muhammad Saqib Raza Shah1
...nd physiological parameters including number of plants emerged, leaves per plant, chlorophyll content, root and shoot length, plant fresh and dry biomass were studied. The strong phytotoxic effect of aqueous extract on all the studied parameters was recorded when applied @ 25 g L-1(w/v). The data revealed that aqueous extract produced an inhibitory effect on all the crops’ growth par...
Muhammad Riaz Gondal1,2*, Sobia Ijaz1, Nauman Ali1, Muhammad Saeed Ashraf1, Muhammad Naeem Khan1, Muhammad Arshad3, Muhammad Arif1, Jamil Akhtar4, Naeem Iqbal1 and Bushra Zulfiqar5
..."text-align: justify;">Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) in Pakistan is a vital forage Yield gap because of its palatable and nutritional nature that provides forage in repeated cuttings almost year round is mandatory to be addressed, that is the main focus of the present investigation. The recent investigation was performed to assess the impact of seeding rate consequently plant density on forage and seed tonnage in order to enhance the net return. Experime...
Sajid Hanif1, Abdul Shakoor1,4*, Muhammad Farrukh Saleem1, Ifra Saleem2, Sajid Ali3, Muhammad Awais Ashraf4, Majid Nadeem4, Hira Shair4, Anwar ul Haq5, Rana Abdul Hamid Khan6 and Muhammad Amir Amin7
...e the glasshouse of University of Agriculture Faisalabad. Treatments viz., control (no stress imposition) and stress treatments viz., drought; heat and combination of drought + heat stress effects were imposed at anthesis. Three different levels of foliar-applied proline included water spray, 10, 20 and 30-mM concentrations. Combined heat and drought stress increased unfertile tillers, unfilled grains and abortive, chalky an...
Allah Bakhsh1, Attiq Akhtar2, Fiaz Hussain3, Hafiz Wasif Javaad4, Inam ul Haq5* and Humara Umar5
...uring two consecutive years (2017 and 2018). Flowering in studied cultivars started from the end of March to mid-April. Maturity timing in all three cultivars ranged from early June to late June. Fruit of Black Ball cultivar matured earlier (first week of June) as compared to Gilgit Selection and Swat Local fig cultivars
Muhammad Jan1*, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah1, Javed Iqbal2, Muhammad Aslam3, Rizwan Latif4, Muhammad Arif5, Muhammad Tahir Akbar6 and Hafiz Husnain Nawaz1
...it drops. All these factors are the climatic factors dependent which can be controlled by proper irrigation scheduling, proper pruning and proper dose and source of fertilizer application at a proper growth stage. As a result, OFF season crop in once year and followed by ON year crop. Alternate bearing cannot be completely controlled but it can be minimized by adopting different approaches like mechanical pruning, pruning th...
Ghulam Qadir1, Khalil Ahmed1*, Muhammad Ashfaq Anjum1, Quais Muhammad Affan2, Muhammad Zaighum Mushtaq3, Muhammad Amjad Qureshi4, Amar Iqbal Saqib1, Hafeezullah Rafa1, Abdul Wakeel1, Ghulam Shabir1, Muhammad Rizwan1, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz1 and Muhammad Faisal Nawaz1
...y. Therefore, a three-years pot experiment was executed to explore the salinity tolerance of medicinal plants i.e., Podeena (Mentha spicata), Hina (Lawsonia inermis), Qulfa (portulace oleracea), Methi (Trigonella foenumgraceum), Dill (Anethum graveolens) and Kalwanji (nigella sativa), under dual stress of ECe (electrical conductivity of soil extract) 0.79, 6 and 8 dS m-1 and SAR (sodium adsorption ratio) 5.99, 25 and 35. Each crop was grown for four months and...
Muhammad Umer Chattha1, Muhammad Ilyas2, Imran Khan1, Athar Mahmood1, Muhammad Bilal Chattha3*, Ambreen Fatima4, Muhammad Iqbal5, Muhammad Tahir Akbar6, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal5, Faran Muhammad7, Muhammad Talha Aslam1 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
...assess the effect of diverse SS levels on growth, physiological and biochemical traits of chickpea cultivars. The experiment comprised of different levels of salinity stress i.e., 0, 8 and 12 dsm-1 and different chickpea cultivars i.e., NIAB-2016, Bittle-2016 and Bhakar-2011. The maximum time to 50% emergence (T50), and mean emergence time (MET) and minimum germination percentage (GP) and ...
Muhammad Mansoor1, Shahid Hameed Khan Khalil2*, Zafar Islam2, Muhammad Asif2, Ghani Akbar2, Muhammad Ashraf Khan3 and Ibadullah Jan4
...ocesses at the end. Growers are adapting some alternate options of making ‘Chuhara’ (dried dates) at Khalal stage instead of processed Rutab dates. Experiments were conducted to find out comparative yield potentials of ‘Chuhara’ as well as processed dates produced from the fruits collected from trees protected from rain-fall. The results show that BCR for fresh date...
Misbah ud Din1, Shah Alam Khan1, Said Hussain Shah1,2* and Najeeb Ullah3
... selected mustard cultivars under field conditions. The experiment was carried out in Split Plot Design with four treatments and three replications. The results showed that Thiamethoxam, Fipronil and Neem oil were effective against mustard aphids. After the first spray, the minimum mean numbers of aphids were recorded (8.49) on a variety of China in a plot treated with Thiamethoxam. In con...
Misbah ud Din1, Shah Alam Khan1, Said Hussain Shah1,2* and Najeeb Ullah3
... selected mustard cultivars under field conditions. The experiment was carried out in Split Plot Design with four treatments and three replications. The results showed that Thiamethoxam, Fipronil and Neem oil were effective against mustard aphids. After the first spray, the minimum mean numbers of aphids were recorded (8.49) on a variety of China in a plot treated with Thiamethoxam. In con...
Ghalib Ayaz Kachelo1, Nasir Ahmed Rajput1*, Muhammad Atiq1, Shahbaz Talib Sahi1, Nasir Ahmad Khan1, Akhtar Hameed2, Noor Muhammad1 and Muhammad Saqib Mushtaq1
...t is recommended to farmers that, Alternaria leaf spot disease of spinach can be managed by using tilt fungicide and moringa extract....
Farah Rasheed1*, Ana Aslam1, Muhammad Aftab1, Ghulam Sarwar2, Raheela Naz1, Hina Nazir3, Sadia Sultana1, Amina Kalsom1, Nisa Mukhtar1, Ifra Saleem1, Qudsia Nazir1, Muhammad Arfan-ul-Haq1, Abid Niaz4, Muhammad Arif1, Aamer Sattar1, Sarfraz Hussain5 and Adnan Rafique6
...ect of P and Zn fertilizers applied at different growth stages. The phytic acid contents in rice grains remained within safe limit in all treatments but lower grain phytic acid have been observed where only recommended dose of NPK fertilizers were used....
Amna Sulaman1, Qurat-ul-Ain Ijaz1, Muhammad Shafi2 and Faiz Muhammad1*
...nd has remarkable biodiversity. Turbinella pyrum is a marine species found only in the Indian Ocean. It is an economically important resource as well as a sacred animal. The meat of this animal is used in traditional medicine. T. pyrum is a less known species from Pakistani marine waters. This research validated its molecular identification as T. pyrum. The neighbor-joining results revealed that it clustered with the same sp...
Shailendra Sharma, Smriti Shrestha, Naresh Pandey and Laxman Khanal*
...re, identifying the factors affecting social behavior is important for managing animals in captivity. This study investigated whether visitors’ number and disturbance affect the grooming frequency and duration of the langurs (Semnopithecus sp.) housed in Central Zoo, Kathmandu, Nepal. Further, it tested if the effects were biased to the age and sex...
Djoko Kisworo*, Martina Safitri, BRD Wulandani, Bulkaini, Syamsuhaidi
...e replications. The Factors were the level of SSF (0%, 10%, and 20%) and storage time (2, 4, and 6 weeks). Data were analyzed according to the analysis of variance followed by the Least Significant Difference test (LSD). The parameters measured were the egg’s weight, air cavity, pH, and Haugh Unit of chicken eggs that were stored at room temperature for six weeks. The results showed ...
Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Pham Kim Ngan Nguyen1, Thao Huong Phan1, Tan Loi Le1, Thi Khanh Ly Nguyen1, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Cong Thieu Pham3, Cong Dinh Nguyen3, Nguyen Khang Duong4
...tudy aimed to better understand the genetic diversity of native buffalo populations in different regions of Vietnam based on nucleotide sequence in a displacement loop (D-loop) of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). Thirty-one blood samples that were collected from three native buffalo populations such as Bao Yen (BY: 7 samples), LangBiang (LB: 7 samples) and Thanh Chuong (TC: 7 samples) and two imported buffaloes from Thailand (T: 5...
Eman H. Abotalp, Sahar R. Mohamed, Jakeen K. El Jakee
...e contact with their owners, and so harmful microorganisms can be easily transmitted from them to human beings. The ongoing review applied to be aware assuming canines and felines in Egypt are colonized with unsafe E. coli serotypes and the antibiotic resistance in these E. coli isolates. A total of 129 rectal swabs were gathered from apparent healthy and diarrheic canines and felines. By using Vitek2 compact system, 42 E. coli isolates (32.6%) were resul...
Husmaini1*, Sabrina1, Firda Arlina1, Linda Suhartati1, Yozella Martilova2
...to carrier on laying hen’s performance and egg quality. This study used 210 layers of medium-type laying hens, Strain Isa Brown, 38 weeks old. The method used was an experiment with a completely randomized design (CRD) with seven treatments and three replications. The observed variables were ration consumption, ration conversion, egg mass production, hen day production (HDP), egg wei...
Rashid Al Zeidi1, Haitham Al Masruri2, Aiman Al Mufarji3, Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed3, Al-Hassan Mohammed4*
...cyte maturation is the first step for in vivo or in vitro embryo production. Oocyte maturation appears to be a simple step, but it is a very complex process. Maturation of oocytes include several changes at the cytoplasmic and nuclear levels that makes the oocytes able to undergo fertilization, pre-implantation and post-implantation embryo development. Oocyte meiotic maturation in vivo starts after LH hormone surge whereas i...
Sajid Ali1*, Shahen Shah2, Muhammad Amin3, Asad Ali Khan2, Sajjad Khan4, Dawood Ahmad5, Faiq Ahmad2, Maaz Khan2, Sikandar Azam1, Siddique Ahmad2 and Bismillah Khan2
...n Harichand, district Charsadda- Pakistan. Two levels of P (90 and 120 kg ha-1) and three levels of Zn (0 i.e., water spray only, 2.5 and 5 kg ha-1) were applied at three application stages (AS) i.e., full at vegetative stage V6 (AS1), full at reproductive stage R2 (AS2) and ½ at V6 and ½ at R2 stage (AS3) along with an overall control were used in the experiment. Randomized complete block design was used with three replications. Most of the stud...
Shahid Ali1*, Murtaza2, Waqas Ahmad1, Nargis Bibi3, Aftab Khan2 and Jahangir Khan1
...rming experience of farmers are considered the most important factors in allocation of inputs during production process. This study, therefore, aimed at evaluating effect of education and farming experience on technical efficiency of rice farmers in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A sample of 300 rice growers was drawn randomly using a multistage sampling ...
Nuraini Nuraini*, Yuliaty Shafan Nur, Ade Djulardi, Robi Amizar, Yesi Chwenta Sari
...nebrio molitor caterpillars in the diet. This stage used a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with five treatments and four replications. Provision of Tenebrio molitor caterpillars consisted of 0%, 3%, 6%, 9%, and 12% in the diet of laying quail. The parameters measured were feed consumption, daily egg production, egg weight, egg mass, and feed conversio...
Tertia Delia Nova1*, Yulia Yelita2, Rizky Machicula1
...on, weight gain and conversion as well as carcass, and abdominal fat during growth. The experimental results showed that the average feed consumption ranged from 4034.89 to 4207.40 g/head, weight gain was 710.22–889.84 g/head, and conversion was 4.8–5.9. The highest carotid weight was 0.09 m2/head with an average weight of 561.67 g and the lowest carotid weight was 0.05 m2/head with an average weight of 392 g. In...
Abdulaziz A. Alaqil1*, Mohammed I. Buhaya2
... LO did not show any adverse effects on the measured blood hematological or plasma biochemical parameters of the layers. It can be concluded that inclusion of LO into layer’s diets can be safely used to enhance egg production. Furthermore, LO inclusion might have a beneficial impact on reducing egg cholesterol content which can be considered as an ...
Sri Suharyati, Siswanto, Madi Hartono, Kusuma Adhianto*
...een from various parameters of sperm quality. Good sperm quality is very influential on reproductive efficiency. Vitamin E plays a role in male fertility because it can increase testicular weight, sperm count or concentration, sperm motility, and vitality. L-carnitine is an amino acid compound and is able to provide energy so that it can help improve sperm quality. The objectives of this research were to find out the sperm quality of Jawarandu goats after ora...
Nagina Zeb* and Noor ul Amin
...000 ppm) at Ornamental Nursery, Horticulture Department, The University of Agriculture Peshawar. The trial was arranged in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with split-split plot arrangement. Planting dates were reserved in main plot, cutting types were taken in the sub plot and IBA concentrations were in sub-sub plot. The average results of two years showed that planting dates, cutt...
Razaq Adekunle Animashahun1*, Gbenga Emmanuel Onibi2, Samuel Olanrewaju Aro2, Oghenerobor Benjamin Akpor3, Funmilayo Abimbola Okeniyi1, Olayinka Olubunmi Alabi1, Michael Babatunde Falana1, Ayoola John Shoyombo1, Samuel Oyewale Olawoye1
...hen incubated for 192 hours at room temperature. Samples were taken at 48 h interval for the proximate, minerals and anti-nutrients composition determination of the fermented cassava stumps. The experimental design employed was completely Randomized Design. The results showed that the fermentation media and the fermentation period significantly (P < 0.05) affected the nutritional and anti-nutritional components of the cassava stumps, as there was better enh...
Hassan Raza1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*, Muhammad Irfan Majeed2, Mujeeb-Ur-Rehman1 and Muhammad Asam Riaz1
...en infrastructures. Farmers rely primarily on direct applications of liquid insecticides which usually get off the target site resulting in unsatisfactory and short-term termite eradication along with environmental contaminations. This situation necessitates looking for more target-oriented and ecologically safer strategies such as baiting insecticides with some cellulose attractant. In this study, 5% technical grade fipronil was formulated as small beads (3.5...
Asim Faraz1*, Nasir Ali Tauqir2, Abdul Waheed1, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Syeda Maryam Hussain3, Riaz Hussain Mirza1, Rana Muhammad Bilal2, Muhammad Arslan Akbar4 and Muhammad Shahid Nabeel5
...lood biochemical parameters of Barela male camel under extensive conditions in Desert Thal Pakistan. The clinically healthy male Barela camels (n=5) from 6-10 years old having mean bodyweight of 680±50 kg was studied in breeding and Non-breeding season. The camels were fed with gram-straws, natural vegetation and twice day water. Deworming was performed before the start of trial. Haematological and blood biochemical p...
Ali Wahdan1*, Mahmoud Ezzat1, Fatma Youssef2, Manal Munier2, Elsayyad M. Ahmed3, Marwa Abo Hashem1
...and other virulence factors with genetic analysis of recovered isolates. A total of 350 random samples were collected from animals and hospital acquired infected patients. The recovered isolates were identified biochemically by vitek2 compact, confirmed by PCR and tested for sensitivity against varieties of antimicrobials. Three multi-drug resistant isolates carried ica from human abscess (A9), sputum of dog (A12), and cow mastitic milk (A13) were sequenced ...
Entesar Z. Eliraqy1*, Basant M. Shafik2, Yasser S. Hussein1, Abdelwahab A. Alsenosy3, Emad A. Abd allah1, Mohamed F. Saad1
...as a low-cost, it considers a natural source of chemicals for preserving, also enhancing activity of sperm during different period storage. Current paper gives an apprise on the usage of garlic (Allium sativum) extract as an alternative additive for sperm preservation in buffalo bulls at animal production research institute, Sakha, Kafr El-Sheikh Governorate, Egypt. The experimental protocol was designed as four groups (Control, G1, G2 and G3). Buffalo-bulls&<...
Veasna Chem1 †, Hong-Seok Mun1,2 †, Keiven Mark B. Ampode1, Shad Mahfuz1, Il-Byung Chung1, Muhammad Ammar Dilawar1,3, Chul-Ju Yang1,3,*
...gnize and detect animals’ temperature changes, which would be useful in farm animal production. This study investigates the possibility of replacing a contact thermometer with a non-contact thermometer and digital infrared thermal imaging camera (DITI) to detect the estrus of gilts. Seven gilts (129.21±2.51kg) were considered for this experiment. Each gilt was fed 5 ml of synthetic progesterone for 18 days, and the anus temperature was measured us...
Ayesha Khan*, Zubair Ahmad Khan and Urooba Pervaiz
...om all Agriculture Officers and 41% of the Field Assistants (randomly selected) of the three districts. Thus, the total number of respondents for the study was 81. The interview schedule was quantitative containing closed-ended questions restricting the respondents to choose from the given options. The majority (90%) of extension agents needed training and the most demanded areas for training were Integrated Pest Management (IPM), computer skills and technolog...
Shomaila Sikandar1*, Imran Afzal1 and Sadaf Sarfraz2
...t they are the contributors of severe health issues in livestock and humans. Every year mycotoxins infect different crops and animal feedstock by accumulating in the food and feed crops in the field and during transportation, which leads to the huge economic losses. Presently about 300 types of mycotoxins have been identified, while, aflatoxins, fuminisons, ochratoxins, trichothecenes and zearalenone are the major mycotoxins infecting food and feed crops. Cons...
Gudeta Nepir Gurmu, Tade Bitima Mulisa, Alemu Lenco Gemechu, Kegna Gadisa Amena and Gemechu Nedi Terfa*
...n consisting of eight (Bursa, Burkitu, Adi, Herena, Hortu, Letu, T/shaman, and Weyib) improved field pea varietiesand one local variety at west Showa zone Oromia region to identify high yielding varieties. The experiment was carried out using a randomized complete block design with two replications at Babich, Goda Hora, Chelia Rafiso Alenga, EjersaLafo, and Goromti locations. Data on yield and yield-related traits such as ha...
Irfan Shahzad Sheikh1, Syed Haseeb Shah1, Niamatullah Kakar2*, Mohammad Masood Tariq1, Muhammad Essa Kakar3 and Muhammad Zahid Mustafa1
...antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) are provided in poultry feeds as an additive on sub-therapeutic level. The in vivo study was designed to evaluate the effect of oxytetracycline di-hydrate (OXY) and tylosin phosphate (TP) on different blood physiological and biochemical parameters in broiler chicken. AGPs supplement alone and in combinations were provided as pre-starter (days 1-12), starter (days 13 to 24) and finisher (day...
Caiyun Ma1, Hebao Wen1, Lu Li2, Gaofeng Liu1, Chunjing Wang1, Yu Guo1, Shiji Fang1, Hongyu Wang1* and Changqing Liu1*
...knowledge, this is the first study to capture the emergence of Tibetan mastiff-derived CSPCs. Our study aimed to unveil the biological properties and differentiation multipotency of CSPCs. CSPCs were characterized by the clonogenicity, growth curves and karyotype analysis, respectively. The results showed that the CSPCs of Tibetan mastiff displayed self-renewal ability, proliferative potential, and hereditary stability. Moreover, the CSPCs of Tibetan mastiff a...
Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed*, Aiman Al Mufarji and Sultan Alawaid
... cells (PG) during the first stage of fetal development. The primordial follicles consist of oocytes surrounded by a single layer of pregranulosa follicular cells and they remain dormant in the meiotic prophase I stage. Primordial pregranulosa follicular cells initiate activation of primordial follicle and govern the development of dormant oocytes. The primordial follicles take about 6 months to grow and develop to ovulatory graafian follicles in cattle and hu...
Dong-Min Hou and Ding-Qi Rao*
... depend. Microplastics persist in the environment and spread throughout the planet through the atmosphere, ocean currents, wind and animals, and it of different shapes and sizes can directly or indirectly affect organisms and pose health risks to animals and humans. Therefore, the size and types of microplastics and their effects on different organs of different types of animals were reviewed in this paper. However, we found that the health risks posed by micr...
Fengbin Jin1, Xin Liu2 and Yanqiu Yue3*
...rate), blood-gas indicators and scores of symptoms before and after treatment between two groups. Additionally, we also observed the adverse reactions of patients in two groups. After treatment, the effectiveness rate of patients in the observation group and control group were 96.49% and 79.70%, and the difference had statistical significance (P < 0.05); besides, patients in two groups gained significant improvement in vi...
Madumetja Cyril Mathapo and Thobela Louis Tyasi*
...d between one and two years were used in the study. Testicular length (TL), scrotal circumference (SC), body weight (BW), body length (BL), heart girth (HG), rump height (RH), withers height (WH) and sternum height (SH) were measured. Pearson’s correlation and simple linear regression were used for data analysis. Phenotypic correlation outcomes ind...
Muhammad Waseem Akhtar1*, Khalid Mahmood Khawar2, Muhammad Naeem Akhtar3, Muhammad Rafique1, Khalid Hussain4, Sharmin Ashraf1 and Muhammad Fida Hassan1
...nd other quality parameters are affected by its infestation. This pest is controlled by phosphine fumigation and synthetic insecticides. Unfortunately, this pest has developed resistance against these pesticides. Moreover, with application of these pesticides, chemical residues may cause severe damage to non-target organisms. Host plant resistance against insect pests is considered best ecological approach to pest management. Keeping this in consideration, the...
Tariq Ali1,2*, Kamran1, Abdur Raziq1, Inam Ullah Wazir1, Anwar Ali1, Muhammad Ijaz Ali1, Muhammad Shuaib Khan2, Shakeeb Ullah2 and Sher Hayat Khan3
... clinicians and researchers associated with the dairy industry for designing prophylactic as well as therapeutic strategies for the control of bovine mastitis....
Arshad Mahmood Malik1*, Nigah Hussain1 and Nasim Akhter2
...ed to ascertain the factors effecting agricultural labour supply of irrigated area of Khushab District of Punjab. Primary data of three villages was collected having different cropping patterns and irrigation systems of the study area. Multivariate model was developed to ascertain the various socio-economic factors i.e., off-farm work, farm size, farming experience and family size, on changing dynamics of agriculture labour....
Maher Mohammed Yousef Alobaysi,1,4 Turki Albacker2, Waleed Alharbi2, Osama Almogbel2, Sadik Mohammed3, Fahad Al-Abbasi4, Vikas Kumar5 and Firoz Anwar4*
...cohort study that deciphers the alteration in stress marker and blood profile among trainee medicos during pre and post cardiac catherization procedure. Total 25 medicos were enrolled, only 10 were able to complete the criteria for the whole set of study, free from anxiety and were not on any medication before enrollment of study. Cortisol and white blood cells (WBC) count showed a significant difference in pre and post catherization procedures. Significant (P...
Gema Wahyudewantoro1*, Rahmi Dina2, Haryono1, Sekar Larashati2, Siti Aisyah2 and Sopian Sauri1
...een discovered for the first time in the swamp inside Muara Angke Wildlife Reserve, Jakarta, Indonesia. Balashark in Indonesia is originally distributed in Sumatra and Kalimantan. However, the fish was collected in the public waters of Java which is not its distribution areas. Fishing gear used was gill net with a diameter of 2 inches”.The characteristics, morphometric and meristic records are supplemented with water q...
Fatin Khalil*, Harinath Yapati, Zainab Al Blallam, Ronia Jose
...nce may help alleviate harsh weather and seasonal fluctuations while also maintaining the long-term viability of livestock farming as future climate challenges become more apparent. We generate new seasonal resilience phenotypes in this study, which indicate production performance and metabolic changes in response to changing weather. We examine the impact of calendar season (summer and winter) on animal performance resilience by assessing various paramete
Shou-Dong Zhang1,2,3, Dao-Xin Liu1,2, Dan Mou1, Tong-Zuo Zhang2, Jian-Ping Su2 and Jiu-Xiang Xie1*
... influenced by many factors and is crucial for survival. In this study, we measured the diet selection (Ei index) of plateau zokors (Eospalax baileyi) by comparing the composition of plant species present in overwinter caches and inside nearby quadrats of zokor burrow systems on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. Based on human volunteer taste-testing, or assignment using the Chinese Materia Medica Monographs, we divided the collect...
Muhammad Ismail1, Jabbar Khan1*, Zahid Rauf2, Khalid Khan3 and Muhammad Rafi1
...de polymorphisms (SNPs); rs9340799 (G>A) and rs2234693 (C>T) in ESR1 gene. The amplified product of 524bp of rs9340799 sequence of ESR1 gene was treated with Xbal restriction enzyme while amplified product of 451bp of rs2234693 sequence was treated with PvuII restriction enzyme. Nine patients were found homozygous and 8 were heterozygous for minor ...
Jun Wang*, Xiaoming Jiang and Zhiwei Sun
...s study represents the first report on LRWs of commercial fish species in the whole mainstream of the Yellow River.The LRWs of five species have not been previously record. These data can serve as important baseline for conservation and management in the Yellow River fishery resources, which is very useful for evaluation of the status of the river ecological health....
Lei Xu1, Qin Yang2 and XiaoYan Zhang3,*
...underlying clinical factors, a total of 94 patients who were subjected to the peritoneal dialysis for over three months in the Nephrology Department of XXX Hospital between January 2019 and January 2020 were enrolled into the experiment group (n = 94). Simultaneously, 94 healthy subjects who received the physical examination were enrolled into the control group. Prior to the enrollment, all subjects had the plain abdominal radiograph, and, according to the abd...
Amoon Danial1, Shahan Azeem1*, Sohail Raza1 and Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq2
...re significant risk factors for BoHV-1 infection in goats, however, age (> 2 years), was not a significant risk factor. To our knowledge this is first study in Pakistan investigating the role of goats in the chain of transmission of BoHV-1....
Huajun Lin, Wei Qu and Zhuxian Yu*
...d its effect on patients’ cognitive function. A total of 64 patients with ACMP treated in our hospital from January 2019 to March 2020 were selected as the research object, and these 64 patients were divided into an experimental group and a control group by random number table method. Patients in the experimental group were treated with Dex and ganglioside, and the control group was treated with conventional methods. The clinical treatment effects, conne...
Indyah Aryani 1,3*, Suyadi Suyadi2, Hartutik Hartutik2, Kuswati Kuswati2
Muhammad Rabiul Hasan1, Zannatul Mawa1, Muhammad Ashekur Rahman1, Selina Yeasmin2, Yahia Mahmud2 and Muhammad Yeamin Hossain1*
...sites (Sathkhira and Cox’sBazar) with the help of laborer in the presence of Principal investigator and research assistant. This study also revealed the maximum recorded length of A. granosa and first report of M. lamarckii from the worldwide water bodies. We observed maximum length of A. granosa was 7.50 cm (maximum recorded length) and 6.83 cm for M. lamarckii. Allometric coefficient (b) value was 2.61 and 2.83 for A...
Sajjad Ali1*, Atta ur Rahman1 and Sher Ali2
...the district. The region’s land is the most fertile and productive in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. Data were taken from the Agricultural Bureau of Statistics from 1990 to 2020, and the satellite imageries of the region were acquired from the United States Geological Survey (USGS). ARIMA technique is employed to get the forecasted values regarding Acreage, Yield, and Production of crops till 2050 in Peshawar valley. Remote sensing (
Muhammad Younas1*, Khalid Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Atiq2, Niaz Hussain1, Wasim Abbas3, Muhammad Azeem Khan4, Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Irshad1, Nasir Ahmad Khan2 and Muhammad Zubair5
...of onion. During both years of study, eight accessions (Phulkara, Texas Early, Cylon, Sunset, Red Gystal, Rubi F1, Red Flame, ON-14133) exhibited resistant response with minimum percent disease index (PDI) which ranged between 5-10%, followed by Mirpurkhas, Nasarpuri, HON-1069, Pania, Rubi F2, GSL-132, Red Moon, PK-1032, F-1122, Red Imposta, Early Red, Desi Large and Vrio-4 which showed moderately resistant response to A.porri with PDI of 11-20%, whereas, the ...
Muhammad Halim Natsir*, Osfar Sjofjan, Yuli Frita Nuningtyas, Danung Nur Adli, Lizar Basnelda, Dimas Frisky Apriyanto, Wahyu Tri Utami
...ng villus height and adverse microbial on Lohmann broiler chickens.
Keywords | Avocado, Clerodendrum, Growth Performance, Intestinal Profile, NanoTechnology
...
Reem M. Ramadan1, Fady Sayed Youssef2, Gehad Genidy Mohamed3, Sameh Hamed Ismail4, M.M. El-Bahy1, Shimaa Abdel-Radi1*
... C-Oo.Nc was evaluated versus five chicken Eimeria species oocysts. The immature oocysts were exposed to 5, 10, 20, and 40 ppm, each for 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 24, and 36 h. Percentage of sporulation inhibition in oocysts and comet assay were used to investigate the C-Oo.Nc destructive effects. The infectivity of sporulated oocysts exposed to LC50 & LC90 were evaluated by In vivo inoculation of broiler chicks. The results demonstrated that the increase in the rat...
Olufemi Bolarin, Sijuade Adebukola Adebayo and Sola Emmanuel Komolafe*
...imate change by yam farmers in Benue State, Nigeria was investigated in this study. One hundred and eighty (180) yam farmers were sampled for the study. Primary data was gathered with the use of interview schedule. Descriptive statistics and regression were used to analyze data collected. The result shows that the mean age of the farmers was 45.3 years a...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi
...des by small holder farmers under unregistered informal sector in vegetable farming has culminated in severe environmental pollution, increase in unacceptable percentage of residue in vegetables and resistance of nematodes to the currently used nematicides. This has prompted the evaluation of medicinal plants as probable sources of nematicides. A study was conducted in the screenhouse to evaluate the nematicidal potential of Tridax procumbens and Sida acuta (w...
Zulqarnain Haider1*, Muhammad Akhter2, Syed Sultan Ali1, Tahir Latif1, Rana Ahsan Raza Khan1, Awais Riaz1, Tahira Bibi1, Muhammad Ijaz3, Qasim Raza1, Mohsin Ali Raza4, Samina Sarfaraz1, Muhammad Iqbal1 and Muhammad Rafiq1
...t study, genetic parameters, agro-morphologic stability and clustering pattern of twenty promising elite basmati rice (Oryza sativa L.) lines including three checks were investigated in advance generation. Triplicated randomized complete block design (RCBD) was used during three consecutive years from 2016 to 2018 and the data were subjected to combined ANOVA, correlation, principal component, GGE biplots in order to demonst...
Onwusiribe Ndubuisi Chigozirim*, Okpokiri Chibuzo Ikechukwu, Agu-Aguiyi Fortune Nneka and Oteh Ogbonnaya Ukeh
...ices of smallholder farmers in southeast Nigeria. The policies, programs, projects, activities of private and public organizations to intervene on climate change-related issues are referred as institutional interventions. The study therefore, identified the institutional interventions and support available for farmers affected by climate change. In addition, identified the climate-smart practices used by the smallholder farm...
Sidrah Ashfaq1, Muhammad Nadeem1*, Muhammad Yamin1, Talha Afzal1, Muhammad Waqar Akram1, Rabia Anam1 and Ali Mehboob2
...d a capital of a country’s resources leading indicator. World’s energy focus is shifting towards alternate renewable, cheap and environment-friendly resources that can provide long-term sustainability for survival. Due to the fossil fuels depletion and their ever-growing cost, the need to shift focus towards renewable energy resources has increased a lot. To overcome the above-said problems, there is a need to lo...
Muhammad Shafiq1, Tehseen Ashraf2*, Sehrish Mushtaq1, Naveeda Anjum3, Muhammad Asim4, Muhammad Aqeel Feroze3, Malik Abdul Rehman4 and Marja Aziz3
...tions and growth regulators on plant regeneration of chili pepper genotypes (Seedex Pepper (SP), Loungi, Tatapuri, and Sanam) grown in Pakistan including. For both hypocotyl and cotyledon explants, SP was found to be the most sensitive among the tested genotypes tested. Maximum mean callus induction rate of hypocotyl was 76.6% in SP followed by TP (73.3%); Sanam (57.3%); Loungi (43.3%) respectively. Whereas in case of cotyledon maximum inductions rate was foun...
Robina Karim1*, Farhan Ali1, Ali Muhammad1, Nasrullah2, Azra3 and Tahir Mehmood4
...and 0.125 (2.17%) aged person (≥60 years). Based on calorie requirement at various stages of age of a person, an adult equivalent has been calculated as 5.271of actual household size 5.75. The results reveal that on average an adult equivalent consumed 243.48 gm flour, 142.86 gm meat, 249.19 gm vegetables, 74.04 gm of rice, 81.99 gm of pulses, 42.24 gm fats, 77.02 ml milk, 54.66 gm of s...
Hafiz Qaisar Yasin1*, Dora Marinova2 and Muhammad Naveed Tahir3
... inefficient use by farmers. Under the rapidly increasing water scarcity and climate change issues, it is inevitable to assess the actual economic value of canal irrigation water in Punjab. This study applied the Residual Valuation Method to assess the real economic value of canal irrigation water of four major crops (wheat, rice, cotton and sugarcane) in Punjab. The study found that the average economic values of wheat, rice, cotton, and sugarcane crops are P...
N. Wachida1*, P. M. Dawuda2,1, I. U. Ate3,1, P. I. Rekwot4, 2
...mones. Follicular diameters at 42 hr were longer (P<0.05) in hot dry season (8.088±0.52 mm) than in raining seasons (8.618±0.9 mm) and cold dry season (6.338± 0.68 mm). At 72 hr follicular diameters were longer (P<0.05) in hot dry season (17.006±1.41 mm) than cold dry (12.898±1.22 mm) and raining seasons (12.075±0.82 mm). Time to peak of oestradiol surges were shorter (P<0....
Zayed M.A1, M.F. Shehata1, I.M. Ismail1, Mona Mohammady1, M.A. Radwan2*
....05) percentage of offal’s was observed in G3 compared to G1 and G2 groups. Meat protein % was higher (p <0.05) in G3 than G1 group. Meat of the G3 group was less (p <0.05) tender than other two groups. The ultrasound Longissimus dorsi muscle area (ULDMA) and ultrasound fat thickness have a positive significant (p <0.05) correlation with carcass back fat and carcass Longissimus dors
Hagar Magdy Ahmed1, Mohamed Mahrous Amer2*, Khaled Mohamed Elbayoumi1 , Sameh Abdel- Moez Ahmed Amer1, Asmaa Mahmoud Matoaq1 , Mohamed Abdel Aziz Kutkat1, Gomaa Abd El-Rhim Abdel-Alim2
...ination with varying titers. Overall, the serological response at challenge day were significantly with higher titers in groups vaccinated with inactivated NDV genotype VII vaccines when compared with other groups. Regarding broiler performance parameters it was noticed that, there is no significant difference in body weight (BW) as well as feed conversi...
Hurriya Alzahra1, Susmiati Susmiati2*, Sri Melia3
... that can benefit people’s health. Fermented milk is a functional food derived from the fermentation of milk with probiotic lactic acid bacteria, specifically the Lactiplantibacillus pentosus HBUAS53657. This study aims to determine the antioxidant activity, total phenol, and organoleptic characteristics including the taste, aroma, and texture of fermented milk with orange juice added (Citrus nobilis L.). The study was based on a Factorial Completely Ran...
Rijumoni Daimari, Silistina Narzari, Jatin Sarmah*
...ible foods by the consumers. Therefore, the current study aims to examine the nutritional composition of edible viscera namely, liver, kidney, spleen, heart, large intestine and small intestine of Doom pig of Assam, India. The samples were collected from semi-extensively reared pig farms of Kokrajhar district, Assam. The approximate composition range of these edible viscera was found to be: moisture 50.67-68.47%, fat 0.47-9.85%, ash 0.16-0.92%, protein 6.85-22...
Marcos E. Bollido1,2*, Renell Jay G. Villaluz1,2 and Ronald L. Orale1
...ects on small-scale raisers in Catbalogan City was examined using mixed methods. Supply and consumption were forecasted using Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) models. Pork prices increased by 22-50% in 2021 compared to 2010 data. Live-weight pig prices also increased by 9-39% for the same year in review. It was noted that 27% of the supply was locally produced, and 73% were imported from other regions. Locally sourced pig supply is pegged at 53...
H. A. Aidaros1*, S. S. Khalafallah1, M. S. Diab2, Nehal K. Alm Eldin2, Halla E.K. El Bahgy1
...feed, feed from the feeders, water, drinkers, droppings, dust, swabs from walls, birds’ cloaca, worker’s hands, and wheels of vehicles. The results showed that there was a negative relationship between the prevalence of Enterobacteriaceae and the hygienic measures enforced in the poultry farms under study. The highest prevalence of Salmonella...
Shandana* and Ayesha Khan
...ogies (ICTs) tools, farmers can get timely, up-to-date, relevant, accurate technical information and advice and extension agents can effectively answer farmers’ abundant information needs. Thus, the present study was conducted to investigate the usage of ICT tools in agricultural extension services in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. For the study three districts (i.e. Swat, Haripur and Mardan) o...
Hafiz Kashif Ali1, Iftikhar Ahmad1, Mujahid Ali2*, Zahoor Hussain3, Muhammad Ather Nadeem4, Malik Abdul Rehman5, Barkat Ali6, Muhammad Iftikhar7
...e economic value to flowers growers globally. A study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of various bio-stimulants on yield and quality of stock. Three cultivars of stock, viz. ‘Cheerful White’, ‘Iron Rose’ and ‘Iron White’ foliarly sprayed by ...
Riaz Hussain1*, Adnan Ihsan2, Azaz Ali Shah2, Najeeb Ullah2, Hamza Iftikhar3 and Ranra Jalal4
... was carried in a farmer’s field in Malam Jaba (Swat, KPK) during 2019-2020 Rabi season to evaluate the efficiency of some selected botanical extracts against the key insect pests of green pea (Pisum sativum L.) and their effect on yield/cost benefit ratio. The randomized complete block design (RCBD) was followed with 9 treatments and a control each replicated thrice. Treatments including the extracts of garlic bulb (Allium sativum) @ 2%, tobacco dry lea...
Paulus Klau Tahuk*, Oktovianus Rafael Nahak, Gerson Frans Bira
...ange of 2 – 2.5 years with an initial body weight range of 158.333±31.565 - 195.333±22.189 kg. Cattle were divided into three ration treatment, where each treatment group consisted of 5 cattle. Ration formulations of T1, T2 and T3 contained fish meal levels of 4%, 8% and 12%, respectively. The observed research variables included consumption of nutrients and digestibility of feed, as well as cattle growth performance which includes daily bo...
Asim Ali Khan1, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan1, Yasir Iftikhar1*, Mustansar Mubeen1, Maham Sohail1, Sonum Bashir1, Malik Abdul Rehman2 and Muhammad Usman Ghani3
...s sinensis) and Feutrell’s early (Citrus reticulate cv feutrell’s early). The maximum disease incidence was recorded in Mosambi (90%), followed by Feutral’s early (74%) and Kinnow (57%). Mosambi was the most susceptible within the range of OD values (0.82-2.35) followed by Feutrell’s early (0.45-0.64) and Kinnow (0.25-0.56). The d...
Andi Hiroyuki1,2,*, Refina Sastya Qomariyuti1, Najmah Nur Islami3, Vanessa Ayu Sumirat4, Neni Anggraeni5, Mas Rizky A.A Syamsunarno2,6
...in hematological parameters, body temperature, GDP, body weight and liver and kidney weight p(> 0.05). However, there was a difference in heart weight and white fat tissue p(<0.05). In conclusion, Moringa seed oil can affect organ weight and blood hematological profiles like fish oil, but further research is needed to ensure that Moringa seed oil can be used as an alternative to fish oil substitute feed supplements.
Keywords | Organ weight, Morin...
Shakeel Ahmad1, Muhammad Israr2*, Rasheed Ahmed3, Anam Ashraf1, Muhammad Amin4 and Nafees Ahmad5
...kistan is rich in biodiversity and provides ecosystem services to the country’s population, especially the mountains of the northern highland. These areas have experienced extensive depletion of ecosystem services and are susceptible to fast LULC changes. Real-time monitoring and assessment based on spatio-temporal are important to know such LULC changes. This study examines LULC in the northern mountains of Pakistan f...
Mian Sabahatullah* and Maqsood Shah
...e) is recorded for the first from Pakistan. A new species Opiognathus nitidus M. Sabahatullah & Shah sp.nov. is described and illustrated. Five species of the subfamily Opiinae are reported for the first time from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The newly reported species are Areotetes carinuliferus, Indiopius fischeri, Phaedrotoma biharensis, Phaedrotoma angiclypeata and Xynobius maculipennis. New distributiona...
Naheed Zahra1*, Saira Batool1, Mubbashira Nazir1, Ghulam Akbar Malik2 and Iffat Batool3
...gn: justify;">It is universally recognized that women are playing valuable role in all segments of crop and livestock; but unfortunately, the contribution of women in agriculture sector is still underestimated. The purpose of this study was to investigate women’s involvement in farming and livestock in Pothohar, particularly in rain-fed areas of Punjab, Pakistan. The research was carried out at Thatti Gujran, one of Fa...
Sajjad Khan, Fahad Karim Awan*, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani, Muhammad Usama Hameed, Allah Bakhsh and Kainat Bibi
...ught tolerant oat cultivars. For the purpose in-vitro study was conducted at NARC fodder laboratory to study the response of two oat cultivars namely NARC and PARC Oat against drought and salinity stress. Salt concentration of 80 mmolLˉ¹ showed non-significant effect on germination % and shoot length of both oat cultivars except salt concentration of 120 mmolLˉ¹, but tolerance ...
Sonia Sumreen1, Muhammad Sharif2, Tariq Sultan1 and Ijaz Ali1*
...se soil and crop parameters over RP alone. The increase in soil P2O5 content, P uptake, grains, total dry matter, and straw yield of wheat was in the order RP+HA-10 > RP+HA-5 > RP > Control. This study conclude that RP can be used as P fertilizer efficiently when HA is mixed with it in order to increase P availability, nutrient uptake and wheat productivity.
...
Ejaz Ul Haq, Urooba Pervaiz*, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan and Ayesha Khan
...e problems faced by farmers in cultivation of off-season vegetables, evaluate the yield and income of off-season vegetables and the role of extension workers in creating awareness among farming community regarding off-season vegetables. Data were collected from 60 sample respondents from three circles (Mattani, Peshawar and Tarnab) through pre-tested and well-structured interview schedule during February- March, 2020. The re...
Sadaf Ansari1, Shahid Hussain Abro1, Abdul Jabbar Tanweer2, Abdullah Sethar3, Ghulam Abbas4, Sabahat Ansari1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1*
... and beef sold by retailors in district Hyderabad. During present study, 150 total meat samples, 100 from raw meat (beef=40, mutton=40, fish=20) and 50 from cooked meat (beef=20, mutton=20, fish=10) were randomly collected from district Hyderabad and cultured on different media for isolation of bacterial species. The isolated species were identified by different biochemical tests. The results showed that the contamination of bacterial organisms in both raw and...
Dede Kardaya*, Ayu Ratnasari, Dewi Wahyuni
...eat has a fishy aroma, harsh, and high-fat content, so it is less attractive to people in Indonesia. Asam gelugur (Garcinia atroviridis) leaves are known to reduce fat content in duck meat because it contains hydroxy citric acid. This study aimed to examine the effect of Garcinia atroviridis leaf meal (GALM) supplementation in fermented nonconventional diets on the percentage of spent layer duck carcasses. The study used a completely randomized design with thr...
Aulia Nurul Saputri, I Komang Gede Wiryawan, Dilla Mareistia Fassah*, Dewi Apri Astuti
...antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in livestock causes certain antibiotic resistance. Probiotic may be used as an alternative for AGP by providing microorganisms that have a health benefit for the host. This study was to identify the molecular characteristics of LAB isolated from the digestive tract of black soldier fly (BSF) larvae on different substrates as probiotic candidates. The LAB from the digestive tract of BSF larvae in chicken manure and palm kernel ...
Bilal Dik1, Saima Naz2*, Muhammad Sohail Sajid3,4
...ollection of lice, feathers of birds were carefully examined; an insecticide was applied on birds into a breathable paper bags from where lice were transferred to collection tubes. Of the 182 birds, 151 (82.97%) were infested with 21 chewing lice species including 8 species of Colpocephalum: C. apivorus, C. zebra, C. trachelioti, C. impressum, C. polonum, C. nanum, C. turbinatum, C. milvi, 6 species of Degeeriella: D. phlyctopygus, D. leucopleura, D. aquilarum...
Nurdan Urvaylioglu1*, Ogunc Meral1, Serkan Sayiner2, Ulvi Reha Fidanci1 and Arif Altintas1
...showed no proper parameters for diagnosing subclinical mastitis in dairy cattle and monitoring treatment efficacy. Acute-phase proteins have not yet been adequately studied and clinically used in dairy animals, routinely diagnostic and prognostic, but they are used in human medicine for these purposes....
Ahmed H. Massoud1, Mohamed S. Ahmed2, Moustafa Saad-Allah1, Aly S. Derbalah1, Ashraf Albrakati3* and Ehab Kotb Elmahallawy4*
...eated rats exhibited adverse signs and symptoms of toxicity. The results also depicted that cymoxanil was the most toxic of the tested pesticides, followed by Malathion and metalaxyl. The obtained histological lesions were correlated with the increased level of biochemical enzymes in target organs. Additionally, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity were obvious in rats treated with cymoxanil, meanwhile, neuronal and pulmonary changes were nearly the same in all d...
Semine Dalga* and Kadir Aslan
...as prominently located dorsally at the intersection of the last premolar and the first molar in both sexes. The infraorbital foramen was located dorsal to the second upper premolar tooth on the os maxilla. The septal process was shown to terminate with two ends in females and a single end in males. It was observed that the processus nasalisi of the os in...
Muhammad Ikram Ullah
...ive affected family members were recruited along with unaffected members, and whole blood was collected for genomic DNA extraction. A genome-wide scan was carried out on four affected members to establish homozygosity linkage. The analysis for genotype assessment was carried out, and three homozygous regions were identified. Whole exome sequencing was carried out to identify the mutation i...
Zain-ul-Aabdin Abro1*, Naheed Baloch1, Raza Muhammad Memon2, Niaz Hussain Khuhro2 and Iram Shaikh1
... zonata and Bactrocera dorsalis) (Diptera: Tephritidae) associated with mango and guava fruits were studied during (January, 2019 to December, 2019) to determine the population dynamics of these notorious pests in different climatic zones of Sindh Province. Steiner type (Tando Jam) traps baited with methyl eugenol and 5% pesticide were incorporated in the guava and mango orchards of Hyderabad and Larkana. Fruit flies were trapped in the field throughout the ye...
Habib Ullah Habib1, Malik Muhammad Akram2, Mujahid Ali1*, Tahir Mehmood3, Muhammad Manzoor4, Maqsood Ahmad3, Hasseb Ahsan1, Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal3, Malik Abdul Rehman5, Muhammad Mohsan1 and Ahsan Mohyo ud Din6
...y using soluble fertilizers. Fertigation was applied through drip irrigation according to the schedule derived through Crop Watt. Kinnow plants showed significant results regarding plant canopy, plant height, the average weight of fruits, the weight of large size fruits, the weight of medium size, the weight of small size fruits, number of fruits per plant, number of small fruits per plant, number of medium-size fruits per plant, and number of large size fruit...
Zain-ul-Aabdin Abro1*, Naheed Baloch1, Raza Muhammad Memon2, Niaz Hussain Khuhro2 and Waseem Akbar Qazi2
... zonata and Bactrocera dorsalis are the deleterious pests of several plant species. Trybliographa daci (Weld.) and Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Ashmead) are natural enemies of fruit flies widely used as bio-agents in biological control programs against Bactrocera species. In current investigations we inspected the infected guava and mango fruits from lower (Hyderabad) and upper (Larkana) Sindh regions for population surveillance of parasitoids during 2019. Th...
Farheen Shaikh*, Saima Naz and Nadir Ali Birmani
...artment of Zoology, University of Sindh, Jamshoro. The study was carried out from April 2015 –March 2016. Guinea fowls Numida meleagris (Linnaeus, 1758) were sprayed with Permathrin (Coopex powder) and ket on white paper sheets for about 32-35 minutes. The fowls were checked time to time after 2 to 3 weeks. The chewing lice were collected hand picking methods with fine brushes and preserved in 70-75% ethyl alcohol. The permanent microscopic slides with c...
Juweria Abid1, Shakeel Ahmad2, Humaira Wasila3, Tooba Asif4, Muhammad Farooq5* and Attaullah Jan6
...k for all tested parameters. These findings related to fresh and processed milk can be used by nutritionists, dieticians and health care providers in planning normal and therapeutic diet....
Dhiya Altememy1, Mohammad Darvishi2*, Samira Shokri3, Saber Abbaszadeh4
...roblast cells and Masson’s trichrome slides were used to determine the rate of collagenization, wound, and extracellular matrix. After the treatment, the size of the wound in the Tio2 N.P. synthesis by Origanum vulgare, Tio2 N.P. synthesis by carvacrol, methicillin, Tio2 N.P., and alginate pad groups of diabetic rats and alginate pad group of non-diabetic rats were determined 7.03 ± 1, 11.12 ± 1, 10.72 ± 1 ± 15.48 ± 1, ...
Ali Ahmad1*, Zubair Aslam1, Korkmaz Bellitürk2, Ehsan Ullah1, Ali Raza1 and Muhammad Asif3
...ify;">Inorganic fertilizers and pesticides have eliminated beneficial microorganisms, depleted soil fertility, and lowered natural resistance in crops, making them more susceptible to disease and having detrimental consequences for the environment and human health. To address these issues, we must turn to ecologically friendly alternatives like vermicompost tea and vermicompost, which not only increase crop growth and production while lowering diseases and pes...
Shakeel Ahmad1*, Humaira Wasila2, Juweria Abid3, Nazir Muhammad4 and Hazrat Usman5
...s and health care providers in planning a normal and therapeutic diet. Milk products contained phenolic compounds which show antioxidant activity....
Kokab Nazim1*, Asghari Bano1 and Ghulam Jellani2
...Forty-five tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) lines were evaluated for chilling tolerance using morpho-biochemical parameters. Experiment was performed in polytunnel conditions (30±2 °C) as control and open field conditions (10±2 °C) as chilling stress. After transplanting tomato plants were divided into controlled and chilling stressed. Chilling stressed set was placed in open field to apply stress...
Sonia Kanwal1, Muhammad Naeem1*, Zaib Un Nisa1, Rabia Farhat1 and Zia Ur Rehman2
...oats between 1.5 to 5 years age group were selected from Bahadar Nagar Farm, Okara, Pakistan. Both the sheep and goats were grouped into three different lactating stages: [lac I (n=10), lac II (n=10) and lac III (n=10)]. Blood samples were collected during all production stages and serum has been preserved at -20 0C and used to evaluate the differences in vitamin E, vitamin C, Triiodothyronine (T3), Thyroxine (T4) and Cortisol. The statistical analysis was don...
Yêyinou Laura Estelle Loko1*, Joelle Toffa1, Azize Orobiyi1, Gbèblonoudo Anicet Dassou2, Rolande Okpeicha1, Dieudonné Gavoedo1 and Alexandre Dansi2
...nteractions with the others characters influenced soybean grains susceptibility to C. maculatus. Soybean seed thickness showed the higher direct positive effect on soybean susceptibility to C. maculatus indicating that breeding should be done based on this trait to improve soybean seed resistance....
Chooi Lin Phooi1, Elisa Azura Azman1* and Roslan Ismail2,3
...r. Bokashi improved soil’s physical, chemical, and biological properties and eventually enhanced plant growth and yield production. Bokashi enhances the plant’s initial and later growth performance, including seed germination, seedling survival rate, fruit diameter, fruit size, fresh and dry matter, chlorophyll content, leaves the area, leaves number, plant nutrient, sugar, total soluble solid, organic acid, and ...
Ghulam Qadar* and Khalid Nawab
...aluate agriculture teachers’ competencies levels that are teaching agriculture subject at school level in different parts of the state. For this purpose, 250 agriculture teachers were selected from ten districts of Azad Jammu and Kashmir by using sampling technique and well-structured interview schedule of 5-point likert scale was prepared in light of the study objectives. In additio...
Ishtiaq Ahmad1,2* and Muhammad Akbar Anjum1
... to evaluate genetic diversity among 78 selected genotypes of Capsicum frutescens through morphological attributes. The diversity assessment based on morphological attributes indicated maximum fruit weight was gained in genotype AZRI-Selection-10-B (2.82 ± 0.26 g), maximum fruit length was observed in genotype Super-Hot F1 (6.79 ± 0.52 cm), however maximum fruit diameter was recorded in genotypes 36563 (26.42 &...
Asma Hassan*, Zuhair Hasnain, Muhmmad Asadullah, Syed Saqlain Hussain and Muhammad Abbas Anees
...ed to common cereals. It’s obligatory to obtain the maximum yield of quinoa under rain-fed conditions with a well-adjusted quantity of nutrients. To evaluate nitrogen (N) levels viz 55 kg ha-1, 65 kg ha-1, 75 kg ha-1, 85 kg ha-1, and 95 kg ha-1 and seed priming techniques water soaking, K2HPO4, K2SO4, and CaSO4 (2%) seeds for half-day used to find out effects on yield of quinoa. The maximum plant height (66.133cm) and the number of branches (5.667) were ...
Khalid Hussain1, Muhammad Younas1*, Niaz Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Muhammad Raheel2, Anees Akhtar3, Muhammad Irshad1, Munir Abbas1 and Farah Shabir4
...lso helpful for the farmers for timely management of fusarium wilt....
New Experimental Observations of Infanticide and Cannibalism in Northern Tree Shrew Tupaia belangeri
Dong-Min Hou, Hong-bi Peng, Wan-Long Zhu* and Zheng-Kun Wang*
...annibalism, wherein mothers kill and consume their offspring, commonly occur in various animal taxa. The extent of its occurrence in Tupaia belangeri remains unclear given the difficulty of observing infanticidal and cannibalistic behaviors. Here, we report observations of maternal infanticide and cannibalism in two female T. belangeri in two laboratory experiments. Our footage provides the firs
Yue Ren1, Ting Jia2, Hao Zhang1, Zhengkun Wang1 and Wanlong Zhu1*
... detail. But genetic diversity and skull adaptation within T. belangeri chinensis populations from different habitats remain largely unknown or are controversial. In the present study focuing on T. belangeri chinensis that from Mengla, Puer, Jingdong, Kunmimng, Chuxiong, Dali, Pianma and Lijiang. Using microsatellite approaches, we observed considerable genetic variation and high heterozygosity in T. belangeri chinensis popu...
Hasan Çelikyürek
...rtain environmental factors on the testicular size and body size of male Norduz lambs. In the study, testicular diameter, testicular length, scrotal length, and scrotal circumference were determined to be 2.98±0.10, 5.56±0.14, 9.76±0.16, and 14.08±0.20 cm in male Norduz lambs, respectively. Body length, chest width, chest depth, withers height, rump height, and chest girth were 50.25±0.55, ...
Nurcan Karslioglu Kara*
...ionship between age at first calving (AFC) and first lactation milk yield [adjusted 305-day (MY305)], reproductive performance [days open (DO), calving interval (CI)] and diseases (lameness, mastitis, metritis and dystocia) in Simmental dairy cows bred under Turkey conditions. A total of 1110 Simmental cows (first calving to second calving) were assessed according to study criteria. While ...
Ghulam Ali Bajwa1*, Zahid Rızwan2 and Muhammad Atıf Majeed1
...actioning of genetic diversity and gene erosion. In this study ten bivoltine hybrids were screened by heterosis using 11 biological and silk yielding quantitative traits. Heterosis was measured using multiple evaluation index (MEI), mid-parent heterosis (MPH) and better-parent heterosis (BPH), and hybrids were ranked using MEI and cumulative sub-ordinate function (CSF). The hybrids produced MEI >50 with the highest in PO206×J101 (63.2). All hybrids pr...
Muhammad Usman1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Nasir Mehmood2, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1 and Mamoona Chaudhry3
...ion of various risk factors with occurrence of Lyme borreliosis was also estimated via univariate and multivariate logistic regression. From each dog, blood and tick samples were collected and then tick species were identified. DNA extraction was followed by detection of 16S rRNA signature gene using B. burgdorferi s.l. specific primers through conventional PCR. We found that 4.3% dogs and 8.9% tick pools were positive for B...
Abhishek Pandit1, Suman Poudel2, Manish Gautam3* and Shambhu Shah4
...trus synchronization refers to manipulating the estrous cycle or inducing heat in a vast number of females in a given time period. Ovulation can be controlled by interrupting or influencing the wave-like follicular growth pattern. Estrus synchronization is achieved by shortening or prolonging the luteal phase using prostaglandins or exogenous progestogens, respectively. The selection of protocol depends on the assessment of resources, including facilities, lab...
Muhammad Jamil1*, Muhammad Ihsan Ullah2, Taj Muhammad2, Syed Waqar Hussain Shah3, Khezir Hayat4, Muhammad Zahid Aslam5 and Abdul Sattar6
...nd fibre quality parameters. Three upland cotton genotypes Viz., VH-402, VH-351 and VH-305 (check) were configured in a sub-plot using a randomized complete block design (RCBD) havinga split-plot arrangement with three replications. Eight sowing dates were arranged in the main plot starting from 1stMarch to 16th June with a uniform interval of two weeks. Data analysis depicted that sowing dates influenced all study traits significantly except for staple length...
Wael Mohamed Wafa1*, Mohammed Mahmoud Hegazy1, Mohamed Mohamed El-said Ibrahim1, Hamdy Abdala El-Nagar1, Rehab Fawzy Ismail2
..., some metabolic parameters, and pregnancy rate of Friesian heifers. Eighteen Friesian female calves (14.55±1.15 months of age and 205.0±16.09 kg LBW) were divided into three groups (6 in each) according to age and body weight. All groups were fed same diet; control group was untreated (CG), while those in the 2nd and 3rd groups were orally treated with 300 ml GL/head/twice/week (GG) or daily 25 g PF/100 LBW (P...
Hossam Mahrous Ebeid1, Ahmed Abdelkader Aboamer1*, Amgad Ahmed Abu Elella2, Ibrahim Mohamed Khattab3, Osama Hefny Matloup1, Fatma Ibrahim Hadhoud1
...lactating Damascus goats’ diets with DMSC on milk production. Three cannulated rams (50.60± 3.05 kg, body weight) were used to assess the ruminal degradability of DM, NDF, and ADF for DMSC using in sacco technique. Fifteen lactating Damascus goats (averaging 45.4± 0.5 kg, body weight and averaging milk yield 900±65 g/head/day) were randomly assigned to one of three treatments for 6 weeks to study DMSC&rs
Abdul Latif1, Shahid Sattar1, Fazal Maula2, Imtiaz Khan4*, Asim Iqbal3 and Said Hussain Shah1*
...s (Azadirachta indica, Persicaria hydropiper, Eucalyptus globulus and control (tap water) were assigned in Randomized Complete Block (RCB) Design in three replications. Influence of treatments on mean percent infestation of V. isocrates revealed that lamda-cyhalothrin resulted in lowest mean infestation (3.74±0.36) followed by bifenthrin (3.95±0.32), indoaxarb (4.35±0.28), cypermethrin (4.55±0.28), A. indica (8.00±0.50), P. h...
Midrar Ullah1, Nail Chand2, Abdul Kabir3, Muhammad Rasheed4, Hubdar Ali Kaleri5, Saqib Kakar5, Mubarak Ali4, Deepesh Kumar6, Asad Ali Shah1, Amir Shahb1, Muhammad Amir Khan1, Raza Ali Mangi7, Abdul Wahid Solangi5, Rameez Kaleri5,8*
...ur study various parameters were analyzed including feed intake, FCR, dressing percentage, weight gain, mortality percentage, weight of goblet and TFT thyroid function test were performed. In this experiment total 9 hundred broiler chicks were purchased from local market and randomly divided into two groups 1 control and 1 irradiated. These groups were further distributed in two more replications with 50 birds per replication using the random treatment design....
Shad Mahfuz1,2†, Hong-Seok Mun1,3†, Muhammad Ammar Dilawar1, Keiven Mark B Ampode1,4, Veasna Chem1, Young-Hwa Kim5, Jong-Pil Moon6, Chul-Ju Yang1,7*
...ded into 2 (two) incubators, control (conventional) incubator and the solar based incubator with 10 replicates each. The experimental duration was 10 weeks (70 days). Feed intake, body weight gain, electricity consumption, environmental parameters includes temperature, humidity, ammonia and hydrogen sulfide concentration were measured on weekly basis. There were no significant differences on the final body weight, average da...
Shabana Ehsan1*, Aneela Riaz2, Muhammad Amjad Qureshi1, Abid Ali1, Ifra Saleem3, Muhammad Aftab3, Khalid Mehmood4, Fakhar Mujeeb1, Muhammad Asif Ali1, Hina Javed1, Fraza Ijaz1, Anwar-ul-Haq5, Khaliq-ur-Rehman3 and M. Usman Saleem4
...growth and yield parameters of wheat. Total bacterial isolates were 50, out of which 15 isolates were found significantly positive for the production of siderophore and solubilizing of nutrients. The (SPS10) produced a comparatively high percentage of 46.2 % siderophore units, as shown by results between positive isolates. Out of 15 positive, 7 isolates significantly improved root/shoot growth over control in the growth chamber study. Inoculation with sideroph...
Khalid Khan1*, Mahmood-ul-Hassan2, Ihsan Ullah1, Haris Khurshid1, F.Y Saleem Marwat1, Salman Saleem1, M. Jehanzeb1 and Zubair Ahmad1
...w it is necessary to understand and utilizing the genetic diversity of sorghum hybrids for better crop production. In this study, crossing and selfing was done in parental lines of sorghum hybrids; such as A, B and R line system out of which 14 hybrids were finalized based on its morphological traits and statistically interpreted. Its genetic diversity is most important for exploitation of...
Pharaoh C. Sianangama1*, Brian Tembo2, Sylvia J. Harrison1, Rubaijaniza Abigaba1,3
...y among smallholder farmers. The study involved four treatment groups: distilled water (DW), urine from artificially inseminated cows (AIC), non-inseminated cows (non-AIC), and non-inseminated heifers (non-AIH). Free-catch urine samples, from 18 randomly selected dairy animals, were collected on day 15, 22, 30, and 35 after insemination and used at a dilution rate of 1:4. Maize seeds were soaked in different treatment groups...
Xiajun Zhang1, Jie Yang2, Wenjun Zhou1, Zhenshi Chen2, Weidong Wu3, Shaoru Zhang2 and Lihui Wang2*
...egy for tumor therapy. First, we have found lncRNA CASC7 is a poor prognostic marker of endometrial cancer. Then, ASPN was specifically expressed in endometrium and cell specific expression in basophils, among the most similar genes, we found TGF-β3. Moreover, lncRNA CASC7 acts on miR-26, and miR-26 was predicted to regulate ASPN. Next, Except for SMAD2 and XIAP, the expression of ASPN, TGF-β1, TGF-β2, TGF-β3, SMAD3 and SMAD4 genes in norma...
Syed Ishfaq Ali Shah1,3, Azaz Ahmad2 and Wanzhi Cai1,*
...quinquespinosa. The authors surveyed different locations of Pakistan for members of Reduviinae. In this context, Acanthaspis rafiqi Shah and Cai sp. nov., is described, including descriptions of genitalia and detailed illustrations giving important diagnostic characters. Interestingly, this species has relatively similar body size and color patterns including the structure of male pygophor...
Seasonal Diversity and Distribution Patterns of Birds in Agricultural Landscapes of Gujrat, Pakistan
Muhammad Umar1*, Mubashar Hussain1 and David C. Lee2
...al patterns in avian diversity and distribution of agroforestry, urban croplands and rural croplands of Gujrat, Pakistan from April 2017 to March 2019. We randomly positioned three one km transects > 500 m apart at each sampling point in all three study sites. We conducted both morning (0500-0800 hours) and afternoon (1600-1900 hours) surveys, recording all birds seen or heard along tra...
Zahin Anjum1*, Mubashra Tarana1, Shaista Ali1, Faryal Yousaf1, Amina Rahat1 and Sumbla Yousaf2
...ferent sites of the University Campus, Peshawar- Pakistan. The Atomic Absorption Spectrometry was employed for determination of Cu, Zn, Pb, Ni, Ca and Mg. Furthermore, a spectrophotometer was also used for the purpose of phosphorus (P). However, the analysis of sodium (Na) and potassium (K) content was done through a flame photometer. It was observed that gizzard had the highest concentration of Zn (24.84mg/kg), Pb (2.25mg/kg) and Ni (2.34mg/kg) while, had low...
Ahmad Nadeem1,2 and Rubina Arshad1,2,*
Sehrish Akram1, Abida Butt1* and Shakil Ahmad Khan2
...d, 3rd, 4th and 5th instars of silkworm. For treatment, leaf-dipping method was used and toxicity calculated after 48h exposure to the treatment. Both chemicals showed high toxicity against all instars of silkworm. However, results indicated that imidacloprid was more toxic for silkworm larvae compared to lead. The acute toxicity of imidacloprid formulation (IMF), imidacloprid technical grade (IMT) and Pb showed positive cor...
Sajida Batool*, Sitara Shameem, Kainat Malik and Aneela Iram
... or in different containers on the histology of the liver and kidney of mice. Forty adult male mice were randomly divided into four groups each of 10: Control group was given normal untreated feed, Direct group was fed on food pellets exposed to microwaves in oven tray directly, Glass group was given feed processed in the microwave oven within a glass container and Plastic group was given feed exposed to microwaves in a plastic container. The microwaves expose...
Ashira Manzoor1, Imran Ahmad Khan1,2*, Muqadas Sadiq3, Muhammad Omer Iqbal4 and Shaukat Hussain Munawar5
... the biochemical parameters against doxorubicin-induced myocardial damage in dose-dependent manner. The cardiac tissues showed marked improvement in extract treated groups as compared to doxorubicin treated group. This research indicates that the hydro alcoholic leaf extract of C. colocynthis have exceptional cardio protective potential as compared to toxicity induced by DOX. As a result, it could be used as an alternative medicine for the treatment of cardiov...
Nuraini Nuraini*, Yuliaty Shafan Nur, Ade Djulardi, Robi Amizar, Yesi Chwenta Sari
...y weight gain, feed conversion, carcass percentage, abdominal fat percentage, and taste of meat carcass. Phase 1 demonstrated that different substrate compositions had significant effects (P<0.01) on crude protein, fat, and larvae production. The conclusion of phase 1 was that treatment E (50% concentrate + 50% Tofu dregs) was an effective treatment and obtained protein content (71.13%), fat content (17.60%), and production of larvae (105.12 g). Phase 2 sho...
Zheng-Yong Wen1, 2*, Chuan-Jie Qin1,2, Bin Li1,2, Rui Li1,2 and Xiao-Tao Shi3*
...dings may expand our understanding about the evolutionary history and functional roles of Leptin in teleost, as well as lay a solid foundation for commercial production of darkbarbel catfish....
Xibin Liu1,2,3, Weijun Guan2,* and Dong Zheng1,*
... identified in humans, horses, and bovines, but rarely in ducks. We isolated and cultured cartilage stem/progenitor cells (CPSCs) from the articular cartilage of 14-day-old Peking duck embryos using the fibronectin adhesion method. The morphology of CPSCs was observed under an inverted microscope. Based on the growth curve test, we found that the growth mode of the cells was “S” type growth. The clonogenic assay was performed to determine the clono...
Sekobane Daniel Kolobe, Tlou Grace Manyelo*, Jones Wilfred Ng’ambi, Munyadziwa Felicia Dorcus Nemauluma, Emmanuel Malematja
... to obtain the feed conversion ratio (FCR). Gut characteristics were measured on days 21st and 42nd of age. Data were analysed using the General Linear Model (GLM) procedures of the Statistical Analysis System. FI, FCR, GR, and LW of both sexes were the same (P>0.05) across all treatments for the first 2 weeks. During the 3rd week, AKLM inclusion levels significantly (P<0.05) affected DM intake, FCR, GR, and LWs of b...
Ibrahim S. Abu-Alya1*, Nagwa I. Sheraiba2, Enas K. Aziz2, Noha A. Osman2, Afaf A. Kishta1
...) with a lower feed conversion ratio. Besides, garlic oil supplementation on fish diet at a 0.5% rate (T2) improved the overall body weight. The plasma biochemical parameters results indicate that garlic oil and/or ginger oil supplementation on the Nile tilapia diet at different levels raises markedly raises the T4 hormone level and reduces total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels. Moreover, administration of 1% garlic o...
Bnar Shahab Hamad1, Bushra Hussain Shnawa1*, Rafal Abdulrazaq Alrawi2
...immunohistochemical markers staining. The infected livers with hydatid cysts from the mice were processed for routine paraffin block technique. The sections of infected livers that were embedded in paraffin underwent immunohistochemistry. Several immunolabeled liver sections with anti-CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD68, and caspase-3 were examined under a light microscope. The histological alterati...
Qamar Javed Iqbal1*, Zainab Masood2, Asad Abbas3 and Sidra Munir4
... under different parameters. The iodine number of pumpkin seed oil was found to be 108 g I2/100g oil. This oil was epoxidized by 30% H2O2 which acts as oxygen donor and glacial acetic acid which acts as oxygen carrier using inert solvent (benzene) in the presence of acidic ion exchange resin (Amberlite IR-120) as catalyst. The effect of different parameters such as catalyst loading, temperature, stirring speed, molar ratios ...
Ahmad-ur-Rahman Saljoqi, Muhammad Tayeb and Muhammad Salim*
...n different wheat cultivars was carried out at Agriculture Research Institute (ARI) Tarnab, Peshawar Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP)-Pakistan during rabi season 2018-2019. Fourteen wheat cultivars i.e Wadaan-17, Paseene-17, Khaista-17, Ghaneemat, KT-2017, Pakhtunkhaw-15, PS-15, NIFA-Insaf-15, NIFA-Aman-15, Pakistan-13, PS-13, Shahkaar-13, PS-5, NIFA-lalma were planted in Randomized Complete Block design (RCBD) having three (3) repli...
Marat Kuibagarov1, Assylbek Zhylkibayev1, Dinara Kamalova1, Anara Ryskeldina1, Nurdina Yerzhanova1, Yerlan Ramankulov1, Alexandr Shevtsov1*, John A Angelos2
...ombinant pathogenic factors have been evaluated as alternatives to whole cell vaccines. Pilin is one candidate antigen for M. bovoculi, and is a key pathogenic factor necessary for attachment of M. bovis to the surface of the eye epithelium. To evaluate pilA diversity amongst Kazakh isolates of M. bovoculi, the pilA gene sequence was determined for 35 isolates of M. bovoculi. Ten genotypes (gNA1-gNA10) were identified which...
Nurul Isnaini1*, Ervin Kusuma Dewi Reksadinata1, Faizal Andri1, Tri Harsi2, Ida Zahidah Irfan2
...ne of the essential factors determining the reproductive potency of the bull because it is related to the growth and development of livestock organs, including their reproductive organs. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the characteristics of fresh and frozen semen quality of Aceh cattle at different ages. Three Aceh bulls were involved in this study. The semen was collected from each bull aged 6 to 10 years ...
Tinda Afriani*, Endang Purwati, Yurnalis, Jaswandi, Mangku Mundana, Adisti Rastosari, Anna Farhana
...isir cattle (aged 2-5 years). DNA was isolated and the targeted region was amplified using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Then the amplified products were sequenced. The results showed that the population of Pesisir cattle used in this study was polymorphic. There were 5 polymorphisms in the exon 9 and intron 9 regions, which were located at the 18 A>G, 213 T>C, +49 A>T, +232 A>C, and +252 G>A. There were 3 transition type mutati...
Ekechukwu Esther1, Ohanu Chinenye1, Ossai Nelson1*, Elijah Okwuonu1, Hinmikaiye Funmilayo1, Ngene Innocent1, Andong Felix1, Ikegbunam Clara2, Echude Daniel1, Ekeh Felicia1 and Odo Gregory1
...ology laboratory of University of Nigeria, Nsukka. The rats were divided randomly into six groups of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30%, 40% and 50% C. cajan diet respectively, with a total of 9 giant rats in each group. The diets contained protein, fibre, ash, fat and sugar /energy. Feed efficiency increased in the rats fed on 30% and 50% C. cajan. Crude protein digestibility decreased (P< 0.05) with increased levels of C. cajan. The values of plasma total protein, albumin...
Hayrettin Çayiroglu1*, Füsun Coskun1, Hüseyin Çayan1, Ayse Gül Filik2 and Ahmet Sahin1
...n and some blood parameters in lactating goats. In this study, ten lactating goats in the second lactation were used. Their milk yields were closer to each other. Experimental goats were divided into 2 groups as control (C) and Fenugreek (F), equally. They were individually kept in pen sized 2x2 m. C goats did not consume fenugreek seed while F goats were allowed to consume daily 50 g fenugreek seed for each just before the meal in the mornings. The experiment...
Siriporn Namted, Kanokporn Poungpong, Wiriya Loongyai, Choawit Rakangthong, Chaiyapoom Bunchasak*
...antibiotic growth promoters in pig diets. This article reviewed the effects of using different types of yeast extract (YE), their fractions, and the dosage as feed additive on the growth performance, immune function, and gut morphology of pigs. Inconsistent results have been reported for the various yeast products utilized in the animal feed industry, with differing types of YE processing (autolysis or hydrolysis) and differing doses/responses. In a feed addit...
Lobna M.A. Salem, Nashwa O. Khalifa, Marwa O. Abd El-Halim*
...lysis of forward and reverse sequences of the ITS2 of the rDNA gene that amplified in 300bp. Out of 286 slaughtered animals {88 sheep, 26 goats, 68 cattle, 25 buffaloes and 79 camels} in the regions of Qualyobia, 51 (17.8%) had Fasciola spp. morphologically {27/51(52.9%) were identical to F. hepatica while 18/51(35.3%) were identical to F. gigantica, 3/51(3.9%) were larval stages and 3/51(3.9%) mixed infections}. DNA from 10 flukes extracted, amplified, and an...
Jiahua Peng1,2, Shiyao Hua3* and Qian Wu4
...ion of inflammatory factors and the inhibition of NF-κB nuclear transposition through the IKK/NF-κB signaling pathway....
Farzana Bashir2, Aysha Saleem1, Khalid Iqbal Khichi2, Rubina Nelofer3* and Rauf Ahmad Khan2
Jie Yang1, Wenjun Zhou2, Qi Zhang2, Lei Chu2, Zhenshi Chen1, Xiajun Zhang2, Weidong Wu3*, Shaoru Zhang1* and Lihui Wang1*
...of this study was to understand the molecular characteristics of clinical isolates of N. gonorrhoeae and their resistance to azithromycin (AZM) in Danyang, China. Firstly, the clinical isolates of N. gonorrhoeae from January 2016 to December 2020 were collected by Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption Ionization-Time of Flight Mass Spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS). Secondly, the drug sensitivity of all clinical isolates was analyzed. ...
Hamenya Mpemba1, Fan Yang1, Kirsty J. MacLeod2,3, Dusu Wen1, Yan Liu1,4 and Guangshun Jiang1,*
...gn: justify;">Top predators can affect the behaviour of prey species via lethal (direct kill) or non-lethal effects (i.e., through predation risk). For example, prey species may move from areas perceived as risky to safer spaces where predation risk is lower, which can have important consequences for investment in foraging, movement, and mating, and for the behaviour and habitat use of other species, such as mesopredators. T...
Muhammad Said1, Amjad Hussain Mirani1, Abdul Kabir*1,2, Muhammad Haris Raza Farhan3, Abdul Latif Bhutto1, Ghulam Shabbir Barham1, Khaleeq Ur Rahman Bhutto4, Muhammad Uzair1, Maaz Khan1
... an impact on dairy farmers’ livelihoods and family nutrition, resulting in significant losses. Because the quantity and quality of milk are so important in the dairy sector, there have been significant financial losses. As a result, adequate maintenance and preventative measures must be maintained in order to ensure any dairy business is viable and sustainable. Various strategies for detecting mastitis have evolved, i...
Shad Mahfuz1,2†, Hong-Seok Mun1,3†, Veasna Chem1, Keiven Mark B Ampode1,4, Muhammad Ammar Dilawar1,5, Hae-Rang Park1, Il-Byung Chung1, Young-Hwa Kim6, Chul-Ju Yang1,5*
...ed to hang over the feeders. Among the tested natural and chemical ingredients as a repellent, the average number of feeding approaches in repellent feeder was significantly lower (P < 0.05) in bitrex chemical (denatonium benzoate) and thiophanate-methyl chemical. No differences were noted in the number of feeding approach among the natural repellent, capsaicin, red chili, ground garlic, and dead insects (Riptortus clavatus). Moreover, there were no signifi...
Syeda Batool Zehra1, Abdullah G. Arijo2, Aly Khan3, Nasira Khatoon1* and Samina Waheed1
...re based on two key factors: molecular analysis and statistical analysis. When traditional morphological techniques used with, molecular biology technologies it has proven to be effective in distinguishing closely related species. Statistical analysis is used to determine the intensity of infection in relation to age and gender. This study will focus on children who are suspected of being afflicted with pinworms. The presence of adult worms or ova in the feces...
Yasemin Yıldırım Meşepınar and İlker Kepenekci*
...research, which is the first study carried out in greenhouse-pot conditions on the use of EPNs in the control of P. operculella in Turkey, shows that more detail studies on the applications of EPNs with promising effects (S.feltiae Balıkesir isolate applications with a 63.30% mortality in larvae) under field conditions be conducted....
Sahar M. Saber1*, Ahmed M. A. Albehwar2, Amani M. Abas3, Omaima A.A. Alshamandy2, Noha A. El said4 and Marwa Y. Hamad4
...eded to provide more understanding of the virus-host interaction and cellular antiviral response and to evaluate the probable side effects of interferon on treated animals....
Hanaa H.A. Gomaa1*, Dalia Y.Z. Amin1, Mona A. Ismail1 and Khalid A. El-Dougdoug2
...e resembles that of members of the genus Trichovirusin the family Flexiviridae. In this study, the virus isolated from fig plants belongs to the genus Trichovirus in the family Flexiviridae....
Reza Aghnoum*, Hamid-Reza Sharifi, Masoud Ghodsi and Ahmad Zare Fizabadi
...ematodes is not well understood. This study was carried out to determine the effect of CA on population density of fungivorous (Aphelenchus avenae) and free-living nematodes under four crop rotation patterns. The experiment was arranged as a split plot in randomized complete block design with three tillage systems (conventional tillage, minimum tillage and no-tillage) as the main plots and three level of crop residue retention (no-residue, 30%, and 60% of resi...
S. M. Ashraful Karim1, Md. Shohel Al Faruk2*
...n of biochemical parameters e.g. ALP, ALT, AST, Phosphorus, Glucose, Total protein, BUN, and Serum creatinine. The Urine sample was taken also for determination of Urine pH, Specific gravity, Proteinuria, and Glucose. Ultrasonography was performed to check the condition of the kidney. Increased levels of BUN, Serum creatinine, Proteinuria, and thickened cortex of the kidney confirmed that the cat was suffering from CKD. The diagnosis and management of CKD at a...
Ayesha Saeed1*, Farzana Kishwar2, Ahsan Nazir3, Sharjeel Abid4, Muhammad Abiodullah5, and Danial Ali6
...agents in SA/PVA nanofibers through electrospinning method, which was just wet before its application. Leaf extracts were used at three concentration levels (0.5, 1, and 1.5 %). Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) images confirmed the formation of optimized nanofibers with diameter range from ±49 to ±545 nm. It was observed that addition of leaf extract increased the solution conductivity and decrease the surfac...
Shahid Iqbal, Muhammad Aslam Khan, Muhammad Atiq*, Nasir Ahmed Rajput, Muhammad Usman, Ahmad Nawaz, Ghalib Ayaz Kachelo, Azeem Akram and Hadeed Ahmad
...of this disease that adversely affects the quality as well as quantity of produce. The occurrence of disease at pre- and postharvest conditions is a common phenomenon which is responsible for potential economic losses. It has been studied that the hot and humid climatic conditions are conducive for the outbreak of disease. Therefore, integrated management of mango anthracnose is essential. It has been estimated that approximately 25 to 30% loses in mango produ...
Rani Winardi Wulan Sari1, Novirman Jamarun2*, Suyitman3, Khasrad4, Elihasridas2, James Hellyward5, Gusri Yanti1
... Linear Model and Duncan’s Multiple Range Test to reveal the significant differences between different treatments applied. The result showed that different ratios between HML and NG contributed significantly differences (p<0.05) in phytochemical contents, in vitro nutrient and fiber fraction digestibility, Volatile Fatty Acid (VFA), Ammonia (NH3), and gas production. No significantly differences (p>0.05) were observed in the pH among the treatments...
Saydat Saad Abd El-Megeed1, Walaa Yehia El-Sayed1*, Tarek Khamis2
...al and molecular parameters were determined. The results revealed that ZnO NPs in combination with Empagliflozin suggestively declined the blood glucose levels, lipid profile, and liver and kidney functions. A reduction was recorded in malondialdehyde (MDA), as well as improved catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD). A reduction was found in the gene expression in the hepatic homogenate of Patched 1, hedgehog-interacting p...
Nishim Bhusal1, Bhuwan Raj Bhatt2*, Saroj Shrestha3 and Arjun Chapagain4
...nomic losses to the farmers. A cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of fasciolosis in commercial cattle farms of Tilottama Municipality, Rupandehi district, Nepal. A total of 270 fresh faecal samples were collected purposively from the study area with different ages, sex, stage, and breeds for examination (sedimentation method) to visualize eggs of Fasciola microscopically. The obtained data were coded and analysed using Microsoft Ex...
Ting Jia1*, Dong-Min Hou2 and Wan-Long Zhu2*
...ifferent ecological factors in Apodemus chevrieri during the process of seasonal changing, we designed a three-factor experiment of temperature, photoperiod and food quantity in A. chevrieri in the present study. Animals were divided into 8 groups randomly: moderate temperature, longer photoperiod with no food-restricted group; moderate temperature, longer photoperiod with food-restricted group; moderate temperature, shorter photoperiod with no food-restricted...
Muhammad Younis1, Sami Ullah1, Fathul Bari1, Muhammad Asif2, Muhammad Ilyas2, Mahvish Rauf2, Ejaz Ur Rehman3, Rubina Noor4, Muhammad Arif4 and Muhammad Ali Nawaz5*
...ational Park (CGNP) harbors a large number of mammals. However, population size, estimated density or any other ecological parameter is not available for those species except annual census counts for markhor Capra falconeri. Management and conservation efforts are assessed by using relative abundance estimates. The current study aimed to estimate relative abundance of mammalian fauna of CGNP. During the current study, 30 camera traps (motion triggered camera (...
Muhammad Tariq Navid1,2*, Mian Muhammad Awais2*, Muhammad Irfan Anwar2 and Masood Akhtar2
...ected in sterile containers. About 13.61% of the samples were found seropositive by using commercially available ELISA kit. The supernatants from oro-pharyngeal and cloacal swabs of the seropositive samples were separated and divided into two segments; one was used directly to detect AI viral genome through RT-PCR while other segment was used for viral inoculation into the embryonated chicken eggs. The direct detection through RT-PCR confirmed H9 gene from clo...
Ahmed H. Abed1, Ahmed Orabi2*, Wafaa Hassan3, , Enas Hammad4 , Ghada Gaber5
...fect on broiler chickens’ immunity challenged with E. coli. One hundred and twenty broiler chicks were separated into eight equal groups in an in vitro experiment (15 birds for each group). A negative control group was the first group. There were 3 groupings were given immune modulatory agents (lectins, probiotic, and essential oil) for five days without being challenged; Immune modulatory agents were given to the rema...
Muhammad Izhar ul Haque1, Farhan Anwar Khan1*, Umar Sadique1, Hamayun Khan1, Zia ur Rehman1, Salman Khan1, Hayatullah Khan1,2, Faisal Ahmad1,3, Mumtazur Rahman1, Faiz Ur Rehman1, Muhammad Saeed1, Mehboob Ali1 and Saqib Nawaz1
...pTB) also known as Johne’s disease (JD), is a chronic infectious disease of animals caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP). It is also a serious public health concern as MAP is responsible for Crohn’s disease in human beings. This infectious disease is so far unexplored in animals in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan. Therefore, this study was proposed to investigate the presence o...
Eye Color Frequency and IrisPlex Validation in Pakhtun Population Living in Shangla Valley, Pakistan
Murad Ali Rahat1*, Muhammad Israr2, Hakim Khan1, Ishtiaq Hassan1, Mohammad Islam1 and Muzafar Shah3
...n of eye, hair, skin colors as well as other phenotypic features. The Irisplex system contains a very sensitive multiplex genetic typing test that allows users to predict blue, brown and intermediate human eye color from DNA samples. To check the validity of IrisPlex system in the local Pakhtun population living in Shangla Valley of Pakistan, the current study was carried out. DNA samples as well as photographs were taken fr...
Saleh M. Albarrak1*, Fahad S. Aldahmashi1,2, Abdulrhman A. Alrubayan1,2, Abdel Kader A. Zaki1,3
...5 to ≤7, and >7 years). ASAs were detected in ≥ 80% of the examined animals with considerable individual variation within each group. The serum and seminal plasma ASAs indexes (%) were significantly elevated in the >7 years group compared to the >3 to ≤5 and ≥5 to ≤7 years groups (P ≤ 0.05), and in the ≥5 to ≤7 years...
Tlou Grace Manyelo1,2, Nthabiseng Amenda Sebola1, Jones Wilfred Ng’ambi2, Monnye Mabelebele1*
...rformance, blood parameters, and gut morphology of indigenous Boschveld chickens. A total of 200 one-day-old indigenous Boschveld chicks were randomly allocated to five treatments in a completely randomized design each with four replicates of ten chicks. Amaranth leaf meal (ALM) levels evaluated in this study were 0, 5, 10, 15, and 20% with recording weekly body weights, feed intakes, and feed conversion ratios. Gut organ we...
Shahid Amin1*, Jabbar Khan1, Imran Khan2, Dost Muhammad1, Kamran Ullah Khan1, Naqeeb Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Azhar Jameel3
... haemo-parasites and diverse hematological limitations were anticipated. Prevalence of haemo-parasitic diseases was recorded as 14.4, 10.4 and 7.2% for anaplasmosis, theileriosis and babesiosis, respectively. Different risk factors were studied but statistical significant changes (p<0.05) were observed in prevalence of haemo-parasitic diseases with respect to season, breed, specie, age and sex. Hematological profile of di...
Cheng Zhao1,2, Qin Shi1*, Gen Yang3, Youyuan Tan2, Songwen Tan2, Jiahong Li2 and Marwan M.A. Rashed2
...vation were the key factors. It was indicated that diet, safety and temperature were the main factors affecting the habitat use of Sichuan sika deer in winter....
Florence N. Nworah*, Nene O. Uchendu, Ifeoma F. Chukwuma*, Emmanuel C. Ossai and Emmanuel C. Ezeako
...n haematological parameters and a significant (p<0.05) increase in the concentrations and activities of oxidative stress biomarkers. However, treatment with the blood of P. sinuatus reversed the effect of cyclophosphamide on the haematological parameters and the oxidative stress biomarkers. These results suggest tha...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Hamna Rashid1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Sana Bashir1, Fatima Khalid1 and Nisar Ahmad3
...sition and blood parameters were observed in the fish fed on control and 5g/kg probiotics supplemented RSM-based diet. However immunological parameters (monocytes, neutrophil, lymphocyte and eosinophil) are higher in fish that were fed on control, 1, 3 and 5 g/kg of probiotics respectively. Based on these recordings it was concluded that probiotics suppl...
Hira Jabbin1, Muhammad Arshad1*, Naunain Mehmood1, Wardah Hassan1, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah2 and Farzana Siddique3
Akbar Hayat1*, Ehsan Ul Haque1, Marayam Nasir2, Rab Nawaz3, Tariq Mahmood4 and Sohaib Afzaal1
...ndidate varieties/cultivars were Rhode Red Valencia, Cara Cara, Amber Sweet, Sun Star and Salustiana. All of these different five citrus varieties evaluated objectively assessing their suitability both for direct consumption and value addition. The work spread over two years (2018and19) produced distinctive results for their commercial exploitation. The attributes in analytical work for fruit quality evaluation were fruit si...
Hasnain Raza1*, Tanveer-ul-Haq1, Muhammad Imran1, Nabeel Ahmad Ikram2 and Muhammad Bilal Shoukat1
... physicochemical parameters including biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total solids (TS), total suspended solids (TSS), total dissolved solids (TDS), sodium (Na), calcium (Ca), potassium (K), magnesium (Mg), residual sodium carbonates (RSC), sodium adsorption ratio (SAR), carbonates (CO3), and bicarbonates (HCO3) by using stand...
Madad Ali1, Muhammad Ahsan1, Muhammad Zubair Akram*2 and Samreen Nazeer3
...as conducted at the University of Agriculture Faisalabad to screen out the best single cross doubled haploid hybrids of maize using eleven doubled haploid single cross hybrids. A randomized complete block design was used to conduct the experiment with three replications under normal environmental conditions. Data for different growth, yield, and agro-morphological parameters were analyzed at a 5% probability of the HSD test....
Samina Kausar1, Rana Badar Aziz2, Muhammad Waseem3, Muhammad Ahmad3, Hamza Shafiq4, Muhammad Asim5, Usama Zia6, Sobia Afzal7, Wanpeng Xi8*, Mansoor Hameed1* and Muhammad Usman Shoukat9
...etables, fruits and flowers. They are categorized into two types: (1) xanthophylls and (2) carotenes. For instance, lycopene is found in tomatoes and watermelon, beta carotene in sweet carrots and potatoes, lutein in marigold flowers, and capsanthin and capsorubin in crimson pepper. Zeaxanthin is protective against scalp diseases, UV and skin redness. Lycopene is a bioactive component regarding the remedy of pe
Ishtiaq Ahmad1*, Muhammad Nafees1, Maryam2, Irfan Ashraf3, Ambreen Maqsood4 and Muhammad Saqib5
...l area, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Pakistan. Analysis of variance showed significant effect of drying methods on fruit quality of mulberry (p ≤ 0.05). There was significant difference (p ≤ 0.05) in fresh and dry fruit weight, fruit width and area, and Cu contents of both the species in spectrophotometer. Reduction in fruit weight, fruit area and moisture percentage were significantly higher in oven dry method, followed by sundry with minimum r...
Adefunke Fadilat O. Ayinde1*, Peter Allison Johnston2, Olanrewaju Olusoji Olujimi3, Purnamita Dasgupta4 and Dare Akerele5
...arity exists in how farmers perceive and adapt to climate variability that influences their production decisions and improved livelihoods. We analysed the perception of cassava-based farmers to climate variability in two ecosystems in Nigeria. Climate data (spanning 1951 to 2010) were used to corroborate and evaluate the perceptions of farmers. Four hundred smallholder farme
Sanwal Masood1, Dildar Ahmed2, Silvia Machado1 and Sohaib Aslam1*
... physicochemical parameters including toxic metals for determining the impact of land uses on the ground water quality of Lahore, Pakistan. Our results showed that water of three sites namely Shadman, Samnabad and Township had the TDS above 300 mgL-1 and this value was comparatively greater than samples of other areas. Only one site named Ravi Town showed the extremely low concentration of DO i.e. 1.6 mgL-1. All the heavy metals values were within the permissi...
Ty Nguyen, Giang Thi Huong Phung, Lan Le Thuy Hoang and Giang Van Tran*
...tion and the genetic diversity, which are the basis for further research about M. cunnesius in breeding, species conservation and management at the Tam Giang Cau Hai Wetland Reserve. Research results showed that this species distributed in the North has a size ranging from 101.7 to 160.7 mm, with an average of 137 mm, corresponding to a weight of 10.6 - 35.6 g, with an average of 25.2 g, the fish distributed in the South has a size ranging from 112.4 - 172.7 m...
Sehrish Ashraaf1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Chand Raza1, Ayesha Muzamil1, Farman Ahmad Chaudhary2, Muhammad Summer1 and Aamir Ali1
...e life threatening, if persist for a longer time. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of sericin and curcumin either alone or together on the reversal of hematological changes induced by carrageenan in the mice model. Mice were induced edema via λ-carrageenan (50µl/ mice) and different concentrations of sericin (0.03 mg/ml, 0.06 mg/ml and 0.09 mg/ml) and curcumin (1%, 2%, and 3%) were admini...
Sehrish Ashraaf1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Chand Raza1, Ayesha Muzamil1, Farman Ahmad Chaudhary2, Muhammad Summer1 and Aamir Ali1
...e life threatening, if persist for a longer time. In the current study, we aimed to investigate the effect of sericin and curcumin either alone or together on the reversal of hematological changes induced by carrageenan in the mice model. Mice were induced edema via λ-carrageenan (50µl/ mice) and different concentrations of sericin (0.03 mg/ml, 0.06 mg/ml and 0.09 mg/ml) and curcumin (1%, 2%, and 3%) were admini...
Sherif Abdelghany1, Hossam Mahrous Ebeid2*, Ahmed Abdelkader Aboamer2, Mohamed Ali Radwan1, Rania Agamy1
...y smallholder dairy farmers. The main objective of the study was to develop an assessment protocol to evaluate feeding practices at small dairy farms. The study was based on 56 smallholder farms that raised crossbred cows and local buffaloes in mid-lactation, with an average of 4.4 parties and an average herd size of 1.28 and 1.19 head/farm for Nile Valley and Newly Reclaimed districts, respectively. A structured questionnaire survey was designed, and field in...
Mahmut Islamoglu
...ely, while other parameters are not statistically significant....
Yasir Hameed, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Shahzaib, Muhammad Sarmad, Muhammad Farrukh Hamid, Syed Muhammad Zaka*, Khalid Abbas and Muhammad Zakria
...nse of three larval instars was calculated using a logistic regression model, where handling time (Th) and attack rate (a) that calculated by using Roger random predator equation. The results revealed that all the predatory stages show a type II functional response and consumption rate increased with the increase in prey density for the first, second and third larval instar of C. carnea on both L. erysimi and D. noxia. It is...
Yasir Hameed, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Shahzaib, Muhammad Sarmad, Muhammad Farrukh Hamid, Syed Muhammad Zaka*, Khalid Abbas and Muhammad Zakria
...nse of three larval instars was calculated using a logistic regression model, where handling time (Th) and attack rate (a) that calculated by using Roger random predator equation. The results revealed that all the predatory stages show a type II functional response and consumption rate increased with the increase in prey density for the first, second and third larval instar of C. carnea on both L. erysimi and D. noxia. It is...
Yasir Hameed, Muhammad Rizwan, Muhammad Shahzaib, Muhammad Sarmad, Muhammad Farrukh Hamid, Syed Muhammad Zaka*, Khalid Abbas and Muhammad Zakria
...nse of three larval instars was calculated using a logistic regression model, where handling time (Th) and attack rate (a) that calculated by using Roger random predator equation. The results revealed that all the predatory stages show a type II functional response and consumption rate increased with the increase in prey density for the first, second and third larval instar of C. carnea on both L. erysimi and D. noxia. It is...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Naila Chand1 and Muhammad Tahir2
...l group, while feed conversion ratio (FCR) was non-significant among all groups. Water intake during phase-1 was (P<0.05) higher in group D as compared to other treated groups while nonsignificant during phase-2 and 3. The average daily eggs production on weekly basis during phase-1 was calculated as non-significant while during phase-2 and 3 higher for the control group than all other groups. Hen day egg production (HDEP), mortality, and ash digestibility ...
Ansar Abbas1*, Muhammad Aman Ullah2, Abdul Waheed3 and Muhammad Asif4
...easurements such as withers height (WH), body length (BL), head length (HL), rump length (RL), head width (HW), rump width (RW), barrel depth (BD) and heart girth (HG). A total of 271 female Thalli sheep of southern Punjab were included in the study. We used different goodness of fit criteria such as coefficient of determination (R2 %), adjusted coefficient of determination (Adj-R2 %), standard deviation ratio (SD ratio), root mean square error (RMSE), relativ...
Masixole Maswana, Thinawanga Joseph Mugwabana and Thobela Louis Tyasi*
...dy will help donkey farmers, extension officers and researchers to understand the morphological variation among donkey breeds....
Hemat A. Abdel Magied*, Heba H. Habib, Amany H. Waly, Ahmed Fadl, Sayed M. Shalash
...improvement in feed conversion ratio (FCR) for chicken in P treatment by 8.38 and 5.75 % in compared to control and PE, respectively. Also, chicken in PEP treatment significantly (P<0.05) increased dressing % by 7.89% and drum stick by 9.27% compared to control. All supplementation had significant improvement in total protein (TP) level in broiler meat. PE and PEP enhance meat oxidative by decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) by 28.15 and 19.87 %, respectively a...
Noha M. Abd El-Azeem*, Hemat A. Abdel Magied, Mervat N. Ghazal, Nehad A. Ramadan, Enayat H. Abo El-Azayem, Y. S. Hussein, Heba H. Habib
...st oxidative stress factors caused by pregnancy and lactation in female rabbits under heat stress.
Keywords | Antioxidant; Turmeric; MOS; Biostrong; stress; Rabbit does
...
Nuzhat Kamal1, Muhammed Sajjad Ansari2*, Bushra Allah Rakha1, Shamim Akhter1, Saima Qadeer1 and Ali Akhter1
...over liquid nitrogen vapors for 10 min. Then straws were plunged into liquid nitrogen (-196°C) for storage. After 24 h of storage, straws were thawed at 37°C for 30 seconds and assessed for sperm motility (%), plasma membrane integrity (%), viability (%), normal apical ridge (%) and chromatin integrity (%). Sperm motility was recorded higher in extender containing 15mM alanine compared to control. Sperm viability was recorded higher in extender contain...
Mansha Tahir1, Abdul Rauf2,3, Syed Ayaz Kazmi2,3*, Nuzhat Shafi2, Muhammad Hasnain Ali Gillani3, Sundus Khawaja4, Syeda Maria Fiaz Bukhari4, Tehniat Summer4 and Muhammad Majid Bashir2
... to assess the risk factors for their transmission. From approximately 16000 total individuals of population of Union Council Sena Daman 710 (4.4%) individuals were randomly screened for hepatitis B and C prevalence using Immuno-Chromatography Kits, ELISA and further confirmed by PCR. Among the tested individuals 174 (24.5%) including 90(51.7%) male and 84(48.3%) were found positive for both HBsAg and anti-HCV including 4.6% HBsAg positive, 19.7% anti-HCV posi...
Mingqing Wang1 and Xiaojuan Chen2,*
...along with the optimal nursing care required for these patients. Also, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-a) was assessed as an inflammatory factor to see the response to treatment. In this study, 180 AECOPD patients who had been treated in our hospital were enrolled as research objects, who were given routine respiratory stimulant therapy regimen and intravenous methylprednisolone. According to the dosage of glucocorticoid methylprednisolone, the patients were ...
Ayma Aftab, Samia Afzal* and Muhammad Idrees
...eal samples from a 22 years old man were detected as negative for COVID-19 for consecutive three RT-PCR tests. Complete blood count (CBC), D-dimer, serum ferritin, eosinophil sedimentation rate (ESR) test, tuberculosis test, real time PCR and high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) were done to rule out the cause of flu like symptoms. HRCT reveals a haze area in the right perihilar region adjacent to medial part of horizontal fissure on the 3rd day of manif...
Thobela Louis Tyasi*, Innocent Mokhwee Mohlabeng and Lebelo Joyceline Selala
...rements are good indicators for identification of those animals with suitable sperm production for breeding. The objective of the study was to examine the relationship between body condition score (BCS), body weight (BW) and testicular measurements viz testicular length (TL), testicular diameter (TD) and scrotum circumference (SC). A total of 40 Dorper rams aged between 1 to 5 years were used for data collection. Pea
Iqra Qazi1, Sohail Raza1*, Masood Rabbani1 and Muhammad Avais2
...its associated risk factors in District Sheikhupura, Punjab, Pakistan. The sample size was calculated using Raosoft sample size calculator. A total of 250 animals were sampled from herds of different sizes for sampling through convenient sampling technique. A questionnaire having variables related to animal species, age, herd size, parity, breeding method and housing management was filled at sample collection time. The serum samples were processed by indirect ...
Shahid Iqbal1,2, Zulha Javed1, Mushtaq Hussain Zahid3, Qurat ul Ane Gillani4 and Furhan Iqbal1,*
...on hematological parameters and biochemical components of blood serum of male albino mice. The extracts were administrated orally (100 mg/ ml solvent/ Kg body weight) for 15 days and it was observed that the complete blood count (CBC) remained unaffected while cholesterol (P = 0.03) and triglyceride (P = 0.008) levels in serum were significantly elevated in P. pinnata leaf extract treated mice. Mice treated with E. camaldulensis leaf extract had significantly ...
Asma Basharat1, Abdul Wajid2*, Andleeb Batool1, Tayyeba Batool3, Abdul Basit4, Kamran Abbas5, Aziz Ullah1 and Mahmood Shaukat6
... environmental risk factors. In the present study, we focused on TBX22 gene, which is a major gene determinant essential to human palatogenesis. We analyzed a total of 134 DNA samples including 51 CP clinically assessed patients and 83 healthy controls. Our preliminary results revealed two novel missense substitutions i.e. P180Q in T-box domain and S328I in C-terminal of TBX22, while unrelated healthy controls revealed no sequence variants in these locations. ...
Jie Wu1,2, Xiang-long Lu1,2, Wen-dan Wang1,2, Tian-you Wu1,2, Xing-yi Zhang1,2 and Yan-jing Su1,2*
...ce of FFAs strongly impairs foaming....
Anum Syyam1,2, Nazish Saqlain1, Sidra Hareem1, Naghmana Mazhar1, Liaqat Ali3 and Samia Afzal2*
... among blood group O donors at a tertiary care hospital. This is a cross-sectional study conducted at the department of Hematology and Transfusion Medicine in Children’s Hospital and the Institute of Child Health, Lahore, Pakistan over a period of four months from Oct, 2019 to Feb, 2020. Blood samples were collected from 350 healthy and voluntary group “O” donors (males =...
Jianmin Liu1, Jiancheng Zhang2, Peijuan Wang3,* and Moslem Lari Najafi4
...ilbestrol, with patients’ ovarian function greatly improved. To conclude, new addition congrong tusi pill has better clinical effect in improving ovarian artery blood flow and sex hormone levels than diethylstilbestrol in adjuvant treatment of ovarian function decline, which is worthy of clinical popularization and use....
Aqsa Batool1, Masood Rabbani1*, Farhat Nazir Awan2, Sohail Raza1, Sehrish Firyal3 and Shahan Azeem1
...and associated risk factors with disease prevalence in various agro-ecological zones of Pakistan focusing on the Punjab Province. A total of 400 samples were randomly collected from cattle and buffalo of wheat rice Punjab, mixed Punjab, cotton/wheat Punjab, Low intensity Punjab and Rain-fed Punjab zones. The study revealed individual seroprevalence of BoHV-1 49.5% in cattle and 51.5% in buffalo. Over all prevalence in five zones of Punjab was observed as 25% i...
Qingyue Han1, Ying Li1, Jichang Deng1, Kunxuan Huang1, Yanyang Yang1, Quanwei Li1, Zhuowei Zhang1, Na Qiao1, Yanju Ji2, Khalid Mehmood3, Sarfaraz Ali Fazlani4, Hui Zhang1 and Zhaoxin Tang1*
... supplementation in sows’ diets has an important role in the development of heart and differentiation of myocardial fibers in neonatal piglets by changing the expression of the IGF pathway and myocardial cells proliferation....
K. H. El-Kholy1*, Enayat Hassan Abo El-Azayem2, Safaa Ataya Barakat2, Mona Gamel Mohamed3, Sara H. M. Hassab1
...n = 15 in each group). First group was fed a basal diet only (control group, G1), while the other three groups fed a basal diet along with 0.5 (G2), 1.0 (G3) and 2.0 g (G4) AV leaves powder/kg diet. The results revealed that, AV addition at its highest levels (G3 and G4) significantly (P≤0.05) increased the final body weight, daily weight gain and feed efficiency. The AV inclusion, especially in high dose “G4”, lead to significant (P≤0.05) re...
Chattida Panprom1, Nakrob Pattanapon1, Wannisa Meepoo1, Soontaree Petchdee2*
... may help to prevent adverse events and preserve cardiovascular functions. This case report provides recommendations for anesthetic protocols and management in dogs with valvular heart disease. This study suggested that the anesthetic drug protocol of alfaxalone 2.5 mg/kg and a maintenance fluid rate of 5 mL/kg/hr in dogs with valve disease is safe and appropriate for preserving cardiovascular functions.
Keywords | Dog, General anesthesi...
Arif Mehmood1*, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Waqas Raza2, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1
.... Mosquitoes inhabit diverse types of habitats depending upon host preference, biotic and abiotic characteristics of the habitats. This study mainly targeted the collection, identification, and sorting of mosquitoes habitat-wise in the Attock district of Pothwar region. Collection of specimens was done from specified habitats during 2014-16. A total of fourteen species belonging to four genera were collected from eight different habitats. The most abundant hab...
Faiq Ahmad1, Shahen Shah1*, Muhammad Amin2, Ikram Ullah3, Sajid Ali4, Maaz Khan1, Muhammad Shakur5 and Sajjad Khan6
... Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar, during 2019-20. The experiment comprised of nitrogen application from integrated sources (50% FYM + 50% urea + BM, 50% FYM + 50% PM + BM, 50% PM + 50% urea + BM, 50% FYM + 50% urea – BM, 50% FYM + 50% PM – BM and 50% PM + 50% urea – BM) and N sources application timing (1, 15 and 30 days before sowing). Experiment also consists of two controls: one was 100% N from urea and other was with...
Inam Ul Haq1*, Humara Umar1, Farah Umar2, Naeem Akhtar3 and Muhammad Jan4
...mize the protocols for nursery production. In order to attain success in this sector, investigation was carried out to improve the rooting ability of a widely grown olive cv. “Arbequina”. This research aimed to enhance the rooting ability of semi-hardwood cuttings through application of different separate and combined concentrations of indole butyric acid (IBA), urea phosphate (UP) and paclobutrazol (PB). These chemicals were evaluated under seven ...
Zarnosh Habib1, Muhammad Ibrahim2*, Nasir Shah2, Israr Ullah3 and Norman Javed Gill4
...l fruit fly Bactrocera dorsalis (Hendel) at various host pupae depths (0, 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 cm) in plant debris and at different host pupae ages (24, 48, 72 and 96 h) in laboratory at 25 ± 2ºC, 60 ± 5% relative humidity and a photoperiod of DL 14:10 h. The observations indicated a significant effect of different depths of host pupae and its age on the amount of parasitism by parasitoid. Maximum significant (F = 10.78, P < 0.0001) parasitiz...
Andy1,4*, Ratmawati Malaka2, Sri Purwanti3, Hikmah M Ali2, Tutik Lusyta Aulyani4, Danung Nur Adli5
...y weight gain, feed conversion ratio (FCR), crypt depth, and reduce total population of Escherichia coli in the intestinal. To sum up, using liquid smoke encapsulation successfully increasing villus height and reduce feed conversion ratio without any adverse effect.
Keywords | Broiler, Encapsulation, Growth Performance, Intestinal Profile, Liquid Smoke
...
Muhammad A. Ahmad1, Shabbir Hussain2*, Humera A. Awan3, Muhammad Riaz4 and Muhammad Saeed1
... of plant growth regulators (PGRs). The PGRs have pronounced effects on the yield, biochemistry, physiology and plant morphology of wheat crop. Current studies were performed to investigate the effect of PGRs on the yield of wheat crop in Sayban International, Lahore (Pakistan). The field experiments were performed to evaluate the effects of numerous concentrations of three PGRs (sodium-5-nitroguaiacolate, sodium ortho-nitrophenolate and sodium para-nitropheno...
Muhammad Mansoor1, 2, Sheheryar1 and Shahid Ali Khan1*
...on is uncertain for farmers. In addition, through adding nitrogen via nodulation, it can also be intercropped with cotton as it can give fair yield without presenting any competition with cotton crop....
Muhammad Mansoor1, 2, Sheheryar1 and Shahid Ali Khan1*
...on is uncertain for farmers. In addition, through adding nitrogen via nodulation, it can also be intercropped with cotton as it can give fair yield without presenting any competition with cotton crop....
Khalid Hussain1, Muneer Abbas1*, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Irshad1, Mudassar Khaliq1, Zubeda Parveen1, Sohail Abbas2, Ali Raza3 and Abdul Ghaffar1
...M), which act as indicators of population trends and fluctuation of flying insects. These traps were evaluated at different growth stages of wheat (seedling, tillering and dough stage) and trap height (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 meter) on the basis of mean aphid collection and species richness. Results indicated that population appeared in the standard week (SW) 52 of 1st year to SW 18 of 2nd year in both traps. Population peaks in the yellow moericke traps (YMT) and st...
Khalid Hussain1, Muneer Abbas1*, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Irshad1, Mudassar Khaliq1, Zubeda Parveen1, Sohail Abbas2, Ali Raza3 and Abdul Ghaffar1
...M), which act as indicators of population trends and fluctuation of flying insects. These traps were evaluated at different growth stages of wheat (seedling, tillering and dough stage) and trap height (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 meter) on the basis of mean aphid collection and species richness. Results indicated that population appeared in the standard week (SW) 52 of 1st year to SW 18 of 2nd year in both traps. Population peaks in the yellow moericke traps (YMT) and st...
Bilal Saeed Khan1*, Muhammad Arslan1, Abdul Ghaffar2, Muhammad Farooq2, Saghir Ahmad3, Sami Ullah4 and Awais Rasool5
...variety of soil mite diversity, seasonal variation and influence of intercropping within mango orchards through diversity index. A total of 1898 soil inhabiting mite sample slides were prepared from soil collected samples and after microscopic observation of slide specimen, 08 different families were recognized as Laelapidae, Pachylaelapidae, Ameroseiidae, Macrochelidae, Parasitidae, Phytoseiidae, Uropodidae, and Bdellidae. ...
Neni Widaningsih1,2*, Budi Hartono2, Hari Dwi Utami2, Eni Siti Rohaeni3
...espondents, namely breeders, collecting merchants, wholesalers, retailers, and consumers. The number of respondents in this study was 135 persons. Methods of data analysis carried out include; qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis. Qualitative analysis is intended to find out the characteristics of marketing i...
Sugiharto Sugiharto*, Ikania Agusetyaningsih, Endang Widiastuti, Hanny Indrat Wahyuni, Turrini Yudiarti, Tri Agus Sartono
...d haematological parameters in broilers stocked in high-density pens from 15 to 28 days old. A total of 490 broiler chicks were distributed into four groups, including CONT (chicks receiving basal feed and raised under normal density [10 chicks per m2]), HSD (chicks receiving basal feed and raised under high density [20 chicks per m2]), HSD-P (chicks receiving 0.5% germinated papaya seed flour and raised under high density) ...
Hams M.A. Mohamed1*, Katreen K.G.2, M.W. Abd Al-Azeem1, Faysal A. Wasel2, Ahmed M. Abd-Eldayem3
...n Listeria monocytogenes’ capacity to form biofilms, antimicrobial resistance profile and virulence determinants, the purpose of this study is to discuss the presence of Listeria species in raw milk. In total, 150 samples of raw milk from vendors and nearby dairy farms in Sohag, Egypt, were collected. The samples underwent a bacteriological investigation. The results showed that 22 out of 150 samples had Listeria spp. ...
Istna Mangisah1*, Heni Rizqiati2, Nyoman Suthama1
...starter were the parameters observed. The research was arranged in a completely randomized design. Data were analyzed according to one-way ANOVA in a completely randomized design. Dietary supplementation of Lactobacillus casei and dahlia tuber extract mixture significantly increased (p <0.05) nutrient digestibility and intestinal total lactic acid bacteria, but decreased coliform and improved growth performance of broilers
Kirana D.D. Adiputra1*, Tulus Maulana3 , Ekayanti M. Kaiin3, H. Hasbi2, Herry Sonjaya2
...6 were used. The parameters observed in the fresh semen were volume, pH, colour, motility, viability, abnormality, intact plasma membrane, and concentration. Meanwhile, parameters observed in frozen semen were motility, viability, abnormality, intact plasma membrane, acrosome status, DNA integrity, and movement patterns. Viability and abnormality parameters were stained with eosin-nigrosin...
Mehwish Saleem1* and Amina Atiq2
... by garlic nanoparticles’ strong antibacterial properties (E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus). Additionally, Staphylococcus aureus showed the greatest sensitivity to garlic nanoparticles, with inhibitory zones of 19 mm, 17 mm, and 18 mm for an aqueous extract for aqueous extract and for ethanolic garlic extract was (19mm, 17mm and 15mm) K. pneumonia was the least susceptible, with inhibitory zones for aqueous and ...
Iftikhar Alam1*, Sana Shah1, Muhammad Farooq2* and Samiya Rahman3
...ong selected (n=46) members of nutrition experts on research questions of interest. The experts were motivated to thoroughly review the postgraduate NEC contents against the three ‘domains’ (“Clinical Nutrition”, “Applied Nutrition” and “Basic Nutrition”), which served as standards for comparison. They were requested to answer on: “which subject matte
Abdul Kabir1, Muhammad Rasheed2, Hubdar Ali Kaleri5, Depeesh Kumar Bhuptani3, Mithan Kumar4, Raza Ali Mangi6, Abdul Wahid Solangi4, Sheva Dari1, Saqib Kakar4, Panah Munir4, Ekra Akbar4 and Rameez Raja Kaleri4,5*
...staurants, shopping centers, and multiplexes are relatively easy to close during lockdowns, but agriculture and animal husbandry are more difficult to close; these industries will continue to produce. In order to manage our agriculture and livestock sectors in the best interests of both producers and consumers, we need an effective and quick action plan....
Amber Khalid1*, Farah Ashfaq1, Shahzadi Farah1, Amna Akbar1, Farkhanda Manzoor1, Muhammad Babar Khawar2, Saira Riaz3 and Safina Ashfaq3
...tive serological parameters in overweight children of 6-12 years (n=300) in Lahore, Pakistan. Anthropometric assessment was carried out. Blood samples were taken and lipid Profile, serum creatinine and Serum albumin analysis was done by using automated chemistry analyzer. Results concluded that the experimental subjects have shown a significant difference (P<0.00) in HDL level as compared to control subjects. Result of t ...
Muhammad Bilal Munawar1, Saima Naveed1, Shafqat Nawaz Qaisrani1, Jibran Hussain2, Shahzad Munir3, Ayesha Ahmed3, Mubbashir Hussain4, Ahmad Kamran Khan5, Abdullah Jalal6 and Irfan Ahmed7*
...n was evaluated in broilers on the basis of growth production, plasma and tibia phosphorus. The (n=504) day-old broiler chickens procured randomly allocated into 6 treatments dietary treatments were: B positive control (PC) diet (0.42% available phosphorus in grower feed, A negative control (NC) diet with (0.30% avail. P in starter and 0.26% avail. phosphorus in grower) while four diets C, D supplemented with NC+ (500 and 750 powder phytase units (FTU)/kg) and...
Layth Saleem Salman Al-Shihmani
...e values of the particle’s density and bulk density and total porosity of the soil between the front and rear of the Kut Dam. There was also a variation in the size distribution of some sand fraction. As for the sand minerals, a discrepancy was noted in some heavy and light sand minerals between the front and rear of the dam. It was found that both the difference in the mineral content of the sedimentary cycles and the effect of the Kut Dam on the veloci...
Ahmed Rizk1, Gomaa Said Ramadan2*, Alaa Eldin Abdou3, Ossama Ahmed El-Weshahy1, Omer Sayed Rashed1
...nd 558.75 grams in the first generation. In the second generation, the Tanta G-1 line’s body weight was 1006.50 grams against 555.10 grams for the Mamourah strain, while in the third generation the average body weight in the Tanta G-1 line was 1068.93 grams versus 551.25 grams in the Mamourah strain at the age of 8 weeks. This difference between the two lines was significant (P≤...
Reda Hassan*, Bahaa Abou-shehema, Sherif Zayed, Micheal Gorgy, Shama Morsy, El-Sayed Abu El-Hassan, Mahmoud El-Gbaly, Hanaa Basuony, Ebtehal Hassan
...ficantly (P<0.05) a worse feed conversion ratio and inferior daily body weight during the experimental period. Furthermore, AFB1 toxicity at 1mg dose significantly (P<0.05) increased creatinine, uric acid concentrations, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) activities and significantly (P<0.05) reduced the antibody titer against sheep red blood cells (SRBC), total protein, albumin values ...
Ibrahim El-Ratel1*, Mostafa El-Moghazy2, Amira El-Gaml2, Ibrahim Abu El-Naser2
...ress (HS) conditions adversely affect sperm function and quality traits of rabbit bucks. This study amid to investigate the efficacy of propolis ethanolic extract (PEE) oral administration on antioxidant capacity, reproductive hormones, immunity response, and quality and fertility of fresh and cryopreserved rabbit buck semen under HS conditions. A total of 40 APRI line rabbit bucks (7months old and 3.00±0.20 kg live body weight) were divided into four t...
Olatokunbo Hammed Osinowo1*, Maria Gbemisola Ogunnaike1 and Esther Toluwatope Tolorunju2
...able, and the World Bank’s World Development Indicators. The study’s data set included information on agriculture’s value added (as a percentage of GDP), the headcount ratio of people living in poverty at $1.9 per day, farm mechanization, government agricultural expenditure, irrigation, human capital, and telecommunications technology. ...
Muhammad Jamil1*, Rao Sohail Ahmad Khan2, Rana Abdul Hameed Khan3, Khezir Hayat4, Saeed Ahmad5, Abdul Sattar6, Umair Faheem7, Hira Saher8 and Ayesha Bibi8
...e in Pakistan for two years 2020-21 and 2021-22. Ten promising upland cotton genotypes recently bred by different research stations were sown by following a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The main objective was to pinpoint cotton genotypes with stable yield performance across the studied environments. Additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis results depicted that maximum variability was due to envir...
Phan Truong Khanh* and Tran Thi Hong Ngoc
...change, is impacting adversely on rice production. The overall purpose of the study is planning of irrigation scheduling, it requires information of precise quantity of water needed by crop in a certain set of meteorological condition of the region. Moreover, determination of water requirement for crop is a first stage in the design, operation and planning of irrigation schemes to ensure adequate water is available to meet a...
Rezqita Putri Pitaloka1, Kartiawati Alipin1, Mas Rizky A.A Syamsunarno2, Gemilang Lara Utama3, Ramdan Panigoro2, Ratu Safitri1*
...s given orally for the first 14 days at intervals of 3 days, while DFP and SWEE were administered orally every day for 28 days. The parameters observed include iron levels in the serum, liver, heart, spleen, kidney, and brain. The results showed that the effective dose was the combination of 75 mg/kg BW DFP and 50 mg/kg BW SWEE as an adjuvant, while 200mg/kg BW SWEE can be used as a substitute for chelato
Antonius1,3, Anuraga Jayanegara2*, Komang Gede Wiryawan2, Simon Petrus Ginting3, Anjas Asmara Samsudin4, Elizabeth Wina5
...uses a decrease in goats’ performance and meat quality. The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the impact of supplementing gambir (Uncaria gambir) leaf extract as a natural antioxidant source on goat performance and meat quality. A total of 18 Boerka goats (body weight of 21±2 kg) were divided randomly into three dietary treatments (six replicates each), specifically: T0 (basal diet without gambir supplementation), T1 (basal diet + 2 g/k...
Nosheen Jehajo*, Nasreen Memon, Mansoor Ali Shah and Naheed Shah
...rious biological parameters of C. maculatus fed on Vigna radiata (mung beans) including mortality, oviposition, and adult emergence using three replication for each treatment. Four concentrations viz; (0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1%) each of the oil were prepared to observe the contact toxicity and surface protectant effect. Results showed that as percentage of concentrations increased mortality of adult beetles also increased with increased exposure time. In additio...
Hafiz Ghulam Muhu-Din Ahmed1*, Aziz Ullah2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta3, Ammara Yasmeen4, Hafeez ur Rehman5 and Umar Farooq5
... all the studied parameters, like spikelet per spike (SPS), number of grains per spike (NGS), grain yield per plant (GYP), grain length (GL), grain width (GWD), grain area (GA) and grain sphericity (GS) differed significantly among all genotypes, indicating the presences of genetic variability. Yield related traits like SPS, NGS, and GYP is positively and highly correlated with GL, GW, GA and GS which exhibited the importance of these indices in studied germpl...
Humaira Gul1*, Muhammad Junaid Yousaf1*, Fawad Ali1, Mamoona Rauf1, Farhad Ali2 and Iqthedar Ali3
...Different growth parameters based on physiological functioning and biochemical aspects were observed for various physical and chemical properties of soil provided to plants for growth optimization.. Barley flourished only well in sandy soil. The number of leaves, branches, fruits, plant height, proteins, and chlorophylls were significantly (P<0.05) increased in sandy soil proportion whereas in soil analysis moisture, hygroscopic water, pH, cation exchange c...
Lopamudra Samantaray*, Yashaswi Nayak
...Antibiotic Growth Promoters (AGPs), which may have driven consumer demand for antibiotic-free animal yield, have necessitated research towards a safer natural alternative, such as the use of phytobiotic essential oils (EOs). The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of phytobiotic EOs on laying hen performance, physical characteristics, and egg cholesterol content. A total of 280 birds aged 70 days were enrolled in the study, which included seven e...
Pham Tan Nha*, Le Thu Thuy
...3 factorial) with 2 factors. Factor fermentation: Yeast-fermented maize (YM), Yeast-fermented broken rice (YR), Probiotic fermented maize (PM). Factor protein level: 20% (CP20) and 16% (CP16). One hundred and eighty Noi chickens at 6 weeks of age (334±9.5 g/bird), and 10 birds per unit (balanced sex) were in the treatment. All treatments were added 4% (DM) of fermented feed to the basal diet. The trial lasted 9 weeks with Noi chickens from 6 to 14 weeks...
Chanathip Thammakarn1*, Sawanya Umphonphison1, Paitoon Kaewhom2, Kanokrat Srikijkasemwat1
...e present study is the first nationwide serological prevalence of PCV2 antibody report since two decades of PCV2 vaccines was applied in Thailand. The results proved that high prevalence of PCV2 immunity was established, with the most population had antibody titer fall in low positive, while some of viremic pigs still presented, determined that the routine vaccination programs used in farms can control PCV2 efficiently since continuing vaccination.
Key...
Supply Response Analysis of Gram in the Context of Prices and Non-Prices Factors in Punjab, Pakistan
Naheed Zahra*, Muhammad Qasim, Muhammad Azam Niazi, Muhammad Ishaq and Mubbashira Nazir
...price and non-price factors and to analyze gram production scenario at Punjab, Pakistan by applying ARDL approach. In this study secondary data was used from 1980 to 2018. The estimated results of the study revealed that own prices of gram pulse have positive but statistically insignificant impact on pulses’ production. This can possibly be explained by the fact that pulses are considered a risky crop due to yield fluc...
Noor-us-Sabah1*, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Tayyab Boota1, Muhammad Luqman2, Ghulam Sarwar1, Amir Aziz1 and Ameer Hamza1
...stify;">Organic fertilizers incorporation to soil has become an imperative need in order to achieve sustainable agricultural productivity. Since, incorporation of organic fertilizers improve soil properties and subsequently increased availability of nutrient particularly phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). A pot study was performed to identify the effect of organic fertilizers on bioavailabi...
Abdullah Al Musabbir1, Md Abedur Rahman2*, Naveed Anjum2, 3 and Mustajab Ali4,5
...y blades and roller cutters on residue management in the planter. A new rotary blade (Blade B) along with roller cutter was designed and their effect on the residue management was investigated. However, to justify the effectiveness of newly designed rotary blade, the traditional blade (Blade A) was also considered in addition to Blade B. Experimental results showed that the straw accumulation in strip tillage in anchored residues by using Blade A in straw heig...
Agha Mushtaque Ahmed1*, Fahad Nazir Khoso1, Ali Zachi Abdulqader Alhilfi2, Sohail Ahmed Otho1, Qurban Ali3, Din Muhammad Soomro1 and Zubair Ahmed Soomro1
...ffected. For last few years, a substantial consideration has been given globally to different botanical oils due to their pesticidal properties and environmental safety. In this context, we evaluated the insecticidal effect of four botanical oils against C. maculatus including neem seeds (Azadirachta indica A. Juss), rocket seeds (Erucas sativa Mill.), cotton seeds (Gossypium hirsutum L.) and mustard seeds (Brassica nigra L....
Sara Magdy Hashim1, Elshaimaa Ismael2, Mohamed Tarek3, Faten Fathy Mohammed1*, Fatma Amer Abdel Reheem3, Rawhia Esawy Doghaim1
...c health, this subtype firstly was detected in Egypt in 2016 from wild birds. In the present study, samples were collected from 100 Egyptian domestic ducks of different ages from seven Egyptian governorates from period 2018 to 2020. Tissue specimens were allocated for HPAI H5N8 diagnosis using rRT-PCR and the results were 66 positive samples with the highest incidence in the Giza governorate. The winter season showed the highest incidence with 28 positive samp...
Ahmed Abdul Gafar
...he impacts affected sectors and subsectors differently which would advocate different approach to the challenges faced. The main objective of this study is to highlight how the COVID-19 pandemic lockdown affected the activities of the rice farmers, the rice supply chain to find out if the general view of the impact from literatures is similar or different and then propose pro-active measur...
Ifrah Amjad1, Muhammad Nouman Khalid1*, Muhammad Kashif1, Muhammad Noman1, Sajid Ali2, Rizwan Ahmed Shaikh3, Muhammad Babar4, Muhammad Asim Bhutta5 and Amna Bibi5
...gh yielding local cultivars. All Sub1 genotypes showed less elongation percentages than Super Basmati and KSK-133 while maximum survival percentage was observed in IR-07-F289 Sub1 followed by Swarna Sub1 and FR-13A. Five rice genotypes (FR-13A, Swarna Sub1, Ciherang Sub1, IR-07-F289 Sub1 and IR-44 Sub1) along with two high yielding local varieties (KSK-133 and Super Basmati) were evaluated under submergence stress in field conditions. The field experiments wer...
Mushtaq Hussain Soomro1, Jan Muhammad Mari1, Imtiaz Ahmed Nizamani1, Arfan Ahmed Gilal2* and Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar2
...ovelty Statement | The first systematic study conducted in the date palm hub of Pakistan i.e., Khairpur, Sindh using food baits along with aggregation pheromone (Ferrolure+). The addition of sugarcane and date palm stems significantly enhance the capture of RPW in Ferrolure+ traps, suggesting its inclusion in integrated RPW management can reduce the use of synthetic pesticides.
...
Emtiaz Ibrahim Ghoniem, Gaber Mamdouh Abdelgalil, Amira Farouk Gad* and El-Sayed Hassan Eshra
...tatement | This is the first study to investigate the sub-lethal effects of CuSO4 on biochemical interactions of land snail, Theba pisana. Our findings will contribute to understand the biochemical defects of CuSO4.
...
Shama Sadaf1*, Komal Hassan1, Ayesha Saeed1 and Zeeshan Ahmad2
... all samples after 22 hours, but after six days only one colony of microorganism was appeared on treated fabric, while nine colonies was observed on untreated cotton sample The cotton fabric treated with B. monosperma and L. chinensis exhibited 100% reduction after 22 hours and even after six days interval. In case of mechanical properties (Tensile strength, Tear strength) antimicrobial finish had made positive effect on cot...
Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Rizwan2,3*, Tanveer Ahmad4, Muhammad Kashif5, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Ali6, Asghar Abbas7, Safder Imran8, Sidra Saher9, Syeda Fakhra Waheed10
...adopting special parameters of participatory disease surveillance (PDS). Data analysis showed that FMD, theileriosis, and HS are the most important, of which FMD was found to be most common diseases in study area. Other main livestock health problems observed during study was respiratory syndrome, mastitis, enterotoxaemia, tick and mite infestations and pox disease. There was no proof of rinderpest occurrence since long in area of examination. Participatory di...
Bilal Atta1*, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Syed Sultan Ali1, Muhammad Rizwan2, Muhammad Dildar Gogi3, Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Tahir Hussain Awan4, Tahir Latif4, Mohsin Ali Raza1, Muhammad Afzal5 and Nadeem Rehman6
...neum on four rice cultivars (Super Basmati, Basmati 515, Super Basmati 2019 and Super Gold) and their components (Paddy, Brown rice and Polished rice) under controlled conditions. Results indicated that maximum growth rate (64.00), grain damage (76.67%), and grain weight loss (5.15%) were recorded on polished rice of Basmati 515 as compared to other cultivars and their components. Tribolium castaneum preferably feeds on all ...
Naila Shahzadi1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Azizullah1, Muhamamd Farooq Bhatti2, Shaukat Ali1, Muhamamd Summer1 and Farman Ahmad Chaudhary3
...atement | The study is first of its kind of analysis for feed supplements of natural products such as sericin and honey have improved the quality and quantity of silkworm and silk cacoons.
...
Muhammad Khalid Bhatti, Khalil Ahmed*, Ghulam Shabir, Muhammad Irfan, Muhammad Ashfaq Anjum, Muhammad Sarfraz, Amar Iqbal Saqib, Abdul Wakeel, Hafeezullah Rafa, Nadeem Iqbal, Muhammad Qaisar Nawaz, Ghulam Qadir, Muhammad Rizwan and Muhammad Faisal Nawaz
...ver, a great genetic diversity exists within rice species for salinity tolerance. Therefore, a study was executed to identify salinity tolerance of seventeen advance rice lines based on of agronomic characters and Na and K contents. Advance lines of rice namely, SRI-22, SRI-23, SRI-24, SRI-25, SRI-26, SRI-27, SRI-28, SRI-29, SRI-30, SRI-31, SRI-32, SRI-33, SRI-34, SRI-35, SRI-36, SRI-37, and SRI-38 were transplanted in cemen...
Arif Mehmood1*, Muhammad Naeem2, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1, Muhammad Asam Riaz1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1, Nadra Khan3 and Waqas Raza4
...h, Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi. Quantitative habitat webs and diversity indices show that scrapyard, animal sheds, and residential areas were the most abundant habitats respectively, while areas near stream were found to be the least abundant habitats. These microhabitats, which are the most abundant ones act as hotspots in case of mosquito-borne epidemic, which should be targeted to control epidemic....
Hafiz Husnain Nawaz1*, Ayesha Ahsan2, Amir Afzal1, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah1, Muhammad Jan1, Kashif Ali1, Muhammad Arsalan1 and Rizwan Latif3
...ws naturally in Pakistan’s highlands. This is commonly known “Bhang” in Pakistan. This study is an attempt to recognize the C. sativa plant’s wonderful physiochemical qualities and socioeconomic benefits. Antioxidants abound in C. sativa extract, thanks to its high phenolic content. It’s a high-polyunsaturated acid crop that&rs<...
Md. Aminul Islam1*, SM Mostafizur Rahaman Sumon1, ANM Aminoor Rahman2, Fahima Khatun3
...iseases are crucial factors in reducing dairy production. To find out the efficacy of locally available anthelmintics against helminths, anthelmintic treatments were given to dairy cows in five different farms of Gazipur, Bangladesh and the helminth parasitic loads of dairy cows were determined before and after treatment by Modified Stoll’s Dilution Technique using a McMaster counting chamber. A total of 85 faecal samp...
Ahmed M. El-Waziry1,2*, Saeid M. Basmaeil1, Ibrahim A. Alhidary1, Gamaleldin M. Suliman1,3, Mutassim M. Abdelrahman1, Maged A. Al-Garadi1
...o the improved feed conversion rate. Studies indicate the effect of ionophores on the characteristics and quality of the carcass have been limited. Ionophoers may be enhanced the concentration of unsaturated fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The benefits of these acids with respect to human health include lower cholesterol and blood pressure and a reduced incidence of diabetes. There have been few studies on th...
Emel Hulya Yukseloglu1, Fatma Cavus Yonar1*, Omer Karatas1, Gulten Rayimoglu1, Faruk Asicioglu1, Elif Canpolat1, Onur Ozturk2 and Itir Erkan3
...les found in mass disasters and criminal events by using the 6-dye GlobalFilerTM amplification kit with 21 autosomal STR loci in our laboratory for validation purpose and routine use. In this regard, swab samples from different regions of Turkey (n=350) were collected and studied. The validation of the GlobalFilerTM Amplification Kit was carried out in accordance with the guidelines published by the Scientific Working Group on DNA Analysi...
Shahrokh Mojarradgandoukmolla* and Hasan Akan
...nd hematological parameters in rats treated with ethanol. Phytochemical analysis of seeds and leaves of these taxa was performed by GC-MASs and their morphological evaluation was performed by SEM electron microscopy. Hematological and biochemical variables such as hepatic enzymes activity, glucose, lipid profile, ESR, CRP, renal function tests, and oxidative biomarkers were measured. Histological evaluation was also performe...
Ahmad Zaman, Azhar Rafique*, Farhat Jabeen and Tayyaba Sultana
...o find out the avian diversity of district Chiniot, Pakistan. The surveys were performed from March, 2020 to February 2021 on weekly basis, using point count method for the collection of data. Naked eyes and binocular telescope (10x50) were used to count the birds and camera was used to photograph the birds. The study area was divided into two major landscapes types such as open field area (agricultural land, river Chenab sides, canals and cemeteries) and buil...
Monis Hussain Shah1*, Rizwan Rafique2,6, Munawar Almas1, Muhammad Usman3, Sadia Yasin4 and Sajida Bibi5
...l fruits. Secondly the nurseries stocks of fruit plants should be certified, the small land holders should be supported by the government incentives for specific fruit production. Research according to the modern steps regarding plant protection measures, introduction of exotic varieties and use of Biotechnological tools for crop improvement should be adopted for better yield and production....
Riaz Noor Panhwar1*, Abdul Fatah Soomro1, Muhammad Chohan1, Illahi Bux Bhatti1, Ali Hassan Mari1, Samia Arain1 and Sagheer Ahmad2
...atic conditions. It confers a sound economic base to the sugar industry and also supports paper and chipboard manufacturing industry. The rapid human population growth in the country has increased the sugar demand. The present position of low yield and recovery in sugarcane stipulates the breeders to take realistic innovative attempts in varietal development programs to evaluate and release new sugarcane of high cane and sug...
Khunsa Khakwani1*, Muhammad Asif1, Zaheer Ahmed2, Ghulam Sarwar1, Yasmeen Abbassi2 and Ghulam Murtaza2
...are very crucial parameters for a cotton breeding program. Five varieties namely FH-414, FH-415, FH-490, FH-492, and FH-ANMOL were used as lines and crossed with three testers namely NIAB- SANAM, CIM-602, and EYE-111 during the year 2019-20. Data was recorded for plant height (PH), number of monopodial branches (MB), number of sympodial branches (SB), number of bolls/plant (BP), boll weight (BW), ginning out turn (GOT), fibe...
Umair Faheem1*, Madiha Mobeen Khan2, Qurban Ali3, Muhammad Jamil4, Wajiha Anum2, Mashal Rehman2, Imran Akhtar2, Mussurrat Hussain1, Qaisar Abbas1, Ghayour Ahmad5 and Abrar Ahmad6
... yield and yield parameters on Brassica juncea. Five varieties/strains i.e. BRJ-9070, BRJ-9072, BRJ-1004, BRJ-1104 and KP Raya were grown in two sets with Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) and there were three replications. No pesticides used on untreated block and natural populations of aphids were allowed to develop to estimate losses while and aphid population was recorded every 10 days intervals, while the treated blocks were kept free from aphids by...
Uzma Hameed1*, Aneela Liaqat1, Muhammad Asjad Khan2, Ikram-Ul-Haq1 and Maham Aslam1
...rmentation (SSF) parameters. In this context, the fermentation rate for optimal alpha-amylase production was optimized using a solid substrate, wheat bran. Optimal enzyme production (2.1±0.15 U/ml) was achieved with 48 hours fermentation period. A considerable increase in enzyme activity (4.5±0.031 U/ml) was observed when diluent with initial pH of 7 was used. Among different carbon sources (maltose, glucose, s...
Farah Naz1*, Asad Umair2 and Ghazala Noureen3
...e”-a term that refers slowing down the spread of the disease in order to prevent healthcare facilities from being overwhelmed by too many new patients. However, lockdowns and related strategies designed to minimize the spread of the pandemic, like early detection, isolation of confirmed cases, and social distancing, were build and implemented on the assumption that COVID-19 is simply a health emergency that demands solutions from the life science alone. ...
Andi Tenri Bau Astuti Mahmud1, Lellah Rahim2, Muhammad Ihsan Andi Dagong2*, Sri Rachma Aprilita Bugiwati2, Wempie Pakiding2
...of the selection parameters for Kalosi chickens.
Keywords | Kalosi Chicken, RFI, Feed Efficiency, Carcass Quality, Physical Meat Quality, Growth Traits.
...
Eighty Mardiyan Kurniawati1*, Budi Santoso1, Fedik Abdul Rantam2, Widjiati3, Budi Iman Santoso4, Tri Hastono Setyo Hadi1, Gatut Hardianto1, Hari Paraton1
... weighed 3-4.5 kg. The first stage of the study created a model of a vesicovaginal fistula. The second stage of the study closed the vesicovaginal fistula which was successfully created in the first stage. The study used a post-test-only control group design. The histological examination included fibroplasia, angiogenesis, re-epithelialization, and collagen deposition on day 21. Data were analyzed descriptively and statistic...
Kamel Etman Ibrahim Etman*, Salah Kamal Sayed, Farouk Amin El-Sayed, Abd-Alghany Hasaneen Ghoniem, Mostafa Mohamed El-Nahrawy, Mona Ahmed Alsayed Farag
... Rumen and blood parameters were also studied. First group (10 animals) were received control ration which contains 60 % concentrate feed mixture (CFM), 30 % corn silage (CS) and 10 % alfalfa hay (AH). The 2nd and 3rd animal groups were fed control ration supplemented with 5 gm probiotics bacteria and 10 gm fibrolytic enzyme per head , respectively. The experiment lasted about 180 days. Animals fed rations B and C appeared...
M. Mansoor Javed*, M. Aslam Mirza, M. Aziz ur Rehman and M. Saif ur Rahman
...eight gain and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were significantly (P<0.05) positively affected in response to diets having FFSB processed at 90°C for 45 minutes. Processing FFSB at 90°C for 15 minutes resulted in lowest weight gain, while poor FCR was observed in the birds fed FFSB processed at 110°C for 45 minutes. Extending the toasting time from 15 to 45 min improved FCR at 90°C. The AME and AMEn values were non-significant (P>0.05) across...
Mochamad Rizal Umami1, Zainuri*2, Sebastiana Viphindrartin2 and Rafael Purtomo Somaji2
...rtaken by sugarcane farmers, to reveal the role of social capital in shaping the sugarcane trade system during the pandemic. This research is a qualitative research that uses primary data from interviews with key informants by multistage sampling technique. The data processing includes data reduction, data display using Decision Explorer version 3.3 software. Data were analyzed through descriptive methods and content analysi...
Farrukh Shehzad1, Muhammad Islam1,2*, Muhammad Omar3, Syed Ijaz Hussain Shah4, Rizwan Ahmed5 and Naeem Sohail6
...), Punjab for the years 2016-17 to 2019-2020. Three generated datasets (D2, D3 and D4) were used to optimize the model performance. The heat plot map shows very strong significance of correlation matrix for D3 and D4, while it was low for D1 and D2. The modified RFR produced lowest values of error for all the datasets, comparing with benchmark DTR and MLR (ErrorMLR > ErrorDTR > ErrorRFR). The modified RFR found best fitted model for the prediction of...
Jinzhao He1, Pengfei Feng2, Junqi Qin2, Yun Teng1, Xu Luo2*, Zigui Chen1*, Huawei Ma2* and Dayan Zhou1
...anism contributes to understanding the genetic mechanism of red tilapia and improving the body shape....
Amber Iqbal1, Mahroze Fatima2, Syed Z. H. Shah3,*, Muhammad Afzal1, Moazama Batool4, Muhammad Bilal5, Naheed Bano6, Ayesha Khizar2 and Sumbal Iqbal7
Ergi Bahrioglu1, Mustafa Hac Isa2, Sibel Cengiz2 and Ertan Ercan2*
... 150 worms/unit (2.2 Liters of cylindrical containers), and all the experiments were carried out in the dark at a constant temperature at 18oC. Worms were collected from the substrate by heat treatment and the counting was done manually, using dissection tools. Proximate composition of the produced white worms was measured with regard to given ratios of the protein, carbohydrate and lipid sources provided from the feed mater...
He-Cai Zhang, Tian-Ge Hu, Chang-Ying Shi, Guang-Wen Chen* and De-Zeng Liu
... explore the genetic diversity, genetic structure and demographic history of D. japonica in Taihang Mountains, the mitochondrial Cytb and nuclear ITS-1 sequences of 120 individuals from 20 populations were analyzed. The results showed that 46 haplotypes were detected in total, including 10 shared haplotypes and 36 private ones. The overall haplotype diversity (Hd) and nucleotide diversity ...
Assessment of Dietary Requirement of Vitamin E for Rohu, Labeo rohita Fingerlings Fed Practical Diet
Uzma Zulfiqar1, Mahroze Fatima2, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah3*, Muhammad Afzal1, Shazia Shamas3, Sadia Roshan3, Moazama Batool4 and Muhammad Bilal5
...he diet. However, an inverse relation was recorded between the contents of liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and vitamin E level in the diet. Moreover, analysis of fatty acids profile showed decrease in saturated and monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs). While, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were increased in all vitamin E supplemented diets compared to control grou...
Hashem Saeed Murad1*, Salah Jassem Amin2, Rawa’a Muhammad Al-Chalabi3, Mahmood Khalaf Wasmi4 and Sundus Salim5
...icultural extension workers in the Domain of climate change in Duhok Governorate Furthermore, the correlation of knowledge degree among the agricultural extension workers was determined based on the following independent variables: (age, gender, upbringing, academic qualification, specialization, duration of service in agricultural extension, training courses, and the use of information so...
Most. Shakila Sarmin1,2, Md. Ashekur Rahman1,2, Most. Farida Parvin2,3, Mst. Shefaly Khatun4, Kazi Ahsan Habib5, Wasim Sabbir6, Jun Ohtomi7 and Md. Yeamin Hossain1*
Khalid Farooq, Muhammad Tahir and Nazir Ahmad Khan*
Sumaria Maqsood1*, Muhammad Ali 2, Amna Shoaib3, Shahbaz Ahmad2 and Noor-ul-Ain2
Muhammad Saif-ur Rehman1, Faiz-ul Hassan1* and Muhammad Sajjad Khan2
...n: justify;">Genetic diversity and relationship among 10 indigenous cattle breeds (Sahiwal, Red Sindhi, Cholistani, Dajal, Dhanni, Rojhan, Lohani, Hissar, Hariana and Tharparkar) were analysed using RAPD markers. A total of 80 RAPD primers were used for PCR amplification of DNA from the cattle breeds. The PCR products were analyzed by agarose gel electrophoresis. Scoring of bands were perf...
Cristina Stanca Moise1*, Cornelia Chimisliu2, Mihaela Arinton3, Tom Brereton4 and George Moise1
...că Moise between the years 2000-2020; as well as the previous work and personal communications of Cornelia Chimişliu (2010-2019), Mihaela Arinton (2003) and N. Olenici (2018). After collation of all data sources, 225 locations for the species were identified in 37 counties (each containing Natura 2000 sites) along with Bucharest City. Based on these data we have drawn a map of the distribution of this species in Romania&
Saba Rehman1, Faisal Salih Hayat1, Sadia Norin2, Abdul Aziz1, Siddiq Ur Rahman1* and Noor ul Haq1*
...in the last couple of years. This has created major havoc and concern because it has affected millions of people around the world. The new variants of covid-19 are classified into two types, VOI (variant of interest) and VOC (variant of concern). The major variants of concern (VOCs) have shared mutations in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The spike proteins of...
Asim Zubair1*, Zohaib Atta Mehdie2, Iffat Batool3, Ghulam Akbar Malik4 and Ayesha Aziz5
...s affecting rapidly that’s why Production and growth rate of Agriculture is badly affected because of it. Its destruction on Agriculture sector is massive in Pakistan. Changing in climate is directly affecting the livelihoods of Agricultural communities in Pakistan. It has also become the reason of rising temperature and lot of other problems in agriculture sector like food production, quality, and quantity of food is decreasing. Rising temperature effec...
Talat Farid Ahmed1*, Muhammad Azeem Afzal1, Hashim Nisar Hashmi2, Hafiz Muhammad Yousuf2, Shamim-ul-Sibtain Shah1 and Muhammad Atiqullah Khan1
... sand stone and thin layers of clay. GWL at Sanjwal Cantt sites was at 50 ft average depth having low to moderate yield of water and the formation had dominance of sand with alternate layers of clay against resistivity between 25-86 ohm-m. The study concluded that electrical resistivity survey (ERS) is a sound method for measuring GWL in sandy aquife
Zaheer Ahmed Lashari1, Muhammad Saleem Sarki1, Saleem Maseeh Bhatti1, Muhammad Sachal Khokhar1 and Zohaib ur Rehman Bughio2*
...zed for selected parameters. Afterwards, a field experiment was executed to study the effect of prepared composts and their integration with inorganic fertilizer on growth and yield of onion (Allium cepa L.). The treatments were: T1=Control (No NPK and/or Compost), T2=Recommended NPK (120-60-60 kg ha-1), T3=Compost 1 (15 tons ha-1), T4=Compost 2 (15 tons ha-1), T5 Compost 3 (15 tons ha-1), T6=Compost 1 (10 tons ha-1) +1/2 NPK, T7=Compost 2 (10 tons ha-1) +1/2 ...
Farah Abid1,2, Mohammad Saleem1,3*, Tahir Maqbool4, Tania Ahmed Shakoori5, Faheem Hadi4, Tahir Muhammad4, Saira Aftab4, Yasir Hassan7 and Shabana Akhtar4,6*
...ts using Complete Freund’s Adjuvant (CFA) and treated with different concentrations of E-AM (250, 500 or 750 mg/kg), and with standard treatment, piroxicam (10 mg/kg). Antioxidant assays (superoxide dismutase and catalase) and histopathological examination were performed to determine the values of various parameters of inflammation and arthritis. Real-Time PCR technique was applied to analyze the expression levels of d...
Shaolin Zeng, Shuai Yuan* and Kai Liu
...oxidative stress indicators of myocardial tissue of rats in the sevoflurane group was detected by ELISA. We found that the inhibition expressed by content of miR-26a-5p in rats after post-ischemic treatment with sevoflurane inhibited the anti-inflammatory effect of post-ischemic treatment with sevoflurane. The post-ischemic treatment with sevoflurane promoted the activity of SOD, CAT as well as GSH-Px, and inhibited MDA and ROS levels, while miR-26a-5p inhibit...
Saima Rubab1,3*, Ghazala H Rizwani2, Arjumand Iqbal Durrani3, Iram Liaqat4*, Urooj Zafar5, Mahjabeen6, Farah Batool7, Noor-E- Seher3, Naveera Younas3 and Ayesha Sadiqa8
...used for thousands of years in different region of the globe for the treatment of various diseases. In developing countries, traditional medicines are used as source of primary health care. Keeping in view the importance of Camellia sinensis L., present investigation was aimed to evaluate the phytochemical and pharmacological potential of different morphological parts of C. sinensis L. Successive extractions of all plant parts was performed with different solv...
Sumreen Begum, Atta-ur-Rahman and Asmat Salim*
...nes were analyzed by reverse transcriptase PCR in neonatal and adult rat kidney tissues. These genes were divided into three categories. Group 1: renal multipotent progenitor genes; Group 2: self-renewal and pluripotency genes; Group 3 pluripotent state regulator genes. In neonates, renal progenitor genes Wt1, Pax2, Cad6, Six2 and HNF1β were significantly expressed with concomitant expression of pluripotency genes. Nanog was highly expressed as compared t...
Lei Zeng1,2,3,4, Pimao Chen1,2,3,4, Zhenzhao Tang1,3,4, Jie Yu1,2,3,4 and Guobao Chen1,2,3,4*
...nvolving density, biodiversity and spatial heterogeneity of nekton community were studied in Beibu Gulf China. The spatial pattern of nekton community was clearly classified into two groups (A and B) in April 2017. However, the variation of nekton densities between A (48529 ind/km2) and B (30220 ind/km2) was not significant (P= 0.17). Therefore, the ecological effects evaluation of AR merely based on density assessment is not sensitive enough. Shannon-Wiener d...
Ahmed Fathy1, Rania A. Hassan2, Essam S. Soliman3*
...ilk (DIM/days), age at first calving (AFC/months), calving interval (CI/months), days open (DO/days), dry period (DP/weeks), number of services per conception (SPC rate), and days to first insemination (DFI/days). The raw data on 927 buffaloes (763 crossbred and 164 Baladi buffaloes) were collected from a dairy farm in Al Sharqia governorate- Egypt. The results showed that MY/kg, DIM/days, AFC/months, CI/months, DO/days, DP/...
Abdurakhim E. Kuchboev1*, Mehmonjon Kh. Egamberdiyev2
...6.8%. In addition, the first informs of P. maydanica, C. levanderi and D. reticulatum as natural intermediate hosts for M. capillaris are given.
Keywords | Lungworms, Protostrongylids, Land molluscs, Morphological, Molecular identification, Prevalence
...
Edhy Sudjarwo, Muharlien Muharlien, Osfar Sjofjan, Danung Nur Adli, Dyah Lestari Yulianti*
...eplications. The parameters observed was growth performance, microclimate, and health. The cage location consisted Z1: near inlet; Z2: middle of housing; Z3; near outlet. Result were analyses general linear model (GLM) and if there is a significant effect (p < 0.05) continued with Duncan multiple ranged tests. The effect of cage locations was presented significant differences (p < 0.05) on the average daily feed intake (ADFI), egg mass, temperature, NH3 ...
Ghazala Nasreen1, Ali Hussain2, Komal Tayyab1, Muhammad Rashid3 and Sumaira Aslam1*
...d dysfunction of the livers in the fingerlings of the treatment group T1. However, the moderate production of hepatic enzymes, elevated levels of total soluble proteins (8073.00 ± 848 mg mL−1) and high hepatosomatic indices (0.913) for the fingerlings of the treatment group T4, thus, declare the productive utility of bioflocs-amended commercial fish feed with 10 % weekly water exchange to achieve optimum growth of the grass carp....
Xuan Liang, Rongfang Zhang, Yan Xu, Hui Yang, Li Guo, Feiyang Na and Donghai Liu*
...ity and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling pathways in adjuvant treatment of children with recurrent respiratory tract infections (RRTI). A total of 138 children with RRTI admitted to our hospital from May 2017 to May 2019 were selected as the study subjects and randomly divided into 3 groups with 46 cases in each group. The 3 groups were given conventional treatment. On this basis, control group A was given spleen aminopeptide adjuvant treatment, the contro...
Nourhan M.M. Hassnin, Ali H.H. Ali and Hosny H. Kesba*
...icantly nematode parameters meanwhile BS F1 was insignificant. Levels of ClabZIP59 and ClabZIP52 genes expression were upregulated significantly in nematode infected treatments compared to the check. Root exudates of Aswan F1/6001 F1 (HR) and Aswan F1/BS F1 (MS) cultivars were analyzed by GC/MS/MS and revealed that the most abundant components in the root exudates were fatty acids, terpenoids, alkaloids, alcohols, and este
Alia Tajdar1,3, Shaghef Ejaz2, Muhammad Shah Zaib1, Anum Ishfaq1, Syed Muhammad Zaka1*, Hafiz Muhammad Safeer1 and Khalid Abbas1
...tain the quality parameters of fruits after harvesting, is an important aspect of post-harvest management. For the management of fruit fly and to keep the natural quality of fruit after harvesting different methods are used (cultural practices, mechanical practices, biological practices), but chemical control practices are dominant among all. Besides quick and effective outcomes of chemical control. It also has side effects (residues in fruits, human health is...
Chunlan Shan1, Chaoying Liu1, Qin Lu1, Guowen Fu2, Syed Aftab Hussain Shah3, Rana Waseem Akhtar4, Ru Zhao2, Libo Gao2, Chang Liu2, Shushu Miao2, Hongdan Wang2 and Hong Gao2*
... element of pathogenic Yersiniabactin (Ybt) carries out synthesis, regulation, transportation as well as virulence. As a virulent determinant for the E. coli, the role of HPI in Saba pig was explored to provide some perspective about disease association. This is the first study in which 44 E. coli superior serotype strains were isolated and identified from Yunnan Saba pigs. The genomic DNA...
Amal G. Abdelrahman1, Nabil A. Yassien1, Hussein M.H. Mohamed1, Khaled S. Tolba2, Heba H.S. Abdel-Naeem1*
...s using natural tenderizers will not only provide a good affordable source of protein but will also provide economic benefits to the poultry meat industry. Therefore, this study aims to appropriate utilization of this meat to produce less expensive and highly nutritious value-added chicken meat patties. In this context, five groups of spent hen meat patties were formulated as follows: The first and 2nd groups were treated wi...
Doaa H. Assar1, Rasha A. Al Wakeel2, Mahmoud M. El-Maghraby3, Mohammed M. El-Badawy3, Adel A. El-Badawy3, Wael M. Nagy3, Mustafa S. Atta2, Abdel-Khalek E. Abdel Khalek4*
...roduction, blood parameters, and antioxidant status of ewes and the performance of their lambs during May breeding season. Crossbred ewes (n=48, 1/2 Finish Landrace x 1/2 Ossimi) with 2-5 y old at late pregnancy were distributed into four groups, 12 ewes in each. The controls were fed a control diet without supplementation. The other three groups were fed the same diet supplemented with allicin at the level of 0, 0.4, 0.8, and 1.2 g/kg, respectively. The exper...
Sheeza Iqbal* and Asima Azam
...and associated risk factors among male and female patients. The cross-sectional study was conducted at Qazi Hussain Ahmed Medical Complex from March to July 2020 in district Nowshera, Pakistan. A total of 150 patients with sciatica were analysed. All the patients were diagnosed with MRI, CT scan, spinal X-rays and straight leg raising (SLR) test. Of the 150 sciatica patients, 88 (58.7%) were females and 62 (41.3%) males. The prevalence of sciatica was found to...
Ilhama G. Kerimova1*, Viktor A.Krivokhatsky2, Merve N. Aydemir3 and Lala N. Mamedova4
...e article presents the first report on the DNA analysis of the lacewing insects of Azerbaijan. A total of 25 species of antlions, mantidflies and owlflies were DNA barcoded.
...
Muhammad Yaseen1*, Muhammad Luqman1*, Bushra Pervaiz2, Rana Shahzad Noor3, Muhammad Ameen4, Sadia Hassan3 and Wassi Abbas1
...e change, natural disasters and natural calamities. Therefore, rural advisory services to improve food security among the farming community are imperative. The present study was designed to explore various rural advisory service mechanisms for improving food security in the Sargodha district. The sample size of the study was 120 farmers. An interview schedule was used as a research instrument for data collection using the fa...
Faisal Khurshid1*, Asad Ullah1 and Sana Manan2
...novations among the farmers community. The data were collected by using stratified random sampling technique. A sample size of 322 farmers was selected randomly from three villages namely Palosai, Badizai and Shahi Bala of the District Peshawar, Pakistan. The conceptual framework of the study comprised of an independent variable (knowledge of innovations) and dependent variable (adoption of agricultural innovations). Chi-squ...
Shabana Parveen1*, Naeem Tariq Narejo2, Ayaz Hussain Qadri1, Ghulam Dastagir3, Muhammad Hanif Chandio4, Pervaiz Khan4, Faheem Saddar5, Naveed Ahmad Abro6, Shahnaz Rashid7 and Ghulam Abbas7
... with other body parameters, variation in egg size and calculation of gonadosomatic index. The results of fecundity estimation were based on 10 mature female fish ranging in size 30.4 to 43 cm and from 235.0 to 765.0 g in length and weight respectively. The lowest egg production (2193) was noted from small sized and highest was recorded (11830 eggs) from large fish. Egg production ability was noted ideally co-related by weight of ovary in relation to length an...
Muhammad Azam1*, Shaista Naz1*, Malik Muhammad Shafi2, Muhammad Jamil Afridi3 and Ahmad Waheed4
...sment of farm households’ food security by using of 2450 kcal/Day/AE. Descriptive statistics, binary logistic regression, frequencies, and percentages were the main-statistical techniques for data analysis. It has been found that majority of the farm households (65%) were food secure, still the issue of food insecurity prevailed among the 35% of the farm households. The positive determinants included family type, monthly income, and small ruminants, whil...
Umar M. Bello1*, Samuel A. Ojo1, Abdurrahman Ghaji1, Ambrose A. Voh (Jr)2, Muazu N. Bappah3, Casmir O. Igbokwe4
...ays apart. Vaginal smears were stained using a modified Papanicolaou method while the vaginal or rectal temperatures (oC) was recorded with a standard (dry-bulb) clinical thermometer taken from 07:30 to 08:30 hrs daily and monitored throughout the period of experiment. In vaginal cytological smear examination, five exfoliated cell types were identifiable viz; anucleated superficial cells, superficial nucleated cells, inte...
Adrial Adrial1*, Rudy Priyanto2, Salundik Salundik2, Ahmad Yani2, Luki Abdullah3
...yed age at puberty and first calving, delayed postpartum estrus and longer calving interval.
Keywords | Calcium, Phosphorus, Copper, Peatland, Reproductive Performance
...
Ibrahim Samir Abd El-Hamid1, Alaa Emara Rabee2, Moustafa Mohamed M. A. Ghandour2, Rasha Salah Mohammed3, Ahmed Mohamed. Sallam4
...bucks were formed. The first group (control, n=4) served as the control group. The second group (n=5) supplemented with 10 g/head/day of plant herb mixtures (PHM), along with turmeric (Curcuma longa), ginger (Zingiber officinaleor), and garlic (Allium sativum). The third group (n=5) supplemented with 5 g/head/day of commercial Quebracho tannins extract (QT). The findings showed that the PHM and QT groups had higher (P≤0.05) mean values of sperm concentratio...
Samiya Rehman*, Eman Mustafa, Ali Ahmad Faiz, Maheen Kanwal, Farkhanda Yasmin and Arooj Fatima
...cultural and family factors. In this regard geographical location and neurobiological circuits also acts supportive factors of addiction. As the rate of drugs usage has increased from era of industrialization, so now it is prevalent everywhere in rural and urban areas also in educational institutions of different countries of the world. Drug addiction has impacts on health and caused unbearable mental as well as emotional pa...
Amir Abdullah Khan and Muhammad Irfan*
...mpounds. Various parameters were optimized to obtain maximum bioactive compounds production. Maximum antifungal activity was observed at temperature 37°C, pH 8, inoculum size 2.5% and 24h fermentation period. These results recommended the potential utilization of Bacillus subtilis 2i for intention to control the disease causing fungus Schizophyllum sp. B2A in citrus.
Novelty Statement | It is the fi
Maskur1*, Muhammad Muhsinin1, Sulaiman Ngongu Depamede2
...goat is one of Indonesia’s prolific native goat breeds, while the Boerka goat is a crossbreed between Kacang and Boer goats. It is widely known that the ovulation rate and litter size in sheep breeds are significantly impacted by the BMP15 (FecXG) and BMPR-1B (FecB) gene alterations. Based on this knowledge, the study’s objective was to determine the presence of BMP15 and BMPR-1B gene polymorphisms and how they a...
Manzoor Ali Magsi1*, Naimatullah Laghari1, Ahmed Ali Tagar1, and Habibullah Magsi2
...iment during cropping years 2019-20 and 2020-21 respectively. Similarly, the OM ranges from 0.60 to 1.48 in the wheat experiment during 2019-20. The present experiment found that the most efficient tillage methods for the wheat crop were shallow tillage + compost and deep tillage + NPK respectively. On the other hand, the highest calcium (Deep + FM), magnesium (Deep + Poultry, Shallow + FM), chloride (Deep + NPK and compost), and carbonate and bicarbonate (Dee...
Shahid Hameed Khan Khalil1*, Abdus Subhan3, Ghani Akbar1, Muhammad Asif1, Zafar Islam1, Adnan Shakeel1 and Fawad Anwar2
...vest, and number of tillers per plant and grain weight per ear were significantly changed by the application of different amounts of water (treatment) during the two years of the experiment. Conventional irrigation showed significantly higher values of growth parameters, but was comparable to the irrigation regime applied to 50 and 75% of the field capacity. Similarly, the use of dif...
Rao Mansor Ali Khan* and Syed Amer Mahmood
...rporates almost all factors that participate in the growth and development of a particular crop. These factors include various heat fluxes (e.g., ground, sensible and latent heat flux), a variety of radiations (e.g., extraterrestrial, shortwave, longwave, and net radiations), and the photosynthesis index. In this research, the net radiations were estimated as 27,428 Wm−2 throughout the wheat growth period (WGP), includ...
Huma Abbas1*, Nazir Javed1, Muhammad Kamran2, Sajid Aleem Khan1, Abdul Jabbar1, Akhtar Hameed1, Hira Abbas3, Azhar Iqbal2 and Ehetisham-ul-Haq2
...comitantly with fertilizers on the development of root knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita and the growth of tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) plants. Tomato seedlings were transplanted in sterilized soil amended with Cartap, Virtako, Cure and Azadirachtin at their recommended doses and inoculated with 500 freshly hatched juveniles (J2s) of M. incognita. Data were recorded after 7, 14, 21 and 28 days to check the invasion and d...
Mohamed M. Bahr1, Mohamed S. Amer1*, Khaled Abo-EL-Sooud2, Shaimaa M. Kamel3, Marwa A. Fouly4, Ahmed N. Abdallah5, Ashraf A. Shamaa1, Omar S. El-Tookhy1
...induction of corneal ulcers centrally in groups (I, II) and peripherally in (III, IV). Treated groups are (I, III) using topical lyophilized canine Mesenchymal Stem Cells derived EVs & control groups are (II, IV) using topical normal saline. Result: both treated groups appeared fluorescein negative at the 5th day and are characterized by rapid reepithelization significantly earlier than control groups which were still fluorescein positive. AS-OCT (Anterior...
Wasim Akram1, Azhar Hussain2*, Sartaj Ali2, Iqbal Hussain3 and Muhammad2
... zonata and Bactrocera dorsalis, in apricot fruit orchards. Results revealed that there was a significant difference between the species and month to month. B. zonata had a substantially larger population than B. dorsalis. To predict the spatial variability of fruit fly species, geostatistical analytic techniques were used. Using an inverse distance weight with a spherical semivariogram mo...
Quang Minh Dinh1*, Tran Thi Huyen Lam2,3, Y Thi Nha Nguyen4, Thanh Minh Nguyen1 and Tien Thi Kieu Nguyen5
...ext-align: justify;">Understanding the fish’s food and feeding habits is essential in aquaculture and research on invasive species. Butis koilomatodon is one of the potential candidates for aquaculture in the Mekong Delta because it can survive in a wide range of water temperature (26–36 °C) and salinity (3.8-37.25%), but data on this fish species’ food and feeding ha...
Xiao Zhang1, Guoqing Shen1, Yang Wang1, Pengdan Huang1,2, Yan Shui2, Zenghong Xu2 and Huaishun Shen1, 2*
... the microsatellite markers available for the red swamp crayfish Procambarus clarkii are limited. In this study, a sizeable number of microsatellites were identified using the data of the P. clarkii genome survey generated from Illumina Hi-Seq PE sequencing. A total length of 1,625 Mb genomic sequences of P. clarkii were assembled based on 124 Gb raw sequencing data. Based on a Kmer analysis, the P. clarkii genome size was projected as approximately 3.6 Gb. A ...
Jin-Ming Zhao1,2, Yun Fang2 and Yue-Hua Sun2*
...e recommended investigators to use the weight loss method rather than the candling or egg floating methods to determine avian nest ages in future field studies....
Nam Thanh Nguyen1,2,3, Linh Manh Ha4, Anh Thi Nguyen5, Nam Hoang Chu5, Hau Duc Tran5, Hung Phuc Nguyen5 and Thuy Thi Ta6*
... of morphometric characters, the length-weight relationship, and the conditions for assessing and managing the fish populations is unknown. The present study tested the intersex differences in growth of morphometric characters, sexual and seasonal change in length-weight relationship, and growth conditions for this species based on a year-round (2018‒2019) wild specimen collection in nor...
I Wayan Lanus Sumadiasa*, Enny Yuliani, Lukman Lukman
...and Citrate-based extenders on spermatozoa quality of Brangus bull after sex-break. Semen samples (twelve ejaculates) were diluted in Tris-egg yolk (TEY) without GF (control group, T1), TEY with 10% GF (T2), Citrate-egg yolk (CEY) with 10% GF (T3), Citrate with 10% egg yolk and 10% GF (T4), then chill-storage. The variables quality evaluated include spermatozoa progressive motility, visibility, and abnormality. Spermatozoa quality was observed every 24 hou
Salma Bessalah1, Samira Jebahi2, Asim Faraz3*, Amel Raoufi2, Cem Tırınk4, Walid Dridi2, Mahmoud Daouad2, Hassib Keskes5, Touhami Khorchani1, Khaled Farah2, Abdul Waheed3 and Mohamed Hammadi1
... extensively used in diverse fields, mainly in pharmaceuticals and therapeutic. Herein Gelatin was newly extracted from camel (Camelus dromedarius) skin and irradiated with gamma rays from 60Co source. Gelatin was optimized and characterization and functional properties were determined. The structural changes occurring after γ-irradiation at doses from 5 to 30 kGy were reported by physico-chemical techniques such as electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR),...
Nauman Zaheer Ghumman, Muhammad Ijaz*, Arslan Ahmed, Muhammad Umar Javed, Iqra Muzammil and Ahmed Raza
...t>A) confers overwhelming economic losses to the global dairy industry. The current study was planned to investigate the S. aureus and MRSA associated subclinical mastitis in 345 milk samples (Cattle n=173, Buffalo n=172) collected from indigenous bovines of district Rawalpindi, Pakistan. The milk samples were screened for S. aureus and the confirmed isolates were subjected ...
Mian Shamas Murtaza1,*, Aysha Sameen2, Saima Rafique3, Muhammad Shahbaz1,*, Nabeela Gulzar4, Mian Anjum Murtaza5, Umar Farooq1 and Iram Hafiz6
...dd dietary fiber and endorse prebiotic effects. These are frequently used in industrially processed dairy as a bulking agent for fat replacement, textural modifications and organoleptic improvements. Hence, these can be fruitfully be used in manufacturing different kind of cheeses to have reduced or low fat, texturized or symbiotic product. Present study designed to evaluate the effect of different levels of inulin and resistant starch in low fat cheddar chees...
Monu Karki, Amit Kumar and Gnanavel Venkatesan*
...isease of small ruminant’s viz. sheep and goats, ensuring its presence and related economic loss all over the world. The virus is the prototype member of the Parapoxvirus genus of the Poxviridae family and is known to cause zoonotic affection sporadically. The main attraction to this virus has always been its wide range of virulence factors, known to be responsible for deceiving the host&rs
Carla Meneguin Barbosa1*, Fabio Gregori2, Cairo Monteiro1, Thais Helena Martins Gamon1, Luciano Matsumiya Thomazelli1, Tânia de Freitas Raso2 and Edison Luiz Durigon1
...usative agent of Pacheco’s disease that infects psittacine birds, highly transmissible and presenting high mortality rate. Here we describe the investigation of 98 sudden deaths of birds, belonging to 8 Brazilian native psittacine species, divided in two outbreaks, one year apart between 2016 and 2017, in a breeding farm in São Paulo State, Brazil. PSHv-1 was detected in 6 species (61 birds) through Nested-PCR, that tested negative for Influenza, ...
Barbosa Carla1*, Gregori Fabio2, Thomazelli Luciano1, Oliveira Amanda1, Araújo Jansen1, Ometto Tatiana1, Marcatti Roberta3, Nardi Marcelo3, Paludo Danielle4, Utecht Nathalia1 and Edison Durigon1
...ration patterns and dispersal of birds, as resting and feeding points become scarcer resulting in agglomeration of different species. One pathogen of greatest importance that may be dispersed by birds are the coronaviruses (CoVs). Despite its relevance and complexity, studies on the detection and genetic characterization of these viruses are scarce, especially in South American wild birds. Thus, this paper aims to detect and...
Wafaa M.A. El-Nagdi1, Ahmed E.A. Mahgoob2, Mahmoud M.A. Youssef1*, Entesar H. Taha2, Mona M.S. Zayed3 and Nora R.A. Saleh1
... the tested isolates adversely affected reproduction of root-knot nematode, M. incognita, either when bacterium was added before, after or at the same time with Ne inoculation. On the basis of the average overall percentages nematode reduction, bacterial isolates added before and after nematode inoculation were equal in decreasing M. incognita numbers, as they achieved higher average overall reduction (69.8%), when Pf isolat...
Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi1*, Mariam Temitope Baker2 and Gabriel Ademola Olatunji2
...ext-align: justify;">Jew’s mallow (Corchorus olitorius) is a vegetable of importance in Nigeria which is often times infested with root-knot nematodes (RKNs), thus reducing yield and expected income. Principally, synthetic nematicides are employed in the management of RKNs on agricultural fields. The synthetics are confronted with a web of regulations on account of their unhealty negative effect on humans and the environment. Plant protection is primaril...
S. Samina and Y.I. Erum†
...was to ascertain the diversity of plant parasitic nematodes at different locations of Kurram Agency, Pakistan. For this purpose, surveys were conducted and 150 samples of root and soil were collected from different locations of Kurram Agency. The detail morphological and taxonomical studies revealed a total of 26 species of plant parasitic nematodes belong to 17 genera, 13 families, 15 subfamilies and 3 orders while free-liv...
S. F. A. Awad-Allah 1 and M. S. Khalil 2
...d (P ≤ 0.05) the numbers of galls, egg-masses and nematode final populations. The most potent materials in reducing the numbers of M. incognita in banana soil, in a descending order, were: fenamiphos, Nemaless®, vermicompost and vermicompost tea (VCT)....
Siti Dharmawati1, Muhammad Halim Natsir2, Hartutik Hartutik2, Danung Nur Adli2, Osfar Sjofjan2*
...et) (0:10). The parameters observed was growth performance and digestibility. Result were analyses using general linear model and if a significant effect was identified, least significant differences (LSD) then applied. The result showed using freshwater snail for fish meal give significant difference (p < 0.05) on the apparent metabolizable energy-n corrected (AMEn) and reduce feed conversion ratio (FCR). It can be conc...
S. Ahmed†, Q. Liu and H. Jian
...2 mortality during 12 hours. Significantly
increased upto 86.0% mortality was observed in 24 hour exposures. Among them twenty six Bacillus strains were
identified by morphological, physiological and biochemical carbon source utilization using API 50CHB strips that
belonged to Bacillus cereus group. Bacillus cereus strain B48 secondary metabolite with protease and chitinase
activity w...
A. Beyan1, A. Seid†2 and H. Shifa1
...;">Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) is an economically and nutritionally important vegetable crop grown worldwide. However, its yield in Ethiopia is very low as compared to the world and African average yield. Root-knot nematodes and Fusarium wilt are among the most economically important pathogens of tomato. A study was initiated with the objectives of determining the interaction effect of M. javanica (MJ) and F. oxysporum f. sp. lycoper...
N. Hajra
...se and total soluble sugars and nitrogen profile comprising of proteins, amino acids protease and proline. Results showed that carbon profile in plant treated with AM fungi have high to low and varied amount of carbohydrates, sucrose, glucose and total soluble sugars in different parts of the plant; amino acids and proline in nitrogen profile found in higher amount in AM treated plants....
A. Ghasemzadeh1, S. Jamali1†, M. Esfahani2 and H. Pedramfar1
...tes in two tomato cultivars, Falat Y as a susceptible, and Gina VF as a tolerant cultivar. The experiment was done in a completely randomized split plot design under greenhouse conditions with four nematode populations, 0 (as control), 500, 1000 and 2000 second stage juveniles, and four sampling times (20, 40, 60 and 80 days after inoculation). After sampling, purification, identification, and population of root-knot nematode species and race were determined, ...
R. Hadadfar1, E. Mahdikhani-Moghadam2†, S. Baghaee2 and M. S. Bajestani1
...were collected during years 2016-2017. Samples were transferred on ice to laboratory and nematodes were extracted by centrifugal methods. Psilenchus species were identified on morphological and morphometrical characters based on recent valid keys. Seven species from Psilenchus genus were identified viz., Psilenchus curcumerus, P. aestuarius, P. iranicus, P. hilarus, P. bilineatus, P. pratensis and P. bahiablancae of which P....
H. M. Hassan, M. M. Tantawy*, A. M. Younes and M. O. Sayed
....78 and 0.83) in both years, respectively. The lowest relative frequencies (0.31 and 0.40) were recorded for Hoplolaimus spp., and Longidorus spp., in 2012 and 2013, respectively, Helicotylenchus spp. (0.44) and Meloidogyne spp. (0.42) were found with highest relative density in 2012 and 2013, respectively while the lowest relative densities (0.01 and 0.02) was recorded for Hoplolaimus spp. in 2012 and 2013, respectively. The highest biomass (1.25) and the hig...
S. Miheret1, A. Seid2† and N. Hailu3
...t nematodes under farmer’s field conditions....
I. K. A. Ibrahim1, Z. A. Handoo 2†, A. M. Zid1 and M. R. Kantor2
...esame, and 6 flax cultivars to the root-knot nematodes Meloidogyne arenaria (Ma), M. incognita race 1 (Mil) and/or M. javanica (Mj) was determined in green house studies. The results showed that the cotton cvs Giza 77, Giza 85, Giza 88, Giza 89 and sesame cvs Shandwil 1 and Toshka 1 were resistant (R) to the tested nematode species. On the other hand, six flax cultivars were tested, among them Giza 1 and Giza 5 were suscepti...
W. M. El-Nagdi,1†, Z. , E. Ghareeb2 and E. M. Zayed3
...ot-knot nematode parameters (gall index, gall size, gall area and damage index) indicated that two fodder beet genotypes Beta Rozsa and Jamon were considered as the best with high yield and resistant reaction to M. incognita; in contrast Starmon genotype had highly susceptible reaction while Jary, Mnro andVorosch genotypes had moderately resistant. Fodder root yield was positively and significantly correlated with root weight; meanwhile, it was negatively and ...
A.H. Choshali1, S. Rezaee2, S. Jamali3, H. Reza3, Zamanizadeh4 and F. Rejali5
...n RKN pathogenicity factors (number of galls, eggs, egg sacs and J2) in both tolerant and susceptible cultivars. Inoculation of susceptible roots with AMF significantly reduced the nematode pathogenicity factors. Also the results indicated that the activity of both enzymes increased in the plant with AMF compared with the cucumber roots inoculated with M. incognita alone. Cucumber mycorrhi...
F. Shahina†, K. Nasira, K. Firoza and Y. I. Erum
...uring last sixty nine years (1952-2019) from Pakistan. The information compiled in this paper came gradually from many and diverse sources. It is the product of the efforts of several authors who contributed to gather knowledge on the biological diversity through systematics and faunistic studies. Information published in different scientific journals, n...
M. Israr1†, M. Habib1 and K. Nasira2
...rom soil samples by Cobb’s sieving and decanting method (Cobb, 1918) followed by modified Baermann technique (Baermann, 1917). After processing, the nematode genera and species were identified (Siddiqi, 2000). Tylenchorhynchus usmanensis is reported from the first time from Pakistan is briefly redescribed and illustrated....
Y. Danso†, J. Adomako, K. Osei and B. Abugri
...M. incognita populations’ build-up and damage to susceptible crops such as okra which follow maize in a crop rotation system....
Urooj Shakoor* and Syed Attaullah Shah
...osition of the household’s average deprivation level revealed that ‘living-standard’ and ‘health’ contributed more than 75 percent to overall poverty collectively. Regression analysis identified head’s age, education, household’s income, and agricultural land owne
Muhammad Shahid Nadeem*, Jalaluddin Azam Khan and Firoz Anwar
.../p>...
Dzulhelmi Muhammad Nasir1,*, Suriyanti Su2, Van Lun Low3, Zulqarnain Mohamed1 and Norma-Rashid Yusoff1
...: justify;">Although diverse groups of spiders are present in tropical countries, very little attention has been given on various types of differences that exist within these groups, particularly for the groups of tropical spiders in Malaysia. The morphological and genitalia characteristics are traditionally used to identify species variants. However, in this study, a molecular approach wa...
Cuiping Liu
...ectively reduce the body’s micro-inflammatory state, while regulating mineral metabolism and the expression of Sclerostin, BMP-7 and Irisin, and inhibiting vascular calcification....
Reem R. Tahon, Nora A. Shaker*
...s found to have three pairs of biramous maxillipeds. The pereion was connected to five pairs of uniramous pereiopods, the cheliped, three pairs of walking legs, and the last swimming leg. The abdomen of the male was narrow rostrally with a small telson; while the mature female had a broad triangular abdomen with convex sides and a telson with a small broad base. Male had two pleopods, the ...
Shafia Riaz1, Khalid Abbas1*, Tanveer Ahmed1,2*, Huma Naz3, Hina Amjad1 and Shahbaz Ahmad1
...r (K) and growth parameters (wet weight, fork and total length) were measured fortnightly. The morphometric data were analyzed using SPSS. Genetics characterization was performed by employing five species specific polymorphic microsatellite markers. Overall, the results of growth trial confirmed that FQB genotype performed maximum while QBD evinced lowest performance among all the genotypes based on wet weight (g) and total ...
Sony A.E. Moningkey1*, Ronny A.V. Tuturoong1, Ingriet D.R. Lumenta1 and Nova L.I.M. Ogi2
...n to optimize the rabbit’s performance, weight increment, and food conversion. The study used 30 calf male rabbits strain New Zealand White (8–11 weeks old, 435-1,037 g). The feed consisted of fermented rumen content sludge mixture (FRCSM), and other feed materials, such as corn, coconut cake, pollard, bran, sugar drops and minerals. Rabbits were given complete feed with following treatment: R0 = feed without FRC...
M. Israr1, F. Shahina2† and K. Nasira2
.... Also included is the first record of A. siddiqii Fortuner, 1970 from around the roots of carrot (Daucus carota L.), from Hasan Abdal, Punjab, Pakistan. Morphometric data of a known species A. bicaudatus (Imamura, 1931) Filipjev & Schuurmans Stekhoven, 1941 is also given....
H. Sagir and Y. I. Erum†
.... khuzdarensis, but differs from
M. montanus in having pointed tail terminus and from M. khuzdarensis by longer stylet. The taxonomic studies on
Boleodorus volutus, Merlinius alboranensis, Paratylenchus (P.) nanus, Pratylenchus alleni, Telomalenchus
williamsi are presented in this paper. The indigenous fauna had similar morphological and morphometrical
characters to the corresp...
E. Mahdikhani-Moghadam†, J. A. A. Bub, S. B. Chery and S. Alvani
...is is recorded for the first time in Iran.
...
A. M. Rahoo1, 2, †, T. Mukhtar3, B. A. Bughio4, S. R. Gowen1 and R. K. Rahoo5
...nce of IJ from the cadavers for both the methods were found to be non-significant.
...
S. A. Montasser1†, N. A. Mahmoud2, A. F. El-Mesalamy2 and M. A. A. Abdel-Mageed2
... seven leguminous cultivars were tested for their host response to Meloidogyne javanica. The nematode
species succeeded in developing and multiplying on almost all the tested crops. According to rating scale
based on nematode reproduction, Lencoln and Victory cultivars of pea were considered as highly susceptible
hosts with (Rf) values 36.5 and 25.68 folds, respectively. While Maser-1 cult...
J. Salma, K. Nasira, M. Saima and F. Shahina†
...s and estuaries as a diverse species, universally rich and
often showing sensitive responses to ecological changes. During present study, surveys were conducted at four
locations of Sindh coast viz., Kaemari, Korangi Creek, Ibrahim Haidry, Mubarak Village and two of Balochistan
coast viz., Gadani and Sonmiani beach. As a result, four new species Oncholaimus paraoxyuris n. sp.,
...
M. Behdani1†, F.J. Afshar2, M.R. Mirzaee1
...ne javanica and is the first
report on B. vulgaris in Iran.
...
K. A. Tabassum,† J. Salma and H. Sagir
...unus armeniaca, Prunus persica and Malus pumila from
Nager. This paper deals with re-description of S. affine based on comparative study of morphological and
molecular characteristics with brief study of S. cholashanense and S. feltiae. S. affine Pak. G.S.356 deposited in
NCBI with accession number MF150033; S. cholashanense Pak.G.S.350 and Pak. G.S.355 with accession
numbe
Mutala’liah, S. Indarti † and N. S. Putra
...ced by soil abiotic factors and coffee plant varieties in three fields. The research was conducted in
Malangsari, Getas and Candiroto feilds. Samples of soil and roots were collected and various parameters of soil
abiotic factors (pH, soil moisture, soil temperature, soil texture and organic matter) were obtained from each of the
three fields. Vertical d...
M. A. Radwan†, M. M. Abu-Elamayem, S. A. A. Farrag and N. S. Ahmed
... 2nd stage juvenile numbers in soil compared with
control. Except DNSA and AA, foliar application of tested organic acids was more effective in reducing nematode
galls than soil drench application. Foliar application of ASA caused superior effect in the reduction of J2 in soil (100
%) followed by AA (89.44 %), OA (88.25 %) and SA (70.69 %). CA (96.52 %) was tended to be the most effective
chemicals in reducing J2...
D. A. Darban†, S. R. Gowen and B. Pembroke
...div>
females cadavers filled with of P. penetrans endospores, release and dispersal in the soil. Three time intervals, of
one week, two weeks and three weeks were allowed to observe the degradation of infected female cadavers and the
dispersal of released endospores. The hypothesis of this experiment was that, the spores of ...
M. Bajestani1†, E. Moghadam2 and K. Dolatabadi3
...d morphometrical characters viz., Boleodorus thylactus, Filenchus
cylindricaudus, Geocenamus tenuidens, Irantylenchus clavidorus, Merlinius brevidens, M. communicus, M.
pistaciei, Neopsilenchus magnidens, Pratylenchus neglectus and Zygotylenchus guevarai. Among these species M.
communicus and M. pistaciei are new records for nematode fauna of Iran.
...
Istkhar† and A. K. Chaubey†
...ical
characters of 3rd stage infective juveniles and 1st generation males showed close resemblance with S. abbasi, S.
thermophilum and S. pakistanense however, the body length was varied (583mm vs 541mm, 555 mm and 683 mm,
respectively). The morphometrical characters and life history events placed the present specimen near to the S.
abbasi. Results obtained through the phylogen...
K. Nasira, S. Shamim and F. Shahina†
...
melting of ice, rivers, streams ponds and ground. In Pakistan Indus River and its tributaries are the major sources of
fresh water. Fresh water is clear from pollutants in upcountry, but as it flows downstream it becomes more pollutant.
In the present study nematodes were selected as bio-indicators for these pollutants at eight localities of Sindh, which
a...
H. Ravindra1, N. Adivappar2, M. Sehgal3 D. M. Soumya4 and H. B. Narasimhamurthy4
...festation. This is the first report of
root-knot nematode from Karnataka.
...
D. A. Darban1†, S. R. Gowen1, B. Pembroke1 and F. Hussain2
...>
harvest of the first crop. There was a highly significant difference in endospore production in root systems of the one
female and ten females treatments and increased exponentially with the number of females over all the crop cycles.
Infected females (%) increased and found significantly higher in the ten females treatment. The soil bioassay after
first harvest showed few juvenile...
A. M. Rahoo1,2,†, T. Mukhtar3, S. R. Gowen2, B. Pembroke2 and M. A. Rahu4
...
remain infective, persistent and pathogenic for long periods. The present study investigated on the
emergence of Steinernema feltiae infective juveniles (IJ) from infected Galleria mellonella cadavers in
moist and dry conditions. A significantly high number of infective juveniles of S. feltiae emerged in moist
conditions as compared to dry. A positive correlation was found between the...
M. M. A. Youssef† and W. M. A. El-Nagdi
...al, the nematode parameters as indicated by the numbers of galls, egg-masses and
hatched juveniles on roots of dry bean and number of juveniles in soil were higher on dry bean plants replacing
cutting sugar beet than those on dry bean plants replacing uprooted sugar beet within the most periods. In contrast,
plant growth parameters were higher for dry be...
K. A. Tabassum, F. Shahina†, K. Nasira and Y. I. Erum
...he basis of leptoderan bursa, crochet needle-shaped spicules, normal rectum, lateral
field with six separate lines and had unique ribosomal DNA-ITS, sequence. A compendium of the genus Oscheius
(of both insectivora and dolichura groups) based on the following characters: body length, tail, spicules and
gubernaculum length, ratios a, b, c, c' and vulva percentage is given. The morphometric ...
I. K. A. Ibrahim1 and Z. A. Handoo2†
...ere identified for the first time in Egypt. Survey results revealed
new host plant records for most of the identified nematode species in Egypt.
...
A. M. Rahoo1,*, †, T. Mukhtar2, S. I. Abro3, S. R. Gowen1 and B. A. Bughio4
...iv>soils, infectivity, persistence and pathogenicity for longer periods. In the present study, emergence of Steinernema
feltiae infective juveniles (IJs) from infected Galleria mellonella cadavers was monitored under moist and dry
conditions at 5 and 10oC. Greater numbers of IJs of S. feltiae recovered from G. mellonella cadavers ...
I. K. A. Ibrahim1, M. A. EL-Saedy2, S. F. A. Awd-Allah3 and Z. A. Handoo4, †
...ce (Oryza sativa) cultivars 'Giza 178' and Sakha 101' were studied in the greenhouse.
Inoculation with H. goldeni alone or one week before inoculation with M. incognita on rice cv. Sakha 101
resulted in a significant increase in the number of cysts of H. goldeni as compared to plants inoculated with M.
incognita concurrently or a week beforehand. When H. daverti or H. zeae were inoculated one week after
inoculati...
Y. I. Erum and F. Shahina†
... to estimate genetic diversity among wheat germplasm (20 cultivars/lines) in
relation to their response against cereal cyst nematodes Heterodera avenae, through Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA
(RAPD) technique. A total of 589 bands were generated using 14 primers with an average of 28.8 bands/genotype. Maximum
percentage of polymorphic loci was 92.86% f...
K. Nasira† and S. Shamim
..., canals, ponds, reservoirs and irrigation sources: tube well and tanks) and evaluation of
feeding categories at eight collecting sites of Sindh. After analysis it was found that different parameters of
community structure of fresh water nematodes varied considerably at different surveyed sites. Nematode community
analysis revealed that frequency (absolute frequency, relative frequency), d...
M. S. Yasir†, A. K. Sajid, N. Javed and M. Ghani
...s and
cultivars of date-palm. The maximum prevalence was recorded from locality Nouroz Kalat (100%) and the
minimum prevalence recorded was (20%) from Totazai and Raskoh. The incidence, as well as severity varied in all
the cultivars. The maximum severity and incidence of root-knot nematode was recorded from date-palm cultivar
Rabi (90%) followed by...
A. M. Korayem1†, M. M. M. Mohamed1 and S. M. El-Ashry2
... root galling). In the first season
(2014-2015) relationship between nematode damage and yield of broad bean was negative, however no significant
reduction in growth and yield (p= 0.05) was obtained at all nematode root gall indices. Correlation coefficient
between nematode damage and yield was low, 0.38 in case of pod yield and 0.40 in case of dry seeds. In second
season (2015-2016), both pods and dry seeds yiel...
A. A. Galal1,2, S. F. Abou-Elwafa1,3, F. J. Kopisch-Obuch1 and C. Jung1
...div>
nematode numbers instead of 10 or 12 weeks after inoculation. Moreover, measuring the root fresh weight was
necessary to calculate the relative number of nematodes/g root mass. In conclusion, results led to a more efficient,
quicker and more accurate measurement of barley infections by Pratylenchus spp. which is important for selection
during early generations of cultivar development.
...
Ahmed S.M.H. EL Roby
...train:
New Jersey). The bioassays were carried out on Petri dishes containing parts of pumpkin infested with adult females
of S. sacchari, and were sprayed with EPN juveniles. Results showed that H. bacteriophora strain (EKB20) and
Heterorhabditis sp (EIK) were more efficient with higher pathogenicity and virulence in the laboratory than the
other strains and gave the highest corrected mortality percentage in the...
I. Kepenekci1†, S. Toksöz2, T. Atay1 and I. Saruhan2
...>the Ondokuz Mayıs University (Samsun, Turkey). The suspensions of nematodes were applied at one concentration
(1000 IJs ml-1) (200 IJs insect-1 or approximately 15 IJs cm-2) at 25°C temperatures. The data for mortality was
recorded after 2, 4, 6 and 8 days intervals. Insect mortality of the adult was higher in all nematode treatments than
the control. Turkish EPN isolate S. carpocapsae (Black sea) and Kyrgyz EPN isolat...
Fawzia, I. Moursy1, Amira, Sh.Soliman1, A. E.M. Khalil2,Samaa, M. Shawky2 and A. A. Taher2 †
...d on two cucumber cultivars (Madia and Slaprty)
during the period from March to November in seasons 2015/2016 and 2016/2017. Soil population increased
gradually on two cultivars during spring and throughout summer to reach peak in August began to decrease during
autumn and reach the lowest in winter (January and February) in two seasons where soil temperature reached 15±
K. Taimoor1† and F. Shahina2
...ct on management parameters
of M. incognita; however, minimum juvenile population were recorded from extracts of Matricaria lesiocarpa
which was 3532.5 at dose 3g/liter. Similarly minimum root-knot index (1.0) was recorded from extracts of fourteen
medicinal and aromatic plants at dose of 3.0g/liter and reproductive factor was also minimum 0.56 at dose of
3.0g/liter from extracts of Zatoria multiflora, Ferula oop...
A.W. Aseffa1, F. F. Addisu2, G. N. Roge3, L. T. Hadis4, T. B. Abera5, M. G. Gero6 and B. H. Meressa1†
M. M. A. Youssef †and Wafaa M. A. El-Nagdi
... eggplant growth parameters were the best by using 2% yeast + 2% sucrose or 2% sucrose + 2% yeast as growth index was 15.4. However, the highest concentration of yeast + sucrose solution (3% yeast + 2% sucrose) or sucrose + bread yeast solution (4% sucrose + 2% yeast) caused less growth indices as compared to untreated check....
I.K.A. Ibrahim1 and Z. A. Handoo2†
...e. Seventeen rice cultivars were tested for resistance to Mi1 and Mi3. The results showed that rice cvs Araby, Giza 159, Giza 170, Giza 171, Giza 172, Giza 177, Giza 178, Nahda, Sakha 101 and Sakha 102 were either susceptible or highly susceptible to Mi1. Rice cvs A95, IR1, IR22 and Japonica 47 were moderately susceptible to Mi1, whereas cvs IR28, IR459 and Philippini 24 were moderately resistant to Mi1. On the other hand, all the tested rice cultiva
S. Anwar1, K. Wieczorek1 and E. Inselsbacher2 †
...sed as an important precursor in arginine, proline and glutamine biosynthesis. In addition, branched chain amino acids and amino acids of shikimic acid based pathway were also enriched in syncytia. This study opens a door to understand the remodeling of amino acid metabolism in response to H. schachtii infection in plants....
S. Fatemy†1 and H. Ghasemi2
... diffusates and the numbers of hatched second stage juveniles (J2) were counted weekly over a 6-week period. Pots were planted with a single sprout of each cv. and the soil was inoculated with a suspension of 400 freshly hatched J2. There was a significant difference in the numbers of J2 that had entered the roots as well as a delay of 1-2 weeks in the rate of development of juveniles in the resistant compared to the suscept...
A. S. A. Saad1, M. B. Al-Kadi1, A. A. A. Deeabes2 and A. M. El-Kholy2†
... in plant growth parameters and decreased the host infection by M. incognita over control. Among all the treatments Fosthiazate proved to be the best treatment while cattle manure was found as the least significant. The biochemical response of treated plants showed that infected plants with M. incognita recorded the least increase of total phenols (0.42 mg/g) and highest suppression in total proteins (10.41 mg/g), total sugars
M. Israr†1, F. Shahina1 and M. Habib2
...he physiological parameters as well as biochemical contents showed significant difference in different growth criteria and amount of nutrients between infected host plants as compared to un-infected plants (control). Growth parameters of studied vegetable plants viz., fresh and dry weight and water content were decreased by the infection of root-knot nematode as compared to un-infected (control) plants. Similarly root-knot n...
S. Riffat†, S. Kumar and A. Soomro
...ign: justify;">Grasshoppers are subjected to attack by a wide range of predators and parasites at all stages of their life cycle. Fecundity of these predators and parasites of the insects was affected when grasshoppers were contaminated with Mermis spp. Mostly, the females laid fewer eggs than normal. The numbers of eg...
Shaista Naz1*, Muhammad Arif2 and Akhtar Ali3
... are the prime contributors to livestock management and their increased participation can lead towards not only their own empowerment but also towards the development of the sector. Review of the empirical research across the developing world in the said subject not only shed light on the lessons learnt but also can identify the gaps left out. For this, a systematic review has been conducted to highlight the immense role of women in livestock and its determina...
Uzma Ishaque1, Nasira Kazi1, Erum Iqbal1* and Shahnaz Dawar2
...the roots of Gossypium hirsutum L. in Sargodha, Punjab, Discolaimus omanensis Siddiqi, 2005 from roots of Mangifera indica L., in Faisalabad, Punjab, Discolaimus paratenax Siddiqi, 2005 from decaying matter in Peshawar, KP, Dorylaimoides micoletzkii (de Man, 1921) Thorne and Swanger, 1936 from soil around the roots of Vitis vinefera L. in Quetta, Balochistan, Sectonema ventralis Thorne,1930 from roots of Prunus persica L. in...
Muhammad Nadeem1*, Aneeta Rehman1, Masooma Munir1*, Hira Fatima2, Faiqa Malik1, Aqsa Iqbal1 and Alaiha Asif3
...s L.) is one of Pakistan’s most overlooked fruits; despite its high nutritional value, it fails to capture the attention of food processors in Pakistan due to its seasonal availability. Many types of products can be made because of its starchy taste, firm and crispy texture. In the present study, three treatments (T0, T1 and T2) of date bar of approximately 36±2g weight with high nutritional value were prepared ...
Farwa Batool1*, Riaz ur Rehman1, Samia Ikram2 and Maham Zahara3
... is critical factor in nursery business profitability. The soil substrates must be non-toxic, environmental friendly, highly sustainable and good in nutrients capacity for better plant growth and economical plant production. The agriculture waste is a good option for soil substrate source in nursery plants production. The present research is focusing on the utilization of agriculture waste with different proportions for bett...
F. Shahina† and G. Mehreen
...kelihood (ML), Maximum Parsimony (MP) and Neighbor Joining (NJ)
based on the two makers. Sequence composition and phylogenetic analyses of these isolates showed closeness with
Steinernema abbasi. On the basis of ITS rDNA region these seven Pakistani isolates were compared with seven
worldwide isolates of S. abbasi and species of bicornutum group. While one isolate PAK.S.S.15 (JN59914...
A.S. Ardakani
...ved plant growth characters such as root length, shoot length, root fresh
weight and shoot fresh weight at P 0.05 significance level in comparison with the treatments only M.
incognita inoculum.
...
A.A. Tanimola and B. Fawole1
...100% J2 mortality at 72 hrs. This study reveals that Aloe species have
nematicidal activity and used in the management of M. incognita.
...
A.M. Korayem, M.M.M. Mohamed† and S.M. EL-Ashry1
...ns of planting. In the first season, bean was grown in Autumn, 2012
while, the second season in early Spring, 2013. For the first season, the relation between nematode initial population
density and bean yield was significantly negative (r = -0.6). A significant reduction in bean yield (P = 0.05) was
obtained when nematode density was more than 100 J2/200 g soil. While, damage threshold le...
A. Khan†, S.S. Shaukat1, K.A. Khanzada and M.S. Khan2
...ted with peach (Prunus persica L.
Batsch) seedlings. Three major nematode populations were found in the soils including Helicotylenchus
pseudorobustus, Xiphinema americanum and Pratylenchus thornei. Soil containing nematodes was collected from
peach orchards near Kalat, Balochistan and filled in pots and peach seedlings were transplanted. Various soil
amendments were applied including sawdust, sugarcane bagasse, ...
I. Uzma, K. Nasira, K. Firoza and F. Shahina†
...on 16 diagnostic characters to separate Helicotylenchus species
viz., habitus, body length, ratios a, c, c´, vulva position, DGO from base of stylet knobs, stylet length, shape of stylet
knobs, shape of head, number of head annules, shape of tail, number of tail annules, position of phasmid in relation
to anus, presence of male and female posterior genital branch is presented. These allometric and morphometric
<...
Z.A. Handoo1,†, I.K.A. Ibrahim2, D.J. Chitwood1 and A.A. Mokbel2,3
...dy length. This is the first report of this nematode from Egypt, Africa. The
values of the morphological parameters completely fall within the previously reported ranges for X. rivesi.
...
S.A. Khan†, M. Abid and F. Hussain1
...oncentration after 72 hours exposure time.
Similarities between Ward’s cluster analysis of hatching egg and larval mortality in water and methanol extract of
different seaweeds showed significant difference. Methanol extract was more effective as compared to water extract.
In conclusion, use of seaweeds is positive sign against harmful microorganisms which are responsible for
...
D.A. Darban†, S.R. Gowen, B. Pembroke, F. Hussain1 and R.A. Memon2
...v>...
W.M.A. El-Nagdi and M.M.A. Youssef†
...>
nematode parameters as indicated by the number of galls, egg-masses and hatched juveniles on roots. Consequently,
they lowered rates of nematode population ranged from 0 and 0.01, respectively. However, the higher nematode
populations were supported rest crops. It is concluded that use of poor or non host crops may be beneficial for
controlling root-knot nematode population densities in intensive cropping system.
N. Hajra
...
biochemical parameters effect was evaluated on bottle gourd (Luffa cylindrica (L.) Roem) in control,
mycorrhizal and other biotic and abiotic soil components treated plants. Higher proline concentrations
reflected in leaves of treated plants as compared with mycorrhizal treated plants. The decrease in shoot length,
number of leaves and leaf area were observed in non mycorrhizal and plant treated with other biotic and
A.E. Ismail† and A.M. Kheir*
...ed that the average numbers in each stage greatly fluctuated. The density of juveniles or
cysts gradually increased with the favorable host (Giza 2 corn) to reach its peak at the crop maturity, while the
nematode population dropped sharply when the field became fallow. Likewise, the population densities of the
previous stages declined gradually even though in the presence of the non host crop (Me...
H. Ravindra†, M. Sehgal*, A.S. Pawan, B.S. Archana, S.A. Shruti and H.B. Narasimhamurty
...anced the growth parameters with drastic reduction in root-knot index.
However, the treatment combinations of acasia compost with different bioagents performed well with highest
growth shoot, root length, root weight, yield and lowest root-knot indices. Among the integrated treatments, P.
lilacinus with acacia compost recorded maximum growth parameters and yield with least root-knot index....
M.A.M. El-Saedy, A.A. Mokbel*† and S.E. Hammad**
...ion of two garlic cultivars: Balady and Sods-40 were
evaluated for controlling root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita infecting tomato plants under laboratory,
greenhouse and field conditions. Treatments with essential oils of arugula, camphor, castor, garlic, nigella, onion
and sesame resulted in 48.0-92.7% reduction in numbers of root galls/root under laboratory conditions. Similarly,...
A.W. Amin† and A.W. Mona*
...lds (number of days to first flower, fruit characteristics (fruits weight,
length and diameter), total early fruits (first four gathering) and total fruit per plant were significantly improved in
plant leaves compared with infested cucumber. Consequently, the shoot macro and micro-elements were increased
compared with infested cucumber. The macro and micro-elements and chlorophyll contents...
T. Shiferaw†, N. Dechassa* and P.K. Sakhuja*
...Dire Dawa, Haramaya University Research Station in naturally root-knot nematode
infested soil to determine the influence of poultry litter and rapeseed cake application against root-knot nematode
infestation in tomato var. Mraglobe. Five levels of poultry litter (control (0), 5, 10, 15 and 20 ton/ha) and three
levels of rapeseed cake (control (0), 100, 200 kg/ha) was applied in experimental plot three weeks before
I. Umar† and A. Mamman*
...ved over a period of 72 hrs. Sterilized loamy soil (4 kg) contained in 36 perforated plastic pots (30 cm dia.
and 40 cm depth) were separately mixed with 0, 30, 40, 50 and 60 g (equivalent to 0, 10 15, 20 and 25 tons/ha) of
the fruit powder. Carbofuran was applied at 0.060 g/pot. Control pots received no amendment. Two early maturing
cowpea varieties EX-Gurin and EX-Yobe were planted separately into the pots containing the a...
F. Shahina†, K.A. Tabassum and M.A. Habib*
...room temperature for 24 hrs before use. The number of bollworms on plants before and 24 hrs after
EPN spray @ 1000 and 2000 juveniles/ml water were assessed for mortality percentage. All four species of insects,
viz., Helicoverpa armigera, Earias insulana, E. vitella and Pectinophora gossypiella were found susceptible to
infective juveniles of the four EPN species; S. pakistanense was the ...
O. A. Fabiyi
...terpenoids, reducing sugars, phenols, alkaloids, glycosides and carbohydrates. Nematicidal activity of D. oliveri
leaves is being reported for the first time. The crude extracts and chromatographic fractions are potent at very low
concentrations compared with standard carbofuran. Therefore, the leaves of D. oliveri could be employed as a
viable source of natural nematicide instead of synth...
T.S. Rizvi and F. Shahina†
...ghest exposure time (72 hrs) while, the pulp and fruit extracts
showed 60 and 80% mortality, respectively. Among various extracts of creeper hexane extract (HH-CC) showed
100% mortality after 72 hrs at all concentrations as compared with standard carbofuran. Whereas, HE-CC and HWCC
showed 100% mortality only at highest concentrations after 72 hrs. Ethyl ...
Z. Gill and K. Firoza†
...
recorded for the first time from date palm orchards of Khairpur district. Merlinius nothus Allen, (1955) Siddiqi,
1980, is reported as a new record nematode species in Pakistan. It is briefly redescribed and illustrated herein.
...
Farhana Binte Zalal, Prodip Kumar Sarkar*, Mahbuba Sultana, M H Kawsar, Swapon Kumar Fouzder
...ndomly selected 150 farmers (50 broody hens/Upazila) practicing natural incubation from three Upazilas in the Barishal district. The results show that mainly females (93.3%) were engaged in family poultry production and they used indigenous hens to incubate eggs. An average egg number per clutch was 12.6 and farmers set 12.3 eggs per broody hen for incubation purposes. The hatching egg weight was 37.3 g with egg hatchability...
M.M.A. Youssef and A.M.S. Lashein†
... Governorate, Cairo University, Giza,
Egypt on clay loam soil planted to date palm cv. Zaghlool infested with plant parasitic nematodes, Rotylenchulus
reniformis and Helicotylenchus sp. An experiment was carried out to investigate the efficacy of acetyl salicylic
(ASA) and γ-amino-n-butyric acids (GABA) as chemical resistance inducer at the concentrations of 5, 10 and 20
mM against nematodes and consequentl...
A.A. Mokbel
...All tested peanut cultivars were resistant to M.
incognita race 2 and moderately resistant to M. javanica. Whereas, peanut cvs. Balady, Ismailia 1 and Giza 6 were
found highly susceptible to M. arenaria race 1 and Giza 4 and Giza 5 cvs. were susceptible. The suppressive
efficacy of using three isolates of Pasteuria penetrans (Pp) against M. arenaria race 1 infected peanut was tested
t...
A. Tülek, S.S. Ates, K. Akin, H. Surek, R. Kaya and İ. Kepenekci*†
...
rice cultivars commonly grown in Turkey were used in trial. The experiment was conducted as split plot in a
completely randomized block design with four replications with treatments (naturally infected seeds, artificially
infected plots, 5000 A. besseyi m-2 and non-infected) as a main plots, cultivars (Halilbey, Gala, Tunca and Edirne)
as a sub-plo...
A. Khan†, Saifullah, M. Iqbal* and S. Hussain
...
nematodes after 24 hrs followed by fruiting body extracts of P. florida 99% and waste of P. ostreatus 77%.
...
F. Toumi†*,**, L. Waeyenberge*, R. Yousef***, H. Khalil****, K. Al-Assas*** and M. Moens*,**
...iv>sampled tomato cultivars were infected with two Meloidogyne species; once both species were detected on the same
variety.
...
F. Shahina† and G. Mehreen
...sing three molecular makers viz; ITS-1, 5.8S and ITS-2 rDNA (seventy nine); D2-D3 and
28S (LSU) sequences of rDNA region (fifteen) and 12S rDNA mitochondrial gene (twenty nine) to investigate the
genetic diversity. Phylogenetic trees were constructed using two different methods maximum parsimony (MP) and
Bayesian inference (BI) in which most of them form...
A.A. Anter, A.W. Amin†, A.H. Ashoub* and A.S. El-Nuby*
...nt groups known as inducers of systemic acquired resistance
(SAR) viz., acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), DL-3-aminobutyric acid (BABA), 2,6-dichloroisonicotinic acid
(INA), 5-chlorosalicylic acid (CSA), nitrosalicyl ic acid (NSA), salicylic acid (SA), ascorbic acid (AS) and
selenium (SE) in reducing development and reproduction of Meloidogyne incognita in tomato plants cv.
Castel Rock was investigated under greenhouse...
A.W. Amin†, A.A. Anter, A.H. Ashoub* and A.S. El-Nuby*
W.M.A. El-Nagdi†, M.M.A. Youssef and M.G. Dawood*
...ematode criteria. Vice versa, increase in length of shoots, dry and fresh
weights of shoots and roots occurred by higher concentration of each material followed by those occurred by
moderate and lower ones. The percentages of total soluble carbohydrates, proteins, phenolic and carotenoid contents
increased at all tested concentrations as compared to untreated plants, but no any relation among them.
...
O.A. Fabiyi†, G.A. Olatunji* and A.T. Aramide*
...ared to 39.38% after 24 hrs. Plants received brominated/oxidised oils were taller
with better yields than untreated and nematode infested plots in the field. The GC/MS result indicated that the major
constituents of the orange peel oils were limonene, octanal and citroneloll.
...
A. Khan†, S.S. Shaukat*, N. Khatoon**, J. Akhtar and A.G. Rizwana**
...y between six vineyard-nurseries was computed using Bray-Curtis index.
...
Aiman Amur1*, Nasreen Memon1, Khalida Unar2 and Roshan Jamali3
... world. The Bactrocera dorsalis (handle) complex fruit fly according to morphology, physiology and genetically. It is very serious pest of many fruits in the overall world; such as guava, apricots, Sapodillas etc. this species is voracious for the mango in whole world mostly; means the favorable host of delicious mango. During current study observe the ecological margins and its habitats, host effects on the occurrence of this decisive pest. This study was ste...
Belema Robert1, Favour Welenya1, Deborah Achi1, Cynthia Onyeagwara1, Soala Obie Minimah2, Ebele Anulika Obichi2, Chidinma Charity Amuzie1*
... Markets) and farms (Rivers State University Agricultural Demonstration Farm, a farm at Nkpolu-Oroworukwo and another at Rumuolumeni) in Port Harcourt metropolis in November and December, 2021. Samples were taken biweekly and in two replicates. They were transported in clean waterproof bags to the Entomology and Parasitology Laboratory, Rivers State Univers<...
Soshe Ahmed1*, Mst. Ishrat Zerin Moni1, Maksuda Begum2, Md. Jafar Eqbal3, Md. Shahidul Islam4, Mst. Samira Tanjim1, Mst. Rokeya Sultana1
...ter deprivation of broilers reared in a hot-humid environment. A total of three hundred forty-five one-day-old Ross-308 broiler chicks were randomly allotted into five treatment groups as T1, T2, T3, T4 & T5 (6 hrs, 12 hrs, 24 hrs, 48 hrs, and 60 hrs of post-hatch feed and water ...
Jax Vincent Gamulo, Maye Pearl Bolina, Jessica Serena Brion, Via Crishiela Nicole Dela Rosa, Roxanne Francesca Maglaya, Carl Lexter Tan, Aimee Caye Chang*
...es, published between years 2001 to 2021. The mortality time between tropical plant extracts and commercially available drugs posed a significant difference (P < 0.05), while ten (10) among the plant species differed in fasciolocidal activity (P < 0.05). Albendazole (62.5%) was the most used reference drug, along with Piperazine Citrate, and Triclabendazole, wherein ANOVA showed no significant difference in mortality time among them (P > 0.05). Notabl...
Yuejing Yang1,2, Mengbin Xiang1,2, Zhengshi Zhang3, Minrui Zhou1, Bingjie Hu1, Tingsen Jing1, Zhe Li1, Fenglin Liu1, Hui Luo1, Qinglu Li1* and Hua Ye1*
...e molecular genetic markers for growth traits, correlation analysis between 31 SNP markers and growth traits in S. prenanti was analyzed using 164 samples with the same growth conditions. Principal component analysis showed that the body weight accounted for 94.50% of the variance, the eigenvalue was greater than 1, and the accumulative variance was more than 85%. So, the body weight was the firs
Lulu Ding, Ke Wang, Ruxue Huang, Wenjing Yu, Bingzhao Yan, Mengli Jiang and Jicang Wang*
... and biochemical indicators were assessed. The levels of glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA), catalase (CAT), and total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD) were measured. Histopathological sections of the kidney were made to observe the structural damage. Results showed that the red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobinconcentration (HGB), and hematocrit(HCT) of serum were significantly reduced after Cd exposure for 4 weeks. Cd increased the expression of GSH and M...
Muhammad Iqbal Anjum*, Shahbaz Javaid, Agha Waqar Yunus, Faisal Ashfaq and Javed Iqbal
...tilization of maize stovers (MS) and maize cobs (MC) as replacement of wheat straw (WS) in Total Mixed Ration (TMR) for buffalo calves, 18 calves (aged 14±2 months weighing 189±15 kg) were randomly divided into six equal groups. Six TMRs [iso-nutritious with 12% CP and 68% TDN] having crop residues MS, MC and WS each supplemented with 75% and 65% concentrate (C) were formulated as: T1) MS to C ratio of 25:75%, T2) MS to C ratio of 35:65%, T3) MC ...
Ghulam Jelani1, Qudratullah Kalwar1*, Asmatullah Kaka2, Abdullah Channo2, Ayyaz Ahmed1, Majid Hussain Soomro1, Hidayatullah Soomro1, Deepesh Kumar Bhuptani1 and Yar Muhammad Jalbani1
...rior female. After the first successful transfer of mammalian embryos in 1890, it was approximately 60 years before significant progress became quite noticeable in the basic technology of embryo transfer in cattle. In embryo transfer process, embryo is collected from superior quality donor cattle and transferred to other recipient female cattle for complete development unless the gestation accomplishes. This technology invol...
Mohsin Shad1, Muhammad Usman2 and Qurratulann Afza Gardner1*
...ochrome b (cyt b) transfers the electrons in bc1 complex from ubiquinone to cytochrome c reductase in the mitochondrial respiratory chain, and similarly in b6f enzyme complex, from plastoquinol (QH2) to plastocyanin (Pc) within the thylakoid membrane. Mitochondrial cyt b in bc1 complexes contains eight transmembrane helices A to H; two of these, B and E along with two histidines, are cross-linked with two hemes located at the top and bottom of the membrane. Th...
Rinat Islamov*, Dinara Turegeldieva, Altyn Rysbekova, Kuralay Sarmantayeva, Victor Semenuyk
...a danger to the researchers themselves. In this paper we present the results of the assessment of microbiological quality of laboratory animals from some universities and academic institutes in Almaty city, Kazakhstan. This is the first time that such work, involving several institutes, has been carried out. To do this, several pathogenic bacteria and viruses from the Federation of Europea...
Rukhsana Anwar1*, Ammara Abd-Us-Sattar1, Afifa Noor2, Kanwal Ashiq1,3 and Shah Jahan4
...ed related to this plant’s effect on hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes and glutathion S-transferase. For this purpose, different cytochrome (CYP450) modulators were selected to determine pharmacokinetic interactions. Cimetidine, rifampicin, dexamethasone, and tamoxifen were selected as CYP450 modulators. In a sub-acute in vivo study, 200 mg/kg BW of both extracts were orally administ...
Najam-ul-Sehar Afshan1*, Javeria Majeed1, Abdul Rehman Niazi1, Saima Khanum2, Maria Riaz1, Muhammad Fiaz2 and Shaila Anjum1
... analyses. This is the first report of powdery mildew infection caused by Erysiphe necator var. necator from Punjab and Khyber Pakhtunkhwa provinces of Pakistan....
Jawad Ahmad1, Huang Yun-He2, Arab Hussain1, Amjadullah1, Ahmad Yar1, Subhanullah1, Zeshan Ali1, Hamid Sattar3, Tariq Hussain3, Hamayun Khan3, Ali Gohar6, Obaidullah4, Nan Zhu Fang5, Yanya Fang5, Ihsan Ali3* and Zhongshu Li5,*
...ter conception which alters the normal physiological status of blood. The present study was conducted to evaluate changes in hematological biomarkers of Achi cows at different stages of pregnancy. Forty multiparous cows with 4 ± 1 years of age and live weight of 188.23 ± 2.6 to 207.13 ± 2.59 kg of different stages of pregnancy were divided into four groups (Group1=1stt...
Yanjie Liu
...effective immune indicators....
Ronny A.V. Tuturoong1*, Sony A. E. Moningkey1 and Nova L.I.M. Ogi2
...wenty-one HF (2.5-3.5 years old, weighted 250-300 kg) was adapted for 2 weeks by feeding with experimental feed. The experimental feed was formulated into three combinations: T1 (70% corn stover+0% king grass+30% concentrate; T2 (35% corn stover+35% king grass+30 % concentrate; T3 (0% corn stover+70% king grass+30% concentrate. Fecal of HF was collected every day for ten weeks after adaptation. Dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), neutral detergent fiber (NDF...
Salman Hussain1, Basit Zeshan2*, Rabiya Arshad1, Saba Kabir1 and Naveed Ahmed3
...β lactamase inhibitors, cephalosporins, and macrolides. All the MRSA isolates were susceptible to vancomycin antibiotic drugs. Cefoxitin (30 µg) disk diffusion test showed 100% sensitivity and specificity for the identification of MRSA phenotypically. A total of 100 M
Kalsoom1, Nasir Shah2, Muhammad Ibrahim3*, Tahira Bibi1, Kazim Ali4 and Zahir Shah2
... varieties showed an adverse in vitro growth response to all levels of salt in MS media, while plants of all the tested varieties were dead at concentrations more than 50 mM of NaCl in in vitro condition (75, 100 mM). Variation was observed in the level of tolerance to salinity in these potato varieties. Increasing NaCl (mM) level reduced the overall plant growth, number of shoots, number of nodes and leaves, root and shoot lengths (cm), fresh as well as dry r...
Hina Safdar1,2*, Nazir Javed2, Sajid Aleem Khan2, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed3, Arif Mehmood3 and Muhammad Arshad4
...st different larval instars of S. litura. At day one post-treatment, maximum larval mortality (59.40%) was exhibited by Xenorhabdus spp. against 2nd instar larvae followed by 52.80, 46.20 and 46.20% mortality of 5th, 3rd and 4th instar larvae, respectively. In case of Photorhabdus spp., maximum mortality (26.40%) was observed against 2nd instar larvae. In other bioassay, 40% suspensions of bacterial metabolites were evaluated against different larval insta
Ahmad Abrar Khan1*, Ghulam Qadar1, Asif Ali Abro2 and Muhammad Awais3
...llected from tomato growers by using an interview schedule in the union council Baffa of the study area. The results of the study focused that maximum land under tomato cultivation was found 8.75 and minimum 0.25 acres with a major group (35.4%) of tomato growers cultivating on 2.5 acre and below size of land. Chemical fertilizers were applied by all the respondents while one-third applied...
Mutasim Billah1, Sardar Azhar Mehmood1, Abdul Rauf Bhatti2*, Ahmed Zia2, Shabir Ahmed1, Waqas Ahmad2, Kiran Shahjeer3, and Muhammad Ishaque Mastoi4
... study was carried out first time comprehensively in district Bannu for exploration weevil fauna. Collection surveys were conducted in variable habitats such as natural vegetation, cropped, fields, and urban areas and specimens were collected during active season of 2018 and 2019yielding a total of 95 specimens five species (Myllocerus delicatulus, M. undatus, Lixus augustus, Ammocleonus aschabadensis, Rhynchophorous ferrugineus) under four genera (Myllocerus,...
Ayesha Bakhtiar1, Sardar Azhar Mehmood2, Abdul Rauf Bhatti3*, Shabir Ahmad2, Naqash Khalid2, Javed Iqbal5, Azra Nadeem4 and Waqas Ahmad1
...he productivity of broilers. 75 days old broiler chicks overall were divided into five equal groups and given the following labels: A, B, C, D, and E. Each group was then split up into pens with a maximum of five birds in each pen. On days 14 and 21, the birds in groups B, C, D, and E received active immunisation against ND using Lasota-1, Lasota-2, Mukteswar-1, and Mukteswar-2, respectively, leaving A as the control group left uninfected. On days 21 and 35 of...
Saima Mumtaz1,3*, M. Imran Kasana1, Riaz Alam1, Noorullah Khan1, Muhammad Noman1, Sanjeela Sabahat1 and Hussain Shah2
...r layering which is cumbersome because of low survival rate of layered plants, more requirement of mother stock and labor intensive method. To address these issues an alternative technique has been employed for quick multiplication of litchi. In the present study we have investigated the influence of various levels of Indole Butyric Acid (IBA) on four Litchi cultivars (Gola, Surahi, China and Bedana) for root induction, its ...
Rahim Bux Vistro1*, Mashooque Ali Talpur1, Irfan Ahmed Sheikh1, Muneer Ahmed Mangrio2, Rajish Kumar Soothar1, Mian Noor Hussain Asghar Ali3,4, Imran Ali Dhamach4, Muhammd Urs Mirjat1 and Abdul Saboor Soomro2
...t important soil parameters for compressed surfaces are aeration, bulk density, and permeability. The experiment was managed in a split-plot design with a randomized complete block design with three replications. Results indicated that cone-penetrometer was used to measure the soil compaction of furrow bottom under without-compaction/control (C1), compaction with three passes of tractor wheel (C2), and compaction with six passes of tractor wheel (C3) treatment...
Sri Setyaningrum*, Dini Julia Sari Siregar, Tengku Gilang Pradana
...mbination of gembili tubers with Lactobacillus plantarum (CGLp) on the performance, carcass, hematological parameters, and gut microflora of broiler chickens. The research used 144 one-day-old broiler chicks (44.33±1.09 g). The research was conducted with a completely randomized design. The treatments included of T0: diet + 0% CGLp (control), T1: diet + CGLp 1.0%, T2: diet + CGLp 1.5%, T3: diet + CGLp 2.0%, T4: diet +...
Sofiane Tamendjari1,2*, Farida Bouzebda Afri1,2, Lina Chaib1, Hebib Aggad3, Zoubir Bouzebda1,2
...reus are hygiene indicators that should not be neglected. For this reason, the general provisions of the slaughterhouse must be respected, the hygiene conditions improved and the professionals of the sector trained for good production and manufacturing practices. In addition, the use of antibiotics in a reasoned manner and the monitoring of these strains are strongly recommended.
Keywords | Sheep meat, Chicken meat, Turkey meat, Enumeration, Coagulatio...
Dina N. Ali1*, Sayed H. Elhabtey2*, Manal M. Amin1
...eese. ...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1, Wali Muhammad1, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1*, Mumtaz Hussain1, Muhammad Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahamad1, Annum Sattar2, Hera Gull3, Sonia Sumreen4, Malik Waqar Yousaf5, Nazakat Nawaz6 and Nazim Hussain7
...tability and genetic diversity among fifty-eight (58) psyllium genotypes. Data on eight yield linked factors, i.e., Days to floral initiation (DFI), Days to 50% flowering (DF), number of tillers per plant (NTPP), plant height (PH), spike length (SPL), number of spikes per plant (NSPP), days to maturity (DM) and seed yield per plant (SYPP) were recorded. Estimates of heritability values wer...
Malik Muhammad Yousaf1, Wali Muhammad1, Muhammad Mohsin Raza1*, Mumtaz Hussain1, Muhammad Jahangir Shah1, Bashir Ahamad1, Annum Sattar2, Hera Gull3, Sonia Sumreen4, Malik Waqar Yousaf5, Nazakat Nawaz6 and Nazim Hussain7
...tability and genetic diversity among fifty-eight (58) psyllium genotypes. Data on eight yield linked factors, i.e., Days to floral initiation (DFI), Days to 50% flowering (DF), number of tillers per plant (NTPP), plant height (PH), spike length (SPL), number of spikes per plant (NSPP), days to maturity (DM) and seed yield per plant (SYPP) were recorded. Estimates of heritability values wer...
Hendro Prasetyo1*, Diah Karmiyati2, Roy Hendroko Setyobudi2, Ahmad Fauzi2, Trias Agung Pakarti1,3, Mardiana Sri Susanti4, Waris Ali Khan5, Leila Neimane6,7 and Maizirwan Mel8,9
... certain superior cultivars to achieve rice self-sufficiency and sustainability and bundling them with beneficial policies. However, quite a large number of rice farmers continue to grow local rice variants. This study aims to identify, analyze, and describe farmers’ attitude and behavior. A survey was employed for quantitative data gathering and a...
Asmatullah Kaka1*, Wahid Haron2, Nurhusien Yimer3, Abdullah Channo1, Ali Raza Jahejo2, Mahdi Ebrahimi3, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro4
...iquid nitrogen for 24 hours. Consequently, straws were thawed at 37C0 for 30 seconds and motility was accessed with the help of computer-assisted semen analyzer (CASA) and membrane integrity with the hypo-osmotic swelling test. Meanwhile morphology, viability and acrosome integrity with contrast-phase microscope (eosin-nigrosin staining) was investigated. Moreover, superoxide dismutase (SOD) assay, a fatty acid composition with gas chromatography and lipid p...
Zubair Aslam1, Ali Ahmad1*, Korkmaz Bellitürk2, Hira Kanwal1, Muhammad Asif1 and Ehsan Ullah1
...st and chemical fertilizers can help to minimize this threat. In order to combat nutrient deficiency, an experiment was carried out to optimize the best dose of fertilizers for tomato crop at Student Research Farm, Department of Agronomy, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad in a tunnel under field conditions. The experiment had five treatments in which the mineral...
Majid Ali*, Hafiz Abdul Majid, Farman Ullah, Tahir waseem, Muhammad Rashid Khan
...ed farm for both species’ sheep and goats. The present study provides data of hemoprotozoa of small ruminant of arid zone research institute kohat and surrounding villages which will help in the eradication and other adoptive measure for prevention and control against blood protozoal parasite.
Keywords | Epidemiology, Haemoprotozoan, Small ruminants, Arid zone, Kohat.
...
Ulvi Fitri Handayani1, Wizna2, Irfan Suliansyah3, Yose Rizal2, Maria Endo Mahata2*
...rocessed tomatoes (Lycopersicon escuentum) waste are rejected tomatoes that have been processed by steaming at 98o C, then adding 0.5% coconut oil. This processing aims to increase the release of lycopene from the matrix tomato, change its structure from trans to cis lycopene, and increase the absorption of lycopene in the digestive tract of laying hens. Lycopene is a compound in tomatoes and is known to inhibit cholesterol synthesis. Cholesterol i...
Aulia Evi Susanti1*, Rudy Priyanto2, Muladno2, Dewi Apri Astuti3, Lucia Cyrilla2
...mic concept requires understanding from a production, nutrition, and economic perspective. This study aims to analyze production systems, evaluate smallholder beef cattle businesses, and stimulate business development scenarios to increase income for sustainable business corporations with a dynamic system approach. Data were collected through interview methods to obtain data on production systems and business models, reprodu...
Makruf Arif1*, Claude Mona Airin1, Dwi Sunu Datrianto2, Dinda Anggun Roro Sejati3
...red at 5°C for 48 hours. The evaluation of semen quality includes an examination of spermatozoa motility using a microscope, the viability with the eosin-negrosin staining method, and membrane integrity using the hypoosmotic swelling test (HOST) at the fresh semen, 5th, 24th, and 48th hours post-cold storage. The results revealed that in the 5th hour, percentage of motility, viability, and membrane integrity were not sig...
Saleh Aljubran, Shaker Al-Suwaiegh, Yousef Alyousef, Sulaiman Alhajri, Mohammed Alghareeb, Abd El-Nasser Ahmed Mohammed*
...r, germ cells or embryos’ micromanipulation, sperm sexing, cryopreservation of ovarian tissues and germ cells and embryos, and genome resource banking for mammalian species. Such biotechnologies allow more offspring to be obtained from selected parents to increase milk and meat productivity, reduce the interval between generations, therapy of diseases and conservation of endangered mammalian species. Practically, current reproductive biotechnologies are ...
Sutawi*, Ahmad Wahyudi, Abdul Malik, Suyatno, Asmah Hidayati, Imbang D. Rahayu, Endang S. Hartatie
...lared FMD-free for 32 years since 1990. As of November 18, 2022, FMD is still spreading in 17 provinces in 146 regencies/cities with the the number of infected cows 578.060 heads, recovered 508.494 heads, conditionally cut 13.177 heads, died 10.269 heads, and vaccinated 5.847.113 heads. This article is carried out using literature study and secondary data exploration methods. There are three factors that can be attributed to...
Abdelwahab Mohammed Abdelwahab1,2*, Ahmed Almadani1, Ibrahim Almehsen1
...nkton, bacteria and grazers of the bacteria, which is suspended in ponds and tanks. The current study aimed to determine feed utilization, growth performance, morphological and chemical body features, and blood profile upon dietary biofloc feeding to red Tilapia fingerlings. The diets were control and biofloc (00.0%, 33.0%, 66.0%, and 100.0%). The diets were fed to red Tilapia fingerlings (14.3 ± 0.15 g) thrice a day. The study lasted fourteen weeks. Fe...
Rafik Soliman1, Neven Waheeb2, Essam Nasr2, Mahmoud El-Hariri1, Heidy Abo-Elyazeed1, Hassan Aboul-Ella1*
...niques. The current work’s main objective is to evaluate the reliability of two widely distributed rapid kits for as a suitable substitution for the gold standard bovine tuberculosis diagnostic techniques. IQRT Anigen Rapid Bovine TB Ab kit and Ubio quick VET Bovine Tuberculosis Antibody kit were used in testing 3750 dairy cattle. The results obtained were compared with the ELISA, bacteriological examination, and tuberculin skin testing. By the tuberculi...
Eman S Ramadan, Mohamed E Ali, Mohamed A Elkhiat
...ary medicine, Cairo University. Cats were classified into six apparently healthy cats as a control group and six clinically diseased cats. All cats were exposed to clinical examination, abdominal ultrasonography, serum biochemical analysis as well as rapid feline infectious peritonitis (FIP) test and Rivalta test for the diseased cats. On basis of these results, six cats diagnosed with feline infectious peritonitis (effusive form) involving liver injury. Serum...
Farid S. Nassar1,2, Abdulaziz M. Alsahlawi3, Ahmed O. Abbas1,2*, Abdulaziz A. Alaqil1, Nancy N. Kamel4, Abdelwahab M. Abdelwahab1,5
...stify;">In the recent years, insect meals have been introduced as efficient and inexpensive sources of protein and energy in poultry nutrition. The current study was conducted to explore the possible impact of soybean-corn replacement with various levels of black soldier fly larvae Hermetia illucens (BSFL) meal on egg production, egg quality, physiological aspects and economic efficiency of laying hens. The study employed 270 commercial laye
Owolabi Olutunmise Victoria1*, Saka Olusola Stephen2, Olashinde Oluwaseun Ruth1, Alli Smith Yemisi Rufina3
...betes mellitus. Researchers are in search for safe drugs that can bring a total recovery from diabetes. Thirty (35) male wistar rats were divided into six (7) groups of five animals each to study the antidiabetic and antioxidative properties of young Cola acuminata leaves aqueous extract. Diabetes was induced using alloxan monohydrate.5 ml of normal saline was given to group I , group 2 received 5 mg/kg/ body weight of the standard drug glibenclamide, group 3 ...
Abdul Hadi Wasil1,2*, Jasmin Arif Shah1, Nur Bahiah Mohamed Haris1, Sardar M. Hashimi3 and Khal Mohammad Ahmadzai4
... almond smallholder farmers in the Tarin Kowt district. The results revealed a medium level of knowledge and attitude, and a high level of practice toward organic fertilizer adoption among the almond smallholder farmers. The finding showed that 97.4% of the farmers used cow manure and 20.7% used poultry manure. About 62.9% of the farmers used 0.67-1.08 t...
Tariq Mahmood1*, Mamoona Wali Muhammad2, Sami Ullah1, Bilal Ahmad3, Zarmina Aslam4, Naveed Ahmad Khan5, Muhammad Shahzaib Tariq6, Muhammad Ali Raza6, Rana Usama Iqbal7 and Samia Zain8
...oraging. Foraging behaviors in honey bees include seeking for food, recognizing and remembering the location of food sources, transporting and storing food, and interacting with other bees. The foraging activities of honey bee colonies connect them to their surroundings. As a result, several in- and out-of-colony factors impact this behavior. Foraging is advantageous not only to plants and insect colonies but also to humans....
Bashir Ahmad1*, Ali Muhammad Yousafzai2, Waqar Ali1, Ikram Ilahi1, Farman Ullah3, Saeed Ahmad1, Ayaz Ali Khan1, Umair Ahmad2 and Hafsa Maria2
...ematobiochemical parameters and several liver related serum parameters in paracetamol-intoxicated rabbits. Moreover, the amount of (DPPH) free radicals that garlic aqueous extract scavenged at various doses was used to determine its antioxidant capacity. There were five groups each of which contains eight rabbits as experimental animals. These groups were, group A (control animals), group B (intoxicated animals), group C (An...
Effect of Different Management Systems on Growth and Carcass traits of Post Weaned Male Kachhi Lambs
Shakeel Ahmed Tunio1, Muhammad Naeem1*, Atique Ahmed Behan1, Asmatullah Kaka2
...girth and height at withers were significantly increased in the lambs of group B kept under a semi-intensive management system as compared to lambs in group A reared under intensive management system.
...
...
Farid S. Nassar1,2, Abdulaziz M. Alsahlawi3, Mohammad A. Al-Mahaish4, Ahmed O. Abbas1,2*, Abdulaziz A. Alaqil1, Nancy N. Kamel5
...n each replicate). The first group of birds was fed a control finisher diet containing soybean-corn meal (0% MWM), while the remaining five groups of birds were provided with a finisher diet in which the soybean meal was partially replaced with 2%, 4%, 6%, 8%, and 10% MWM, respectively. Data were analyzed using the one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) with a polynomial test to explore the linear and quadratic effects of increasing the MWM levels into the broil...
Shaker Al-Suwaiegh
.... In addition, nutrients’ digestibility were determined. Blood samples were collected for determination of plasma proteins, glucose, liver enzymes and minerals parameters. The results indicated that Azolla pinnata contain protein (32.83%), crude fiber (13.6%), ether extract (1.17%) and ash (3.89%). Upon feeding, replacement diet with 20.0% Azolla pinnata caused significant increase in feed efficiency and body weight ga...
Hagar Magdy Ahmed1, Mohamed Mahrous Amer2*, Khaled Mohamed El-Bayoumi1, Ahmed Ali El-Shemy3, Mohamed Abd El-Rahman Bosila1, Gomaa Abd El-Rhim Abdel Alim2
...nation with Infectious Bursal Disease Virus (IBDV) “IBDV/Egypt/Qalubia/17” and/or some commercial immunostimulants (Lector® and Orego®) in commercial broiler chickens. The pathogenicity studies parameters included the effects on protection, growth performance and clinico-pathological changes. The results indicated that, immunostimulants can keep maternal immunity longer where lector® was the best; the...
Muhammad Shakil Ahmad1, Muhammad Afzal1, Liu Yu Feng2, Muhammad Shahroaz Khan1 and Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*
...er treatments. In two years field trials, binary combination of flubendiamide and spinetoram showed an average larval reduction of 59 – 100%, followed by 100% larval reduction exhibited by flubendiamide and spinetoram alone and by the combination of flubendiamide and A. indica formulations at 5th day of application. While, minimum larval reduction was recorded for both microbial insecticides alone and in combination for both year...
Aiman Amur*, Nasreen Memon, Reshma Sahito and Seema Memon
...ce range of Bactrocera dorsalis in three different mango cultivars in sindh province of Pakistan during 2013-2014. Experiment was conducted on major three varieties of mango Chunsa, Sindhri, Beganpali, Data were noted on calculating in good physical shape and pest-ridden mango fruit; casually collected from major mango growing areas of sindh. Rearing the fruit flies under controlled conditions in Laboratory. Collected the re...
Aamir Mushtaq1*, Fatima Habib2, Umar Farooq Gohar3, Abdul Malik4 and Mobasher Ahmad2
...ment of different disorders. However, more scientific work is needed to explore its fetotoxicity and genotoxicity.
Novelty Statement | In this article, we contributed a new thing by providing scientific evidences regarding acute and chronic toxicity of Pimpinella anisum that P. anisum is free from the toxic. It can be used in food and medicines quite safely.
...
Tilahun Bekele* and Abebaw H. Georgis
...grown as one of Ethiopia’s main seed spice crops. But its production and productivity are constrained by a shortage of improved varieties and poor cultural practices including seed rate. Therefore, studies were carried out in Andracha woreda of southwestern Ethiopia during the 2017 and 2018 major cropping period of year to identify the top-performing genotypes of black cumin (Nigella sativa L.) in response to seed rate. The experiment composed of four va...
Raad Hamad Mahmood Al-Badrany1* and Aamer Mohsen Mahmood Al-Ma’thidy2
...cteristics of (6) cultivars of Ficus carica L. namely; (Shynik, Akrah, Benatty, Rubari, Brown Turky and Jordan) cultivated in northern Iraq. The morphological study included the characteristics of the leaves (length and width of leaf blade, length and diameter of the leaf petiole, shape of the apex, base and margin of the leaf blade, number of lobes and colour of leaf bade), and fruit characteristics (length, diameter, size, ostiole diameter, peduncle length, ...
Nachaat Sakr
...d and durum wheat cultivars of varying susceptibility to four species of FHB. Although there were no marked differences in disease levels over the 3 years, a wide range of resistance was expressed by adult Type I and Type II to head blight among a group of eight cereal cultivars, indicating that host plays an important role in distinguishing head blight susceptibility. The differences of D...
Idrees Ahmad1, Muhammad Jamil2*, Hafiz Muhammad Zia Ullah1, Saira Saleem1, Syed Ahtisham Masood3, Umair Faheem4, Imran Akhtar5, Muhammad Abdullah6, Abdul Majid Khan5 and Naeem Iqbal7
...ing high-yielding cultivars is the possible solution. The present research work was carried out at Oilseeds Research Station Khanpur from 2006-21. The main objective was to develop a mustard cultivar with improved quantitative and qualitative traits. Bagh-o-bahar Raya is the name for strain KJ-238 and is an outcome of pedigree selection after hybridizing KJ-206 and J90-43001genotypes. Its maximum grain yield (3306 kg ha-1) was recorded at the Sahiwal location ...
S.H.M. Faruk Siddiki1*, Md. Golam Morshed2, Md Robiul Karim1, Lutfun Naher1, Md. Sodrul Islam3
...omic losses for the farmers. This study was conducted to determine the clinical prevalence of diseases in cattle attended at the Upazilla (sub-district) Veterinary Hospital, Mirzapur, in the Tangail district during the period between January 2017 and December 2018. A total of 22,418 clinical cases of cattle were diagnosed using general, physical, clinical, and microscopic examinations, as well as other conventional laboratory procedures. The recorded clinical ...
Zarema Alimsultanova Magomedova1, Kheda Khalitovna Dadaeva1, Roza Said-Akhmedovna Zakhkieva1, Islam Khasanovich Shakhbiev1*, Boris Kazievich Laipanov2
...he banks of foothill rivers, from rural households, from agricultural territories, from the territory of hayfields with eggs of the genus Nematodirus amounted to 40.59%, 38.11%, respectively, 33.90%, 37, 06%, 30.77%, 25.28% of soil samples, which indicates a moderate circulation of nematodiosis pathogens in the infrastructures of the foothill zone. In addition, it should be noted that these levels of environmental pollution by eggs of the genus Nematodirus are...
Shabana Noureen1, Shamaila Asad2, Saad Ullah3, Iqra Shafique Abbasi4 and Shakeel Ahmad5*
...delivery and last for years if left untreated. To describe a detailed case study on the treatment of postpartum depression. AB design was used to report a detailed case study on postpartum depression. Cognitive behavioural therapy was used to treat the symptoms of postpartum depression. After the short treatment of only six weeks, the client learned to manage the symptoms that she was experiencing for the past two years. The...
A. Yu. Aliev1*, A.A., Aliev1, A.M. Musaev1, M.Z. Magomedov2
...n once a day on of the first 2 days of treatment, and also of carry out arrogant novocaine blockade according to D.D. Logvinov, twice 0.25% novocaine of solution, at a dose of 0.5 ml / kg body weight. In the experimental group, where the complex antimicrobial preparation Dioxinor was used, the effectiveness of treating serous mastitis in sheep was 96,3%....
Kamilla Gadzhimuradovna Alieva1, Patimat Mitkhatovna Daniyalova1, Svetlana Aleksandrovna Shemyakova2*, Kerim Khasanovich Bolatchiev2, Ismail Anatolyevich Bittirov3
...p>...
Vetlana Aleksandrovna Shemyakova1, Boris Kazievich Laipanov1, Ismail Anatolyevich Bittirov2, Kerim Khasanovich Bolatchiev1, Kamilla Gadzhimuradovna Alieva4, Anatoly Murashevich Bittirov2,3*
... of the genus of as factors of contamination of mountain pastures of the North Caucasus by invasive elements are considered by us for the first time. As seen of in the mountain zone (Elbrus district, Zolsky pastures, and Chereksky district) 60.00 - 90.00% of soil samples are contaminated with eggs of the nematodes genus Bunostomum (Raillet, 1902) (average 13,80±1,30 ekz. per 5 g of soil). The dynamics pasture of so...
Lovita Adriani1*, Chitra Kumalasari1, Endang Sujana2, Ronny Lesmana3
...m Sukarapi Village, Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia. A total of 40 laying hens 90 weeks were randomly allocated to four treatments and five replications, with experimental Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The treatments were, T0: probiotic powder free-control diet. T1: ration and 2 % powder probiotic, T2: ration and 3% powder probiotic, T3: ration and 4% powder probiotic. Statistically, there was no significant differences (P>0.05) in hemoglobin...
Hendrikus Fatem1,3, Abdul Latief Toleng2, Muhammad Yusuf2*, Herry Sonjaya2
...earch that involved farmers and Bali cows reared under palm oil plantations. A total of 71 heads of Bali cows that have been calving for two consecutive times were used in the present study. The parameters measured were services per conception, length of pregnancy, the interval from calving to the first AI, the interval from calving to conception, and the calving interval. The results of t...
Aiman Al-Mufarji, Shaker Al-Suwaiegh, Abd El-Nasser Mohammed*
...1.86 kg/head and 2.50 years old were allotted using complete random design to control and two M. oleifera groups (50.0 and 100.0 g/day). Relative humidity and ambient temperature were recorded and the temperature humidity index (THI) was calculated. Body weights of ewes and resulting lambs (kg) were recorded during the prepartum and postpartum periods. The small, medium and large ovarian follicles were recoded postpartum on day 18, and corpora lutea (CL) were ...
Roni Pazla1, Novirman Jamarun1*, Elihasridas1, Arief1, Gusri Yanti2, Zaitul Ikhlas2
...d tithonia (Tithonia diversifolia) as a forage protein source in Kacang goat rations. Avocado waste to optimize rumen bioprocessing. This research aimed to obtain good performance from Kacang goats through appropriate ration formulation based on fermented forage (sugarcane shoots and tithonia) with avocado waste. This formulation is expected to minimize the use of concentrate in the ration. This study used 16 male Kacang goats aged one year, which consisted of...
Seyedmohammad Karimi1, Mohammad Darvishi2*, Mohammad Barati3, Ramin Hamidi Frahani4, Mohammad Hassan Kazemi5
...n a problem in recent years. The first FDA approved drug in the treatment of this disease was Remdesivir, which, despite its many benefits, has harmful effects on the liver. Melatonin and N-acetylcysteine, two drugs that have previously been shown to protect the liver with their antioxidant properties, may reduce the hepatic toxicity induced by Remdesivir. Given that few studies have been performed on the role of oral melato...
Muhammad Humayun Kabir* and Md. Saiful Islam
...ing capacity of the farmers and to make a comparison between public and private extension services regarding their effectiveness towards farmers’ capacity building. A multistage (both purposive and random) sampling method was applied to select the study location as well as the sampling unit (farmer/household head). Data were collected from randomly selected 336 farme
Aqleem Abbas1, Mustansar Mubeen2, Yasir Iftikhar2, Qaiser Shakeel3*, Hafiz M. Imran Arshad4, Maria del Carmen Zuñiga Romano5 and Sarfaraz Hussain6
...proaches, gene loci/markers, gene silencing, and genome editing are also summarized. Finally, the expression of resistant-related genes in rice crops and biological agent mechanisms of action are discussed....
Tariq H.Y. Al-Maliky*, Mahmood S. Hashim and Amal S. Al-Sheraa
.... The environmental factors were temperature 24-29 ˚C, acidity 7-8, and dissolved oxygen 5-10 g.L-1. Bacterial contamination (CFU m.L-1 10⁶) was evident in treatment D and included four types of bacteria: Bacillus spp., Escherchia coli, Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., and Enterococcus spp. The survival rates of M. affinis during different breeding periods in the two salinities remained as follows: (93.33 ± 5.77, 9.00 ± 10.00, 83.33 &p...
Muhammad Adeel Qureshi1*, Raza Ahmad2, Bilal Ahmed1, Tanzim Ullah Khan1 and Muhammad Yasin3
Syed Shah Mohioudin Gillani1, Muhammad Naveed Tahir1, Adeel Anwar1*, Syed Ijaz Ul Haq2, Muhammad Awais3, Mujahid Iqbal4, Javed Iqbal5, Hina Ahmed Malik3, Syed Muhammad Zaigham Abbas Naqvi6, Raza Ullah7 and Muhammad Abdullah Khan1
...methods enable us to understand the different environmental impacts and help to respond to them precisely and rapidly. Chlorophyll pigmentation in plants is a supreme factor to assess the health of plants and ultimately leads to crop yield estimation. The present experiment evaluated the capacity of high-resolution satellite imagery to estimate wheat chlorophyll content coupled with ground-based information for accurately monitoring crop chlorophyll status und...
Muhammad Umair1,2, Muhammad Naeem1, Asad Jamil3 and Muhammad Younas2,4*
...tatus of soils further worsens the soil conditions. All these factors have severely reduced soil productivity. There is need for some sustainable management practices for rehabilitation of degraded soils in arid zones. Application of organic matter under these conditions can restore the soil productivity. So, use of biochar for soil restoration under these conditions can be an efficient approach due to its long-term stabilit...
Hasina Basharat1, Muhammad Ramzan Ali2*, Aziz Ahmed2, Rehana Kausar2 and Shamim Akhter1
...iency (FE) and Food Conversion Ratio (FCR) were best at the lower feeding levels. Although maximum weight gain is 8% feeding level, yet based upon cost benefit analysis, feeding at 4% rate was considered best. The economic profitability for the culture of African catfish in earthen ponds showed that net profit is increased on increasing feeding level from 2 to 4% of wet fish body weight, however, upon further increase in feeding level from 6 and 8%, the feed c...
Anatoly Murashevich Bittirov1*, Sadrutdin Shamshitovich Kabardiev1, Ayub Yusupovich Aliev1, Boris Kazievich Laipanov2, Svetlana Aleksandrovna Shemyakova2, Ismail Anatolyevich Bittirov1
...he a/l It-kol, Cheget, Terskol, Azau) in the populations of the Mountain Caucasian ground squirrel, 12 cestode species: Raillietina sp., Rodentolepis straminea, Paranoplocephala transversaria, Rodentotaenia bondarevae, Mathevotaenia symmetrica, Paranoplocephala omphalodes, Skrjabinotaenia lobata, Paranoplocephala dentate, Strobilocercus fasciolaris, Cysticercus longycollis, Alveococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulo...
Khasan Khamidovich Shakhbiev1*, Saidkhamzat Saidmagomedovich Abumuslimov1, Larisa. Vakhaevna Taramova1, Islam Khasanovich Shakhbiev1, Svetlana Aleksandrovna Shemyakova2
... see, this pathology occurs in puppies within 55.5%,of in one-year-old young animals - 30.0%, in adult males and females - 15.0% of the number cases, which indicates of the dominant prevalence of echinococcosis complicated of by streptococcosis among young dogs. The effectiveness of the new bactericidal-anthelmintic composition azitroprazifen at a dose of 20 mg / kg body weight with ground beef of in echinococcosis young of dogs complicated by streptococcosis ...
Mishal Bano1, Amir Shakeel1, Waqar-ul-Haq1, Muhammad Nouman Khalid1*, Nadia Hussain Ahmad2, Muhammad Sajid Sharif3, Sadia Kanwal2, Muhammad Asim Bhutta2, Amna Bibi2 and Ifrah Amjad1
... fashion with three testers CIM-595, CRS-2, and BS-80 during the 2021–2022. The F1 hybrids and their parents were planted in the fields, Plant Breeding and Genetics department, University of Agriculture Faisalabad using two replications with randomized complete block design (RCBD). Results of ANOVA revealed that all the genotypes were highly signif...
Ghulam Sarwar Shah1,2, Maqsood Anwar Rustamani1, Rab Dino Khuhro1, Rehana Naz Syed1 and Abdul Mubeen Lodhi1
...bination of various factors makes the control of Pythium aphanidermatum difficult. However, synthetic fungicides provide quick and effective control. Therefore, we checked the sensitivity of different isolates of P. aphanidermatum to 17-old and novel fungicides. Against all isolates, the fungicides’ main effect, concentration’s main effect, and fungicides&...
Kainat Bibi1*, Sajjad Khan1, Zulfiqar Ali Gurmani1, Fahad Karim Awan1 and Sajid Ali2
...2019. Seven wheat cultivars (Atta Habib, Faisalabad, ASS, Punjab 2011, Lasani, NARC-11 and Pakistan-13) were sown using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Source of organic manure was compost, poultry manure and farm yard manure while for inorganic treatments commercial fertilizers urea and di-amonium phosphate fertilizers were applied at recommended doses. Da...
Ayaz Ahmed1*, Muhammad Zulfiqar1 and Saadutullah Khan2
... had 5 to 10 family members which indicated joint family system. Literacy status in study areas was very low (30%). Sayed, Swati, Awan, Gujjar and Kohistani tribes were residing in the study villages. Crop production was their primary occupation, secondary livestock rearing; tertiary sale of non-timber forest products; fourth source of income was remittances and fifth was labor work respectively. Study results discovered that 69% of sample households had earne...
Saba Iqbal1, Salman Khurshid1*, Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Qurrat-Ul-Ain Akbar1, Aqeel Ahmed Siddique3, Saqib Arif1, Shahid Yousaf2, Masooma Munir4, Abdul Karim Khan4, Shazia Arif5, Abdul Ahad6 and Muhammad Arif7
Sajid Mehmood Shahzad
...lign: justify;">Pakistan’s economic and development strategy falls short compared to what is considered essential for any nation that multiplies. The federal government did not maximize the utilization of its land, sea, and air assets. The reason for this is the persistent issues with the trade and payments balance and inflation, unemployment, and program inconsistency. This is one area where the maritime sector has be...
M.M. Mikailov1*, O. Yu. Chernykh2, E.A. Yanikova1, G.A. Nurlygayanova3, O.D. Sklyarov4
Muhammad Afzal1,3*, Shafqat Saeed1, Hasan Riaz1, Muhammad Ishtiaq1, M. Habib ur Rahman2
...evealed that overall diversity of whitefly cryptic species in Pakistan is higher than previous studies. Some whitefly cryptic species cause direct damage to the crops by feeding and indirectly by transmission of plant viruses that reduce the crop yield and quality. Cotton leaf curl virus (CLCuV) management is difficult due to multiple virulent strains and higher recombination rate that is a serious threat to the cotton crop of the last two decades in Pakistan....
Yuli Retnani1*, Heri Ahmad Sukria1, Indah Wijayanti1, Didid Diapari1, Muhammad Dimas Erlangga1, M Fatahillah Ibsyah1, Taryati1, Nisa Nurmilati Barkah1,3, Novia Qomariyah2,3
...e form of silage and wafers. The study consisted of five treatments and four groups using 20 local male sheep. The results showed that feeding local sheep with agricultural waste in the form of silage and wafers had a significant (P < 0.05) effect on the dry matter, crude protein, and crude fat intake and was able to increase final body weights and feed efficiency compared to sheep fed with conventional feed. Processing o...
Mutia Rizkia Shaffira, Nurhayati, Dwi Desmiyeni Putri*
...ne hundred unsexed broilers were reared for 28 days. This study used a completely randomized design (CRD) with 4 treatments and 5 replications, each replication consist of 5 broilers placed randomly in each treatment. The treatment were P0 = giving drinking water without adding red ginger and brotowali extract (control), P1 = giving 1% red ginger extract in drinking water, P2 = giving 5.12 g/kg body weight of brotowali extra...
Safika1*, Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari1, Juliadi Ramadhan2
...r, Indonesia. This study’s total sample comprised of 58 clinical cat laryngeal swabs. Samples were isolated and biochemically and molecularly identified. The Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method was used to test positive isolates, followed by PCR method to discover the resistance coding genes. The results showed that ampicillin showed 76.0% resistance to Klebsiella pneumoniae, followed by oxytetracycline (72.0%) and tetracycline (68.0%), enrofloxacin (52.0%...
Hussein Jabar Jasim1*, Amer Murhum Al-Amery2
...atocytes with large numbers of inflammatory cell infiltration such as eosinophil, Kupffer cell and scattered lymphocytes in the area previously migrated by young flukes as well hepatocytes displayed a fatty change with dilated hepatic sinusoids. Furthermore, our findings show that the bile ducts have hyperplasia, which is associated with fibrous cholangitis and an abundance of inflammatory cells with accumulated bile pigment (hemosiderin) in the dilated bile d...
Sepri Reski*, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli, Montesqrit, Maria Endo Mahata
...e Test (DMRT). The study’s results were that the administration of Turbinaria murayana seaweed fermentation products with different levels showed a very significant effect (P≤ 0.01) on the cholesterol content of egg yolks. However, no significant effect (P≥0.05) on egg weight, shell thickness, shell percentage, yolk percentage, white percentage and egg fat content. This study concludes that Turbinaria murayana seaweed fermentation products can be u...
S. A. Khanzada, M. Naeemullah, A. Munir†, S. Iftikhar and S. Masood
... varieties. Maximum numbers of plant parasitic nematodes were found associated with pahari podina. No plant parasitic nematode was found associated with field mint (Mentha arvensis
M. A. Radwan†, S. A. A. Farrag, M. M. Abu-Elamayem and N. S. Ahmed
...;on tomato based on numbers of galls and juveniles (J2) as well as on plant growth characteristics in a glasshouse. The rate of the formulated form of oxamyl, carbofuran or cadusafos...
B. K. Goswami, C. Bhattacharya, R. Paul and T. A. Khan
...s on growth, yield and forskolin content in root-knot nematode infected Coleus plants. Among the tested treatments,
A.E. Ismail and M. M. Mohamed
...ld and total soluble sugars (TSS %) under new reclaimed sandy loam field. Results indicated that all treatments at their rates significantly (p≤ 0.05 and / or 0.01) reduced females, galls and egg-mass numbers as compared to un-amended plants. All rates of Ch M treatment gave best results in protecting sugar beet plants and diminishing the nematode population densities in various stages. But, SM treatment with their rates ...
M. A. Haq, M. Shahid and K. Mahmood
...p;comprises a distinct dorsal arch composed of smooth to wavy lines and no lateral incisures. This new record of M. incognita has not been hitherto reported in Pakist...
W. Khan, N. U. Nisa, A. Khan and S. M. H. M. Naqvi
...on under and above 15 years age in Swat, Pakistan. Stool samples were randomly collected during January 2006 to December 2008 and examined from a total of 420 individuals including 238 and 182 under and above 15 years age, respectively from Urban and Rural area of Swat, Pakistan. The techniques used were wet mount (WMT), sedimentation and centrifugation. A number of 171 individuals were found infected with any single species...
O. A. Fabiyi, G. A. Olatunji and O. Atolani
...0.05) effective in the first hour of exposure to M. incognita juveniles with a percentage mortality of 48.62% which was not significantly different from carbofuran. A...
Saima Akter1, Md. Rasel Prank1, Shariful Islam1, Sharmin Akter1, Injamamul Hasnine1, Murshed Uddin Ahmed2, Md. Shohel Al Faruk3*
... create a risk that impairs the livestock industry. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors of parasitic infestation of cattle in the Livestock Office and Veterinary Hospital, Ullapara, Sirajganj, Bangladesh. A total of 121 fecal samples were collected and examined through a direct smear to detect the presence of the egg and oocyst of parasites. The overall prevalence of cattle parasitic infes...
Tae-Kyung Eom1, Jae-Kang Lee1, Dong-Ho Lee1, Ho-Kyoung Bae1, Hyeongyu Ko1, Kyu-Jung Kim1, Sung-Cheol Jung2, Jong-Hwan Lim2 and Shin-Jae Rhim1*
...ribute to gaining an understanding of community ecology. During the warm seasons of the years 2019 to 2021, we used camera traps to monitor the activity patterns of water deer Hydropotes inermis, roe deer Capreolus pygargus, and Amur goral Naemorhedus caudatus in the Seoraksan and Jirisan National Parks, South Korea. We compared activity patterns among pairs of sympatric species in each ar...
Jie Chen, Qinghua Qiu, Yanjiao Li, Xianghui Zhao, Lanjiao Xu, Xiaowen Xiong, Qingqi Wen, Mingren Qu and Kehui Ouyang*
...sis transcriptional factors such as sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-γ) were lower than that in subcutaneous pre-adipocytes. Moreover, the LGM group increased the expressions of LC-3, reduced the p62 in both subcutaneous and visceral pre-adipocytes, and decreased the expression of the PPAR-γ, SREBP-1c, and HSL. It is shown that triglyceride accumulation of pre-adipocy...
Salahud Din
...nd distal phalanx. The first two phalanges were long bones. The shaft of the phalanx proximalis (P1) was thick proximally than distally and slightly arched. The phalanx media (P2) was shorter in length than the proximal. Its proximal articular surface was divided into two glenoid cavities “axial and abaxial’ by a dorsopalmar ridge. The phalanx distalis (P3) was triangular, with...
Hidayat Ullah1, Sadia Tabassum1, Sultan Ayaz2, Shumaila Noreen1, Atta Ur Rehman1, Naveed Akhtar3, Muhsin Ali3, Zaib Ullah3* and Sajid Mahmood1,4
...health losses. In this perspective 6469 tick specimens were collected from goats and sheep breeds of the Hazara Division and identified into seven species on morphometrics basis, in which four species were recorded new to this area. Out of identified seven species, four tick species Rhipicephalus microplus, Hyalomma rufipes, Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides, Haemaphysalis bispinosa were identified from goats and three species Hyalomma marginatum, Hyalomma excava...
Mohamed S. Abbas1*, Adel E.M. Mahmoud2, Hemat S. Mohamed3, Adam Cieślak4 and Małgorzata Szumacher-Strabel4
Aadil Sultan, Mohsin Ahmad Khan*, Nadeem Ahmed, Muhammad Hassan, Rashid Bhatti, Hafsa Naeem, Muhammad Islam Khan, Saad Tahir, Samia Afzal* and Ahmad Ali Shahid
...ng the culturing parameters or targeting the genetic factors that enhance protein production. One of those genetic factors is gene dosage, which can be increased by increasing the vector copy number. However, increased number of expression vector poses some metabolic burdens on bacterial cells. The current study provides gene multimerization strategy as an alternate way to amplify the gene...
Shah Murad Khan1, Hamayun Khan1, Younas Muhammad1, Haq Aman Ullah1*, Muhammad Tariq Tunio2, Ali Gohar2 and Fazli Rabbani3
...l insemination after 16 hrs. Animals in MSS group were administered with a controlled internal drug release (CIDR) insert on day -7 with simultaneous use of prostaglandin 2-alpha (PGF2-α), GnRH-1 at day -5, removal of CIDR at day 0, concurrent with two doses of PGF2-α at 8 hr. interval, GnRH-2 on day 3, followed by TAI after 16 hrs. Results showed higher estrogen (E2) and lower progesterone (P4) concentrations fo...
Rehman Shabbir1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Noor us-Sabah1, Mukkaram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Luqman*2, Muhammad Fahad Ullah3, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1 and Imran Shahzad1
...e physiochemical parameters of the soil such as pH, EC, organic matter, heavy metals and physiological parameters of the tomato plants were observed. Most of the soil parameters were proved higher with the irrigation of the industrial wastewater effluents than the soil irrigated with canal water. The tomato plants were grown at the different ratios of industrial wastewater. The experiment ...
Yusri Sapsuha1*, Nur Sjafani1, Suryati Tjokrodiningrat2
...otential of modern broilers. The performance of broiler chickens is focused on maximizing performance parameters, i.e., fast chicken growth with low feed consumption, and with optimal health status. This study provides an in-depth review of the use of cloves in feed to improve broiler chicken production performance and health. In conclusion, cloves contain bioactive substances that can be used to improve broiler chicken perf...
Esam A Razin1, Hassan Sobhy2, Tarek R. AboElnaga1, Asmaa A. Darwish1*, Rasha S. Mohammed1
...oup (CG)), while the others were intraperitoneally injected with T. evansi and then equally divided into Trypanosoma Group (TG): which remained without treatment. Diminazene aceturate group (DAG): injected with Diminazene aceturate (3.5mg/kg) at 0, 14th, and 28th days. Basil group (BG): treated with essential oil of basil (850μL/kg) at 0, 14th, and 28th days. Blood samples were collected daily for monitoring the parasitemia and the clinicopathological param...
Ghada A. Ibrahim1*, Mohamed Sayed Helal1, Nahed Abd Elhafeeze Kamoura2, Mohamed Samir3,4, Amira Mohamed Mazid5, Mohamed F.M. Farag6
...ver, ESBL-resistant markers (blaCTX-M, blaTEM and blaSHV) were found in 100%, 85% and 80% of the same isolates, respectively. A significant positive correlation (R = 0.7) was reported between aerobactine and magA virulence genes and blaTEM and blaSHV ESBL resistant genes, respectively. In addition, the hemato-biochemical analysis of 100 blood samples (50 from naturally infected and 50 from apparently healthy cattle) revealed significant decreases in the haemob...
Asmaa A. Darwish*, Mona A. Mahmoud, Adel M. El-Kattan
...ate and suggest new markers for brucellosis. Sera were obtained randomly from ewes and does then tested serologically by the Rose Bengal Plate test (RBPT) and competitive ELISA test (cELISA). The animals of each specie were divided into 2 groups: the control group CG (results of both tests were negative) and the diseased group DG (results of one or both tests were positive). The clinicopathological parameters were estimated ...
Abdul Azis*, Afriani Afriani
...free access to feed 2 hours/day and 4 hours/day on the body weight of broiler, carcasses characteristics, gastrointestinal tract and immune organs at the end feed restricted and re-alimentation period. This research used two hundred of seven days-old unsexed commercial strain Lohmann of broiler chicken. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 5 treatments and 4 replications. As a control, chickens were fed ad...
Trisiwi Wahyu Widayati1*, Aris Triyono Syahputra2, Andoyo Supriyantono1, Onesimus Yoku1, Deny Anjelus Iyai1, Priyo Sambodo1, Iriani Sumpe1
... pools around the farmer’s house in both systems, vegetable samples were collected from three points ± 0 m, ± 1 m, and ± 2 m apart from the fence and soil samples were collected at three points ± 1 m apart, ± 10 m apart, ±25 m from the house with three replications. The second stage of collection was carried out on day 0 and day 30 after laleken was applied. Sample examination with native method, McMaster and sed...
Sadaf Aman1, Fouzia Tabssum2, Ali Hussain3, Shamsa Jabeen1 and Javed Iqbal Qazi1*
...e found in the feed conversion ratio between control group (2.02 ± 0.07), T1 (1.48 ± 0.03) and T2 (1.47 ± 0.02). Survival remained 100% in all the treatments. Water quality parameters differed insignificantly for different treatment groups and remained in favorable range throughout the study period. All the treatments showed lower values of fat contents and higher values of crude protein. No negative cha...
Muhammad Shahid1*, Muhammad Idrees1, Afza Rasul2, Iram Amin1 and Samia Afzal1
...used to find the biomarkers of infection. Logistic regression analysis revealed that liver enzymes (ALT, AST, ALP, γGT, albumin), blood cell count (globulin, platelets, MCHC RBC, WBC, monocytes% and lymphocytes%), lipid profile (HDL, LDL, VLDL, TC) were significant predictive factors in HCV infection. Similarly, ROC analysis suggested that ALT, AST, ALP, MCHC, TC, and VLDL variables have the potential to discriminate H...
Ferzana Bhatti1, Fiaz Hussain2, Zain ul Abdin1*, Muhammad Arshad1, Saqi Kosar Abbas2 and Muhammad Zeeshan Shabbir3
... and secretion of Dufour’s gland of B. hebetor into healthy and mature host larvae. To observe the effects of venom injection on development of parasitoid progeny, freshly laid eggs of the parasitoid were transferred from stung hosts onto non-stung hosts. Venom caused 100% mortality of the host even in diluted forms; Dufour’s gland secretion did not cause any significant mortality. The secretions injected by an o...
Bilgenur Yasa1* and Ali Uzun2
...lies belonging to 19 orders in the Kocaçay Delta, Turkey, within the borders of the Karacabey District of Bursa Province, in a study conducted over the course of one year (2017). The distribution of species in terms of orders is as follows: Falconiformes, 1 (0.8%); Phoenicopteriformes, 1 (0.8%); Bucerotiformes, ...
Zongliang Li1, Rongxin Ma2,*, Yan Wei1 and Jianghua Zuo3
...ncial Women and Children’s Hospital from May 2018 to April 2019 were enrolled in the study, including 37 males and 43 females. The children were randomized into two groups according to the experiment: the conventional treatment group (taking one tablet of propranolol) and the combination treatment group (topical application of timolol maleate and 32P application). mRNA expression of VEGF and TGF-b was increased in the conventional treatment group compare...
Hasnain Raza1,2, Qun Liu1*, Muhammad Tariq Hanif2 and Yanan Han1
...vest levels but also offers a wide variety of other fishery-related measures for management purposes. To do so, we used two newly developed Catch-based Monte Carlo method of estimating MSY (CMSY) and the Bayesian state-space Schaefer production model (BSM) based on the catch and effort time series data from (1993-2017) from the Western Indian Ocean (WIO), Pakistan. The five major fish species of commercial importance exploited by heterogeneous fishing fleets i...
Rana Aamir Shehzad1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Sabir Hussain Shah2, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1, Sher Muhammad2, Muhammad Aftab3, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Imran Shehzad1 and Usman Saleem4
...n of phosphatic fertilizers is compulsory. But P availability is low due to its fixation, which is a major constraint in achieving sustainability in crop production. A pot trial was performed to estimate the efficiency of organic manures for P release from rock phosphate by wheat. The fourteen treatments with six replicates were arranged according to completely randomized design (CRD). Treatments of the study were T1 = Recommended N, K with no P, T2 = Recommen...
Bin Hu1*, Jianchang Qu2, Tenglong Han3 and Jun Leng1
...flora, inflammatory factors and blood sugar control in patients with diabetes and periodontitis. A total of 72 diabetic patients with periodontitis who were treated in our hospital were taken as the expirmental objects, as the control group (n=36) and the study group (n=36). Patients in the control group received normal diabetes treatment and basic periodontal treatment, and the study group received probiotic treatment on the basis of the control group. The di...
Lihang Wang, Qiling Chen, Tingsheng Lu, Shudan Yao, Xingwei Pu and Chunshan Luo*
...cation of modified Allen’s method was for injury of the spinal cord (T10) in rats and treated SCI was with MH or/and MPS immediately. Conduction of Basso-Beattie-Bresnahan (BBB) scores was on all rats at different time points after surgery. Subsequently harvest of the serum and the spinal cord tissues was behind euthanasia of rats. Detection of biochemical indicators, observation of cell apoptosis, and determination of...
Van-Thanh Vo1, Thi-Hieu Tran1, Thi-Truc-Thao Nguyen1, Van-Tri Truong1, Cu-Thien Pham1, Thanh-Minh Pham2 and Huyen Nguyen Thi Thuong1*
Hafiz Abdullah Shakir1*, Iqra Javed1, Muhammad Irfan2*, Shaukat Ali3, Muhammad Khan1, Farah Rauf Shakoori1, Javed Iqbal Qazi1 and Muhammad Abrar Yousaf1
...various physical parameters and medium components were optimized for maximum tannase production employing Raoultella ornithinolytica in solid state fermentation (SSF) using corn (Zea mays) leaves as substrate to reduce its production cost. The maximum tannase production was obtained with 60% initial substrate moisture contents, tap water as enzyme extraction medium with 2 mL volume, 45°C incubation temperature, pH 7, 300 µL inoculum size, 24 h incuba...
Songruo Tao1, Cuiyi Liao1, Jinju Peng1, Yuexia Ding1,* and Yi Ma1,2,*
...on 16S rDNA sequence diversity of phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria. Five different concentrations of florfenicol (0 mg·kg-1, 0.1 mg·kg-1, 1 mg·kg-1, 10 mg·kg-1 and 100 mg·kg-1) were used to collect soil samples on the 7 d, 21 d and 49 d after dosing. The effects of florfenicol on 16S rDNA sequence diversity of soil phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria were determined by amplifed ribosomal DNA r...
Rahmat Ullah Khan1*, Karim Gabol1, Asif Sadam2, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Hamidullah4 and Abdul Rahim1
...with help of the landowners. Overall, 52 nests were found mainly built on five different types of vegetation at an average height of 2.87±1.3 m above the ground. The shape of the nest was round to oblong, in the center or on the branch fork of plants. The nests were mainly constructed using local dry grasses (48%) followed by crop leaves (35%), plastic string (10%), and unidentified materials (7%). The average outer diameter of the nest 12.00±1.1...
Alsaied Alnaimy Habeeb*, Amaal M. Kamal, Mostafa Abbas A. Atta, Ahmed K. Sharaf
... bunnies from their mothers affected the health and ability of doe rabbits to reproduce as well as the survival of the young from birth to weaning. In this study, twenty female New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits were employed, immediately following first parity. The young rabbits were left with their mothers for the first two days after kindling so they cou...
Athhar Manabi Diansyah1, Muhammad Yusuf2*, Abdul Latief Toleng2, Muhammad Ihsan Andi Dagong2, Tulus Maulana3, Hasrin4, Abdullah Baharun5
...pproximately last ten years is Bali-polled bull. Thus, the selection of polled bulls is crucial, mainly in modern livestock management. The aims of this study to identify sperms post-thawing quality and proteomic plasma semen as fertility performance in Bali-polled bull. The utilization of Bali-horned bulls as a point of reference was necessary to achieve this aim. The semen samples from Bali-horned and Bali-polled bulls were obtained twice weekly using an art...
Dalia Zaafar1*, Heba M.A Khalil2, Soha Hassanin3, Mohamed R. Mousa4, Mona G. Khalil1
...enetic and hormonal factors. Patients frequently experience cancer metastasis, relapse, and therapeutic failure despite the use of advanced therapeutic strategies for cancer treatment. As a result, many scientists are currently looking for newly repositioned drugs that can either inhibit cancer proliferation or promote cancer cell apoptosis. Methods: This study examined the effectiveness of pioglitazone (Pio) against mice bearing Ehrlich solid carcinoma in ter...
Shabana Memon1*, Aamir Ali Abro1, Muhammad Iqbal Jakhro2, Aqsa Farid3, Maliha Habib4, Maqbool Ahmed5, Liaquat Ali Bhutto6, Saba Ambreen Memon7 and Muhammad Farooq8*
...ht-tolerant wheat cultivars is crucial. At the Plant Physiology Division of NIA, Tando Jam, the current experiment was conducted during the Rabi year of 2021. At both the P0.01 and P0.05 probability levels, the growth measurements at the seedling stage revealed extremely significant variations for all characteristics among genotypes, treatments, and interactions. The results demonstrated a stronger osmotic impact when using -0.5 MPa PEG. At the seedling stage,...
Imdad Hussain Soomro1, Gulfam Ali Mughal1, Naeem Rajput1, Rameez Raja Kaleri2,6*, Deepesh Kumar Bhuptani3, Raza Ali Mangi4, Ghulam Mustafa Solangi5, Sheva Dhari6, Abdul Wahid Solangi6 and Zoya Parveen Soomro6
..., Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam. For this purpose, twelve Tapri male goat kids of six months age were purchased from local market and divided into two groups, each group contains six kids. (Group A was fed with fresh maize grass and Group B was fed with maize feeding silage). After completion of 2 months trail results was collected and analyzed. The result for weekly weight gain statistical analysis showed that non-significant (P≥0.05) difference b...
Alsi Dara Paryuni1, Soedarmanto Indarjulianto1, Tri Untari2, Sitarina Widyarini3*
...amination, by using Wood’s lamp, and microscopic examination of hyphae on the skin was used for preliminary screening of dermatophytosis. Identification of fungi was conducted by scrapping area infection of the skin and then cultured on Dermatophyte Test Medium (DTM) for macroscopic and microscopic examination. The results of this study demonstrated that dermatophytosis in cats is characterized by the presence of multifocal alopecia, scale, pruritus, and...
Safriyanto Dako1, Nibras Karnain Laya1, Syukri I Gubali1, Ari Ardiantoro2, V.M Ani Nurgiartiningsih3, Gatot Ciptadi3, Desinta Wulandari3, Suyadi Suyadi3*
... to evaluate genetic diversity and relationships using microsatellite markers between the populations of Gorontalo cattle in Gorontalo Province, Indonesia, using 3 microsatellite markers. A total of 126 samples of local bovine blood were collected, which consisted of North Gorontalo (n=28), Gorontalo (n=52), Bonebolango (n=37), PO (n=3), and Bali (n=6), were used in this study. The Genomic...
Saleem Hussain1, Muhammad Tayyab1, Tauqir Anwar1, Talha Nazir2*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed3, Zohaib Asad2,4, Muhammad Adnan3 and Tajwar Alam5
..., cost-effective, less persistent and exhibit low mammalian toxicity than synthetic pesticides. This study assessed the toxicity potential of seven local plant species (i.e. parthenium Parthenium hysterophorus L., eucalyptus Eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh., milkweed Calotropis gigantean (L.) Dryand., bakain Melia azedarach L., neem Azadirachta indica A. Juss., tobacco Nicotiana tabacum L. and thorn apple Datura stramonium L.) against wheat aphid (Schizaphis gr...
Nasratullah Baloch1*, Naeem Tariq Narejo2, Hamida Narejo3, Muhammad Farooq Hassan4, Muhammad Hanif Chandio5, Faheem Saddar6, Dharti Shahnawaz Thebo7, Ghulam Abbas8 and Shahnaz Rashid8
...physico-chemical parameters from Sonmiani Bay, Balochistan, Pakistan was studied from January to December 2016. For month-wise analysis of zoo- and phytoplankton was performed by using net of 25 µm mesh size. For the qualitative and computable examination of planktons, the 50 liters of bay water was strained and residue fixed with 5% formalin in sampling bottles. The 99 genera of both the planktons were recorded, which...
Ambrin Rajput1* and Mehrunisa Memon2
... mungbean growth parameters, 75 kg ha-1 P2O5 gave highest result of yield related parameters. The maximum plant height (70 cm), number of plant/ treatment (82), number of fruits bearing branches (23), number of pods plant-1 (88), 1000 grain weight (45.3 g), biomass yield (2478 kg ha-1), yield of grain (2986 kg ha-1), yield of straw (509 kg ha-1), protein (22%), leaves P (0.46 %) content, P uptake (11.49 kg ha-1) and P utiliz...
Shabana Noureen1, Shirmeen Ijaz2, Saad Ullah3, Iqra Shafique Abbasi4 and Shakeel Ahmad5*
...ing directly with the users in real-time. Currently, it has been used to communicate mental illnesses as well. To examine symptoms and major themes of social anxiety discussed on Twitter A qualitative research design was used in the current research. NCapture was used to randomly select 500 tweets of social anxiety published from 1st January 2022 to 30th June 2022. Nvivo was used to do a content analysis of tweets. The content analysis reflected three major sy...
Ali I. Al-Ameedi1, Zahraa M. Ayad2*, Wed Abbas Mohammed3, Salim K. Hajwal4
...ps of ten animals. The first group received hydroxyurea (80mg/kg B. W) orally daily for 30 days, while second and third group received Ginkgo Biloba (100 mg/ kg.BW) and omega3 (150 mg/kg.BW) orally daily for two weeks of HU administration as protective and 4th group (C-ve) were considered as control negative group was given distilled water orally. After therapy by removing the bone marrow from the animal’s bone after a...
Muhammad Yaseen1, Muhammad Luqman1*, Sheer Abbas2, Usman Saleem1, Abdul-Gafar Ahmed3 and Muhammad Salman Aslam1
...ajor cereal crops is adversely affected due to weather changing conditions. Farmers have not appropriate resources to recover these gaps produced by climate changes. This study makes an attempt to check farmers’ awareness regarding climate. It also inspects the inferences of climate change on major cereal crops like wheat, maize and rice at distric...
Abdirahman Barre*, Karanja D Njuguna, Bebora Lilly Caroline and George Chege Gitao
...linical history from owners. Sero-prevallance determination that involved the blood collection from the jugular and screening serum for attendance of Brucella antibodies using Rose Bengal Plate Test (RBPT), serum agglutination test, competitive- enzyme linked immune sorbent assay and double agar gel immunodiffusion test. The selected camels were followed into the slaughterhouse and pathological changes were identified grossly and microscopically based on alter...
MARIUM ASLAM, MUHAMMAD JAVED, FAIZA AMBREEN* & FARIHA LATIF
...xidant enzymes are the first line of defense against reactive oxygen species (ROS) and other free radicals. When the rate of ROS exceeds the capacity of antioxidant enzymes, non-detoxified radicals begin to attack the bio-molecules. Therefore, present research work was planned to study the effect of zinc on the peroxidase activity in the liver and kidney of Catla catla. To check the concentration based effect, C. catla were exposed, separately, to 96-hr LC50 o...
ASIMA BANO1, HAFIZ MUHAMMAD TAHIR*2, AROOSA RASHEED3, MUHAMMAD ARSHAD4, SHAFAAT YAR KHAN1 & RABIA YAQOOB5
...breast cancer, risk factors, diagnosis
...
JAVERIA NEHAL1, ARIF MUHAMMAD KHAN1, AZHAR ABBAS KHAN*2, MUHAMMAD MUBIN3, HAFIZ MUHAMMAD TAHIR4 & JAVED IQBAL5
...as been used for many years in different countries. Citrus orchards in Sargodha region were surveyed and leaf samples showing typical symptoms of citrus canker were collected. Infected section of leaf was taken for isolation of bacteria. Lesions were cut into parts and streak bacteria by the help of inoculation loop grown in nutrient medium. Pure bacterial culture of Xanthomonas axonopodis were used for detection by standard PCR. Xanthomonas axonopodis was dia...
ASMA ABDUL LATIF*1, SAMREEN MUSHTAQ1, SABIHA FAZAL1, MUHAMMAD MANSHA2, & ATIF YAQUB3
... on associated risk factors of infection. From these samples, 86 were randomly selected to be evaluated for the presence of IgG immunoglobulin by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The overall seroprevalence of T. gondii in pregnant women was found 22% being IgG positive. The infection rate of T. gondii was observed higher (29%) in older age group (29-39 years) as compared to (18%) in younger age group (...
TASNEEM IKRAM, FOUZIA SAFDAR, MUHAMMAD ADEEB BABAR, MUHAMMAD ASIM, KHALID MAHMOOD* & MUHAMMAD AKBAR KHAN
...ls comprise isolated molars and premolars. The studied dental material was identified based on the morphological and metrical characters and assigned to Pachyportax latidens.
Key Words: Palaeontology, Taxonomy, Siwalik, Mammalia, Dhok Pathan Formation.
...
MUHAMMAD EJAZ*1, MUHAMMAD JAMIL YOUSAF5, ASMA MAQBOOL3, ALTAF HUSSAIN4 & ABDUL QAYYUM KHAN SULEHRIA2
...n: justify;">Species diversity and community assemblage of planktonic rotifers were determined with respect to seasonal variations in a pond of Pipnakha village, Gujranwala. Sampling was executed on monthly basis at three sites of the pond from October, 2011 to September, 2012. Altogether, 74 rotifers belonging to 24 genera and 13 families were identified. Highest (128.7±40 ind/ml) ...
MUHAMMAD ASHFAQ*1, QURAT-UL-AIN ASGHAR1, RAHILA HAFEEZ1, AMNA ALI1, MUHAMMAD SALEEM HAIDER1, MUHAMMAD ALI1, MUHAMMAD BILAL CHATTHA1 ABDUL RASHEED1 & MUHAMMAD SAJJAD2
...lora, blotter paper, diversity
...
TAHIR MEHMOOD*, ANUM AFZAL, ABDUL KARIM, MUHAMMAD ASHRAF SHAHEEN &
HINA ARSHAD
... peels all these indicators ranged from 10.53-47.88 mg/g CE, 37.99-81.40%, 42.96-95.93% and 0.07-1.47 mg /mL respectively. Lemon peel extracts exhibited good antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilus, Staphylococcus aureus and Salmonella typhimurium. Overall ripened lemon peel extracts showed higher antioxidant activity than unripe peels. The data presented in present study is an important factor to select ripened lemon peels as high p...
Subramaniyam Suresh, Saravanakumar Marimuthu*, Prashanth D’Souza
... and biochemical parameters. A total of 35 (15 nos. – control group and 20 nos. – PTF group) early lactating dairy cows weighing average of 450 kg were randomly distributed to two groups viz G1 (control) and G2 (supplemented with PTF) based on average milk yield. The freshly prepared mixture of PTF (40 g/cow/day) in concentrate feed and water was fed to the dairy cows for four consecutive weeks. The effectiveness of PTF was evaluated by assessing t...
Chun Ik Lim, Hyeon Kwon Kim, Kang Nyeong Heo, Are Sun You, Hyo Jun Choo*
...lood biochemical parameters of layer breeders. A total of 360 layer breeders (312 females and 48 males) were randomly divided into four dietary groups: 1) CON, basal diet; 2) FGP0.5, basal diet with fermented garlic powder at 0.5 g/kg; 3) FGP1.0, basal diet with fermented garlic powder at 1.0 g/kg, and 4) FGP2.0, basal diet with fermented garlic powder at 2.0 g/kg. FGP addition had no sign...
Nguyen Thi Kim Dong1*, Nguyen Van Thu2 , Nguyen Hoang Qui3
...experimental unit. The first factor was the digestion technique (ileal and total tract digestibility) and the second factor was the diets. Four diets included a basal diet (SBP0), which consisted of fish meal 20% (FM), broken rice 80% (BR) and the other three diets, in which the content of FM was 25.0, 50.0 and 100% of the FM level in the basal diet and was replaced by ensiled shrimp by-products corresponding the SBP1, SBP2 and SBP3 diet, respectively. Daily ...
MUHAMMAD MUNEEB SOHAIL1, FATIMA AMEER2, GUR CHARN SINGH2, MUHAMMAD ZAID1*
...s anthropometric parameters. In this cross-sectional type of study, the participants (n=53) were recruited for the study. Participants were given one-day free health camps and they were anthropometrically measured. Plasma lipid fractions were accordingly determined. Participants suffering from bacterial/viral infection, hemophilia, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, or anemia were excluded from this study. Statistically significant and no...
SAFDAR ALI KHAN1, FARHEEN ANSARI1, SANWAL ASLAM2*, AMJAD HUSSAIN3, MUREED HUSSAIN1, MAJID MAHMOOD4, ALI MUHAMMAD4, RAHMAT ALI1 , ASAD ASLAM3 AND FATIMA ALI1
....9% was recorded in growers, followed by adults (67.9%) and chicks (27.8%). This could be attributed to the existing maternal immunity in the chicks and the longer exposure of the older chicken to both helminthes and ova from the surroundings. Female desi chicken (65.5%) was more infected as compared to male desi chicken (58.8%).
SADAF SARFRAZ1*, SAFDAR AMEER1, REENA AMBREEN1, SHOMAILA SIKANDAR 2, SHAISTA NAWAZ3 AND YASIR SALEEM3
...has urged the investigators and researchers to use and develop the antimicrobial agents derived from some natural resources. Among various naturally occurring medicinal plants, Cinnamaldehyde, owing to its acid generation, acid tolerance and virulence gene expression has gained a considerable attention. Keeping in view its beneficial aspects, the present study has been conducted to...
ASMAT MEHMOOD, ZAEEMA KHAN AND NAILA MALKANI*
...ies. Age and gender factors were analyzed in the data. For the given time, prevalence, incidence, and rate of age-standardized illness were determined. Data analysis indicated that oral cancer prevalence in Pakistan is increasing year after year, with the growth being particularly pronounced in the country's male population. From 2010 to 2016, the overall prevalence was 0.1 percent. The most common age of diagnosis for oral cancer was 45-65 yea
SAIMA AFTAB1, ATTIA HAMID1, MAHJBEEN2, JAVERIA TARIQ2, ZULQURNAIN ALI2, ASMA ZAFAR2*
...sed for the maximum conversion of sugar contents of apple extracts into ethanol. Different parameters like incubation time, temperature, pH and Inoculum size were optimized to get the maximum ethanol production that can be increased after further studies and proved to be a beneficial candidate for different applications. Maximum ethanol (13.9 %) was produced after inoculation was performed by S. cerevisiae (inoculum s...
SAIMA AFTAB1, ATTIA HAMID1, MAHJBEEN2, JAVERIA TARIQ2, ZULQURNAIN ALI2, ASMA ZAFAR2*
...sed for the maximum conversion of sugar contents of apple extracts into ethanol. Different parameters like incubation time, temperature, pH and Inoculum size were optimized to get the maximum ethanol production that can be increased after further studies and proved to be a beneficial candidate for different applications. Maximum ethanol (13.9 %) was produced after inoculation was performed by S. cerevisiae (inoculum s...
ANSA KHALID, UZMA HAMEED* AND IKRAM-UL-HAQ
...ucrose followed by 24 hours of incubation at 160 rpm in a shaking incubator. The bacterial isolate IIB-C9 was identified as Leuconostoc species based on biochemical characters.
ANSA KHALID, UZMA HAMEED* AND IKRAM-UL-HAQ
...ucrose followed by 24 hours of incubation at 160 rpm in a shaking incubator. The bacterial isolate IIB-C9 was identified as Leuconostoc species based on biochemical characters.
MUHAMMAD WAHEED MUSHTAQ1*, NAUMAN JAMIL KHAN1, NAVEED ASLAM DOGAR1, AISHA HAMEED2, ABDUL HAMEED2, MALIK ADIL2, HAROON IFTHIKHAR3 & SAIRA ISHAQ4
...ent conditions such as firstly, from fresh vegetables as available in market, secondly stored for 2 days at room temperature (25±2 ºC) and thirdly, stored in refrigerator (4 ºC) for 2 days. It was observed that vegetables stored at room temperature was significantly affected by loss of Vit. C as compared to refrigerated LVs. The average % age loss of ascorbic acid observed in refrigerated and room temperature stored vegetables was 34.18 % and ...
MONIS HUSSAIN SHAH1*, RIAZ UR REHMAN2, RIAZ ALI SHAH1, RIZWAN RAFIQUE3, MUHAMMAD USMAN4, SAJIDA BIBI5 AND SADIA YASEEN6
...active and wonderful colors. The gerbera is produced in all around the globe especially in South East Asian country of Japan and in Netherlands in Europe. The short vase life of gerbera is limiting factor in earning full profit from gerbera cut-flower sale. The standardization of suitable substrate for extending vase life of gerbera is not present. The gerbera was placed in substrates 6-Benzyleadenine, Silicic acid and Silver nitrate (20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 pp...
MUHAMMAD MUDASSAR SHAHZAD1*, FATIMA KHALID1, MEHWISH FAHEEM2, SYED ZAKIR HUSSAIN SHAH3, SANA BASHIR1 & SYED MUHAMMAD KHAN1
...ion of organic acids lowers the pH of fish gut that ultimately improves the hydrolysis of phytate, improves minerals absorption, upsurges the pace of gastric activities and augment digestion. The present study was designed to judge the effectiveness of Tau supplemented LMS (linseed meal) based diet in enhancing mineral absorption and nutrient digestibility in selected fish fingerlings. Graded levels of the prepared feed containing (0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 g/kg) ...
USMAN AHMAD*1, AMTUL JAMIL SAMI1, MADEEHA KARAMAT1, MADEEHA KHALID1, FAIZAN NAEEM2 & MUHAMMAD JAMIL YOUSAF3
...elease of insulin at diverse pH (5.4 and 7.5).
Arief1, Roni Pazla2*, Rizqan1, Novirman Jamarun2
...nbsp;...
Ahmed Abdel-Rady3*, Mohamed Karmi2, Menna_allah Youssef1, Aml M. Abdel-Ra’ouf1, Bahaaa Madkour1
...d on blood and lymph smears examinations showed that, the prevalence of Tropical Theileriosis in cattle in Aswan Governorate was 56 (21.13%). Giemsa stained blood smears showed presence of macro-schizont inside lymphocyte (Koch’s blue bodies), micro-schizonts inside lymphocyte, raptured schizont and intraerythrocytic stages of Theileria annulata piroplasms inside RBCs..Polymerase cha...
AZKA ASIF, HAREEM MOHSIN*, SADIA N CHAUDHRY, & WARDA FATIMA
...s used were known producers of biosurfactants but showed variable results for different tests. Four of five strains produced similar results for OST, TGS and emulsification assay. Drop collapse assay produced negative results when small amounts of biosurfactants were present. So it was concluded that a single primary screening test alone cannot identify an organism’s ability to produce biosurfactants and these tests sh...
SAIMA SHARIF*1, SHAGUFTA NAZ1, RIDA IRAM1, FARKHANDA MANZOOR1, TASNIM FARASAT1 and MUHAMMAD SAQIB2
...as done by using SPSS (version 13). Among the 500 subjects, according to haemoglobin level 130 subjects (26%) were normal whereas 370 (74%) were anaemic. It was found that 120 (24%) were mild anaemic, 151 subjects (30%) were moderate anaemic, and 99 subjects (20%) were severely anaemic. It has been concluded that the prevalence of anaemia was considerably high in children below the age of 12 years living in rural communities...
HIRA JAVAID*1, MALEEHA MANZOOR2, JAVED IQBAL QAZI3, XIONG XIAOCHAO4 & FOUZIA TABSSUM5
...e fatty acids methyl esters. Due to beneficial decomposition of bio-waste resources towards clear environments, oils from single cell microbes (yeasts) are gaining attention. Further cost reliance of these microbes to produce single cell oils (SCOs) could be reduced by using lignocellulosic waste (LCW) biomass produced in millions of metric tons annually all over the world covering 60% of annual crop produced. This review presents the yeasts SCO production fro...
Muhammad Ramzan1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah2, Shafia Saba2, Madiha Mobeen Khan3, Umair Faheem4, Asad-ur-Rehman3, Naeem Arshad Maan3 and Waseem Hassan5
...cus benjamina) for the first time from Pakistan in 2018. The immature stages of pest were found on these ornamental bushes, collected from the infested plants grown in lawns of Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan, Pakistan, and were brought to the lab for rearing and identification. After emergence of moths, specimens were killed and identified using available taxonomic keys under stereomicroscope. After...
Zubair Ali, Muhammad Sohail*, Yasir Ameen, Hamidullah, Ishtiaq Ahmed and Mehwish Malik
...y area due to which farmers were complaining about reproductive issues of their animals. Therefore, this study was conducted for assessment of reproductive health of cow genital tract using real time B mode Ultrasonography in order to improve the economics of the farmer through decreasing calving interval and improvement of fertility and conception rate. Out of total cows (n=261) observed, 79% of the cows were found positive for various reproductive disorde
Jameel Ahmed1,2*, Mohammad Masood Tariq1, Nadeem Rashid1, Asim Faraz3*,
Majed Rafeeq1, Irfan Shehzad Sheikh1, Mudassar Jahan1,2, Abdul Fatih1,2,
Masroor Ahmad Bajwa1, Ifrah Jameel1, Muhammad Ali1 and Saira Iftikhar4
...ing ovine molecular markers where fifteen sheep SSR genetic markers were employed for describing multiple-allelomorphism. The average observed number of alleles (Na), effective number of alleles (Ne) and Shannon’s Information Index were 2.07 ± 0.79, 1.86 ± 0.69 and 0.54 ± 0.29, respectively. Heterozygosity was described by the average, observed and expected heter...
Jian-Cheng Zhai1,2, Sheng-Nan Wang1,3, Qiang-Hui Wang1, Yan-Ling Xia1, Wei-Shi Liu1, Ya-Jie Yin4 and He-Ping Li1*
... in both sexes grow antlers. Many apparent differences exist in antlers of female and male reindeer and sika deer. Insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF1), Keratinocyte growth factor (KGF) and Nerve Growth Factor (NGF) are essential for antler growth. To investigate whether epigenetic regulation of the growth factors is important in growth of sika deer, female and male reindeer antle
Amber Khalid1*, Amjad Rashid Kayani1, Muhammad Sajid Nadeem1, Muhammad Mushtaq1, Mirza Azhar Beg1 and Surrya Khanam2
...in small proportions. Pearson chi-square was used to calculate the significance difference among every food item and among seasons. Significant difference (p<0.05) was observed among consumption of different food items and among different seasons. Non- significant difference (p>0.05) was calculated between consumption of different food items in male and female rats. It is concluded that Indian gerbil damaged the cash crops of Pothwar. Therefore, preventi...
Chenchen Liu1,2, Tong Wang1, Muhammad Khan3*, Xiaolin Cui2 and Yongming Li1,2*
...t a series of human cancers through multiple mechanism. However, the anticancer effects of ALT against ovarian cancer remains unknown. Here, we report that ALT inhibits growth and induces apoptosis in parental and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancer cells. Growth inhibitory effects of ALT are evident from CCK-8, Edu, and colonogenic assays. The molecular mechanism associated with induction of apoptosis includes ROS generation, G2/M phase arrest and inhibition o...
Hemayet Hossain1, Md. Masud Parvej1*, Khadiza Akter Brishty3, Muhammad Ali4, Junayed Ahmed4, Asibul Hasan4, Rubel Miah4, Md. Piplu Mia4, Saad Muhammad Rafe-Ush-Shan4, Md. Nazmul Alam4 and Md. Zahidul Islam Khan2
...ious diseases and disorders (IND) in ruminants throughout the year 2021 in Bangladesh. A total of 755 selected clinical cases were recorded, of which 450 were cattle and 305 were goats, respectively. The selected clinical cases were diagnosed through anamnesis, physical examination, clinical signs, gross pathology or postmortem examination, and clinical examination using common laboratory techniques. A total of 28 infectious and non-infectious diseases and dis...
Ayesha Ahsan1, Rabia Arif2*, Samina Nazir1, Muhammad Saleem2 and Memunna G. Shahid1
...rent PTMs predictor servers. Phosphorylation and glycosylation in different species of Sordaria as well as N. crassa was calculated on Serine (S), Tyrosine (Y) and Threonine (T) residues by NetPhos and YinOYang....
Ahmed Ali Chandio1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1*, Nazar Ali Korejo2, Riaz Ahmed Leghari3 and Muhammad Ali Chandio4
...tary P. pinnata in broilers. Day old broiler chicks (n=125) were purchased from local hatchery and equally divided into the five groups, i.e., C (control) that offered basal diet, while, T1, T2, T3 and T4 groups were supplemented 0.5, 1, 1.5 and 2% P. pinnata leaf powder (PPLP) in basal diet respectively. The experimental groups were observed for the performance parameters, antibody titer against Newcastle disease virus (NDV...
Jianli Xiong1,2,*, Hongtao Ren2, Guanglu Li2, Xiaochan Gao2, Yong Huang2 and Shiyang Gao2
...erum biochemical parameters, and antioxidant capacity of growing swan geese (Anser cygnoid). 240 four-week-old healthy swan geese were randomly divided into five groups (n = 48 each). Each group was subdivided into six replicates, with eight geese per replicate. Geese received basal diets, supplemented with either 0 (control), 10, 20, 40, or 80 IU/kg VE. All geese were treated for 12 weeks. The results showed that VE supplementation had no significant effect o...
Syeda Fakhra Waheed1, Asim Aslam1*, Muti-ur-Rehman Khan1, Kamran Ashraf2 and Beenish Zahid3
...: justify;">In recent years, the re-emergence of virulent strains of infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) has resulted in substantial economic losses in Pakistan despite mass and intense vaccination regimens. Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is one of the most important immunosuppressive diseases of the poultry and has been a constraint on sustainable food security around the globe, inclu...
Gulzhan Kalenovna Mussayeva1*, Alikhan Meldebekovich Meldebekov2, Nurgul Alikhanovna Meldebekova2, Gulshat Imanzhankyzy Shaykamal1, Batyrkhan Azimkhanovich Buralkhiyev2, Nurkuisa Mirzabekovich Rametov3 and Kanat Zhumanov4
...e characteristic of cows’ dairy productivity in the context of three lines: Reflection Sovereign and Wis Burke Ideal and Osborndale Ivanhoe in the conditions of the breeding farm of Kostanay region. Studies on lactating cows have shown that cows of the Wis Burke Ideal line have an advantage in milk productivity. Furthermore, that the highest productivity was noted in cows of the Wis Burke Ideal line – 14793.02, which is 3894.44 and 3523.52 kg highe...
Dalia Mansour Hamed1, Mohsen Zaky El Dimerdash1, Ahmed Abdelatif Ali2, Samer Adel Abd El-Gaffar3, Mona Salim Abdallah1*
... are common during the first two months of life and considered the main reason of losses. However, research on the causes and rates of mortality according to nursing programs is limited. This study aimed to highlight the bacterial and behavioral causes of mortalities among young rabbits and control such problems. A survey on 167 specimens collected from diseased and freshly dead young rabbits in some Egyptian provinces was c...
Ovirup Bhushan Paul1, Shodipta Sharma Urmi2, Md. Ashraf Ali Biswas3*
... one of the driving factors of increasing global greenhouse gases. The current study aimed to assess the effects of total mixed ration (TMR) and fermented TMR (FTMR) feed on digestibility, total gas production and pH of ruminants. Novel feeding techniques were implemented that combined fermentation to improve digestibility with locally accessible feed supplies using a completely randomized design. TMR feed was produced with 70% roughage of silage & rice st...
Nazish Huma Khan1*, Muhammad Sufyan Khan1, Tooba Saeed2, Mohammad Ilyas3 and Hazrat Husaain4
...jor disruption in people’s lives. Various steps are being taken by countries to prevent the spread of COVID-19 disease. This review article aims to investigate about each likely impact of the COVID-19 outbreak in Pakistan. According to the results, agriculture loss in GDP from 2019-2020 is 0.22%, Pakistan’s exports decreased by 54.19%, while imports decreased by 34.49%, industries manufacturing reduced up to 40%....
Yuhua Chen1 and Song Lu2*
...of pro-inflammatory factors IL-10, IL-6 and 1L-1β of the mice was analyzed by RT-PCR. The numbers of CD8 + T cells and CD4 + T cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. The protein expression of PD-1 and CD39 of the mice was analyzed by Western blot. The metabolic rate of CD8 + T was analyzed by fluorescent nutrient stain. Results showed that the mRNA of IL-10, IL-6 and 1L-1β in the electric stimulation group decrease...
Usman Ali1,2*, Basharat Ahmad1, Riaz Aziz Minhas1, Muhammad Kabir3, Muhammad Siddique Awan1, Liaqat Ali Khan1 and Muhammad Bashir Khan1
...t of Asiatic black bear Ursus thibetanus requires the identification and in-depth knowledge of suitable habitats. Habitat suitability models (HSMs) have wide use in the understanding of niche requirements, hence prioritizing management and conservation issues for threatened species. This study aimed to identify the current range and suitable habitat of black bear in Azad Jammu and Kashmir (AJ&K) using the maximum entropy...
Lei Jiang, Yi Huang, Runfeng Yang, Xiaohui Jiang* and Hao Yan
...erexpression of PAX2 reversed the enhanced cisplatin sensitivity of knockdown circ_0009910 on SKOV3/DDP cells. It is concluded that circ_0009910 enhanced cisplatin sensitivity of ovarian cancer cells SKOV3/DDP by regulating miR-455-5p /PAX2 axis....
Zhe Lin1, Yumo Li1, Yuchen Wang1, Yuechen Li1, Ke Pei1, Guangfu Lv2, He Lin1* and Zhun Yu3*
...monoamine neurotransmitters and phosphorylation of p38 which closely related to anti-stress were examined. The results showed that, 203 potential OR targets and 126 stress-related gene targets were obtained, in which there were 15 common targets. Pathway enrichment analysis showed that there were 20 critical pathways. The results revealed that OR could increase the total swimming time, increase the survival time of enduring anoxia, and regulate monoamine neuro...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Ziaul Islam2, Assar Ali Shah3 and Saad Ullah1
... and egg quality parameters during different phases were not affected among the treatment groups. Total revenue and profit during all phases (phases 1, 2, and 3) while cost-benefit ratio during phase-1 and 2 were recorded significantly higher for the control group than all other treatment groups.It is concluded that the effect of different levels of soy hulls in diet did not affect egg weight and egg quality parameters durin...
Ghulam Mustafa Solangi4, Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani1*, Mansoor Tariq1, Zubair Ahmed Leghari2, Asghar Ali Kamboh3, Barirah Rehman Talpur1
...in goats older than 2 years of age (23.7%) than the goats 1-2 years of age (10.0%) and was lowest in goats younger than 1 year of age (8.0%). Breed-wise results showed higher (p<0.001) seroprevalence of CCPP in Tapri goat breed (30.0%) than the Teddy (24.0%) and Pateri (11.0%) while it was lowest in Kamori goat breed (7.0%). These results concluded that CCPP is prevalent in the study area thus proper control strategies sh...
Tinda Afriani*, Jaswandi, Adisti Rastosari, Muhammad Cadilac Al Razzak, Dwiki Wahyudi
...e stored at 5oC for 4 hours. The observed variables included spermatozoa motility, spermatozoa survival, spermatozoa abnormalities and intact plasma membranes of spermatozoa. The obtained data was analyzed using the Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). The results showed that the addition of tomato juice extract into egg yolk citrate diluent exhibited a 20% increase in sperm motility percentage, 26.3% in sperm survival rate and 22.5% in intact plasma membrane percent...
Doaa H. Assar1, Rasha A. Al-Wakeel2, Zizy I. Elbialy3, Mahmoud M. El-Maghraby4, Helmy K. Zaghlool5, Adel A. El-Badawy4, Abdel-Khalek E. Abdel-Khalek6*
...mato-biochemical parameters, antioxidant status, and semen quality of cross-bred lambs (½ Finnish × ½ Ossime). Twenty-four lambs aged 10 months with 32.93±0.48 kg LBW were distributed into three groups (8/group). Lambs in G1 (controls) were fed a basal diet without treatment. In G2 and G3, the daily diet was supplied with 1 and 5 g SPL /kg from 10 to 15 months of age. Dietary SPL supplementation significantly increased body weight, c...
Riko Noviadi, Dwi Desmiyeni Putri, Gusma Gama Maradon*, Agung Adi Candra, Nani Irwani, Gadis Apriani, Made Guntur Candra Adinata, I Made Krisnanda
...on consisting of 5 broilers. We designed four treatments, P1 = Sundried for 2 days + grinding, P2 = Oven dried at 50°C for 7 h + grinding, P3 = Roasting at 100 °C for 15 min + grinding, and P4 = Water scalding at 96 °C for 1 min + grinding. The processing techniques can provide a comparison of price differences in each treatment and can reduce production costs with the application of as much as 11.25% in broiler rations. The oven-drying (P2) can im...
Yusmarini Yusuf*, Usman Pato*, Shanti Fitriani, Emma Riftyan, Evy Rossi, Diky Arma Fauzi, Ghina Ismadiah, Miftahul Hidayah, Windy Sabiliani
...f fishballs during the first 30 days of frozen storage. Even though the chemical and sensory parameters of fish meatballs without preservatives that were kept at freezing temperatures showed the count of microorganisms that had exceeded the quality standard on the early 30th day, they were still comparable to those preserved with nitrite, chitosan, and bacteriocin preservatives. Based on sensory evaluation, the fishballs for...
Doungnapa Promket1,2,4*, Khanitta Pengmeesri2,4, Jennarong Kammongkun3, Thassawan Somchan2
...ping using specific primers and restriction enzymes for each gene, and polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to identify the genotypes (PCR-RFLP). Three genotypes were found for each gene as BB, Bb and bb for NPY; TT, TC and CC for DRD2 and II, ID and DD for VIP. Genotype frequencies of NPY (range 0.13-0.58), DRD2 (range 0.06-0.55) and VIP (range 0.14-0.57) were reported. For the NPY gene, allele frequency of b (0.72) was ...
Hanaa M. Abdelkhalek1, Hanan E. Nagib1, Randa S. Elias1, Saad S. Mansour1, Walid S. Mousa2*
...ved in veterinary disorders including clinical mastitis in buffaloes. This study aimed to investigate the antibiogram pattern and synergistic effect of amikacin and norfloxacin against resistant P. aeruginosa isolates from mastitis origin. In addition, detection of some virulence and antibiotics resistance genes. Two hundred buffaloes were examined and sixty mastitis milk samples were collected from clinical cases from the period from October 2021 until March ...
Zulaikha Zainool Abidin1, Fahim Hafiy Idris2, Suriya Kumari Ramiah1, Elmutaz Atta Awad1, Zunita Zakaria3,4, Zulkifli Idrus1,2*
...from the study. Eight hours of feed withdrawal increased the population of Lactobacilli significantly but had a negligible effect on E. coli and Clostridium spp. counts. Prolonged duration of road transportation and lairage increased caecal counts of E coli. Birds road transported for 8 h had a higher caecal population of Clostridium spp. but lairage duration had no significance on the bacteria. In conclusion, the present findings strengthen the notion that mi...
Fathin Faahimaah Abdul Hamid1, Mohd Farhan Hanif Reduan1*, Jasni Sabri1 , Faez Firdaus Jesse Abdullah2,Mohammed Naji Odhah1, Nur Athirah Binti Abdul Manaf1, Mohd Jefri Norsidin2 , Siti Nor Che Yahya1, Intan Noor Aina Kamaruzaman1, Nur Zul Izzati Mohd Rajdi1
... were collected at 24 hours, days 5, 7, 9, 11, 14, 21, and 28 post-inoculation for the clinical pathology evaluation through complete blood count and serum biochemistry evaluation. Results showed that post-infection resulted mild fluctuation of the red blood cell parameters in the goats with a decrease in the total white blood cell count (p<0.05). The serum biochemistry shows the total protein, albumin and globulin are wi...
Omnia M. Khattab1, Morcos I. Yanni2, Hala K. Abdelmegeed2, Mahmoud Eliwa1, Naglaa M. Hagag1, Sara M. Elnomrosy1
...ould imply that FPV appears to be in genomic stasis as compared to other Parvoviruses. Genomic stasis appears among the three Egyptian samples in this study under the GenBank accession number OP594200, OP574201, and OP574202, in addition to the high similarity of the isolates the vaccine strains of EU498680 and EU498681.No amino acid substitution was detected.
Keywords | Feline Pan-leucopenia, ...
Safaa Rhaimi1, Sara Brikat2, Mouloud Lamtai2*, Mohammed Ouhssine1
...: justify;">In recent years, Salvia officinalis has been a subject of intensive studies to document its traditional use and to find new biological effects. Numerous studies have been carried out in this contest and most of them were interested in Salvia officinalis extract’ effects and not many explored the biological activities of Salvia officinalis essential oil, especially the ones related to the central nervous sys...
Siti Fairus Mohamed Yusoff1, Annie Christianus1*, Yuzine Esa1, Muhammad Fadhil Syukri Ismail1, Bashiru Garba2, Nik Siti Zaimah Safiin3, Nur Hamid Hidayahanum4
...omparison to its parents’ species in terms of proximate compositions, fatty acid, and amino acid profiles. The results revealed that the biochemical composition of hybrid PH×PN was comparable with either one of its parents’ species. The crude lipid and total saturated fatty acids (SFAs) were significantly higher in hybrid PH×PN and P. hypophthalmus. Also, crude protein and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-...
Heavy metals (HMs) are harmful and lethal at negligible levels and non-biodegradable in the typical ecosystem and constitutes animal, human and environmental hazards. They are divided into toxic metals like Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic, etc. and essential elements like copper, zinc, manganese, iron, nickel and chromium. Additionally, could be categorized into two groups based on the natural and anthropogenic sources releasing origins. Population and industrial expansion led to food contamination with HMs. Poisonous metals can be transferred from irrigation water to agricultural soils, agricultural operations, air pollution, animal feed, and packaging materials. Toxic metals are non-biodegradable, non-thermos degradable, and exceedingly stable in the ecosystem; as a result, they quickly build in various foods. Metal pollution of many foods, including agricultural commodities, and animal protein sources such as fish, milk, meat, and eggs, poses a hazard to food safety and security. Toxic metal pollution of irrigation water, agricultural soils, plants, and animals result in their integration into the food chain, posing a health hazard to humans. Most metals are harmful to animals and humans and accumulate in several organs like the skeleton, hepatic tissue, spleen, and renal tissues. Metals have a deleterious impact on the production of plants and animals. As a result, several remediation strategies have become necessary to limit the hazardous HMs pathway into the food chain and the human body. Metal nanoparticles are employed in beneficial applications, although they are associated with specific hazards.
Keywords | Food contamination, Heavy metals, Nanoparticles, Pollution sources, Remedy, Soil contamination
...als like Lead, Cadmium, Arsenic, etc. and essential elements like copper, zinc, manganese, iron, nickel and chromium. Additionally, could be categorized into two groups based on the natural and anthropogenic sources releasing origins. Population and industrial expansion led to food contamination with HMs. Poisonous metals can be transferred from irrigation water to agricultural soils, agricultural operations, air pollution, animal feed, and packaging materials...
Imran Khan1*, Shahid Amin2, Safiullah3, Shah Zeb Khan3, Abidullah3, Amjad Ali3, Saghir Imdad Hassan3 and Israr Ud Din3
...thick and thin blood smears techniques as per method described by (Adam et al. 1971). A higher infection rate was found in females (6.67%) as compared to males (4.67%). Highest (9.00%) infection was noted in camels above 4 years of age group followed by (5.00%) in camel under 2 years age group while lowest (3.00%) in 3-4 years age group camels. It was co...
Riaz Muhammad1*, Aamer Sharif2 and Muftooh ur Rehman Siddiqi³
... the performance parameters such as vortex formation, vortex height and rotational speed. In addition to that, the influence of vortex formation, vortex height and vortex shape on rotational speed is also investigated. A two input factors, i.e. water head and flow rate, and each having five-level has been selected in a present study. The results showed that at median head 0.70 m and flow rate 0.004 m³/s, the maximum rot...
Anhar Ibrahim Elhanafy*, Amr Mohamed Mousa, Amaal Mohamed Kamal
... lipoprotein, and vice versa regarding the high-density lipoprotein concentration was observed, compared to control. Moreover, BV caused a decrement in malondialdehyde and nitric oxide levels whilst it enhanced GPx activity, SOD, IgG and IgM, compared to control. Furthermore, BV treated does have significantly higher levels of C3 and C4. Conversely when compared to control, significant reduction in IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-&...
Khitam J. Yahya*, Mohammed T. S. Al-Zubaidi
... gastrointestinal disorders in various hosts worldwide. The current study was undertaken to study the biology of Cryptosporidium meleagridis and examine the anti-Cryptosporidial efficacy of curcumin in experimentally infected quails compared with that of paromomycin. This study carries out from September 2022 to January 2023 in Baghdad city, Iraq. Oocysts were isolated from naturally infected quails identified as Cryptosporidium meleagridis and used as a strai...
Oussama Zghari*, Mouloud Lamtai, Sofia Azirar, Mohamed Yassine El-Brouzi, Hajar Benmhammed, Aboubaker El-Hessni, Ali Ouichou, Abdelhalem Mesfioui
...dative stress (OS). Conversely, melatonin (MEL) has been considered as an antidepressant, anxiolytic substance and protects neurons from OS. The present study was designed to evaluate the neuroprotection effect of MEL against Al neurotoxicity and OS in male Wistar rats. Rats received an intraperitoneal and/or a single intrahippocampal injection of NaCl, MEL or AlCl3. Before two weeks of intrahippocampal surgery period, MEL (4 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injec...
I Nyoman Sulabda1, Anak Agung Gde Oka Dharmayudha2, I Wayan Nico Fajar Gunawan3, Dwi Fortuna Hashilonda4, Luh Gde Setyawati5, I Ketut Puja6*
...e breed, it takes ten years to improve its quality and population size. If this was not achieved, the Kintamani dog was removed from the breed category. Therefore, efforts must be made in the future to increase the population and genetic quality of Kintamani dogs. This study aimed to provide frozen semen of Kintamani dogs for rapid improvement of the quality and population of Kintamani dogs with the specific target of evaluating the fertilization capacity of f...
Soedarmanto Indarjulianto1*, Alfarisa Nururrozi1, Yanuartono1, Sitarina Widyarini2, Dhasia Ramandani3
...eeded to identify mimickers like Cryptococcus spp. which in this case had initially presented as bilateral submandibular lymphadenopathy. The proper diagnosis and early treatment were needed to increase the chances of successful therapy....
Imran Muhammad Siddique1, Naseem Sharif1*, Abdul Ghaffar2, Mudassar Naseer1, Ammara Noreen3, Naseem Akhtar4 and Safeer ud Din5
... of high quality characters through vegetative method of propagation thereby avoiding inevitable heterozygosity and polyembyonic nature of citrus fruits....
Lubna Anjum Minhas, Abdul Samad Mumtaz*, Muhammad Kaleem, Rooma Waqar and Jamila Annum
...es from ecologically diverse habitats of Tehsil Gujar Khan, District Rawalpindi. A microscopic image data was used to identify algal species. A total of 30 species were recorded that belonged to 4 orders, 11 families, and 14 genera. Clamydomonas reinardtii, Acutodesmus obliquus and Cosmarium isthmocondrum are new record from Pakistan. Among identified taxa, Scenedesmus was the dominant genus with 8 species and their contribu...
Faradji Khalil1*, Slimani Noureddine2 and Senoussi Abdelhakim3
...of pastures, sheep breeders resorted to adopting pastoral agriculture to meet the needs of their livestock as a result of the deterioration of pastures, in addition to determining the patterns of livestock breeding in the Ain Ben Khelile region, Nâama Province (western Algeria). From a natural area characterised by a stepic environment in the region of Ain Ben Khelile wilaya of Nâama West of Algeria, A 02 year&rs...
Muhammad Arabi Awan1, Hafiz Husnain Nawaz2*, Naeem Akhtar2 and Azmat Ali Awan3
...y found that after 24 hours, the population of olive psyllids decreased the most in treatment T3, followed by T1 and T2, respectively. After 48 hours, each treatment, except for the control, exhibited a similar pattern of population reduction. Treatment T3 resulted in the most significant decrease in the psyllid population compared to the other treatments. The mean olive psyllid population on a 10 cm branch in plants treated...
Riaz Hussain1*, Ata-ul-Mohsin1, M. Farooq Nasir1, Zahid Akram2, Muhammad Sajid Qureshi1 and Abdul Mannan Hamzah1
...eties on fitness parameters (i.e. percent parasitism, offspring sex ratio and developmental periods) of Diadegma insulare, a larval parasitoid of Plutella xylostella. All experiments were carried out under controlled conditions maintained at 23±2 ºC, 60±5% RH and 16L: 8D photoperiod. The findings revealed that developmental period was lower on Asha while higher on Golden acre whenever both second and third instars
Siti Azizah1*, Salsa I Latifah1, Irfan H Djunaidi1, Anif M Wati1, Achadiah Rachmawati1, Siti Hamidah2
...er households cause farmers to try various ways to meet their family’s needs. One way is to involve family members, especially wives, in economic activities. We conduct this research as a prior study about women’s inclusion in forest-dependent communities that highlight women’s productivity and the co...
Ijaz Haider1,2*, Muhammad Riaz2, Sikandar Ali2, Qurban Ali1, Ali Noman3, Dilbar Hussain1, Imran Nadeem1, Muhammad Faheem Akhtar1, Aqsa Abbas1, Asad Aslam1, Hafiz Saad Bin Mustafa2, Ejaz Ul Hassan2, Muhammad Zubair2, Muhammad Saleem1 and Muhammad Kamil Malik1
...is affected by many factors but insect pests especially whitefly Bemisia tabaci (Homoptera: Aleyrodidae) is destroying cotton crop yield and quality in recent times. Many control measures are adopted against this pest including chemical control methods. Due to certain environmental issues and insecticide resistance problems, adoption of alternate methods of insect control is imperative. In this experiment we used some insecticides alone and in combination with...
Rashid Khan1, Muhammad Sajid2, Saud Khan3*, Jehanzeb4 and Aslam Noor5
...ifferent quality parameters at 0 and 25 days storage. The harvesting stages (HS), perforated plastics (PP), storage duration (SD) as well as HS×SD and PP×SD significantly influenced various quality attributes of apricot fruits. The fruits harvested at the greenish stage had the lowest physiological weight loss and decay index that shows an increase in fruits harvested at orange yellow stage respectively after 25 days of storage. Similarly, after 25...
Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Muhammad Asif1, Amjed Ali1, Ahsan Aziz1, Naeem Akhtar2, Muhammad Shahid Gulrez1 and Waqas Raza3*
...nc application on canola’s (Brassica juncea) growth, quality and yield, a field trial was performed at research farm, Agriculture College, University of Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan during winter season 2020-21. Treatments comprised of three B (0, 1, and 2 kg ha-1) and three Zn (0, 8, and 10 kg ha-1) levels and their all-possible combinations as their basal application to soil as boric acid and ZnSO4 fertilize
Dian Septinova*, Hananda Sofia, Nari Ratih, Armelia Rizqika, Riyanti, Veronica Wanniatie, Madi Hartono
...ays (S2) as nesting factors. The results showed that marinating (40 and 80 minutes) of broiler breast meat with FWC had a significant effect on reducing pH, total meat bacteria, and raw meat color, but not on water holding capacity (WHC), cooking loss, organoleptic (raw meat odor, color, odor, and the taste of cooked meat). Storage time at cold temperatures (5oC) for 7 and 14 days affected the decrease in cooking loss, total bacteria, but not pH, and WHC of co...
Hasanain Jihad Neamah
...>...
Shaimaa M. Ahmed1, Gehan M.A. Kassem1*, Fernando Pérez-Rodríguez2, Heba H.S. Abdel-Naeem1
...deepen into the pathogen’s response to different food environments and conditions. This study was conducted to quantify the growth behavior of S. aureus in Tryptone Soya Broth (TSB) using turbidity and plate count methods as well as monitoring and modelling its potential growth in chicken breast and thigh meats at room temperature (25 °C) and refrigeration temperature (4 °C). The calibration curve showed a linear relationship between the turbidit...
Abubakar Sadiq Muhammad1,2, Latiffah Hassan1, Saleha Abdul Aziz1, Zunita Zakaria1, Hassan Ismail Musa1, 2*, Maswati Mat Amin3
...er) physicochemical factors. Physicochemical properties such as soil water content and water pH might have influenced the distribution of certain genotypes of B. pseudomallei in the endemic areas. This information could be useful for planning control programs tailored toward environmental interventions to reduce contamination in non-endemic areas. ...
Ahmed E.A. Mahgoob1, Wafaa M.A. El-Nagdi2, Mahmoud M.A. Youssef2*, Entesar H. Taha1, Mona M.S. Zayed3, Hassan Abd- El-Khair4 and Nora R.A. Saleh2
...riod (24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs) compared to untreated control. As for the percentages of the second stage juveniles mortality increased with increasing the concentrations and exposure periods. Generally, the highest egg hatching inhibition and juvenile mortality occurred after 96 and 72hrs exposure to the suspensions of the tested isolates of P. fluorescens depending upon their concentrations and exposure periods, respectively....
Mostafa Mohamed Attia Hammam, Moawad Mohamed Mohamed Mohamed* and Mahfouz Mohamed Mostafa Abd-Elgawad
...ds as Egypt is the world’s largest importer of faba bean. Using gain thresholds, the study compares costs of a biological versus a chemical nematicide for M. arenaria control on faba bean. Meloidogyne arenaria was not detected at pre-planting soil samples of two consecutive field seasons. However, the potential of field weeds as hosts/reservoirs for M. arenaria to transfer from weeds...
41th PAKISTAN CONGRESS OF ZOOLOGY (INTERNATIONAL) March 16-18, 2023, INSTITUTE OF ZOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF THE PUNJAB, LAHORE Pakistan
Usama Saleem1, Muhammad Asrar1*, Dilbar Hussain2, Saddam Hussain1, Abdul Ghaffar2, Hassan Usman1, Muhammad Imran1, Mubshar Saleem3 and Maryam Hamid1
...d 24, 48, 72, and 168 hours after the application of plant extracts and insecticides. Maximum mortality recorded after 168 hours was, 85.06% and 79.29% by Neem and Eucalyptus leaf extract followed by 72 hours 72.29% and 71.69%, 48 hours 63.35% and 62.45% and 24 hours 48.91% and 48.68% respectively. Among the botanical ...
Muhammad Ahsan Riaz1, Ayesha Riaz2, Muhammad Asif Mahmood3, Muhammad Uzair Mukhtar3*, Zaib Un Nisa1, Beenish Ijaz4 and Muhammad Shahid Rasool5
...iotic environmental factors that can influence biological and physiological processes, including mobility, development, and reproduction in poikilotherms. Due to the medical importance of Aedes aegypti as a vector of several medically important pathogens, evaluating the body length variation of Aedes aegypti larvae with the changing seasonal temperature is important. The study was conducted to observe the difference in body size and different body structures o...
Ahmad Jupri1*, Yuliana Vofi2, Faturrahman2, Immy Suci Rohyani1, Ernawati1, Bulkaini3, Djoko Kisworo3, Wardatul Jannah4
...acteria, viruses and others during storage and distribution. This study aims to analyze the quality and microbiological feasibility of drinking water sourced from Joben Springs, Montong Gading, East Lombok. The research was carried out in May-June 2021. The research method used was purposive sampling with sampling carried out at three points: the spring, the main reservoir, and the residents’ reservoir. The Coliform te...
Enas K. Abo El-Maged, Azza H. El-Salakwy, Safia A. El-Gamal and Gehn Allam
..."text-align: justify;">First trimester spontaneously aborted products of conception were obtained from 100 Egyptian women. Placental tissue specimens from 100 women of full term normal vaginal deliveries were used as a control group. Their age ranged from 17-42 years (mean = 29.31). The age at marriage lies between 16-36 years. All samples were tested for HPV-DNA by polymerase chain reacti...
A. A- E. Abo-Elkhier1, K. S. E. Abdel-Wahab2, M. A. Ali3, M. A-H. El-Sayed4, N.A-K. Saleh5 and A. A. Atef6
...d women between 17-36 years old and 120 women aged matched who had normal full-term pregnancy in labor were included in the present study. Maternal blood was tested for anti-HEV IgG and IgM antibody and the positive cases were tested for HEV Ag and HEV RNA. The fetal tissue from anti-HEV IgG and IgM positive aborted women and cord serum of infant of anti-HEV IgG and IgM positive full term delivered women were tested for REV Ag and HEV RNA. Among 120 aborted wo...
M. A. Abou El- Nasr1, Kh. A. Dougdoug1, Hayam S. Abdelkader2, and Rehab A.
Dawoud2
...ted oligonucleotide primers were designed to amplify the N-terminal portion of the capsid protein of PPV. The amplified products were cloned into pGEM-T-Easy vector and hybridized to PPV DNA specific probe labeled with Dig-I 1dUTP. DNA sequencing using fluorescent dideoxy nucleotides showed that the capsid protein region of PPV-EA strain had about 65% sequence homology with other strains of PPV and 45% similarity to the CP or PPV-D strain. A PCR fragment codin...
M. A. Amer1; M. H. El-Hammady2; H. M. Mazyad1; A. A. Shalabyl and F. M. Abo-El-abbas
...ext-align: justify;">Reverse transcription- polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) amplified product of the expected size of 801 bp was cloned into the Pinpoint Xa-l protein expression vector. The accury of each PCR amplified PVY CP gene was tested by PCR, restriction analysis, and translation. Analysis by in vitro translation using western blotting assay on nitrocellulose membrane using monoclonal antibodies verified that the PVY-CP gene correctly encoded and exp...
A.S. Gamal El din1; Sohair I. El-Afifi2; A. S. Sadik 2; Nashwa M. A. Abd El-Mohsen1; and H. M. Abdelmaksoud1
...e use of degenerate primers through polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Large-scale amount of PVY (N-Egypt) coat protein produced by gene expression technique in E. coli through: (I) Insertion of CP gene isolated by RT-PCR into Pinpoint Xa-l Vector by ligation and propagation after transformation process in E. coli. (2) Isolation of plasmid DNA. then used restriction enzymes Bam HI and Bgl II to identify clones containing inserts. To confirm the fragment inserted...
A.Y. Ahmad1, M. A. Amer2, T. A. Mostafa1, F. M. Abo El-Abbas1, and M. El-Hammady1
...al and molecular characters were studied using several techniques. Many different symptotypes were appeared on Chenopodium amaranticolar. Ch quinoa. Datura metal and Nicotiana tabacum cvs. Samsun and White Barley as a result of mechanical inoculation. All isolates reacted positively with monoclonal antibody specific to Potato virus Y group N. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). hemi-nested and nested-RT...
E. K. Allam.1; B. A. Othman.1; Hayam S. Abdelkader2; and Noher A. Mahmoud2
...FLV was amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) using two primers specific for the coat protein gene or GFLV. Nucleotide sequences of the RT-PCR products confirmed that these sequences were amplified from the GFLV coat protein gene. A specific GFLV Dig labeled DNA probe was prepared by PCR and detected the GFLV virus in fresh leaves up to 10-5 dilution in dot blot hybridization assay. It was sug...
Characterization and Molecular Detection of Tomato spotted wilt Tospovirus Infecting Tomato in Egypt
Hayam S. Abdelkader1; Gamalat M. Allam1; T. A. Moustafa2; and M. El-Hanunady2
...and LIV was between 5-6 hrs. Local lesion technique for biological purification and electron microscopic analysis confirmed the production of mature infectious virus particles underlining the conclusion that a full infection cycle was completed in this system. Both the structural viral proteins nucleoprotein (N) and the envelope glycoproteins GI and G2 and the nonstructural viral proteins NSs and NSm were accumulated to amounts sufficient for detection and cyt...
E. K. Allam1; Kh. A. El-Dougdoug1; M. A. Amer2; A. A. Abou-Zaid2; and S. M. Amin2
...olyacrylamide gel. A reverse transcription-polymerase Chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay was used for the isolation and identification of PSTVd cDNA from infected plant materials using a specific primer to PSTVd. A major cDNA product of approximately 360 bp was successfully hybridized with digoxigenin labeled PSTVd cDNA probe....
Om-Hashem M. El Banaa l, A.A. Abou Zeid2, Fawzia I. Moursy3 and Azza, G. Farag
...lid-phase. Specific primers based on the sequence of the Morocco strains of S. citri Saglio (R8A2HP and G113) were used. Two pairs of primers SC. SC’ and SC8. SC9 were used. PCR fragment of correct size 330bp was amplified with primers SC. SC expressing spiralin gene and 760bp was amplified with prime
Sahar. A. Shoman1 and B. A. Othman2
... procedure involving reverse transcription followed by polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with availability of the database sequences (GenBank) provided a sensitive method for the detection or Tobacco mosaic virus- Egyptian strain (TMV-E). Total RNA extract of infected plant and RNA of purified TMV particles were subjected in this method with four degenerate and undegenerate primers. The primer pairs...
Hendy Musbawandi1, Mohammad H. Tamzil2*, Budi Indarsih2
... effect of rearing broilers in positive pressure barns on the performance of Lohmann strain broilers. The study used one hundred and eighty Lohmann unsex broilers reared for 4 weeks feeding with commercial feed produced by PT. Japfa Comfeed Indonesia Tbk. The study was designed using a completely randomized design using 180 chickens. All chickens were divided into three groups with six rep...
M.A.S. El-Kady1, Om-Hashem M. El-Banna 2, E.A Salama2, Salwa N. Zein1
...erent five barley cultivars tested....
A. S. Gamal El din1; Sohair I. El-Afifi2; A. S. Sadik2; Nashwa M. A. Abd El Mohsen1; and H. M. Abdelmaksoud1
...ntly observed on the tubers surface) were used as a virus source. Isolation and identification of the virus was performed through studying biological, serological, and molecular characters. Electron microscopy helped for illustration Of Morphology of virus particles as well as alteration in cell organelles. The virus systematically infects most Of Solanaceae plants. but become diverse to d...
S.A. El-Kewey1; R.A. Omar1; S.A. Sidaros2 and Samaa Abd El-Khalik3
... and by means of Myzus persicue and Aphis fabue. Green peach aphid was found to be more effective in virus transmission than broad bean aphid. Virus transmission through vegetative propagation reached 100% in both cultivars (Chinese and Balady) with different degrees of symptoms severity. Plant height, leaf area. fresh and dry weight of bulb decreased significantly with the increasing of severity symptoms on garlic plants of...
Waheed Khan1, Muhammad Ajmal Khan2, Bakhtawar Khan1*, Aftab Amin3, Muhsin Ali4, Awais Farid, Ali Hazrat5 and Muhammad Yahya5
...itus drugs have many adverse reactions. Therefore, it is needed to investigate novel methods to improve DM treatment. Thus plant-based management could be a possible antidiabetic strategy. The objective of the most recent study was to assess Verbascum thapsus’s ability to combat hyperlipidemia and diabetes. Mice were given an intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (150 mg kg-1, b.w.) to cause diabetes. There were five gr...
Asim Faraz1*, Nasir Ali Tauqir2, Hafiz Muhammad Ishaq1, Muhammad Arslan Akbar3, Muhammad Abubakar Sufyan1, Abdul Waheed1, Muhammad Usman Saleem4, Muhammad Shahid Nabeel5, Morteza Bitaraf Sani6, Amal AlKharusi7, Samira Jebahi8 and Ayman Balla Mustafa9
...ield was recorded in liters. By using Milky Lab Analyzer, the estimated values of milk composition were determined including protein, total solids, fat, density, lactose, and solids not fat (SNF). The difference between composition of milk, and yield was found to be significantly (P<0.05) high. Solids not fat (SNF), protein, and total solids in milk were found to be highly significant (P<0.05) in early lactating and non-pregnant females while milk densit...
Asim Faraz1, Amal AlKharusi2, Nasir Ali Tauqir3, Muhammad Shahid Nabeel4, Syeda Maryam Hussain5, Abdul Waheed1*, Muhammad Arslan Akbar6
...lack mouth, black long ears with different white body parts. Thalli Sheep transferred from different livestock Farms (Livestock Experiment Station Rakh Ghulaman, Government livestock Farm Kallurkot and Wool Sheep Farm 205 TDA Sarai Mohajir to Camel Breeding and Research Station (CBRS) Rakh Mahni for rearing and propagation during period 2014-2016. The farm management worked to improve and ...
Muhammad Ismail1, Abu Bakar Muhammad Raza1,2, Zarina Qasim3, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed1*
... of fruits. Bactrocera dorsalis Hendel is an emerging threat to the export of Pakistani citrus fruits to overseas markets. Integrated pest management (IPM) is an appropriate and sustainable strategy for controlling fruit flies as it is based on integrated application of all available pest control methods with minimum implication of hazardous synthetic insecticides. In this study, five treatments including field sanitation (T...
Tanvir Ahmed1, Sachchidananda Das Chowdhury1, Bibek Chandra Roy1Shubash Chandra Das1*, Khan Md. Shaiful Islam2, Bipul Chandra Ray1, Sukumar Saha3
..., which disturbs poultry’s natural gut flora and fuels the growth of microbial resistance, is now raising concerns for human health. As a result, using antibiotics is swiftly overshadowed by alternatives in order to minimize any lasting effects, combat microbial resistance, and preserve productivity. The study was aimed to investigate the influence of a prebiotic (PB), mannan-oligosaccharides (MOS) enriched with β...
Muhammad Afzal Naeem1*, Muhammad Hassaan Khan2, Tahmina Nazish3, Uzma Bashir4 and Midrarullah5
...n: justify;">Gossypium hirsutum L. is among the leading cash crop, grown at 4.7 million acreage area in Punjab province annually. The rotational cultivation of cotton and wheat crops constitutes the major cropping pattern in Pakistan. Current study was undertaken to investigate the allelopathic effect of the post-harvest remnants of cotton crop on the germination and growth parameters of successor wheat crop. Experiment was ...
Muhammad Zeeshan Khan1*, Umar Khitab Saddozai1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Mohammad SafdarBaloch1, Atiq Ahmad Alazai2 and Muhammad Amjad Nadim1
...awareness among the farmers to choose the proper weedicide among the current weedicides available in the market for controlling weeds in wheat. The present research work was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of newly approved weedicides to control weeds in spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) at Dera Ismail Khan, Pakistan, during season of 2019-2020. The experiment was laid out in randomized complete block design with split plot arrangement having 3 replicatio...
Shabana Mangi1*, Abdul Manan Shaikh1, Waheed Ali Panhwar1, Javeed Ali Ujjan1, Fakhra Somroo1, Shazia Praveen Solangi2, Sumbul Mureed Mastoi3 and Ranjeet Kumar1
...y, Shah Abdul Latif University Khairpur. Specimens were gathered by traditional hand net and on the light trap from different sites and are killed in a jar having potassium cyanide and mounted via entomological pins. Samples are recognized up to the species level through the support of keys available for the region in different publications. Photographs of the adult and genitalia were taken with cameras fitted on the microscope. This revealed the occurrence of...
Bismillah Khan1*, Muhammad Mehran Anjum1,2*, Maaz Ullah1, Izharullah1, Aftab Ahmad3 and Jawad Akbar1
...ify;">Climate change adversely affect the pattern of temperature and distribution of rainfall due to which the incidence of new weeds occurs which cause a serious threat to our main crops. A study was carried out on “Evaluation of weeds density for local and Chinese lines in northern Pakistan under different sowing intervals” during winter season 2020-2021. The experimental design was used randomized complete blo...
Nguyen Thi Kim Dong1*, Nguyen Van Thu2
...rd) and better feed conversion ratio (p<0.05). Similarly, the carcass, breast and thigh weights were significantly higher for the SP0.2treatment (p<0.05). The supplement of SP and VE products significantly decreased density of E. coli and C. perfringens in the chicken excreta (p<0.05). It was concluded that the Guinea fowls supplemented SP and VE in concentrate basal diets improved growth rate, carcass performance as well as had better intestinal heal...
Galuh Chandra Agustina1*, Erwin Syahfitri1, Viski Fitri Hendrawan1, Siska Aditya1,2
...ricultural business sectors. Nevertheless, this type of pesticide could negatively inhibit the acetylcholinesterase, resulting cell apoptosis and hormonal disruption of the reproductive system. The major of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of black cumin seeds as antioxidants on the expression of caspase-3 and sertoli cells in spermatogenesis. A total of 20 male mouses were divided into five groups, K- (negative control, no treatment), K+ (positi...
Jaswandi, Ananda*, Rusfidra, Kusnadidi Subekti, Harif Gusdinal, Raziah Sri Wahyuni, Fahmi Ariansyah Caniago
...to 500µl of Ringer’s lactate solution with various concentrations of spermatozoa, namely 50×106, 100×106, and 150×106. Fertile period and fertility were evaluated by inseminating spermatozoa in hens. Eggs were collected two days after insemination and observed for embryo development using the candling method. Observation of fresh semen of the KBC showed that macroscopically the semen of the KBC was white, thick, and had a volume o...
Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1,2*, Neelam Yaqoob3*, Abdullah2, Amina Iftikhar4, Muhammad Irfan5, Hafiza Zara Saeed6, Syed Saqlain Hussain7 and Sidra Shakil8
...of Agriculture, the University of Sargodha in 2021. The experiment was run in four replicates to avoid variance. Different concentrations of aqueous extract of wild radish (0.0 %, 3.0 %, 6%, 9.0% and 12.0 %) were applied on ten seed of pea. It was observed that maximum emergence percentage (94.25 %), shoot length (5.52 cm), root length (6.20 cm), fresh biomass (0.95 g), dry biomass (0.32 g), minimum time to start emergence (2.56 days), mean emergence time (4.5...
Behari Lal Meghwar1*, Attaullah Khan1, Imran Ali Lakhiar1, Asif Ali Mirani2, Muhammad Siddique Daper1 and Muhammad Waseem Kalroo1
...nd size) from the farmer’s field and brought to the experimental site. The experiment selected chili variety was Longi, and the initial weight of the all collected samples was 2000 g. The selected samples’ initial moisture content was considered to be 80%. The test results showed that T1 and T2 methods significantly reduced the moisture compared to T3 method. T1 and T2 method reduced the moisture level from 80% (...
Yun Zhang*
...pression of surface markers that included CD63 and CD81 were dramatically upregulated in PE group. The protein level of ET-1 and Ang-II were significantly increased in PE group, and the upregulated ET-1 and Ang-II expression were highly correlated with PE progression. The present study demonstrated that the exosome protein ET-1 upregulated the expression of Ang-II and contributed to the progression of PE....
Xiaoying Liang1,2, Xiaofang Jiang3, Honglin Jia1, Ru Zhang1, Li Gao4* and Qing Yang5*
...n as well as the T cells’ effects on allergic airway inflammation development. The number of T cell subsets and the expression of cytokines were detected by a well-established model of experimental asthma. The number of T cell subsets was detected by flow cytometry, the protein expression was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and the gene expression was detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. In addition, in vitro experiments with J...
Fang Chen
...the activity of mutant 3’UTR luciferase of PTEN (P>0.05). The miR-4728-3p inhibitor group had less cell migration and invasion, and its apoptosis rate increased (P<0.05). The abnormal expression of miR-4728-3p mediated the apatinib resistance of SCLC by targeting PTEN and regulating PI3 K/AKT pathway....
Pengliang Xie1, Lufang Zheng2*, Mingxia Dong3, Huaiqiang Zhang1 and Fang Chen1
...ous humor levels of factors associated with branch retinal vein occlusion with macular edema, such as growth factors, sVEGFR-1, sVEGFR-2 and inflammatory factors, are increased, indicating that there is a very important relationship between cytokine networks, which can help us better understand the disease mechanism and develop new treatment methods....
Yisi Chen*, Jun Zhang and Fayin Li
...t;0.05). The number of dorsal spinal cord neurons co-expressed with EPAC1 and c-fos was significantly decreased in the propofol group after surgery (P<0.05). To conclude, propofol could reduce postoperative pain response in animals and inhibit the glun2b-p38mapk /EPAC1 signaling pathway in the spinal cord....
Chun Shi, Juanjuan Guo, Meng Li, Qi Yang and Jingang Li*
...no significant alpha diversity during the four periods; however, the beta diversity was different, especially in the awakening period. These differences in beta diversity may be due to the significantly increased abundance of 11 kinds of bacteria, including Anoxybacillus, Geobacillus, Klebsiella, Thermus, and Acinetobacter (P<0.05), and the significantly reduced abundance of 16 species ...
Saiwa N. Zein
...ay (DBIA). This is the first report for isolation of Tobacco rattle virus Tohrarirus (T R V) from D.Kaki under the Egyptian conditions.
...
A.l. Abd El-Fattah; A.s. Saclik M.M. El-Kholi; I.A. Åbdcl-Hmnid and M.A. Madkour
...use of Sorghum bicolor vars. Rio and Atlas show successful detection of 7 SCMV strains (A, B. D. E. H. l. and M). The indirect-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA) detection Of SCMV strains showed the presence or five strains. i.e., SCMV-A. SCMV-B. SCMV-D, SrMV-H and SrMV-I. The electron microscopy of SCMV-E-infected sorghum plant cells proved the presence or the cytoplasmic inclusions characterized to the potyviruses. The virus was purified and an anti...
Rafik Soliman1*, Rafik H. Sayed2, Hanan Mahmoud3, Heidy Abo El-Yazeed1, Marsell Saad1, Shaimaa Abdelall Elsaady2, Khalid Sh3
...>A total of 3608 quarter’s milk samples were aseptically collected form 902 Friesian cows, of which 68 (7.54%) suffered from clinical mastitis and 120 (13.3%) proved to suffer from subclinical form of mastitis. Bacteriological examination of the milk samples revealed the isolation of the following pathogens from clinical and subclinical mastitis cases, respectively; E. coli (29.41% and 29.2%), S. aureus (19.12% and 25%), Str. agalactiae (16.2% and 16.6%)...
Saad Zaghlou El-Damrawy1, Reda Ali Hassan2*, Ahmed Maher Bakhaty1, Adel M. Nasr2, El-Sayed A. Abu El-Hassan2
...t groups with equal numbers of birds each were created. In a randomized complete block design experiment, each group contained 100 birds in five repetitions and was assigned to one of the six feeding regimens. Experimental groups included: (1) Negative control (NC) with the basal diet, (2) NC + 600 mg/kg diet of silymarin, (3) NC + 400 mg/kg diet of choline, (4) Positive control (PC) containing 1 mg AFB1/kg diet, (5) PC + 600 mg/kg diet of silymarin and (6) PC...
Sen Ye1, Jiangang Pang2 and Xiuli Wang3*
...eakage and blood parameters were examined. PAR immunohistochemistry was performed on brain sections after 24 h reperfusion. We found that compared with the rivaroxaban group, the warfarin pretreatment group had an increased ICH volume; PAR-1, -2, -3, and -4 were widely expressed in the normal brain and there was higher expression in the ischemic brain, especially in ischemic peripheral lesions. Warfarin pretreatment enhanced the expression of PAR-1 and PAR-2 ...
Zhao Fulin1,2, Liang Chen2, Tao Lin1, Jiang Yanting3, Ouyang Yina3, Hong Qionghua3* and Chu Mingxing1*
...itable as molecular markers for litter size in YS, and g. 64266710G> C locus was suitable as a selection marker for litter weight at weaning....
Muhammad Rizwan1*, Bilal Atta1, Muhammad Arshad2, Sohail Akhter3,
Muhammad Tahir3, Misbah Rizwan1, Muddassir Ali1 and Arshad Makhdoon Sabir1
...in on biological parameters of generalist predator, Coccinella septempunctata. Results indicated that λ cyhalothin has no significant impact on developmental life stages of larvae of ladybird beetle but it significantly reduced the span of total adult longevity (30.8 to 26.91 d), female adult longevity (31.5 to 27.79 d), and male adult longevity (29.4 to 25.56 d) as compared to control. Among population parameters, &l...
Tarique Ahmed Khokhar1*, Atta Hussain Shah1, Muneer Ahmed Jamali1 and Asghar Ali Kamboh2
...ustainable. In recent years, meat has gained more importance due to its export potential and domestic consumption. Due to the fast growing life style of urbanization, most of consumers purchase the meat in fresh form because they hardly find time to purchase daily fresh meat. Therefore, they purchase the meat in bulk quantity to meet their daily necessities and stored in freezer or refrigerator and consume after certain inte...
Mansoor Ayoob1, Atta Hussain Shah1, Zaheer Ahmed Nizamani2, Muhammad Faisal Ayoob2,3*, Deepesh Kumar Bhuptani1,5 and Abdul Sattar Baloch4
...f meat (M. longissimus dorsi). The samples were analyzed for moisture, fat, protein, glycogen, peroxide, thiobarbituric acid, total viable count and total coliform count after marination with 0, 10, 20, 30 and 100% concentrations of honey and after 1, 4, 8 and 12 days of storage (4 ̊C). The moisture, fat and protein contents were moderately decreased on the 4, 8 and 12th days of storage in all the groups. The glycogen content showed a significant (P < 0.05...
Keatisak Soisuwan1, Hatairat Plaimast2, Atichat Thongnum3, Soranot Chotnipat4, Manatsanun Nopparatmaitree4*
...he meat quality of broilers reared in tropical climates. This study employed a completely randomized design (CRD). One thousand Ross 308® one-day-old chicks were divided into two treatments, each with 10 replicates and 50 chicks (25 females and 25 males) per experimental unit. Dietary treatment consisted of commercial broilers diets (corn-soybean based diet) supplemented with 0 or 100 g/ton of natural multi-enzymes feed ...
Maria Endo Mahata1*, Oriyanti Br Situngkir1, Yan Heryandi2, Takayuki Ohnuma3, Yose Rizal1
...a plant pellets on broilers. However, the dosage of pellet binder had a highly significant impact (p<0.01) on crude fiber digestibility, nitrogen retention, and energy metabolism of Miana plant pellets on broilers. In conclusion, there was no interaction between the type and dosage of pellet binder on crude fiber digestibility, nitrogen retention, and energy metabolism of Miana plant pellets on broiler chicken. The best ...
Adel B. Salama and Reham M. Sabry*
...rpose plant for its flowers or recently for its seeds, whereas information for calendula cultivation for both flowers or petals and seed production is very scarce. A field study was conducted on two seasons to evaluate the effect of petal harvesting on flower heads fresh and dry weights, monthly and cumulative number of flower heads/plant, seed yield, fixed oil percentage and fatty acid analysis of pot marigold (Calendula of...
Fatimah Mohammed Alsarawi1*, Azharia Abdelbagi Elbushra1,2 and Ishtiag Faroug Abdalla1,3
...of food security indicators of poultry meat during the period 2005-2020 in Saudi Arabia. In addition, it assessed the relationship between poultry meat consumption and macroeconomic indicators during the period 1980-2020. The Autoregressive Distributed Lag model was employed to estimate the short-run and long-run relationships between domestic consumption of poultry meat and Gross Domestic Products (GDP), consumer price inde...
Najamuddin Solangi1*, Mushtaque Ahmed Jatoi1, Adel Ahmed Abul-Soad2, Abdul Aziz Mirani1, Muhammad Aslam Solangi3 and Ghulam Sarwar Markhand1
...rcially important cultivars of date palm worldwide. ...
Seharish Munawar and Nuzhat Afsar*
... over more than fifty years (50) in several marine gastropod species world around. The Phenomenon of imposex is directly connected with toxicity of tributyl (TBT) contamination and the source of this contamination is shipping traffic due to the use of TBT-based paints on ship hulls and the leaching of content into the water column. So, during the present study specimens of Tibia curta (Sowerby II, 1842), collected and investigated for the planned study from Ga...
Muhammad Asim Bhutta1,2*, Amna Bibi2, Nadia Hussain Ahmad2, Sadia Kanwal2, Zarmeena Amjad1, Hafeez ur Rehman3, Umar Farooq3, Muhammad Nouman Khalid4 and Syeda Fiza Nayab5
...otoreactions, which appears to be the principal cause of photoinhibition by visible light. There is a chance that excessive photosynthetic electron transport could lead to an overabundance of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Reactive oxygen species such as H2O2 and O2, that develops in photosystem II as a result of exposure to intense light, start to damage electron transfer system components and protein structure. Plants have adapted several protective mechanis...
Tajul Islam Mamun, Jillur Rahman, Mahmudul Hasan, Md. Jamal Hossain, Md Wakil Mahmud and Kamruz Zaman
..., blood test and Rivalta’s test. The prevalence of young cats was 6.94%, sexually intact cats 5.29% and 20% of cats in poor health conditions were significantly associated with the occurrence of FIP (p ≤ 0.05). Sex and breed were not statistically associated with FIP but had a comparatively high prevalence. Most of the suspected FIP clinical feature was effusive (66.66%). This outcome provides an empirical analysis of FIP in the city of Dhaka. The res...
Balquees Kanwal1*, Syeda Saba Shah1, Syed Waqas Hassan2 and Farzana Shaheen3
...ed to Escherichia coli pursue to be one of the most significant global level public health issue in the world. Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli (STEC) produces a principal virulence factor shiga toxin (Stx), which can lead to diarrhea, haemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and other lethal complications. Consumption of STEC contaminated food has been associated with food related illnesses outbreak. This study aims to evaluate the pre...
Luqman1*, Zahid Hussain2, Tamana Bakht3, Fazli Wahab1, Miftah-ud-Din1, Haroon Khan2, Imran Shinwari1, Ata Ullah1, Liaqat Khan1 and Sara Hidayat4
...esearch farm of the University of Agriculture, Peshawar in the Rabi season of 2014 in order to figure out the influence of different cropping patterns (sowing directions) and weed control practices on onion crop. A two factorial RCBD experimental design was used for the experiment replicated three times. Factor A was termed as the cropping pattern (or sowing direction) with two levels (i.e. North-South and East-West), while the factor B included the treatments...
Gilyan V. Fedotova1,2, Marina I. Slozhenkina1, Ivan F. Gorlov1, Aizhan A. Kaidulina1, Alexander A. Mosolov1, Daria A. Mosolova1, Mohammadreza Poorghasemi3 and Alireza Seidavi3*
...rossbred 7-month old steers from Kalmyk cows bred to Kalmyk (I, control), Simmental (II), Hereford (III), or Kazakh white-headed (IV) bulls were housed and fed under the same conditions. The bulls used were all classed as Elite. The feeding rate was intense. Steers in all groups were raised in the feedlot throughout the year. Growth rate of the crossbred steers was greater than the purebre...
Yue-Xia Ding1, Qun Wu2, Zhao Namula1 and Yi Ma1,*
...ming. The virulence factors produced by Streptococcus are related to the occurrence of inflammation. To investigate the correlation between antimicrobial resistance and virulence traits of bovine Streptococcal isolates. Induced resistance was conducted for Streptococcus pneumonia ATCC49619 and erythromycin-sensitive strains by gradually increasing the antimicrobial concentration. Plasmid conjugation test was carried out by membrane filtration method. The corre...
Thobela Louis Tyasi1* and Widya Pintaka Bayu Putra2
...imental farm of the University of Limpopo, South Africa. Nine (9) body measurements include face width, face length, ear length, body length, rump height, withers height, sternum height, rump width and chest girth were performed in this study and taken from forty-nine (49) Nguni cows. Pearson’s correlation and PCA were utilized for analysis of data...
Muhammad Fiaz1, Muhammad Farooq Hussain Faisal1,
Muhammad Imran Khan1*, Kashif Ishaq1, Tanveer Ahmad1 and Qazi Jamil Akbar2
...P<0.05) and feed conversion ratio was lower (P<0.05) in lambs fed diets with 20 and 30% peanut haulms than other two diets. Heart girth and body length were increased with increasing inclusion rate of peanut haulms from zero to 30%. It is concluded that peanut haulms might be potential and economical roughage source to be used as roughage ingredient up to 30% in preparing total mixed diet that support higher growth rate and lower FCR for lambs....
Fei Shang and Pengfei Liu*
...;">Morphological characters such as wing length and body mass often correlate with life history parameters in avian biology, affect the probability of acquiring a mate, timing of reproduction, success in obtaining extra-pair copulation or survival. We measured biometrics in common rosefinch Carpodacus erythrinus among three age groups (Juveniles about 3-month old, yearlings, adults > 2 y) during autumn migration in centra...
Yong Bin Zhao1, Hui Song1, Guo Gong Yi1*, Xi Lian Hao1, Bai Wang2, Zhi Wen Chen2
...sotope analysis of feathers is widely used in bird ecology. Generally, studied birds should be captured to collect feather samples in a way that clarifies the attribution of feather samples. As some endangered birds cannot be captured, feather sampling is the only feasible method for isotopic research. However, whether it can be used for research on individuals remains to be clarified. In this study, the values of δ13C and δ15N of the rachises and ...
Anwar ul Haq1, Maqsooda Parveen2, Shehzadi Saima3* and Khalid Masood Ahmad1*
...m morifolium L. cultivators in Pakistan have frequently detected that poor root cuttings of chrysanthemum caused poor anchorage of roots that results in shipping losses of these pot plants. Optimum concentration of appropriate auxins is used to promote effective rooting. Completely randomized design (CRD) is adopted and it consisted of five treatments including control and different concentration of both auxins viz. 1-Naphthalene acetic acid (50 mg/L,100 mg/L)...
Jihan Abd Wahab, Nur Bahiah Mohamed Haris* and Jasmin Arif Shah
...d of the virus. Malaysia’s Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in agriculture sector (2020) is 7.4 per cent, the percentage growth of this sector declined 2.2 per cent from 2.0 per cent in the previous year. The declination of the growth may be related with performance of extension agent during the pandemic due to 1st MCO regulations. In addition, the performance before MCO was high in 2019, hence, the aim of this study is to determine the skills and work perfo...
Hassan Raza1, Muhammad Kashif Afzal2, Muhammad Luqman1*, Tahir Munir Butt3, Muhammad Yaseen1 and Muhammad Umer Mehmood1
...ve the farming community’s livelihoods. It is a matter of fact that training plays an important role in building the farmer’s capacities, raising awareness, and providing them with modern knowledge by enhancing their performance to achieve the ultimate goals. However, farmers struggle to manage the olive crop due to a lack of practical knowledge and training sessions on advance...
Seyi Olalekan Olawuyi1*, Adedotun Oluwagbenga Anjorin2, Oluwagbenga Titus Alao3, Tosin Dolapo Olawuyi3, Rachael Ajibola Ayinla3 and Rasheed Ayodele Ayinla3
...xt-align: justify;">Farmers are faced with the problem of food insecurity, which is driven by climate extreme events, soil degradation, economic instability, lack of sound agricultural policy, unstable political situation, herders-farmers crisis, and other pressing challenges. Most notably, bio-security threats, and other unobserved events ravaging the agri-food system, and causing signifi...
Muhammad Kefayatullah* and Said Wahab
...egarding various parameters were recorded at each 7days intervalup to 28 days of storage. The samples T1 (control), SA1 (1 % sodium alginate), SA2(2 % sodium alginate), MC1(1 % methyl cellulose), MC2(2 % methyl cellulose), P1(1 % pectin), P2(2 % pectin), BW1(1 % bees wax), BW2(2 % bees wax), CC1(1 % calcium chloride) and CC2 (2 % calcium chloride) were studied for TSS, pH, acidity, ascorbic acid, reducing sugar, non-reducing sugar, moisture content, percent we...
Faiza Siddique1, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed1, Rana Arsalan Javaid1, Alvina Hanif1, Maria Rabnawaz1, Muhammad Arshad2, Irum Raza3 and Abid Majeed1*
...e estimation of elite coarse rice lines to withstand against the drought stress especially during early plant developmental phases and germination and seedling stage, an experiment was carried out from June to July 2021 at the Rice Molecular Breeding Laboratory of the Rice Research Program, Crop Sciences Institute, National Agricultural Research Centre, Islamabad. Ten elite coarse rice lines were subjected to varying degrees...
Muhammad Hasnain1, Qudsia Nazir2, Ifra Saleem2*, Syed Shahid Hussain Shah1, Muhammad Asif Ali1 and Noor ul Ain3
...f EZU, agronomic parameters including straw and grains yield, and panicle length were also improved significantly (2.7, 18.7 and 16.4%, respectively), as compared to urea and ZnSO4 application separately. Therefore, it was concluded that the application of EZU played role as a slow-release fertilizer that improved Zn bio fortification in rice grains and Zn needs of humans will be fulfilled by consumption of zinc (Zn) enrich grains of rice....
Abid Hussain1*, Hassnain Shah1, Muhammad Nadeem Iqbal2 and Tariq Sultan3
... sites of micronutrients’ use for citrus and thirteen sites for vegetables’ production in tunnels viz. chili peppers, bell peppers, cucumber and bottle gourds, twenty Biozote technology sites for wheat crop, and six Pak Seeder technology sites for planting wheat. Use of micronutrients resulted in better fruit setting and productivity in citru...
Asmaa A. M. Abdel-Ghany1, Ahmed N. El Taweel2, Yassmin Moatasim2, Nagwa S. Ata1, Amany Adel3, Ayman Hany El-Deeb4, Ahmed Kandeil2, Mohamed A. Ali2*, Hussein Ali Hussein4*
...s of clade 2.3.4.4 was first emerged in China. The virus disseminated throughout migrating birds into different countries in Asia, America, Europe and Africa. HPAI A/H5N8 viruses were initially reported in Egypt in winter of 2016. However, backyard poultry production sector is commonly found in rural areas in Egypt with biosecurity deficiencies and could play a key role in epidemiology of AIVs in Egypt. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalen...
Nitya Salsabila, Djalal Rosyidi, Agus Susilo*
...an be accepted by consumers and can be applied in the development of the latest innovations in the production of beef jerky by the public.
...
...
Lalu Ahmad Zaenuri*, Rodiah Rodiah, Adji Santoso Dradjat, Oscar Yanuarianto, I Wayan Lanus Sumadiasa , Lukman Hy
...ht of 2.7±0.35 years and 28.4±2.4 kg, respectively. All experimental bucks received a daily diet of native grass equal to 10% of body weight from day 1 to day 20. From days 21 to 35, they received a diet the same as days 1 to 20, in addition to SGtab. Semen was collected using an artificial vagina for 6 consecutive ejaculates at an interval of 120 h from each experimental buck. Fresh semen was evaluated for volume, pH, spermatozoa concentration/m...
Natalia Shchur1,2*, Olha Chechet1, Tetiana Mazur2, Oleksandr Martyniuk2, Olga Gorbatiuk1, Halyna Buchkovska1, Iryna Musiets1, Diana Ordynska1, Olena Finkova3, Larisa Moskalenko3, Tetiana Ponomaryova-Gerasimyuk3, Maksym Lusta3, Vitalii Nedosekov2
...ates obtained from broilers indicates dangerous uncontrolled use of antibiotics in poultry farming. The article highlights the potential health hazard to consumers posed by the presence of Campylobacter jejuni in industrial poultry and poultry products, as well as its resistance to various antibiotics. The study also reports a high rate of detection of resistant Campylobacter spp. among agricultural animals and the populatio...
Khitam J. Yahya*, Mohammed T. S. Al-Zubaidi
...917077.1), while the others were found to be closely related to C. baileyi and had the accession number (MN410723.1). The finding suggests that Cryptosporidium parasites, which cause zoonotic disease transmission, are widespread among Baghdad quails. ...
Sahar Ezeldien1,2, Foromo Dramou2, Fatma M. Yousseff3*, Alexander A. Nikishov2, Sergy B Seleznev2
...erum biochemical parameters of laying Japanese quail. A total of 42 Japanese quail were separated into two groups of 21 birds each, with three replicates per group (7 birds) at random; the control group without any additives and the supplemented group with chamomile aqueous extract (3ml/L) in the drinking water from 2 weeks to 13 week at the end of expermint. The total phenols, flavonoids, , and antioxidant potential of chamomile extract were all assayed. The ...
Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Tan Loi Le1, Thi Kim Ngan Vo1, Chi Hieu Do1, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Nguyen Khang Duong3, Quang Minh Luu4
...PstI genotype laid the first egg significant earlier (P<0.05) than CT/PstI or TT/PstI genotype ducks (145.3 vs 152.3 days or 153.2 days, respectively), the total of egg number up to 38 weeks of age was higher (P<0.05) in the group of ducks with CC/PstI genotype compared to CT/PstI or TT/PstI genotype (99.3 vs 93.1 or 91.7 eggs). The average egg weight did not significant difference among genotypes (72.3, 72.2 and 70.6g; P>0.05). From these results, th...
Sukandi Sukandi1,4, Djoni Prawira Rahardja2*, Herry Sonjaya2, Hasbi Hasbi2, Sudirman Baco2, Sri Gustina3, Kirana Dara Dinanti Adiputra1
...ange of 2.5–4.5 years were used. Parameters observed were the body’s physiological response (rectal temperature, skin surface temperature, respiration rate, and pulse rate) and hematological profile (erythrocytes, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and leukocytes). Body physiological and hematological data were analyzed using factorial analysis to compare Bali cattle (horned and polled) a...
Edwin Ormachea V1,2*, Bilo Calsin C1,2, Eyner Aguilar S3, Buenaventura Ormachea V4, Henry Gonzales C1, Yecenia M. Masias G5
...eter; Height at the withers; Longitudinal body diameter; Thoracic perimeter; Bicostal diameter; Sternal dorsal diameter; Rump width; Rump length; Height at the rump; Leg perimeter; Height at hock; Metacarpus perimeter and Metatarsus perimeter. Data were processed using R statistical software. The correlation of the main morphological characteristics were significant and high. Age significa...
Munasik*, Titin Widiyastuti, Caribu Hadi Prayitno
...l design, where two factors were considered: the addition level of Na-glutamate (0%, 0.5%, 1%, and 1.5%), and the addition level of red oncom mushrooms (0%, 5%, 10%, and 15%). Each treatment was repeated twice, followed by an orthogonal polynomial test. The variables observed were nutrient contents, including moisture, crude fat, crude protein, crude fiber, NFE, calcium and phosphor, and anti-nutritional phytic acid. The results showed that the fermentation pr...
Bambang Hartoyo1*, Tri Rachmanto Prihambodo1,2, Wahyuningsih3, Sri Rahayu1, Fransisca Maria Suhartati1, Muhamad Bata1, Efka Aris Rimbawanto1
...digestive tract of broilers. A database was built from previously published article from internet reporting lactobacillus as feed additives in broilers. Articles were strictly selected according to evaluation of title, abstract and parameter which used in the study. Database collected was statistically analyzed using the mixed model method with different study as random effect and level of lactobacillus as fixed effect using...
Somia Eissa Sharawi
...the roles of insect vectors in aiding the transmission of viral pathogens and the possible roles of some insects in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission. In this study, we briefly review the possibility of biological or mechanical transmission of SARS-CoV-2 by insects in the environ...
Muhammad Awais Ahmad1, Mudssar Ali1*, Asif Sajjad2 and Shafqat Saeed1
...nds upon insect pollinators. Current study was planned to find effective native insect pollinators which play a crucial role in enhancing seed production of T. alexandrinum. The goals were achieved by recording the diversity of insect pollinators, abundance, foraging activity and most importantly pollination efficiency in a single visit in terms of repro...
Mahpara Fida Ahmed1, Abdul Hanan2* and Sher Ahmed2
... corms produced the flowers while medium and small corms failed to produce flowers. Large corms emerged out in less (46) days, survived higher (95.33 %) with a maximum leaf height (25.32 cm), higher number of leaves/plant (7.26) and higher number of daughter corms (6.33). However, the saffron stigma fresh and dry weight produced by large corms was recorded as 0.0354 and 0.0075g, respectively. Further results indicated no sig...
Imran Ahmad
... most dominating predictors, explaining the relationship by more than 80%. Subsequently, a linear correlation between actual and predicted values of sensory scores. High R2 values of 0.73 to 0.99 confirmed the relationship between the predictors (viscosity and airiness) and the rest of the sensory attributes. It is demonstrated that MIS is potentially beneficial in preparing product formulation utilizing high moisture, high ...
Syed Muhammad1*, Badar Naseem Siddiqui2, Farhat Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Adnan3, Sami Ullah3 and Nawab Khan4
...n technology to the farmers. Main objective of the existing study was to understand the technical competencies possessed by public agricultural extension field workers (EFS) in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan.Data were collected through a validated and pre-tested structured questionnaire from 300 randomly selected farmers of five distric...
Abdul Hassan1*, Arshad Farooq1, Muhammad Ishaq2, Ghulam Sadiq2 and Asif Nawaz3
...is study focused on farmers’ perceptions regarding climate and non-climate risk, their coping strategies and association to socioeconomic attributes. The study was carried out in two districts Nowshera and Charsadda of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan using principal component analysis approach and regression analysis. The data were collected randomly from 130 sampled vegetable growe
Ahamed Mohamed Korayem, Moawad Mohamed Mohamed* and Mohamed and Mostafa Mohamed Attia Hamman
... Egyptian soybean cultivars; Giza-21, Giza-22, Giza-35, Giza-82, Giza-83 and Giza-111 were evaluated for their resistance to M. incognita. Data indicated that all cultivars were susceptible to the nematodes based on the nematode damage (root-gall index) and the rate of nematode reproduction (Rf)....
Nawfal Hammadi Jasim1, Yasmeen Jassim Mohammed2 , Jala Amir Salman Alahmed1, Majdy Faisal Majeed3*
Saima Mehar1, Amtul Sami2 and Erum Iqbal3*
...ne javanica. After 72 hours, C. cyminum (MeOH) demonstrated the maximum nematicidal activity in egg hatching (15%±2.10) of M. javanica, followed by N. sativa (Ether), 22.33±6.86%, at the lowest administered dose of 0.25 % concentration. After 72 hours of treatment, C. cyminum (MeOH) and N. sativa (BeOH) had a non-significant difference in nematotoxic impact (90.0±10.3, 88.0±7.2 mortality %, respec...
Sumbal Nazir1*, Farkhanda Manzoor2, Ishrat Perveen3, Anum Rana2, Irum Naureen1, Abad Ali Nadeem3 and Hafiza Najma Naeem2
...>Honeybees are the world’s most important pollinators of food crops. Honeybee plays an essential role in pollination of commercial crops. Some viral, bacterial, protozoan, and fungal pathogens are attached on the honeybees worldwide. These pathogens affect the honeybee population by creating disease in it, which also effect the economy of country. It destroys the honey production and causes a subsequent reduction in th...
Muhammad Mukhtar1*, Lely Ummi Wakhidah2,Mohammad Zubair Hippy3
...pment and meeting people’s needs for meat and various sources of protein. Thus it is necessary to add a strategy to the previous strategy (strategy) in the development of beef cattle in Gorontalo. Based on the results of the AHP and SWOT above, it can be seen that the implementation of all process models for the beef cattle development policy strategy is the WO strategy. The level of the role of the actor element on the focus element found that the actor...
Indira Jurinskaya1*, Tynyshtyk Kenzhebaeva2, Kairat Iskakov3, Bekzat Niyazbekov1
...d goats of the Kazakh coarse-haired and Gorno-Altai downy breeds as well as their crossbreeds. Animal groups were formed according to the principle of analogue groups, taking into account age and live weight. Animals downy breed were more than 2.5 times higher than the animals of the local Kazakh coarse-haired breed in terms of down output. Crossbred animals obtained by crossing animals of the Gorno-Altai downy and Kazakh co...
Pawinee Kingkan1, Thanathip Supcharoenkul1, Chaowit Rakangthong1, Chaiyapoom Bunchasak1, Komwit Surachat2,3, Wiriya Loongyai1*
...cidence of diarrhea in nursery pigs for 6 weeks. A total of 800 pigs (Large White × Landrace × Duroc) were randomly allocated to two treatments: a basal diet supplemented with a mixture of amoxicillin and colistin (Amox-Co) and a basal diet supplemented with amoxicillin and 1 g/kg of a bacteriophage cocktail (Amox-Phage). Each treatment consisted of eight replicate pens, with 50 pigs per replicate. Average daily gain (ADG) and the FCR did not diffe...
Md. Rashedul Islam1, Abul Farah Md. Hasanuzzaman1*, Md. Latiful Islam2, Ghausiatur Reza Banu1
...rio spp. in brood, brood’s tank water, eggs, larvae, larval tank water, and larval feed were log10 3.86±0.61 cfu g-1, log10 3.63±0.57 cfu mL-1, log10 2.73±0.13 cfu g-1, log10 2.86±0.21 cfu g-1, log10 2.93±0.25 cfu mL-1 and log10 3.23±0.37 cfu mL-1 respectively. The highest concentration of Aeromonas spp. (log10 3.62±0.24 cfu g-1) and Pseudomonas spp. (log10 2.95±0.22 cfu g-1) was detected in the bro...
Rogia SA Gomez*, Said H Mbaga
...l to medium-scale producers the profitability has been hampered by high incidences of diseases and costs associated with their control. This study aimed to assess the biosecurity practices adopted by broiler farmers in the Pwani region, Tanzania. A structured questionnaire was administered to 78 broiler farmers complemented with on-site observations. Data collected were related to the soci...
Endang Baliarti1*, Muh Auliya Rozzaq2, Adi Tiya Warman2, Sigit Bintara3, Tri Satya Mastuti Widi1, Diah Tri Widayati3, Bayu Andri Atmoko4, Tristianto Nugroho1
...on information from farmers. Data were analyzed by analysis of variance followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test, Pearson’s correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), canonical discriminant analysis (CDA), and canonical correlation analysis (CCA). Results showed that Bali Cross (Limbal and Simbal) have higher body morphometric (P<0.0...
Javeria Khourshid*, Ghulam Abbas, Shahnaz Rashid, Asma Fatima* and Abdul Malik
...d cisterns at CEMB, University of Karachi. Two commercially important fish species (Orechromis niloticus and Acanthopagrus berda) were used for this study and kept in two different treatment tanks with their replicates (n=10 each) designated as T1= OxyAqua and T2= simple aeration. Juveniles were fed on supplementary pelleted diet thrice daily at 2% of their total body weight. Results showed that WG and SGR were significantly higher in T1, in which we applied O...
Muhammad Waqas Yonas1,2*, Khuram Mubeen2, Muhammad Irfan3, Muhammad Ayaz Shahzad4, Mudassir Aziz2, Saad ur Rehman5 and Shoaib Zawar2
...ammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan during the winter season of 2018-19 with the objective to evaluate weed dynamics, growth, and productivity of wheat crop under stale seedbed. This experiment was held under RCBD with three replications. The study consisted of eight treatments viz: T1: stale seedbed + no herbicide, T2: stale seedbed + glyphosate @ 711 a.i mL ha-1, T3: stale seedbed + paraquat-dichloride @ 494 a.i mL ha-1, T4: stale seedbed +...
Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Imtiaz Khan1*, Ijaz Ahmad1, Javed Khan2, Shahid Sattar1, Bashir Ahmad Khan1 and Muhammad Salim1
... (Steph.) fed on Myzus persicae (Sulzer) were investigated under controlled conditions at 25 °C, a relative humidity of 60 %, with a light-to-dark time ratio of 16:8, in 2018.The results regarding biological parameters indicate that larvae duration was 10.34 days. The larvae consumption rates were 379.2 aphids during their life span. Functional response of larval instars indicates that...
Muhammad Zeeshan Siddiqui1, Mujahid Ali2*, Shoaib ur Rehman3, Shahid Iqbal4, Malik Abdur Rehman5, Hafiz M. Tayyab Khan4, Muhammad Ali6, Muhammad Azher Nawaz4 and Saqib Ayyub1
...its along with seedlings’ ionic content of sodium, phosphorous, potassium, and sodium in leaves revealed that ‘Round ball’ has better NaCl tolerance ability compared with other genotypes used in this study. The highest ionic sodium concentration (10.34 µg g-1 DW) was found in Green ball, whereas Round gold (8.92 µg g-1 DW) showed the minimum. NaCl-induced salinity leads to chlorophyll damage in ...
Jaffar Hussain1*, Zeenat M. Ali1, Syed Farman Ali Shah1, Abdul Nasir Laghari2 and Munazza Sohail3
...valent in the next 15 years in Pakistan. Fossil fuels are the major source of energy in the world. The consumption of fossil fuels like that natural gas, coal and petroleum base products are going to end, so to find alternative source of energy to meet the global energy demand. Renewable energy sources are good alternative for fossil fuels. Biodiesel is a most important alternative energy source in the world which is renewable, biodegradable, environmental fri...
Bahlouli Fayçal1*, Chourghal Nacira2, Salamani Amel3, Benaini Mohammed4, Maamri Khelifa2, Kachaou Cherifa5, Djaballah Melak5, Atek Younes6 and Aissat Fares6
...gnificant phenotypic diversity. In our work we studied 6 varieties: Azéradj, Frontoio, Neb Djmel, Limli, Sigoise and Chemlal, at the level of the area of El-Annasser, wilaya of Bordj-Bou-Arréridj, this study is based on phenological, physiological and agronomic characterizations established by COI (1997).The results obtained indicate that the large number of stomata in the leaves of the Azeradj variety (1.22 stomata/1mm²), Limli variety has ...
Ahmad Shahzaib1*, Tabish Raza2 and Aisha Areej2
...al organs, the virus enters via the respiratory system, and the lungs are the leading site of the infection. The virus spreads primarily by respiratory droplets generated by coughing, sneezing, spitting, talking, singing, or breathing of infected people. COVID-19 infection has been linked to an intense cytokine storm (CS) and the immune-inflammatory mechanism that exacerbates disease symptoms and complications. Up to 20% of the infected people need hospitaliza...
Martin-Luther Oseni Okolo1, Monday Eneojo Akor1, Cornelius Arome Omatola1*, Zainab Penninah Ochada1, Ugbane Eleojo Okolo2, Benjamin Mudi Idache3, Andrew Isiramen4, Julius Akor Omatola5 and Moses Adaji David6
...pted the tendency to reverse. This study was carried out to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis using GeneXpert in HIV seropositive patients attending Kogi State Specialist Hospital, Lokoja. The study was done using 325 confirmed HIV patients (86 males and 239 females). A structured questionnaire was administered and 325 patients who consented were enrolled in the study. Sputum specimen was collected from each patient, processed, and examined using Xpert® MT...
Lipigwe Lauya1*, Peace Nkiruka Okeke2, Chukwudi Chizorom Ibeh1, Bello Ozovehe Banimoh1 and Nanma Tongnan Cosmas1
...view identifies the factors influencing this decline. We generated secondary data from three selected electronic databases: PUBMED, Google Scholar, and Science Direct, using a mix of keywords and MESH terms such as HIV-2, decline, incidence, and West Africa. Studies were selected if they reported data on the factors responsible for the decline in HIV-2 incidence in West Africa. This review identified eighteen (n=18) articles...
Md. Saiful Islam Siddiqui1*, Sharmin Akter2 and Mohd. Riajul Islam2
...stries, to evaluate factors govern farmers “selection of antibiotics” and to assess the status of poultry farmers knowledge about antibiotic resistant (ABR). A cross-sectional survey was conducted over a period of around one year among 50 broiler farms of about 25000 birds at Sylhet district in Bangladesh. Data revealed that Amoxicillin, Enrofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxaci...
Budi Guntoro1*, Agung Triatmojo1, Bambang Ariyadi2, Nguyen Hoang Qui1
...e the efficacy of farmer’s prevention practices to reduce the risk of Anthrax and FMD. A total of 868 farmers from 4 regions in Yogyakarta Province participated in this study through face-to-face interviews using a multi-stage random sample method and quota sampling. Descriptive statistics were used to analyse primary data from the survey. Farmers were chosen by the criteria of who a...
Winda Sartika1*, Budi Hartono2, Hari Dwi Utami2, Lilik Eka Radiati2
...dustry, including suppliers of raw materials, distributors, and consumers of rendang with qualitative and quantitative descriptive data analysis. The results of the study show that the resilience of the beef rendang industry during and after the Covid-19 pandemic caused good collaboration and cooperation between the institution chain involved; supply begins with the provision of beef raw m...
Muhammad Usman Shafi1, Hafiz Azhar Ali Khan1*, Tiyyabah Khan2, Waheed Anwar2, Adnan Akhter2 and Muhammad Zubair3
... disposal, storage and Personal Protection Equipment (PPE) during operation leads to health problems of human, increase resistance against pests with negative effects on the environment. The purpose of this survey was to check the knowledge about pesticide uses, risks and storage among farmers in Lahore division of Punjab, Pakistan. And, to get knowledge from farmers regarding local knowle...
Tasew Getu1*, Wassu Mohammed2, Awol Seid3, Tesfamariam Mekete4 and Bekele Kassa5
...tato yield-limiting factors. This research was conducted to evaluate the effect of irrigation methods, cultivars, vermicompost (VC) and their interactions for management of the MI and RS disease complex under field conditions. The experiment was laid out in a split-split plot design with three replications. The findings indicated that the treatments and ...
Hafiz Muhammad Walayat Ali1, Hafiz Basheer Ahmad1*, Zaheer Ahmad Nazar2, Muhammad Akhlaq Mudassir1, Mahmood-Ul-Hasan1, Abdul Khaliq1 and Muhammad Shahzad Afzal1
... limited due lack of diversity and disease infestation. One hundred and three clones of sugarcane were evaluated for two crop seasons through applying high inoculum conditions for smut incidence following RCBD during 2017-18. The analysis of variance revealed significant variations in cane weight, sugar recovery and smut incidence for both years. During the evaluation 84 and 80 clones were found resistant to smut in plant an...
Muhammad Zahid Rashid1, Amina1*, Hafiz Wasif Javaad2, Muhammad Asim Rashid3 and Amina Rashid3
...various date palm cultivars in agro-climatic conditions of Faisalabad. Different vegetative parameters such as, No. of days taken to start of germination/survival percentage, number of fronds, number of seeds survived, plant height, leaf area, suckers evolved and other parameters were noted for better yield and quality of date palm for purpose of chance ...
Imtiaz Khan1*, Bashir Ahmad1, Ahmad ur Rahman Saljoqi1, Shah Alam Khan1, Javed Khan3 and Muhammad Azim Khan2
...o different districts Charsadda and district Dera Ismail Khan of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Plot size 36×16 m (length × width) was selected in both localities for the cultivation of sugarcane varieties (CP77/400, Jhang 59, 2086, US-633, YT-55, CPF-252, CPF-246, CPF-251, CPF-247, CPF-250, CPF-248, and CPF-249) in Feb 2020. Each variety was planted in sub-plot size 3×2 meters having 3 rows and 5plants/row in randomi...
Asmaa A. Darwish*, Adel M. El-Kattan, Mona A. Mahmoud, Mohamed T. Ragab, Amani A. Hafez
...problem for animal breeders. It attacks different farm animals causing infertility, abortion, and stillbirth. This study aimed to figure out the common genes related to B. melitensis field strains virulence and assess the immunological, hormonal, and iron profile alterations related to B. melitensis infection in sheep and goat with special reference to their value as biomarkers for the disease. Vaginal swabs were collected f...
Sigit Bintara1*, Riyan Nugroho Aji1, Panjono2, Ali Agus3
...breed-bulls aged four years old were kept in a mooring cage and served with forage and concentrate (CP 16%) at 10% and 3% to the body weight, respectively. There were also added some egg yolk citrate diluent of 2.9% (v/v), Sodium citrate dihydrate buffer, 100 mL of distilled water, and an egg yolk mixture to a proportion of 20% egg yolk 8% (v/v) glycerol (Merck, Germany), penicillin (1,000 IU/mL), and streptomycin (1,000 mg/mL). Sperm was diluted to 50 million...
Abdulaziz A. Alaqil
...istributed in equal numbers in 40 battery cages (10 birds per cage). Every ten cages were placed in a room to arrange four experimental room groups identified as C, EC, PR, and PR+EC groups, respectively. From 22-42 d of age, the C and EC groups have received a basal diet with no PR supplements, whereas the PR and PR+EC groups have received PR at 1 g/kg of the basal diet. On day 36 of age, the EC and PR+EC groups were injected with 0.5 mL intraperitoneal (i.p....
Thekra Fadel Saleh, Omar Younis Altaey*
... of this study is to understand the anatomy, histology, histochemistry, and distribution of lymphoid tissue in the caeca of Muscovy ducks. Samples from eight healthy adult Muscovy ducks (Cairina moschata) were fixed, processed, sectioned, and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin as well as Periodic Acid Schiff: Alcian blue pH 2.5 and toluidine blue stains for histochemical analysis. Dissecting microscope measurements and histological measures were taken, and imm...
Peng Xu1, Yankuo Li2*, Shusong Zhang1 and Bin Liu3
...gated rodent species diversity in Jiangxi Wuyi Mountain National Nature Reserve of China in 2014-2015. Rodents were trapped at nine selected sampling sites varying in altitude for evaluating their diversity. Consequently, 16 rodent species belonging to eight families were recorded. Out of 376 individuals of rodent species trapped (capture rate = 4.7%), Apodemus agrarius, Eothenomys melanogaster, Niviventer fulvescens and N. ...
Fakhra Nazir1*, Sahar Fazal1 and Fakhar-i-Abbas2
... and morphologically diverse family of the order Passeriformes (Aves), generally well identified by barcodes globally. Species identification and phylogenetic analysis through DNA barcodes using mitochondrial COI gene (cytochrome c oxidase subunit I) was aimed for samples of birds collected from different regions of Pakistan. Mitochondrial DNA was successfully extracted from keel tissue and Folmer region of COI gene comprising ~650 bps was amplified using univ...
Nasir Ali Tauqir1*, Asim Faraz2, Abdul Waheed2, Ayman Balla Mustafa3, Irfan Shahzad Sheikh4, Michela Pugliese5 and Shahid Nazir6
...ough jugular vein two hours post feeding and were analysed for blood triglycerides concentration, total proteins and blood urea nitrogen according to standard procedures. Nutrient intake, nutrient digestion, nitrogen balance, milk production, milk fat, total solids in milk and solid not fat did not show any treatment effect. However, milk protein percentage was the highest (3.42% and 3.41%) in buffaloes fed diets containing 35 and 25 g/d methionine followed by...
Navjot Hothi
...tion to small-scale farmers. The summer and monsoon months of 2022 witnessed a sudden spurge across 14 states and 1 union territory in India, with a spread spanning 251 districts and 43,759 epicenters. Around 2.4 million cattle were affected in India, and 0.11 million cattle succumbed to the disease. The 10 most affected states have been analyzed for mortality and morbidity. The mortality rate in different districts in India...
Md Tariqul Islam1,5 *, Aditya Chowdhury Avi1,5, Md Saiful Bari2,5, Most Rebeka Sultana Swapna Khandoker3, Homaira Pervin Heema4, Goutam Buddha Das1
...survival rate, feed conversion ratio, or carcass yield within the broiler trial groups even fed potatoes 40% replacing maize according to the findings. In diets that contain potato meals, the percentage of fat was also lower, which could be advantageous for health. It was concluded that the substitution of maize with potato meals in the diets of broilers may be up to 40% without causing any deleterious effects. It&
Meltem Kızıl1*, Ali Rişvanlı2, Murat Abay3, Tarık Şafak4, Mehmet Akif Kılınç5, Öznur Yılmaz6, Burak Fatih Yüksel1 and İbrahim Şeker1
...: justify;">In recent years, the investigation of peptide and protein-structured hormones in biological fluids has become one of the most striking issues. The aim of this study was to determine irisin, asprosin, leptin, adiponectin, and IGF-1 levels in cows and calves after calving according to the mode of delivery. The study was carried out with 20 Holstein cows and 20 calves born from these cows. Blood samples were taken from cows and calves in all groups du...
Umara Amir ud Din1, Waqas Ahmed Khan1*, Khurrum Shahzad1,2, Basharat Ali3, Misbah Hussain1,4 and Fazli Rabbi Awan4
...tant biochemical parameters including glucose, uric acid, urea, creatinine, albumin, total protein cholesterol, and liver enzymes (ALP, ALT, and AST) were measured for all subjects. Genotyping for ACE (I/D) polymorphism was done by PCR assay. Statistical analysis showed that subjects with DN had higher (67%) frequency of ID genotypes and the ID genotype carriers also exhibited higher levels of creatinine (6.2±3.9 mg/d...
Suleman Irfan1*, Masood Rabbani1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh1, Sehrish Firyal2 and Arfat Yousaf Shaheen1
...than 2500 reported serovars. A total of 80 samples, comprising of poultry meat (n=30) from poultry shops and supermarkets, poultry feed (n=30) and swabs from carcasses and muddy (n=20) of poultry shops. The samples were assessed microbiologically for Total Viable Count, Total Coliform Count, and Salmonella detection. The mean log values of total viable counts of meat samples of traditional poultry shops, super markets and processed meat were 5.70, 4.65 and 3.6...
Achmad Firman1*, Sondi Kuswaryan1, Lilis Nurlina1, Muhamad Hasan Hadiana1, Marina Sulistyati1, Unang Yunasaf1, Dwi Cipto Budinuryanto2, Iman Trisman3
...the number of cow acceptors, the number of cow pregnancies, the service per conception rate, the number of calf’s birth, and the economic impact. Data collected by Directorate General of Livestock and Health (DGLH) was for five years. The Key Performance Indicators utilized to analyze the program performance. The incremental capital-output ratio (I...
Khalil1*, Dwi Ananta1, Andri Bachtiar2, Hermon3
... diets were fed. Parameters measured included: live weight gain (LWG), dry matter intake (DMI), feed conversion ratio (FCR), and nutrient digestibility. Storage of the supplemented straw by wrapping minimized the change of color, flavor, texture, microbial contamination, and moisture content but increased the crude protein and reduced the crude fiber content. Feeding the stored rice straw gave no significant effects on cattl...
Zahra Abdulameer Al-Zayadi1, Hana Kadum Shanan1, Al Salihi Karima Akool2*
...ment groups revealed diverse histopathological changes compared to the control groups. Various histological features were also seen in low, moderate, and high-dose Sc-RE treatment groups, accompanied by regeneration related to the treatment dose. Severe damage comprising necrosis of the hepatic cells, renal tubules, congestion, and infiltration of inflammatory cells was seen in the chemotherapy-treated group and mice suffering from cancer without treatment. Th...
Rameez Raja Kaleri1,2*, Hubdar Ali Kaleri1, Raza Ali Mangi3, Deepesh Kumar Bhuptan4, Sana Noor5, Zainab Lanjar6, Hubdar Ali Kolachi7 Abdul Wahid Solangi1 and Sheva Dari1
...cused on several parameters related to the weight of the sheep, including their birth weight (BW), weaning weight (WW), as well as their weight at 6 months, 9 months, and 12 months of ageData was collected over a three-year period (2018-2020) and analyzed using the standard procedure of analysis of variance. The results showed that the average birth weight of both Rakhshani and Harnai breeds was 3.17 ± 0.61 and 2.91 ± 0.51, respectively. The aver...
Aqleem Abbas1, Mustansar Mubeen2, Waqar Younus1, Qaiser Shakeel3, Yasir Iftikhar2*, Sonum Bashir2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan2 and Azhar Hussain1
...auses catastrophes to GB’s cereal and horticultural Crops. Moreover, Traditional plant varieties that resist disease and pests have been supplanted with fragile but high-yielding cultivars. As a result, diseases like rust, smut, black scurf, early blight, late blight, potato leaf roll virus, potato virus Y, grey mold, mildew, crown gall disease, gummosis disease, and nematodes and pests such as insect pests, i.e., frui...
Lu Xie1,2,3,4,5, Ye Gu1,2,3,4, Qiang Liu1,2,3,4, Hongzhang Shen1,2,3,4, Yifeng Zhou1,2,3,4, Jiangfeng Yang1,2,3,4, Xiaofeng Zhang1,2,3,4* and Jinyu Huang1,5*
...s and prognostic biomarkers in hepatocellular carcinoma....
Mati Ullah1*, Muhammad Rizwan2, Ali Raza3, Xianlin Zhao4, Yanling Sun4, Sarah Gul5, Muhammad Ihtesham Waheed6, Muhammad Nadeem Khan7, Alvina Gul8, Sami Ullah Jan9* and Chao Huang4*
...gs provide a broader understanding of the genome features as well as their functional characterization of the famous probiotic bacterial group....
Munir Ahmad1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Riaz Hussain2* and Rifat Ullah Khan3*
... food chain. Pymetrozine’s toxicity in freshwater fish was the main focus of the current study. For this reason, 80 fish were collected and placed separately in four groups of 20 fish each. Pymetrozine was given to fish in groups B, C, and D at doses of 500, 1000, and 1500 µg/L in water. For histopathological and hematological examinations, blood and other visceral tissues were obtained on days 10, 20, and 30 of treatments. Different physical and b...
Imtiaz Kashani and Sher Khan Panhwar*
...variation deduced from first three components. The population sampled from Karachi fish harbors showed significant taxonomic variability. An eigenvalue 7.251 and canonical correlation 0.937 among four groups was appraised from PCI whereas Wilks’ Lambda test of function λ = 0.27 was significant at P <0.05. The highest variance percentage was the most correlated among the gro...
Ruobing Han, Shanshan Gui, Xunwu Zhao and Heping Li*
...etermine the genetic diversity and genetic relationship in the white-red deer population. We used ten microsatellite loci to genotype all 28 white-red deer individuals in China, and constructed a Neighbor-joining (NJ) tree based on genetic distances. In addition, genetic structure analysis was carried out. The results showed that a total of 67 alleles were detected, and the average number of alleles at each locus was 6.7. There was high genetic dive
Guo-Hai Wang1,2,3, Chuang-Bin Tang1, Yuan-Xin Yang1, Yan-Ling Huang1, Wei-Ning Tan4, Qi-Hai Zhou3* and Chang-Hu Lu2*
...ptentrionalis seeds in karst habitat. Herein, we investigated the seed removal of K. septentrionalis by rodents at different locations (beneath and away from the mother tree) using two treatments (leaf litter coverage and control) to clarify the effect of leaf litter coverage on seed survival. The average seed survival rate with leaf litter covering was substantially higher than that of the control (29.36±6.54% vs. 17.07±5.57%), as was seed survi...
Aditya Chowdhury Avi1,4*, Md Tariqul Islam1,4, Md Saiful Bari2,4, Rebeka Sultana Swapna Khandoker3, Goutam Buddha Das1
...acids, which helps broilers gain weight and improve their immunity. The current study was done with special emphasis on establishing the impact of FO on improving the feed-conversion-ratio (FCR) and decreasing the rearing cost of broilers by feeding a commercial broiler-feed. A total of 120 unsexed commercial broilers (Ross-308) were randomly assigned to...
Ibrahim Elmaghraby*, Abdel-Baset I. El-Mashad, Shawky A. Moustafa, Aziza A. Amin
...nd: Sex cord-stromal tumors of the ovary are a rare and heterogeneous group of benign and malignant neoplasms with a wide range of histological characteristics. The current study investigated ovarian sex cord-stromal tumors in dromedary camels slaughtered at Egyptian slaughterhouses between January 2019 and February 2022. The study included 180 female single-humped camels in which all data on the animal&
Khalid Mahmood1*, Arslan Lodhi1, Muhammad Asim2, Muhammad Adeeb Babar3 and Muhammad Akbar Khan1
...ic rocks of various colours: pale yellow to orange, brown, reddish-brown mudstone and subordinate lightened white grey. This formation is rich in artiodactyl faunal material, especially specimens that belonged to taxa of the family Bovidae. The specimens studied in this paper are represented by upper and lower jugal teeth. Following morphological analysis, measurements, and comparison to previously described fossils, these specimens are assessed up to species ...
Saba Yasin, Kausar Imran, Komal Mukhtar, Muhammad Amir Iqbal and Nabila Roohi*
... exposed household painters was evaluated in this study. For this purpose, 25 healthy male controls and 25 male painters were selected from Lahore, Pakistan. Unpaired Student “t” test was applied to analyse the parameters for statistical interpretation. There was significant increase in Alanine Aminotransferae (ALT), Alanine Phosphatase (ALP) and total bilirubin in painte
Ikram Ullah1, Zaib Ullah2*, Junaid Khan1, Sajid Mahmood1, Zafar Iqbal3 and Naveed Akhtar2
...y;">Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus) is facing various threats because of the human conflict in the northern mountainous areas of Pakistan. The present study was initiated to provide baseline information regarding human-black bear conflicts and their possible mitigation at Siran and Kaghan valleys of District Mansehra, from April-2018 to April 2019. A total of 100 inhabitants of various occupations were interviewed and questionnaires were filled from 32 v...
Ying Liu1,2, Ji-Yong Fang2, Na Zheng3 and Hai-Long Wu1*
...schmackeri sp. nov. differs from that of S. numidica and exhibit a few unique characteristics, including more denticles in the lip, shorter intestinal caecum, longer spicular, more caudal papillae, and pre-, ad-, and post-cloacal caudal papillae pairs in the ratio of 3: 1: 6-7. BLAST analyses of the COI sequences show 59.31% nucleotide divergence with Seuratascaris numidica (Seurat, 1917) (GenBank acc. no. MG434691 and MG434...
Sarwat Yousuf1, Shaista Emad2 , Mohammad Misbah ur Rehman3, Zehra Batool4, Sara Qadeer5, Yousra Sarfaraz1, Sheeza Sheikh1, Sana Sadaf6 and Tahira Perveen1,*
Yufang Liu1,2, Guiling Cao3, Yujing Xie3 and Mingxing Chu1*
...ergy production and conversion, and transcription process. Pathway analysis in KEGG pathway database of the known genes revealed that the five pathways that most differentially expressed genes involving: GnRH signaling pathway, oxytocin signaling pathway, melanogenesis, thyroid hormone synthesis, and insulin secretion. Online tool was used to predict the function of DEGs, the results showed that the CYP11A1 gene might regulate the GDF9 and other prolificacy-as...
Yajuan Zheng, Qiuping Mo, Hongchao Tang, Qinghui Zheng and Dandan Guan*
...arious carcinogenic factors. This study aimed to explore the role and regulatory mechanism of LGR5 in the occurrence and development of breast cancer. Fresh breast cancer case samples and normal breast cell samples were collected. Western blot was used to analyze the expression of LGR5 and (phosphorylated IQGAP1)/(IQGAP1). Construct metastatic human breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cell line knocking down LGR5. The relative expression levels of LGR5 and phosphorylated...
Abdul Zahir1*, Asad Ullah1, Muhammad Jawad1 and Syed Attaullah Shah2
...his research study, farmers’ awareness of water uses rights and their satisfaction with irrigation water distribution were assessed. For this purpose, 466 farmers were randomly selected through a multi stage stratified random sampling technique from three irrigation sections in District Malakand, District Charsadda, and District Mardan, Khyber Pakh...
Amina Rahat1, Zahin Anjum1*, Sehlina Zehra2, Fatima Umal Baneen3 and Rabia Chishti1
...tops hair fall and boost’s immune system. Based on the results of this study, it can be concluded that almost all the plant extracts showed potential antibacterial, insecticidal and antifungal activities against different. The research has focused on the potential therapeutic efficacy of AliumSativum, NigelaSativa, and Plantago Ovata in the treatment of microbial infections due to their significant antibacterial activity. Additionally, Different fraction...
Ahmad Noor and Malik Muhammad Shafi*
...fer resources and discovers climate factors responsible for groundwater decline in district Karak, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The key objectives were comparing the community perception regarding groundwater recharge and discharge over the last decade and investigating the climate change impact on groundwater table. A total of 285 households with groundwater pumping facilities were selected for study within six villages; K...
Monis Hussain Shah1*, Riaz Ur Rehman2, Riaz Ali Shah1, Farwa Batool3, Rizwan Rafique4, Muhammad Usman5, Sajida Bibi6, Sadia Yasin7 and Samida Qamar8
...mmendation to local farmers for better yield. Four tulip varieties cv. Antarctica, Oxford, Ballerina and Apeldoorn were purchased for evaluation. The 100 bulbs of each variety were planted in the bed. The performance of the plants during 2017-18 were judged by observing the bulb germination percentage, leaf width (cm), leaf length (cm), scape length (cm), flower size (mm), primary color of the flower, secondary color of flower, no. of large, medium and small s...
Skenndri Safae1*, Charrat Nadia2, Jmiai Mehdi3, Nassik Saadia1
...rds. The 18 farms were firstly categorized into three (3) groups according to their performances on a biosecurity level: P group for “poor” performances, D group for “decent” performances, and G group for “good” performances. Each farm was then sampled twice on day 11 and day 35 of the same production cycle. In order to evaluate the gut health of the broilers, we used a panel of tools and ...
Fadzlin Afiqah A. Samad2, Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi1, Muhamad Affan Ab Azid1, Hafizin Mu’izz Zalazilah1, Syakirah Zulkifli1, Izreen Edriana Mohd Jasmi1, Muhammad Baqir Irfani Rahimin Affandi1, Mohd Zamri Saad1, Md Zuki Abu Bakar1, Agung Irawan3,7, Adib Norma Respati4, Anuraga Jayanegara5,7, Sadarman Sadarman6,7, Hasliza Abu Hassim1,2,7*.
...k yield across buffaloes’ breeds in response to the increasing FC ratio (P<0.05; R2 = 0.828) and strong linear increased in response to the increasing DMI (P<0.01; R2 = 0.841). The interaction effect was found between breed of buffaloes and NDF content of the diets (P = 0.028) and between breeds with FC ratio (P = 0.016) whereas increasing NDF content linearly decreased milk fat of Murrah buffalo (P<0.05; R2 = 0.90) but did not affect other spec...
Salvator Minani1,2*, Eric Nsengiyumva1, Anatole Bigirimana1,2, Arnaud Cubahiro1,2, Dieudonné Ntakirutimana1,2 and Vénuste Bizoza1,2
...sciola spp. in their livers. The prevalence of Fasciola spp. was 13.04% (95% CI: 5.10-20.99) in cattle, 3.16% (95% CI: 0.67-5.64) in goats and 0.00% in sheep. The difference between the prevalence of Fasciola spp. in cattle and goats was statistically significant (OR= 4.60 (95% CI: 1.57-13.46), χ2 = 7.345, p = 0.007). The result of this study confirmed the presence of fascioliasis in domestic ruminants in Burundi. Further studies assessing the epidemiology...
Chairdin Dwi Nugraha1, Rafika Febriani Putri1, Ari Ardiantoro2, Wike Andre Septian1, Ahmad Furqon3, Kuswati Kuswati1, Nashi Widodo4, Suyadi Suyadi1*
... Bulls aged 3–4 years used in this research. This research used an experimental method to examine the effect of genistein levels in the diluent on the characteristics of spermatozoa during pre-freezing at 4–5 0C and post-thawing (PT). The data obtained in the form of quantitative data were analyzed descriptively and analysis of variance patterns in One-Way ANOVA. 0 µM, 10 µM, 30 µM and 50 µM genistein treatment in the basic ...
Dina A. Yousif, Mohamed M.T. Emara, Marwa R.S. Abdallah*
...strumental color parameters, and sensory analysis. The use of both extracts improved the overall sensory attributes, eliminated the unfavorable mutton flavor, improved the fatty acid composition, and produced a more stable color with a higher tenderness score. It has been concluded that the aqueous extracts of Mentha piperitae folium and Zingiber officinale can be utilized to improve the quality of old-aged mutton and facilitate its use in further processed me...
Eliseo Pelagio Fernández Ruelas1, Ali William Canaza-Cayo2,3*, Francisco Halley Rodriguez Huanca1, Uri Harold Perez Guerra1, Roxana Churata-Huacani3, Tales Jesus Fernandes3, Ysabel Mendoza Aguilar1
...al on productive parameters and egg quality characteristics of Hy Line Brown laying hens. Laying hens were offered 0%, 2.5% or 4.5% MOL supplemented feeds, using a completely randomized design with three treatments and 12 replications with five hens each. Laying hens were randomly divided into three groups: Control: no addition of Moringa oleifera leaves, MOL2.5: diets with 2.5% MOL; and MOL4.5: diets with 4.5% MOL. The results showed a significant effect (P&l...
Antonius Agung Wiono1, Maria Elizabeth Nana Wijayanti1, Dhika Yonika Primacitra1, Trioso Purnawarman2, Andriyanto3, Aulia Andi Mustika3, Amaq Fadholly3*
...red in different parameters including early – weekly - final body weight, feed consumption ratio (FCR). Each group were also evaluated through hematology and biochemical analysis. Results: PyhtoceeTM dose 200 g/ton of feed had higher final weight and body weight gain with lower FCR, increase the valuesof RBC, HTC, lymphocytes, HDL and lowest mortality ratesamong the groups. While, the triglycerides, cholesterol, LDL and cortisolvalues were lower compared...
You-Ming Teng, Wen-Zhou Liu and Li Yang*
...diac hypertrophy and reverse abnormal myocardial glucolipid metabolism is still unknown. We conducted this experiment to explore the influence of pioglitazone on cardiac hypertrophy in rats. Rats with cardiac hypertrophy induced by renovascular hypertension were given a gavage of pioglitazone 5–10 mg/kg for 4 weeks. Our crew determined systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). Heart mass index (HMI), left ventricular mass index (L...
Yanping Li, Fei Xu, Yongming Wang*, Yunyun Lv, Jinrong Shi, Biwen Xie, Wenyao Cai and Dian Liu
... populations. Here, we firstly carried out artificial breeding of S. superciliaris and S. reevesae, and hybrid combinations were designed as S. superciliaris ♀ × S. reevesae ♂, and S. superciliaris ♂ × S. reevesae ♀. Secondly, 19 microsatellite loci were used to evaluate genetic diversity between hybrid offspring and their parents. The mean polymorphic information content (PIC) among groups ranged from 0....
Luigi Liotta1, Vincenzo Lopreiato1, Fariborz Asroosh2 and Alireza Seidavi2*
... and fat in Talesh sheep’s milk was higher than milk from other species/breeds (P<0.01). Also, the amount of protein in Talesh sheep’s milk was significantly higher (P<0.05) than all animals tested with the exception of Talesh buffalo milk. The pH of Saanen goat’s milk was higher than the pH of milk from all other species/breeds (P<0.01), whereas the pH of milk f...
Ying Guan1,2, Puqing Song2, Xing Miao2, Hai Li2, Rui Wang2, Liangming Wang3, Yuan Li2* and Longshan Lin2*
...han Bay and adjacent waters was investigated. A total of 114 species of fish were caught in surveys throughout the year. According to their feeding habits, the fish species in the surveyed area were classified into six functional groups, including planktivores (FG1), planktivores/benthivores (FG2), benthivores (FG3), benthivores/piscivores (FG4), piscivores (FG5), and omnivores (FG6). FG3 was the most diverse group, with 43 ...
Daud Khan1, Naila Chand1, Muhammad Saeed2, Muhammad Tahir3, Alam Zeb4 and Rifat Ullah Khan5*
...tinal histology of broilers under E. coli infection. A total of 800 broilers were assigned to 5 experimental groups: Negative control (birds fed a basal diet and not challenged), positive control (birds fed a basal diet and orally challenged with E. coli O157 H7 at the rate of 1 × 109 CFU/ml; positive control), infected + enrofloxacin, infected + silver nitrate at the rate of 100 mg/kg (SN100) and infected + silver nit...
Xiaoyan Yang1* and Xiuli Xu2
...e to changes in the body’s defense system. The present study was performed to evaluate influenza-like virus effects in adults. This case-control study was performed on 50 patients admitted to the Third Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine during the autumn and winter seasons with myocardial infarction and 50 patients as controls. History, tests, and clinical examinations in both group...
Ayesha Anwar, Sadia Aslam and Nauman Khalid*
...ined for sensory parameters of patties containing linseed oil emulsions. ...
Asifa Hameed1*, Haider Karar2, Abdul Ghaffar1, Abid Hameed Khan1, Muhammad Mubashir1 and Ghulam Mustafa1
...Institute, Multan to understand the role of insects’ in successful pollination and fruit setting in Southern Punjab-Pakistan. The experiment consisted of three varieties (Sindhri, Retaul No.12, and SB Chaunsa) and two treatments (netted and open trees). The netted trees of each variety were covered with mosquito net before initiation of flowering, while the open trees of the same varieties were not covered with net. Ov...
Muhammad Aijaz1, Nasir Mahmood2, Ghulam Mujtaba3 and Imran Riaz Malik1*
...status are the risk factors for the onset of breast cancer in the Pakistani population. Molecular analysis of the human IL-10 gene revealed that the prevalence of homozygous normal GG allele was 19%, heterozygous GA was 29% and homozygous mutant AA was 52% in breast cancer patients. However, in healthy individuals, GG allele was found in 70%, GA in 20%, and AA in 10% population. These findings proposed that the IL-10 gene (AA polymorphism) at the -1082 positio...
Mahroze Fatima1*, Syed Zakir Hussain Shah2, Muhammad Afzal3, Muhammad Bilal4 and Ayesha Khizar1
Muhammad Rizwan1, Hamid Akbar1*, Aftab Ahmad Anjum1, Muhammad Arif Khan1, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Abid Hayat3, Anjum Masood4, Muhammad Talha Sajjad1 and Nadeem Raza2
...nd hematological parameters were measured by authenticated standard methods. We observed that serum levels of MDA and BHBA were higher at day 0 to day 14 (P<0.01), while the level of nonesterified fatty acid (NEFA) was higher at day 0 to day 7 (P<0.01) which dropped down to normal at day 21 (P>0.05) post-surgery in Group-B than Group-A. Moreover, CAT level in serum decreased (P<0.01) at day 0 to day 7, then it gradually increased to normal on day 1...
Trinil Susilawati1*, Aulia Puspita Anugra Yekti1, Amir Firdaus2, Dinda Ayu Damayanti2, Rizki Prafitri1, Nanang Febrianto1, Kuswati1, Achadiah Rachmawati1, Sri Wahjuningsih1, Nurul Isnaini1
...y caused by repeat breeders, which were 28.75% on T1 and T2. It consists of 95.65% and 87.5% of normal ovaries, Corpus luteum persistent at 4.35% and 8.34%, and ovarian hypo function at 0% and 4.16% in T1 and T2, respectively. In conclusion, Artificial Insemination using the double doses method did not significantly improve the pregnancy rate of dairy cows. ...
Dalia M. Amin1*, Noha Mohammed Halloull1, Walaa E. Omar2, Basma A. Ibrahim2, Nahla M. Ibrahim1
...ts of adenine on the rat’s kidneys. Methods: Forty animals were divided into four groups: Control group: received normal vehicle, adenine group: received orally (50 mg/kg/day) that is subdivided into 3 groups: adenine group, garcinia cambogia (GC) group: received orally GC (200 mg/kg/day)+adenine, and erlotinib (E) group: received 80 mg/kg/day + adenine. Antioxidant biomarkers a...
Siswanto Imam Santoso*, Agus Setiadi, Wahyu Dyah Prastiwi
...a. Two hundred duck farmers in Brebes Regency were randomly selected as research respondents. Brebes is the duck production center of Indonesia. Approximately 80% of duck egg production originates in this area. The variables utilized include socioeconomic characteristics of duck farmers, social variables, age, education, medicinal seeds, feed, dried-cooked rice, trash fish, processing, business pattern, marketing, technology...
Aneela Ahmed Tagar1*, Mahvish J. Channa2, Kanwal Ahmed Tagar3 and Kaka Kainat4
...ms to detect the indicators of post-COVID -19 infections among survivors through biomarkers and to assess the impacts of post infections on human health including the malnutrition and mental health of patients. The study was conducted in the civil hospital Hyderabad and LUMHS Jamshoro. A total number of 65 post-COVID-19 patients were selected for the study with negative RT PCR tests. A que...
Muhammad Salman Ikram1, Tahir Mehmood1,2*, Sehrish Firyal3, Huma Sattar4, Shagufta Saeed3, Fareeha Nadeem3 and Muhammad Imran Mahmood Khan5
... Human Y-chromosome markers are extensively used for DNA analysis of such cases with limited information of autosomal DNA profiling, difficult to obtain data or identification has to be made from Y-chromosome markers. This review describes the uniqueness of structure and relative position of Y-STRs loci, history of Y- chromosome, role of genetic markers like Y- Short tandem repeat (Y-STR) ...
Samin Ullah1, Huma Rizwana1, Abdul Kabir1,2*, Atique Ahmed Behan1, Muhammad Naeem1, Ghulam Shabbir Barham1, Abdul Hafeez Bukero1, Anees ur Rahman1, Naseeb Ullah1 and Shafiq ur Rahman Shah1
... given 3, 3.5, and 4 liters of colostrum, respectively, within 30 minutes of birth. After the colostrum feeding, the calves were fed a calf starter ration and milk for 55 days. The study found that the group C calves, which received 4 liters of colostrum, had higher body weight, average daily weight gain, and total weight gain than groups A and B. Additionally, the total feed intake, average daily feed intake, total serum pr...
Mehwish Malik1*, Zanib Sadia2, Muhammad Sajid3, Hammidullah1, Yasir Amin1, Zubair Ali1 and Sohail Ahmad1
...conomic loss to the farmers and consumers and many other workers related to this industry. The aim of this study was to isolate the E. coli from slaughtered chicken of open poultry markets and to check that how much the Cephalosporins are resistance to ESBL E. coli in Abbottabad region. E. coli is isolated through General microbe’s culture methods ...
Desi Kurniati Agustina1,3, Suyadi Suyadi2*, Veronica Margaretha Ani Nugiartiningsih2, Kuswati Kuswati2
... to provide a better understanding of the condition of livestock raised by the community. Blood samples were obtained from 60 heads of Madura and Limura (Limousine x Madura) cattle, which were differentiated by sex and age. Blood samples were collected into tubes and immediately stored in a cold box at approximately 4°C. Data analysis was conducted at the Veterinary Clinical Pathology Laboratory, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Airlangga Unive
Isatay Tusupovich Jakupov, Gulzhan Tursunovna Yeszhanova, Gulnur Kurbanalievna Mamytbekova*
...as observed within 24 hours in animals with 10%, 20%, 40% content of C. leucocladum. Studies of the antimicrobial properties of C. leucocladum extract with 10%, 20%, 40% concentrations, suppositories containing 20% and 40% of C. leucocladum showed antimicrobial activity against E. coli, St. aureus. C. leucocladum shows the highest antimicrobial activity at 40% concentration of 18±0.1. C. leucocladum has a high antiradical activity. The study of the ther...
Roy Malindo1, Hosea Abdiel Duto Wicaksono2, Maskur2, Anuraga Jayanegara3, Osfar Sjofjan4, Siti Chuzaemi4*
... were analysed using Powersim Academic version 10. The dynamic modelling consisted of three sub-models, i.e., cattle population, forage production, and concentrate supplementation. The model predicted that the level of feed supply would increase as forage production was increased the cattle population was reduced and although concentrate supplementation was decreased. The simulations of three scenarios revealed that a combin...
Muhammad Hasnain1*, Muhammad Hussnain Babar1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Kashif Nadeem2, Sajid Nadeem3, Muhammad Akram4, Ali Raza4, Mussurrat Hussain5, Qaisar Abbas5 and Muhammad Shahid4
...er 3, 5, and 7 days of first spray, respectively. Similarly, after second spray, hexythiazon 10% WP (Nissorun) again gave maximum reduction (i.e., 41.65, 39.33 and 16.40%) of T. urticae at 3, 5 and 7 days, respectively. ...
Altaf Ur Rahman1, Muhammad Ajmal Khan2*, Ali Hazrat3, Awais Farid4, Muhammad Yahya3* and Inam Ullah5
Abdullah*, Imtiaz Khan, Muhammad Ishfaq Khan, Muhammad Ibrahim and Muhammad Fawad
...determine the major factors influencing chickpea productivity. Weeds may be one of the main causes of low productivity in Pakistan. In order to highlight the most significant and challenging weeds of the chickpea crop in the southern regions of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, during the Rabi season 2022. Five chickpea growing regions were selected in chickpea growing area of district Karak. The quadrate method was used to determine the relative weed density. The...
Abdur Rauf1*, Muhammad Jawad1, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Muhammad Yasin4, Samrin Gul5, Wisal Khan3, Ikramullah Khan1, Farkhanda Bibi1, Wajid Khan6, Tanweer Kumar6, Muhammad Arif6 and Khilwat Afridi7
...affected by various factors including genotype and planting time. An experiment was conducted to study the yield performance of 10 different wheat advanced genotypes (PR-133, PR-135, PR-136, PR-137, PR-138, PR-139, PR-140, Khaista-17, Gulzar-19 and Pirsabak-19) at different sowing times of 15-days interval. A pooled analysis across the same environment revealed a significant difference (P ≥ 0.01) for all the paramete
Shujaullah Khan1, Zahid Hussain1*, Haroon Khan1 and Omer Suha Uslu2
... in the Farm of the University of Agriculture Peshawar, in the wheat growing season of 2020-21. A Randomized Complete Block design (RCBD) was used for the layout of the experiment, keeping four replications. The experiment consisted of six different treatments including three herbicides viz. Cut Out 40 EC (bromoxynil+MCPA) @ 500 ml ha-1 as a broad leaf weeds killer, Fenoxaprop-p-ethyl 6.9% EW (fenoxaprop-p-ethyl) as a grassy weeds killer applied @ 500 ml ha-1,...
Abdur Rauf1*, Muhammad Sadiq1, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Wisal Khan3, Ikramullah Khan1, Khilwat Afridi4, Muhammad Shuaib5, Muhammad Khalid6 and Samrin Gul7
...earch Institute (CCRI) Pirsabak, Nowshera, Pakistan. A total of sixteen genotypes i.e., eight exotic and eight local germplasms were sown in a three-replication randomized complete block design. The different parameters were recorded including days to heading, flag leaf area, plant height, tillers per plant, spike length, spikelets per spike, grain yield per plant, biological yield per pla...
Umer Farooq1,2, Nimra Murtaza2, Abubakar Siddique1, Bilal Saleem1, Obaid Ur Rehman1, Nageen Zahra1, Muhammad Uzair1, Muhammad Naeem Riaz1,3* and Muhammad Ramzan Khan1*
...possibly disrupt protein’s structure and function, as well as lead to genetic disease. We performed genome wide reference-based sequence alignment and functional annotation to identify deleterious non-synonymous SNPs (nsSNPs) in cattle breeds of Pakistan. For this purpose, genomic data of four different purpose cattle breeds including Bhagnari, Cholistani, Sahiwal and Red Sindhi was analyzed. Comparison with taurine reference genome A
Zaki Al-Hasawi1* and Reda Hassanine2
...serious concern, and adversely affect the fish health. Herein, 44 specimens of the fish Lethrinus harak were trapped in the Red Sea, Saudi Arabia, from a severely polluted site. Another 32 specimens of this fish were trapped from an unpolluted site (reference site). Our results revealed that Co, Cd and Pb were undetectable in water, sediment and fish liver samples from the unpolluted site, while their corresponding concentrations were significantly high in the...
Zaki Al-Hasawi1* and Reda Hassanine2
...serious concern, and adversely affect the fish health. Herein, 44 specimens of the fish Lethrinus harak were trapped in the Red Sea, Saudi Arabia, from a severely polluted site. Another 32 specimens of this fish were trapped from an unpolluted site (reference site). Our results revealed that Co, Cd and Pb were undetectable in water, sediment and fish liver samples from the unpolluted site, while their corresponding concentrations were significantly high in the...
Shazia Rasheed1,*, Ehsan Ullah Mengal1, Robina Manzoor2 and Azra Bano1
Dede Kardaya*, Deden Sudrajat, Dewi Wahyuni
...olite (UZ) and Indonesia’s natural zeolite (Z) were examined using 24 heads of seven-eight months old of local male lambs (20.12 ± 2.1 kg BW) allotted to four treatments in a randomized group design to determine how it affects lamb performances. The treatments were rations containing no urea (NU), urea (U), zeolite (Z), and urea-impregnated zeolite (UZ). Zeolite or urea-impregnated zeolite inclusion into field grass-based diets of lamb maintained ...
Rizki Palupi*, Arfan Abrar, Fitri Nova Liya Lubis, Yuni Kurniati, Bianca Ikriza Octa Nadia Putri
...mbination of cassava tubers and indigofera leaves (CCI) at a level of 10% could be used in broiler production without deteriorating the health of birds. ...
Malik F.H. Ferdosi1*, Arshad Javaid2, Iqra Haider Khan2 and Muhammad Kaleem Naseem1
...9.69%), cyclohexane, 1,1’-(2-propyl-1,3-propanediyl)bis-(8.81%), hexadecane-1,2-diol (6.34%), pentadecanoic acid, 14-methyl-, methyl ester (5.76%), methyl linolenate (5.38%), octadecanoic acid (4.04%), methyl (Z)-5,11,14,17-eicosatetraenoate (3.56%), methyl linoleate (4.38%), and linoleic acid (2.94%). These compounds possess various biological activities as reported in the previous literature.
...
Komal Javed1, Sohaib Muhammad1*, Zarghaam Khan1, Sehar Fatima1, Hassan Nawaz1, Mahrukh1, Tahira Khalid1 and Shariat Ullah2
...fteen days during the course of crop. For the determination of Importance Value Index (IVI) percentage frequency, density and percentage cover were determined. A total of 19 families were present in all three crops. Fumaria indica of Family Papaveraceae had the highest IVI value of 12.14 while Persicaria longiseta of Family Polygonaceae had the lowest IVI value of 1.13. Poaceae was the largest family representing 11 species,...
Arshad Javaid1*, Iqra Haider Khan1, Malik F. H. Ferdosi2, Aneela Anwar3 and Mujahid Manzoor4
...ical profile of its flowers. In the present study, flower extract of this plant was analyzed by GC-MS in search of identification of medicinally important constituents. The dried and crushed material of flowers was extracted in analytical grade methanol for one week and after filtration, it was subjected to GC-MS analysis. Major compounds in the flower extract were germacrene D (12.44%), n-hexadecanoic acid (12.15%), and car...
Farheen Shafique1, Shaukat Ali2*, Mahreen ul Hassan3, Saiqa Andleeb1
...d to quantify the public’s awareness, attitude, perception and prevention among the population of Azad Jammu and Kashmir. A descriptive cross-sectional was conducted from Mar-Sep 2021. Participants were selected through random sampling and questioned face to face using a predesigned, pretested questionnaire. The first portion of the questionnaire enquired about basic demographic data; the second half evaluated the part...
Saqib Ali Rustam1, Shoaib Sultan Afridi2, Muhammad Inamullah Malik1*, Shakeeb Ullah1, Syed Muhammad Kamal Shah1, Faiqah Ramzan1, Arsalan Khan3, Israr ud Din3, Wasimullah3, Hafiz Ahmad Raza4
...ugar beet pulp feeding versus simple in different concentration on weight gain of Bulkhi breed’s lambs were carried out. The trials were done on 12 lambs of age under 24-30 weeks and also have weight about 30 ±1.5kg. Lambs were grouped as A, B, C and D and each group contained 3 lambs. Groups were fed by four rations as ration containing 4% urea, 2% urea treatment, only sugar beet pulp, and control ration, respe...
Salman Ahmad1*, Muhammad Asim1, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed2, Muhammad Atiq3, Yasir Ali4, Hafiz Bashir Ahmad5, Malik Abdul Rehman6 and Naeem Akhtar7
...v. musambi) and feutrell’s early (Citrus reticulate cv. feutrell’s early) orchards was conducted in tehsil Sargodha during 2017 and 2018. Correlation and regression analysis were used to determine the relationship of ACP with CG, and the relationship of environmental factors with ACP. Surveys were conducted to record the incidence of CG and estimate the yield losses caused by i...
Sarfraz Ahmad1, Mian Anjum Murtaza1,* and Kashif Akram1,2
...is of functional parameters, cheese samples with inulin @ 0.4% and resistant starch @ 1.0% exhibited the best results. Hence, it was concluded that the addition of inulin @ 0.4% and/or resistant starch @ 1.0% as fat replacers revealed the exceptional prospects to produce low fat Mozzarella cheese without much compromising the quality and functionality.
Novelty...
Abiyu Tadele 1,2*, Gebreyohannes Berhane2, Wondmeneh Esatu3
...are essential for consumers and chicken husbandry, helping them to anticipate yield, market, and exploitation of the genotypes in future breeding plans. The main ecotypes in Southwest Ethiopia are the indigenous naked-neck and normal-feathered chicken genotypes, and the exotic Tetra H, a dual-purpose genotype that was imported from Hungary. Data were collected from 168 hens of the three genotypes kept under intensive management for 20 weeks. The Tetra H genoty...
Supawadee Piratae1*, Noraphat Khiewkham2, Nattawut Maungmungkun2, Chanakan Tippornwong2, Tossapol Seerintra2, Sirikanda Thanasuwan3, Luyen Thi Phung4
...n the blood and have adverse health effects in animals, especially dogs and other canids. PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene was performed to determine the prevalence of ehrlichiosis and anaplasmosis in 127 dogs collected from Rayong province, Thailand. To confirm the identification of these two pathogens, PCR was performed to detect the citrate synthase (gltA) gene followed by sequencing. In addition, the haematological responses of dogs infected with E. canis a...
Chitra Kumalasari1,2, Lovita Adriani2*, Indrawati Yudha Asmara3, Nazri Nayan4
...sented in this study offers pertinent insights and theoretical frameworks for enhancing productivity in aging hens, particularly for individuals engaged in small-scale farming. ...
Atef M. El-Sagheer1*, Aline F. Barros2, El-Sayed M. Abd El-Aal3, Mohamed M. Gad4, Doaa S. Mahmoud4 and Amr M. El-Marzoky3
...ding site, and for the first time, the feeding site extended to the vascular cylinder. In roots infested with M. incognita only, the laceration of the feeding site in the inner cortical tissue and spread to the vascular cylinder were selected as the initial feeding site, as shown. Multinucleate cells, giant cells, and thickening of cell walls were also associated with this penetration. The cytoplasmic globules as phenolic and lignified structures were shown to...
Ahmed El-Sayed Ismail
...stify;">Four biotic factors respecting the corn plant affect the virulence of the corn cyst nematode, Heterodera zeae such as corn genotype, corn age, corn nutritional status, and cropping sequence regime. For the first factor, when two local corn cultivars, namely, Giza 2 (susceptible) and Kahera 1 (resistant), were subjected to the infection by H. zeae to determine the biotic effect of t...
Sumbul Zulfiqar and A.G. Rizwana*
...n parasitology lab, University of Karachi. Ovaries were inspected to observe presence of Philometra sp. and other parasites too. In a year, from February 2021 till January 2022, 120 samples of Pomadasys maculatus (Bloch, 1793) were examined out of which only 25 fishes were found to be infected. From Pomadasys maculatus (Bloch, 1793) two new gonad infectingPhilometra sp. were identified as Philometra pakistanii and Philometra maculati. ...
Vui Van Nguyen1, Samorn Ponchunchoovong2, Sajeera Kupittayanant3, Pakanit Kupittayanant2*
...r sperm motility parameters, and by confocal laser scanning microscope for sperm membrane integrity parameters. Sperm lipid peroxidation was also analysed through malondialdehyde production. The study found that there was a gradual decrease in all sperm quality indicators of all the treatments during 12 days of storage. In addition, the chilled sperm motility paramete...
Yuliaty*, Brigida A. Correia, LigiaT. Correia, Joao Americo, Mateus Da Cruz De Carvalho, Joana da C. Freitas
...D) factorial with 2 factors: Factor A was FOF consisting of 0 (A0), 6000(A1), 7000(A2), 9000(A3) kg/ha. The second factor was distance planting consisting of B1 (50x25), B2 (60x25), B3 (70x25), B4 (80x25) cm; there was 3 replications. The observed variables were: total leaves, height plant, biomass and seed production of sorghum. The results showed that the highest total leaves at A3 (72,87 leaves/plant) and significantly different (P<0,05) to A0, A1 A2. T...
Farooq Jan1*, Abdur Rauf1, Ikramullah Khan1, Muhammad Yasin2, Muhammad Qayash3, Hazrat Wali1, Muhammad Luqman1, Fayaz Asad4 and Muhammad Khalid5
...find meteorological factors affecting pollen concentration in Islamabad. For this purpose, three years data (2009-2011) of pollen concentration and meteorological parameters have been used. Pollen concentration in the atmosphere has been measured using RotoRod sampler. Many plants pollen are allergenic that cause different types of allergenic diseases globally. Pakistan also faces the prob...
Farha Deba1, Rubina Nelofer2 and Muhammad Irfan1*
...tion utilizing raw feathers as a substrate for keratinase production. On skimmed milk agar plates with streaked pure culture growth patterns, these seven strains gave a positive appearance of sizable dramatic zones around the growth patterns. These seven strains such as Bacillus velezensis FD1, Bacillus cereus FD2, Bacillus subtilis FD3, Bacillus altitudinis FD4, Bacillus licheniformis FD5, Bacillus flexus FD6 and Alcaligenes sp. FD7 were verified by the molec...
Selvaraj Thanga Malathi¹, Venkatraman Anuradha1*, Mohamed Yacoob Syed Ali2, Muhameed Sajjad Sarwar3, Nagarajan Yogananth2
...ium etc.,) pollution alters the thyroid hormone secretion not only in human beings; but also affects the aquatic species such as fish. Low or nil secretion of thyroid hormone will leads to metabolic stress that in turn breakdown the basic metabolic processes that eventually ends in disturbing the marine ecosystem. The current research work deals with observed alteration in the thyroid metabolism (causes hypothyroidism) and morphological (histology) changes occ...
Yoshio Hamano1*, Yasuji Kurimoto2
... increased the feed conversion rates and decreased feed intakes, respectively. However, breast muscle and abdominal fat weights remained constant. No significant interaction between LIP and AWP was detected in the free amino or fatty acid profiles in the ante- and post-mortem breast muscles. AWP reduced total and glucogenic free amino acid concentrations in antemortem breast muscle. LIP decreased total fatty acid concentrations and monounsaturated fatty acid c...
Muhammad Shoaib Azeem1, Hafiz Qadeer Ahmed2,3*, Adil Shahzad2,4, Umar Farooq2,5, Ghayyoor Ahmad6, Muhammad Yaqoob3, Jamal Nasir1
...ed aspect of the country’s meat industry and provides valuable insights for the future development of the sector.
...
Zia Gul1, Muhammad Sajid1, Muhammad Noman Khan1*, Faheem ul Haq1, Zohra Nawaz1, Muhammad Bakhtiar2, Sajid Siddique1, Komal Aslam3 and Muhammad Irshad1
...ried out at Ornamental Nursery, Department of Horticulture during the year 2014. The experiment was consisted of two factors, Factor A was irrigation intervals I1 =15 days, I2 =30 days and I3=45 days interval which was assigned to main plots, while Factor B was organic manures (control as O1, Leaf compost (LC) as O2, Poultry manure (PM) as O3 and Mushroom compost (MC) O4) which was assigned to sub plots and each were applied...
Akbar Hayat1*, Muhammad Asim1*, Tehseen Ashraf2, Ehsan-Ul-Haque1, Rabia Zulifqar2, Maryam Nasir3, Ahmed Raza1, Fahim Khadija1, Sohaib Afzal1 and Shafqat Ali1
...vigorous plants in the nursery. The trial was designed with seven treatment combinations of growing substrates that was five times repeated for each treatment in Completely Randomized Design (CRD). The rough lemon rootstock was tested for growth with all different types of media as T1 = Soil + silt + sand (2:1:1), T2 = Rice husk + sand + soil (2:1:1), T3 = Bagass + sand + soil (2:1:1), T4 = Wheat straw + sand + soil (2:1:1), T5 = Rice husk + sand + soil (1:1:2...
Kazi Afsana Homayra Orchy1, Mst. Antora Akter1, Nelema Yesmin1, Md. Moshiur Rahman Khan1, Marzia Rahman2, Md. Mahmudul Alam1*
... kidney function biomarkers (creatinine, BUN) showed a significant increase in burn patients of the saline-treated control animals, whereas, the animals treated with hPRP exhibited the normal range of these functional biomarkers. On the basis of morphology, histopathology, and biochemical analysis, it can be concluded that PRP, irrelevant of source improves and accelerates the burn wound healing with no adve
Walaa I. Mohameden1, Haidy G. Abdel-Rahman2, Ibrahim M. Hegab3*
...on health, blood parameters, skin, and behavioral repertoire, and to record the association influencing animals before, during and after minerals supplementation. Twenty buffalo calves suffering from skin lesions were enrolled in this study and the diet was supplemented with mineral mixture for 60 days. Skin conditions and behavioral modifications were monitored alongside blood and plasma samples were harvested at days 0, 30, and 60 of the study for hematologi...
Ayoub Hadjeb1,2*, Ismahane Lebbouz3 and Yasmine Adjami4
...ficiency of biomass conversion of digested food (ECD) and ingested food conversion efficiency (ICE) in Ghars and approximate digestibility (AD) in Mech Degla. The calculation of gravimetric index (nutritional) consumption and utilization of food showed a very highly significant difference (RRI,RGR, ECD and ICE: P <0.0001; AD: P <0.0004) between larvae fed by the dates of the three va...
Amna Mushtaq, Asia Bibi* and Nahid Kausar
...vs. 6.7%), eating disorders (18.1% vs. 1.3%), marital maladjustment (27.5% vs. 5.3%), poor quality of life (35.3% vs. 3.3%) and migraine (55.4% vs. 10.7%) was significantly high in PCOS women as compared to controls (p<0.001). Infertility was significantly linked to psychotic implications and PCOS female (p<0.001). So, infertile PCOS patients were more depressed and anxious as compared to fertile. Infertility, especially primary infertility represents a ...
Li Qiao*, Shubao Geng, Shibao Guo, Hongmin Liu, Jian Yin and Quan Zhang
Lianci He1, Dingxi Bai2, Chenxi Wu2, Yizhu Zhong2, Shi Chen2, Xinru Bao2, Jing Gao2*, Chaoming Hou2*
...pression of related factors. To reveal the relevant signal transduction mechanism in the treatment of CFS. Seventy two male SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups with 12 rats in each group. Namely: control group (CON), low dose Shenxian Congee group (SXC-L), medium dose Shenxian Congee group (SXC-M), high dose Shenxian Congee group (SXC-M), fluoxetine hydrochloride group (influenza group, FLU) and chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) group. In addition to the ...
Muhammad Ashfaq ur Rahman1*, Saleem Khan1, Aurang Zeb2, Zia ud Din1 and Zafar Iqbal3
...x (BMI), and sputum conversion (SC) in TB patients in Pakistan. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the Baghdada TB Center, Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. The study comprised 100 newly diagnosed TB patients who had tested positive for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Participants underwent TB therapy in accordance with the WHO recommendations. The variables measured included weight, height, BMI, body fat, albumin and sputum test. Subjects with B...
Maryam Beheshti1, Mohammad Reza Taheriyan2*, Sikander Shahzad3, Memoona Siddique4, He Tianwei5, Muhammad Farooq5*, Huzaifa Kashif6 and Naila Ilyas7*
...s on their blood parameters. Blood tests were used to investigate these parameters. Based on the results, all three oils-hemp, soybean, and palm-had the same refractive index (1.46) and showed no statistically significant different (P<0.05). Palm oil had a saponification index of 202 mg/g and a peroxide time of 5.8 hours compared to hemp and soybean oil. The greatest ionic index was fou...
Jie Wang1, Di Fang1, Jianqing Zhao1, Fei Huang2, Bo Liu2, Weikun Tao2, Baoshan Cui2 and Qinghua Gao1,2,3*
...y;">Over the past few years, transcriptome sequencing has been applied to livestock and poultry, helping to select and investigate candidate genes associated with important traits. Yet, so far, only a few studies have reported differences in single-cell transcriptome between bovine embryos of different genders. In this study, we performed transcriptome analysis of cattle embryos based on a single Cell RNA-Seq. Bovine sex-con...
Muhammad Ali1*, Rukhsana Perveen2, Khalil Ahmed3, Ghulam Raza1, Muhammad Akbar1, Maisoor Ahmed Nafees3 and Muhammad Ayub4
... taxonomically for the first time from Sindh Province of Pakistan. This may be a unique contribution to the genus Rodolia with the description of this species on the basis of important diagnostic characters including male and female genitalia. It is an important predator of scale insect pest, Icerya aegyptiaca (Douglas, 1890) which is dangerous insect pest upon different fruit trees including date palm, mango, mulberry and o...
Qi Liu1,2, Weiyuan Li2,3, Qi Zhang2,3, Ziwei Wang2,3, Rui Gao1,2, Wenlei Liu1,2, Lei Zhang1,2, Ying Liu1,2, Tao Tian2,3 and Hongwei Yan2,3*
...pulations across five years. A set of 13 microsatellite markers were used to evaluate genetic patterns across 2015, 2016 and 2019. We observed a significant Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium across all stocks. The inbreeding coefficient (Fis) was positive (0.121–0.131) for all stocks. A loss of genetic diversity was detected in the 2019 stock and significant differences were observed for...
Xiangjie Zhao1, Zheshi Kuang2, Jiyuan Yang2, Muhammad Bilal1 and Rongling Yang1*
...erum biochemical parameters, and meat quality of Lingnan yellow broiler chickens. Lingnan yellow broilers were randomly categorized into 4 groups. The control group was fed with basal diet containing 3% fishmeal, and the treatment group 1, 2, and 3 were fed basal diet with 30%, 60%, and 100% fishmeal substituted with fermented silkworm pupae (FSP), respectively. Broilers were fed the treat...
Yingying Ye1, Chengrui Yan1, Kaida Xu2, Jiji Li1, Jing Miao1, Zhenming Lü1 and Baoying Guo1*
...study, we developed primers for nine microsatellite loci resulting from an enrichment process based on the Wenzhou population. Eight out of nine microsatellite loci were used to analyze population genetic diversity of cuttlefish in China Sea. The results showed high levels of genetic diversity in all populations with highest mean number of alleles and mean effective alleles estimated in po...
Alisher Safarov1*, Nasreen Nasreen4, Firuza Akramova5, Shukhrat Djabbarov1, Adolat Mirzaeva5, Javokhir Esonboev5, Djalaliddin Azimov5, Mourad Ben Said2,3
...host, breed, species diversity, age, and seasonal infestation rate, were recorded and analyzed. This research represents the first investigation of ectoparasites in carnivorous mammals in Uzbekistan and encompassed 12 regions (Andijan, Namangan, Fergana, Samarkand, Jizzakh, Syrdarya, Bukhara, Kashkadarya, Surkhandarya, Navoi, Khorezm, and Tashkent regions). Results: The study identified a total of 23 ectoparasite species bel...
Kinza Javed1, Muhammad Ali1, Waqas Farooq2, Majeeda Rasheed1*, Farkhanda Yasmin3, Samiya Rehman3, Sadaf ul Hira1 and Jawad Ali3
...one. To control the dispersal of LSDV, infected animals should be quarantined, restricted its movement and place them in a place of no entry of vectors, arthropods. The recent review investigated new knowledge on several facets of the disorder, including its distribution, transmission, origin, pathophysiology, host vulnerability, diagnosis, preventiand therapeutic approaches. Lumpy skin disease virus belongs to Poxviri...
Amirul Faiz Mohd Azmi1,4, Hafandi Ahmad1, Norhariani Mohd Nor1, Goh Yong Meng1, Mohd Zamri Saad2, Md Zuki Abu Bakar1, Norafizah Abdul Rahman5,6, Agung Irawan7,9, Anuraga Jayanegara8,9, Hasliza Abu Hassim1,3,9*
...ed as rumen contents donors. The in-vitro ruminal fermentation and microbial population profiles were investigated. The study revealed that Diet C had the highest ether extract and gross energy, with optimum value of crude proteins but low in crude fiber compared to diets B and A. Total volatile fatty acids (TVFA) and their molars proportion, gas production, total fatty acids, total bacteria count, and total protozoa count i...
Luthfiralda Sjahfirdi1*, Zulfi Atsiil Suandhy1, Tatang Mitra Setia2
...sonably dense canopy refers preferred trees that serve as nesting sites, those are bambang tree (Lithocarpus sp.) with a tree circumference of 3 m and kempilik tree (Quercus sp.) 2.46 m and often reuse or rebuild old nests. Our results showed that both orangutans had moderate predicate nest-building skills, with a percentage of 68.06% for Moni and 63.89% for Terra. Nonparametric Mann-Whitney U statistical tests, (α = 0.05; p = 0.415) showed that the nest...
Vui Van Nguyen1, Samorn Ponchunchoovong2, Sajeera Kupittayanant3, Pakanit Kupittayanant2*
...stress, leading researchers to investigate the impact of incorporating essential oils derived from Ocimum gratissimum leaves in order to prolong the viability of chilled dog sperm. The sperm’s characteristics were assessed using an automated sperm analyzer and a confocal microscope to analyze motility and membrane properties, respectively. Additionally, malondialdehyde production was measured to evaluate lipid peroxida...
Abdul Hadi, Muhammad Rais*, Ifrah Muddassir, Abdullah Tasib, Maria Zafar and Sumbul Gill
... Pakistan. The park harbors a good assemblage of birds. As many as 12,295 individuals of 83 species (12 orders, 38 families) were recorded from the National Park. The hiking trails (74 species, 5219 individuals) were found to be more diverse followed by undisturbed forest (60 species, 3377 individuals) while urban areas (41 species, 3699 individuals) were least dive
Maria Azam1, Tahir Mahmood Qureshi1, Saddam Hussain2, Amjad Islam Aqib3*, Shanza Rauf Khan4, Kashif Akram1, Misbah Ijaz5, Maheen Murtaza6, Afshan Muneer6 and Sammina Mahmood7
...hnique. Following Bergey’s manual of determinative bacteriology, S.aureus was identified and antibiotic susceptibility was tested using clinical laboratory and standard institute guidelines. On the other hand, resistant strains were put to antibacterial testing assay against metallic nanoparticles both by well diffusion and broth microdilution method. To analyze the data, both probability and non-probability statistical tools were applied using SPSS ve
Yao Xixi1, Zhou Rui2* and Ma Yinshan3
...men fermentation parameters and content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk of grazing yak. In this study, 10 female Gannan yaks with an average body weight of 234.9±10.5 kg were selected for research purpose (natural grazing) in Gannan Pastoral Area of Gansu Province. The forage, rumen fluid and milk samples were collected during green-up time, flowering time and withering time of forage to determine nutrient composition of forage, fermentation p...
Jing Hu1,2,3 and Zhenhua Ma1,2,3*
...changes of serum indicators of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus ♂ × Epinephelus fuscoguttatus ♀) in 96 h. The results showed that the survival rate of each group was 100%, and no abnormal behavior was observed in juvenile fish. The damage performance in gill generally deepened over time. Lamellar fusion and curling of secondary lamellae also deepened from C group to T3 group. The proportion of interrenal tissue and hematopoietic tissue was mod...
Ghulam Sarwar Channa1*, Abdul Razak Mahar1, Inayatullah Rajpar2, Abdul Aziz Mirani3, Saleem Maseeh Bhatti2, Muneer Ali Bhagat1 and Wazir Ali Maitlo4
...for over one-third world’s population. Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses, which is reducing the yield of rice crop in the world. The tolerance level of five native non-aromatic, coarse rice cultivars (IR-6, IR-8, DR-82, DR-83 and DR-92) was tested in the current study. A local nursery was established for each cultivar and healthy seedli...
Rashid Saraz1, Saiqa Amur1, Zia-ul-Hassan1*, Naheed Akhter Talpur1, Inayatullah Rajpar1, Muhammad Sohail Memon2, Muhammad Nawaz Kandhro3, Khalid Hussain Talpur1 and Nizamuddin Depar4
...ext-align: justify;">Understanding soil variability is highly indispensable to achieve the goals of agricultural sustainability and environmental health. Soil variability mapping of district Mirpurkhas, Sindh, Pakistan – globally known as the city of high-quality mangoes – was done for the first time. Surface (20 cm depth) soil samples were collected from 127 locations of six sub-divisions of district Mirpurkhas ...
Ni Putu Sarini1*, I Gde Suranjaya1, I Gusti Agung Arta Putra1, I Wayan Suarna1, Lindawati Doloksaribu1, I Ketut Puja2, I Ketut Gde Natakesuma3, I Gusti Ngurah Bagus Rai Mulyawan4
...in the skin and coat colors. The purpose of this study was to analyze the genetic variations of the MC1R gene in 10 Bali cattle reared in Bali Province which have aberrant color patterns. Blood samples were taken from the 10 Bali cattle consisting of three having normal coat color patterns, three albino, two injin, and two poleng. The blood samples were extracted using a commercial kit and the MC1R gene was then amplified by using a forward primer 5&
Adnan Ihsan1*, Najeeb Ullah1, Riaz Hussain2, Jawad Sarwar1, Kamran Sohail1 and Waqar Khan1
... are described for the first time from Pakistan. Morphological description and digital images of the identified species and genus are given....
Bushra Ainy Dars1*, Naeem Tariq Narejo1, Muhammad Hanif Chandio2, Hamida Narejo3, Majida Parveen Narejo4, Faheem Saddar5, Ghulam Dastagir6, Ghulam Abbas7 and Shahnaz Rashid7
...mented ponds of the University of Sindh, Jamshoro. At 5cm intervals, samples of fish were separated into groups. Fish body dimensions, including fish head length, fin measurements and the diameter of fish eyes and mouth gape were examined. No significant difference between male and female was noted; though, there was a small variation in the percentages of lengths such as standard and anal fin, which were greater in females (85.0 and 15.3 percent, respectively...
Nadia Jabeen1, Abdul Mubeen Lodhi1*, Rehana Naz Syed1, Muhammad Ali Khanzada2 and Alia Gul3
...assy soil of Hazara University, Mansehra. The comparative studies revealed that Marasmiellus agrianum N. Jabeen and M. Lodhi was grown on lawn soil and is a flattened convex whereas Marasmiellus scandens being pathogenic was found mostly on the trunk of trees and is a semicircle convex-shaped basidiocarp. The species were studied for morphological characteristics. For molecular characterization, DNA extraction was performed from the samples using a kit ,...
Ertika Fitri Lisnanti1,4, Widya Paramita Lokapirnasari2*, Eka Pramyrtha Hestianah3, Mohammad Anam Al Arif2, Zein Ahmad Baihaqi4,5
...decreased. ...
Rameez Raja Kaleri1,2*, Hubdar Ali Kaleri1, Nazeer Hussain Kalhoro5, Raza Ali Mangi3, Ghulam Mustafa Solangi4, Deepsh Kumar Bhuptani6, Sher Muhammad Khosa1, Abdul Wahid Solangi1, Ayaz Ali Lashari7 and Sheva Dari1
...bserving by the researchers from different UCs of district Tando Allahyar. The data regarding quantitative traits were observed using the measuring tap mentioned in the (FAO) manual. The findings of our study 86.69% out of the 470 birds recorded with normal feather pattern. The common color of shank was found 27.71% white with 89.11% pea comb. The result for body weight revealed that significantly higher body weight was recorded in male birds as compared with ...
Asim Zubair1*, Anam Farid Chishtti2, Zohaib Atta Mehdie3, Aamna Arshad3, Ghulam Akbar Malik4 and Iffat Batool5
...lign: justify;">Pakistan’s primary industry is agriculture, which is divided into a number of subsectors including livestock, agricultural production, forestry, and fisheries. Livestock production contributes more to agriculture overall than any other sub-sector. The production of livestock accounts for 58.55% of agricultural output and 11.61% of the nation’s GDP. Although the ...
Tehreem Fatima1, Jabbar Khan1,*, Hamid Shafiq2, Dost Muhammad3, Muhammad Rafi1 and Shoaib ur Rehman1
...ong various known stressors, heat is a major factor that induces the production of HSP70. Keeping in view the very hot conditions of Dera Ismail Khan (D.I. Khan) division where the temperature remains at 45-50°C during the months of June to September, it was hypothesized that heat stress conditions do induce the overexpression of HSPs, especially Hsp70. It was thus attempted to find out the possible role of Hsp70 in those human being having the age of 90 y...
Umana Niazi, Muhammad Mushtaq*, Mehwish Kanwal and Momina Raheem
...und and Phiri, 2010). It’s the 4th most important source of edible oil and 3rd important source of vegetable protein. In Pakistan, it was grown on area of about 86974 ha with a total production of 100790 tons during 2018-19; almost 89% groundnut area lies in the Punjab province. Average per hectare yield of groundnut, in Pakistan, is near 1200 kg, which is quite low as compared to its potential, which is some 3000 kg. The low productivity of groundnut is...
Elihasridas, Mardiati Zain*, Roni Pazla, Simel Sowmen, Qurrata Aini
...he effectiveness of precursor rumen microbial growth supplementation to increase the digestibility of ammoniated aromatic lemongrass waste. The precursor rumen microbial growth supplement contains cassava leaves as a source of branched-chain amino acids, phosphorus, and zinc minerals, which was administered as follows: T0= ammoniated aromatic lemongrass waste, T1= T0 + 5% cassava leaf, T2= T1 +0.4% mineral phosphorus, T3= T1...
Uzma Ishaque1, Erum Iqbal1*, Shahnaz Dawar2 and Nasira Kazi1
...d Hussain, 2016. It differs from former in smaller body length, in the values of b and c, vulva located more posteriorly and in shorter tail length. From M. labiatus it differs in having higher values of indices, in shorter tail length, in anteriorly located nerve ring and caudal glands arranged in tandem. The genus Coomansus Jairajpuri and Khan 1977, and its species Coomansus parvus (de Man. 1880) Jairajpuri and Khan, 1977 ...
Yu Liang Cao1, Yue Guo2,3*, Hui Zhang2 and Chun Sheng Wang2
...he Internet in recent years. We concluded that 24,853 sales of P. canaliculata and A. fulica had been made through the Internet selling platform before 2019. Further surveys indicated that 51% sellers were located in endemic areas of Angiostrongylus cantonensis. However, no A. cantonensis-positive snails were found among Internet-sold snails. Laboratory animal infection experiments proved that all 4 breeds of snails could tr...
Yingying Wang, Jianyi Yu and Lichen Zhou*
...0 (26.32%) of the 76 tigers, while all blood samples tested through nested PCR were negative. This is the first investigation of T. gondii infection in South China tiger....
Jaisy Aghniarahim Putritamara1*, MB Hariyono1, Budi Hartono1, Hery Toiba2, Hamidah Nayati Utami3, Moh. Shadiqur Rahman2, Tina Sri Purwanti1
... purposive method. The first inclusion criterion is running a micro, small, or medium enterprise (MSME) in the beekeeping industry (with business sizes determined based on the number of workers, assets, and turnover as stipulated in the Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20 of 2008 concerning MSMEs. The second criterion is having been in business for at least ten years. The findings show...
Tabark F Ahmed, Nibras Z. Yahya*
...d two experiments. The first one was to isolate and identify E. coli O157; E. coli sample was taken from a hospital, the sample was cultured on MacConkey agar, Sorbitol MacConkey agar, chrome agar, eosin methylene blue agar, then VITEK® 2 System was performed Data showed the sample was positive as a result of E. coli O157. The second experiment examined the pharmacodynamics of ascorbic acid in various states, including alone and in combination with ciprofl...
Pham Tan Nha*, Le Thu Thuy
...3 factorial) with 2 factors. The first factor was the level of garlic supplementation, with three levels: 0.5%DM (G0.5), 1%DM (G1.0), and 1.5%DM (G1.5). The second factor was the type of garlic, with two options: Fresh Garlic (FG) and Black Garlic (BG). The study involved 180 Tre chickens, aged 6 weeks and weighing approximately 200±6.5 g/bird. Each experimental unit consisted of 10 birds, with a balanced distribution...
Deny Juniwati1, Hadri Latif2*, Trioso Purnawarman2, Zhang Shuqi3
...">Indonesia is the world’s largest producer and exporter of edible bird nest (EBN), with the leading destination being the People’s Republic of China (PRC). The provision of nitrite levels is less than 30 ppm for raw cleaned EBN, so the EBN is washed to reduce it. The industry generally washes EBN with reverse osmosis (RO) water, but this method does not significantly reduce ni...
Satya Fahriani1, Hadri Latif2*, Herwin Pisestyani2, Zhang Shuqi3, Suyanto Chen3
...">Indonesia is the world’s largest producer and exporter of edible bird’s nest (EBN). One of the importing countries requires that EBN be heated minimum 100 °C, with a minimum F0 value of 2.8, commercial sterilization with retort method. Indonesia’s government does not have data on the effect of retorts on the safety and quality of EBN. This study aimed to examine the...
Saddam Hussein Mahmoud* and Shaimaa Nabhan Yassein
...he virulence tested factors. Hemolysis and phospholipase activities were detected in 76.2% and 83.33% of C. albicans isolates, respectively, while biofilm formation was detected in 100% of C. albicans isolates. The diagnosis was confirmed using 25 of the most virulent C. albicans isolates, by polymers chains reaction (PCR) to detect the KER1 gene revealed that all 25 samples were positive with the product size (658bp). Phosp...
Mohamed Mahrous Amer1*, Hanaa Sayed Fedawy2, Hoda Mohamed Mekky2, Khaled Mohamed Elbayoumi2, Ahmed Ali El-Shemy3, Mohamed Abd El-Rahman Bosila2
...d. Hematological parameters, liver and kidney functions were also recorded. Colistin+ Doxycycline combination (Doxyforte®) was used to control the infection. Clinically, site of infection was appeared red, swollen accompanied with increased skin thickness, postmortem lesions in the 3rd day post infection with s.c. yellowish suppurative exudates, pericarditis and perihepatitis were prominent E. coli infected with hepatic subcapsular hemorrhage mostly in S. ...
Novirman Jamarun1, Roni Pazla1*, Arief2, Elihasridas1, Gusri Yanti3, Rani Winardi Wulan Sari4, Zaitul Ikhlas4
...r goats and Tithonia diversifolia as a source of forage protein. This study aims to determine the intake, body weight gain, and digestibility of nutrients of goats fed mangrove leaves and T. diversifolia with different levels. The research employed 16 one-year-old goats and divided them into groups according to their body weight. The concentrate utilized in the study comprised tofu dregs, corn, rice bran, palm kernel cake, m...
Wizna1, Rusfidra2, Robi Amizar3, Romi Andika1, Muhammad Haikal1, Zurmiati1*
...l, consisted of two factors, and each treatment was repeated three times. Factor A is the dose of B. amyloliquefaciens (3, 4, and 5%), and factor B is the fermentation time (3, 4, and 5 days). The total colony count of Bacillus sp., water content, dry matter, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, calcium, and phosphorus were measured. The dose of B. amyloliquefaciens and fermentation time significantly effect (p<0.05) the total colony count of Bacillus sp....
Khalid M. Al-Syaad1,2
...dyes, plastics, fertilisers, and cigarette smoke. Also, CC exposure causes decreased liver, kidney, and testicular functioning, as well as significant histopathological abnormalities. Therefore, the present study investigated the toxic effect of CC and the protective effect of Propolis aqueous extract on CC-induced toxicity in male rats. A total of 24 Wistar albino rats were included in this study, divided into four groups; each group containing 6 rats and adm...
Rusul Adnan Dawood, Hasan F.K. Alghetaa*
...the physiological disorders taken place in the renal function, immunological response as well as the ability of the redox system represented by total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde levels to combat the toxic exposure of mercuric chloride (HgCl2) with or without collaboration of resveratrol (RES) supplement. Forty-five adult Sprague Dawley, 8-10 weeks old female rats weighing 170-220 g were randomly grouped as following; control group (C) kept without...
Abdel-Khalek El-Sayed Abdel-Khalek1*, Abdelaziz M. Sakr2, Wael M. Nagy2, Hesham S. Abou-Serie2, Entesar Z. Eliraqy2
...ulls aged 3.5–5 years. The collected semen was pooled and distributed into five equal fractions, each fraction was diluted with Tris-extender at each level of PEE (PEE0, PEE1, PEE2, PEE3, and PEE4). Semen was gradually diluted at 37 °C with each extender at a rate of 1: 10, equilibrated for 4 hours at 4 °C, packaged in French straws, and frozen in liquid nitrogen at -196 °C. Evaluation of semen was ...
Rida Ahmad1,2*, Zulfiqar Ali2*, Farkhanda Manzoor1, Usman Ahmad3, Safdar Sidra4, Irfan Zainab2, Muhammad Furqan2, Aliza Batool1,2 and Zaidi Zona2
...s to support species diversity and maintain viable population. Avian studies provide substantial information about these changes as birds are predictor of ecological disturbances. The current research explored the avian diversity, richness, abundance and their feeding habit in selected habitats of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) and Gilgit Baltistan (GB). Data were collected from May 2017 to October 2017 using point count technique....
Muhammad Nasir Bhaya1,2* and Hikmet Keles2
... different malignant tumors. Nephrotoxicity is one of the major side effects of it. Ellagic acid (EA) is a polyphenol, known for its antioxidant properties. In this study, the protective effect of EA on CP-induced renal damage was evaluated. For this purpose, 24 rats were divided into four groups, control, CP, CP+EA50, and CP+EA75. Histopathological examination of kidneys revealed hyperemia, epithelial degeneration, swelling, cystic dilatation and luminal prot...
Lichun Jiang1,2*, Lan Zhu1, Meiqi Li1, Xinyue Bao1, Zhenkun Zhao2, Haifen Qin2 and Wei Chen3*
...hus and deepened the understanding of the phylogenetic relationship of Cervidae....
Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan and Abdul Rauf Shakoori*
...neurodegenerative disorders. While the current understanding of its molecular mechanisms is continually increasing, the identification and consequently the roles of transcription factors (TFs) in the respective molecular events under neuroinflammatory conditions in distinct brain regions is still lacking. To address the said gap in knowledge, first we ha...
Bing Yan1, Meng Meng Zhang2, Xi Chen2, Yongming Li2*, Muhammad Khan3* and Tonghui Ma1*
...lethal primary brain tumors due to its high malignancy and heterogeneity. Despite recent advances in medical technology and concerted effort to improve therapeutic methods, the prognosis of GBM still remains very poor. The poor prognosis is associated with cancer stem cells (CSCs) which hold the potential of self-renewal, and differentiation into pathogenomic heterogeneous tumor formation leading to therapeutic resistance. Therefore, targeting CSCs and their a...
Ramanathan Baluchamy* and Gnanamani Radhakrishnan
...ved in site I which favours the plant growth, in turn increases the quantity of leaf litter which supports the life of millipedes. Millipedes play an essential role in enhancing the fertility of soil and ecosystem functioning in this tropical dry deciduous forest of Alagar hill (Eastern Ghats), South India. In forest ecosystem, conservation of millipede is an essential step to improve the fertility of soil and maintaining the forest ecosystem....
Hung Phuc Nguyen1*, Doan Van Thuoc2*, Nguyen Thi Trung Thu1, Huong Tran Thi Mai3, Nguyen Tran Khanh Hoa1, Nguyen Thi Tuyet Nhi1, Nguyen Phuong Thao1, Tran Thi Loan2 and Nguyen Thi Huyen My2
...ance, biological parameters and nutrient apparent digestibility coefficients (ADCs) of red tilapia (Oreochromis sp.). FSR was obtained by fermenting SR with Bacillus subtilis V37. Five isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to replace 35% or 50% of FM by SR or FSR. The diets were denoted as follows: FMD, SR35D, FSR35D, SR50D, and FSR50D. The FMD (the reference diet) contained FM as a main source of dietary protein. A total of 300 fingerling red ...
Hafiz Muhammad Arsalan1, Amina Arif1 and Muhammad Khalil Ahmad Khan2*
... tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). Within interacellular system, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in response to antioxidant (AOX) defense systems lead to oxidative stress (OS). Our study aimed at biochemical profiling of CML patients in response to imatinib or nilotinib therapeutic drugs. Fresh venous blood sample (10 mL) of 170 CML diagnosed patients and 10 healthy individuals was collected in heparin vial from oncology department, Mayo hos...
Muhammad Shoaib1, Muhammad Mahboob Ali Hamid1, Shafaq Amir2, Shaukat Ali Bhatti1*, Hafiz Hassan Iqbal1, Najam-us-Sahar1 and Mubsher Hussain1,3
...sifier + lipase in broilers reared on energy diluted diet. Five hundred and twenty birds were divided into 8 treatments groups with 5 replicates of 13 birds in each. Total 8 diets viz., PC (Positive control), NC1 (Negative control 1; 75 Kcal/kg reduced energy), NC1L (NC1 + lipase at 0.015%), NC1LB (NC1 + lipase at 0.015% + bile acids at 0.05%), NC2 (Negative control 2; 150 Kcal/kg reduced energy), NC2L (NC2 + lipase at 0.015%), NC2LB (NC2 + lipase at 0.015% + ...
Sumei Zeng and Yong Zhang*
...e in the production sectors is the basis of growth and development in the agricultural sector. The advent of Internet of Things (IOT) as an emerging digital technology has led to a new direction of innovative research in the field of animal husbandry. IOT technology has a variety of applications in the economic productivity of the livestock and poultry industry. The purpose of this study is to identify and rank IOT applications in dairy cattle industry product...
Yongman Guo1,2, Jundong Tian1,2,3, Dong Yang1,2 and Jiqi Lu1,2,3*
...retory IgA acts as the first defense against pathogens, viruses and bacteria in animals. Fresh fecal samples of adult Taihangshan macaques (Macaca mulatta tcheliensis) were collected during mating and non-mating periods, respectively, to understand the influences of mating status on physiological condition of wild macaques, through variation in fecal cortisol and IgA levels. The results showed that. (1) mean concentration of...
Chen Gu1,2, Ze-Dong Xu1, Lin Chen1, Ming-Hui Gu1, Sheng-Mei Yang1, Ai-Qing Wang1, Bao-Fa Yin1* and Wan-Hong Wei1,2,3*
...HPA) responses of Brandt’s vole (Lasiopodomys brandtii) offspring after their mothers had been repeatedly exposed to predator odors during pregnancy. We exposed pregnant Brandt’s voles to distilled water (DW, the control), rabbit odor (RO, non-predator odor), or cat odor (CO, predator odor) for 18 days (60 min/day). Once the offspring matured...
Gang Liu*, Na Xu, Zhizhong Gong and Jiahui Feng
...g the most relevant factors affecting gut microbial communities and affects the host gut microbiota composition and function. We investigated the gut fungal communities of Anser erythropus wintering at either Shengjin Lake or Caizi Lake, China, using high-throughput sequencing of the internal transcribed spacer gene region. We retained 1,302,562 valid tags corresponding to 2,102 operational taxonomic units (OTUs) from 20 fecal samples (ten per lake). The OTUs ...
Kiran Afshan1*, Sobia Baseer1, Shanza Kiran1, Ghulam Narjis2 and Sabika Firasat1
...elonging to the 20-30 years and 31-40 years age group (16.78%-36.45), 1st and 3rd trimesters (33.2%- 40.3%), and housewives (28.8%-37.4%). The mean of IgG and IgM antibodies titer was observed higher than >1.3 in pregnant women and in the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. The present study concluded a higher prevalence of T. gondii infection in women of childbe...
Moustafa M. Zeitoun 1,3; Mohamed M. Mansour 2,4*
...ground; Numerous biomarkers had utilized by researchers for predicting fertility in camels or selecting fertile camels. Infertile dromedary camels could be identified with conventional semen quality assessments, but relative in vivo fertility varies significantly for camels considered fertile. Aim; Study the blood and seminal plasma aldosterone and testosterone levels of male dromedary camels and their outcome on semen param...
Mohammad Bani Ismail
... find out if SPN can reverse Dox-induced cardiomyopathies, we conducted this study. Results showed that Dox treatment led to bigger cardiomyocytes, more inflammatory markers, and more cytokines. SPN treatment, however, reduced Dox-induced enlargement, attenuated hypertrophic markers, and attenuated the expression of inflammatory markers. Moreover, we saw...
Irtaza Hussain1, Muti ur Rehman Khan1*, Asim Aslam1, Masood Rabbani2 and Ahsan Anjum1
...ion of various risk factors in goats and sheep through qualitative enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). This technique is sensitive and cost-effective for detecting disease in large no of animals. For this purpose, serum samples from 350 goats and 91 sheep were collected on the 20th day post-infection for detection of antibodies, and essential information related to potential risk factors was collected through a questi...
Rosidi Azis1, Gatot Ciptadi2, Sri Wahjuningsih2, Dwi Nur Happy Hariyono3, Yuli Arif Tribudi4, Veronica Margareta Ani Nurgiartiningsih2*
...period 2018-2020. The Pearson correlation (r) between BW and BMs was determined, and the simple and multiple regression analysis were performed in a Matlab R2021a. The quality of fit of the models was evaluated using the coefficient of determination (R2) and root mean squared error (RMSE). The results showed that BW had a positively high significant correlation (P < 0.01) with HH (r = 0.756), BL (r = 0.754), and CG (r = 0.877). The stepwise regression resul...
Ijaz Ahmad1,5*, Haihong Hao1, Pascal Sanders2, Zafar Iqbal3, Saeed Ahmed4, Farhan Anwar Khan5, Zahir Shah5, Muhammad Ibrahim6 and Lingli Huang1
...parated by HPLC on a reversed phase C-18 column with mobile phase of acetonitrile and formic acid (0.1%) solution- (90:10, v/v). The calibration curves were linear ranged from 0.01-5µg/mL. The limit of quantification (LOQ) and limit of detection (LOD) were 0.04 and 0.01 µg/mL. The recovery of cefquinome from plasma was 73.4%, 78.33%, and 77% for low, medium and high concentration samples. The intraday and inter day relative standard deviation were ...
Feng-Yan Liu1,2,3, Ting Chen1,2,3, Yu-Hui Li1,2,3, Zheng Liu1,2,3, Jing-Jin Zheng1,2,3, You-Bang Li1,2,3* and Zhong-hao Huang1,2,3*
...d T4) of rhesus macaques’ (Macaca mulatta) fecal pellet sampled from the Longhushan Nature Reserve, Southwest Guangxi, China. The results indicated that cortisol was negatively correlated with ambient temperature and sunlight, whereas T4 was positively correlated with sunlight. Cortisol levels sampled from spring/winter were higher than those sampled from summer/fall, while levels of GCs and T3/T4 were not significantly different among seasons, indicatin...
Nabila Rasheed1, Shumaila Usman2*, Madeeha Sadiq3, Bushra Wasim3, Kanwal Haneef4, Hafsa Shafqat3, Tabinda Urooj3 and Saman Rashid4
...align: justify;">Wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) are a well-known source for the regenerative approach. Current investigation shows that the metabolic disorders like gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are not only responsible for several disease factors in adult life but also have adverse effects on perinatal environment as...
Chen Zhao, Lulu Ding, Ying Ye, Congying Kou, Haoran Xiao, Jing Zhu and Jicang Wang*
...ts in nature and can adversely affect the health of living organisms. Naringenin (Nar) is a natural flavonoid that protects many tissues of the body from the toxic effects of heavy metals. Studies have explored the adverse effects of Cd on rats and other animals, but the mechanism of Cd-induced autophagy in the kidney and the antagonistic effect of Nar on Cd are still unclear. In this study, SD rats were treated with Cd and/...
Deny Anjelus Iyai1*, Ambo Ako2, Sitti Nurani Siradjuddin2, Budiman Nohong2
...are open gates to biodiversity loss. The aim of the research was to find out the types of plants that can be a source of natural food for livestock both inside and outside the oil palm land. The study area was purposively selected from 9 districts (subdistricts) as many as 4 districts (44.44%). Withdrawal of grass clippings is done using a quadrant measuring 1 x 1 m2. Quadrant laying is done diagonally in a land area of 100 m2. Dominance Index, Species a...
Sherein H. Mohamed1, Soad El Naggar2*, Ayman A. Hassan3, Mohamed A.M. Mousa3, Mohamed M. Basyony3, Mohamed F. Sadek3, Mohamed A. A. Ahmed4, Saadia M. Hashem5
Mohammed Naji Odhah1,2, Faez Firdaus Abdullah Jesse1*, Bura Thlama Paul3,4, Bashiru Garba5, Zaid Mahmood1, Eric Lim Teik Chung6, Mohd Azmi Mohd Lila7
...ments and the increase persisted up till week 11 post-inoculation. The concentration of IgG steadily increased in C. pseudotuberculosis and MAs-treated groups, reaching the peak at week 9 (32.82±8.56 ng/ml) in C. pseudotuberculosis group and week 10 (28.41±1.27 ng/ml) in MAs group, then declined slowly from week 10 till week 12. In conclusion, there was an elevated level in the IgM and IgG antibodies post-infection with C. pseudotuberculosis and ...
Hari Prashad Joshi, Kuaanan Techato, Khamphe Phoungthong* and Keshav Raj Panthee
...e attention of policymakers all over the world. Amidst the different changing climatic conditions across the globe, researchers are focusing on the study of determinants of rice production from a different perspective. This study also has made an effort to investigate the determinants of rice production in Nepal taking annual mean temperature, cultivation area, fertilizer used, and precipi...
Ishtiaq Ahmed1*, Hamid Ullah2, Zubair Ali2, Muhammad Sohail2, Yasir Amin2 and Afrasyab1
...on and awareness of farmers regarding husbandry practices may be implemented in the study area to boost the economy of the farmers....
Sajid Ali1, Ghulam Abbas1, Shahnaz Rashid1, Asma Fatima1*, Abdul Malik1, Dilawer Ali1, Muneer Hussain Bijoro1, Ushra Batool Hashmi1, Rumaisa Abdul Rahim1, Shahid Hussain2, Kashif Ali3, Jabbar Memon4 and Javeria Khourshid1
..., Acanthopagrus berda (Forsskal, 1775) by using different protein-containing diet i.e., soybean meal and fishmeal. The dietary efficacy was monitored in seawater earthen ponds designated into four nylon meshed hapa (3.7×9.5×9.5 feet) for 60 days. Juveniles (35.75±3.2g) were collected with the help of cast net from Sakro creek and transferred into the earthen fish ponds located at Garho, Thatta, Sindh. Juveniles were acclimatized for more tha...
Laikun Ma1,2, Jiaojiao Wang1, Shanshan Lyu2 and Jianhua Hou1*
...ponses of males to invaders with different threat levels by playing back songs of various length during the breeding season of the dusky warbler in Saihanba National Forest Park. We observed no significant differences in physical and song behaviours in male dusky warblers in response to simulated intruders with different song length. However, there was a...
Asif Sadam1*, Rahmat Ullah Khan2, Karim Gabol2*, Muhammad Awais3,4, Mohammad Ismail1, Sajid Mahmood1, Muhammad Aslam4 and Hamidullah5
...ation on the causal factors that lead to hunting and illegal trade of waterhen Amaurornis phoenicurus in a remote villages of district Mardan, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. Data were collected by adopting a mix scientific approach including Participants’ observations, interviews and structured questionnaire. Our results showed that the local villagers of the remote area of district M...
Zaib Ullah1*, Sajid Mahmood2,3, Zafar Iqbal4, Fakhar-i-Abbas5, Naveed Akhtar1 and Abdul Majid Khan6*
... of Asiatic black bear (Ursus thibetanus G. (Baron) Cuvier, 1823) was conducted in Kaghan and Siran Valleys of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) province of Pakistan. The different surveys (questionnaire, sighting, and sign survey) were conducted in all sites of the forests from June to November 2018. Thirteen different types of signs were observed during the field survey. Potential site selection was based on sign observation (Encounter Rate; ER). Four black bea
Nasratullah Baloch1, Naeem Tariq Narejo2, Hamida Narejo3, Muhammad Farooq Hassan4, Ghulam Abbas5, Shahnaz Rashid5, Muhammad Hanif Chandio6, Faheem Saddar7 and Majida Parveen Narejo8
... to evaluate fish biodiversity from Sonmiani Bay of Balochistan, Pakistan during January to December 2019. Total 36 families, 68 genus and 91 species were recorded from this research work. Out of which, 4 species were reported as dominant species namely Liza subviridis (24.88%; TL 1.8-35.0±0.2 cm), Sardinella longicep (15.83%;2.8-20.4±0.3 cm), Sillago sihama (9.04%; TL 3.5-20.3±0.4 cm) and Acanthopagrus berda (7.99%; TL 1.47-28.5± 0...
Jamshid Ali1,2, Sabeeqa Usman Malik1*, Muhammad Irfan Ashraf1, Jia Zhongkui2, Zuhair Husnain3 and Saeed Gulzar1
...tudy will help policymakers in decision-making and developing future scenarios for climate change mitigation....
Muhammad Noman Khan* and Ghulam Nabi
...or yield discourage farmers from its cultivation. Plant nutrients particularly Potassium plays critical role in growth and yield of citrus crops. Therefore, for the possible solution the current study Potassium fertilizer source and timing regulate growth, flowering and yield in trees of sweet lime (Citrus limetta L.) was conducted during the year 2019. Experiment was laid out in RCBD split plot arrangement with 2 factors an...
Imbang Dwi Rahayu1, Ali Mahmud1*, Wahyu Widodo1, Adi Sutanto1, Apriliana Devi Anggraini1, Devi Dwi Siskawardani2, Wisnu Nurcahyo3, Tri Untari3
... the biochemical parameters of broiler blood. In this study, 175 chickens were used and divided into seven levels of treatments; T0 (feed without herbs), T1 (feed + 1% herbs), T2 (Feed + 2% herbs), T3 (Feed + 3% herbs), T4 (drinking water +1% herbal), T5 (drinking water + 2% herbal), T6 (drinking water + 3% herbal). The data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance. As a result, the treatments did not affect (p>0.05) the total plasma protein (TPP)...
Erni Damayanti1,2, Herry Sonjaya2*, Sudirman Baco2, Hasbi Hasbi2, Ekayanti Mulyawati Kaiin3
...">A study on growth factors in Bali cattle embryo culture media in vitro has never been carried out and this study aims to measure the concentration of FGF2 and EGF in follicular fluid, maturation media and Bali cattle embryo culture media. The study used ovaries that came from slaughterhouse and were oocytes mature before fertilization using semen from one bull, oocytes are fertilized then cultured for 48 hours. Embryo grou...
Mudawamah Mudawamah1*, Sumartono Sumartono1, G. Ciptadi2, E. Susanto3, Y. Hartoyo4, L. Affandhy5,6
...heep sampled were 2-3 years old, healthy condition (good activity), good appetite with feed given in the form of concentrate (2% of body weight), and forage (10% of body weight). The results showed that morphology, physiology, and total protein did not show a significant relationship (p>0.05) to differentiate broodstock in a single or twin brood in Sapudi sheep or their crosses, except for Suffas sheep. Total protein could show the difference between twin l...
Reza Esmaealzade Dizaji1, Arasb Dabbagh Moghaddam1*, Arash Ghalyanchi Langeroudi2, Mohamad Foad Heydari3, Seyyed Javad Hosseini Shokouh4 and Ana Shirzad Shahrivar5
...bioactive nano-glass fibers (BNF) loaded with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) was used to examine the effects on a second-degree heat wound and the healing process’ sub-streaming molecular route for re-epithelialization. Model (deep second-degree thermal wound), PRP, and PRP/BNF groups were each randomly assigned a set of animals. Wounds were monitored daily for many days following therapy to see how they were healing. H&am...
Frequency of Non-Motor Clinical Features of Parkinson Disease and the Associated Factors in Pakistan
Jaiperkash Moolchandani1*, Geeta Moolchandani2, Syed Mohsin Turab3, Nasima Iqbal4, Ambreen Rehman5 and Shaima Sultana Memon6
...ign: justify;">Parkinson’s disease is an idiopathic disorder of the extrapyramidal system, resulting in impairment of movement with tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, depression, shuffling gait and stooped posture. Among non-motor clinical symptoms, depression, anxiety, and apathy are the most prevalent symptoms. Although these are treatable but usually are not recognized at early stage in Parkinson’s disease, so th...
Saeed Ahmad1, Muhammad Iqbal1*, Muhammad Akram1, Muhammad Rafiq Shahid1, Muhammad Shahid1, Taj Muhammad1, Muhammad Ihsan Ullah1, Zunera Saeed2 and Mazhar Ali3
... and green manuring of berseem was done for consecutive four years to improve soil organic matter from initial organic matter of 0.7% and improved to 1.0 % after two years and after repeated use, it improved to 1.5 % during fourth year. Three levels of organic matter i.e., <0.5%, 1% and 1.5% were studied. It was found that by increasing organic matter significant increase was observed i...
Arshad Khan, Mohammad Ihsan, Maryam Bibi, Gul Rahim, Fazl Ullah, Komail Khan and Ali Hazrat*
...abase that currently offers data on worldwide soil salinity; however, it has a number of limitations regarding the way soil salinity is measured. A new assessment is therefore required. The present research work was conducted at Botanical Garden, Department of Botany, University of Malakand, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Pakistan. Different mays verities at morphological level were treated with different salt stress as compared to cont...
The Effect of Adding Malic and Acetic Acids to Drinking Water on The Productive Performance of Quail
Ali A. M. Al-Kuhla1*, Yaman S. Fadhil1, Saffanah K. Mahmood2
...the consumption and conversion of feed. Finally, all the bird were slaughtered for the purpose of histological examination. Tissue sections were obtained from the small intestine, then the villi length, width, surface area of villi, and the crypt depth were measured. Results demonstrated a significant (P<0.05) increase in the body weight of the birds in response to the dietary malic and acetic acids, while there were no significant differences in the rate o...
Peter Amuguni Mbato*, Wanzila Usyu Mutinda, Noah Kipkoech Maritim, Nicholas Edwin Odongo
...;...
Sameh Abdel-Moez Ahmed Amer1*, Aly Mohammed Ghetas1, Asmaa Mahmoud Maatouq1, Hagar Magdy Ahmed1, Khaled Mohamed El-Bayoumi1, Mohamed Abd El-Rahman Bosila1, Ahmed Ali El-Shemy2
...est humoral antibody titers throughout the vaccination schedule and conferred a complete protection against mortality with milder clinical signs, moreover displayed a significant decrease in the shedding of NDV with drastically blocked shedding 7 days PC compared to group B with little clinical protection, higher mortalities, lower antibody titers and longest viral shedding PC. In conclusion, the NDV genotype VII-based vacci...
Elfadil, G.E.1,3, G.F. Gouda1*, M.A. Rashed2, A.R. Shemeis1
...ypic and genetic parameters estimated using multi-trait animal model on 458 growing rabbits, progeny of 25 bucks and 92 dams. The aggregate genotype involved post-weaning daily gain (DG), higher percentages of dressing (DP) and boneless meat (BMP). Sources of information were various combinations from weaning weight (WW), slaughter weight (SW), DG, body length (BL) and round girth (RG). The maximum accuracy of selection (RTI = 0.71) was obtained from the selec...
Mehmet Akif Cam1,* and Koray Kirikci2
...n this study, 3.0-3.5 years old Karayaka (n=35) and Bafra ewes (n=45) were used. Animals were kept until their milk yield was reduced to 50 g/d. The lactation milk yields (LMY) of single and multiple bearing ewes in Karayaka and Bafra breeds were 99.48±9.66 and 126.01±10.75 kg (P<0.05), and 104.89±8.57 and 165.62±10.79 kg (P<0.05), respectively. Lactation lengths (LL) of single and multiple bearing ewes in Karayaka and Bafra s...
Tahir Rasool Qamar1, Sanaullah Iqbal1*, Muhammad Nasir1 and Habib-ur- Rehman2
...pact against CRC biomarkers particularly if it is taken as preventive measure.
* Corresponding author: sanaullah.iqbal@uvas.edu.pk
...
A.M. Abdul Azeem1, A.N. El shahat1* and Mohamed H.M. Abd el Megid2
...all the measured parameters when compared to BPA-rats. In this study it was concluded that the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles using a natural source such as grapefruit was effective in combining the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of both the flavonoids present in grapefruit and selenium and increasing the efficiency of the selenium nanoparticles....
A.M. Abdul Azeem1, A.N. El shahat1* and Mohamed H.M. Abd el Megid2
...all the measured parameters when compared to BPA-rats. In this study it was concluded that the synthesis of selenium nanoparticles using a natural source such as grapefruit was effective in combining the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of both the flavonoids present in grapefruit and selenium and increasing the efficiency of the selenium nanoparticles....
Mohamed A. Abu El-Hamd1*, Abdelslam M. Metwally2, Zahya R. Ghallab2, Wael A. El-Hamady1 and Mohamed A. El-karamany1
...protocols. Cows in the first and second groups high or low-fertility (G1 and G2, respectively) were treated with PGF2α-GnRH protocol. Cows in the third and forth groups high or low-fertility (G3 and G4, respectively) were treated with OvSynch protocol. Results showed effective increasing oestrus responses 90, 70, 100 and 80% in G1, G2, G3 and G4, respectively. Pregnancy rate was significantly higher in G1 (80%) and G2 (60%) than in G3 (50% ) and G4 (40%)...
Azza M. El-Kattawy1, Tarek Abou Zed1, Randa Megahed1 and Mohammed El-Magd2*
...t usually cause many adverse effects. The anti-arthritic effect of the hypocholesterolemic drug simvastatin (Sim) has been confirmed, however, its actual mechanism of action has not been investigated yet. Therefore, this study aimed to unveil the biochemical and molecular changes that accompany the application of Sim as anti-arthritic in a mouse model of pristane-induced arthritis. Female Swiss albino mice (20-30g) were randomly divided into 5 groups (n= 10/gr...
Xu Yun-Ming1*, Sun Zhi-Yuan1, Yang Jian-Bo1, Bian Rong-Rong2, Ren Hong-Lin3, Zhong Si-Yuan1, Cai Yu-Hong1, Peng Jing1 and Bao Hua-Xia1
... of B. cereus, four primers were designed, and reaction components and conditions optimized. Sensitivity was compared between optimized LAMP assay and the conventional PCR. The optimal reaction conditions of LAMP assay (25uL each reaction) comprised 1.0 mol/L betaine, 6 m mol/L Mg2+, 1.4 mmol/L dNTPs, 1.6 μmol/L inner primers (1:1), 0.2 μmol/L outer primers (1:1), 2.5 μL 10×...
Ming Wang1, Nan Yang2, Xiaolin Zhang2 and Wei Liu1*
...esently advanced and diverse, however, awareness among the herdsmen in this area to control the rodents remains relatively regressive. Given the limitations in organizing herdsmen to participate in the government-organized rodent control, open-ended and closed-ended combined questionnaires were executed in the summer of 2020 for investigating the consciousness of deratization and the factors influencing the herdsmen. The age...
Mai M. Dawood*1, Mohamed Fawzy2 and Mohamed S. Elshahidy3
...t: normal;">Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) is a highly contagious disease of young chickens, that results in bursal necrosis and severe damage of the immune system. IBDV remarkably persist to affect the poultry industry in Egypt. Hence this study was done to identify and characterize very virulent Infectious Bursal Disease virus in Egypt during t...
Misbah Ammanat1, Abdul Qadir1, Zulfiqar Ali2*, Rida Ahmad2,3, Usman Ahmad1, Irfan Zainab2 and Aliza Batool2,3
...Line (TL) of 250 kilometers length has been planned as Pakistan’s first extra high voltage TL in the highlands. Collision risks for birds may be greatest around the Indus River and its tributaries. The study area is 7,951 km2, stretching from the Dasu Hydropower Project in the north to the Islamabad West Grid Station in the south. Field surveys at 678 observation points were conducte...
Wei Wang1, Meifeng Zhou2, Yuebo Liang1, Fan Zhang1, Zhong Wu3, Shaowei Mo4* and Yi Qing Wang1*
...ion of YAP by si-YAP reversed the YAP/TAZ expression, cell viability and cell apoptosis in SK-BR-3-TR cells. YAP/TAZ pathway might induce the trastuzumab resistance in HER2-positive breast cancer and targeting YAP would be an alternative way for the clinical therapeutic methods of HER2 positive breast cancer....
Md. Abdullah Al-Mamun1,2, Al-Mamun2,3, Sanjay Kumar Mohanta2,3, Md. Farhan Tazim2,3, Mohammed Rashed Parvej 2,3, Md. Sharif Uddin2,3, Suman Barua1,2 and Liu Qun1*
...oduction. Our study in mers of 655 Silver Pomfret, Pampus argenteus, 366 females and 289 males, collected monthly between February 2019 and January 2020, provides insight into the characteristics of size at sexual maturity, peak spawning season, and sex ratio of the species. Monthly variation in the gonadosomatic index (GSI) values and histological observations has revealed two spawning peaks, in spring (April-May) and fall (September). The maximum GSI has acc...
Tasleem Akhtar1*, Muhammad Farooq Nasir2, Imran Bodlah2 and Muhammad Adnan Bodlah3
...pulation time (n = 10 pairs) was between 33 and 55 sec (mean: 45.2 sec). Oviposition time (n = 10 females) was between 1 and 2 sec (mean: 1.5 sec). Female parasitoids lived longer (5.75 days) than male parasitoids (4 days) when offered honey and water as a food diet. Lifespan of adult male and females was shorter i.e. 2.25 and 2.75 days respectively when fed upon dissected aphid. When adult parasitoids were released on pea plant provided with pea aphid, mean p...
Nwafili Sylvanus Anene, Ibinabo Jessica
... adopted by catfish farmers in Obio/Akpor District of Rivers State with respect to hatchery operations. Data was collected from 49 catfish farmers by interview and structured questionnaire. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze data obtained based on 4-point Likert scale. The result show that 81.63% of the catfish farmers had previous experience wit...
Yang Pan1,2, Yang Huang3, Guo-hai Wang4* and Qi-hai Zhou3*
...rtant roles in seed dispersal. In this study, we assessed the contributions of bird functional traits (behavioral traits: foraging quantity, number of birds per visit, and foraging duration; morphological traits: weight and body, wing, and tail lengths) to both seed removal patterns and dispersal distances of Cayratia japonica in an urban garden in southwest China. Eleven bird species were recorded feeding on its seeds, and ...
Muhammad Hussain1, Yasir Ali2*, Baber Iqbal1, Muhammad Azhar Iqbal1, Salman Ahmad3, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed4, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif2, Muhammad Saeed1 and Muhammad Jawad Yousaf1
...on, a set of rust trap nurseries consisting of 21 stripe (Yr) and 36 leaf rust (Lr) lines were grown in the Research Area of Plant Pathology Research Institute during the same cropping seasons. A total of 11 Genotypes viz., Ass-11, V-13266, V-11C023, V-12266, V-08203, V-12001, V-13001, Gandam-II, V-13270, V-13273 and AARI-11 indicated resistant (R) response against stripe rust of wheat with a lower area under disease progress curve (AUDPC) values ranged from 6...
Kandiah Pakeerathan*, Konesalingam Jeyavithuyan, Aruchchunan Nirosha and Gunasingham Mikunthan
...ns. Onion growth parameters, yield, and DSI were recorded from the experiment conducted in a complete randomized design and subjected to ANOVA using SAS 9.1. Turkey’s HSD multiple comparison test and Person-correlation analysis were performed to identify the best treatment combination at P < 0.05. The results were significant among them at P < 0.05. Bio-fortified vermicompost&<...
Mehran Ali* and Inamullah
...eat productivity, two years of field experiments were carried out at Agronomy Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during Rabi season 2018-19 and 2019-20. Randomized complete block design was used to test the efficacy of different P sources {1. Single super phosphate (SSP), 2. Rock phosphate (RP), 3. Poultry manure (PM), 4. 50% SSP + 50% PM and 5. 50% RP + 50% PM} applied at the rate of 60 and 90 kg P ha-1. ...
Yasir Ali1, Muhammad Shahbaz2, Hafiz Muhammad Aatif1-2, Salman Ahmad3*, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed4, Saqib Saeed2, Mohsin Iqbal1, Mozam Ejaz1 and Saima Naseer5
...azole (29.30 %) in the first crop season 2018-2019 and 28.50% in the second crop season 2019-2020, followed by Polyram DF (27.60% and 26.30%), Tubiconazole+trifloxystrobin (21.50% and 26.30%), Diphenoconazole (23.30 and 22.57), Sulphur (25.38, 24.50), Pyraclostrobin (19.57 and 18.38), Cholorothalonyl+metalyxl (18.30 and 16.30) and control (0%) during both successive seasons. The maximum number of grains per spike was recorded by Propiconazole (48.3 and 45.40) ...
Yousef Ahmed Alkhamis1,2*, Basanti Mondal3, Roshmon Thomas Mathew2, Ganesan Nagarajan4,5,6, Sheikh Mustafizur Rahman3, Md. Mostafizur Rahman7, Adnan Alhajji1 and Md. Moshiur Rahman3,8*
...uctuation can affect adversely the growth of fish which is an alarming issue for tilapia farmers and other stakeholders. However, the compensatory development of certain traits through phenotypic plasticity can minimize at least these losses....
Nasir Ali1,2,6, Muhammad Ilyas2,3, Nazia Akbar1,2*, Gohar Rahman2, Shakirullah Khan4, Mujaddad Ur Rehman6, Abdul Samad5, Habib Ahmad1,2 and Bibi Nazia Murtaza7*
... reference to better understand the biological linkage of ancient and modern inhabitants living in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan....
Abdullah Alsrhani1*, Aisha Farhana1, Shahid Hussain2 and Muhammad Ikram Ullah1
...ign: justify;">Hashimoto’s thyroiditis (HT) is a chronic devastating autoimmune disorder of the thyroid gland, which develops due to environmental and genetic predispositions. Various studies have explored the role of 25(OH)-D deficiency in HT. Although vitamin D supplementation is suggested to improve thyroid functions, the mechanism of action of vitamin D on thyroid hormones remains unclear. The objective of the present study was to determine serum con...
Sajida Batool, Iqra Ashraf, Shafaat Yar Khan, Sitara Shameem* and Breha Kazmi
...PHA) st https://researcherslinks.com/journals imulated T-lymphocytes were treated with extract of C. procera (1, 2, and 4 µg/mL) for 4, 8, 12, 24, and 48 h. Levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-6 and Interleukin-8) were measured after 8, 12, and 24 h while levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines (Interleukin-10) were measured after 4 and 48-h via enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). C. procera treatment exhibited a significant decline in...
Jialing Zhang1, Yan Ma2, Lili Lian3 and Min Wei1*
...H-a and gestrinone and nursing after severe endometriosis operation, looking at the long-term efficacy in preventing endometriosis recurrence and fertility outcomes. This study included 180 patients with severe endometriosis who were treated in our hospital. They were divided into the study group receiving GnRH-a treatment alone and the reference group receiving GnRH-a and gestrinone treatment. Patients in the reference group received routine nu
Asifa Majeed*, Amir Rashid, Palvasha Waheed, Asma Faryal, Aden Razaq and Ayesha Maryam
... is one of the risk factors to develop cardiovascular diseases. The genetic predisposition in association with environmental and lifestyle modifications can play a central role in the progression of diabetic dyslipidemia. A cross-sectional study was designed to detect pathogenic genetic variants in APOA1 and ABCG1 genes associated with dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetic patients. A total of ninety subjects of both genders, aged...
Fahad A. Al-Abbasi1*, Abdullah Samer Habib1, Vikas Kumar2 and Firoz Anwar1
...industry production workers. Sufficient samples (approx. 422) from imported fish and chicken were randomly collected and analyzed for total plate count (TPC), Staphylococcus aureus, Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Pseudomonas. Five healthy workers directly involved with processing, handling from various departments without any prior disease were selected for blood profiling. Significant increase in S. aureus colonies were observ...
Samia Afzal1*, Jahanzaib Ahmad1, Iram Amin1, Liaqat Ali2, Muhammad Shahid1, Mohsin Ahmad Khan1 and Muhammad Idrees1
...gical and molecular markers of HBV infections; for example, Hepatitis B envelope antigen (HBeAg), inhibition and reduction of HBV DNA titer during HDV infections. Very few studies described the clampdown of HBV-related markers during HDV replication and the current study is the only report from Pakistani perspective. The objective of this study is to find the interference of HDV in HBV rep...
Jemi Diporianto1,4, Denny Widaya Lukman2*, Yusuf Ridwan3
... meat for trade. Wild boars are more likely to transmit Trichinella spp. than domestic pigs due to the lack of animal health monitoring in wildlife. This study aimed to assess the risk of introducing Trichinella spp. in wild boar meat transportation from Bengkulu Province to Java Island through Bakauheni Port, Lampung Province. The study was conducted from October to December 2022 in Bengkulu Province, Lampung Province, and Jakarta Province, Indonesia. The ris...
Sumaira Kousar* and Safdar Ali Shirazi
...l and anthropogenic factors. This study endeavors to unravel the intricacies of soil erosion within the Swat district, employing the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model alongside cutting-edge Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques. The RUSLE model, celebrated for its simpl...
Mohammed A. El-Sayed1*, Mahmoud H Hatab2, Heba AEM Assi3, Nashaat S Ibrahim2, Hisham M Saleh2, Waheed AA Sayed2, Birgit A Rumpold4
...er organs, spleen, and bursa of Fabricius of quails when compared to diet A. The LBW, relative carcass weight, and measured organs of the diet A group were significantly impacted by the interaction of dietary treatment and HS, whereas these traits had no or minimal effects on the diet B and diet C groups. The HSP70 gene transcription level was highest in birds exposed to cyclic HS and fed control diet A, and lowest in birds in the diet C groups. Conclusively, ...
Amistu KU1,2*, Monahan FJ2, Wims P2, Yonatan KY1 , Fahey AG2, Takele TA3
...al cattle fattening farmers (n=306) using a semi-structured questionnaire. The majority (94.4%) of respondents depend on the mixed crop-livestock farming activity as a source of income. The major feed resources for beef cattle fattening during the dry season are Desho grass (30.7%), hay (15.0%), and crop residues (14.7%) as basal diets, whereas for the rainy season fatteners almost fully depend on natural pasture (97.7%). Ho...
Shaista Ilyas1, Safdar Ali1, Amer Habib1, Misbah Ali1,2, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan3*, Yasir Iftikhar3, Muhammad Usman Ghani4,5 and Muhammad Umair1
...istically by using Tukey’s honestly significant difference (HSD) test at 5% level of significance. The most effective treatment was the combination of all 3 chemicals that gave maximum disease control and 11.72% disease severity was recorded. Mungbean cultivars were also screened for the source of resistance against leaf spot disease and none was found immune and highly resistant. Correlation and regression analysis we...
Javed Hussain Umrani1, Roseena2, Ashfaq Ahmed3, Saba Iqbal2, Amtul Sami4, Mumtaz Ali Salito5 and Gulnaz Parveen2*
...s (TD1, TJ-83, Moomal, Sarsabz, Kiran-95) were obtained from different Agricultural Research Institutes of Sindh. The research was conducted in the Department of Crop Physiology, Faculty of Crop Production, Sindh Agriculture University, Tandojam, Sindh, Pakistan. In this research, seed germination and seedling growth were analyzed under a control environment. Each replication was treated with different NaCl solutions of 0&nb...
Stepanus Pakage*, Daud Krey, Trisiwi. Wahyu Widayati, Deny Anjelus Iyai, Agustinus Gatot Murwanto, Alnita Baaka, Daniel Yohanes Seseray, Djonly Woran
...aims to analyze the factors that affect the production and technical, allocative, and economic efficiency of Indigenous Papuan pig farmers in Manokwari Regency. The method used is the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) and Maximum Likelihood Estimation (MLE) methods on the Cobb-Douglas production function model and the Technical Efficiency Effect Model option. The results showed that piglets, feed, and firewood had an effect on pig...
Tahir Abbas Khan1*, Imran Ashraf1*, Athar Mahmood1, Muhammad Ilyas2, Sardar Alam Cheema1, Muhammad Mahmood Iqbal3 and Muhammad Umair Hassan1
...pment. Similarly, cultivars also differed significantly in terms of growth, yield and P utilization. Therefore, present study was performed to assess P efficient maize genotypes on the basis of growth and yield. The study was comprised different maize genotypes; CS-2Y10, KSC-SB 9663, FH-949, 30Y87, NT-6621 and DK-6789 and of diverse P levels; control (No P), 40 and 80 kg P ha-1. The maximum root length (RL), shoot length (SL...
Arnold Christian Tabun*, Ferdinan Suharjono Suek, Cardial L Leo Penu, Johanis A. Jermias, Thomas Lapenangga
...black and white coat colors are used with an age range of 3-5 years. DNA sequencing conducted multiple alignments, the identification of the genetic distance, and the preparation of phylogenetic trees using the software Mega X. The results of PCR sequencing of Bali cows with different coat colors in Kupang were 464 bp. Identification of single nucleotide polymorphism in Bali cows compared ...
Mahmood Davoodi-Omam, Hossein Mansoori Yarahmadi*, Jafar Fakhraei and Mehdi Changizi
...immune response of broilers. For this purpose, 540 one-day-old male broilers of Ross 308 strain were grown in a 3×3 factorial experiment with three levels of Globacid (0, 0.5, and 1 mL/L) and three levels of feed restriction intensity (0, 10, and 20%) in a completely randomized design with 9 experimental treatments, 6 replicates with 10 chickens in each replicate up to 42 days of age. The group containing Globacid (1 m...
Burarah Arooj1, Zeeshan Mutahir1, Moazzam Ali1, Mohsina Akhter2, Malik Siddique Mahmood1, Arslan Hamid3 and Mahjabeen Saleem1*
...eaks down chitin polymer’s β-1, 4-glycosidic bonds. Chitinases having high thermostability makes them suitable to use in different industrial sectors. A 1464-bp chitinase gene, from Paenibacillus sp. Y412MC10 was cloned and produced in E. coli BL21 cells using the pRSETB vector. Gel filtration and ion exchange chromatography were used to purif...
Nida Sadaqat1, Sheheyar Ahmed Khan1, Amna Bibi1, Sadaf Zahra1, Muhammad faisal Salamt1, Noreen Latief2 and Fatima Ali1*
...e of inflammatory mediators including reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS, RNS), which are implicated in pathophysiological events in burn patients. Excessive productions of free radicals are harmful and implicated in tissue damage and multiple organ failure. Supplementation of antioxidants has proven beneficial in decreasing free radicals in burns. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) on biochemical alter...
Murat Durmus* and Hasan Rüstü Kutlu
...ter feeding during the first five days of the feeding period on performance and carcass characteristics. After hatching, experimental chicks were divided into sex by employing 2 by 2 factorial design chick quality (low and high) and two feeding regimes as the main effects in each sex. Thus, four treatment groups (low quality on starter feed, low quality on pre-starter+starter feed, high quality on starter feed, high quality on pre-starter+starter feed) were ar...
Sami Ullah1, Choudary Ihtasham Ali1, Umar Ijaz Ahmed1*, Shoaib Nasir1 and Amjad Masood2
...ther socio-economic factors. In Pakistan, cooking oil is used in two forms; vegetable oil and hydrogenated oil which is commonly known as vanaspati ghee. Over time, due to changing eating preferences, health concerns, and quality issues, vegetable oil is rapidly replacing vanaspati ghee in the country. This study has investigated the impact of taste and health preferences and other factors on the choice of cooking medium. In...
Muhammad Hasnain1*, Ghulam Mustafa2, Asif-ur-Rehman3, Ali Raza4, Abrar Ahmad4, Taj Muhammad4, Muhammad Rafiq Shahid4, Umair Faheem5, Muhammad Shahid4, Muhammad Akram4 and Muhammad Kashif Nadeem5
...cv. ‘Rataul No. 12’ is one of Pakistan’s finest mango cultivars. It produces small to medium-sized fruits that are flavorful, fragrant, and well-suited for preserving. Assessment of the pre-harvest amino acids application on the postharvest life of mangoes cv. ‘Rataul No. 12’ was done. The effect of amino acids on mango cult...
Nadeem Akmal1, Abid Hussain1*, Muhammad Yousaf2, Waqar Akhtar1 and Hassnain Shah1
... is supporting rice farmers through the knowledge dissemination and service provision in the country for the mechanization of rice crop. In this article economic comparison of mechanical and conventional rice sowing methods in the rice-wheat cropping zone of the Punjab province has been made by applying economic analysis technique. As, Basmati-Super and Basmati- 386 are main rice varieties grown in the country. Thus, this study is based on data of 46 purposive...
Bdour Muhammed Al-Shweily1*, Jawad Bulbul Al-Zaidawi2, Muhammed Jubair Hanawi1
... control. Due to the adverse effects of chemical pesticides on consumer health, particularly human health, the pursuit of alternative safe measures has been paramount. Among the prominent alternatives, biological control has garnered attention, wherein environmentally safe organisms such as nematodes and fungi are employed. This study examines their efficacy in controlling the insect larvae and pupae. The integration of thes...
Frah Razzaq Kbyeh1, Ahmed N. Abedsalih2*
...y at 37°C for 24-48 hrs on blood agar, MacConkey agar as well as biochemical tests identified special media and the isolates. The isolates were confirmed and diagnosed by Vitek assay. In this study, forty-eighth adult female rabbit aged (6-8 weeks) and weighing between (1500 and 2000) gm., was randomly divided into six equal groups(8/each) as follow positive control(PC) , negative control(NC) diclofenac in 1mg/kg(DC), ciprofloxacin in 7 mg/kg(CIP), com...
Comparing Traditional and Contemporary Approaches to Integrated Pest Management in Major Field Crops
Muneer Abbas1*, Sohail Abbas2, Imran Faraz3, Niaz Hussain1, Muhammad Aslam1, Muhammad Irshad1, Mudassar Khaliq1, Abdul Ghaffar1, Zubeda Parveen1, Muhammad Nadeem1, Sana Ullah4* and Malik Akhtar Iqbal5
...est Management (IPM) offers a promising solution by reducing the reliance on insecticides. Many countries worldwide have successfully adopted IPM techniques to manage crop pests. However, in countries like Pakistan, the adoption of IPM practices remains limited among farmers, resulting in a lack of significant success stories in this regard. In light of the challenges posed by pest adaptation and pesticide resistance in the ...
Fatima Ali1*, Rimsha Tahir1 and Tahir Rehman Samiullah2
...the last thousands of years, however its effectiveness in clinical trials not yet been fully recognized. It is now known that honey acts as a biologic wound dressing with multiple bioactivities. Major aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of honey in combination with N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) for the treatment of excisional wounds in rats. Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were inflicted with excisional wounds. Wounds were treated with honey as control group and...
Meryem Betmezoğlu1*, Dilek Arsoy2 and Mahmut Çerkez Ergören3
...important for the Cyprus’s agricultural diversity Therefore, the allele frequencies of Caprine Prnp gene variants should be well understood for goat breeding programs in Northern Cyprus. This current study was designed to determine the putative allele frequencies and genotype distributions of Caprine Prnp gene variations in Northern Cyprus Damascus, Cyprus Native Hair and hybrid...
Omar Berkani1*, Souheila Slimani2, Nora Sakhraoui3 and Cherif Abdennour1
...d a fall of flying feathers in the 8th and 10th weeks, which assert the testicular regression. Compared to the control, CYP1 and CYP2 increased the testicular weights significantly during the last weeks by delaying the refractory phase until the end of the experimental period, while most of spermatozoa were malformed or dead. Various histopathological alterations including a decrease in interstitial space, an enlarged lumen,...
Mamona Jabeen1, Sumra Naz1, Hina Amjad1, Khalid Abbas1*, Sajid Abdullah1, Muhammad Anjum Zia2, Taqwa Safdar1 and Muhammad Sarfraz Ahmed1
...ies using molecular markers is important for their management regarding the evaluation of the potential genetic effects induced by anthropogenic interventions. The genetic variability among five natural populations of Channa marulius was studied by using five microsatellite loci in a total of 150 individuals. The C. marulius population exhibited a moderate level of heterozygosity. The mean value of observed heterozygosity ranged between 0.700 – 0.833 whi...
Muhammad Nadeem1, Jamshaid Iqbal2, Tariq Mustafa3, Gul Rehman2, Muhammad Faisal Shahzad2, Muhammad Younas4,5*, Aftab Ahmad Khan6, Ameer Hamza2, Abdul Ghaffar1 and Muneer Abbas1
...living organisms, Predators, parasitoids and microorganisms likewise fungi, bacteria and viruses has proven to be a viable and sustainable pest management technique. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) are currently used as biocontrol agents and are alternatives of synthetic insecticides in sustainable agriculture. The bio-efficacy of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF); Metarhizium anisopliae (PacerMA), Verticillium lecanii (Zimm) (Mealikil-VL), Isaria fumosorosea (Wise) a...
Rahamdad Khan1, Saad Muhammad2, Muhammad Haroon3, Saad Jan1 and Syed Majid Rasheed1*
...ced light duration (2 hours), plant growth performance (i.e., biomass, plant height, leaf area, and number of branches) was all reduced. In addition, with increasing light duration (9 hours), both species grew faster and recorded their maximum biomass plant height, leaf area, and number of branches. Both weed species grown under reduced light duration could not reach maturity and complete their life cycles. P. hysterophorus ...
Momina Raheem1, Muhammad Fiaz2*, Muhammad Mushtaq1, Umana Niazi1, Evelyn Saba3 and Mansoor Abdullah3
...ths after lambing on ewe’s and lamb’s performance in Salt Range sheep. Pregnant sheep (n = 12) were chosen and divided into 3 equal treatment groups. Ewes in control (T0), T1 and T2 treatment groups were supplemented with CRS at 0, 25 and 50 g/d, respectively. Data of parameters were collected and analyzed ...
Waqas Alam1, Sar Zamin Khan1 and Rifat Ullah Khan2*
...tal of 200 broiler breeders (22 weeks old) having uniform body weight were selected and randomly distributed into cage (60.96 × 60.96 × 53.34 cm) and floor housing systems having 90 females and 10 males. Each group was subdivided into three replicates (30/replicate female). Hubbard management guideline was followed for feeding, watering, and vaccination. Egg quality parameters were evaluated at pre-peak (22-30 we...
Haiyan Nan, Ran Feng, Guiling Zhang and Jingqin Liu*
...ion and clinical parameters, lack of carotid lower extremity ultrasonography, and 450 subjects participated in the study. There were 268 male patients with an average age of 54.35±6.37 and 182 female patients with an average age of 56.67±7.19. 450 healthy people were enrolled for the control group. According to the experimental requirements, the subjects were divided into two groups: the control group (healthy people without T2DM, n=450); the T2D...
Saima Naz1, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha2, Rifat Ullah Khan3*, Saba Iqbal1, Nimra Amjad1, Azka Kiran1, Ammara Javed1, Maria Lateef1 and Amna Nawaz1
...n about current fish diversity at famous public place at Panjnad Headworks, Punjab, Bahawalpur, Pakistan. All fish samples were collected from three different sites (Panjnad, Abasia, Abu Dhabi canal) during February 2020 to January 2021 using different fish inclusive. The evident fish groups found were Cyprinids, Catfishes and others including (Channa punctata, Oreochromis niloticus, Oreochromis mossambicus, Bagarius bagariu...
Bayanda Mdoda*, Faith Machabi, Busisani Wiseman Lembede, Eliton Chivandi
...ain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were computed. On slaughter, GIT and accessory GIT viscera organs were extracted and small and large intestine lengths and mass were measured. Empty carcass mass was measured and the dressing percentage was computed. Across growth phases and overall, dietary zingerone had similar effects (p > 0.05) as ZnBcn on the chicken’s TBM, BMG, ADG, FI, and FCR. It also had similar ef...
Ayoola J. Shoyombo1, Ake A. Moses1, Comfort I. Ukim2, Mustapha A. Popoola2, Olayinka O. Alabi1, Noah C. Edozie1, Faith Ogbor1, Jacob Kuusu1, Ekemini M. Okon3*
...he male. Also, both genders tend to be significantly influenced by seasonal variations regarding their reproductive physiology; thus, proper management procedures must be designed to capitalize on these findings for profitability.
...
...
Zeyad Kamal Imari
...r 11 to 42 day old broilers. Three hundred and sixty commercial broiler chickens were used in this study. The broiler chickens were randomly placed in 36 pens with 6 groups, each group contained 6 pens with 10 birds for each pen. Six experimental diets with different levels of calcium (Ca) were formulated to be as follows: 1.4% Ca, 1.2% Ca, 1% Ca, 0.8% Ca, 0.6% Ca and 0.4% Ca. The polynomial regression equations were used to estimate nutritional requirements ...
Syed Nouman Shah1, Anees Ur Rahman1, Abdul Kabir1,2*, Midrar Ullah3, Shahab Ahmad Nawaz1, Muhammad Said1, Abdul Hafeez Bukero1, Maaz Ahmad1 and Muhammad Sadiq1
...ices, and mycotoxin binders. We found that proper harvest and ensiling techniques; silage additives and preservatives that prevent fungal growth; regular monitoring of storage conditions and feed samples; well-mixed feed formulations with mycotoxin binders; diversified feed ingredients and optimized feed processing techniques can reduce mycotoxin levels in silage and their negative impacts...
Abnet Mekonnen1*, Kadir Abderehman1 and Feti Seyaka2
...ine and bupivacaine. Understanding the pharmacology of local anesthetics enables the anesthetists to predict the potency, speed of onset, duration of action and safety of a specific drug in a given clinical situation. A local anaesthetic disrupts ion channel function within the neuron cell membrane preventing the transmission of the neuronal action potential while general anesthetics like ketamine disrupt pathways within the cerebrum and stimulates the reticul...
Olabode, H.O.K1, Mailafia, S1, Martha Echioda-Ogbole1*, Ameh, J.A1, Amadi, K.I1 and Meseko C.A2
...ppraisal of poultry farmers’ knowledge, attitude and practice in Abuja Municipal Area Council, Nigeria. One hundred (100) blood samples collected randomly post slaughter from chickens in live bird markets were screened and characterized using Agar Gel Immuno Diffusion and Haemagglutination Inhibition Tests at the Avian Influenza laboratory, of the National Veterinary Research Institute, Vom Plateau State. A structured ...
Khwaja Junaid and Shah Alam Khan
...netics, Agriculture University Peshawar, by following the method of Heinrichs et al. (1985). In our findings the screened genotypes falls in to different categories as 16 genotypes are highly susceptible, 6 are susceptible, 5 are moderately susceptible, 5 are moderately resistant, and only 3 tested genotypes proved resistance against the Cnaphalocrocis medinalis while none of the screened genotype falls in the category of highly resistance against RLF. These r...
Saime Betül Baygeldi1, Barıs Can Güzel1*, Ramazan Ilgün2 and Zait Ender Özkan1
...btained from goose breeders. After the micro-anatomical features of the German goose tongue were determined, SEM (FEI-Quanta; FEG 250, USA) analyzes were made and their general structures were photographed. Then, silicone plastination processes were applied at room temperature. The SEM images of the fresh material and the plastinated material were compared by taking the SEM images again. As a result, it was determined that the features of the tongue were prese...
Akram Ali Baloch1*, Adeel Ahmad2, Kaleem U. Kakar3, Sara Naudhani1, Samiullah Khan1, Agha Muhammad Raza3, Imrana Niaz Sultan1, Humaira Zahid4, Saadullah3 and Shakeela Daud1*
...with onset in teenage years of a progressively stubborn seizure disorder which brings declining mental function, dementia and finally death within ten years after the first symptoms. Lafora disease is defective in two well-known genes EPM2A and EPM2B. EPM2B (NHLRC1) consists of one large exon of 1188 bps. It encodes 395 amino acid protein called Malin comprising a zinc finger of the Ring-t...
Fatimah A. Al-Saeed
...h interest from researchers and governments. Globally, the environment is suffering from the increased rates of pollution that seriously threaten the stability of the ecosystem and living organisms. Currently, the environment is increasingly exposed to chemical pollutants, including heavy metals, which affect humans, animals and plants. Cadmium (Cd) is a heavy metal known as a toxic factor to humans, animals and plants. Saudi Arabia is enriched with medicinal ...
Dhurgham K. Seger1, Rahman H. H. Al Qasimi2, Azhar A. Jaffar3, Salah H. Faraj4, Ahmed I. Ateya5*
...nces laboratory of the Marshes Research Center/Thi-Qar University. Sequencing technology was used to detect mutations in SSTR1 gene. The results of the multiple alignment analysis of the sequence of SSTR1 gene indicated the presence of one mutation 264 A>G. The obtained mutation produced three genotypes, namely AA, AG, and GG. The frequency of the genotypes AA, AG and GG were 0.50, 0.17 and 0.33, respectively. While the f...
Nazia Haider, Asia Bibi* and Nahid Kausar
...ate the association of first trimester repeated spontaneous miscarriages with hematological profile, blood group and age. This case-control study was conducted at the laboratories of Zoology department The Women University Multan and the Department of Hematology, Nishter Hospital Multan, from June 2016 to Dec 2019. A total of 500 participants, 300 with spontaneous abortion and 200 healthy pregnant controls in fi
...
Rabail Hassan Toor1,3, Raazia Tasadduq2, Jane B. Lian3, Janet L. Stein3, Gary S. Stein3 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori1*
... line as osteoclast precursors, and resveratrol (RSV) as a standard for its anti-osteoclast activity. Upon RANK-L induction of RAW264.7 cells to differentiate into osteoclasts, we found 10ng/ml CQ-H as most efficacious concentration for inhibiting osteoclastogenesis with 57.8% inhibition of TRAP activity. Whereas, in comparison 20ng/ml
Blessing Ndenum Peter1, Olufemi Bolarinwa Adedeji1, Reuben Chukwuka Okocha2,3*, Ekemini Moses Okon4
...d in Nigeria, and consumers are unaware of the risk of ready-to-eat (RTE) shrimps purchased in Ibadan seafood markets. Therefore, this study determined the microbial quality of ready-to-eat shrimps from three major seafood markets in Ibadan. Ready-to-eat shrimps were collected from 80 outlets at the three major seafood markets in Ibadan (50 from Bodija, 15 from Alesinloye and 15 from Eleyele) and checked for microbial presence, microbial counts, and antibiotic...
Yunilas1*, Muheri Indra Aja Nasution2, Edhy Mirwandhono1, Adi Fathul Qohar3
...uce the chitin content first by fermentation using organic acids. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of using organic acids (propionic acid and formic acid) and various fermentation times in reducing the BSFP chitin content. Completely Randomized Design (CRD), factorial 3 x 3 with three replications. Factor I was various doses of organic acid (3%, 6%, 9%), and Factor II was different fermentation times (5 d, 10 d, 15 d). The treatment had a si...
Razia Sultana1, Shinawar Waseem Ali1*, Ghulam Murtaza2 and Shahid Mahmood2
...the health of its consumers. For decades yogurt has been prepared traditionally by the method of back-slopping. Recently, it is also prepared commercially by using bacteria in different combinations. In this study, we aimed to detect and identify bacteria present in locally processed yogurt using the advanced next-generation sequencing (NGS) method. Yogurt samples were collected from open-air shops located in different areas of Pakistan. All yogurt samples wer...
Rimsha Ijaz, Rida Zahra, Naseer Ali Shah*, Haroon Ahmed, Nazish Bostan and Sadia Sattar
...imately (6%) of Pakistan’s population. HCV is RNA virus and there are seven primary genotypes and 67 subtypes in it. Determination of genotype is important for treatment and medication response. This study aimed to calculate the frequency of HCV infection and pattern of genotype distribution in suspected individuals of Pakistan. Samples were gathered in between 2018 to 2021 from three different biomedical laboratories for this study. A total of 4827 susp...
Muhammad Haseeb Malik2, Muhammad Moaeen-ud-Din1*, Ghazal Kaukab Raja2 and Feroza Hamid Wattoo2
... standard molecular markers for Sahiwal to ascertain their purity for breeding purpose. In this study 50 and 48 unrelated males were sampled for each Sahiwal and Crossbred cattle respectively. Candidate molecular markers present in Sahiwal but absent in Crossbred and vice versa were detected using amplified fragment length polymorphism method. Eleven markers...
Kusuma Adhianto*, Mika Tania Sidabutar, Liman, Arif Qisthon
... by day and now researchers are trying to use agriculture waste to overcome the scarcity of feed. In current experiment, corn cobs, an agriculture waste, were ammoniated with urea and used in the feed of Brahman cross cattle to determine their effects on the performance. This research was conducted between October and December 2021, involving Brahman cross cows (n=9) aged 8-12 months. The study utilized a randomized block design (RBD) with three treatments and...
Salma Jameel Askar
... of hematological disorders, and act as antioxidant. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of sub-chronic exposure to meloxicam, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, on hematological alterations and liver functions parameters in albino male rats and to determine the effects of Beetroots ethanolic extract in alleviation these alterations. Eighteen male albino rats were used, and they were divided into three groups ...
Wei Fang1,2,3, Jiawei Hong1,2,3,4, Zhengyi Fu1,2,3, Jing Hu1,2,3, Gang Yu1,2,3, Zhenhua Ma1,2,3* and Humin Zong5*
...d protein encoded by NNV’s RNA2. This research not only provided a theoretical basis for the breeding of anti-NVV, but also made up for the gap in the research field of anti-NVV of E. fuscoguttatus....
Khadija Begum, Azizunnessa and Md Ahaduzzaman*
...rent reproductive disorders. Results show that 12.41% (382/3079) reproductive disorders in does were recorded during the study period. The major reproductive disorders were anestrous (72.25%, 276/382), followed by retained placenta (6.8%, 26/382), and repeat breeding syndrome (4.19%, 16/382). Significant variation in prevalence estimates was observed considering the season (P=0.02) but not...
Muhammad Abdul Mannan1,2, Sharmin Chowdhury2, Md Abul Hashem3,4 and Md. Hazzaz Bin Kabir1,5*
...tions and a thorough understanding of the epidemiology is crucial. This study aimed to improve the understanding of the molecular epidemiology of Haemonchus contortus in sheep and goat carcasses in the Chattogram Metropolitan area in Bangladesh. A sample of 400 abomasa (150 from sheep and 250 from goats) was collected from five different slaughterhouses in the Chattogram Metropolitan area and analyzed using morphological and...
Nabi Ullah, Abdul Samad Mumtaz*, Lubna Anjum Minhas, Muhammad Kaleem, Rooma Waqar, Amber Jabeen and Ayesha Hanif
...l link between algal diversity and water physico-chemical parameters in District Bajaur, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Total of 52 algal species belonging to 2 classes, 6 orders, 13 families, 22 genera, were reported from the four different sites (E1, E2, E3 and E4) of District Bajaur Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. Comprehensive investigation of four research stations revealed the phytoplankton dive
Mahmoud Mohamed Ahmed Youssef and Wafaa Mohamed Abd - El-Hameed El-Nagdi
...ed fresh leaves and flowers at concentrations of 2.5, 5.0 and 10.0 % were bioassayed against root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita second stage juveniles (J2s). The obtained results revealed that the tested extracts at 10% caused 100% nematode mortality at 72 h of exposure followed by the other concentrations with the percentages of net mortality ranging from 49 at the lowest concentration of mashed leaves to 100% at the highest concentration of mashed lea...
Zhipeng Song1,2, Jialiang Xin1,3, Xiaoli Wei1,2, Abula Zulipiya1,3, Kadier Kedireya1,2 and Xinmin Mao1,3*
...in. Among the above factors, the combination effect of SYK and marein was the most ideal. To conclude marein can improve glucose and lipid metabolism disorders in db/db mice after a treatment period, so it has positive significance for the prevention and treatment of diabetes. Marein can act on SYK, VEGF and PI3K/AKT factors and change the expression of fibrosis and inflammatory facto
Skorykh Larisa Nikolayevna1*, Fominova Irina Olegovna1, Kovalenko Dmitriy Vadimovich1, Skokova Antonina Vladimirovna1, Dmitrik Irina Ivanovna1, Kizilova Natalia Igorevna2 and Violeta Caro Petrovic3
...ay act as potential markers of sheep meat productivity. However, until now there is no information on the influence of these genes on the indicators of meat productivity of sheep of Russian breeds. Based on this, the purpose of this research was to study the polymorphism of the CAST and GH genes in meat and wool sheep of the ½ Poll Dorset x ½ North Caucasian meat - wool genot...
Muhammad Faizan1, Muhammad Nasir1, Muhammad Waqar Hassan1*, Ghulam Sarwar2 and Moazzam Jamil3
...WP-white). Study of factors which could affect egg output of C. maculatus included seed coat color, texture and see size and among which beetles laid more eggs due to dark color of seeds while there was no strong effect of seed texture and seed size on egg output by C. maculatus. Study of other factors included seed hardness which was maximum in chickpea genotypes followed by cowpea in descending order and least seed hardnes...
Bilal Ahmed Shah1, Muhammad Avais1*, Jawaria Ali Khan1, Masood Rabbani2, Aftab Ahmad Anjum2, Muhammad Asad Ali2, Muhammad Awais1, Sohail Ahmad3 and Shahan Azeem2*
...st showed no general adverse reactions to the vaccines when injected either into mice or rabbits or cow calves. Challenge protection studies revealed a significantly higher survival rate in vaccinated mice and rabbits compared to placebo groups. None of the vaccines when streaked onto culture media showed any growth indicating sterility of the vaccines. Repeated measures ANOVA was applied to compare mean O.D values of treatment groups for evaluation of humoral...
Liyun Chang*, Yazi Li, Yumei Cai and Chenghui Li
...e designed specific primers based on the conserved gene sequences of the three pathogens available in GenBank. After optimization of the reaction conditions and system, we successfully established a novel multiplex PCR method for detection of the aforementioned three pathogens. The results show that the amplified fragments of interest were 280 bp, 151 bp, and 111 bp for BVDV, BRV, and BCV, respectively. The method had no cross-reaction to Escherichia coli, Sal...
Swagata Das Gupta1, Majharul Islam1, Towhida Kamal2,Md. Rayhan Faruque3,Md. Shohel Al Faruk4*
...mmon case of pigeon cankers was diagnosed in two pigeons 40 days of age who came to S.A. Quaderi Teaching Veterinary Hospital, Chattogram Veterinary and Animal Sciences University (CVASU).Clinical history indicated that the birds were taking both food and water from the same source, clinical investigations showed greenish diarrhea, and post-mortem studies revealed hepatomegaly, congested heart, and proventricu...
Komal Mukhtar*, Saba Yasin, Husna Ahmad, Muhammad Amir Iqbal and Nabila Roohi
...on hematological parameters were assessed in this investigation. For this purpose, 20 healthy controls and 25 male painters in the age range of 23-65 years, persistently engaged in domestic painting were approached. Unpaired student t-test was used for statistical analysis. There was a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in RBC in the painte
Tehreem Iqbal1, Roheela Yasmeen1* and Faheem Hafeez2
...ia at 225 mg/kg/BW 24 hours before BPA) and the post-treated group (CG3; post-treated with C. cassia at 225 mg/kg/BW 24 hours before BPA). In the experiment Sprague Dawley rats were fed by BPA that was followed by the intake of C. cassia at 225 mg/kg/BW of the rat. Liver (Total bilirubin, alkaline phosphate test, Lactate dehydrogenase, and alanine amino transferase) and kidney (Blood Urea Nitrogen, Creatinine, and Uric acid)...
Muhammad Fiaz Qamar1*, Tahir Hussain1, Iram Liaqat2, Madiha Kiran1 and Abdur Rahman Ansari1
...l as on the banks of rivers. These birds are also kept as pets by the fanciers in the city in small cages. The aim of current study was to determine the parasitic burden in doves through the routine laboratory procedures. The prevalence of Eimeria and Capillaria spp. were recorded as 75% and 25% respectively in district Jhang. Whereas, mixed infection (Eimeria spp. + Capillaria spp.) was not detected in the examined birds. E...
Asmaa A Darwish*
...nicopathological parameters were estimated and statistically analyzed. Diseased rams displayed a significant (P<0.05) increase in the pro-inflammatory cytokines, acute phase proteins, free radicals, globulin, triglycerides, kidney function tests, and liver enzymes concentrations and a significant (P<0.05) decrease in IL-10, antioxidants, total protein, albumin, glucose, total lipids, cholesterol, minerals, electrolytes, and trace elements concentrations....
Durairaja Ramulu1*, Jawahar Paulraj2, Jayakumar Natarajan1, Sudhan Chandran1 Sudhir Kumar Das3, Suresh Eswaran4, Santhakumar Rajagopal5 and Padmavathy Pandurangan6
...th and mortality parameters and catch per unit effort. The estimated slope b values for three cyprinids were found to be within the expected range and r2 showed high degree of correlation. The estimated growth parameters of Mirgal, Cirrhinus mrigala (Hamiltoon, 1832) (L∞ 89.25 cm, K 0.8y-1), Blackspot barb, Dawkinsia filamentosa (Valenciennes, 1844) (L∞ 22.05 cm, K 0.68y-1) and Roho labeo, Labeo rohita (Hamilton,...
Fariha Qahar and Muhammad Sayyar Khan*
...tobacco under 35S promoters in various compartments of the cell, which includes cytosol, plastids, and mitochondria in transgenic lines, resulted in enhanced tolerance in terms of lesser wilting and pigment discoloration to induced stress compared to non-transformed plants. In terms of approximate percentage damage, under 14% H2O2stress,30-60% of the leaf area turned necrotic in the single overexpression lines compared to 95% damage in the wild-type plants. Wh...
Naeem Akhtar1*, Sana Noureen1, Muhammad Asif2, Ahsan Aziz2, Usman Saleem1, Talat Mahmood3, Nadeem Raza4 and Waqas Raza5
...esses. Among biotic factors, sugarcane mosaic virus (SCMV) is one of the most devastating factors that causes significant losses of sugarcane production. Here we are reporting the assessment of genetic variation among sugarcane accessions based on morphological parameters, SCMV severity, incidence and resistance/tolerance. The experiment was conducted in College of Agriculture, Unive
Aryaf Mahmood Sabea1*, Majida A. Al-Qaiym2
...phages were affected inversely by hypothyroidism. Selenium supplementation synergies levothyroxine in reestablishment the activity of lymphocytes and macrophages. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that thyroid hormones had regulatory role for innate and adaptive, and in order to reach the best result of treating hypothyroidism and improving the activity of the immune cells , selenium must be given with the Levothyroxine ...
Ahmed Jaafar Mousa*, Nothaila Rasheed Hamid
...tract. The present study’s goal would be to study the prevalence and genetic characteristics of T. gallinae in racing pigeons in Thi-Qar province, Iraq, utilizing the ITS1-5.8s rRNA-ITS2 gene. 100 samples were collected from racing pigeons between September and December 2022. The swabs were taken from the throat, pharynx, crop, and esophagus with a cotton swab. Utilizing direct smear and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, 30 (30%) of the 100 col...
Mustafa M. Khalaf*, Rana A. Salih
...es and autoimmune disorders are treated with cyclophosphamide (CPA). However, as a result of its serious negative consequences, including liver damage associated with oxidative stress, its therapeutic usage is restricted. The most potent antioxidant among flavonoid chemicals is quercetin, the aim of this study was to evaluate the protective effect of quercetin against cyclophosphamide. An explanation of quercetin’s hep...
Qiangsheng Wu1, Yumei Yin2, Hui Gao1, Baoding Chen3, Jianjun Yu2, Jian Zhang4, Donglai Zhu5, Fang Liu6, Guohong Ge7 and Ya-Mei Dang8*
...specific diagnostic markers for hepatocellular carcinoma is the critical reason for its increasing mortality. In this study, a microarray containing 24 hepatocellular carcinoma patients’ tumor tissues were compared to 8 normal liver tissues to screen out the significant abnormal expressed genes. The potential interactions and mechanisms of these genes in promoting hepatocellular carcinoma were analyzed through bioinfor...
Guo-Hai Wang1, Ji-Feng Long2, Li-Juan Wei3, Zhi Qin2, Wei Yao4, Chuang-Bin-Tang1* and Qi-Hai Zhou4*
...ext-align: justify;">Understanding wildlife activity and the temporal niches of animals is fundamental in revealing the mechanism of niche differentiation among sympatric species and the coexistence of such species communities. However, there is no clarity on whether the activity patterns of the sympatric species red-bellied squirrels (Callosciurus erythraeus) and Northern tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) overlap; knowledge on the coexistence mechanism of these ...
Mohamed I. El-Katcha1, Mosaad A. Soltan1, Seham M. El-Kassas2*, Mahmoud M. Arafa3, El-Sayed R. Kawarei 3, Karima M. El-Naggar1*
...ical constituents of layers. Three hundred, 55 weeks old of Isa Brown hens were randomly allotted into 5 groups. First group received CuO at 8 mg/kg diet, while the second and third group supplemented with the organic form of Cu (copper polysaccharide complex) at 8 and 4 mg/kg diet, respectively. Fourth and fifth group received the Cu as nanoparticles (CuO-NPs) at the same levels of the organic form, respectively. Birds fed ...
Wen Xiong1*, Shengao Chen2, Dong Xie3, Qiang Wang4, Yanxia Li5, Lei Pan6, Xiaolei Ren7*, Wei Tang8*, Kang Chen9 and Ross N. Cuthbert10
...fy;">Freshwater fish diversity is imperiled by multiple stressors with global change, including invasive species and habitat loss. There is an urgent need to establish synthesized baseline information pertaining to current ecological communities to quantify future change and identify habitats to protect. The Qiantang River is the largest river in the Zhejiang Province, located in the southeast of China, with extensive fisher...
Muhammad Altaf1*, Arshad Javid2, Abdul Majid Khan3, Sadia Nazer4, Irfan5, Khalid Javed Iqbal6, Muhammad Sultan Haider7 and Sana Ashraf7
...ts on wild mammalian diversity around river Chenab in Sialkot, Gujrat and Gujranwala districts, Punjab, Pakistan. The mammalian diversity was recorded from May, 2013 through April, 2014 along forested landscapes, cultivated plantations, semi-urban and urban areas. The data on diversity and distribution of various mammalian species of the study area were collected through linear count metho...
Weidong Liu, Jiashen Tian, Zhen Wang, Zhongren Kong, Jiabo Han and Zhichuang Lu*
...llected. The genetic diversity and population structure of this population were investigated using mitochondrial ND4L and D-loop sequences, and the results were compared with the same population in 2005. The haplotype diversity of Liaodong Gulf spotted seals was low compared to other spotted seal populations in other habitats. Fortunately, the genetic diversity of the current Liaodong Gulf...
Syed Shakeel Shah1, Ayesha Jameel1, Sabila Afzal1*, Muhammad Zubair2, Iram Fatima Bokhari1
...olesale markets and vendors in Narowal were analyzed for parasitic contamination. Five vegetables, including coriander (Corriandum sativum), spinach (Spinacia oleracea), mint (Mentha viridus), green chili (Capsicum annum) and carrot (Davcus carota), were examined in our study. One hundred forty-five samples of different vegetables were collected and processed. 200 grams of each vegetable sample was centrifuged, followed by sedimentation and floatation to recov...
KHALID JAVED IQBAL1, ARSHAD JAVID2, NOOR KHAN3, IRFAN BABOO4, AHMED ALI5, KASHAF
MOHSIN6, AZRA ANWER7, USMAN ATIQUE8, MUHAMMAD ALTAF9, DILAWAR HUSSAIN10 & ASMA
CHAUDHRY11
...education of fish consumers. Percentage
of those fish consumers found to be higher which were with age of <25
(43%), master passed (40%), students (49%). Quality, quantity and
effectiveness of fish consumption were also found to cause a
considerable difference across consumer‘s attitude. Based on type of
meat, quantity and effectiveness of fish consumption,...
MAH NOOR KHAN, NABILA ROOHI, BILAL JAVED & MUHAMMAD AMIR IQBAL*
...ol filling stations workers through ELISA. A total of 44 exposed individuals (25 automobile workshop and 19 petrol filling station workers) having an age range of 24-45 were recruited from Lahore city. Twenty one (21) healthy controls of the same age range were recruited from University of the Punjab, Lahore. A significant decline (P ≤ 0.05) of T3 was seen in automobile worke
MISBAH RAZZAQ, MUHAMMAD RAIS*, MUHAMMAD ARSLAN ASADI, SALEHA ABBASI &
ABDULLAH IBRAHIMv
...in the species for the first time. The
lizard species feeds on non-woody vegetation such as grasses, herbs
and shrubs and also ingests insects....
lizard species feeds on non-woody vegetation such as grasses, herbs
and shrubs and also ingests insects....
SYED SHAHID IMRAN BUKHARI*, ZULFIQAR ALI & RIDA AHMAD
...iv>
μg/m3 24-hours mean value for PM10). It was noticed that many
anthropogenic activities like cleaning, cooking, movement of people and
smoking were the principal indoor sources of particulate pollution and
observed to have a significant impact on PM levels. The study is
significant for being the first of its kind, as previously no data is available
focus...
RUBAB ZAFAR KAHLON*& IBTISAM BUTT
...he bird richness and diversity in the Rawalpindi division of
Punjab during 2007-2015. Secondary sources of data were utilized for the
study. The district-wise data for 12 bird species was obtained from the
Zoological Survey of Pakistan, Islamabad and Arid Agriculture University,
Rawalpindi from 2007-2015. The collected data was arranged and
tabulated in Microsoft Ex...
MALIK ASIF HUSSAIN
...als.
The layers of biofilm provide a protective cover around bacteria and
hinder penetration of these agents deep. Furthermore, this tolerance also
helps them to survive against immune system, as immune system cells
and other components cannot penetrate through layers of biofilm. This
review paper discusses important aspects of biofilm formation, clinical
SHEHLA AKBAR*, SAIQA ISHTIAQ*, KHALID HUSSAIN, ANS MUNIR & SAIRA REHMAN
...tence
of diverse primary and secondary metabolites in Misopates orontium and
thus rationalizes its use in traditional medicines for the cure of different
aliments
...
FARZANA SIDDIQUE*1, NAZIMA FIRDOSE2, MUHAMMAD ARSHAD2, WARDAH HASSAN2
& SHAFAAT YAR KHAN2
...ts are of concern as adverse health
effects exerted by deltamethrin and malathion are well known. The results
of this study confirm the risks of pesticide residues exposure that threaten
consumer health in all districts of Sargodha. So, it is recommended that
the pesticide residue monitoring programs must be instituted in Pakistan.
...
SAIMA SHARIF*, NIMRA PERVEEN, SHAGUFTA NAZ, TASNIM FARASAT, FARKHANDA MANZOOR,
ASMA ABDUL-LATIF & FARZANA RASHID
...studies had shown an inverse association between dietary
calcium intake and weight loss so the present study was aimed to
investigate the association between dietary calcium intake and body
mass indices. This cross-sectional study was conducted to investigate the
association between dietary calcium intake and anthropometric
correlates. 1000 people (492 males and 508 females) were randomly
...
IRAM MUJAHID IQBAL1*, ASAD SHABBIR1, 2, KANZA SHABBIR1, MAHAM NAVEED1, FAREIHA UROOJ1,
AQSA BUTT1, RAEES KHAN3, NIDHAN SINGH4 & FIRDAUS-E-BAREEN1
...v>conservation. The University of the Punjab (PU) is one of the oldest and
largest seat of higher education learning in Pakistan with its two main
academic campuses located in the city of Lahore. Besides several oncampus
plantations, PU has a dedicated botanical garden established in
1963. We documented all the tree species of the botanical garden and
both of the campuses through extensive surveys dur...
SAGHIR AHMAD*, WARDA HANIF & SANA YOUNAS
... from sheep, goats, farmers and non-farmer humans (160 each). Blood sera were examined to detect anti-Toxoplasma antibodies (IgG) by employing latex agglutination test (LAT). The findings showed the seroprevalence of T. gondii 36.25% (58/160) for sheep, 28.1% (45/160) for goats, 21.2% (34/160) for farmers and 6.8% (11/160) for non-farmers. A significant difference (P-value 0.00; OR: 3.655;...
SHEZA AYAZ KHILJI1* ZAHOOR AHMAD SAJID2 & SONIA GHULAM BARI1
...physico-chemical parameters in the different concentrations of the industrial effluents were recorded. The values of these parameters increased with increasing the concentrations of the wastewater. Heavy metals analyzed in the different concentrations of effluents were in the order of Cr > Cd > Pb. The growth parameters like shoot length, root length, fresh weight of leaves and roots...
MUHAMMAD ASLAM*, ASAD GULZAR, AMINA ASGHAR, MISBAH IRSHAD, ZAHRA NOREEN, SADAF JAVAID, ABRAR HUSSAIN, UMAIR AHMAD & SAMREEN KOUSAR
...above analytical parameters proved that the
developed method could be used for the routine analysis of
levofloxacin in injection dosage form. The proposed method is free
from expensive solvents, chemicals and time consuming steps and
can be used in quality assurance laboratories of pharmaceutical
industries.
...
ZAHOOR AHMAD SAJID1* & SHEZA AYAZ KHILJI2
...ics were found to be adversely affected by saline treatments i.e., root length, shoot length, fresh weight, dry weight, amount of protein and antioxidant enzymes. The higher levels of NaCl (100-200 mM) in this investigation drastically suppressed the growth of plants of Suaeda fruticosa L. in the form of stunted growth. The overall increase in antioxidant enzyme activities during this study seems to be their scavenging role by neutralizing the reactive oxygen ...
SHEIKH AJAZ RASOOL1*, MUNAZZA DANISH AJAZ2, MUHAMMAD SALMAN RASOOL3, AHSAN SATTAR SHEIKH4 & FIRDAUS KOUSAR BUKHARI5
...a. Acute or chronic or persistent campylobacteriosis are dealt with antibiotics and proton-pump inhibitors. However, an ever increasing problem of antibiotic resistance evolution has been there and that is alarming. Thus, urgency exists for finding out non-classical therapies as reduction factors against Campylobacter nuisance in humans and poultry. In addition, a few probiotics have been ...
SADAF IFTIKHAR1, SAMAN SHAHID2*, MUHAMMAD UMAR HASSAN1 & UBAID ULLAH3
...ighted the role of D-dimers, platelet count and LDH (lactate dehydrogenase) as primary biomarkers in diagnosing the COVID-19-associated coagulopathy (CAC) in severe and critical cases. 141 COVID-19 patients of severe and critical categories, were enrolled from an epicenter tertiary care hospital. The mean values of platelets were found normal, whereas, the mean values of LDH were found elevated in both severe and critical ca...
MUHAMMAD JAVAID AFZAL1*, FARAH JAVAID2, SHAHZADI TAYYABA3, MUHAMMAD WASEEM ASHRAF4 & MUHAMMAD ILYAS YASIN5
...nt of constricting may worsen hemodynamically. One of most commonly occurring disease is Raynaud’s syndrome, where the blood vessels in hands constrict either reducing or completely blocking normal blood flow. In the current study, ANSYS simulation are used to estimate the pressure and velocity variations in constricted vessels. The results showed that velocity and pressure of blood may reduce up to 50% and 40%, respec...
HIRA SOOFI1*, ARIFA BHUTTO2, ABDUL RASOOL ABBASI3 & GHULAM SARWAR GHACHAL1
...partment of Zoology University of Sindh Jamshoro. During examination of helminths a total of 28 trematodes were collected from intestine and stomach. The trematodes were resemble with species Aphanururoides lethrini in all diagnostic characteristics and identify as such. Present genus reported first time from Rita rita of Pakistan, hence this report is new locality and host record....
Zainab Sattar Ali* , Safa Azhar Razzaq , Layla Hammody Hashem
...above hormones getting worse with time progresses of experimental. In group4 show the propolis was enhancer factor for adverse effect of BTSe where FSH, LH, testosterone and inhibin b hormones values are elevated than remnant groups, as well as elevated the percentage integrity sperm DNA comparing with remnant groups. Concluded, the current experience revealed SeNPs have oxidative stress on reproductive system at high concen...
Saloua Ziani1*, Khalid Sohaib2 , Youssef Lhor3, Ikhlass El Berbri4, And Ouafaa Fassi Fihri4
...riations in antibody titers in dogs. Data from 848 dogs exported from Morocco was collected. The results revealed that too-old dogs (over six years) or too young (under four months) are also less likely to respond to vaccination than dogs that are four months to six years old. A dog receiving a booster dose is better immunized than a dog receiving a single dose. On the other hand, the time...
Shaker B. Al Suwaiegh
...t, physiological parameters and serum metabolites were investigated during the study. The results indicated that the diets with high percentage of giant reed (40.0 & 50.0%) were decreased (P<0.05) the most recorded parameters compared to the control and 30.0% giant reed diets under subtropical condition. In conclusion, replacement of alfalfa hay with 30.0% giant reed could be promising of Ardi goat growth performances...
Nusrat Habiullah1*, Shah Nawaz Kumbar1, Fahmida Parveen Samo1, Shamusuddin Bughio2, Asghar Ali Kamboh3, Burirah Rehman Talpur1
... diarrhea, muscular tremors, and lethargy were observed in group C and D. Significantly increased (p <0.05) GGT, bilirubin, creatinine and uric acid levels were recorded in C and D (lead toxicity groups), as compared to control group; whereas group E and F (treated with selenium) showed the protective effect by decreasing (p <0.05) GGT, creatinine, bilirubin and uric acid concentration as compare to C and D groups. Gross pathology observed in liver of C...
Abdul Latif Rind1*, Shahid Hussain Abro1, Rameez Raja Kaleri2,3, Ghulam Mustafa Solangi4, Raza Ali Mangi5, Muhammad Anees Memon6, Depeesh Kumar Bhuptani7, Sana Noor8, Zainab Lanjar9, Zahid Ali Mangrio10 and Abdul Wahid Solangi1
...d in animals aged two years, with 56.66% in goats and 50% in sheep. The study found that infected animals exhibited various clinical signs and symptoms such as diarrhea, coughing, fever, pneumonia, stomatitis, and occulo-nasal discharge. Furthermore, no instances of pregnancy were reported during the research. These findings underscore the high prevalence of PPR in sheep and goats within District Sanghar, emphasizing the urg...
Hazrat Usman1, Shakeel Ahmad2*, Salah Uddin3, Humaira Wasila3 and Yasser Durrani4
... physicochemical parameters in the open well water of selected Tehsils (Khar, Mamund, and Salarzai) in District Bajaur, Pakistan. A total of 21 samples of well water were collected from the study area, with seven samples obtained from each Tehsil. The research analysis focused on various parameters, including pH, turbidity, electric conductivity, total hardness, sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, carbonates, bicarbonates...
Muhammad Ashfaq ur Rahman1*, Saleem Khan1, Aurang Zeb1, Zia ud Din1 and Zafar Iqbal3
... ‘combined dietary’ and ‘combined supplements’ groups, the pTB patients in the ‘caloric protein’ group represented the highest mean weight increase, at 2.9 Kg, increasing from 53.46 to 54.71 Kg in 3-months PI and from 54.71 to 56.33 Kg in 6-months PI, respectively. Weight gains in the nutrition therapy group were statistically significant at both 3 and 6...
Qasim Ali1, Mudssar Ali1*, Muhammad Awais Ahmad1, Asif Sajjad2 and Shafqat Saeed1
...nation of pollinator diversity and abundance, as well as their foraging behavior, including the time spent and rate of visits. Additionally, diverse pollination treatments were compared, pitting instances of unguided insect visits against scenarios where insects were excluded. This comparison encompassed both physical attributes (such as fruit dimensions, weight, pulp content, and seed count per fruit) and biochemical parame...
Abdiaziz Idiris Mohamud1,2*, Yonis Abukar Mohamed1,3 and Shafii Abdullahi Mohamed1,4
...mal welfare into Somalia’s sustainable development strategies. The interconnectedness of animal welfare, livelihoods, and environmental sustainability is highlighted, emphasizing the need for comprehensive approaches. Stakeholder engagement, partnerships, and capacity-building initiatives are crucial for effective collaboration and resource optimization. Addressing research gaps, including socio-economic impact assessm...
Tariq Jamil1, Muhammad Saqib2*, Abid Rashid3, Muhammad Hammad Hussain4, Khushal Khan Kasi5, Muhammad Haleem Tayyab2, Muhammad Azam Kakar5, Heinrich Neubauer1 and Mudassar Iqbal6*
...ticipants with >40 years age, livestock contact, poor socioeconomic group and no raw milk consumption. All variables didn’t show statistical significance by Fischer’s exact test. Further epidemiological studies and awareness programs are recommended. Based on the results and review of the literature, the authors urge to consider higher age...
Muhammad Umar Farooq1, Kashif Ishaq1*, Muhammad Imran Khan1, Muhammad Farooq Iqbal1, Tanveer Ahmad1, Jamil Akbar1, Asim Fraz2, Sara Naeem1 and Aansa Latif1
...ue to the high feed conversion ratio (FCR) of the goats. The current study was planned to improve the Beetal male kid’s performance using a compensatory growth tool. A total of twelve male Beetal kids with an average weight of 20±2 kg and approximately 6 months old were randomly selected and kept for 85 days including 15 days of an adjustment period. There were two phases of the experiment. During the restrictio...
Shakirat Bolatito Ibrahim1, Raheem Olatunji Aminu1,2*, Aisha Olushola Arowolo1 and Adams Sanusi Musa1
...security and dietary diversity among agricultural households in Ogun State, Nigeria. Data were collected cross-sectionally from 208 households containing 1546 individuals. The results show that 73% of farmers owned the cultivated land, while 26% had rights over the cultivated land. The average distance of the sampled households to public and private hospitals in the study area is 2.33km and 0.88km. Most households consume ce...
Ali Mosa Rashid Al-Yasari1, Zahid I. Mohammed2, Haider S. Almnehlawi3,4, Ali F Bargooth5, Nawar Jasim Alsalih1, Huda F. Hasan6*, Mohenned A Alsaadawi1
... the STZ-diabetes+Camels’ Milk group received a STZ injection (40 mg/kg) along with daily (ad libitum) bottled camel milk for 28 days. Zero time, one day, one week, two weeks, three weeks, and day 28 following STZ injection were used to monitor fasting blood glucose, insulin, and glucagon. Animals were sacrificed on day 28, and tissues were collected for immunohistochemical identification of pancreatic cells that produce insulin and glucagon. Based on ou...
Hui Fang*, Kai Xue and Teng Yang
...lated transcription factors (TFs) associated with ADPKD. The function of miRNA network was explored by analyzing GO and KEGG enrichment. Further, qRT-PCR was performed in vitro to determine the expression of miRNAs and mRNAs associated with ADPKD. In the results, 2 DEMs and 1090 DEGs were identified. While DEGs that were downregulated tended to be enriched for metabolic pathways, DEGs that were upregulated tended to be enriched for beta-alanine metabolism, ala...
Romedi Çelik
...f the domestication centers. In this study, we adopted 146 angut pigeons comprising 72 males and 74 females. Additionally, four different colour variations were determined: yellow angut (41.1%, n = 60), red angut (35.6%, n = 52), white angut (13.7%, n = 20) and black angut (9.6%, n = 14). All the colour variants had a peak crest (upright feathers) costume structure, which was at the back of the head, starting from the end of...
Erni Damayanti1, Herry Sonjaya2*, Sudirman Baco2 and Hasbi Hasbi2
...entration and the embryo’s ability to reach the morula stage were negatively correlated. The lower the concentration of H2O2, the higher the chances of the embryo reaching the morula stage. The conclusion is that the high H2O2 can inhibit the development of Bali cattle embryos that are cultured in vitro....
Jyotsana Shakkarpude1*, Aditya Mishra2, Deepika D. Caesar2, R.K. Sharma3, Anand Kumar Jain2, Sanju Mandal2, Rajesh Kumar Vandre4, Danveer S. Yadav5, Bhavna Ahirwar6 and C.P. Solanki6
...ar chaperone, as it repairs heat shock proteins. The present study was aimed to investigate the effect of dietary betaine on heat and metabolic stress during lactation in Murrah buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis). For this purpose, a total of 18 postpartum Murrah buffaloes were randomly divided into control, low betaine and high betaine groups supplemented with betaine @ 50 g/animal/day and 100 g/animal/day respectively from day 5 postpartum and was continued up to 4...
Ummul Firmani1,3, Rahmi Nurdiani2, Arning Wilujeng Ekawati2 and Happy Nursyam2*
...sh rearing in inland waters. This study aimed to identify bacteria from the digestive tract of milkfish (Chanos chanos Forskal) and investigate their potential as probiotic candidates. Bacteria were isolated from the digestive tract of milkfish and identified using PCR technique and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The probiotic potency was determined using amylolytic assay, synergistic activity, hemolytic activity, and antagonisti...
Saad Ibrahim Al-Sultan1, Mariam H.E. Khedr2, Ahmed S. Abdelaziz3, Mostafa M. Abdelhafeez4, Tamer Mohamed Gad5, Sabry Mohamed El-Bahr6,7*, Sherief Abdel-Raheem1,8 and Hesham A. Khalifa3
...ead (Pb), cadmium (Cd), arsenic (As), and mercury (Hg) are of no-known physiological importance. The objectives of the present study were to quantitatively estimate the residual levels of Pb, Cd, As, and Hg in camel meat and edible offal including round, liver, kidney, and tongue in samples collected from Zagazig slaughterhouse, Egypt and Al-Ahsa slaughterhouse, Saudi Arabia. Dietary intakes and potential health risks associated with the consumption of camel m...
Baoxuan Nong1,2, Biqiu Wu3, Anlong Xu2, Wenai He2 and Yongfu Qiu2*
...n that harbored the markers RM13650 and RM13478. Its largest logarithm of the odds (LOD) score was 3.94, which explained a 16.6% of the phenotypic variation. Wbph9 was mapped on chromosome 3 of OB677, where it was flanked by markers RM3513 and RM3525. It had a LOD score of 3.4, explaining a 17.2% of the phenotypic variation. Four varieties PTB33, N22, RBPH327, and OB677 showed resistance to WBPH, of which OB677 was a novel r...
Shafi Muhammad1, Bibi Nazia Murtaza2, Aftab Ahmad1, Muhammad Shafiq3, Nurul Kabir4 and Hamid Ali1*
...ion is the presence of persistent liver inflammation characterized by the expression of different inflammatory molecules including Interleukin-17 (IL-17). The progression of chronic liver ailments (fibrosis, cirrhosis) towards hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is determined by the distortion produced in the normal structure of liver. Pakistan bears the second highest numbers of hepatitis C vi...
Sidra Mumtaz1, Sidra Arshad1, Rizwan Ullah Khan1, Muhammad Usman Rashid2 and Naila Malkani1*
...ies have identified members of the erythroblast transformation specific (Ets) transcription factors family showing aberrant expression in various stages of tumor formation in breast tissue. However, their use as a prognostic factor is not very clear. Therefore, a meta-analysis was performed to analyze their aberrant expression in breast tumorigenesis. A thorough literature search was performed and 73 relevant studies were id...
Romaan Hayat Khattak1, Liwei Teng1,2*, Naimat Ullah Khan3, Aamir Ali3, Abdul Hadi4 and Zhensheng Liu1,2*
...n: justify;">Meso-predators are often greatly interlinked within their food webs. They are often omnivorous, consuming a broader array of prey items than do larger predators. Meso-carnivores can play the role of apex predator by inhibiting competitors and controlling prey populations especially in systems where large-bodied primary consumers are limited....
Urosevic Milivoje1, Matejevic Milosava2*, Mandic Radomir3 and Dameski Pance4
...s in Serbia. The parameters that were analyzed (length of the left horn, length of the right horn, circumference of the horns, spread of the horns, color of the horns, ring and curvature) were measured according to the propositions adopted by the The International Council for Game and Wildlife. The aim of the paper was to determine the absolute and mean values of the length of the left horn and of the right horn, the circumference of the horns, span of t...
Sha Li1,2, Yacheng Hu1,2, Wenjing Li3, Wei Su1,2 and Wei Jiang1,2*
...mate the related parameters. The LWRs parameters of all nine species were found to be significant (P <0.05). The values of b in LWRs ranged from 2.455 to 3.009. New maximum total length (TL) and standard length (SL) records for two of the nine species were reported, and the first report of LWRs of Xenocypris davidi was provided. The results of our study provided Fish Base with new data ...
Wafa Akram1, Shahan Azeem2, Shafqat Shabir1, Haroon Akbar1*, Warda Gill3 and Muhammad Imran Rashid1*
Jaweria Iqbal1, Muhammad Tanveer Altaf2, Muhammad Faheem Jan3, Waqas Raza4*, Waqas Liaqat5, Ikram ul Haq6, Amna Jamil7, Sameer Ahmed1, Amjad Ali2 and Arif Mehmood8
...fy;">Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is a significant global crop and a vital raw material for industries. Studying existing cotton germplasm is crucial for discovering new genetic resources for future breeding. In this study, the effectiveness of EST-SSRs and ISSRs markers were compared for assessing genetic variation among 45 Pakistani Bt and non-Bt cotton varieties. ISSR and EST-SSR primers<...
Getulio A. Barcenas Jr.1* and Luisa Marie I. Barcenas2
... of plant growth regulators gibberellic acid (GA3), paclobutrazol (PBZ), naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA), benzyl amino purine (BAP); and ethrel at 100 ppm concentration on the vegetative and reproductive expression of cucumber were studied at the cotyledonary and two-leaf stages. The study was laid out in a split-plot randomized complete block design with 3 replications. Results showed significant differences in plant responses wherein the application of GA3 resu...
Al Salihi karima Akool1* , Almas. M. Al-Bayati2, Iman Mousa Khaleel3
...anocomponents. The camel’s daily milk production shows a variation in milking frequency, which is affected by environments, feeding, stage of lactation, breed, species and diseases of the udder . Moreover, she-camels also shows fluctuating in the lactation length from 9 to 18 months. This study intends to investigate the macro and microscopical features of local Arabian she-camel’s productive and nonproductive ...
Vijay Kumar1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1*, Nazar Ali Korejo1, Ambreen Leghari2, Faiz Muhammad Khand2, Riaz Ahmed Leghari1, Khaliq-ur-Rehman Bhutto3
... feces samples (55 broilers, 45 layers and 25 ducks) were collected in district Hyderabad. Isolation was done according to ISO 6579 standard method. Identification of isolated bacteria was done using the Salmonella specific biochemical tests. Antimicrobial resistance patterns were determined using the disk diffusion method. Salmonella were detected in 22, 19 and 10 samples, showing prevalence of 40.0, 42.22 and 40.0 percent ...
Salim Saifullah1*, Tasmina Kanwal2 and Khadija Rehman2
... industrial processes, worsens air quality issues, thereby causing detrimental impacts on both ecosystems and human health. Moreover, there is a strong interconnection between air quality and climate change. Numerous atmospheric pollutants, such as black carbon and methane, exhibit substantial warming characteristics, thereby intensifying the greenhouse effect and expediting the process of global warming. The presence of aerosols and their chemical interaction...
Nur-E-Farjana Ilah1, Md. Joynal Abedin2, Esmout Jahan Alice1, Taiba Akter Laboni1, Mst. Shahinur Khatun1, Most. Shakila Sarmin1, Md. Ashekur Rahman1, Obaidur Rahman1, Md. Akhtarul Islam1, Muhammad Ali Fardoush Siddquy3 and Md. Yeamin Hossain1*
... research for better understanding about its growth and health in this particular habitat. A total 100 individuals were collected from fishers catch during November 2021 to October 2022 by using traditional fishing gears such as trawl and gill nets (mesh size: 2-3 cm). Data showed that TL was found to be between 15 and 21 cm and the BW remained as 46 and 136 g. All LWRs had r2 ...
Muhammad Shahid Nisar1*, Ahmad Kamran Khan1, Ghulam Fatima2, Irfan Ahmed4, Khizar Sami Ullah2 and Syeda Amber Hameed2,5
...ght-run (Ross-308) broilers were used to investigate the effect of fruit waste (FW) on live performance and blood parameters of Broilers for 56 days. Four experimental diets comprising 3 replicates with 20 birds each were tested with using complete randomized method consisting Diet 1 (D1) (treatment 1) with 100% basal feed (BF) and 0% fruit waste (FW), diet 2 (D2) (75 BF + 25% FW), diet 3 ...
Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad1*, Tehreem Shabbir1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain2, Fatima Yasin1, Humayoun Huma Maqbool1, Aasia Karim3
...ment | Barley meal was firstly used in fish feed specially for the common carp fingerlings. It was firstly tested for the mineral absorption and body composition. Use of the Barley was found very beneficial for these fish when was used at the level of 20-30% as replacement of fish meal.
...
Nighat Nisar*, Hasina Maham Qadri, Asad Afridi, Muhammad Sami Khan, Muhammad Abdullah Khan
...ces and significant factors leading to students’ level of satisfaction towards services provided by cafeterias in public sector medical institute of Karachi, Pakistan. A cross sectional study design was adopted with a sample size of 318 round of to 400 and by using qouta sampling. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data regarding cafeteria use, food consumption, frequency, waiting time, cost, ambienc...
Slamet Widodo1*, Mohammad Ikhsan Shiddieqy1, Teguh Wahyono2, Yeni Widiawati1, Zultinur Muttaqin1
...Forage encompasses a diverse range of plants, each possessing its own characteristic physical and biological traits that contribute to its individual ability to adapt, grow, and produce. While some generalizations can be made, it is vital to recognize the quality differences between various plant species and even different cultivated varieties. This study was conducted to evaluate the relationship between nutrient content, digestibility, and gas pr...
Mohammed M. Jassim, Mohammed R. Abduljaleel*, Zainab B. Abdulkareem, Noor H. Sanad, Ibrahim M.H. Alrashid
... controls, the SMF group’s cellular morphology ratings were significantly higher (P 0.050). These findings showed that using the osteotomy gap model with SMF enhanced the histological and radiographic features of rabbit bone healing. Rabbits that were under the risk of the delayed fracture healing could take advantage of treatments with the SMF.
Keywords | Rabbits, Bone fracture, Avian implantation
...
Maria Endo Mahata*, Yose Rizal, Zurmiati, Sepri Reski
...n Indonesian coastal waters. We aimed to reduce the salt concentration of the brown seaweed P. australis by immersing it in flowing water. We used a completely randomized design (CRD) with different immersion durations (0, 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, and 24 h) of P. australis in flowing water. Each treatment received four replications. We evaluated dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein...
Rokhani Rokhani1, Amam Amam2*, Mochammad Wildan Jadmiko2, Dhimas Yusantoro2
...tates one of the program’s primary objectives is to increase the cow population in beneficiary locations. Efforts to support the program’s sustainability can be carried out through farmer empowerment in accordance with the Government Regulation Number 6 of 2013. This research aims to examine the effect of farmer empowerment on sustainable livestock development in the One Thousand Cattle Village Program. The resea...
Erkinjon B. Shakarboev1*, Abat S. Berdibaev2
...era, 25 families, 13 orders, 4 classes and 3 phyla, with 17 species (32%) from the class Cestoda, 4 (8%) from Trematoda, 3 (6%) from Acanthocephala and 29 (55%) from Nematoda. The highest diversity of helminth species among the studied predators was recorded in the Fox – 40 species. It was followed by the Jungle Cat – 27 species, Golden Jackal – 25, Wolf – 22, Domes...
Arief1*, Roni Pazla2
...tify;">The value of goat’s milk is influenced by its content. Forage is the main element that forms milk fat. We aimed to enhance the production of FCM (Fat-Corrected Milk) in Etawa crossbreed goats through the use of a mixture of high-quality forages such as Mirasolia diversifolia (Md), Indigofera zoolingeriana (Iz), and Gliricidia sepium (Gs) with palm concentrate (PC). We used a completely randomized design, impleme...
Mervat M. Fath- Allah, Amal A. Ahmed, Hala A. Amin
...family. A potyvirus universal
degenerate primer was used to amplify the polyprotein region of members of Potyviridae. The RTPCR
revealed 335 bp amplified products with only infected plant samples corresponding to viruses
BYMV, CVMV, PVY, WMV and ZYMV, and according to virus symptoms and ELISA results. The
nucleotide sequence analysis of the polyprotein gene of PVY-ME2 (the present Egyptian isolate...
degenerate primer was used to amplify the polyprotein region of members of Potyviridae. The RTPCR
revealed 335 bp amplified products with only infected plant samples corresponding to viruses
BYMV, CVMV, PVY, WMV and ZYMV, and according to virus symptoms and ELISA results. The
nucleotide sequence analysis of the polyprotein gene of PVY-ME2 (the present Egyptian isolate...
Rini Widyastuti1*, Rangga Setiawan1, Nurcholidah Solihati1, Siti Darodjah1, Kundrat Hidajat1, Mochamad Ali Mauludin2, Alkaustariyah Lubis3, Mas Rizky Anggun Adipurna Syamsunarno4, Sigit Prastowo5, Takdir Saili6, Arief Boediono7
...udy aims to explore farmers’ profiles, behaviours, and existing knowledge about reproductive management practices in traditional dairy goat farming. The study were carried out among Simpay Tampomas Farmers Group in Sumedang, West Java, Indonesia. The sample population consisted of thirty participants and the reproductive performance of 96 goats was...
Hamdy Abdala El-Nagar1, Abdelaziz Mohamed Elhais2, Ayman Hassan Abd El-Aziz3, Wael Mohamed Wafa1, Mohamed Sobhy Elsayed Farrag2, Moataz Ibrahim Badawy1, Safaa Elsayed Salah Atia2
...five calves/group. The first group (G1, control) included animals without treatment. During the whole suckling period each animal in G2, G3, and G4 daily received milk supplemented with propolis (5 g), thyme oil (2 ml), or 5 g propolis plus 2 ml thyme oil, respectively. Results showed that animals in fed both propolis and thyme combination showed the highest LBW, total gain, counts and percentages of blood cells, hemoglobin, total proteins and their fractions,...
Putu Henrywaesa Sudipa1*, Hapsari Mahatmi1, Ketut Tono Pasek Gelgel1, I Gusti Ketut Suarjana1, I Nengah Kerta Besung1, Romy Muhammad Dary Mufa2 , I Wayan Sukernayasa3
...re cultured on Sabouraud’s dextrose agar (SDA) medium and identification was performed macroscopically by observing colony growth and microscopically using the tape smear method stained with Methylene Blue stain. The results showed that 32 fungi belonging to seven genera were isolated from 22 Bali cows. The prevalence rates of Aspergillus, Fusarium, Cladosporium, Curvularia, and Candida, Mucor, and Penicillium spp. were 41, 25, 19, 6, and 3%, respective...
Al-Moataz Bellah Mahfouz Shaarawy1, Wael Mohamed Wafa1*, Ashraf Ali Mehany1, Reda Abdel Samee Ahmed Rezk2, Shereen Kamal Genena1, Mohamed Hamada El-Sawy1
...x Baladi) aging 3.5-7 years and having 2-5 parities. Experimental cows were housed in semi-open sheds during spring and summer seasons. Rectal and skin temperatures, respiration (RR) and pulse (PR) rates, concentrations of cortisol and creatinine, and activity of AST and ALT in serum were significantly increased (P<0.05, 0.01 and 0.001), while TSH, T3, T4, total protein, glucose, cholesterol, Ca, P, Na, and K, ALP activity, and milk yield significantly decr...
Sajid Mehmood Shahzad
...criptive approach to understand Pakistan’s potential and the state of its seaweed trade.
...
Lawrence Olusola Oparinde1*, Adewale Isaac Olutumise2,3 and Ademola Adegoroye4
...e inequality across genders have not been given adequate attention in the literature. Hence, this study examined the effect of agroforestry technology adoption on income inequality among the gender of arable crop farmers in Southwest, Nigeria. A multistage selection process was employed to pick 450 arable crop farmers. The collected data were analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics...
...ct of environmental factors and populations of insects on virus infection.
...
Iftikhar Ahmad1, Tahir Saeed1, Umair Faheem2*, Qaisar Abbas2, Muhammad Saleem Akhtar Khan3, Mussurrat Hussain2, Tanveer Ahmad4, Gulzar Akhtar4, Asifa Hameed5, Muhammad Hasnain6 and Muhammad Jamil7
... after 24, 72 and 168 hours of insecticides spray. The maximum mortality of thrips was recorded in Imidacloprid+fipronil (68.45%) and Spinosad (65.45%) after 24 hours of insecticides spray. The lowest mortality of thrips was counted in abamectin and imidacloprid. Population of thrips was reduced after 72 and 168 hours as compared to 24 hours after insect...
Shafqat Ullah1, Asad Ullah2*, Imad Khan2, Rafiq Ullah1, Raheela Taj3, Fatima Syed3, Shumaila Gul4, Faiza Khan5, Ibad Ullah Jan6, Muneeb Islam7 and Sumaira8
Siddique Ahmad1*, Basit Ullah1, Sajid Ali2, Ali Zaid1, Zeeshan Ahmad3, Muhammad Usaid1, Muhammad Zeeshan1 and Saif Ullah3
...organic and bio-fertilizers. Supplementation of beneficial microbes with organic and inorganic fertilizers is a feasible technology to improve wheat productivity. A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the impact of organic sources (OS) and inorganic N fertilizer (Urea) along with the application of bio-aab (beneficial microbes) on the wheat crop at the Agronomy Research Farm, The Univers
Salma Sharif1, Rana Arsalan Javaid2*, Abid Majeed2, Muhammad Shahzad Ahmed2, Qurat ul Ain Sani2, Faiza Siddique2, Muhammad Arshad3 and Niaz Ali1
...e than half of the world’s population, rice (Oryza Sativa L., family=Poaceae, 2n=24) is the second most important food crop after wheat. It is produced in several states all around the world, while primarily being grown in river deltas of Asia and the Southeast Asia. Therefore, it is of major significance to food security in a growing amount of less privileged countries. A study was carried out to assess indigenous rice germplasm using qualitative and qu...
Sona Salem El-Nwehy1*, Assem Abbas Mohammed El-Naggar2 and Adel Badr El-Nasharty1
...regarded as one of Egypt’s most important flowering bulbs. Gladiolus flower output may be harmed by unbalanced fertilizing over reliance on chemical fertilizers to increase crop productivity, on the other hand, has resulted in health hazards and microbial population issues in soil, as well as being rather expensive and raising the cost of production; these considerations, taken together, stimulate the use of bio-fertil...
Muhammad Raza Salik1, Muhammad Babar Shahzad Afzal1,2*, Ayesha Komal3, Muhammad Nawaz Khan1, Muhammad Ihsan Ullah4, Faheem Altaf5, Akbar Hayat1 and Hira Tariq1
... physio-chemical parameters of Citrus reticulata. The experimental design was randomized complete block (RCB). The parameters evaluated were: plant height, plant spread, canopy volume, month wise incremental trend of fruit growth, fruit size, fruit weight, juice weight, juice%, no. of seeds per fruit, peel thickness, TSS, acidity%, TSS/acid ratio, and no. of fruit/plant (yield). Results revealed that plant height, spread and...
Shiferaw Demissie Tola1, Diriba Muleta2, Fassil Assefa2 and Beira Hailu Meressa1*
...ement strategies. To understand the relationship between the initial nematode density (Pi) and the final nematode population (Pf), and the damage potential of Meloidogyne incognita to var. Dinsire, a study was conducted under greenhouse conditions. A geometric series of 13 initial densities (0, 0.0625, 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128 J2 (g soil)-1) of M. incognita was subjected to Dinsire. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete des...
Michelle Anne Diano1,2, Loel Dalan1,2, Neil Pep Dave Sumaya3 and Nanette Hope Sumaya1,2*
...nspecific. This is the first report of C. briggsae isolated from L. fulica in the southern Philippines. This study provides an additional account of C. briggsae to existent worldwide descriptions, thereby extending its geographic distribution and habitat range....
Anshara Javed Qureshi and Ishrat Aziz*
...areness among pigeon owners for better control and treatment strategies for capillariasis and also to improve the health status of pigeons and provide them with a better hygienic or healthy environment....
Moazzam Baig*, Sohaib Ahmed and Arz Muhammad Umrani
...ty of socioeconomic factors have an impact on the district Sherani due to overall forest degradation. Because in the study area there is a very low level of literacy, most people are not aware that deforestation that contributes to a number of issues, including soil erosion and flooding, which in turn trigger other natural phenomena and specifically the destruction of natural resources. According to findings of this research, poverty is a widespread issue. The...
Aamir Shakeel1*, Anwar Ali2, Tahir Iqbal1 and Ziad Raza1
...pogenic and natural drivers have a great impact on the land use land cover of the Kaghan valley in Mansehra District. Rapid, unplanned and unsustainable urbanization in the area has changed the landscape of the area to a great deal. Forests are one of the worst affected land cover in a result of the changing landuse. This analysis examines the dynamics of Land Use Land Cover (LULC) changes in Kaghan Valley between 2004 and 2...
Aishat Adetola Anifowose*, Nkechi Betsy Izuogu and Benoit Katchitche Sossou
...growth and yield parameters and decrease in nematode population was significantly higher (P=0.05) in treated plants than in control plants. Galling was most severe in negative control plants with poor yield. Even so, the yellow jersey variety was more susceptible to Meloidogyne incognita infection. However, the combination of EM and compost manure had significantly higher performance than the other treatments, especially on ...
Mahfouz M.M. Abd-Elgawad
...e considered by researchers and stakeholders. As they should be tailored to fit the intended goal of application, related modifications to derive more accurate and appropriate conclusions for nematode management are reviewed in this study. For instance, iteration improved sample size of Meliodogyne incognita to be 389 instead of 402 using the same assumptions of sampling accuracy and nematode density in both cases. Also, alt...
Mahmoud M.A. Youssef1, Wafaa M.A. El-Nagdi1*, Hassan Abd- El-Khair2, Usama S. Elkelany1, Mahfouz M.M. Abd-Elgawad1 and Mona G. Dawood3
...f plant branches and tubers; especially by individual than combined treatments. Biochemical compounds were influenced by different treatments of the tested materials. The diversity and community of aerobic bacteria, spore-forming bacteria and fungi and frequency% of fungi in potato rhizosphere varied among different treatments....
Muhammad Salman1*, Naveed Ahmed2, Mir Manzar Ud Din3, Fazli Amin4 and Arsalan Ali5
... on their cocoon characters during spring and autumn silkworm rearing seasons 2022. The study comprised of thirty number of larvae and cocoons of Chinese C-21 strain. The parameters that were studied in the present experiment and recorded were weight of full-grown larvae (1.4-3.6 gm), length of larvae (49-67 mm), cocoon weight with floss (0.34-2.3 gm), cocoon weight without floss (0.32-1.76 gm), cocoon shell weight (0.16-0.8...
Wisit Ketpanyapong1, Kulisara Marupanthorn2*
...ntation on blood parameters, serum antioxidant status, and sperm quality in 24 Duroc boars at 1.0-1.5 years. The boars were randomly divided into four groups of three replicates each and their feed was supplemented with MOLE at concentrations of 0, 10, 50, and 250 mg/kg body weight (BW). Supplementing Duroc boras with MOLE increased leukocyte, erythrocyt...
I Nyoman Sumerta Miwada1*, I Nyoman Sutarpa Sutama1, Agus Susilo2
... one-way analysis of diversity (at p<0.05) and continued with the Duncan test using the SPSS version 25 system. The results showed that increasing the level of Moringa leaf extract had no effect on pH, water content, and fat but significantly affected protein and ash content (p<0.05). In the color aspect, the L* and a* values significantly decreased (p<0.05), but the b* values significantly increased. Te...
Hayder M. Watban1,2, Nabeel M.H. Al-Maaly2*
...n blood and MacConkey agars. The bacterial growth was subjected into gram stain and subculture to Klebsiella pneumoniae selective media. Subsequently isolated bacteria were subjected to molecular detection using conventional PCR and sequencing. The finding showed that Klebsiella pneumoniae were 31 out of 74(41.89%) from total 100 camels that slaughter in the abattoir. This study indicates that Klebsiella pneumoniae reported higher infection rate as it is the p...
Nurul Fajrih1,2, Komang Gede Wiryawan1*, Sumiati1 and Suraya Kaffi Syahpura3
...ana corm flour and 2 liters of aquadest by chromatographic column elution using ethanol as the mobile phase and diaion as the stationary phase. Further tested to determine the content of glucomannan in the extract. The extract was tested as carbon source for lactic acid bacteria (L. plantarum and L. rhamnosus) and pathogenic bacteria (E. coli and Salmonella). Bacterial growth Media using control media without sugar sources, M
Retno Setyaningsih1, Sri Murtini2*, I Wayan Teguh Wibawan2, Surachmi Setiyaningsih2, Ekowati Handharyani3
...t-align: justify;">The first case reported a seroprevalence study was conducted in the West Bandung District of West Java Province, Indonesia, revealed the presence of RHDV antibody in rabbit serums without clinical symptoms in some rabbit farms. The presence of antibodies to RHDV in rabbits without vaccination indicates exposure to the virus. Thus, this study aims to investigate the presence of RHDV antigen in asymptomatic seroconverted RHDV rabbits in West B...
Bakhtawar Soomro* and Shakeel Ahmed Memon
...nt nematode reflects diversification from their congeners in the following charaters viz: body measurement; shape; size and shape of trident; shape of spicules and presence of 13-14 pairs of caudal papillae. On the basis of such morpho-metrical changes this species; Diplotriaena murtazi treated as a new species. This species is dedicated to author&
Roberto Gallegos-Acero1, Ali William Canaza-Cayo2,4*, Francisco Halley Rodríguez-Huanca1, Rubén Herberht Mamani-Cato3, Abigail de la Cruz1, Júlio Sílvio de Sousa Bueno Filho4
...of the following parameters of the genetic structure such as: average inbreeding coefficient (F), average relatedness coefficient (AR), the effective numbers of founders (), effective number of ancestors (), generation interval (GI) and the pedigree completeness, the ENDOG program v.4.8 was used. The F and AR were 0.06% and 0.40%, respectively, The numbe...
Abd-Alfattah Abd-Alhamid Alderey1, Nabila Elsaid Mahmod El-Kassas1, Eman Said El-Hadad1*, Manal Hamdy Gomaa1, Eman Ashour Hussein2
...d to seven groups. The first group was fed a control diet, while six treatment groups were fed diets containing 15 or 20% SOP with Econase (0.1g/kg), DY (0.3g/kg), or both. The tested diets were isonitrogenous and isoenergetics (16% CP and 2750 kcal ME/kg). During a feeding period from 28 to 40 weeks of age, growth performance and egg production of hens were determined, and blood samples were taken for hematological and biochemical assays. Results showed signi...
Ahmed Al-Hasnawi*, Wafaa Kadhim Jasim
...ustify;">As azathioprine’s usage in our environment grew quickly, it became important to assess their toxicity, The goal of the current investigation was to determine if aloe vera extract had any protective effects against the hematological and histopathological alterations brought on by azathioprine. animals are evenly divided into four categories: (G1) group: were received distilled water. (G2) group: were administrating azathioprine (50mg/kg. b. w). (...
Aeni Nurlatifah1, Anita Hafid1, Pradita Iustia Sitaresmi1, Santoso Santoso1, Rahma Isatirna Anwar1, Mohammad Firdaus Hudaya1, Diana Andrianita Kusumaningrum1, Nurul Azizah1, Dimar Sari Wahyuni1, Herdis Herdis1, Florentina Bety Indah Lupitasari1, Desiana Ade Mahari1, Muhammad Rizal2
...ial design. The two factors were the antioxidant levels of EZ (25, 50, and 75 mg) and NEZ (5, 10, and 20 mg). Motility, viability, and plasma membrane integrity were the metrics used in this analysis. The experiment conducted with the additional NEZ on the 4th day of observation showed that the addition of ascorbic acid as NEZ at a dose of 20 mg/100 ml into the egg yolk tris extender resulted in the greatest preservation of ram sperm quality (P<0.05), such ...
Lukmanhy1*, Enny Yuliani1, I Wayan Lanus Sumadiasa1, Lalu Ahmad Zaenuri1, Mardiansyah2
...ly. The measured parameters included progressive motility, viability, and abnormalities of spermatozoa. The data obtained were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s multiple range test to determine the difference among the treatments. The current study showed that adding 15% sugarcane (T2) improved the semen parameters compared to the other treatments w...
Hermawan Setyo Widodo1,2*, Tridjoko Wisnu Murti1, Ali Agus1, Ambar Pertiwiningrum1
...tion, thus, the most diverse was SA. The Hardy-Weinberg disequilibrium of PE and SA indicated the influence of the breeding program. The genotypes affected the αs1 casein, total casein, and αs1/β ratio, in which AA was highest. The A, F, and N allele expressions were 3.21, 0.82, and 0.60g/L, respectively. It can be drawn that the CSN1S1 gene variation has occurred in those breeds and an intermediate-expressing genotype was predominant, which a...
Tevina Edwin, Arfa’i*, Olivio Dickresna
...ring by smallholder farmers is needed to see how successful the livestock business is and how much the livestock business contributes to the livestock farmer’s livelihood. We aimed to examine the husbandry system and income of beef cattle enterprises located in Luak Sub-district, Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra Province, Indonesia. We used a total of ninetyseven farmers who ag...
Irfan Safdar Durrani*, Noreen Asim and Ammar Sohail
...nding Transcription factors was performed using pyDockDNA. The OsGLP12-3 promoter region (1863bp) was PCR amplified using genomic DNA from Indica rice cultivar Dilrosh-97 and subsequently purified and sequenced. Sequence analysis using Plant Care online database revealed 32 different regulatory elements in Nipponbare while 31 different regulatory elements were found in Dilrosh-97. The cis-acting elements were found to be involved in plant hormonal inductions, ...
Naeem Tariq Narejo1*, Muhammad Hanif Chandio2, Faheem Saddar3, Majida Parveen Narejo4, Bushra Ainy Dars5, Hafeez ur Rehman Narejo6, Athar Mustafa Laghari2, Shafiq ur Rehman Shaikh3, Shahnaz Rashid7 and Ghulam Abbas7
...was continuous for 24 hours, and feeding occurred twice daily. The findings of this study indicate that T-II demonstrated the highest performance in terms of growth metrics, followed by T-III. Conversely, a significant drop in performance was observed in T-I (p < 0.05). The highest temperature, measured at T-III, was recorded as 32 °C during the month of June. Conversely, the lowest...
Abir Ishtiaq1*, Abdul Ghaffar2, Maria Younas1, Tasveer Ishtiaq1, Zara Naeem3 and Muhammad Naeem4*
...body composition parameters’ variables in relation to body size and condition factor. Mean body weight and total length was measured and condition factor of farmed collected fish was calculated as 556.45±28.24 g, 34.78±0.60 cm and 1.30±0.02, respectively. On wet weight basis, mean percentage for water, protein, fat and ash was found 74.70±0.76%, 16.92±0.66%, 4.60±0.16% and 3.78...
Tanvir Hussain1,2*, Kafeel Ahmad2, Muhammad Bilal Zia1, Hammad Uddin1, Khalid Hussain1, Muhammad Inamulla Khan3 and Said Akhtar Khan1
... explore the genetic diversity both within and across the populations of Himalayan Spruce growing in the dry temperate and moist temperate forests of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP), Pakistan using random amplified polymorphic (RAPD) DNA method. Five study sites were selected and 20 samples (needles) from each site were collected. Six RAPD markers produced 92 amplicons with sizes range 250-2000bp. Among all studied populations 100% ...
Saman Rizwan and Sohaib Aslam*
...l covered by residues) versus incorporated (residue incorporated in surface soil layer). Carbon mineralization patterns under two treatments were unique from each other. The results showed that all treatments enhance the carbon mineralization in soil with addition of residues compared to control. Soil treatment with incorporated residues (using 1g of residues) resulted in fastest respiration rates followed by mulched treatment. The soil treatment with incorpor...
Afshan1, Asad Ullah2*, Imad Khan2, Rafiq Ullah1, Tahira Tayyab1, Fatima Syed3, Raheela Taj3, Shumaila Gul4, Faiza Khan5, Ibad Ullah Jan6, Syed Weqas Ali7 and Assad Ullah8
...hyroid hormones of broilers under dexamethasone induce stress. Day old 100 chicks were purchased from trading hatchery and divided randomly into five different groups having four replicates (n=5) in each group. Broiler chickens feed with starter and finishing commercial corn based basal diet with different concentration of selenium powder. Basal diet (BD) was fed to Group A, which kept as negative control group and no dexamethasone (DE) was offered. Group B wa...
Ikramullah and Inayatullah Jan*
... different areas of the erstwhile FATA. This study examines the transformative effect of on-farm water management on expansion of irrigated land in the newly merged district Bajaur. This study is based on household data collected through a pre-tested questionnaire from 120 farming households. Paired t-test was used to assess the role of OFWM in expansion of irrigated area. The results of the study showed that OFWM has a significant positive effect on irrigated...
Ahmad Khan1, Muhammad Amjad Ali1, Muhammad Tahir1, Samreen Nazeer2*, Muhammad Zubair Akram3*, Muhammad Arslan Azmat1 and Sabina Asghar4
... on plant growth parameters. Impact of morphological plant characters on galling population and egg mass index was assessed. Results revealed that Ujala-16 yielded best crop stands with plant height (92.79 cm), root weight (0.94 g), tillering capacity (12.4), grain count per spike (49.7), grain weight (42.0 g), and grain yield per pot (9.3g). Ujala-16 and Faisalabad-86 had minimum galls per pot and egg mass index of 1.6:1.2 ...
Muhammad Mukhtar*, Syamsul Bahri, Syahruddin
...g LOF Bio-urine. Parameters measured were (1) plant growth, namely plant height and tiller number, (2) biomass production, namely fresh matter weight, dry matter weight and leaf blade percentage and (3) nitrogen uptake. The results showed that the treatment had a very significant effect (P<0.01) on growth and biomass production, and a significant effect (P<0.05) on nitrogen uptake. The highest yield for plant height growth reached 446 cm and the growth o...
Ehtesham Khan, Talha Ahmed, M. Irfan Anis* and Syed Ahsan Rehman
...ity and production. Sensors are used for the continuous monitoring of temperature, humidity and light Intensity. These sensors data is updated every minute (up to user) to achieve real-time monitoring of the plant’s environmental conditions. There is also an incorporation of Deep Learning algorithm named Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) for monitoring of pest. IP102 and different i...
Hafiz Nawaz1*, Kashaf Nawaz2, Attiq ur Rehman1, Muhammad Bashir3, Mussera Hira2 and Mariyam Nawaz4
...ating features, and dispersion must be studied critically. Mungbean Yellow Mosaic Disease (MYMD) is a whitefly-transmitted viral disease. Infected plants have uneven yellow-green spots. Diseased plants develop late and produce few flowers and pods. MYMD causes 85% of economic losses. Begomovirus is a Begomovirus. DNA-A and DNA-B make up its single-stranded genome. The virus’s virulen...
Promising Immunomodulation Potential of Ganoderma lucidium and Oregano as Mixture on Broiler Chicken
Fateh A. Badi*, Anwar A. G. Al-Kubati, Naif Al-Gabri
...riganum vulgare on broilers chicken are not completely understood. In this study, four broiler chicken groups around 3 week age each group contain 10 chicken was divided randomly. First group was feed with (2g/ Kg feed) from Ganoderma lucidium (G group), second group was treated with ( 2g/Kg feed) Origanum vulgare (O Group) in a feed and the third group was treated with mixture of both Ga...
Dwi Desmiyeni Putri1*, Nurhayati1, Intan Kamilia Habsari1, Ni Luh Putu Ika Mayasari2
...pathotypic-specific primers to detect ND viruses circulating in Indonesia. This study used 4 ND isolates characterized by RT-PCR and amino acid sequencing (Putri et al. 2018). The 4 ND isolates used as isolates represented the NDV currently circulating in Indonesia. The study used 4 pathotype-specific primers. The first step of the study was to analyze the compatibility of the prime
Haneen Imad Al-Sultani1*, Ahmed Obaid Hussain1, Hazar Shakir Saleh2
...group) as follows: The first control group was given normal saline solution, the second group 10 mg/kg rosuvastatin, the third group was given 20 mg/kg rosuvastatin, while the fourth group was given 40 mg/kg rosuvastatin. The dose was continued for 60 days in a once-daily dosing regimen. After the end of the experiment, chemical analyses were performed for kidney function, including cystatin C and vitamin D3. Then, the rats were dissected, and kidney tiss...
Sajida Batool1, Mubeen Akhtar1, Shafaat Yar Khan1,2*
... common endocrine disorders in childbearing aged females. This study is designed to compare a few anthropometric, hematological, and biochemical parameters in PCOS patients with that of normal females including correlation between interleukin-3 and blood cell count. Patients with PCOS and normal healthy females (n=60) of same age group were included in this study following Rotterdam ESHRE/ASRM criteria. The paramete
Md. Ariful Alam1, Mst. Misrat Masuma Parvez1, Md. Salauddin2*, Rakibul Islam1 and Md. Bazlar Rashid1
...on hematological parameters and histopathological changes. Sixty (60) sonali chickens of twenty-three days old were randomly divided into five groups and each group contained 12 chickens. All groups were supplied E. tenella orally except the T0 group and after 3 days T2 and T3 group was treated with yeast 1g/kg and 1.5g/kg feed for 14 days and T4 groups were treated with amprium-vet Powder (amprolium hydrochloride 20%) at a dose rate of 1g per 3 lite
Md. Ariful Alam1, Mst. Misrat Masuma Parvez1, Md. Salauddin2*, Rakibul Islam1 and Md. Bazlar Rashid1
...on hematological parameters and histopathological changes. Sixty (60) sonali chickens of twenty-three days old were randomly divided into five groups and each group contained 12 chickens. All groups were supplied E. tenella orally except the T0 group and after 3 days T2 and T3 group was treated with yeast 1g/kg and 1.5g/kg feed for 14 days and T4 groups were treated with amprium-vet Powder (amprolium hydrochloride 20%) at a dose rate of 1g per 3 lite
Javed Iqbal*, Mamoona Hanif, Nadia Hussain Ahmad, Amna Bibi, Zaib-un-Nisa and Sadia Kanwal
...lign: justify;">Pakistan’s main source of fiber is cotton. Both living (biotic) and non-living (abiotic) stimuli, including high temperatures, have a deleterious impact on its formation. The goal of the current study was to investigate the genetic foundation of upland cotton’s heat tolerance. On the basis of CMT%, canopy temperature, seed cotton production, node number of first...
Imtiaz Khan1*, Abdullah1, Muhammad Ibrahim1, Muhammad Ishfaq Khan1, Saima Hashim1, Shomayela Afzal2 and Khalid Nawab3
...tment. The study parameters include; weed density (m-2) before and after application, fresh and dry weight (m-2) of A. tenuifolius Cav., plant height (cm), number of nodes and branches plant-1, leaf area index (LAI), number of pods plant-1, number of grains pod-1, 500 seed weight (g), biological yield (kgha-1), grain yield (kgha-1) and cost benefit ratio (%).The data analysis revealed that the herbicide Pendimethalin showed the lowest A. tenuifolius Cav. densi...
Afsheen Khattak1, Shahida Naveed1*, Naila Khalid1, Inayat Ullah Khan2 and Tamana Bakht3
Waqas Ahmad*, Muhammad Naeem
...fication and genetic diversity is important to explore biodiversity and conservation of species. Here we identified a commercially important fish Notopterus notopterus and analysed its genetic diversity. For the purpose of identification 15 specimens of N. notopterus were collected from Satluj, Ravi, Indus, Jehlum and Chenab rivers of Pakistan and barcod...
Zahir Muhammad1, Muhammad Zubair Anjum1*, Shamim Akhter1, Muhammad Irfan1, Saira Amin1, Yousaf Jamal1, Sharjeel khalid2 and Shakira Ghazanfar2
...in (% WG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR). Morphometry was also taken for total length (TL); standard length (SL); dorsal fin length (DFL); head length (HL); eye diameter (ED); pectoral fin length (PFL); pelvic fin length (PvFL); anal fin length (AFL), and caudal fin length (CFL). Fish treated with T3 had the highest growth performance indicated by FW (36.00±1.13g), WG (29.86±0.57g), AWG (0.49±0.01g), S...
Waheed Ahmad1, Muhammad Tayyab1*, Bushra Muneer2*, Abu Saeed Hashmi1, Mansurud Din Ahmad3, Shagufta Saeed1, Muhammad Nauman Aftab2, Sehrish Firyal1, Muhammad Wasim1, Muhammad Azam4, Muhammad Talha5 and Ali Raza Awan1
...ed up take and feed conversion ratio (FCR) as compared to negative control. Locally produced protease showed promising results as compared to positive control which is being used currently in the poultry industry. The weight gain, feed intake and feed conversion ratio of 1891.54g, 3750g and 1.98 of experimental group D were comparable to 1874.49g, 3740 g and 1.995 in case of positive control. The ability of protease to enhan...
Kristina Morkūnienė*, Rūta Insodaitė, Laimutis Kučinskas, Renata Bižienė
...y be due to several factors, including drifting of infested bees, movement of bee swarms, robbing of weakened colonies. However, some bees’ colonies are resistant to V. destructor and that may be related to changes in the amino acid sequence of the Mblk1 protein leading to higher brain functions in bees. In this study, we aimed to test the contribution of three Mblk-1 gene polymorphisms to the resistance to V. destruct...
Ghani Khan1, Saeed Ahmed Soomro1, Abdul Kabir2, Abdullah Iqbal3*,Naik Muhammad Marri 4, Syed Ahmad khan5, Muhammad Roidar Khan6 , Anees ur Rehman1, Muhammad Zakir Khan7
...evels in milk from the first lactation, while specific gravity did not differ significantly between the control and oxytocin-treated groups. Total solids, ash, and protein concentration were significantly higher in the oxytocin group, while lactose concentration significantly increased in all lactations of the oxytocin group. Higher milk production was also observed in the third lactation of the oxytocin group. This study provides new insights into the effect ...
Abdul Kabir1*, Anees Ur Rahman2, Inzamam Ali Shah2, Ibad ur Rahman2
...(VACV). Buffalopox was first reported in India in 1934 and has since become an emerging and re-emerging disease in the Indian subcontinent and other countries. The disease is characterized by pock lesions on the skin and mucous membranes of the affected animals and humans, with complications such as mastitis, secondary infections, and reduced milk production. Buffalopox is transmitted through direct contact with infected animals or their secretions, or through...
Frah R Kbyeh1*, Ahmed N. Abedsalih2
...st the contributing factors is a novel method to overcome this scarcity. The analgesic medication diclofenac was reported to have anti-virulence action against resistance Escherichia coli O157 :H7. This study aimed to demonstrate the antimicrobial effect of diclofenac, Ciprofloxacin, and a combination (diclofenac +ciprofloxacin) against clinical resistance E coli o157 H7 isolates by using Polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The presented study, all r...
Fatemeh Beheshti1, Maliheh Safavi2, Mohammad Reza Akbari Eidgahi1,3, Parviz Kokhaei4, Mehdi Vazirian5 and Ali Akbar Shabani1,3*
...eaves contain a wide diversity of chemicals. Findings from this research revealed that I. purpurea leaves contain chemicals with excellent antioxidant and biological capabilities, which might be attributed to the existence of bioactive molecules and provide additional data for future research....
Zain Ali1, Amjed Ali1, Bilal Ahmad Khan1*, Muhammad Ather Nadeem1, Muhammad Asif1, Adnan Ashraf1, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar1, Iram Inayat2, Aneela Nijabat3 and Rameez Hussain3,4
...ege of Agriculture, University of Sargodha to evaluate the combined effect of sunflower and maize crop for the quality production of silage for enhancing the growth and production in the animals. Six maize hybrids were used along with the sunflower, tree were twelve treatments, each maize with sunflower as intercrop and only maize hybrids as solo crop. Outcome of research revealed that both of sunflower heads and maize plants have better combination for the si...
Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Noor-us-Sabah1*, Muhammad Waryam Warraich1, Ghulam Sarwar1, Muhammad Aftab2, Fakhar Mujeeb3, Muhammad Zeeshan Maznoor1, Aneela Riaz4 and Sarfraz Hussain2
...on sequestering fertilizers in this regard using wheat as a test crop under aridisols. Different carbon sequestering fertilizers (CSFs) i.e., press mud, compost and fly ash were applied @ 0% (control), 0.5 and 1% of soil weight along with recommended doses of two K chemical fertilizers (SOP and MOP). After the crop was harvested, soil sampling was carried out followed by analysis in the la...
Hafiza Mehwish Iqbal1, Salman Khurshid1*, Saqib Arif1, Qurrat-ul-Ain Akbar1, Saba Iqbal2, Shahid Yousaf3, Kainat Qureshi1, Abdul Karim Khan5, Abdul Ahad6, Aqeel Ahmed Siddique4 and Neelofar Hamid7
... attention from researchers. ...
Waheed Ali Panhwar1*, Mehtab Ali Mahar2 and Abdul Manan Shaikh3
...furcicauda is reported first time from Sindh Province of Pakistan. Beside this, description of the species and distribution of species along with digital images are provided for the first time. Hopefully, present study will provide a firm basis for future researchers concerned with this group....
Mollah Mohammad Lalmoddin*, Pal Dipa Rani, Ferdous Jannatul
...prevalence and risk factors of lumpy skin disease in cattle population in the study area was determined. A total number of 1390 diseases cases were recorded randomly irrespective of age, sex, breed and season over the study period, among them 325 case were clinically diagnosed as Lumpy Skin Disease. The overall prevalence of Lumpy Skin Disease in cattle was 23.38%. The prevalence of Lumpy Skin Disease was maximum 33.84% at age of 0-6 months, in compared with 2...
Muhammad Nauman Arif1, Muhammad Mansha1* and Tanveer Hussain2
... its meat, skin and antlers, but there are insufficient molecular data, provoking us to explore its genetic variation and phylogenetic analysis using ATPase 6/8 genes of mitochondrial DNA. The blood samples from hog deer were collected and DNA was extracted by using in-house organic methods. PCR was used to amplify a total of 880 bp of overlapping genes, which were then sequenced. Bioedit software was used to align, and edit the sequences, and single nucleotid...
Lu Yang1,2*, Ke Zhang3 and Jin-Hui Wang1,2,4
...ten N-acetyldopamine dimers, named Cicadamide C1–C10 (compounds 1–10), were isolated from Periostracum Cicadae. One-dimensional NMR, two-dimensional NMR, mass spectrometry, CD spectroscopy, and chemical evidence were performed to further determine their structures. In the results, ten N-acetyldopamine dimers were isolated and their structures were elucidated. This study provides a basic reference for further biol...
Jasir Hakim Hidayah1,2, Yos Adi Prakoso2, Sitarina Widyarini3*
...artery ligation for 4 hours. After 24 hours, the rats were treated twice daily using various doses of calabash for seven days. On day 8, the brains were collected and processed against histopathology. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 26. The result indicated that the most efficacious dose of calabash was 2.96 mg/kg BW from the P5 group. It is supported by the minimization of infarc...
Yanmei Wang1,2, Haoyun Li1, Lijuan Han1 and Wenkui Wang1*
...abolic disorder that occurs in broilers. It is characterized by pulmonary hypertension, right heart failure and a large amount of yellowish liquid accumulated in the body cavity, and has become one of the most causes of non-infectious death in broiler industry worldwide. The macrophage migration inhibition factor (MIF) and related protein and gene expressions in its downstream signal pathways need to be studied to explore th...
Romaan Hayat Khattak1, Shakeel Ahmed2, Liwei Teng1,3* and Zhensheng Liu1,3*
...he most influential factors defining red fox suitable habitats. Based on the results obtained in the current study, we strongly recommend focusing preservation of highly and moderately suitable areas for red fox in the study area and ensuring the conservation of these near-threatened ecologically important meso-carnivores by reducing human impacts on wild habitats....
Faiza Naeem1, Muhammad Farooq Sabar1, Muhammad Usman Ghani2,*, Qurat Ul Ain1 and Qurat-ul-Ain Zafar1
...nked the thirteen most persuasive genes from top to bottom as IL10, IL4, ORMDL3, IL13, MS4A2, ADAM33, STAT6, GSDMA, IKZF3, LRRC3C, IL27, CD14, and ACE. This study enlightens the significantly associated asthma genes in the Pakistani population, figures out influential asthma linked pathways, and ranking of influential genes predicting their role in targeted drug discovery and therapies....
Shudong Liu1,2, Shuai Wang1,2, Haoran Cui1 and Genyuan Chen1,2*
...c and environmental factors. We aimed to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and genomic regions that are associated with ACMS in the Chinese Merino sheep population. To identify the genetic risk factors of alopecia in Chinese Merino sheep population, we carried out a genome-wide association study (GWAS). The 60 Chinese Merino sheep alopecia cases and the 190 Chinese Merino sheep controls were from the same lives...
Hyun-Su Hwang1, Jae-Kang Lee2, Tae-Kyung Eom2, Seung-Hun Son3, Dong-Ho Lee2, Hyeongyu Ko2 and Shin-Jae Rhim2*
... plots and set up 3 feeders in each plot. The feeders were located 1.5 m above the ground and spaced 1 m apart. We selected 3 types of food resources (kidney beans, brown soybeans, and peanuts) based on their energy per 100 g. We supplied 200 g of each food type at the feeders. Feeders were recorded with a digital camera (HDR AS15, Sony, Tokyo, Japan) fo...
Hassan Anwar1, Talha Anwar2, Khurram Muaz3, Muhammad Riaz4* and Rabia Anwar5
...less appealing to consumers due to their texture, taste, and chewability. This study aimed to prepare chapatis from wheat, barley, and oat flour mixed in different proportions to achieve a consumer acceptable combination. Gluten was also added to give better texture, chewability and taste. To test the likeliness of people, we tested 14 chapatis on a hedonic scale of 1-9 by ten participants. The panellist liked equally mixed wheat and gluten chapatis with an ov...
Ahmed H. El-Anwar, Eid A. Mabrouk, Khaled M. Ali, Nermeen A. Helmy, Rehab M. Reda*
...erum biochemical parameters, and testicular functions in growing V-line male rabbits. A total of 45 V-line were randomly separated into 3 equal groups; the first group (acted as control) was fed on a plain ration, and the two other groups (second and third groups) were nourished for 3 months on a plain diet supplemented with 60 mg ZnO/ kg and 60 mg n-ZnO/ kg, respectively. Growth performances; body weight (BW), body weight ...
Ghusoon Hasan Jadaan1*, Khalisa K. Khudair2
.... Curcumin Phytosome NPs’ impact on dyslipidemia and inflammatory state in SiO2NPa-exposed female rats was investigated. Approximately 32 female rats were divided into four groups as follows: T1: was administered oral 200 mg/kg of SiO2NPs, T2: received oral SiO2NPs and 100mg/kg of curcumin phytosome, and T3: was administered oral 100 mg/kg of curcumin phytosome. Blood samples were collected from anesthetized rats through cardiac puncture by terminating t...
Aniqa Nasir1, Rashid Masih1, Shazma Massey1*, Laiba Arshad2, Sabi Ur Rehman2, Irva Waqar1 and Anwar Khalid3
...consumer goods. In today’s world, non-adherent bandages are essential for reducing the pain and discomfort of people after surgery. In the present study, Cydonia oblonga mucilage was used to prepare non-adherent wound dressing and its stability is determined by thermal analysis by using advanced isoconversional method. Isoconversional method is used to determine kinetic triplet inclu...
Sabi Ur Rehman1*, Laiba Arshad1, Saman Ali1, Shazma Massey2, Safeer Khan3, Abdul Samad4 and Fazal-Ur-Rehman5
...ions. These findings underscore the significance of green synthesis methods in nanoparticle production and their potential roles in various fields, including medicine and biotechnology....
Muhammad Mansoor1, Shahid Hameed Khalil2,4*, Muhammad Arshad Khan3, Ghani Akbar2, Muhammad Shahzad Khan4, Rana Naveed Mustafa2 and Salah ud Din5
...Pakistan. This study underscores the importance of adopting appropriate irrigation schedules for mung beans in such environments....
Muhammad Luqman1*, Muhammad Talha Shoaib1, Muhammad Yaseen1, Umair Safdar2 and Hassan Raza2
...higher farm yields, farmers use different fertilizers and pesticides to protect their crops from diseases and insect pest attacks. In this perspective, current study was designed to explore negative consequences of pesticides applications on human health and environment in district Sargodha. A cross sectional survey method using convenient sampling was adopted for this research and data wa...
Khanitta Pengmeesri1,2* Thassawan Somchan1 , Doungnapa Promket1,3
...ing at 4°C for 24 hours. The assessment covers thaw, cooking, and drip losses, along with shear force measurements. Muscle fibers in the breast and thigh were studied via Scanning Electron Microscopy. Using a Completely Randomized Design, meat quality records underwent analysis with four treatments: 10 weeks age of CBN (10CBN), 12 weeks age of CBN (12CBN), 10 weeks age of YWN (10YWT), ...
Sara H. Zughayyar*, Amer H. Gyad
...ated that after three hours, the castor oil-treated animals produced liquid feces. Enteropooling test findings revealed that castor oil generated an accumulation of water and electrolytes in the intestinal loop. Weight and volume of the intestine were reduced after treatment with the fruit extract of Prosopis farcta L. In contrast to loperamide, all groups intestinal contents varied significantly (P≤0.05) in volume and weight. Histopathological examinations...
Muhammad Farooq Bhatti1, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir1*, Aamir Ali1, Hooria Ashraf Khan1, Rabia Fajar Ali2, Ayesha Muzamil1, Fariha Munir3, Fatima Ijaz1, Rizwan Khurshid3
...tation faced by the farmers is the availability of most appropriate silk seed that suits the local environmental conditions. This research study suggests that the silkworms of Chinese race are better adapted and produce more yield in local climatic conditions of Punjab, Pakistan.
...
Rana Mahmood Ahmad*, Orooba M.S. Ibrahim
...duced by complete Freund’s Adjuvants injected (S.c.) into the hind paw. The confirmation of the synthesis and characterization of ZnONPs was achieved through the utilization of a UV-spectrophotometer and SEM. For this purpose, eighteen adult male rats 200 ± 50 g at six months of age will be randomly divided into three groups, each containing six rats. Groups 2 and 3 were treated daily for 14 days from the day of Freund&rs<...
Kanda Yanuar Muhamad1,3, Trioso Purnawarman2, Chaerul Basri2*
...een notable in recent years. Importing reptiles from countries with a history of reptile-borne zoonoses may potentially introduce pathogenic agents and facilitate their spread in Indonesia. The knowledge and awareness of importers and traders play a crucial role in mitigating the emergence of such potential risks. This research aimed to assess the level of knowledge among importe
Arslan Muhammad Ali Khan1, Rao Zahid Abbas1*, Zia ud Din Sindhu1, Muhammad Shahid Mahmood2
...e observed via adult immersion test (AIT), the larval immersion test (LIT), egg hatchability test (EHT), and the tick repellency assay. GC-FID provided that the main compounds of A. subulatum essential oil were monoterpenoids (limonene and α-terpinene, and α-terpineol) (33.8%) while other chemical compounds were α-terpinolene (9.5%), sabinene (9.3%), 1- Carveol (8.9%), α-phellandrene (7.8%), linalool ...
Syed Nouman shah1, Anees Ur Rahman1, Midrar Ullah2, Shahab Ahmad Nawaz1, Muhammad Said1, Abdul Kabir1,3*, Abdul Hafeez Bukero1, Maaz Ahmad1 and Muhammad Sadiq1
...ices, and mycotoxin binders. We found that proper harvest and ensiling techniques; silage additives and preservatives that prevent fungal growth; regular monitoring of storage conditions and feed samples; well-mixed feed formulations with mycotoxin binders; diversified feed ingredients and optimized feed processing techniques can reduce mycotoxin levels in silage and their negative impacts...
Danish Kamal2, Muhammad Abbass Khan1, Ghulam Mujtaba-Shah1, Naveed Ahmed1, Maryam Iqbal¹, Basharat Hussain Shah1 and Imtiaz Ahmed1*
...d for anatomical parameters such as epidermis cells, mesophyll cells and epidermal anatomy of leaves. The stem length, stem girth, number of leaves plant-1, leaf width, leaf length, distance between node, pedicel length and flower in tea samples ranged between 9.66-71.80cm, 1.40-2.54cm, 7.66-15.66cm, 4.83-1.66cm, 11.50 3.86cm 4.76-1.50cm, 2.03-1.06 and 4.56- 2.66cm. In anatomical study transverse section of tea varieties and...
Agha Mushtaque Ahmed1*, Ali Zachi Abdul Qadeer Alhilifi2, Fahad Nazir Khoso1, Muhammad Ibrahim Kubar1, Tehniyat Naz Shah3 and Touseef Ahmed1
...cial diets, only the flours were different, while the rest of the ingredients remained the same. Sixty first instar larvae were introduced in a Petri dish to observe larval duration, larval weight, and adult fecundity. Each larva was offered 0.5 mg of diet in a plastic cup and replaced after every 24 hrs. A prominent effect of different diets on larval development was noticed. The survival...
Sidra Hafeez1, Tayyaba Sanaullah2, Hafsa Naeem3, Mah Noor Hassan4, Muttalib5, Farhana Kausar6, Muhammad Salman Hameed7*, Muhammad Anayat Ullah8, Abdul Samad9, Memoona Bashir10 and Sadaf Shabbir11
...the vicinity of The University of Agriculture, Faisalabad and isolated D. bryoniae on the respective media. Then morphologically identification was observed through fungal growth pattern, growth color, spores shape, spores color, hyphal septation. For the confirmation of Koch’s postulates, the pathogenicity test was performed. CTAB method and Internal Transcribed Spacer region were applied to isolate and amplify the fu...
Hafsa Saeed, Soumble Zulfiqar, Abeedha Tu-Allah Khan and Abdul Rauf Shakoori*
... resistance in some members of Enterobacteriaceae. However, its role has not yet been explored in K. pneumoniae. This study focused on molecular characterization of ZntR, a transcriptional regulator of znt operon. The minimum inhibitory concentration of zinc, lead and cadmium were 10, 10 and 4 mM, respectively against K. pneumoniae KW. The strain also exhibited metal uptake and storage ability. Having amplified and cloned zntR gene, expressed and purified ZntR...
Ying Chen1, Chao-Zheng Li2, Zhun Yu3, Jia Zhou4, Yan Xu4, Zhe Lin4, He Lin4* and Xiao-Wei Huang4*
...rdial tissue, reduce interstitial edema and inflammatory infiltration, and improve the structural damage of rat myocardial tissue. The expression levels of HO-1, NQO1 and Nrf2 protein in rat myocardial tissue were up-regulated. In conclusion, VAP can improve the structural damage of rat myocardial tissue, improve the antioxidant activity of myocardial, and reduce oxidative stress injury. The relevant mechanism may be related to the regulation of Nrf2/ARE signa...
Jinwen Liu, Hong Li, Jinhua Zhang, Jianping Li and Xiujuan Yan*
...ed. One-way ANOVA and Pearson analysis was performed to process the data. The results showed that, the interactions between above- and below-ground herbivores had a negative effect on corn. Belowground herbivore grubs inhibited the aboveground herbivores of aphids, and aboveground herbivores prevented the increase of grubs, whereas plants regulated population change through interaction with above- and below-ground herbivores, thus reducing the survival rate of...
Adeel Kazam1, Safdar Sidra2, Zulfiqar Ali1*, Rida Ahmad1,3, Ahmad Bilal1 and Aliza Batool1,3
...n the survival of biodiversity. The recent study aimed to evaluate diversity, abundance and threats to birds of an important Ramsar site, Uchalli Wetland Complex, along with Ahmedabad lake. Data were collected by direct (point count) as well as indirect method (interviews) from December 2020 to May 2021. In total, 139 avian species of 27,450 individuals were recorded at study sites. Results revealed that the species richness...
Ismail Demircioglu1, Yasin Demiraslan2, Barıs Can Güzel3*, Ali Koçyigit4 and Aysegül Demircioglu5
...elations, and breed factors of Hamdani and Awassi sheep have an effect on the shape by using geometric morphometry method through their crania. For this purpose, heads of 7 adult Hamdani sheep and 10 adult Awassi sheep were used for the dorsal analysis of cranium and heads of 8 adult Hamdani and 9 adult Awassi sheep were used for lateral analysis of cranium. In the dorsal and lateral compa...
Hina Mumtaz, Muhammad Zeeshan Majeed*, Muhammad Afzal, Muhammad Arshad, Arif Mehmood and Muhammad Qasim
...ptera: Noctuidae), was first time reported in Pakistan during March 2019 causing severe damage to maize crop. As a new pest, there is little information available on its susceptibility to insecticides in Pakistan. We evaluated selective synthetic insecticides with different modes of action to control S. frugiperda larvae in the laboratory as well as under semi-field and field conditions. All insecticides performed well in controlling S. frugiperda larvae under...
Siswanto Imam Santoso*, Agus Setiadi, Maulina Syafa’ati Ningrum
...arming business in partnership with Ciomas Adisatwa Ltd in Kaliwungu District, Kudus Regency. This research uses a survey method. The sampling method in this study was total sampling or census with a total of 6 farmers. The sample was divided into two levels: strata I 1-30,000 broilers and strata II > 30,000 broilers chicken. The data analysis method ...
Nazia Suleman* and Asia Riaz
...les are effective predators of soft bodied insect pests. They can be mass reared in laboratories for applied biological control against sucking insect pests. Laboratory rearing of ladybirds often need live host, preferably aphids. Artificial diets prepared from different sources do not prove very successful due to complexity of preparation for coccinellid beetles. Short seasonal availability of aphids hinders the rearing pro...
Muhammad Afzal1, Muhammad Ashraf Sumrah2*, Azhar Hussain2, Zoma Saleem2, Syed Hamza Mehfooz2 and Javeria Sherani3
...sh crop for orchard growers and fruit producers. It is famous for its dietary and economic benefits all over the world. Field experiences and literature reveals that avocado varieties behave differently in different locations. These studies were conducted for standardization of promising commercial variety of avocado for cultivation in Punjab. Avocado varieties Murree Gola and Ceylon blue were tested in different locations f...
Nusirat Aderinsola Sadiku1, Oluwatoyin Adenike Fabiyi2* and Tesleem Taye Bello3
...tify;">Pyroligneous Liquors are obtained from diverse biomasses and have been found to contain important biologically active components with high phenolic, carbonyl and organic acid contents which have several pest control properties. Bamboo Pyroligneous Liquor (BPL) has proved effective in controlling several insect pests of many crops but its nematicidal potential is yet to be fully determined. We, therefore, investigated ...
Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Muhammad Muddassir Ali3, Tariq Usman4, Bilques Bano5, Nazia Rubab6, Syed Tasadak Mehdi7, Muhammad Wasim Iqbal8, Kumayl Hassan Akhtar9, Hira Hameed10
...y been studied for the first time in Lahore with a proper treatment protocol and comparison with levamisole, oxyclozanide and the combination of both drugs.
...
Xiao-Wei Huang1,2, Mei-Li Liu1, Jin-Ji Wang1, Yue-Xin Liu3, Zhe Lin1, Chun-Shu Rong4* and Ji-Xiang Ren4*
...administration, the rats’ behavioral indexes were observed through the open field test (OFT), and the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and nerve growth factor (NGF) in serum were detected using ELISA. The protein expression levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), protein kinase B (Akt) and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) in the hippocampus were detected through western blottin...
Yu Song1*, Yueping Wei2 and Peng Wang3
...mmunity composition, diversity and functional potentialities of the rhizosphere bacterial in the coupled rice-crab system were investigated through 16S rRNA gene high-throughput sequencing. The results showed that, a total of 444,882 sequences from 12 samples were obtained, and 6637 bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs) with 97% sequence similarity were identified. The rhizosphere bacterial communities were more influenced by growth stages of rice than ...
Rudhy Gustiano1*, Iskandariah Iskandariah2, M.H. Fariduddin Ath-Thar1, Gleni H. Huwoyon4 and Deni Radona3
...onship showed that the first cluster represented by populations from South Sumatra, Lampung, East and West Jawa. Even the hatching phase was the most critical phase in the early development of snakeskin gourami but the early development performance of fertilized eggs, embryos, and larvae showed no differences between observed populations. The survival rate of larvae for East Java, West Kalimantan and Lampung were 92%, 86% and 82%, respectively....
Zhi Qiang Gao*, Dan Dan Zhang, Qin Gmei Qin, Xiu Xiu Li, Li Li, Yan Zhong Xue and Shifeng Guo
...ed with glioneuronal tumors (GNTs), including 25 cases of gangliogliomas (GGs) and 15 cases of dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNTs). Then, the DNA of GNTs tissues was extracted, and the PSEN1 E280A mutation was detected by sequencing. Finally, the correlation of PSEN1 E280A mutation with clinical characteristics was analyzed. PSEN1 E280A mutation was detected in 16 GNTs patients (44% in GGs (11/25) and 33.3% in DNT...
Ashfaq Hussain1, Javed Khan2, Ammara Blouch3, Ahmad-Ur-Rahman Saljoqi1, Ashraf Khan4,5* and Zaheer Sikandar6
...able stage in the beetle’s life cycle, followed by 1st instar larval stage, which also showed higher mortality. The maximum survival fraction was observed for pre-pual and fourth instar larvae, while the minimum was found for the egg stage. Mortality survival ratio (MSR) was found to be maximum at the egg stage and minimum at the 4th instar and pre-pupal stages, while the Indispensable mortality (I.M.) was found to be maximum at the egg stage and minimum...
Adnan Ibrahim Khamis1, Jasim Mohammed Saleh2*, Najwa S. Ali3 and Anwer Thamer Ghaffoori2
...vince for two reasons: First, because it represents a third of Iraq by area, and the second reason is that it was described as one of the least stable provinces because of the military operations it was subjected to and had a great impact on all aspects of economic, social, and cultural life. The research method is to use the questionnaire to achieve the objectives of the study after it has been corrected according to the opinions of experts in the required fi...
Nguyen Huu Van1*, Nguyen Thi Mui1, Dinh Van Dung1, Van Ngoc Phong1, Tran Ngoc Long1, Le Tran Hoan1, Le Duc Thao1, Vo Thi Minh Tam1, Ngo Mau Dung1, Bui Van Loi1, Nguyen Xuan Ba1, Ton Nu Minh Thi2, Nishino Naoki2
...conomic benefit for farmers without any adverse effects on nutrient digestibility and rumen fermentation of the animals.
Keywords | Phan Rang sheep, Concentrate, Rumen fermentation, Digestibility, Growth, Carcass
...
Merita Ayu Indrianti1,2*, Didi Rukmana3, Eymal Bahsar Demmallino3, Muh. Hatta Jamil3
...d to incentives for farmers whose land is determined in the LP2B program.
Keywords | Sustainable food land, LP2B, Gorontalo district, Regulations, Staple feed
...
Abida Mushtaque1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh1, Aamir Ghafoor1*, Wasim Shehzad2 and Nadeem Ahmad3
...r membrane proteins (OMP’s) which assist in interaction with host cells. The outer membrane protein H (OmpH) of Pasteurella multocida B:2 is a major transmembrane porin that can be used as a subunit vaccine and development of diagnostic kit against hemorrhagic septicemia (HS) because of its immunogenic nature. Pasteurella multocida has economic importance because of endemic and epizootic diseases in domestic and wild animals. This bacterium is an opportu...
Wei Wan1, Xiao-Li Wang1, Shu-Juan Wang2, Qin Si2 and Li-Qing Duan1*
...Correlation between numbers of synergistic or antagonistic binary mixtures and AChE or GST activities was analyzed. The results showed that 2-ethylimidazole had the strongest acute toxicity against P. sinica adult, with a median lethal concentration (LC50) value of 0.52 g/L. Among the 66 binary mixtures, 19 showed strong synergistic effects, while 21 showed antagonistic effects. The most profound synergistic effect was the mixture of l-carvone and dihydrocarvo...
Muhammad Furqan1*, Zulfiqar Ali1, Muhammad Mudassar Shahzad2, Rida Ahmad1, Faraz Akrim3, Imad-ul-Din Zangi4
...habitat based on parameters including water, food, vegetation, disturbance, hunting and predation pressure. Kalij pheasant was distributed between 381-1689m (asl) elevation. Species presence data along with GIS database were used to model the habitat suitability of kalij pheasant through MaxEnt software, version 3.4.4. The model showed an average Area Under the Curve value (AUC) (0.802), showing the model precision for suita...
Farhana Umer1, Muhammad Sheryar2 and Sangam Khalil3*
...f electric energy transfers from power plants generation to substations then to consumers and its own environment is tremendous. Among various hazards, the overhead wires associated with power lines are the most fatal hazard to birds. The power lines and poles have caused fatal risks for birds and have affected their habitats significantly. Dangerous types of power poles in the middle voltage lines which have small distances...
Qingsen Ran1,2, Manjing Li3, Jiayin Han3, Lifang Wang3, Han Wang3,4, Shaobo Liu5* and Yanping Wang1*
...fication of core biomarkers for cancer prevention and treatment is crucial. Tumor glycolysis is an important metabolic phenotype and many natural compounds from medicinal plants exhibit anti-glycation effects. Therefore, it is of potential significant to find biomarkers based on glycolysis-related genes in predicting the prognosis of colon cancer (CC), a common invasive gastrointestinal tumor. In this study, clinical and gen...
Muhammad Javed Iqbal1, Farah Rauf Shakoori1*, Bushra Muneer2 and Abdul Rauf Shakoori3
...ending upon various factors like ethnicity among others. For a better success rate in breast cancer treatment with minimum side effects, the world is now focusing on a precision medicine approach for breast cancer treatment. In precision medicine, patient-specific gene mutation (genetic biomarkers) provides the guideline to use a specific drug in a specific dose for a specific patient. The...
Shehar Bano Bhatti1, Muhammad Irfan Malik2, Rabia Faryad Khan1, Mahmood Ul Hassan2, Muhammad Shahbaz Aslam3 and Zaigham Abbas1*
...ited to simple gene markers. This study aimed to determine the association of HLA DRB1 alleles with atopic asthma in the Pakistani population. Blood samples of 568 subjects were collected from Punjab, Pakistan. HLA typing was performed by using sequence-specific primers (SSP). Total immunoglobulin E (IgE) was estimated by ELISA. Graph pad Prism 8 was used for statistical analysis. HLA DRB1* 0701-02 and HLA DRB1* 1301-04 show...
Hualong Jiang1, Tao Li2,3*, Jing Xiang3, Hanqing Yang3 and Maolin He3
... low levels of alpha diversity and high levels of beta diversity were observed in samples influenced by bridge construction (group EG). The decreased abundance of Chloroplastida and increased abundance of Animalia in group EG suggested that engineering activities induced environmental disturbance, which impaired the ecosystem balance. LEfSe and SIMPER approaches revealed a significant abundance of ectomycorrhizal fungi in gr...
Riffat Sultana1*, Mohan Lal1, Samiullah Soomro1, Santosh Kumar2 and Ahmed Ali Samejo1
...of band-winged grasshoppers were collected. These samples were sorted out into 07 genera and 11 species. Morphological and morphometry account of each species with illustration ecology and global distribution was given. Taxonomic keys have been generated at generic and species level....
Mubashar Hussain*, Habiba Razaq, Muhammad Faheem Malik, Kiran Aftab, Jaweria Riaz and Somia Liaqat
...nd environmental indicators that inhabit a wide range of habitats. The diversity of carabid beetles in Pakistan has not yet been studied extensively, despite their diversified ecological roles. In the present study, the ground beetle communities from three subdivisions of district Mandi Bahauddin (Phalia, Malakwal and Mandi Bahauddin) were sampled by handpicking and placing pitfall traps f...
Iko-Ojo Charity Ikwe Agada, James Agbo Ameh, Olatunde H. Olabode and Martha Echioda-Ogbole*
... route. This ten (10) years retrospective study was carried out to describe the pattern, prevalence and seasonality of canine parvoviral infection in Abuja based on records of laboratory confirmed CPE cases from 2011- 2021 presented to Veterinary world clinic, Abuja. A total of 197 cases of gastroenteritis were recorded in the years under review, out of which 132 (67%) cases were confirmed positive for CPE using the SNAP par...
Moustafa A. Zaghloul1*, Mohamed F. Azooz1, Saleh E. Ali1*, Heba M. Soliman1, Maha M. Sayed1, Mohamed H. Kafafy2 and Alaa R. Morsy1
... which will lead to universal blueprints for multiepitope lumpy skin disease vaccine designs. A total of 40 skin nodule samples were collected from clinically affected cattle to detect LSDV using PCR targeting GPCR, RPO30, P32 and EEV glycoprotein genes. The amplified products of samples detected in the skin nodules of cattle were sequenced, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed using crustal omega software. Out of 40 analyzed samples, 25 samples were posi...
Amany M. Reyad1*, Aya Maher Rabie1, Reda Mohamed Taha1 and Khalid El-Dougdoug2
...ime until reaching 72 hours for all bacterial species. The results obtained showed a significant reduction in the bacterial count of E. coli, Staph. aureus, and K. pneumoniae, indicating that the cocktail phage therapy has a poten...
Morcos Ibrahim Yanni1* and Eid Elsaid Abdelaziz2
...tegy costs. Due to Egypt’s privileged location and friction with neighboring countries and far countries from Europe and Asia throughout the ages, the current research goal is to evaluate the extent of their influence on nucleotide and amino acids variation of rabies virus isolates from the brain tissues of three dogs from 2017 to 2019 at the genetic level of the N and P genes from three governorates of Delta region in Egypt with earlier isolates, locall...
Akram A. Salama1, Moustafa A. Zaghloul2*, Ahmed A. Zaghawa1, Mohamed A. Nayel1, Ahmed M. Elsafey1, Mohamed F. Azooz2, Hanem S. Harb1 and Walid S. Mousa1
... (PCR) and specific primers designed from the EEV gene, tissue samples from skin nodules (N = 40) and blood samples (N = 60) were collected from diseased animals. Sequencing and a phylogenetic tree construction were done on the amplified byproducts of samples from blood and nodules on cattle skin. By PCR technique, 55 samples out of 100 (55/100; 55%) were positive for LSDV. A representative sample was sequenced and had a very high identity percentage of > 9...
Hanaa H.A. Gomaa1*, Dalia Y.A. Amin1, Mona A. Ismail1, Basma Hamdy2, Khaled A. El-Dougdoug3
...rmined. Biochemical markers as indicators for systemic acquired resistance; total proteins, salicylic acid, phenol, proline, oxidative enzyme activities (polyphenol oxidase and superoxide dismutase) and virological assessments were assayed. Reduction in the disease severity of treated foliar ChNPs and BM fig plants was recorded. Systemic acquired resistance was detected related to Chlorophyll a and b and carotenoid, Phenol, ...
Amal Hammad*, Shaaban Gadallah, Tarik Misk, Ahmed Mourad
...ematobiochemical parameters and incidence of vomiting. Sedation was significantly higher in XH than other groups at certain time points. Slightly higher sedation was evident in XLL and XLV than XL (greater potentiality in XLL). Sedation was longer in XH followed by XLL then XL and lastly XLV. Vomiting was observed only in XL. Milder alterations in cardiorespiratory parameters and rectal temperature were recorded in XL, XLL a...
Zhimin Wu1,2, Yaping Yang1, Arshad Zahoor1, Aftab Shaukat1 and Ganzhen Deng1,2*
...fered in healthy group versus unhealthy group (p<0.01)....
Abdul Aziz1,2, Hamad Bin Rashid1*, Muhammad Arif Khan1, Asim Khalid Mahmood1, Ayesha Hassan1, Hamid Akbar1, Sadaf Imran1, Naveed Hussain1, Muhammad Umar1, Muhammad Asif1, Sajjad Javaid1 and Mamoona Chaudhry3
...bility by using Neubauer’s chamber. The average cell yield per microliter was 2.992±1.527 x 104 cells/µl. SVF per gram of adipose tissues was 2.992±1.527 x 106 cells/g, percentage of viability was 97.98± 0.31%, while non-viable cell count was 2.02± 0.31%. It is concluded that enzymatic digestion is an easy technique requiring less time for SVF isolation and gives better cell yield per gram. SVF preparation process has ad...
Oghenebrorhie M. Oghenochuko1,4*, Olubukola T. Adenubi3, Olusola L. Ajayi3, Fakilahyel M. Mshelbwala3, Johnny O. Olukunle3, Samson A. Rahman3 and Godfrey N.O. Ezeri2
...ity in the blood parameters but dose should be considered to avoid harmful effect on liver and kidneys....
Usama Mahalel1, Barakat M. Alrashdi1, Ibrahim Abdel-Farid1, Sabry El-Naggar2, Mohamed Hassan3, Hassan Elgebaly1 and Diaa Massoud1,4*
...ct of Mesembryanthemum forsskalii fruits extract against the hepatotoxicity of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) in mice at two different doses (low; 100 mg/kg BW and high; 500 mg/kg BW). The obtained results showed that CCl4 injection significantly reduced the body weights of mice and increased the relative liver weight. Treatment with M. forsskalii extract after CCl4 injection restores the weights of mice to the normal range and...
Aleena Kokab1, Ali Ahmad Sheikh1*, Masood Rabbani1, Wasim Shehzad2, Muhammad Ilyas Riaz1, Sohail Raza1 and Rida Haroon Durrani1
...ed attention. This study’s goal was to isolate and physiologically characterize lytic bacteriophages against Enteritidis, and to ascertain their efficacy in modulating bacterial population on chicken breast cuts in the form of a phage cocktail. Out of 17 isolated bacteriophages, three bacteriophages (SEPL01, SEPL13, SEPL20) exhibited maximum lytic potential and broad lytic spectrum. Transmission electron microscopy analysis classified SEPL01 as a Siphovi...
Mohammed A. Ali1*, Firas A. Alhasson1, Thaer A. Mohsin2
...was made up of three layers: (a) the External layer (fibrous ) (the sclera and cornea); (b) the Middle layer (Vascular) the choroid, ciliary body, and iris and (c) Internal layer (Nervous) the retina. A squamous corneal epithelium, the stroma, and the corneal endothelium were all well-defined layers of the cornea. Anas platyrhnchos’ lens was spherical and encased by a lens capsule, w...
Rasema Majeed, Alaa Kamil Mahmood*
...he results showed that first group (Control negative) administered distilled water showed no abnormal lesion, while second group (Control positive) is diabetic without treatment showed destruction and necrosis of islet cells, congestion and edema between their acini. Third group was administered 81.7 mg/kg BW of ginger ethanolic extract orally for 45 days showed normal section of islet cells shows moderate necrosis and destructions of islet cells. congested bl...
Haigang Wu1,2, Bingjie Ma1, Jinni Liu1, Fei Zhang3, Kaiwei Deng1 and Hualing Gong1,2*
...the Fabaceae family members Radix astragali and Sophora flavescens as well as dandelion, pine needle powder, marigold, rosemary, Shenqu (a leavened mixture) and Gardenia jasminoides. Our study groups included 2000 healthy 350 days old laying hens that were randomly divided into 4 groups and standard feed was supplemented with 0 (control), 0.5, 1 and 1.5 % additive. The average laying rates for the test groups increased by 0.65, 1.68 and 0.54 %, respectively (P...
Franciscus Rudi Prasetyo Hantoro1,2,*, Dwi Sunarti1, Turrini Yudiarti1, Sri Sumarsih1, Rini Nurhayati2
... levels on blood parameters, bacterial populations, immune organs, antioxidant status, and growth performance in Sentul Selection (SenSi) 1 Agrinak chickens. Treatments consisted of three stocking densities (10, 14, and 18 birds/m2) and three levels of crude protein (14, 16, and 18%) factorially (3×3) which were arranged in nine treatments and four replications. Treatment and data collection were carried out at the age of 29-70 days. Data were analyzed u...
Lijiao Wang1, Haibin Chen2*, Hongyan Yu1, Zexian Fu3 and Jianjun Zhao2*
...osely related to the adverse clinicopathological characteristics of RCC and can be used as a potential therapeutic target for this disease. The detection of the EPAS-1 gene has an auxiliary diagnostic value for lymph node metastasis in RCC....
Rabiea Pervaiz, Shaista Bano*, Sarfraz Ali Tunio, Abdul Nabi Jatt and Aisha Amber Soomro
...illus species from a diverse environment and Proteus mirabilis from clinical environment were strongly inhibited....
Khalid Ali Khan1,2,3* and Hamed A. Ghramh1,2,4
...a and ranks as the world’s sixth most populous country. It has diverse landscapes with its own specific vegetation. The country-specific vegetative diversity has a great ecological and economic impact on the conservation of local fauna. It has huge potential for the sustainable beekeeping industry if properly exploited. Beekeeping in Pakistan is mainly focused in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, ...
Ho Thi Dung, Nguyen Van Chao, Nguyen Thi Hoa, Le Dinh Phung, Tran Thi Na, Nguyen Thi Thuy, Tran Nguyen Thao, Pham Hoang Son Hung*
...er treatment). The broilers of the TC treatment remained under a constant 26 ± 1°C (mean ± standard deviation), while those of the HT treatment were maintained under a constant high temperature of 35 ± 1°C. At 24 days of age, all chickens were sacrificed, and their cecum were collected for histomorphological observation by HE staining and checking the gene expression of tight junction genes by RT-qPCR. Results showed that chickens ...
Suneela, Sajida Mushtaq*, Sadia Maalik, Asma Waheed Qureshi and Moazama Batool
...aslon Pro";">Biodiversity is defined as the variety of life. In agricultural system, biodiversity refers to estimation of number of species that are present in that ecosystem. In an interrelated ecosystem, different species of insects perform different functions; act as pollinators, recycle nutrients, water and energy in many ways. In this kind of m...
Muhammad Fiaz Qamar1*, Tahir Hussain1, Iram Liaqat2, Madiha Kiran1, Abdur Rahman Ansari3, Faiza Yasmeen1 and Tahira Batool3
...mba livia), the members of Columbidae family are domesticated all around the globe in the villages, towns and cities. Jhang is a distant and underdeveloped district of Punjab province, Pakistan. The purpose of the present study was the determination of the prevalence of gut parasites in domestic pigeons through routine laboratory methods in district Jhang. Fresh fecal samples (n = 1800) of pigeons were gathered in plastic bags from district Jhang ho...
Kanwal Nisa1, Sadia Roshan1, Shazia Shamas1,2*, Raheela Atta Mustafa3, Shamaila Irum1, Kalsoom Sughra4 and Memoona Iqbal1
...btained with the patient’s consent. Exclusion and inclusion criteria were defined. The samples of control and patients were analyzed through ELISA protocol to check the testosterone and Prostate-specific antigen (PSA). Testosterone significantly affects the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with (P<0.05). In the cases, the mean testosterone, age, PSA was 38.45±36.66, 66.28±6.386 and 9.655±6.656, respectively while in the control gro...
Asma Sadia Authoy2, Aneek Chanda2, Aparna Datta3, Md Shohel Al Faruk4, Towhida Kamal1*
...sed on various risk factors such as age, sex, breed, vaccination history, deworming, etc. A total of 174 case sheets of dogs and cats with skin lesions were analyzed. The findings indicate a higher prevalence of ectoparasite infestation among dogs and cats in semi-urban areas, recording rates of 56.92% and 76.92%, respectively, in contrast to semi-urban areas. Female cats (76.92%) and dogs (71.43%) displayed increased susceptibility compared to their male coun...
Wang Teng1,2,3,4, Li Chunhou1,2,3,4, Liu Yong1,2,3,4* and Zhu Ren5*
...ulf is one of the biodiversity hotspots in the global marine ecosystem, and an important fishing ground of East Asia. In the past several decade years, multiple pressures including overfishing, habitats destruction, pollution and eutrophication, and non-native species have seriously threaten the biodiversity of fish in the Beibu Gulf. However, the information about fish fauna in this regio...
Budi Utomo1*, Amaq Fadholly2,3, Endang Tri Margawati2, Alek Ibrahim2, Ristaqul Husna Belgania1, Muhammad Fajar Amrullah1, Rimayanti1 and Hermin Ratnani1
... kinship and genetic diversity between Limousin and Madrasin cattle based on the sex determining region-Y (SRY) gene. SRY gene is used in the analysis of genetic diversity for sex determination based on the paternal pathway (Y chromosome). The DNA samples used for this study were 10 frozen straw of Limousin cattle and 10 samples of Madrasin cattle. The method used in this research was a descriptive analysis by duplex polymer...
Rahmat Elahi1, Gulnaz Parveen1*, Nazara1, Faryal Ali2, Nain Tara3 and Saba Iqbal1
...laboratory at Women University of Swabi in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan, to explore the management of seed-borne fungi in maize using castor oil treatment. The study involved collecting and analyzing seeds of various maize varieties such as yellow, blue, white, waxy, and hybrid, sourced from Buner district in KP. Through blotter test and agar plate methods, a total of eight different species of fungi were isolated from five different maize varieties. In the bl...
Adnan I Khamis1, Jasim Mohammed Saleh2*, Najwa Ali3 and Anwer T Gaffoori2
...ded two main axes. The first axis included (8) fields of developing and developing the capabilities of rural women by (50) paragraphs. The second axis included the determinants that hinder Work in agricultural projects, as it included four areas with (22) paragraphs. After the process of data collection and unpacking, the statistical program (SPSS) was used to analyze and present the results. The study showed that small agricultural projects had contributed to...
Abdul Aleem Memon1*, Inayatullah Rajpar2, Ghulam Murtaza Jamro2, Javaid Ahmed Shah3
...decreased growth parameters viz. shoot height, root length, fresh shoot weight, dry shoot weight, fresh root weight, and dry root weight in sunflower seedlings. Similarly, shoot K content was also decreased by 30.44% at increased lime content level (30%) over control, and chlorophyll concentration in leaves declined with increasing% of lime in comparison with the control. Moreover, when compared to the control, SoP application resulted in greater growth parame...
Amer Hakeem Chyad1, Omar S.I. Al-Janabi2*, Orooba Mohammed Saeed Ibrahim1, Najeeb Mohaamed Hussein3
...infertility and have adverse effects on various organs, including male reproductive system. In the present investigation, we investigated the effect of oral administration of Chelidonium majus L. root extract on the testes of rats. Fifty adult male rate were divided into five equal groups, and each group received thirty days of treatment. first group (G1). Gave only distilled water (negative control group). second group (G2)...
M. Azalou1,3*, C. C. Kpomasse1, A. S. Assani3,4, I. T. Alkoiret3,4, Wéré Pitala1,2
...rofile of the goose farmers, the modes of operation of the farms, and their constraints. Data were collected through a retrospective survey from 102 farms in four agro-ecological zones (AEZ) of northern Benin: the far northern zone of Benin (FNZB), the cotton zone of northern Benin (CZNB), the food-producing zone of southern Borgou (FZSB), and the West Atacora zone (WAZ). Multiple correspondence analysis (MCA) and ascending hierarchical clustering (AHC) identi...
Rana Mahmood Ahmad*, Orooba Mohammed Maeed Ibrahim
...e in abundance, researchers have turned their attention to using these plants as anti-inflammatory. This study was designed to highlight and compare the effects of Syzygium aromaticum extracts oil and Piroxicam on inflammation circumstances. Extraction of clove bud with petroleum ether revealed a bright yellow extract with a typical clove oil smell and bud. The gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer (GC-MS) method revealed the presence of sixteen distinct e...
Montesqrit Montesqrit1*, Harnentis Harnentis1, Sepri Reski1, Fadhli Fajri2
... egg mass, and feed conversion). The results showed that the inclusion of ROSE in the diet significantly (p<0.05) reduced the Escherichia coli population in the intestine as compared to the control group (group A). However, ROSE inclusion in the diet of laying quails had no (p>0.05) effect on the performance parameters. Therefore, 1 to 2% ROSE in the diet of laying quails can be used to replace with synthetic AGP. ...
Turrini Yudiarti*, Sugiharto Sugiharto, Endang Widiastuti, Hanny Indrat Wahyuni, Tri Agus Sartono, Maulana Hamonangan Nasution
...Antibiotic growth promoters (AGPs) have been administrated to chicken feed for many years to prevent disease and increase growth rate. Since the use of antibiotics is now forbidden, replacements should be developed that can also be used in their place. One option is to use non-antibiotic feed additives generated from fungal ferments, which have been shown to improve gastrointestinal health and production. Fungal can be used ...
Ghusoon Hasan Jadaan1*, Khalisa K. Khudair2
...val shape and a particle’ average size of 64.45±1.18 nm whereas CPNPs had a particle’ average size of 72.80.85 nm. The CCH and cis CH, benzoate trans -CH, the C-O, CH2 and CH3,(C=C),(C=O), CH2 and CH3 which operate as reducing and stabilizing agents were revealed by FTIR analysis of CPNPs. The SiO2NPs’ FTIR spectrum shows two vibrations that can be attributed to S...
Maria Endo Mahata1*, Yose Rizal1, Zurmiati1, Sepri Reski1, Indah Fitri Sakinah Limbong2, Dian Saputri2
...ed ingredients, researchers are exploring marine resources as a novel cheap substitutions for poultry industry. This study aims to determine the effect of partial replacement of traditional feed ingredients like corn and rice bran with brown seaweed Sargassum crassifolium on broiler performance. The study employed a fully randomized design, incorporating four replacement treatments (0%, 6%, 12%, and 18%) of brown seaweed Sargassum crassifolium within the broil...
Omaima Khamiss
...degree of structural diversity. However, some sequenced baculovirus genomes from closely related viruses are structurally very similar and share overall nucleotide sequence identities in excess of 95%. This work focuses on the comparative essential basis studies to better know complex interactions between baculoviruses infecting the pest in question (Spodoptera littoralis) in relation to stability or mechanism of infection in the same host multiple nucl...
El-Dougdoug. K.A.1, Mervat, M. Fath Alah2, Reham A. Hassen3,Rehab A . Dawoud2
...us Y. These biotic inducers were Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp., Xanthomonas sp. as well as Trichoderma, Aspergillus and Fusarium as contaminants microbial of potato micropropagative in vitro. The occurrence of induced resistance and increased potato plantlets were found by MS medium treated with culture filtrates based on reduction of PVY infection, disease severity, biochemical changes accompanied to induced resistance (the high level of endogenous salicylic ...
Mohga A. El-Tahlawey1, Samah. A. Mokbel1, A.M. Mandour1,and H. A. Mohamed2
...t="1" src="file:///C:/Users/ASIF-R~1/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image002.jpg" v:shapes="Picture_x0020_2998" alt="" />Peanut mottle virus was detected in the testas. cotyledons and embryo dissected from seeds of each Lentil cultivates. Electron microscopy of PMoV showed virus particles aggregates and degenerated mitochondria in cytoplasm of lentil leaf cells infected with PMoV. Effect of environm...
Khalid Alhudaib
...>V and PPV specific primers. RT-PCR resulted in the amplification of a 346 bp fragment as expected and negative result with PPV and PDV. The obtained result indicating the presence of PNRSV, in Apricot and Peach in Saudi Arabia, is recorded. The amplified fragment was sequenced and deposited in GenBank (Accession No. HM584814). The sequence was compared with PN
Shawki, Khaled K.; Carter, M.J.; Alnashar, Nariman M., El-Farrashl, Mohamed A. and Taher, Sahar
...orm an antigenically diverse group of agents and cross-reactive immunity is poor. These features present a considerable challenge for vaccine development. Current approaches have been based on the use of empty virus-like particles produced by self-assembly of the virus capsid protein. In this study we employed a new approach for engineering stable particles of Hawaii virus capsid protein by deleting those immunodominant regions (P2subdomains) that evoke type-s...
Elamien***, Mohammed; Kotob**, Nahla S.; Elsayed*, Eltayeb A.; Ragab, Yasser M. and Mourad, Fathia E.
...aigns in the last two years, four of five children poliomyelitis cases reported in March 2009 in northern Sudan States, came from the Red Sea State. The aim of this study is to investigate the quality Of OPV used for children immunization clinics in Red Sea State, to ensure whether the vaccine is still keeping its potency after being exposed to storage and transportation conditions. Several fixed, outreach and mobile immunization clinics were selected from all...
Hemeida, A. A., Osman, M., El-Shahat, Mohamed, Hashem, Medhat H., Mahmoud, Amal and Dahi, Hosni
...pt aged from 20 to 55 years. Then, confirmed by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) for HCV. The confirmed patients were received 12 vials of BEG FN- 2a for 12 weeks (1801U/ml weekly) plus ribavirin (1000 mg for 75 Kg or 1200 mg for > 75Kg- Roche) and follow up by RT-PCR. The results showed that 67 patients (72.8%) responded to the treatment (group A), while 25 patients (27.2%) non responde
Elkalamawyl, I.M.; Elhddadl, S.; Swelim2, M.A.; Hamdy2, S.M. and Fahmy3, Hanan A.•
...s who were found to be persistently positive for both I-BsAg and anti-hepatitis B surface antibody (anti-HBs) and a long-lasting anti-HBc (core) IgM. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing were performed to surface antigen region and revealed two genotype D mutants 1--1BV. Aligned with known I-BsAg sequences from GenBank, the mutant variants matched to consensus with eight distinct genotypes (A to H) of hepatitis B virus. Multiple sequence alignment pr...
Yousifl ,3 , Ausama A. and Al-Naeem , Abdelmohsen A.
...gies. OPV continues to persist in nature and re-emerge. We were able to isolate a CMLV from an outbreak in the Eastern Provence of KSA in 2009. The infection produced mild clinical signs in adults and camel calves. We were able to confirm that the isolate was indeed CMLV using PCR and partial sequencing of the A-type inclusion protein (ATIP) gene. The orthopoxvirus (OPV) ortholog genes LIR, A27L, A33R and B5R of the Saudi enzootic CMLV were also investigated u...
El-Kenawy, A. A. and El-Tholoth, M. S.
...CEs using PCR at first day post-inoculation (PI) and by IF and IP at second day post-inoculation before appearance of characteristic pock lesions on CAM....
Hagag, N.M.*•, Arafa, A.*; Shalaby, M. A. ** El-Sanousi, A. A. **and Aly, M. M.
...in Egypt. Since it was first recognized in 2006, the disease has become enzootic in poultry throughout Egypt and still circulates in the poultry population, so the ability to rapidly recognize AlVs in biological specimens is critical for limiting further spread of the disease in poultry. Application of molecular methods such as Reverse Transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Real time RT-PCR (RRT-PCR) as a rapid...
Raof*, Amal M. A.; Haleem*, Iman Y.; Aly*, Nawal M.; * *Garhy, M.M. and Hosny***, Gehan A.
...e and inappetance in others. Saliva and vesicular lesions were taken on glycerol buffer saline for serotyping of FMD virus by using antigen detection ELISA. The saliva and vesicular lesions of the diseased animals were serotyped as FMD serotype O....
Omarl , Dalia M.; El-Ibiaryl , Elham A.; Sadik2, Atef S.; Abdel-Ghaffar2, Mamdouh. H. and Othman2, Badawy A.
...ng poultry since their first detection in 2006. Tracheal and cloacal swabs were taken from the freshly dead birds. Till now (2010) the tested swab samples were inoculated into the allantoic cavity of 911-day-old SPF embryonated chicken eggs (ECE) for virus isolation. The allantoic fluids (AF) of the inoculated ECE were examined for detection of avian influenza (Al) isolates using rapid haemagglutination test (HA). It was found that, all the inoculated isolates...
Madboulyl , H. M.; Tamami , S.M.; Abd Elmoneml , A.S.; Husseinl , A.S. and Arafa2, A.M.
...ntages of positive reactors of chicken sera and egg yolk samples were 57.4% and 74.4%, while it were 77.5% and 83.2% respectively in turkey sera and egg yolk. The APV disease was recorded in young chicks and turkey poults showed typical symptoms and APV was isolated regardless the presence of high level of maternal derived antibody in their sera. This denotes the protection against APV independent on the presence of high levels of maternal antibodies....
Mansour, Abeer E.M.; Khodeir, M.H. and Hussein, A.M.H.•
...n were prepared on 24 hours previously seeded baby hamster kidney (BHK21) cell culture. Each batch was composed of 15 roller cell culture vessels where the first batch represents the blank virus while the second batch was treated with 1ml of 1 mM calcium chloride (CaC12)/bottle in the inoculum's medium and the third batch received 1gm of mono basic sodium glutamate (MSG) /liter. Titration of individual bottles and pooled har...
Abd El-Razakl, A.G. and AboElkhair2, M.
...onitored via serology, bursal indices and effect of the two vaccines on immune response to Newcastle disease and avian influenza vaccines. It was also verified by an experimental very virulent IBD challenge performed at the age of 2e day in birds transferred from the farms with appropriate control groups in a laboratory. The immune response on farm A showing higher serological titer at the age of 35 day via ELISA test. Both two vaccines provide complete protec...
El-Absawy, E.A.; Mahmoud, Amal; Hemeida, A.A. and Helmy, M.
...was amplified using primers represented portion of the coat protein (CP) gene and 3' untranslated regions (UTR). Phylogenetic tree showed two main strain groups: Group I regroups PVYN and PVY stains, while Group 11 includes pvy0, pvyw and PVYN:O strains. The Egyptian PVY isolate was clearly classified within group I, and was more closely related to PVY strains. Ten nucleotide substitutions resulted in 3 conserved amino acid substitutions (VI*I, G7*E, M or V an...
El-Bramawyl , M . A. S. A. and El-Beshehy2, E. K. F.'
...l come from a better understanding of inheritance the resistance to BYMV disease in the crop considering. In this article we consider the determination role of the inheritance mode of the resistance to BYMV in FL, F2 and F3 faba bean populations. The Fl, F2 and F3 progeny of resistant and susceptible faba bean plants were investigated under artificial infection by BYMV in the green house during two successive seasons (2008/09 and 2009/010). Faba bean populatio...
Elbeshehy, E. K.F. and Sallaml, A.A.A.
... in four cucumber cultivars infected with CMV but not in healthy one. RT-PCR, with the primer CMV 1 and CMV2 for CMV-CP. gene, yielded 422 base pair DNA fragments. The following sequences were used in the comparison: Brazil (AF418577), China (FJ403473), New Zealand (AY861395) and India (AJ810260). The partial nucleotide sequence alignment, showed (95%) homology between CMV New Zealand isolate and CMV-Egyptian isolate. The sequence alignment also indicated that...
El-Dougdoug2, Kh.A; Ghalyl, M.F. and Tahal , M.A.
...he 2nd experiment, The first pair of Cucumis sativus leaves were teated CF with CMV mechanically inoculated onto one leaf, the other non-treated leaf was CMV inoculated after 7 days of treatment. In 1 st experiment, CF treatment was able to considerably reduced the number of local lesion and in 2nd experiment, plants treated with CF showed variable visible viral symptom9compared with the broth media treated control 15 days post inoculation and remained symptom...
Wisit Ketpanyapong1, Kulisara Marupanthorn2*
...aned pigs are poorly understood. This study examined the effects of MOLE supplementation (250 mg/kg or 500 mg/kg diet) on 144 Duroc × Landrace × Large White weaned pigs over a 5-week period. The results of this study showed that dietary supplementation with MOLE for 5 weeks improved average daily weight gain, feed efficiency and reduced the incidence of diarrhea in weaned pigs. Blood hematological parameters, int...
Mahdyl , A.M.M.; Hafezl , M.A.; EL-Dougdoug2, Kh. A.; Fawzyl , R.N. and Shahwanl , Eman S.M.•
...fect of two biotic inducers on tomato plant against Cucumber mosaic cucumovirus (CMV), salicylic acid (SA) activities were determined in the inoculated and non-inoculated tomato plants. Identify of CMV was confirmed by some differential hosts and dot blot immunoassay (DBIA) using polyclonal antibody specific CMV. Water extracts of Mirabilis jalapa, Clerodendrum inerme and Kombucha as antiviral to control the virus infection and detection systemic acquired resi...
Aboud*, K. A; Gomaa**, Hanaa H. A.; El—Taholowy***, Mohage, A. and El - Sugher**, S.
... PCR. Only two RAPD primers (among 10 tested) were chosen as producing polymorphic DNA bands differentiating the investigated micropropagated plants. Based on DNA markers, the genetic stability between micropropagated plants were estimated. The morphological variations were recorded in shoots of micropropagated clones more than healthy clone. The developed RAPD profiles of different micropropagated clones were untypical to t...
Soliman*, Ahmed M.; Mahmoud**, Sabry Y. M. and Dawood*, Rehab A.
...esence of OYDV. PCR primers were used to ampli$' about 1.1 Kb fragment from the viral genome using RT-PCR from infected garlic plants, such fragnent were not obtained from healthylooking plants and/or virus-free seedlings of shoot-tips. The amplified products of OYDV was cloned into pGEM@-T Easy vector, and transformed into Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain DH5a. The recombinant plasmids were obtained and sequenced. The nucleotide sequences were compared with ...
Eisa*, Nawal A.; Abd El-Ghafar **, N. Y. Abd EL-Mageed*, M.H.; Mohamed* , F.G. and Hasan*, Eman O.
...and D, their head diameters were found to be 57.83, 43.84, 63.43, and 79.25 nm, respectively. Phages A and B were isolated from tomato leaves, whereas, phages C and D were isolated from tomato rhizosphere soils. This study seems to be the first record for phages of Xanthomonas vesicatoria under the Egyptian conditions....
Sofyl *, A.R.; Soliman , A.M.; Mousal, A.A. and El-Dougdoug , Kh.A.
...Finally, the genetic diversity and evaluation of entropy power for the Egyptian cifrus gummy bark agent and HSVd-citrus populations registered in GenBank, were viewed against the phylogenetic backgound of CVd-II variants including the noncachexia (CVd-IIa) and the causal agents of severe (CVd-IIb, CVd-IIc), more moderate (Ca903) and mild (Ca909).
...
...on between climatic factors and gummy bark disease through GIS is studied. We designed a satellite map for the gummy bark disease distribution all over the world using the previous registered results. Superimposed maps of BIOCLnvf annual Mintemperature, Max-Temperature and the points distribution, indicated that gummy bark disease naturally occurs in the low temperature zones range from 8—180C at winter and from 27-380...
El-Dougdoug, Kh.A.; Rezk , A.A.; Dawoud, Rehab A. and Sofy, A.R.
...e of CSVd-EG, it was reverse transcribed in total RNA from infected leaves and then amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using Pospiviroid-CCR specific primers. Purified gel RT-PCR product (⁓199) was cloned into the PCR Il TOPOvector then it was sequenced. Partial sequence 199 bp of CSVdEG is almost identical to that of the prototype 199 bp Canada and USA isolates of CSVd with 96% homology. The sequence of CSVd-EG ...
Nasr-Eldin1 , M. A.; El-Dougdoug2, K. A.; Othman2, B. Ahmedi , Sabah A, and Abdcl-Azizl , S. Il.
...c and mottling and Lycopersicon esculantum L. cv. Castle rock reacted with PSTVd producing leaf curl and epinasty.
...
Khamiss l , Omaima; El Helaly , Alexandra and Abol Ela 3, Said
...mber 30 minutes to 24 hours post application. The concentrations of 104, 10-5 and 10-7 PEG which '.vere selected by the screening test were the most effective concentrations on increasing cell numbers respectively but the concentration of 104 was the most effective comparing with the untreated control. All concentrations from 10-3 to I o-9 supported cell growth rate more than control non-treated cells. PEG concentrations fro...
El Sayed l , Yasmein A.; Ghareeb2 , A.; El-Dougdoug3, K. A. and Bekheetl , H. K.
...thelial cells were the first targets of the virus infection. Columnar cells, goblet cells and regenerated cells loose their identity and become disorganized also breaking down of peritrophie membrane and basement membrane and scatter of viral polyhedra and small empty vacuoles were observed....
Rabia Anjum
...ign: justify;">Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a degenerative disease of neurons in which brain cells started to loss their functions. Its main cause is dementia which results in decreased activity of brain such as thinking and increased dependence on others to fulfill the daily tasks. The pathological identification of AD is beta amyloid accumulation or development of neurofibrillary tangles of tau proteins. Currently dif...
Muhammad Ramzan1*, Unsar Naeem-Ullah2, Shafia Saba2, Madiha Mobeen Khan3, Naeem Arshad Maan3, Asad-ur-Rehman4, Mahreen Khalid5, Syed Waqar Hussain Shah6 and Wardah Muzaffar7
...y conditions at MNS-University of Agriculture, Multan on Ficus benjamina. All stages from eggs to adult were recorded and observed. The complete metamorphosis like egg, larva, pupa and adult was found in T. varians. The female laid eggs in 2 to 6 layers. The diameter of egg was 0.60 to 0.70mm. There are five larval instars of T. varians. The head length of 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th insta...
Iftikhar Alam1*, Sumbal Ali1, Anwar Ali Shad2, Aneela Tahmeed1, Hafsa Nawaz1, Shumail Bakht1 and Muhammad Farooq3*
... to the story. While understanding literary elements are essential for a health story and while there are numerous tools available to evaluate the scientific evidence presented in health story, no tool is available that can assess the literary parameters of a health story. Therefore, the present study aimed to develop and validate an innovative tool that may be used for the assessment of a health story for its literary attri...
Abo Elmagd l , Enas K.; Abdel-Wahab l , Kouka S.; Alrasheedy l , Zeinab E. and Khalifa2, Ahmed S.
...tudy aims to assess markers of hepatitis C Virus (HCV) including HCV antigen detection in peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMNC) lysates, antibodies to HCV core, NS3, NS4 and NS5 epitopes by enzyme linked immunoassay (ELISA) in mothers and their infants using serum samples for both mothers and infants plus saliva for infants, in addition to detection of serum HCV- RNA (viremia) by reve<...
Abo-Elmagdl , Enas K;El-Mougy2, Hala M. T. and Abd El-Salam 3, Manal
...>V-RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Furthermore, to study the frequency of RSV infection in Egyptian infants and young children during the winter season 2009/2010 and the effect of certain risk factors including age and gender on the extent and impact of RS
Abdel Hamidl , Saiwa El-s.; Abdel-Wahab l , Kouka S.E. ; salehl , Laila H.;
Davis3, E. Graham ; Hastie4, Ian and Booth2 ,James C.
...G antibodies last for years. Testing for HCMV IgG antibodies as an age-related pattern of infection was studied in Cairo and South London showed that HCMV infection was acquired earlier in life in Cairo than in London. At large 95.6% of 720 sera from the general population in Cairo were seropositive by the age of 5 years compared with 33.3% of 313 sera from British subjects in London. HCMV IgM antibodies were detected only i...
Sharawil , S.S.A. and Abd El-Rahim2, I.H.A.•
...es were confirmed by reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR) using primer set for fusion protein (F) epitope, then cDNA were send to Institute of Animal Health Pirbright, England to analyze for their nucleotide sequences of this F protein gene and phylogenic analysis properties, by matching with other reference world recorded isolates. The gene sequenced a 322 nucleotide cDNA fragment of the fusion protein gene was obtained. The isolates showed unique phyloge...
Ebied, Eman M.; Salem, Zeinab T. and Al-Imam, Hemmat S.
...odies within 48 hours post colostral suckling, the HI antibodies rise to a level similar to their dams within one to two weeks then persisted with considerable level up to 6 months of their age....
Khatab, Eman A.H.; Zein, Salwa N. and Ahmed, Amal A.
... virus detection in anthers and pistils were higher than that in sepals....
Ahmed, AmalA.; Zein, Salwa N. and Khatab, Eman A. H.
...s transmitted in a non-persistent manner using Myzus persicae Sulz. Infected plants were reacted positively only with the specific antiserum for the CeMV using double antibodies sandwich—enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA). It was successfully purified from infected N. tabacum L. var. White Burley leaves and virus particles had filamentous flexuous shape. Only one band of purified virus preparation was observ...
Zein Salwa N; Abd El-khalik, Samaa; Khatab , Eman A.A.H and Azzam4,Clara R.
... justify;">This is the first record of Tobacco mosaic Tobamovirus (TMV-S) on sunflower in Egypt. It was originally isolated from naturally infected sunflower plants growing in Giza Res. Station, showing systemic mosaic and spots. Purified TMV-S migrated as a single zone in density gradient column. Ultraviolet absorbance ofTMV-S was typical of nucleoprotein with minimum and maximum at 247 and 260 nm respectively. The ratios of A260/280 and Amax/min were 1.2 and...
Alhudaib, Khalid
...stribution of the cultivars, from different areas of Hofuf Saudi Arabia. Each sample was consisted of 10-15 leaves. Samples were labelled and stored in plastic bags at 40C; then transferred to the laboratory, for total nucleic acids (TNAs) extraction. One hundred mg of leaf veins and or cortical scrapings were used for extraction. Samples were macerated in 1 ml of grinding buffer. TNAs were recovered with a silica-capture procedure and stored at —200C ti...
Ahmed, Amal A. and Fath-Allah, Mervat M.
...mation and abortive flowers grown at Kalubia and el-Fayoum Governorates, Egypt. The identities of the two viruses were confirmed serologically using DASELISA. Graft inoculation of diseased apricot scion onto healthy one showed the same symptoms as those seen in naturally infected trees in the stock shoots. Similar symptoms were caused by slashing inoculation with surgical knife onto the stem of young healthy apricot seedling with mixed inoculum of both viruses...
El-Sayed • l , Eman H; Mahfouze , Sherin A.; Shaltout ,A. D.; El-Dougdoug3 ,Kh. A. and Sayed1 , R. A.
...ogical and ISSR-PCR markers. The DNA based marker is reliable and reproducible for mutant selection for BBTV and BMV resistance banana plants used in the study. Explants from shoot apical meristem were cultured on MS-medium supplemented with different concentrations of 2, 4-D (2, 4 and 6 mg/l) 6-Benzylaminopurine (6, 7 and 8 mg/l), and Sodium Aide ranging from (1, 2 and 3 mg/l) for induction of mutation. In vitro screened plants after rooting were hardened and...
Karl Maramorosch
...ype diseases by forty years. In 1967 Japanese plant pathologists and entomologists announced the discovery of mycoplasma-resembling pathogens in diseased plants and insect vectors and the temporary recovery of diseased plants treated with tetracycline antibiotics. The recognition of mycoplasma-like structures was made accidentally by a veterinarian, Kaoru Koshimizu, but no credit was given to his crucial role. The simultaneo...
El-Tabakh, SAA l ; Abdel Wahab, KSE; Badr, AF and Helal, IG
...ith HCV. Three markers of HCV virus replication were used. Morphological changes HCV-RNA by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT PCR) and viral proteins by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE). HCV infected and control HepG2 cells supernatant fluids (SF) were sampled before complete change with fresh MM at weekly intervals for periods extended to one month after infection. Three SF samples taken...
Mazharul A. M. 1, Md. S. Sarwar ,M. Nurullah 2, Keshab K. Adhikary I and M. Rahmatullah 1
...ign: justify;">Viral fevers, measles, chicken pox, and rabies are fairly common occurrences throughout Bangladesh. Since the population of the country is predominantly rural without proper access to modern medical facilities, they rely on traditional medical practitiofiers (Vaidyas) and plant-based formulas to treat such viral diseases. Ethnobotanical surveys were carried out amongst three ethnic groups (Garo, Khasia an...
Arafa, A ; El-Kanawaty, Z; Hassan, M.K; Anwar, H.K and Mona M.Aly
... commercial poultry sectors as well as rural and backyard level in Egypt. This outbreak also was extended to include the zoo birds In Giza zoo. This study records the isolation and characterization of H5Nl virus from different species of the zoo birds and also studies the immune states of the vaccinated birds after application of H5Nl vaccine for the first time one month after the introduction of early outbreaks of 2006. Vir...
Hussein, HA; sultan, HA. Al Deeb AH and AA. El-Sanousi
...uding some broiler breeders and commercial layers from the period Of December 2006 to February 2008 and tested for the immune response to the multiple vaccination with different H5Nl and H5N2 avian influenza vaccines (Reassortant H5N1 and 6 types of H5N2 vaccines) by hemaggtutination inhibition (HI) test using heterologous H5 antigen which represent non of the vaccine antigens. The samples were collected from 578 houses most...
Madbouly, H.M; Orkhan, M.H**; Nagwa El-khoty
...influenza outbreak was firstly appeared in poultry reared in backyards or roofs of homes in Qaluobia & Giza governorates as many notifications were received by the General Organization of Veterinary Services (GOVSs) in February 2006. The disease was spread and recorded in chickens (foreign breeds , Balady , and hybrids ) , turkeys, ducks , geese and wild birds (from Giza Zoo) in 20 out of 26 (76.9 %) of the Egyptian governorates within few weeks. The numbe...
Abd Elwanis, N.D.; Abou El Khair, M.A.; Afaf H. Amin; Azab, A. and A.O. Abd El Rahman
...09092/02, H5N2 for the first time in Egypt. Virus strain from which the vaccine seed virus has been prepared was derived from the USDA, Ames Iowa, USA. The specific characters of this strain were studied; It was found that the best virus dilution of Al virus for egg inoculation was 10-3 to 10-4, the peak virus titer was obtained 72 hours post inoculation, the predilection sites of the viru...
Arafa, A.; Kanawaty, Z.; Abdclwhab. E. M.; Hassan, M.K.; and Aly M.M.
...to Egyptian poultry sectors, this prompted us to survey avian influenza in Egyptian wetlands, especially El-Abassa Lake and neighboring areas. Eleven villages around the lake were included in the surveillance. Serological examination using Avian Influenza type (A) antibody ELISA revealed 4/73 positive samples of chicken sera, while HI test against AI-H7 revealed negative results for all examined species. Molecular examination of swab samples by RRT-PCR reveale...
Ahmed Abd El Samie Hassan Ali
...bit tissue harvests of first inoculation in comparison to reference BVDV type-I-NADL, BVDV type-2-890 and control negative. Clinical scores and samples included nasal & rectal swabs and sera from rabbits were collected on days, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, and 21 post inoculations for isolation and detection of its antigens on MDBK cells using outgrowth ELISA and immunofluorescence as well as measurement of BVDV antibodies by serum neutralization test. Virus ant...
JEHAN A. M. GAFER.' HUSSEIN, H.A. and REDA I.M.
...the winter seasons of years 1999 to 2003. The virus was successfully isolated from three ovine samples after three successive passages on MDBK•cells. The isolated viruses were then titerated and identified using different biological, serological and molecular assay....
Eman, Abo Hatab*; Hussein, HA.; El-Sabagh IM. and Saber, MS.
...es and RT-PCR using primers specific for VP6 and VP7 of group A rotaviruses was employed and confirmed the molecular characterization Of the isolates viruses with the correct and expected bands. The RT-PCR specific band of VP7 gene of two selected isolates was eluted from the agarose gel and sequenced using VP7 specific primers sequence. The obtained sequence was analyzed using computer software (BLAST) which revealed that b...
El-Sabagh, I.M.; Hussein, H.A.; Amer, H.M.; El-Sanousi, A.A.; Reda,I.M. and M.A. Shalaby
...ellulary at 48 and 96 hours post-inoculation using polyclonal antibodies against BRV, respectively. The VP7 expressed protein was not detected in Coomassie blue stained SDSPAGE but produced a detectable band in Western blot assay. The reactivity of the VP7 expressed protein with BRV-specific hyperimmune antiserum confirmed that the antigenic deterrninants of the expressed protein were unaltered. The recombinant VP7 expressed protein can provide an effective to...
Abeer, E.Mansour and Hegazi, A.Z.
...th of the immune parameters were generally increased gradually to reach the highest value of cellular immunity by the 2e day, while that of neutralizing antibodies was reached by the week to the 10th week post vaccination. It was noticed that vaccination of cattle and sheep resulted in higher and longer duration of immune response than those obtained in vaccinated goat and buffaloes. While in vaccinated camels there was no evidence of antibodies against ...
Attyat, M. Kotb; Abeer, E. Mansour; Naglaa, I. Aly; Zeinab, T.Salama and Azab, A. Mohamed
...0) consequently at the first week post vaccination (WPV) till it reached (2.7 log10 and 2.85 log10) for type O and type A respectively by the week. These titers were reduced to (l .2 log10 — 1.35 log10) by the 16th WPV. The FMD neutralizing antibody titer in calves vaccinated simultaneously with bivalent FMD and BEF showed increase in the titer from the 1 st WPV till reached the highest titer in the WPV (2.55 logto and...
*Hanan M.M. Elzahed, Abd EL-Moneim A.A, *Afaf A. Khedr, *Elham A. Elabiare, Waleed S. Abd El-Latif, Reda M.I.
... adult hens during the first 22 weeks of their age using Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) technique. Dams showed sufficient of antibodies to (NDV) through this period indicating that the vaccinated hens were immunopotent. No sign of immunosuppression in progeny chicks was detected by measuring (NDV) HI antibody titers pre and post lasota vaccination and by vaccination challenge experiment, more over no (CAV) shedding ...
Hala M. El-Makaky*•, Sherif, N.A.;Fekria El-Bordiny* and Taha, M.M.*
...s was harvested 48-72 hours post inoculation. The titre of the virus reached 1062 EID50ml. One hundred and fifty chickens were divided into 3 equal groups. The first group was vaccinated with the prepared SHS vaccine, 2nd group two was vaccinated with imported SHS vaccine, while the third group was kept as non-vaccinated control. Evaluation of the prepared vaccine was done by measuring both cell-mediated and humoral immunity...
Sonia, A.M.; El. Sanousi, A.A.; Saber, M.M.; Daoud, A.M.; Samira, E.K.; and Ismail I.
...;">This study has been pursued as a trial for preparation and evaluation of an improved Foot and Mouth disease oil vaccine by using four different adjuvants which are: Montanide ISA 206, Quil A saponine, Ginseng extract and Montanide IMS 3015. These vaccines were compared with Al (OH) 3 gel vaccine and tested in calves. The obtained results revealed that the duration of immunity elicited by gel FMD vaccine was shorter than oil adjuvanted FMD vaccines. Results ...
Eman, M. Abd El-Mottaleb.*; Ahmed, S.A."; Maysa, H.M.*; Salem, S.A.* and M. M. El-Shenawy
... collapse as well as interstitial pneumonia and proliferation of the cells lining the bronchioles. Severe edema and infiltration of mononuclear inflammatory cells with proliferative fibrous connective tissues were seen in the heart. Liver showed severe edema, fibrous connective tissues proliferation, various sized organized thrombus with severe infiltration by mononuclear inflammatory cells. Depletion of the white pulp of the spleen as well as edema in the lym...
Ashraf M. Metwally*, Ausama A. Yousif*k , Iman B. Walaa A. Attia M. Samy * , and Ismail M. Reda *
...: justify;">Infectious bursal disease (IBD) serotype 1 viruses continue to cause major economic losses in the Egyptian poultry industry despite the implementation of intensive vaccination programs. A recent increase in IBD related mortality in vaccinated farms prompted this investigation into the genetic character of the circulating IBD virus (IBDV). Bursa and proventriculus samples were RT-PCR tested using novel prime
Eman, M. M. Soliman*; Taha, M. M.*;El-Sanousi A,;Shalaby M. S. Wasscl , Youscf Adel*
...ambs without showing adverse post vaccinal reactions. Duration of immunity to RVF virus in vaccinated sheep has been determined by using both serum neutralization test (SNT) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) on sera collected weekly up to 7 weeks post vaccination, where the antibody titer elevated from I st WPV till reach the protective level at 5th WPV. Effective doses in mice has been calculated in mice by inoculation of 5 groups of mice (10...
Abdel Razek,B.Omar*and Magda M.Sayed**
...te and incomplete Freund’s adjuvant. Identity tests were applied by agar gel precipitation test (AGPT) and indirect fluorescent antibody technique (IFAT). Serum neutralization test (SNT) and ELISA tests were applied for titration and evaluation of the hyperimmune sera before conjugation with fluorescent. Total protein concentration of the prepared LSDV antisera was 0.8g/dl. Separation of anti-LSDV immunoglobulins 1gG were done using ammonium sulphate fol...
Laila,A. Sedeek; Fatma,S. Mohamed and Manal Abo El-Yazyed
...breed goats, where the first received modified live PPR virus vaccine; the second received inactivated bivalent FMD virus vaccine; and the third group received simultaneous vaccination with PPR and FMD vaccines. A separate group was left non-vaccinated and served as control. All animals remained clinically normal throughout the whole experiment period. A satisfactory humoral immune response to both virus vaccines in vaccinated animals was identified by SNT and...
M.A. Farag*, Abeer, E. Mansour* and s.M.
...decrease in antibody titers and low values of AOD. The immunosuppressive effects of BVDV and AFBI on the immune response of sheep vaccinated with bivalent FMD vaccine were discussed....
Abou zead, A.A., Ali, A.A.H.*and Abd El Hkeem M.M.
...ly from digestive disorders. Mortality rate, as well as the characteristic clinical signs, , post mortem lesions and histopathological changes were recorded. Serosurvey of 80 serum samples revealed 5 (6.25%) positive for the presence of IBDV precipitating antibodies. 3 out 12 pooled bursae (25%) were positive to the presence of IBDV precipitinogen. Trials for virus isolation on the CAM of chicken embryos revealed the is...
Sahar A. Youssef I and A. A. Shalaby
...ingle-step multiplex reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (m-RTPCR) was developed for the simultaneous detection and discrimination among five RNA viruses namely ,4pple cholorotic leaf spot virus (ACLSV), Prune dwarf virus (PDV), Prunus necrotic ringspot virus (PNRSV), Plum pox virus (PPV) and Tomato ringspot virus
(To
Sabry Y. M. Mahmoud; Maher H. Hosseny and Mamdouh H. Abdel-Ghaffar
...degeneration of seed tubers. This study aimed to eliminate potato virus Y (PVY) by tissue culture technique using different therapies, such as thermo-, chemo- and electrotherapies. Potato plants cv. Diamond cultivated at Faculty of Agriculture farm, Sohag University were tested by direct antigen coatingenzyme linked immunosorbent assay (DAC-ELISA) using antisera against PVY, Potato virus X (PVX) and Potato leaf roll virus (P...
Sahar, A. Youssef t ; M.M.A. Al-Dhaher 2 and A.A. Shalaby
...ssay (DAS-ELISA) and reverse ü-anscription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The use of tissue culture was investigated as a mean to eliminate the two viruses. Virus free plants were produced within six months using meristem tip culture. Woody plant medium supplied with benzylamino purine (BAP) (1.5 mg/L) for shoot proliferation, and Indol butyric acid (IBA) (0.05 mg/L) for plants rooting. Before acclimatization, the plantlets were submitted to DAS-ELIS...
*Amal Abou El-Ela A., M. A. Amer and Eman A. H. Khatab,
...;A combined assay of reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction utilizing degenerate primers derived from conserved regions in the genome of potyviruses was designed to amplify a 335 bp cDNA fragment from infected plant using degenerate oligonucleotide primers specific for detection of Potyvirus group. Amplification of total RNA extracted from infected carnation suggesting the pre...
Amina A. II. and M.K. Amin
...ralized transducing vectors of genetic material play role in natural ecology....
* Amal Abou El-Ela, A.
...LISA). Immunocapture-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (IC-RT-PCR) was used to amplify a 450 bp cDNA fragment from infected rose leaves (Rosa indica L.) using the primers Macl and Mac2 specific to Prunus necrotic ring spot virus (PNRSV) which were designed to amplify of the 3' end of the coat protein gene (RNA-3)- Nucleic acid hybridization...
Manal A. El-Shazly1, A. s. 2 Abdel Wahab and Salwa N. Zein3
...ntallis Pergamde as vectors of TSWV and IYSV were discussed. Franklinella tritici L. and Gynaikothrips ficorum Marchal did not play a role as vectors of these plant viruses. Both TSWV and IYSV had a wide host range the differences in host reactions were studied. TSWV differed in its stability properties from IYSV in dilution end point (DEP) and longevity in vitro (LIV) but the two viruses are heat-inactivated at 55 oc. Purif...
S. A. Sidaros*, S. A. EL-Kewey*, Eman A. H. khattab**, M. M. ELsharkawy*
...petals, pistils and anthers) in intact seeds and all seed parts (seed coats, cotyledons and embryos) of immature seeds obtained from infected faba been and cowpea plants. Both of the viruses were not detected in seed coat of ripened seeds and in roots of infected plants. BBSV was detected in stained seeds more than un-stained seeds obtained from infected faba bean plants. ...
Mayada A. Abd Elgalell; B.A Othman2; Th. Radwan, 1 and Amal S.M. Abo-Sinna3
... 5 are known and the others are extrapolated. Both viruses have one molecule of the nucleic acid DNA with molecular weight of 2223 bp and 2559 bp for PPI and PP2 respectively....
Mohga M. El-Tahlawey, A. Mandour and AE Aboulata
...ccivora (270.9). Myzus persicae. (89.0). A fabae (52.5). Acyrthosiphon pisum (24.3), A. gossypii (4.7). A sesbaniea (1.8). and A. nerii (0.7). Population fluctuation of previous aphid species was also recorded on Faba bean during the same period at the same fields. Fluctuations of Infection rate for both virus-infection types (necrotic yellowing and mosaic) are the same. It starts with a low rate and then increasing during season period and then declined at th...
A. A. Kheder1; I. A. M. Ibrahim2; H. M. Mazyadl
...us is recorded for the first time in Egypt. Virus identification was performed using symptom expression. host range. graft transmission. serological tests i.e., DAS-ELISA, TBIA and DBIA, physical properties, electron microscope (EM) and reverse transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). Field survey was carried out in commercial peach orchards during 2001-2003 in four different locations using DAS-ELISA. The average p...
A.A.Farrag; I.A.M. Ibrahim and, H.M. Mazyad
...ng or infected buds. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) procedure was used to amplify fragments using coat protein gene primers (358bp) of the viral coat protein gene. PCR product was used to generate ACLSV-specific probe to detect the virus in infected plants using non-radioactive molecular hybridization methods. The result showed that it is more sensitive than DASELISA and can be used for large scale ...
A-New-Whitefly-Transmitted-Geminivirus
...mptoms were found. The first consists of identical Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) symptoms such as severe leaf chlorosis and distortion on tomato plants. named TYLCV-Giza isolate, and the other one showed yellow mosaic symptoms on tomatoes, named Tomato yellow mosaic virus (TYMV)-Qalyubia isolate. The genetic diversity at the molecular level for the two isolates showed that the coat protein and the replicase genes of ...
M.A. Abo-EInasr l, Kh.A. EL-Dougdougl, M.H. El-Kattan2 and L.A. Salem2
...roteins related to inducers and activity of peroxidase and chitinase enzymes. Salicylic acid (0.5%) and potassium sulfate (3%) gave the highest effect in inducing SAR. where the treatment with them had forbid disease symptoms, and virus concentration was (0), 25 days post inoculation. In addition, the biochemical changes reached to the maximum values. whereas other chemicals gave a medium ability to induce SAR and gave varied values....
E.F. Mohamed1 and I.M. Sabra2
...tment (1, 2, 3, and 4 hours). High percentages of inhibition were recorded for in Vitro treatment. ToMV inhibition of pre-inoculation treatment was higher than that of post-inoculation treatment. IAA was more effective than GA....
E.F. Mohamedl and A.A. Owayss2
... 45 and 70% after two hours. when used at a concentration of l, 3, 5, 10 and 20% respectively. In vivo experiment, using of propolis immediately pre-inoculation was more effective in reducing the occurrence of symptoms in infected plants than post-inoculation. The same result was obtained after 1 and 2 hours. So. pre-inoculation treatment was more effective in reducing the occurrence of mosaic symptoms on Faba bean plants in...
S.A. Sidaros1; R.A. Omar; S.A. El-Kewey l and Samaa Abd El-Khalik2
...from three garlic cultivars (Chinese. Italian and Balady). Meristems were cultured on MS medium amended with 0.5 mg/L BA (Benzyle adenine). The best size for virus elimination and survival plants was 3 mm long whereas 5 mm long produced highest survival plants without virus elimination and I mm long failed to produce survival plants in two of the tested three cultivars. The suitable medium was MS + 0.5 mg/L BA that produced ...
M. Osman1, Kh. El-Dougdoug2, E. T. Abd El-Salam3, R.M. Taha4 and R.M. El-Hamidl
...ormed, and disconnect hairs. decrease of opened stomata, destroyed and forming giant cells. The midrib cells of infected leaves showing clear elongations as well as deformation. Transmission electron microscopy illustrated highly thickened with clear secondary deposition of cell wall. The cytoplasm showed many vacuoles, several rounded hallow center inclusions, and aggregates of virus particles. Chloroplasts showed weak differentiated thylakoid system. rounded...
Hanaa H.A.Gomaa1, A. F. Moustafal, Kh.A.El-Dougdoug2, A.A. Abou-Zeid3 and S. Y.M. Mahmoud4
...pattern of growth promotors and growth inhibitors was altered. Cytokinin was also inhibited as a result of virus infection. Examination of epidermal strips of infected potato plants revealed the presence of cytoplasmic inclusions. Many cytopathic effects showed in potato leaves such as presence cytoplasmic vesicles, abnormal appearance of grana and change of mitochondria....
B. A. Othman; Kh. A. El-Dougdoug; M. H. Abdel Ghaffar and T. F. El-Arabi
...or R. meliloti strains Barseem (parental) and Barseem (mutant), and led to decrease the growth characters and nitrogen content of clover plants. While Barseem IP2 (mutant) was not affected by phages since the growth characters and nitrogen content of clover plants were increased. ...
Seham A. El-Zeedy1, Dalia A. Abd El-Moaty1, H. A. Hussein2 and M. A. Shalaby2
...utbreaks of Infectious bursal disease in commercial chicken flocks worldwide are due to the spread of very virulent IBDV. Two Egyptian isolates Of IBDV isolated from Giza (Giza/2000) and Qalyubia (Kal/2001) governorates were characterized by RT/PCR-RFLP assay of a 643 bp hyper variable region Of VP2 gene using BstNI, MboI, and SspI restriction enzymes. The presence of Sspl site in Giza/2000 identified it as vvIBDV while the absence of this site in Kal/2001 bes...
A. A. El-Kholy1, S. Vilcek2 and A. M. Daoud1
...ere BVDV positive by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Whereas virus isolation followed by immunostaining procedure in cell culture confirmed only 6/9 BVDVs that were cytopathogenic. Direct sequencing of the RT-PCR amplicons revealed an extreme nucleotide sequence homology (≥ 98%) among all tested Egyptian isolates versus the local vaccine strain. sequence alignments showed variable identity (74% -...
H.A. SULTANl, H.A. HUSSEIN2, and F.F. EL-KHAYAT3
...utbreaks of infectious bursal disease (IBD) among vaccinated chicken flocks during the period 2002-2003 revealed that all IBDV outbreaks occurred at 18-33 days of age. 70% (21/30) of these outbreaks characterized by typical clinical signs and gross lesions. The mortality rates in these flocks ranged between 9.4-12.8 % (average 11.1%); 16.4-30 % (average 23.2 %) and 12-23.5 % (average 17.75 %) in commercial broilers. co...
M.R. Abd-El Wahab l, H.A. Hussein2, T.M. Asfourl and M.A. Shalaby2
...-PCR assay based on primers located at the non-translated region of BVDV genome to detect BVDV RNA in some buffy coat samples, collected from the cohoused camels in the area where dead camels were found (BVDV-positive). revealed positive results. However. genotyping of such positive samples using RT-PCR genotyping based assay revealed negative for the presence of BVDV type I, II, and border disease virus. After 3 passages of the detected positive buffy coats o...
Ahmed Abd El-Samie H. Ali
...nd immunological parameters. All virus-inoculated calves developed a fever on days 3-7-post infection. BVDV antigens were detected in the buffy coat cells on days 3, 5, and 7 post infections. Most calves developed low neutralizing antibody titers as type I (3, 12, 18 and 44) and type-2 (6, 16, 20 and 48) on days 5, 7, 10 and 15 post infection, respectively. There was a significant and minor diminution in the expression of th...
S. A. Khalil1; M. El-Sayed2; M. M. El-Fayomy2; H. Y. Hassan3 and A. Zaghawa3
...1 and lastly 2004. The persistence of immunity after natural infection is varied from 6 months to several years. Assessment or maternal antibodies in calves born to naturally infected dams is a matter of interest in order to determine the proper time of vaccination. Twenty-five pregnant Frisian cows in the last stage of pregnancy were naturally infected with BEFV during the Egyptian outbreak in summer 2004. Four of them were...
Ausama A. Yousif1,3, Sandy M. Watkins1, Lyle J. Braunl, David J. Hurley2 and Christopher C. L. Chase1
...ination-events between persistently infecting and vaccinal strains of Bovine virus diarrhea virus (BVDV) indicate that mixed pestivirus infections occur in vivo and that bovine cells support replication of RNA from BVDV-I and BVDV-2 (Ridpath and Bolin. 1995: Becher et al. 2001). BVDV type-specific molecular beacons were used to estimate the effect of the presence of two BVDV RNA genotypes on the RNA relative replication efficiency of each genotype by comparing...
Maria Kikelomo Adegun1*, Femi Godwin Ekundayo1, David Daisi Ajayi2
.... In order to better understand the growth, haematology, and serum biochemical indicators of West African Dwarf (WAD) ram lambs, a study was designed that included cassava peels ensiled with urea (UTCP) and graded amounts of Gliricidia sepium fodder (GSF). Sixteen yearling WAD rams with an average weight of 12±1 kg was randomly assigned into four treatments (T1, T2, T3, and T4) in a ten-week trial. The rams assigned t...
Huda M. Hamid1, Fadia W. Al-Azawi2* and Zaid F. Makki3
...le insights into country’s water resources management, including the optimization of water use for different purposes and the strategies’ development to deal with water scarcity and drought. The analysis of hydrology characteristics in Iraqi dams has been conducted using remote sensing techniques and GIS. Due to its arid to semi-arid climate, limited water resources, and growing population, Iraq is facing signifi...
Tariq I. Almundarij
... and antioxidant parameters were assessed. During the breeding season, 16 dromedary she-camels that appeared to be in good health included in this study as controls. Their average body weight ranged from 430 kg for camels under 8 years old to 480 kg for camels over 8 years old. Twenty-nine overweight female dromedary camels were examined, with a BCS over 4.5 and an infertile period lasting...
Rana Mohammed Ibrahim1*, Haider Mohammed Ali Al-Rubaie2
... by using thin blood smears Nested and quantitative real time (qRT)- Polymerase Chain Reaction methods in Baghdad city between 1/11/ 2021 and 31/3/2022. Fifty jugular venous blood samples (about 5ml) were collected. The total infection rate of Leucocytozoon spp. in the blood smears was 10% (5/50), which divided into males 6% and in females 4%, while by qRT-PCR was 4% (2/50) with an equal ratio between males and females (2%)....
Sulake Fadhil Al-Zubaidi1*, Ghusoon A.A. Alneamah2, Ali Saleh Mahdi1, Abdulraheem Abduljalil Wali3
...was repeated after 24 hours and seven days if needed for groups I and II. Group III: six bitches with open pyometra received Misoprostol (Cytotec®) given intravaginally as 200 mcg/bitch. All groups received a course of antibiotics. Group IV: two bitches treated by ovariohysterectomy under general anesthesia. Bacterial isolation was made on chromogenic agar to identification of bacteria associated with pyometra. In group ...
Nahariah Nahariah1*, Hikmah Hikmah1, Faridah N. Yuliati1, Endah Murpiningrum1, Abdul W. Jamaluddin2, Titis S. Kusuma3, Andi Febyana4, Kartina Kartina1
...e fermentation times (hours) 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Factor B was the fermentation level (%) of yeast was 10, 20, and 30, respectively. Parameters measured were swelling ability, emulsion stability, pH value, and water content and color profile of fermented egg yolk. The results showed that the level of yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae in egg yolk fermentation had a significant effect (P<0.05) on the swelling ability and...
Makmun1, Imam Mujahidin Fahmid2, Muhammad Saleh S. Ali2*, Muhammad Yamin Saud2, Rahmadanih3
...esia for the last two years, has also affected the livestock business. This research analyzed the actors and the relations between actors in the laying hen farming business. The research was conducted using a qualitative method; data was collected through interviews, observation, documentation, and focused group discussions. The method of selecting informants uses purposive sampling of far...
Luthfiralda Sjahfirdi1*, Lisa Nurfalah1, Deanvi Fahira Wisnuputri1, Entang Iskandar2
...reeding facility. Behaviors of two adult female N. hilleri (K2 and K5) were observed in their cages from 17:00 to 05:00 WIB from September to November 2015. Feces were collected during the observation period and the levels of E1C and PdG were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Our results showed that the average percentage of behavior observations (K2 and K5), namely was behavior moving 61%, unseen 15%, resting 8%, social behavior 8%, autog...
Nguyen Binh Truong1,2*, Ho Xuan Nghiep1,2, Tran Trung Tuan1,2
...al farm in An Giang University of Vietnam. Four male Saanen crossbred goats were used in the Latin Square design (4 x 4) to evaluate the effects of feed supplement combinations on feed intake, nutrient digestibility and nitrogen retention. The feed sources were finely ground and used in the experiment were Maize (Ma), Brocken rice (Br), Cassava chip (Ca) and Wheat (Wh). The proportion of combination (% dry matter intake) in two energy feed sources was 15% and ...
Rizqan*, Hilda Susanty, Linda Suhartati, Azhar, Arief, Elly Roza
...coli. These findings underscore the antibacterial potential of the citrus fruit peel eco-enzyme solution and suggest its viability as a natural and environmentally friendly teat dipping solution for dairy cattle.
...
...
Nurhashunatil Mar’ah1, Safika Safika2*, Agustin Indrawati2
...tance and virulence factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Dairy Farm isolates in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Twelve isolates obtained in the field were tested for phenotype resistance profile with four antibiotics of β-lactams using the Kirby-Bauer method. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to detect the resistance genes and virulence factors of K. pneumoniae. Samples isolated from water sources showed a resist...
Divanildo Outor-Monteiro1,2,3*, José António Silva2,3,4, José Luís Mourão1,2,3, Victor Pinheiro1,2,3
...;">Actually, some consumers have displayed a growing preference for rabbit meat sourced from alternative rearing systems as opposed to intensive cage-based systems. This trial was designed to explore the influence of production systems (cages - Cg; 13.3 rabbits/m2, closed parks - CP; 7.7 rabbits/m2, and open-air systems - Oa; 0.25 rabbits/m2) and slaughter age (70 and 84 days) on the growth, carcass traits and meat quality of growing rabbits. 120 animals were ...
Rawaa Saladdin Jumaa
... justify;">This is the first study in Iraq to look at P4b gene analysis of pigeon poxvirus virus in locally infected pigeons with crust lesions in the eye and nostril cere. The DNA extracted from the collected samples was amplified using conventional PCR by amplification of the P4b gene. The positive samples had been inoculated on chorioallantoic membrane (CAM). Thickening of CAM were seen in the first passage, whereas pock ...
Rizkie Elvania1, Tintin Rostini1, Sakiman2, Ani Susilawati2, Emilda Adriani2, Abd Malik1*
..., aged between 6 to 7 years and weighing 500-550 kg, were involved in this investigation. Semen collection was conducted weekly a 12- week period using an artificial vagina. Lycopene was added to the skim milk-egg yolk diluent at concentrations of 1%, 2%, 3%, and 4%, while the control group received no lycopene substitution. The freshly collected semen underwent macroscopic and microscopic evaluations. Subsequently, the semen was assessed pre-freezing and post...
Nurlan Akhmetsadykov1*, Tanatar Kydyrov2, Moldir Akhmetzhanova1, Gulnazi Akhmetova3, Maxat Berdikulov4
...protein sequence was reverse translated to the nucleotide sequence, after which the gene was synthesized using solid-phase method. The gene fragment, encoding the GM6 protein, was inserted or cloned into the pET28 expression vector after synthesis. The obtained sequences were checked by sequencing for correspondence to the matrix molecule. For transformation E. coli BL21 (DE3) strain was used. To assess the efficacy of the antigen, immunoassay analysis and blo...
Zurmiati1*, Ade Trisna2, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli1, Yelsi Listiana Dewi3, Ulvi Fitri Handayani4, Wizna1
...ever, the high feed conversion of duck is an obstacle in the intensive development of duck farming because 70% of poultry production costs come from feed costs. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of Bacillus subtilis FNCC 0059 administration as a probiotic on growing male Bayang duck performance. A randomized design was used in this study. The probiotic Bacillus subtilis FNCC 0059 was included in drinking water of male Bayang ducks at diff...
Tarek Refaay, E.A. Elshafiee, Hayam A. Mansour and Maha A. Sabry*
... gastrointestinal disorders associated with consumption of foods with animal origin. Therefore, this study was conducted to determine the presence of E. coli O157:H7 in food outlets in some touristic cities in Egypt. For this purpose, 648 samples including raw chicken meat, cooked chicken meat, raw beef meat, cooked beef meat, food handlers and equipment swabs were collected from 54 food outlets in some touristic cities in E...
Zhengfei Wang1*, Chenchen Shen1,2, Yiping Zhang1, Dan Tang1,3, Yaqi Luo1, Yaotong Zhai1, Yayun Guan1, Yue Wang1 and Xinyu Wang1
...g nine ionotropic receptors, two ionotropic glutamate receptors, ten variant ionotropic glutamate receptors, four cytochrome P450s, and one carboxylesterase. Our study suggested that ionotropic receptors were the main odorant receptors in Procambarus clarkii. Additionally, the key genes that are responsible for olfacto...
Qurat ul Ain1, Asifa Khan1*, Asia Riaz2 and Nazia Suleman2
...well acknowledged predators of soft bodied insect pests. Mass production of these beetles for biological control is widely practiced in the world against different insect pests. Many insects can modulate their life processes with respect to low temperatures and this attribute can wisely be used to increase their shelf life for mass rearing. The possibility of short-term storage for adults and larval stages of seven spotted ladybird beetle under low temperature...
Syed Majid Rasheed1*, Tauseef Ali1, Saad Jan1, Faiz ur Rehman2, Muhammad Ali Shah3, Zahid Hussain1 and Abdul Waheed4
...were good general combiners. G8 and G14 were superior crosses due to high per se performance and significant SCA effects. Heritability analysis suggested that the selection of the studied traits should not be based on phenotypic performance. A heterosis study revealed that most of the crosses outperform the checks, and hence could be used in future okra breeding programs. The estimated inbreeding depression revealed that the majority of the traits showed negat...
Compatibility of Selected Insecticides Against Sucking Insect Pests of Cotton Under Field Conditions
M. Tariq Mushtaq1, Faisal Manzoor1, M. Ishtiaq1*, Mirza Abdul Qayyum1, Muqarrab Ali2, M. Akram3, M. Rafiq Shahid3 and Saleem Riaz1
...ctive way among the farmers for controlling these insect pests. Present study was designed to evaluate the compatibility of different insecticide mixtures against sucking insect pests i.e., whitefly and jassid. Compatibility of four insecticides combinations i.e., buprofezin + flonicamid, buprofezin + nitenpyram at recommended and half dose of recommended for two years. In separate experiment two combinations of pyriproxyfen...
Ahmed Kadhim Munahi1* , Hameed A. Al-Timmemi2
...e most common cause of persistent neurological diseases is spinal cord damage. Unfortunately, the vast majority of spinal cord injury treatments are ineffective. The current study is aimed to apply chitosan nanoparticles on spinal cord regeneration in dogs. For this objective, sixteen healthy mongrel dogs were used. They were divided into two equal groups (n=8) at random. All dogs underwent dorsal laminectomy and left latera...
Doungnapa Promket1*, Khanitta Pengmeesri1, Jennarong Kammongkun2, Thassawan Somchan1
...;...
Estabraq Hayder Khayoon, Ammar Ahmed Abdulwahid*
...and alteration in behaviors. Curcumin (CUR) is useful in reducing behavioral flaws and restoring a normal body systems’ function. The goal of the current study is to evaluate the how the brain effected oxidatively by Acrylamide exposure and the ability of Curcumin to ameliorate the neurotoxicity. For this investigation, thirty mature male albino rats be used, (10/group), the control group (CC), animals were intubated w...
Yongke Zhu1,2, Yun Fang1, Songhua Tang1, Yuan Gu3, Jinming Zhao4, Wolfgang Scherzinger5 and Yue-Hua Sun1*
... limited. We spent 10 years studying the breeding biology of A. f. beickianus in Lian Hua Shan Nature Reserve (Gansu Province), where we could first confirm the occurrence of this small forest dwelling owl in 1995. During breeding seasons (2003-2009, 2017-2019), we checked nest boxes and recorded the basic breeding data. Thereby a total of 51 broods were found with an average of 5.1 ± 1.7 broods per year. The mean egg...
Xiaojun Li
...hinone. This effect is firstly fatal to diamondback moth larvae after feeding, and may also cause antifeedant and aversion of diamondback moth larvae....
Saliha Bashir*, Muhammad Shafique, Muhammad Shahzad, Muhammad Sohail Anjum and Ahmad Ali Shahid
... discover phenotypic diversity and correlations of pigmented traits and iris surface features in Punjab and Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa (KPK) province of Pakistan. Digital images of eyes and skin were examined by investigators to determine color using Fitzpatrick Phototype Scale. Similarly, iris patterns were characterized by Edward iris feature software and association studies were conducted through SPSS program. Intermediate eye co...
Muhammad Talha Sajjad1, Hamid Akbar1*, Muhammad Arif Khan1, Muhammad Hassan Mushtaq3, Shehla Gul Bokhari1, Muhammad Abid Hayat4 and Ghulam Mustafa2
...und healing in rescued horses. Twelve horses were divided into two groups: group A (PRP-treated) and group B (control). The group A (n=6) animals were treated with autologous PRP gel, while the group B (n=6) animals were treated with sterile saline. Full-thickness (3 x 3 cm2) skin wounds were selected in each horse on either left or right region of back. Neovascularization was assessed on ...
Nejra Dučić1, Senad Kovačević1, Faruk Tandir1,2, Rizah Avdić2, Ermin Šaljić3, Anel Vejzović2, Nedžad Hadžiomerović2*
...dering the size of a cat’s head and location of important anatomical structures, iatrogenic trauma can happen very easily while performing dental nerve blocks. This study aimed to investigate morphometric details of the skull and mandible nerve foramina as crucial structures for the precise administration of local anesthetics. The research included skulls and mandibles of 12 domestic shorthair cats. The morphometric analysis was performed on 20 paramete<...
Ali Zohaib1*, Muzzammil Hussain2, Ishtiaq Hassan3, Muhammad Tahir Latif2, Tahira Tabassum1 and Naeem Faisal2
...eriods (24, 48 and 72 hours) and seedling age (20, 25 and 30 days) for decreasing the missing hills while improving plant and root growth, and consequently grain yield of MTR. Experiment was conducted using randomized complete block design (RCBD) with split-plot arrangement and three replications during 2020 and 2021. Shoot and root length as well as dry mass of rice seedlings sown in trays were significantly increased with increase in seedling age. Increase i...
Muhammad Wasif Gulzar* and Jawad Hussain
...responsibility to hold ourselves responsible for guaranteeing the security, precision, and dependability of any AI technologies we create or use. Effective outcomes in an area where data misunderstanding, even hostile misinterpretation, is commonplace depending on data transparency and use. The AI tools can be tricked by deliberate manipulation of data. It has been shown how image disruptions that the human eye interprets as...
Zeynep Karapinar1* and Mehmet Özkan Timurkan2
...s investigated for the first time in Balıkesir province and the data of the feline parvovirus sequence was defined to Genbank. Current phylogenetic information about the FPV in Turkey was obtained in the present study....
Farid S. Nassar1,2, Osama A. El-Sayed3, Saidi Ouassaf4, Ahmed O. Abbas1,2*
...sion on broiler chickens’ productive performance, slaughter traits, biochemical components, cholesterol profile, stress indicators, and immune status. Four hundred male Cobb500 broiler chickens were grown on floor pens and fed a mash-based corn-soybean diet from one day to 21 days old. From 22-42 days of age, the birds were divided into four experimental groups (10 replicate pens × 10 chicks each) in which the bi...
Sukhpreet Kaur Sidhu1*, Gurkirat Singh Sekhon1, Sachin Kumar1, Tejdeep Kaur Kler1 and Anureet Kaur Chandi2
...>Ponds constitute biodiversity hotspots within a region or landscape. The objective of this investigation was to assess the diversity of avian species of insectivorous feeding guild and their foraging activities at ponds surrounded by wheat and rice crop fields. Three ponds were selected and surveyed during April 2020 to March 2021 in village Mukrabpur, district Rupnagar (pond I), village Gopalpur, district Ludhiana (pond II...
Sarah G. Yousef1*, Ahmed Shehta2, Hend M. El Damaty1 and Hussein A. Elsheikh3
...t-align: justify;">Johne’s disease (JD), chronic granulomatous disease caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP), is regarded as a potential public health issue and a significant threat to the dairy and agricultural food businesses. This study was conducted for the molecular investigation of MAP in cattle reared for small-scale dairy production in Sharkia Governorate, Egypt. Seventy-five fecal samples were collected from diarrheic and h...
Sajjad Khan*, Naila Chand, Abdul Hafeez and Nazir Ahmad
...M after performing Tukey’s test. Results indicated significantly high feed intake, body weight gain, improved (P<0.05) FCR, livability and EPEF in group D followed by C, B and E. Same pattern of improved weight of heart, liver, gizzard, pancreas, bursa, spleen and thymus was recorded for the groups studied. Significantly higher (P<0.05) VH, lower (P<0.05) CD and higher (P<0.05) VH:CD in duodenum, jejunum an...
Asad Ullah1, Hayat Ullah2, Muhammad Lateef3, Imrana Niaz Sultan4, Afrasiab Khan Tareen4 and Muhammad Waseem Khan4,5*
...upled with other parameters help in treatment and reducing disease transmission. The current study was conducted to assess the sensitivity and specificity of the GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Cepheid Sunnyvale, CA, United States) in comparison to conventional techniques used for the diagnosis of TB. Our study is one of the first ones from Pakistan investigating and assessing the performance of GeneXpert. We recruited eight hundred clin...
Lingang Dai1,2,3, Xiang Chen1,2,3, Jiajin Huang1,2,3, Jiali Xu1,2,3, Meimei Xiao1,2,3, Jiajing Chen1,2,3 and Yong Ruan1,2,3*
...h rate and low feed conversion rate, so, we introduced Boer goat as the male parent and crossed with Guizhou white goat to obtain F3 generation of Boer × White goat hybrid to improve its production performance. To study the effect of PGAM2 gene polymorphisms on the performance of F3 generation hybrid goats, the relationship between PGAM2 gene polymorphisms and slaughter traits, meat quality traits and organ coefficients was determined in 39 F3 generation...
Rahmat Rahmat1, Muhammad Yusuf2*, Abdul Latief Toleng2, Herdis Herdis3, Athhar Manabi Diansyah2, Hasrin Hasrin4
... of 20% and 60%. Parameters measured in this study were motility, viability, abnormality, membrane integrity, acrosome integrity, movement pattern and proportion of spermatozoa. The data obtained were analysed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). A Descriptive Statistical test used to analyze the proportion of sperms. The results showed that different concentrations of sexing media showed no significant difference (P>0.05) on motility, viability, abn...
Kouengoua Kouengoua Armelle Prudence1*, Yessinou Roland2, Nankam Chimi Roland1, Fotsac Dzousse Muller1, Kouam Alain1, Djuikwo Felicite1, Facho Balaam1, Awah Ndukum Julius3, Farougou Souaibou2
...d relevance in recent years. Awareness on the status of bTB in the African wildlife is a paramount step for ensuring control, surveillance in cattle. This review systematically addresses data available on bovine tuberculosis in Africa’s wildlife. This article has given an overview of the factors related to prevalence, host, causal agents, methods of diagnostics, risk facto
Vladimir Vasilievich Shimalov
...ed in 1996–1999 (first study period) and 2005–2010 (second study period). A total 36 helminth species parasitize common shrews during three research periods. ...
Ahmed M. Manthoor, Ali H. Saliem*
... Escherichia coli. The first step was involved collection and extraction of P. oleracea with absolute methanol in a Soxhlet apparatus and phytochemical analysis of extract. While in the second step, the antibacterial effects of the extract as compared with ciprofloxacin, as well as zone of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), by using 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 mg/ml concentration of the extract, wh...
Hillary M.O. Otieno1,2*
...esource-constrained farmers in the Sub-Saharan Africa region. However, the land sizes are small and pose a big question as to whether it is economical to embrace the technology. Again, if not used well, these products could be harmful to humans and other non-targeted organisms that significantly contribute to the well-being of the ecosystem. This review, therefore, explores the potential benefits of widespread herbicide adoption in the region. Also, the study ...
Shakir Ullah1* and Lubna Shakir2
...ternal and external factors respectively that influence the phytochemical composition of medicinal plants. Euphorbia helioscopia, (sun spurge or madwoman’s milk) (Euphorbiaceae) is a wild medicinal plant that grows nearly in all phytogeographical zones of Bajaur. The plant location, age, and their interactions had a significant influence on the phytochemical composition of E. helioscopia. The plant location had the hig...
Faisal Alsaaq
...f coral reef fish biodiversity in the Al-Wajh region, focusing on both near shore and offshore areas. A comprehensive survey was conducted at 30 different stations, encompassing coastal and offshore locations. A total of 117 fish species belonging to 31 families were identified during the survey, with an overall abundance of 20,810 individuals observed. The fish assemblages in the area exhibited a balanced representation by all functional groups across differe...
Geeta Moolchandani1, Jaiperkash Moolchandani2*, Nasima Iqbal3,
Syed Mohsin Turab4, Muhammad Kashif5 and Lubna Farooq6
...fy;">There are some factors that leads to hypoxic ischemic encephalopathy, like maternal age ≥ 35 years, social factors, family history of seizures or neurologic disease, infertility treatment, previous neonatal death, severe preeclampsia, multiple gestation, intrauterine growth restriction, trauma, breech presentation and antepartum hemorrhage. The aim of current study was to identify ...
Taleeha Roheen1, Shagufta Kamal1*, Shazia Anwer Bukhari1, Ghulam Mustafa1 and Saima Rehman2
...e present study, the diversity of two functional microbial communities; methanogenic archaea and soluble methane monooxygenase (sMMO) producing methanotrophic bacteria from rice paddy soil of different regions of Punjab, Pakistan were studied using phylogenetic analysis. Morphological and biochemical analysis showing the presence of different species of novel methanogenic archaea and sMMO-producing methanotrophic bacteria in rice paddy soil samples. The evolut...
Elena Balarezo1*, Jose Luis Flores1 and Brendan Cullen2
...cies and livestock, it first was modelled the effects of climate change in 2050 and 2080 on pasture growth, feed consumption, and milk production. Afterward, it was modelled better adapted pastures (deeply rooted, or “DR” and heat-tolerant, or “HR”), as well as livestock (with higher feed conversion efficiency, or “FCE”). The growth patterns of pastures will be impacted by climate change a...
Julieta M Lopez-Martinez and Imran Ahmad*
...has been consumed for years in South and Central America. Amaranth plants are well adaptable in different climatic conditions, and easy to grow. Amaranth grains have several beneficial features such as high-quality protein, high content of fiber and micronutrients such as iron and calcium. Furthermore, amaranth seeds are a good source of phytochemical compounds with health-promoting effects such as squalene, phytosterols, and polyphenols. Amaranth seeds have g...
Seyed Ahmed Reza Hashemi1, Teymour Aminrad1, Asadullah Ali Muhammad2*, Mastooreh Doustdar3 and Parastoo Mohebi Derakhsh3
...) by sampling sea cucumbers at nine sites from March 2018 to March 2019. The sites included Aliabady, Ramin, Beries, Gurdium, Kachoo, Beries plane, Tis, Pasabandar and Pozm. 125 female and 121 male specimens were measured for total length and total weight, with mean ± standard deviation of 28 ± 4 (21 - 33) cm for males and 25 ± 6 (14 - 39) cm for females, and 421 ± 128 (191 - 770) g and 365 ± 231 (116 - 776) g, individually. ...
Ahokpossi AGAC1,2*, Salifou CFA2, Youssao Abdou Karim I2, Ameyapoh Y3
...cently developed by farmers with those of local chickens and exotic chickens commonly found in Benin. Thus, data on carcass characteristics, and sensory meat quality were collected on 120 chickens divided into four groups: (1 and 2), each composed of 20 males and 20 females Goliath chickens, group 3 was composed of local chickens (10 males and 10 females) and group 4 was composed of 20 Cobb 500 broilers. These birds were re...
Sena’a M. Hussein1,2, Raffal A. Omar3*
...ed each minute for the first five minutes following lumbosacral injection and then every five minutes until the sensory blockade disappeared. Motor activities were constantly monitored and evaluated every 30 seconds. Clinical evaluation of analgesia and motor blocks after injection revealed a complete analgesia and there was no response to deep muscle pricks lasting for (120) / minutes starting after 15 minute from lumbosacral injection while in repeated dose...
Tinda Afriani1*, Jaswandi1, Yurnalis1, Putri Oktavially1, I Made Merdana2
...esults regarding the diversity of the GH gene found 14 point mutations, including six transversions, namely, C>G 1343 bp, T>G 1376 bp, C>A 1438 bp, G>C 1570 bp, A>C 1720 bp, and G>A 1744 bp. Additionally, seven transitional mutations were detected, including G>A 1359 bp, T>C 1409 bp A>G 1454 bp, G>A 1485 bp, G>A 1506 bp, G>A 1538 bp, C>T 1659 bp, and one insertion C 1838 pb. This study ...
Riskayanti Riskayanti1, Hikmah Hikmah2*, Muhammad Irfan Said2, Nahariah Nahariah2
...products. Therefore, diversification of processed chicken nugget products with the addition of vegetables is needed. This research aimed to analyze the effect of cooking treatment and vegetable addition level on antioxidant activity, dietary fiber, pH and cooking loss of chicken nuggets. The research design consisted of two factors, the first factor was vegetable cooking treatment (fresh...
Muhammad Saleem1, Saifullah Khan2* and Mahmood ul Hasan3
...ument the different factors that were subjected to contribute to the delay in the metro bus construction project in Multan, Pakistan. In this regard, six major contributing factors have been highlighted to evaluate their impact on the project for being delayed and overrun time schedule. The work adopts the questionnaire-based survey as a means of data collection for the employees of the metro bus project Pakistan. The result...
Syed Tayyab ul Mazhar1, Hasnain Khan1, Uzma Afzal1*, Shazia Usmani1 and Tariq Mahmood2
... the year 2021. A python’s library “Tweepy” was used to collect the data. Tweets were filtered out using a set of related keywords. The dataset has five sub-datasets, i.e., one dataset for a city. Each sub-dataset contains the tweet data on a daily basis and can be analyzed separately. Pakistan observed two Covid waves in the year 2021 so these datasets also have tweets reflecting people’s behavior fr...
Syed Tayyab ul Mazhar1, Hasnain Khan1, Uzma Afzal1*, Shazia Usmani1 and Tariq Mahmood2
... the year 2021. A python’s library “Tweepy” was used to collect the data. Tweets were filtered out using a set of related keywords. The dataset has five sub-datasets, i.e., one dataset for a city. Each sub-dataset contains the tweet data on a daily basis and can be analyzed separately. Pakistan observed two Covid waves in the year 2021 so these datasets also have tweets reflecting people’s behavior fr...
Aalaa S. Saad1*, Taghreed H. A. Ali2, Nayerah Alatfeehy3, Dalia Elmasry4
...onocytogenes, its toxins’ expression, and the sensory qualities of breaded chicken panne during chilled storage. The 30% PN concentration had a size of 19.783 nm and a narrow size distribution (polydispersity index: 0.253) with a distinct chemical composition. PE’s minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was 50 and 25 mg/mL, while PN’s w...
Haseeb Zafar1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1*, Zain-Ul- Abideen1, Muhammad Kamran Taj2, Sibtain Ahmad3 , Umbreen Zafar2
...ential medium (MacConkey’s agar) plates and incubated at 37°C for 24 hours. After isolation, organisms were further identified through Gram staining, and different biochemical tests. Among the total samples, 92(61.33%) showed positive growth of E. coli whereas 58(38.6%) samples were negative for E. coli. Source-wise distribution results showed that E. coli was mostly isolated from water samples (88%) followed by ce...
Abdul Hassan1*, Shahnaz Akhtar1 and Muhammad Ishaq2
... agricultural households’ livelihood strategies in the models of rural households type II and rural households type III. The empirical findings depicted that the more human capital, financial capital and social capital that are owned by agricultural households, probably more they have to select strategies of livelihood involving to be engaged in rural households type II and rural households type III. Similarly, the effect of physical capital has positive...
Alveena Izhar1*, Basit Ullah2, Rabia Asghar1, Aqeel Ahmad1 and Hassam Bin Mujahid1
....) cv. ‘Green Neck’ was conducted at the Horticulture Research Farm, The University of Agriculture, Peshawar; Pakistan during the session (2020-2021). The experiment was designed in Randomized Complete Block in split plot arrangement with three times replication. The main plot consists of phosphorus levels i.e. (0, 25, 50, 75, 100 kg ha-1), whereas steckling sizes i.e. (10, 20, 30 cm) were assigned to subplots. T...
Ram Prasad Ghimire
...ded the analysis of fodders in the laboratory for nutrient composition, the feeding experiment determining fodder intake and weight gain monitoring in the goats, and a subsequent in-vivo experiment determining the apparent digestibility of fodder nutrients of those browse species. Both of the experiments were conducted in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with six treatments and five replications on native hill goats of Nepal. The fodde
Nurul Fajeriana1*, Akhmad Ali1 and Retno Puspa Rini2
...ill. Based on these factors, the study was conducted to compare and analyze soil tillage and contour-oriented planting models with the aim of minimizing erosion and surface runoff. This research was carried out on land with a 23% slope and featured three treatments, i.e., N0 (plots with soil loosening only), N1 (erosion plots with contour-aligned soil bunds), and N2 (erosion plots with bench terraces along the contour). All plots were planted with kale (Ipomoe...
Pedro Nunes1*, José Teixeira1,2, José Luís Mourão1,2,3, Divanildo Monteiro1,2,3, Victor Pinheiro1,2,3
...ally feasible for producers by offering alternative sources of dietary fiber, thereby expanding the potential applications of these by-products. This study aimed to assess the effects of incorporating Exhausted Olive Cake (EOC) into commercial rabbit diets on zootechnical performance, carcass characteristics, and visceral development. To achieve this, a total of 60 hybrid rabbits (New Zealand x Californian) were employed. Three distinct diets were formulated, ...
Sudeb Saha1,2*, Jay Prakash Ray3, Apurbo Kumar Mondal4, Md. Irtija Ahsan5, Marina Debnath6, Dilruba Afrin7, Syed Sayeem Uddin Ahmed5, Jayanta Datta Gupta3, Nivedita Datta8, Hugo O. Toledo-Alvarado9, Haruki Kitazawa1
...s effective and have adverse effects in public health. The present study aims to measure the effectiveness of application of a probiotic (Bacillus coagulans MTCC 25250) feed additive in subclinical mastitis cows on improvement of body condition, blood parameters, milk yields and milk composition apart from mitigation of the disease. A total of 20 subclinical mastitis cows were randomly assigned into four groups with various ...
Mathew O. Ayoola1*, Kayode Sasona1, Oluwakamisi F Akinmoladun2, Tolulope O. Faniyi3, Abel O. Oguntunji1, Tunde E. Lawal1
...nd hematological parameters. Measured serum biochemical indices of rabbits were not significantly (p>0.05) affected by treatments. Rabbit carcass weight (kg) and dressing-out percentage (%) were significantly (p<0.05) affected by the main and interactive effect of housing with feeding systems. Overall, H3 and F3 had the best growth performance, carcass characteristics and physiological response (p<0.05) as compared to other treatment groups. The inter...
Budianto Panjaitan1, Husnurrizal Husnurrizal2, V.Y. Edward3, D.A. Nishcaya3, Teuku Armansyah4, Tongku Nizwan Siregar2, Mulyadi Adam5, Arman Sayuti1, Amalia Sutriana4, Hafizuddin Hafizuddin2*
...ion was carried out 2 hours after PGF2α administration. The treatment was performed five times in alternate weeks. Semen collection was performed using an artificial vagina once a week for ten weeks. Testosterone concentrations were analyzed using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method. The average spermatozoa volume (mL); concentration (106 cells/mL); and testosterone concentration (ng/mL) in P1 vs. P2, were 4.82±1.93 vs. 4.92&plusm...
Salema Lafta Hassan1*, Taghred Jabbar Humadai1, Sabrin Ibraheem Mohsin2
...age of two months. The first group (G1) was given Folcord (500 mg/kg) orally daily for four weeks, whereas the second group (G2) was given Folcord as well as I/P inoculation with 0.1 ml oil adjuvant vaccine (OAV) of Pasteurella multocida twice a week for two weeks. The third group was vaccinated by I/P with 0.1 ml oil adjuvant vaccine (OAV) of Pasteurella multocida in two doses separated by two weeks. The fourth group (G4) was assigned the role of negative con...
Theresia Nur Indah Koni*, Yeria Banoet, Welhelmina Wahon, Cytske Sabuna, Melkianus Dedimus Same Randu, Yanse Yane Rumlaklak, Tri Anggarini Yuniwati Foenay
...anana peels. The parameters were nutrient content, feed intake, body weight gain, and feed conversion ratio. Data on nutrient content of fermented and unfermented banana peels were analyzed descriptively, while data on feed intake, body weight gain, and feed conversion were analyzed by using analysis of variance and continued with Duncan’s multiple...
Nasir Shah1,4, Muhammad Ibrahim1*, Zarnosh Habib2, Kalsoom3 and Zahir Shah4
... used for the purpose. Firstly, the artificial diet of fruit flies was subjected to these treatments, while on the other hand chikoo fruits which were used for flies to settle on, were dipped in same concentrations of these plant extracts, and dried under shade and exposed to peach fruit flies for feeding for 15 days. All the three plants exhibited insect repelling potential but these had no significant difference from each other, while A. indica showing nonsi...
Qing Cao1, Wei Jiao2, Huihui Lu1, Jing Zhang2, Meiling Ren3, Yan Xu1* and Shuyang Hu1*
...ibrinogen (Fb) and D-dimers (D-D) in serum of patients in the hyperglycemia group were much higher than those in the hypoglycemia group, while serum plasma prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were much shorter than those in the hypoglycemia group (all P < 0.05). Thrombus precursor protein (TpP), P-selectin (Ps), maximum platelet aggregation rate (MAR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) of pa...
Qing Cao1, Wei Jiao2, Huihui Lu1, Jing Zhang2, Meiling Ren3, Yan Xu1* and Shuyang Hu1*
...ibrinogen (Fb) and D-dimers (D-D) in serum of patients in the hyperglycemia group were much higher than those in the hypoglycemia group, while serum plasma prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were much shorter than those in the hypoglycemia group (all P < 0.05). Thrombus precursor protein (TpP), P-selectin (Ps), maximum platelet aggregation rate (MAR) and mean platelet volume (MPV) of pa...
Xiangmei Chen, Burie Bao* and Mo Degema
...ptoms, signs and indicators in type 2 diabetic rats. For this study sixty male Wistar rats were randomly divided into a normal group, model group, metformin group, and low-, medium- and high-dose camel placenta groups. A high-fat and high-sugar feed combined with intraperitoneal injection of STZ dissolved in a citric acid-sodium citrate buffer was used to establish a rat model of hyperglycaemia. Metformin hydrochloride tablets were used as a positive control t...
Faramin Javandel Soum Sarai1, Mir Daryoush Shakouri2* and Alireza Seidavi3*
...nd hematological parameters of broilers under heat stress (34 ˚C for 8 h). A total of 160 28-d-old Ross 308 broiler chickens were divided into 4 treatment groups with 4 replicates and 10 birds per each by employing a completely randomized design. Broilers were fed on corn-soybean meal basal diets with no additive (control) or added chromium picolinate (400 mg/kg), chromium picolinate (400...
Rahmat Ullah Khan*1, Karim Gabol1, Abbas Khan1, Asif Sadam2, Waheed Ali Panhwar3, Hamid Ullah5, Muhsin Ali4, Gul Bacha Khan4 and Habib Ul Hassan1
...carried out on avian diversity and main ecological factors occurring at Gharo Creek, district Thatta, Sindh, Pakistan, from April 2020 to March 2021. Data were collected both early in the morning (7:00-10:00 am) and in the evening (3:00 to 6:00 pm) by using the point count method in three main selected habitat types. A total of 112 bird species belonging to 15 orders, 40 families, and 71 g...
Aimal Zeb1, Abdur Rauf1*, Nabila Bano2, Muhammad Qayash3, Muhammad Yasin4, Ikramullah Khan1, Syed Abidullah1, Wisal Khan5, Muhammad Asmat Ullah2, Abdul Ghaffar Khan6 and Samrin Gul7
...roduced by PVH-2324 at first picking, while PVH-1600 showed the maximum number of leaves (22), leaf area (1241cm2), green leaves (29.3 Kg) and cured leaves weights per plot (4.6 Kg). Furthermore, PVH-1600 and K-399 showed the maximum mean values for green leaves (0.97 Kg) and cured leaves (0.227 Kg) weights respectively. The tallest plant was identified as PVH-2324 (136.21 cm). Genotype PVH-2329 revealed the maximum amount of reducing sugar (15.83%) compared t...
Limbang Kustiawan Nuswantara, Eko Pangestu, Marry Christiyanto, Santoso Dwi Pratomo, Elyza Zahrotul Muhtaromah
...rate composed of distillers dried grains with soluble (DDGS), corn gluten feed (CGF), coconut cake, soybean meal, wheat bran, molasses, gamal leaf flour, calliandra leaf flour. and indigofera leaf flour and then made in pellets. The experimental design used was a randomized block design (RBD) based on grouping body weights consisting of 4 groups and 4 treatments. The treatment applied was a balance of feed in the form of forage elephant grass with different le...
Heni Indrijani*, Asep Anang, Muhammad Farhan Fadilah, Nena Hilmia, Maya Fitriani
... different groups. The first group consisted of 13 males and 147 females Sentul Debu chicken aged 11 months, while the second group consisted of 13 males and 146 females Sentul Kulawu chicken aged 14 months. The hatching eggs produced from breeding one line and crossbreeding were hatched for 21 days, resulting in fertility, and hatchability was calculated as a value of the heterosis effect. Each DOC was identified by wing tagging as identification in body weig...
Khaeruddin1, Gatot Ciptadi2, Muhammad Yusuf3, Iswati4, Setya Budhi Udrayana4, Sri Wahjuningsih2*
...cted was egg yolk Ringer’s lactate added with BHT at concentrations of 1, 2, and 3 mM, respectively as well as a control treatment without BHT. Liquid semen was stored for 72 hours at 5°C, with spermatozoa quality monitored every 24 hours in 10 replicated experiments. The results showed that sperm motility, viability, and plasma membrane integrity were significantly higher (P<...
Henny Leondro1*, Peni Wahyu Prihandini2, Yuli Arif Tribudi3, Aju Tjatur Nugroho Krisnaningsih1, Dimas Pratidina Puriastuti Hadiani1, Agung Kusuma Wijaya4, Dyah Tuwi Ramsiati2, Mochammad Chanafi2, Wahyuni Indah Wulansari2
...: justify;">The high diversity of herbaceous legumes in Indonesia has the potential to be developed as a source of animal feed. This research aims to identify eight herbaceous legumes’ productivity and nutritional value. The material used in this research was herbaceous legumes consisting of Clitoria ternatea, Calopogonium mucunoides, Centrosema pubescent, Dolichos lablab, Pueraria javanica, Macroptilium bracteatum, Vi...
Kadhim Kh. K. Al-Khayat1*, Athmar K. A. Al-Azawi2
...). The cyst diameters range between 7-21mm. in length and 4-10mm. in width. The PCR amplification results of 14 positive samples for NAD1 (500bp.) and COX1 (446bp.) genes and 3 isolates were squincing and submitted to GenBank under the accession numbers (LC731847.1, LC731848.1 and LC731849.1) for NAD1 gene are 100% identical to the China isolate (JN870149.1), while less identically (97.15 - 99.47%) to Australia and Pol...
Pratap A. Divekar1,2*, Sampat K Patel2, Guru Pirasanna Pandi G3, Manimurugan C2,4, Vikas Singh2 and Jagdish Singh1
...bage yield limiting factors in India. Considering insecticide resistance development in these pests, a study was conducted to find out the effective chemical molecule for managing these pests. Several novel insecticides were evaluated against Diamon back moth (DBM) and CB during spring season of 2019 and 2020. Efficacy of insecticides was determined by comparing larval densities of each insect species, immature and adult of natural enemies, crop damage ratings...
Muhammad Yasin1, Azhar Abbas Khan2*, Sana Rubab2 and Sumaira Maqsood3
...ne and in integrate manners against these pests. Beauveria bassiana was applied at 1×106 and 1×107 conidia/ml alone, or in combination with DE at 50 and100 ppm. Adult insects were exposed to the treated wheat for 5, 10 and 15 days at 27±2 ºC and 65±5% r.h. in an incubator. The mortality of Tribolium castaneum adults was 100% even after 10 days of exposure at the dosages in combination of highest dose of B. bassiana and DE. While,...
Afrasyab Khan1,3, Ali Raza Jahejo1,3, Meng-li Qiao1,3, Xin-yu Han1,3, Raza Ali Mangi1,3, Ding Zhang1,3, Yu-hai Bi2, George F Gao1,3* and Wen-xia Tian1,3*
...eases of a chronic and persistent nature. However, there is limited data available on Nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB) signaling pathway genes expression in chicken erythrocytes infected with Mycoplasma synoviae (M. synoviae). Therefore, the aim of the current in-vitro study was to determine the interaction between chicken erythrocytes and M. synoviae using Transmission electron microscope (TEM) and further to invest...
Shakir Ullah1*, Lubna Shakir2, Ghani Subhan3 and Mohammad Sohail4
...oping new soybean cultivars with high efficiency and ability to drought resistance is very important. The field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of irrigation regimes at different growth stages (Full irrigation, irrigation regimes at vegetable growth, flowering, and pod full stages) on yield and yield components of two soybean varieties (1448 and Egyptian) under semi-arid regions. The results indicated that irrigation regime applications had ...
Riaz Hussain1, Adnan Ihsan2*, Jawad Sarwar2, Nauman Ahmad2, Noor Ullah2, Arbab Luqman2, Muhammad Junaid2 and Hizer Ali2
...as carried out at farmar’s field in Malam jaba Swat during Kharif crop 2018 to evaluate the effectiveness of synthetic and botanical insecticides against insect pests of bitter gourd i.e Whitefly Significant differences were observed among all the treatments as compared to untreated plot. Results revealed that Flonicamid 50WG (0.3g/l) was significantly better in minimizing the whitefly population, followed by Diafenthiuron 50WP (0.6g/l), Diptrex (Trichlo...
Joseph Oyiguh Abraham1, Cornelius Arome Omatola1*, Martin-Luther Oseni Okolo1, Ruth Foluke Aminu1, Emmanuel Edegbo1, Olubunmi Marvelous Emurotu1, Danjuma Muhammed2, Jesse Joseph Chock3, Helen Ojomachenwu Ocean4 and Yahaya Ocholi5
.... The age group 21-40 years demonstrated greater exposure to HBV (7.57%), HCV (0.37%), and HIV (1.17%) infection than the others. More male than female participants had HBV (3.3% vs. 2.4%). On the contrary, both genders were equally infected with HCV (0.2% vs. 0.2%), while more of the females had HIV (0.6% Vs. 0.0%). Nevertheless, neither gender nor age of exposure significantly influenced...
Yongtao Xu1, Dandan Wang1, Xiaolong Hu1, Minling Li1, Ming Tang1, Wuhua Liu2, Jianwen Zhan2 and Weiwei Zhang1*
...were amplified with universal primers and sequenced by high-throughput. We found that 28 out of 30 valid samples had a total of 677,856 valid amplified sequences with an average valid sequence of 24,209.14±323.83. A total of 326 OTUs were obtained from 28 valid samples, and the MP, SS, and NJS groups shared 222 OTUs, accounting for 68.09% of the total OTUs. OTUs alignment indicated that the forage plants of sika deer ...
Pankaj Gargotra1, Judith Betsy C1*, Cheryl Antony2 and Stephen Sampath Kumar J3
...23% C.P and fed to brooders for a period of 90 days. Fecundity, GSI, gonad histology, hormone (cortisol and progesterone) variations, breeding performance and growth parameters were recorded. Significant differences in the growth and breeding performance of female brooder under different treatments were noted. Among the selected vitamins, incorporation of vitamin C at 150 mg /kg of diet resulted in maximum mean weight gain (...
Rehana Shahida1, Shagufta Naz1*, Tasnim Farasat1, Saima Sharif1, Shah Jahan2 and Farkhanda Manzoor1
...ded. Demographic parameters as age, body mass index, waist/hip ratio, blood pressure, and socioeconomic status were recorded. Proatherogenic parameters like plasma glucose level, serum levels of insulin, thrombomodulin and IL-6 were measured by ELISA. The serum level of thrombomodulin was assessed as a measure of vascular damage. This study showed significantly elevated serum concentration of IL-6 and altered lipid profile i...
Amina1, Muhammad Zahid Rashid1*, Muhammad Asim Rashid2 and Amina Rashid2
...The unique fruit characters of new strawberry genotypes reveal their importance for the current and next breeding initiatives. The aim of present research was to assess the plant, flower and fruit characteristics of three exotic strawberry genotypes. In this respect, an experiment was conducted in the research area of the Horticultural Research Institute of Ayub Agricultural Research Institute, Faisalabad, Pakistan during the year of 2019-2021. Results reveale...
Riaz Alam1*, Muhammad Sajid2, Imtiaz Hussain3, Gulzar Ullah1, Hussain Shah3, Muhammad Arshad Farooq3 and Rashid Muhammad4
...nd Frontoio olive cultivars were assessed for quality attributes at various stages of harvesting, i.e., Lemon green, Semi-ripe and Ripe. The extracted oil from Manzanilla fruits has lower Peroxide Value (POV) (3.21 meq kg-1) with high chlorophyll (4.58 mg L-1) as well as Phenol (616.67 mg kg-1) contents. The extracted oil from Frontoio fruits exhibited a lower percentage of Free Fatty Acids (FFA) (0.43%) and a higher carotene content (2.70 mg L-1). These quali...
Muhammad Tahir Latif1*, Muzzammil Hussain1, Ali Zohaib2 and Ishtiaq Hassan3
...le to find out its adopters easily; therefore, twenty innovative farmers were included in sampling frame with non-probability sampling procedure for field survey as well as six field experiments were conducted in Gujranwala zone, Pakistan to evaluate four sowing techniques, i.e., CT, happy seeder, ridge sowing and SS with Randomized Complete Block Design. As compared to CT the SS has been estimated as resource conservation t...
Muhammad Nadeem1, Muhammad Naveed2,3*, Muhammad Shafiq2, Irfan Rasool2 and Muhammad Afzal Zahid2
...n: justify;">Over the years, a crop variety grown on the commercial scale and under different conditions becomes vulnerable to various kinds of issues involving both biotic and abiotic plant stresses, alone or in combinations. This demands their substitution with new and improved genotypes possessing higher productivity and inherent resistance/tolerance against yield-limiting stresses. In this context, this editorial reports the development of a new chickpea k...
Muhammad Usman1*, Muhammad Uzair Khalid2, Muhammad Hasnain3*, Muhammad Tauseef4, Ali Raza4, Muhammad Akram4, Muhammad Shahid4, Abrar Ahmad4, Muhammad Shoaib Ismail1, Rabia Afzal2, Atta-Ulla2 and Muhammad Hussnain Babar3
...ign (RCBD) with two factors on area of four-acre land was conducted. Further, four treatments have been adopted like hydro priming, osmo-priming, on-farm priming, and control under different tillage operations just like zero tillage, conventional tillage, deep tillage, and bed sowing. Result showed that osmo-priming is the best method to increase the plant height (94.74cm), tillers (311.49 m-2), spike length (10.18cm), numbe...
Anisa Muthia Fakhira1, Madihah Madihah1, Susi Susanah2, Erick Khristian3, Ratu Safitri1*
... pancreas, where it impairs its structure and function. The aims of this study is to ascertain the iron dosage that affects changes in pancreatic beta cell structure and fasting blood glucose levels in male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus). The study using 7 treatment groups with 4 replications. Iron dextran (ID) was administered intravenously in three 3-day intervals, with cumulative doses of 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 mg/kg BW, whether the control injected wi...
Eman Said El-Hadad*, Hesham Ahmed Madian, Mahmoud A.E. Hassan, Mohamed Fahmy Saad, Abdelghany M. El-Shhat, Entesar Zakaria Eliraqy
... 30 sexually mature ganders (local Egyptian male geese strain) with 10 months of age and 3.20±0.25 kg body weight was divided into three groups (10 birds/group). Ganders were kept under normal hot climate in summer of Egypt and fed ad libitum on a commercial mash diet (15.2% CP and ME of 2690 Kcal/kg). The control group (G1) was fed on a basal diet, while G2 and G3 were fed the basal diet with 0.2 and 0.4 g AR/kg, res...
Pramudya Andiana*, Moch. Geerhan Miraja Syahdan, Khothibul Umam Al Awwaly, Abdul Manab
...iance followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that different concentrations of the combination of bromelain and papain had a significant effect (P<0.01) on pH, soluble protein concentration, peptide concentration, degree of hydrolysis, IC50 of DPPH, reducing power, iron and copper chelating ability, and α-amylase inhibitory activity. CHP1 showed the best bioactivity with a DPPH IC50 value of 4.62 mg/ml, iron chelating abilit...
Tran Trung Tuan1,2, Nguyen Binh Truong1,2*
...ion of rice wine distillers’ by-product (RDB) on digestibility and nitrogen retention of goats. Four female goats, with an average initial body weight used in this experiment was 27.7±1.63 kg at about 10 months old. The experiment was designed as Latin Square with 4 treatments and 4 replications. The study composed of 4 periods. Each period lasted for 3 weeks with 2 weeks for adaptation, followed by 1 week for d...
Thobela Louis Tyasi*, Lebo Ngorima, Victoria Rankotsane Hlokoe
...ce, South Africa. The Pearson’s correlation findings displayed that egg weight (EW) had a highly positive remarkable association (P < 0.01) with egg length (EL), yolk weight (YW), egg width (EWD), albumen weight (AW), shell surface area (SSA), albumen ratio (AR) and egg volume (EV), and a highly negative remarkable relationship (P < 0.01) with Y/A. Stepwise results revealed that the model, including EV, AW, SSA, ...
Elly Roza*, Salam N. Aritonang, Yulia Yellita, Hilda Susanty, Rizqan
...d protein content in cow’s milk. Generally, the maintenance of dairy buffalo is still traditional, so the productivity of Murrah buffalo is still not optimal. This study aims to improve the health of Murrah buffalo by providing feed based on local forages to increase milk production. This research is an experimental study with the Latin Square Design (LSD), using four female Murrah buffaloes as research samples with the following feeding: P1 = basal feed...
Abdeljabbar Nassiri1, Mouloud Lamtai1*, Inssaf Berkiks1,2, Hajar Benmhammed1, Sidi Mohamed Coulibaly1,3, Miloud Chakit1, Laila Ibouzine-dine1, Abdelhalem Mesfioui1, Aboubaker El-Hessni1
...merous behavioral disorders in later life. In young adulthood, a single 24-hour period of MD has been proven to produce behavioral changes such as affective and cognitive disorders in rats. However, the short-term and long-term behavioral consequences of MD have not been examined in detail. Also, the mechanism by which MD causes these disorders is far from fully unde<...
Diky Ramdani1*, Dwi Cipto Budinuryanto1,2, Siti Darodjah Rasad1, Novi Mayasari3, Krisna Rizki Rismawan1, Muhammad Fajryanto Solihin1, Ririn Siti Rahmatillah1
...ADG of sheep without adversely affecting the total DMI compared to the control group. This suggested that PPS had the potential to serve as both a feed supplement and an anthelmintic agent.
Keywords | Coccidia, Paddy straw silage, Papaya peel silage, Priangan sheep, Performances; Strongylus sp.
...
Mahmoud Hamouda1*, Ahmed Al-Jazzar1, Fahad Al-Hizab1, Ahmed Azab2, Mohamed Al-Hammadi3
...t certain uterine disorders may play a significant role in female buffalo infertility. A total of 340 reproductive tracts of female buffaloes have a previous history of infertility was collected from different farms in Egypt through the period of two years. Uteri have been visually and manually inspected as well as examined bacteriologically and histologically. Several uterine lesions either external or internal were noted i...
Wael Halawa1, Raed M. Al-Atiyat2*, Jamal Abo Omar1, Faisal S. Rashaydeh3, Fath Ullah4, Shakirullah5 and Berkant Ismail Yildiz6
...20 to January 2021. Ewes’ parities were first, second, and third. After lambing, lambs were randomly distributed according to the suckling method into three groups: natural suckling (G1) (39 lambs), lambs fed completely with milk replacer (G2) (29 lambs), and lambs fed milk replacer at a rate of 4 times per day (G3) (29 lambs). In G1, lambs were 59% twins and 41% single lambs. Lambs from firs
Hossam F. Abou-Shaara
...als were compared. The first one contained yeast as protein source (yeast), the second one contained corn flour (corn flour), and the third one contained corn flour plus turmeric (turmeric). These pollen substitutes were presented to bee colonies beside sugar candy without any protein source as a control group. Some parameters were subsequently measured under apiary and laboratory conditions. All feeding types were attractiv...
Raza Ali Mangi1,2, Ali Raza Jahejo1,2, Afrasyab Khan1,2, Meng-li Qiao1,2, Muhammad Farhan Qadir1,2, Mazhar Hussain Mangi3, Shi-xiong Yang1,2, Xin-yu Han1,2, Sheng Niu1,2, Ding Zhang1,2, Ying Wang1,2 and Wen-xia Tian1,2*
...ttern recognition receptors (PRRs) play a significant role in the immune response. However, the function of HDR and PRRs in thiram induce TD chicken is not fully known yet. Therefore, this study was designed to evaluate the effect of recombinant glutathione-S-transferase A3 (rGSTA3) protein on HDR and PRRs in the thiram-induced TD chicken. One hundred twenty arbor acres (AA+) broiler chickens of seven-day-old were equally divided into six groups. Group A, B, a...
Xin-yu Han1,2, Afrasyab Khan1,2, Ali Raza Jahejo1,2, Qian-qing Cheng1,2, Meng-li Qiao1,2, Raza Ali Mangi1,2, Muhammad Farhan Qadir1,2, Ding Zhang1,2, Ying Wang1,2, Yu-hai Bi1,3, Rui-wen Fan1,2 and Wen-xia Tian1,2*
...stify;">Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are one of the important immunes signaling pathways that participate in the activation of host immune response after detecting microbial pattern molecules. Despite important expression profile TLRs genes in chicken erythrocytes, studies have been lacking. This study investigated the expression profile of TLRs pathway immune gene in chicken erythrocytes in response to Mycoplasma synoviae. The purpose of the current in-vitro st...
Effects of Flight Disturbance on Bird Communities at Airports: Predatory Birds Rise to the Challenge
Jiaojiao Wang, Wei Liu, Qingqian Lin and Jianhua Hou*
... the composition and diversity of airport bird communities on flight and non-flight days were investigated using a line transect sampling method at the eastern airport of Hebei Province from June to August, 2019. In total, 36 species belonging to 11 orders and 22 families of birds were recorded. Disturbances such as noise from aircraft flights affected the number of species and the individual density and dive
Phoebe Lyndia Tolentino Llantada1,2*, Midori Umekawa2, Shuichi Karita2
...erences in bacterial diversity, density, and banding patterns along the gut of buffaloes. Higher bacterial diversity, density, and banding patterns were observed in the foregut and hindgut as compared with the midgut. PCR-DGGE fingerprints further revealed that samples from the foregut and hindgut shared similar banding patterns. Although the midgut was the least diverse segment, there wer...
Suhad Mohmmed Alrobyrai1 , Falah Muosa Al-Rekabi2*
...weight, biochemical markers (ALT, GGT, PT, INR), and liver histopathology. After 30 days, G5 showed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in body weight (29.2±1.32) compared to the positive control (20.8±1.2). After withdrawal, G5 displayed a significant (P ≤ 0.05) increase in body weight(31.4±1.17) compared to all other experimental groups G1(29.2±0.37),G2(25.8±2.4), G3(25.0±1.38) and G4(27.2±1.02). Positive ...
Frennada Lu’fatul Azizah1, Osfar Sjofjan2*, Eko Widodo2
... 0.05) for the feed conversion ratio (FCR) and performance index (IP) of broiler chickens. In summary, the use of different BSF oils has the potential to be employed as a natural feed additive for broiler chickens.
Keywords | Alternative growth promoters, Black soldier flies, Broiler chickens, Feed conversion ratio, Growth performance
...
Yude M Yusuf1,2, Rudy Priyanto1*, Jakaria1
...ysis, followed by Duncan’s multiple range test. The parameters analyzed were body weight (BW), chest circumference (CC), body length (BL), and shoulder height (SH) at birth, weaning (205 days), and yearling (365 days). The principal component analysis was performed to find the specific identifier characteristic among the genotypes. As a result, BB cattle’s BW, CC, and BL were s...
Ruth Dameria Haloho1*, Jisril Palayukan1, Agus Setiadi2, Edy Rianto2, Nadlirotun Luthfi3
...e of the production factors on the profit of the buffalo farming business used in funeral ceremony in West Sulawesi Province. This study used a survey method. The locations were selected by purposive random sampling for the highest population of buffalo. One hundred buffalo farmers were taken as respondents by a multistage random sampling method. The data were obtained by observation and direct interviews the farme
Hilwah Nora1,2, Rajuddin2*, Hafizuddin3, Rachmad Suhanda4, M. Fathurrahman5
...rmatozoa quality parameters, morphology, and morphometry of testes and seminal vesicles that have never been reported. The main objective of this research is to examine the effects of curcumin on several aspects of reproduction and determine the optimal dose for using curcumin as an antifertility agent. The test animals in this study were Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) three-month-old males weighing 300 g. Rats were acclimatized for 7 days and given standard ...
Alif Rahman Rohim Puarada*, Safika, Agustin Indrawati
...e (AMR) genes within diverse microbiota components has garnered increasing attention due to its profound consequences. Recent investigations have revealed the presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria among wild bird species in remote habitats, suggesting the potential for these avian populations to serve as reservoirs and sources for emergent AMR profiles. Recognizing the critical role of wildlife in AMR dynamics this study...
Roni Pazla1, Mardiati Zain1*, Fauzia Agustin1, Yetti Marlida1, Zaituni Udin2, Jaswandi2, Masrizal2, Hendri2, Windu Negara3, Totti Tjiptosumirat3, Ezi Masdia Putri3, Multiviza Muslim4
...uctivity of Pesisir heifers. We evaluated consumption, nutrient digestibility, production performance, and the percentage of first estrous in sixteen heifers at 12-15 m and averaging 100.09 kg in a randomized block design with a 2 x 2 x 4 factorial pattern, where factor A represented crude protein, and factor B represented the TDN level of the ration. The treatment combinations were A1B1 (...
Roni Pazla1, Mardiati Zain1*, Fauzia Agustin1, Yetti Marlida1, Zaituni Udin2, Jaswandi2, Masrizal2, Hendri2, Windu Negara3, Totti Tjiptosumirat3, Ezi Masdia Putri3, Multiviza Muslim4
...uctivity of Pesisir heifers. We evaluated consumption, nutrient digestibility, production performance, and the percentage of first estrous in sixteen heifers at 12-15 m and averaging 100.09 kg in a randomized block design with a 2 x 2 x 4 factorial pattern, where factor A represented crude protein, and factor B represented the TDN level of the ration. The treatment combinations were A1B1 (...
Babi Kyi Soe1*, Toe Win Naing2, Su Lai Yee Mon1, Nay Chi Nway3, Hiroshi Sato4
...impact on livestock farmers with major economic constraints and eventually threaten human health in cases of zoonotic species involvement. Therefore, our study aimed to identify Anaplasma spp. infection in a bovine host using both microscopy and molecular techniques. A total of 59 samples were collected from Mingaladon township, Yangon region, and the presence of infection was assessed using a Giemsa-stained thin blood smear and PCR of 16S rRNA gene amplificat...
Junita Mayasari, Vira Oktavia, Indri Juliyarsi, Ade Sukma, Sri Melia*
... and E (1%). The parameters observed in this study were total titrated acid, pH, dietary fiber content, water content, protein content, viscosity, total lactic acid bacteria, and organoleptic tests. The results showed that adding porang flour to fermented goat milk significantly (P<0.05) decreased the total lactic acid bacteria total titrated acid increased the pH value, dietary fiber content, water content, viscosity, texture value, and color value. Still,...
Ida Indrayani*, Andi Andri, Tevina Edwin
... enterprises. The farmer’s capability to provide animal feed, especially forage by utilizing agricultural and plantation waste becomes an essential factor in developing a sustainable beef cattle business. We aimed to determine the potential for beef cattle development, and analyze the index and sustainability status based on four sustainable dimensions. We collected data from 60 beef cattle farmers in Pesisir Selatan R...
Sepri Reski*, Maria Endo Mahata, Montesqrit, Ridho Kurniawan Rusli
...temperatures without adversely affecting their physical quality.
Keywords | Quail egg, Seaweed, Storage, Temperature, Turbinaria murayana
...
Irfan Ullah1, Asad Ullah2*, Tahira Tayyeb1, Rafiq Ullah1, Muhammad Hanif1, Faiza Khan3, Imad Khan2, Raheela Taj4, Fatima Syed4, Shumaila Gul5, Muhammad Sadeeq6, Muneeb Islam7, Arsalan Khan8 and Khudija Ghani9
...s in biochemical parameters of broiler chicken under dexamethasone (DEX) induced stress. The day old, two hundred (n=200) chicks were bought from commercial hatchery and randomly divided into five groups with eight replicas(n=5) in each group. Broiler chickens were fed with starter and finishing commercial corn based basal diet (BD) with different doses of inorganic Selenium (Se) powder. Group-A was kept negative control provided with BD twice a day. Group-B w...
Abdul Haseeb1, Yasir Iftikhar1, Muhammad Ahmad Zeshan1*, Safdar Ali2, Rana Binyamin3, Salman Ghuffar4 and Muhammad Usman Ghani5,6
...w, sweet orange, feutral’s early, grape fruit and sweet lime, both in healthy and declining orchards. Whitehead and Hemming tray method was used for the isolation of T. semipenetrans which showed that the population was low in declining orchards as compared to the population densities found in healthy orchards. Kinnow was the most infested by nematode with mean population 1161 while sweet orange was the least infested with 595 nematodes, in all localitie...
Moazama Batool1*, Saima Naz2*, Ghulam Abbas3, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha4, Mamoona Mahmood1, Asma Aziz1 and Fatima Yasmin2
... and biochemical parameters in the Labeo rohita (Rohu: Hamilton, 1822). Freshwater fishes Labeo rohita, (n = 60), with body weight (70– 120 g), were randomly divided into four experimental groups Treatment T1, Treatment T2 and Treatment T3 (0.44mg/l, 0.89mg/l, and 1.34 mg/l), while the fourth group (T0) served as a control (0.00mg/l). Sampling was done on 7, 14 and 21- day. Results showed significant increase in WBC (white blood cell), whereas red blood ...
M. Imran Kasana, Rashid Iqbal Khan*, Noor Ullah Khan, M. Noman, Shahid Ali, Saima Mumtaz, Shamaila Rasheed and M. Qamar-Uz-Zaman
... a pressure on avocado nursery production. Generally, avocado has been propagated through seed production that led to variability among off-spring and long juvenile period. Therefore, asexual propagation via grafting is the most appropriate method for producing high-quality, true to type plants. The current study was planned to evaluate four different grafting techniques (Cleft, Tongue, Patch and T-budding) in ten different cultivars
Wali Muhammad Mangrio1*, Hakim Ali Sahito1, Faheem Ahmed Jatoi1 and Fahmeeda Imdad Sahito2
...ust zone of Lemon cultivars with rich productivity. The research study was carried out to study the economic feasibility and production potential of Lemons from five respective talukas of District Naushahro Feroze-Sindh, 2021. The maximum per hectare net return and benefit-cost ratio from taluka Kandiaro in PKR, was calculated at net profit Rs; (228998/ha), (1.70), in pesticide applied module and (197065/ha), (2.74), non-pesticide module with net income follow...
Wahid Hussein El-Dabae*, Eman Shafeek Ibrahim, Eslam Gaber Sadek, Mai Mohamed Kandil
...th time (MDT) was 120 hours and infectvity titer was 7 log10 EID50/ml compared to 1.97 ICPI, 36 hours MDT, and 9.5 log10 EID50/ml of the original strain. The attenuated AOAV-1 was protective in vaccinated chicks by means of HI antibody response and protection from heterologus virulent challenge while showing little to no residual pathogencity. Histopathological inspection showed less severe pathological lesions in vaccinated...
Diding Latipudin*, Chitra Kumalasari, Lovita Adriani
...robiotic impact on broilers health as measured by uric acid, blood urea nitrogen, and blood creatinine. The study was conducted at Test Farm Animal Husbandry Faculty, Universitas Padjadjaran, from 6 August to 6 September 2019. A total of 100 day-old-chick were randomly assigned to five treatments and four replications using Completely Randomized Design. Dried probiotics used cow&rs...
Aalaa S. Saad1*, Amira A. Elokle2, Dalia Y. Youssef2, Neven M. Omara2, Samr Kassem3
...Ps and the PDI (polydispersity index) was 0.09 and 0.58, respectively. TEM imaging showed uniformity and ranging in size from 13.1 to 17.6 nm and 15.6 to 19.5 nm for CS-NPs and CS-LZ-NPs, respectively. In the SRB (sulforhodamine B) assay, CS-NPs, and CS-LZ-NPs showed no toxicity at concentrations ranging from 50 to 450 µg/mL for both nanoparticles. The MIC of CS-NPS and CS-LZ-NPS were 2.5 mg/mL and 0.312 mg/mL, respectively. As well, the number of viable...
Sara Brikat, Mouloud Lamtai*, Miloud Chakit, Laila Ibouzine-Dine, Ilhame Fitah, Oumaima Abouyaala, Abdelhalem Mesfioui, Aboubaker El Hessni
Ahmed K. Fahd*, Ali H. Saliem
...g/kg B.W). The hot plate’s outcomes showed that the animals treated with apigenin significantly increased in time than with diclofenac. The number of writhes in both apigenin and diclofenac-treated groups has been significantly reduced in the acetic acid test when compared to the control. The formalin test revealed that both apigenin and diclofenac-treated groups reported significantly lower flinches and licks than the control. For the tail-flick test, t...
Zahid I. Mohammed
.... So, this calls for understanding the factors that affect the quality of goat meat to guarantee its acceptability on the part of the consumer. The current study was conducted at many private farms in Baquba city from December 2022 until February 2023 to assess the impacts of Spirulina supplement on several physiological and biochemical traits in Black Iraqi kids. A total of 28 male kids aged 4-5 months, with body weight 18....
Shirina Akter Toma1, Shah Ahmed Belal2, Md Abdul Baset3, Md Nazim Uddin3*
...l requirement for consumers. We aimed to assimilate the physicochemical properties of drumstick, wing, thigh, and breast meat of commercially spent hens and broilers. The commercial spent hens (n=30) and broilers (n=30) were slaughtered at market age (306 days spent hen and 28 days broiler). The thigh, drumstick, breast, and wing muscles from both sides of the carcasses were separated. The...
Eluzia A. Barus*, Khansa N. Salsabilah, Achmad Firman, Linda Herlina
...to increase the business’ income. This research was conducted using the survey method at Camara Farm, Cigendel Village, Pamulihan District, Sumedang Regency, in October 2023. Data collection consisted of primary and secondary data obtained using the interview method. Based on the research results, Camara Farm’s average total production cost per period for a year was Rp. 2,342,573,664. The average revenue per prod...
Munifah Siti Amira Yusuf1, Norsida Man2*, Nur Bahiah Mohamed Haris1, Ismi Arif Ismail3, Siaw Shin Yee1 and Tengku Halimatun Sa’adiah T Abu Bakar1,4
... of SMART-PLS software version 3.0. Findings revealed a positive association between all CIPP factors and Effectiveness. These findings showed that the DOA should prioritise process and product as the agriculture extension provider (stakeholders). This study suggests that policymakers should improve the implementation of urban agriculture programs in con...
Muhammad Qazzafi Khan1, Iqtidar Hussain1, Ejaz Ahmad Khan1, Sara Zafar2*, Zuhair Hasnain3* and Moneeza Abbas4
... carried out in Pakistan’s Dera Ismail Khan (KPK) at the Arid Zone Research Centre. During 2017-18 on seventeen wheat Varieties/advance lines (C-2014, PR 112, A-2014, DN-84, PR 105, Atta Habib, KT 2000, Shahkar-2013, Pak-2013, Dharabi 011, PS 2005, Tatara, Lalma-2013, Zam-04, Chakwal-50, Hashim-08, Yarik) to compare their yield performance by delay sowing in season under rainfed condition. Sowing of wheat in rainfed area of Dera Ismail khan often depends...
Yaseen1, Asad Ullah2*, Imad Khan2, Maryam Begum3, Sumbal Bibi3, Umber3, Namra3, Abbas Khan4, Shumaila Gul5 and Raheela Taj6
...-biodegradable and are persistently present in environment leading to environmental pollution. These chemicals eventually reach aquatic bodies and cause various histopathological, hematological, bio-chemical and enzymatic alterations in the bodies of aquatic organisms, especially fish, leading to huge economic loss. Consumption of the affected fishes also poses a serious health threat to humans. Pakistan being an agricultural country uses a variety of pesticid...
Shahid Iqbal1, Arshad Khan, Ali Hazrat1*, Gul Rahim, Mohammad Ihsan1, Umar Zad Gul1, Maryam Bibi1, Khadija Bibi1 and Muhammad Mukhtiar2
...12 morphological parameters were recorded, of which 3 of them were qualitative characters: leaf colors, seed coat color, and seed shape. For quantitative trait, the maximum coefficient of variance (0.95%) was found in petiole length, biomass per plant (0.49%), and pod per plant (0.41%), whereas the minimum coefficient of variance showed by leaf width (0.25%), followed by leaf length (0.27%...
Zhenglei Qiao*, Jie Xing and Fang Li
... total of 16,966 base pairs, including 13 protein-coding genes, 22 transport RNA genes, two ribosomal RNA genes, and one control region. The A+T content (59.7%) of the whole mitochondrial genome was greater than the G+C content (40.3%), indicating an obvious A+T preference. The mitochondrial genome of P. stoliczkana is similar to that of most teleost fish, and no gene rearrangements were detected. The phylogenetic relationship tree of Smiliogastrinae fish was ...
Tayfun Karatas1*, Betul Apaydın Yıldırım2 and Serkan Yıldırım3
...in all the above parameters. As a result, we have shown that 100 mg of tea leaf extract is more effective in preventing harmful effects on blood biochemistry (AST and ALT), oxidative stress, immunity, apoptosis, histopathology and DNA damage caused by CMN....
Aniqa Qaisar, Shabana Naz* and Sajida Arooj
...ere collected as indicators to estimate the heavy metals pollution in the environment of captive P. cristatus. Cr. Pb, Ni, Co and Mn were identified through atomic absorption spectrophotometer. The highest accumulation of heavy metals was found in feed samples followed by fecal matter as compared to water and soil samples in all the sites. Cr was found highly abundant in all sites than other metals. The highest heavy metal pollution was observed in Wildlife Pa...
Sijie Jian1,2,3,4, Wei Sun1,3, Jia Chao1,2, Na Rong1,4, Xiang Liu1,2,3,4* and Chen Chen1,2,3,4*
... the immune-related factors of LZM and AKP were enhanced (p < 0.05), and a specific antiserum titer (1: 3200) was obtained that had immune recognition effects for A. hydrophila and P. fluorescens. Passive immunization of Carassius auratus with Slp mouse serum and challenging with bacteria showed a passive protection rate of Slp serum against A. hydrophila infection of 42.5 % (p < 0.05) and a passive cross-protection rate against P. fluorescens of 18.6 %;...
Kenyum Lollen1, Judith Betsy C1*, Cheryl Antony2 and Stephen Sampath Kumar J3
... spermatological parameters of induced and non-induced C. carpio was documented for a period of 7 months. Further, the non-induced milt was stored for 24 h at three dilution ratio (1:10, 1:20 and 1:40) and spermatological parameters were analysed. Then the milt was cryopreserved with the best dilution ratio using 3 freezing protocols with two step cooling profile in programmable freezer. The spermatological properties of mil...
Sudip Kumar Sharma1, Al-Nur Md. Iftekhar Rahman1,2, Mahfuzul Islam1,3*
...health hazard to pet owners through the transmission of zoonotic diseases. This study aimed to investigate the disease prevalence and drug use among pet dogs at the Central Veterinary Hospital (CVH) in Bangladesh. Ninety (90) pet dogs that were brought to the CVH were the subjects of a two-month cross-sectional prospective study that took place between July and August of 2022. Patient owners&rs
Perinçek Seçkinozan Seker
...ributing to a better understanding of the phylogenetic position and evolutionary history of Turkish roe deer, mitochondrial DNA sequence data belonging to a population from Artvin, Turkey were introduced by this study. The cytochrome b (cyt b) and cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) genes of mitochondrial DNA belonging to the four samples of Capreolus capreolus were partially sequenced and analyzed alongside the sequences obtained from GenBank. The cyt b and ...
Aatif Masood Ahmad Khan1, Masood Rabbani1*, Arfan Ahmad1, Muhammad Wasim2 and Sohail Raza1
...m belonged to page serovars B. Among the media evaluated for growth of the isolated strain BHI/SN appeared to be the optimum media supporting the maximum growth rate and providing the maximum cfu count and the highest value of specific growth rate during the exponential phase of bacterial growth curve were obtained at 8 h. Thus the current study demonstrates that diagnostic approach using direct swab samples for the detection of Av. paragallinarum was found to...
Nusrat Bano1, Muhammad Tayyab1*, Bushra Muneer2, Sehrish Firyal1, Abu Saeed Hashmi3, Muhammad Wasim1 and Ali Raza Awan1
... and biochemical parameters in dengue patients for the quick diagnosis and detection of dengue stage for the proper treatment of infection. This cross-sectional study was conducted at Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore and Jinnah Hospital Lahore (JHL) from January to December 2013. Total 345 clinically suspected patients reporting to JHL were serologically diagno...
Rahib Ali Chachar1, Asghar Ali Kamboh1* and Manatbai Bakhetgul2
...relative weight of the bursa was higher (p<0.05) in the T1 and T3 groups as compared to T0 and T2 groups. All treated groups exhibited significantly high (p < 0.01) total bacterial count, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium count as compared to the control group (T0). Whereas, E. coli and Salmonella count was found significantly lower (p < 0.01) in treated groups as compared to the control group. Hemoglobin and erythrocyte count was higher (p < 0.05)...
Lijuan Liu1, Jinghang Chen2*, Min Wang3 and Wei Li4
...l experience guidance. Personalized customization of candidate pharmaceuticals to fulfill the needs of inhalation treatment using prodrug technology is now an alternate method of inhalation drug development. This article examines the use of prodrug technology in inhalation administration throughout the last 20 years. These studies discovered that: esterification modification or prodrug technology combined with macromolecular...
Shamsa Jabeen and Javed Iqbal Qazi*
...ave been used as indicators for muscle damage. The aim of the current study was to determine the effect of Lactobacillus rhamnosus administration on CK and LDH levels in the serum of mice following extensor digitorium longus (EDL) muscle grafting. Blood from the intact control as well as experimental and EDL muscle grafted mice was secured on day 3, 5, 7 and 14 post-transplantations. CK activity of control and EDL muscle grafted mice with probiotics showed 157...
Muhammad Azhar1,2, Rida Ahmad3*, Bushra Nisar Khan3 and Zahra Hussain3
...">Hematochemical parameters are often used by veterinarians to assess the health status of animals. The information on blood parameters of African lions (Panthera leo) is scarce in Pakistan, this research was conducted on captive African Lions kept at Safari Zoo, Lahore to see their blood profile. The hemato-chemical parameters included white blood cells (WBCs), hemoglobin (HGB), hematocri...
Waseem Abbas1, Dildar Hussain Kalhoro1*, Hasina Baloch1, Muhammad Abubakar3, Muhammad Saleem Kalhoro1, Neluma Wali2, Mazhar Hussain Mangi1, Azhar Ali Laghari4, Shahid Hussain Abro1, Rani Wagan1 and Mehkar Hussain5
...prevalence and risk factors of brucellosis were recorded during this study. Confirmation of Brucella abortus in serum was carried out using Rose Bengal plate test (RBPT) and indirect enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (I-ELISA). Seroprevalence at district Gilgit was recorded 6.66% in cows and 6.66% in yak while it was 3.33% in zo. Seroprevalence at Nagar district was recorded as 43.33% in cows and13.33% in yak while it was 10% in zo. The overall prevalence at d...
Rogia SA Gomez*, Said H Mbaga
...t>. ...
Fazal Ur Rehman1*, Saeeda Fatehullah1, Ayaz Qadir1, Suleman Ahmad2, Siddique Usman2, Muhammad Asif2, Mukhtiar Ahmed1, Sunaina Rafi3, Muhammad Mohsin2, Ayesha Amanullah4, Faisal Shahzad2, Hasnain Raza2
... or breed with 1 to 3 years of age presented at University Outdoor Clinic which required anal sacculectomy. All the animals were categorized into two equal groups i.e. group-A and group-B. Group A underwent open anal sacculectomy and group 2 closed anal sacculectomy. To compare surgical techniques, various hemato-biochemical, physiological parameters and post-operative complications were e...
Rondius Solfaine1, Faisal Fikri2, Salipudin Tasil Maslamama3, Muhammad Thohawi Elziyad Purnama4, Iwan Sahrial Hamid5*
...evere inflammation. Conversely, in the group treated with Lactobacillus acidophilus, tissue damage was inhibited, demonstrating the protective effect of the probiotic. Lactobacillus acidophilus effectively mitigated lung, liver, and duodenal damage by reducing the expressions of TNF-α and IL-1β in mice.
Keywords | Canine coronavirus, TNF-α, IL-1β, Lactobacillus acidophilus
...
Huda S.J1*, Nasr T.M1, Mohanad A. Al-Bayati2
...w. Hematological parameters were analyzed in the blood samples that were collected from a rabbit. The outcomes of the hematological profile before and after hemorrhagic corrections were Hemorrhagic group RBC 5.96±0.11 x 106/mm³, WBC 6.35±1.04 x 103/mm³, PCV 33.02±6.28%, Hb 11.19 ± 0.88 g/dl and Platelet count were295.11±10.73 x 103/mm³, corrected as compared with treated group RBC 6.61± 0.54 /mm3, WBC6.5...
Faris Sahib Imran1*, Layth Hamzah Merzah2, Mohammed Mohsin Kareem3
...tify;">Ceratophyllum demersum, commonly known as coontail or hornwort, is a submerged aquatic plant native to many parts of the world. C. demersum is used in aquaria and pond gardens for its fast growth rateability to improve water quality by excess nutrients, and toxins, and can be included in the sheep diet as a protein source at certain levels. The study was conducted in Karbala province, using the Al-Husseiniya River as ...
Ghaith Z. Hasan Al-Askari *, Eman H. Yousif Al-Taee
...ethods included in the first experiment, the female rats were orally administered the following lethal doses: 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 mg/kg b.w. of vitamin D. Survival and mortality numbers were observed following 24 hours of intoxication. In the second experiment, the selected groups were divided according to the doses they received. In a c...
Kalsoom Abdulrazaq1*, Bisma Arif1, Rimsha Mehboob2, Asma Mehboob3
... contaminated food. Vectors, such as mosquitoes or ticks, play a role in the transmission of diseases like West Nile fever and Lyme disease, respectively. Several factors impact diseases caused by zoonoses, and the convergence model classifies these components into major areas, including the interaction between domestic animals, wild animals, and human influences; ecological and biological factors
Moazama Batool1*, Saima Naz2*, Sheeza Bano1, Sadia Nazir3, Ghulam Abbas4, Ahmad Manan Mustafa Chatha5, Maria Lateef2 and Fatima Yasmin2
...ndings contribute to understanding the differential responses of Catla catla and Labeo rohita to the toxic effects of lead, nickel, and cadmium mixture....
Zaryab Murad1*, Sobia Bibi1, Shehr e Yar Ahmad1, Mohsin Ali Khan1, Rimsha Sadaf2, Mauz ul Haq1, Umair Manan1 and Muhammad Younas2
...t experiment at The University of Agriculture Peshawar demonstrates biochar’s effectiveness in stabilizing heavy metals in soil and reducing rice plant uptake rates. All the pots were filled with 10 Kg of soil and were spiked with 20 mg kg-1 of Cd. CdNO3 was used as the source of Cd, and biochar amendment effectively stabilized soil toxic metals. The treatments in the present research were followed as (1, 2...
Oybek A.Abduganiev1, Erkinjon B.Shakarboev2*
...era, 22 families, 13 orders, 4 classes and 3 phyla were identified in predatory fish from bodies of water in the middle course of the Syrdarya River. By their life cycle, 24 of the species recorded in predatory fish are biohelminths and 11 geohelminths. The helminths were recorded in predatory fish in the following proportions: Trematoda – 31.4%, Cestoda – 28.5%, Acanthocephala – 8.5% and Nematoda – 3...
Wafa’a Mohammad Abduwhab1*, Waseem Ali Hasan2, Mohanad Abdulsataar AL-Bayati3*
...lign: justify;">The conversion of regular pumpkin seed oil into a nanotechnology-driven composition involves encapsulating Lidocaine within the phytosome structure of the oil. This process aims to bolster its physical resilience and therapeutic advantages while mitigating potential adverse reactions. The central objective of this research centers on assessing the curative impacts of the in...
Taghreed Jabbar Humadai*, Bushra Ibrahim AL-Kaisei
...into three groups: The first group: Consisted of 20 rats control were given distilled water and normal rat pellet, the second group: Consisted of 20 rats injected weekly 0.5µg /kg. b.w. by I/P route which represented 1/20 LD50 of tetrodotoxin, the third group: It also consisted of 20 rats injected weekly 1 µg /kg. b.w. by I/P route which represented 1/10 LD50 of tetrodotoxin. At the end of experiment (90 days) all animals were scarified for study t...
Feri Eko Hermanto1, Yuli Frita Nuningtyas1, Filoza Marwi1, Fajar Shodiq Permata2, Agus Susilo1, Muhammad Halim Natsir1*
...ucts as potential enhancers of intestinal health through immune system modulation. Teak Leaves, Turmeric, and Ginger have emerged as promising feed additives for fortifying the mucosal immune system in broiler chickens. However, understanding how these herbs confer protective effects remains challenging, given the intricate nature of mucosal immunity and its role in maintaining gut health. This study adopts a network biologi...
Ediset1*, Jaswandi2, Fuad Madarisa1, Amrizal Anas1, Rizqan2
...ion is 100 buffalo breeders who have adopted the AI. innovation. In comparison, the number of samples determined by the Proportional Sampling technique is 50 breeders from 5 sub-districts in Padang Pariaman Regency. Data analysis was carried out in a quantitative descriptive manner, namely the adoption rate of A.I. was measured by the percentage of adoption, and the success rate of A.I. was measured by calculating Service Pe...
Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory1*, Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi2, Majeed Ajafar1, Nihad Abdul-Lateef Ali1
...respectively. All groups’ chicks were exposed to heat stress (30-35-30 °C) during the breeding period. Our results showed a significant increase (p ≤ 0.01) for the G5 group in live body weight (LBW) and cumulative weight gain (W.G.). The study compared the feed intake (F.I.) and relative growth rate (RGR) of this group with those of other groups. It found a significant improvement in feed intake (F.I.) for all melatonin additions. When comparing t...
Nadya Indriyani1, Sri Murtini2*, Sri Darwati3, Cece Sumantri3
...statistical method of Pearson correlation analysis. The results of IgY examination in men aged 27 weeks were 9.49 ± 1.37 mg/mL and IgY in women 9.36 ± 2.89 mg/mL. AbNDV ages 0 and 2 weeks at 1.34±0.95 and 1,370.95 LOG 2 GMT. At the age of 12 weeks, the body weight of IPB-D3 chickens of G4 males is higher than that of G3 males, which is 1021.44±60.05 grams with a CV of 17.01%. Total egg production in a day in the age range of 29-40 w...
Urip Rosani1*, Iman Hernaman1, Rahmat Hidayat1, Darmawan Hidayat2
...tween ultrasonic parameters (attenuation and velocity) and the nutrient content (crude fiber and lignin) of rice bran containing different rice husks. Based on the results of research, there is a strong relationship between ultrasonic parameters and the nutrient content of rice bran containing various rice husks. The positive correlation between attenuation with crude fibre is 0.975, and attenuation with lignin is 0.965. The...
Kashif Abdaal, Aneeza Batool, Muhammad Tariq Navid*, Saeed Ahmed, Asma Saleem Qazi, Waseem Safdar, Haidar Ali, Mobeen Ur Rashid, Somia Rafaqat
...crucial for addressing persistent infections including the challenging ones like malaria and tuberculosis and exploring their potential applications in non-infectious conditions like Alzheimer’s. Traditional vaccines such as: live attenuated and inactivated have long been treated as effective against infectious diseases. However, recent advancements in vaccine development strategies including mRNA- and recombinant DNA ...
ISHRAT FATIMA1, MOAZZAM JAMIL1, AZHAR HUSSAIN1*, MUHAMMAD ZAHID MUMTAZ2, MUHAMMAD LUQMAN1, SAJID HUSSAIN3, SAIF UR REHMAN KASHIF4 & MAQSHOOF AHMAD1
...rowth, and yield parameters were collected and statistically analyzed. Results showed that inoculation of ZSB strains significantly increased these attributes of okra. Inoculation of strain Bacillus sp. ZM20 followed by Bacillus aryabhattai ZM31 was significantly more effective among the tested ZSB strains. Strain Bacillus sp. ZM20 improved relative water contents up to 17%, chlorophyll a and b up to 67 and 71%, respectively, plant height up to 30%, shoot fres...
MUHAMMAD ASLAM1*, ZAHRA NOREEN2, AMINA ASGHAR1, ABRAR HUSSAIN2, RASHAD MEHMOOD3, MUHAMMAD USMAN KHAN4, KAYNAT SALEEM5, MUHAMMAD TAHIR HUSSAIN6* & ASMA CHAUDHARY7
...lobal reactivity parameters were explored using the energy of frontier molecular orbitals. Natural bond orbital analysis has been carried out at B3LYP/6-311+G(d,p) level of theory to discover hyper conjugative interaction and stability of the title molecule. Moreover, the product showed the reverse urease inhibition activity....
LAILA SHAHZAD*1, ARIFA TAHIR2 & FAIZA SHARIF3
... assess the local people’s perception of changing climate and to link it with meteorological data in the mid hills of Tehsil Balakot, KPK Pakistan. Using mix method approach of interviews and questionnaire, data was collected from 200 randomly selected households. Temperature data of 30 years 1985 to 2014 showed that there is an overall decrease in mean minimum annual temperature by a factor of 0.0024 for each year whe...
ZOHAIB SAEED1, SHAHID IQBAL*1, UMER YOUNAS1,2, MUHAMMAD PERVAIZ*3, SYED MOHSIN ALI NAQVI3 & RANA RASHAD MAHMOOD KHAN3
...n of biochemical parameters like chlorophyll content, carotenoid content, and protein content along with total biomass of the plant showed that the soil mixed with 20% sewage sludge showed maximum growth of the plant. Meanwhile, antioxidants like TPC, Ascorbic acid content and antioxidant potential (DPPH, ABTS, FRAP) were also measured and maximum values were found in 20% to 40% of sewage sludge. Hence, sewage sludge may be exploited for the useful purposes in...
ZARYAB KHALID SIAL & FARAH KHAN
MADIHA AFTAB1, ARIFA TAHIR*1, TAYYABA ASIM1 & IRFANA MARYAM2
.... Eleven different inducers were evaluated but FeSO4.7H2O showed maximum enzyme production (2156±0.57 U/mL/min). By using these statistical techniques more than 13 folds increase in enzyme yield (4022±0.25 U/mL/min) was observed. It is concluded that cultural conditions have great influence on enzyme production and enzyme yield could be enhanced by using advanced statistical techniques....
ZAFAR IQBAL KHAN1*, KAFEEL AHMAD1, KHALID NAWAZ2, MUHAMMAD NADEEM3, ASMA ASHFAQ1,
BABAR MUNIR1, HAFSA MEMOONA3, MADIHA SANA3, FARZANA SHAHEEN1, NAUNAIN MEHMOOD4, HIRA MUQADAS4, MAHPARA SHEZADI5, IJAZ RASOOL NOORKA6, HUMAYUN BASHIR1,
MUDASRA MUNIR1, ILKER UGULU7 & YUNUS DOGAN7
...tural area enforced farmers to use industrial effluent and domestic wastewater for irrigation purpose. Ramzan sugar mill industry located at Chiniot discharges high amount of effluent which is used by farmers for irrigation purpose. Current experiment was conducted in Sargodha, Punjab, Pakistan to assess the level of different heavy metals such as Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn in wheat variety (Chagi-4) irrigated with varying quantity o...
Cis-acting regulatory elements and transcription factors as a key regulator in plant gene expression
HIRA MUBEEN1, 2*, AMMARA NASEEM1, AMMARA MASOOD2, SHAHID RAZA3 & NAUREEN NAEEM3
...CRE), transcription factors (TFs) and promoters. Cis-acting elements are actually specific class of DNA binding proteins that act at particular site of DNA. Promoters are part of DNA fragment essential for transcriptional regulation of genes with certain transcription factors. These transcription factors could be usefu...
IRFANA IQBAL1*, PAKEEZA TANWEER1, FARKHANDA MANZOOR1, MUHAMMAD NAUMAN AFTAB2, AFSHAN KALEEM3, ROHEENA ABDULLAH3, ASMA ZAFAR4 & MEHWISH IQTEDAR3
...al honey samples for 48 hrs. The filter discs were placed on the agar plates seeded with the individual bacteria. Solitary effect of antibiotic discs (Ciprofloxacin, Imipenem, Ceftriaxone, Amikacin, and Vancomycin) and their synergistic effect were also studied. No bacterial growth showed resistance to honey at any concentration when used individually or in combination with antibiotic although bacteria showed resistance to Ciprofloxacin and Ceftriaxone. Brassi...
NAILA MALKANI*, IRFAN ISHAQUE, KHALID SHAHBAZ, RIZWAN ULLAH KHAN, ARIFA SHABBIR & ATIF YAQUB
...onally captured from rivers but due to their increasing demand fresh water fish culture is gaining popularity. The environmental changes in natural aquatic bodies due to ever-increasing input of pollutants in them adversely affect fish populations and also the pollutants get bio-accumulated in the aquatic food chain. The present study was undertaken to compare selected health parameters of...
AAMIR MAHMOOD1, ZAHOOR AHMAD SAJID* & SHEZA AYAZ KHILJI2
... and biochemical parameters. Production of antioxidant compounds under salt stress is accelerated under the influence of SA. So it causes modifications in antioxidant compounds and hence increases salt tolerance under saline conditions....
SHAGUFTA ANDLEEB1*, ASMATULLAH2, SHABANA SHAUKAT1 & SIDRA NAWAZ2
...weeks daily. After 24 hours of last dose, the animals were anaesthetized torecoverliver tissues following fixation in Bouin’s fluid and processing for histological preparation using different grades of alcohol and xylene for dehydration. These tissues were later on infiltrated with paraffin wax, sectioned to size of 4μm and stained with Hematoxylin and Eosin. The histological analysis revealed that metformin could c...
ARIFA ZEREEN & ALMAS JAHAN
...deltoids W. Bartram ex Marshall, Prosopis juliflora (Sw.) DC., Broussonetia papyrifera (L.) Vent, Lantana camara L., Cannabis sativa L., Parthenium hysterophorus L., Xanthium strumarium L., Alternanthera pungens Kunth, Trianthema portulacastrum L., Pistia stratiotes (Sw.) DC., Phragmites australis Adans., Eichhornia crassipes (C.Martius) Solms Loub. and Portulaca oleracea L. were identified in the selected area. Information regarding the family, habit and nati...
Wesam Jasim Hansh
...re isolated from the livers of cows and buffaloes slaughtered in the municipality of AL-Nassiriyah abattoir during July to November 2022. Sixty Fasciola flukes including (30 from cows and 30 from buffaloes) were used in morphological study. Genomic DNA was extracted from 30 Fasciola flukes (15 from cows and 15 from buffaloes) and used to amplified the 28S rRNA gene and amplicons were sequenced. Based on the morphological study and sequences analysis of 28S rRN...
Adriana Beatriz Sánchez-Urdaneta1,2*, Gisela del Carmen Rivero-Maldonado2, Cecilia Beatriz Peña-Valdivia3 and Dianelis del Carmen Sánchez-Urdaneta4
...e fruit-producing cultivars Floreadora, Moradaza, and Solferino of prickly pear (Opuntia ficus-indica (L.) Mill.). The thickness of cladodes, cuticle, epidermis, collenchyma, parenchyma cell walls, and xylem walls was measured; the number of cell strata of the epidermis, collenchyma, parenchyma cells, xylem vessels, and calcium oxalate crystals (druse), were counted, as well as the perimeter of parenchyma cells, xylem vessels, and mucilage cells. A comp...
Jaime Vera Chang1, Arianna Torres Coronel2, Luis Vásquez Cortez2,3, Kerly Alvarado Vásquez2,3 and Frank Intriago Flor4*
...etween treatments, Tukey’s multiple range test was used at 5% probability, the treatments were prepared from five experimental clones (T1-Testigo EET-103, T2-CCAT-46-57, T3-CCAT-46-75, T4-CCAT-46-88, T5-CCAT-49-98) said varieties were obtained from the Experimental Farm “ “The Dam.” For the evaluation of the physical-chemical parameters, the following variables were analyzed (acidity, °Brix, pH, p...
NUSRAT MAJEED* & ABIDA BUTT
... to collect jumping spiders from twelve different localities of Pakistan. Specimens (2556) were collected which belong to twenty-eight species and twenty-one genera. This study added twenty-three first records of species from ten genera. The female of Phintella indica is in this study for the first time....
MAIMOONA KANWAL, MUBASHAR HUSSAIN*, ZAHEER ABBAS1, SHAKIL AHMAD KHAN2, FATIMA
ZAFAR & RIZWANKHURSHEED2
...during early larval instars (1stand 2nd)and 24-28○C and 85 ± 5 % RH during last three (3rd -5th) larval instars. Early in stars were fed on chopped mulberry leaves whereas later instars were reared on mulberry leaves dipped with 10% solutions of vitamins (B and C) and 2%amino acid (Alanine and Glycine) in different combinations. D...
ATEEQUE RAHMAN KHOOHARO* & PIRZADA JAMALUDDIN A. SIDDIQUI
...e distribution & diversity of invertebrate communities on a rocky intertidal shore at Tak Bay, Ormara along the Balochistan coast of Pakistan. Quadrat techniques were used to establish abundance of species. Overall, 49 species of invertebrates were recorded. Two of these species were annelids, 35 molluscs (Polyplacophora 1, gastropods 30, bivalves 4), 9 arthropods (cirripediae 2, malacostraca 7) & 3 echinoderms (stelleroids 3). The Highest dive
SYED SHAHID IMRAN BUKHARI1*, IQRA AZAM1, MUDDASIR HASSAN ABBASI1, MEERAB DAUD1, NADEEM SHEIKH2, ANDLEEB BATOOL3, RABIA MAHMOOD2 & MARYAM MUKHTAR2
...eritoneally and then livers were extracted after 3, 6 and 12 hours. All the samples were processed for gel run and thermo cycler program, which revealed alterations in the expression of hepatic mRNA (IL-6) in all loads equally confirmed by the results of housekeeping gene β-actin. Gel analysis showed changes in the folds of IL-6 in hepatic mRNA compared to control. These finding led to the conclusion that Alloxan can in...
MUHAMMAD JAVAID AFZAL*1, FARAH JAVAID2, MUHAMMAD WASEEM ASHRAF3, SHAHZADI TAYYABA4, MAMOONA ASHIQ5 & AYESHA AKHTAR5
... verified by the Mamdani’s model and the previous research. The simulated results given in this study specifies that the fuzzy logic deliver an effective modeling presentation by showing good agreement with the parametric measurements. Therefore, Fuzzy Logic is an alternate method to obtain outflow rate and other parameters for nanoneedles. This nanoneedle technology is revealed as a dominant and multipurpose technolog...
MUSHTAQ HUSSAIN LASHARI1*, RABIA HAMEED1, UMER FAROOQ2, MUSADIQ IDRIS2 & ZIA UR REHMAN2
...measures. Thin blood smears were stained using Field stain ‘A’ and ‘B’. The PMNs were counted and observed for Barr bodies attached to them. Only the neutrophils with terminable lobes were examined and counted. The mean value ± SE of the Barr bodies was calculated and the difference between males and females of both species was analyzed through independent T-...
MUBEEN RIAZ1, KIRAN ZAHID1, SUMAIRA ASLAM CHOHAN1, MUHAMMAD ASHFAQ*2, MUHAMMAD ALI2, RIFFAT SIDDIQUE1, NUDRAT ANEES1 & FARAH KHAN1
...lorum L. using RAPD markers. For genetic characterization of controlled and NaCl stressed plants, the extracted DNAs were subjected to RAPD markers, using PCR amplification. For this purpose a total of seven primers viz, OPH_01_F, OPH_01_R, OPH_01_RC, OPI_05_R, OPI_05_RC, OPG_10 and OPC_06 were used. PCR amplification was followed by gel electrophoresis (1.2% agarose gel) and visualized by...
SEHRISH MUSHTAQ1, MUHAMMAD SHAFIQ1, MUHAMMAD ASHFAQ*1 FAIZA KHAN1, SOHAIB AFZAAL1, UMMAD HUSSAIN1, MUBASSHIR HUSSAIN1, RASHID MUKHTAR BALAL2 & MUHAMMAD SALEEM HAIDER1
...of interest for researchers due to their wide variety of benefits to their hosts and their diversity of geographical distribution. In this study, bacterial endophytes were isolated from the leaf midrib of different varieties of citrus cultivated in the Sargodha region of Punjab Pakistan. The endophytic bacterial community associated with citrus was characterized and screened for antifungal activity against Alternaria solani ...
NAUSHEEN MAZHAR*, ALI IQTADAR MIRZA**, SAHAR ZIA*, ZAYANAH SOHAIL BUTT*, MEMUNA GHAFOOR SHAHID*** & ALI IMAM MIRZA**
...ign: justify;">The glaciers are the life line of Pakistan’s economy since they serve as fresh water and feed reservoirs which help in hydroelectric power production and provide water for agriculture. The changing climatic trends of the Hindu-Kush Himalayan (HKH) region have resulted in the decrease of its glacial volume such as Baltoro and Biafo. Passu, the glacier whose water feeds ...
*SHAJAHAN BAIG1, MUSHTAQ AHMAD SALEEM1, MUHAMMAD AZMAT ULLAH KHAN1 ZEESHAN NADEEM2, SUFIAN AHMED2, MEMUNA GHAFOOR SHAHID3 & TANZEEM AKBAR CHEEMA3
...ntal changes in GM Foods’ composition, which may arise due to the genetic changes, such as comparative analysis of (chemical) GM and non GM foods. These ways of identification of alterations commonly include DNA/RNA microarrays, metabolomics and protein profiling methods. These profiling methods are very useful but still studies on sensitivity, specificity and substantiation are needed. Furthermore, bioinformatics studies may be quite useful for the succ...
ABRAR HUSSAIN1, AQSA KHALIL1, SAIRA ZAHEER1, MUHAMMAD LATEEF2 & MUHAMMAD MANSHA1
...c infections but their persistent use develop resistance in parasites. In this connection local plants/ their parts are being used to explore their anthelmintic potential. The aim of the present study was to determine the anthelmintic activity of Tribulus terrestris L. and Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. Whole plant of Tribulus terrestris L. and leaves of Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. were used. The plant materials were dried, ground firmly, macerated in ethanol and then ...
Floral and edaphic data recorded from Sahiwal District, Pakistan analyzed by multivariate techniques
*ARIFA ZEREEN1, ALMAS JAHAN1,SHEIKH SAEED AHMAD2 & ZAHEER-UD-DIN KHAN3
...nd environmental parameters associated with Sahiwal district. For the phytosociological survey Braun-Blanquet’s methodology was employed. In order to classify the vegetation data, ordination research tactics i.e., Two Way indicator species analysis (TWINSPAN) and Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) were used. Vegetation data obtained from forty quadrats was compiled. Thirty eight plant species belonging to twenty o...
FOZIA HUMAYUN1, ZARRIEN AYUB2, MUHAMMAD SAMEE HAIDER3 & SYED ABID ALI1*
...e of Karachi which harbours a huge and varied number of gastropods. The body muscle was dissected out of the shell and used for molecular identification and biochemical analysis (Amino acid profiling). Macro/micro morphology of the shells was also studied by scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry. The analysis of nutritional status of the three Siphonaria sp. revealed quite similar profiles amo...
MUSHTAQ HUSSAIN LASHARI1*, UMER FAROOQ2, AMMARA ARSHAD1, MUHAMMAD NAEEM TAHIR2, MUSADIQ IDRIS2, ANAM KHURSHID3 & ZIA UR REHMAN2
...measures. Thin blood smears were stained using Field stain „A‟ and „B‟. The PMNs were counted and observed for Barr Bodies attached to them. Only the neutrophils with terminable lobes were examined and counted. The mean value ±SE of the Barr Bodies was calculated and the difference between males and females of both species was analyzed through independent T-test. The mean ±SE values for Barr Bodies were significantly higher (P≤...
SIDRA MOQADDES*¹, RABIA ZULFIQAR1, MAWRA GOHAR1 & HINA QAISER1
...etermined by Kirby Bauer’s disc diffusion method. Samples (n=85) were analyzed to determine the bacterial strains involved in infectious cases and relationship with age, gender and social status of patients was determined. Results of the study revealed that 61% of samples were positive for Escherichia coli, other contributing pathogens were Staphylococcus spp. (24%), Klebsiella spp. (9%), Proteus spp.(4%) and others (2...
ZAFAR IQBAL KHAN1, KAFEEL AHMAD1, HAREEM SAFDAR1, KINZA WAJID1, HUMAYUN BASHIR1, KHALID NAWAZ2, MAHPARA SHEHZADI3, IJAZ RASOOL NOORKA4, MUDASRA MUNIR1, IFRASALEEM MALIK1, ASMA ASHFAQ1, HIRA MUQADDAS5, HAFSA MEMOONA6, MADIHA SANA6, NAUNAIN MEHMOOD7, SAIF UR REHMAN8 & TASAWAR ABBAS8
...partment of Botany, University of Sargodha to evaluate the possible health risks of heavy metals in forages. Forages both forsummer and winter were grown with different water treatments (sewage and tap water). The concentration of cadmium in water, root and forage samples was determined. Moreover, bioconcentration factor, pollution load index, daily intake of metals and health risk index were calculated. In tap water Cd valu...
SAIMA SHARIF, SHAGUFTA NAZ, FARKHANDA MANZOOR, AYESHA NOOR & ZAHRA JAMIL
...e College for Women University, Lahore from January 2017 to June 2017. During this period a total of 180 females were enrolled. Anthropometric measurements and the BMI of subjects were measured according to standard protocol after taking written consents. On the basis of body mass Index (BMI) subjects were divided into three groups normal weight (n=80), overweight (n=29) and obese (n=71). Respiratory function was measured by peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) wi...
ASMA ZAFAR*, MONIBA KHAWAR, MAHNOOR CHAUDHRY, SAYYEDA SANA BATOOL, AMJAD HUSSAIN** & MUSHTAQ AHMAD SALEEM
...minimize the risk of adverse side effects. The interaction of azurin with P53 (tumor suppressor protein), Eph/ephrin receptor and Cadherin enhances the activity of azurin by inducing apoptosis in cancerous cells, disrupting signaling among cancerous cells and inhibiting the growth of cancerous cells as well as suppressing the activity of tumor cells. This review article focuses on the activity of the bacterial protein azurin as an anti-cancer agent and also th...
KOUSAR PERVEEN1*, MUHAMMAD AFZAL1, SANA SEHAR1 & SYED AMIR GILANI2
...ends on how healthcare personnel treat patients during the curing process. In this regard, the extant literature suggests that compassionate care behaviour of healthcare personnel plays the leading role. However, scant attention has been paid to understand the phenomena of compassionate care in developing countries. Therefore, current study aims to conduct an in-depth qualitative phenomeno...
KHALID MAHMOOD1*, HAFIZA SAMAN AKRAM1, ZAHEER AHMED2, MUHAMMAD ADEEB BABAR1, SAYYED GHYOUR ABBAS1, MUHAMMAD ASIM1, MUHAMMAD AKBAR KHAN1 & MUHAMMAD AKHTAR3
...consists of upper premolars and molars. Based on morpho-metry, the specimens were assigned to Pachyportax latidens. The fossils provide an evidence for the existence of the large sized animals in Pakistan during the Late Miocene -Early Pliocene....
HANNANA MARYAM, SANA MAQSOOD & SIKANDER ALI*
...bserved when the parameters like medium volume, buffer pH (7.0) and incubation temperature (37°C) were optimized. Antimicrobial potential of laterosporulin was also exploited using various techniques. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and critical dilution assays (CDAs) were performed for exhibiting bacteriocin inhibitory potential against various indicator strains including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Azotobact...
AMBASH RIAZ1, SHAHID RAZA2* & HIRA MUBEEN3
...fied using specific primers which gave successful PCR results of 3.5 kb long gene amplification. The amplified gene was further verified by inserting it into the expression vector. Furthermore, a computational approach was used to understand evolutionary relationships among Cry1AB gene and to identify conserved protein domains in Cry1AB proteins. Use of insilico approach provided new insights of unde...
LAILA SHAHZAD*1, MUHAMMAD UMER HAYYAT1, NIDA SAJID1, FAIZA SHARIF1, ASMA MANSOOR1, MANAL SHAH1 & NABEEHA LODHI1
...bility to natural disasters and the related level of awareness among community. A household questionnaire based survey was used to determine awareness and resilience of the community. Another methodology named Rapid Visual Screening (RVS) was used to determine the factors that contribute to infrastructure vulnerability to natural disasters. Factors asses...
SHAHZADA NADEEM ABBAS1, KIRAN JAMSHED1, SARAH BUSHRA NASIR2,
SAMAN SHAHID3 & NASIR MAHMOOD4
...was measured after 72 hours by using photo spectrometer at the wavelength of 600 nm (A600). For antifungal assays, the volume and concentrations of extracts used were 2 μl (250μg), 4μl (500μg), 8 μl (1000 μg) and 10 μl (1250 μg). The methanolic extract of Nigella sativa (1μl, 125μg) and water extract of Ficus carica (1μl, 125μg) were found most effective against E. coli (A600 0.003) whereas, water extract of Ficus carica (1&...
ZAHRA NASEEM1, MUHAMMAD AMIR IQBAL1, SHAAF AHMAD2 & NABILA ROOHI1*
... liver and renal parameters and effectiveness of thyroid treatment (thyroxine) on these factors in hypothyroid subjects were assessed in the present investigation. A total of 140 subjects (30 subclinical and 50 overt hypothyroid) between the ages of 15-50 years from INMOL, Lahore and 60 healthy euthyroid controls of the similar age groups from local population were recruited. Additionally,...
ZUBIA RASHID1, ZULFIQAR ALI MIRANI2, SITWAT ZEHRA1, SYED MUDDASSAR HUSSAIN GILANI3, ARIF ALI CHISHTI1, ABID AZHAR1 & SADDIA GALANI1*
...acter spp.) population versus AB and CON group. Overall, statistical profiling of gut bacteria depicted numerically increased beneficial bacteria in PFA group (79%) followed by AB (72%) and CON (65%) in chicken gut. In conclusion, due to increased animal performance and maintained balanced gut microflora tested phytogenic feed additives of this study might be regarded as potential alternatives to existing antibiotics in poultry for better food animal productio...
... Molecular Biology, University of Gujrat
2Department of Biochemistry, Nawaz Sharif Medical College, University of Gujrat
3Department of Biochemistry, Islam Medical & Dental College, Sialkot
*Corresponding Author:
Nadia Zeeshan:
nadia.zeeshan@uog.edu.pk
UROOJ SAEED1, SAJID RASHID AHMAD2, HAMMAD GILANI3*, RAB NAWAZ4, NAEEM SHAHZAD5, IRFAN ASHRAF6 & WAQAS AHMED QAZI3
...s. Even the canopy of sparse mangroves trees became enriched in various areas. In a small area of 372 km2 around the plantation sites, the study quantified 0.44 km2/year gross rate of afforestation using Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values derived from 30 m spatial resolution Landsat satellite images (April 2010 and May 2015). Through coastal conservation practices, plantation campaigns provide livelihood support to local communities; and henc...
Uqba Mehmood
...ished by proteases, in first 20 minutes of spore germination. The analysis of Spo mutants (strains which lack Sporulation (Spo) gene or have its inactive form) revealed that many of these strains did not produce extracellular proteases. Some evidence for the involvement of serine proteases in sporulation has been provided by inhibitor studies. Nevertheless variation in germination response of germination defective strains with different nutrients was recorded ...
MARIAM AHMED, YESRA ARSHAD & HAMID MUKHTAR*
...e keratin found in feathers and hair. It has various applications including leather, textile, pharmaceutical, detergent and animal feed industries. In current study, keratinolytic bacteria were isolated from the soil of poultry farm and different cultural conditions were optimized to obtain maximum enzyme yield. The isolates were initially screened by formation of zone of clearance on the skimmed milk agar and then evaluated for keratinase production by using ...
ZAHID FAROOQ1, IRFAN BABOO2, MUHAMMAD WAJID3, HAFIZA SADIA4, MUHAM
...n. Hematological parameters including Total Red Blood Cell Count, Total White Blood Cell Count, Packed Cell Volume, Hemoglobin, Mean Corpuscular Volume, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin, Mean Corpuscular Hemoglobin Concentration, Platelets, Lymphocytes, Monocytes and Neutrophils were determined. The overall red blood cells count, hemoglobin and hematocrit values were 2.00±0.054×106/μL, 11.40±0.350g/dL and 31.30±0.830%, respectively. Wh...
ADEEBA SYED1, DILAWAR HUSSAIN2, UZMA RAFI1 & SUMAIRA MAZHAR1*
...04 and 0.05 mg/L for 96 hrs in glass aquaria. The 96 hrs LC50 value of CPF for Labeo rohita was found to be 0.01 mg/L. During chronic exposure fish were subjected to 1/3rd, 1/5th, 1/7th and 1/9th of LC50 for 30 days. At the end of the trials, tissues from various organs like intestine, liver and kidney were collected and sections were examined under digital microscope. Pronounced histological changes like necrosis, infiltrat...
ALIA NASEEM, *SUMERA IQBAL & KHAJISTA JABEEN
... and germination parameters were affected adversely by Cr application. The treatments of compost at 5 percent and farmyard manure at 2.5 percent positively affected the yield in both Cr treated and untreated plants. In comparative analysis compost appeared as more beneficial for okra than farmyard manure. Overall, the application of compost at 5 percent was found to be effective in improving yield characte
MARIAM ZAHEER*1, SYED SHAHID IMRAN BUKHARI2, MUDDA
...mmunomodulator, emulsifiers, anticancer and bioflocculants. They are widely used in food industry and bioremediation. This review article describes sources, synthesis, fermentation, extraction and applications of exopolysaccharides....
SYED SHAHID IMRAN BUKHARI1&2* & ZULFIQAR ALI 2
...ts of general practitioners dealing with asthma in Lahore. Among 200 practitioners, 166 (83%) responded. One hundred and sixty six asthmatic subjects were selected and given to the practitioners at Gulab Devi hospital, Lahore. Practitioners were asked for a prescription for each subject and also to write views on dietary restrictions in asthmatics. The p...
MUHAMMAD NAEEM RAZA1, KALSOOM SUGHRA1* & NADIA ZEESHAN1
...at age group 15 to 30 years. The genotype 3a (83.33%) was dominant to other circulating genotypes as 2b (13.33%) and mixed 3a/2b (3.33%). The highest prevalence of HCV infection was noted in females compared to males and 3a was most dominant genotype. This study highlights the new reported mixed genotypes 3a/2b in this region that should be remarkable for treatment of high resistant cases of HCV. Further studies are needed to find out the exact cause of high v...
SHEIKH AJAZ RASOOL1, MUHAMMAD SALMAN RASOOL2 & MUNAZZA AJAZ3
...bials research, one wonders why not a single infectious agent has been completely knocked out. Our group has been focusing on ascertaining the basis of antibiotic deferring processes acquired by (indigenous) clinical strains. Accordingly, sub-lethal doses of the drug result in development of hyper-resistances. The bacteria have evolved the molecular genetical basis (and other parameters) for acquiring the resistance. For the...
1*AFIRA WAQAR, 2ADNAN RAUF, 3BUSHRA CHAUDHRY &4IKRAM-UL HAQ
...ion of genetic risk factors of the complex diseases. New pharmacological therapies may get established by understanding the underpinning of biological genetic effects. We focus here on the applications and strategies that are currently best suitable for genetic studies which provide preliminary genetic information for subsequent statistical analyses. Here we review the basic concept of genetic alterations including monogenic...
MUHAMMAD SHRAFAT ALI1, UZMA HAMEED2* & IKRAM-UL-HAQ3
...antibiotic growth promoters in the chick industry. In the present study, conditions for the sporulation of Bacillus subtilis, a probiotic strain, are optimized. Overnight grown inoculum (1%) was used for the cultivation of B. subtilis in NB medium followed by 24-48 hours incubation in a shaking incubator at 30°C. Spore staining and microscopy were performed at different time intervals to find out the sporulation status a...
ASUMAN ARSLAN DURU1*
...ield and mass, feed conversion ratio, external and internal egg quality and egg yolk cholesterol level of laying hens were investigated. A total of 55 Lohman Brown laying hens aged 48 weeks were used. The birds were fed with basal diet supplemented with 1 g/kg (GBL1), 5 g/kg (GBL5), 10 g/kg (GBL10), 20 g/kg (GBL20) of goji berry leaves and negative control. These mentioned doses were added to per kg basal diet (166 g crude protein and 2821 kcal ME kg-1). Feed ...
MUHAMMAD AMJAD ALI1*, MUMTAZ AHMAD KHAN2, WAQAS AHMAD3, FAIZ-UL HASSAN4, SYED MUHAMMAD RAIHAN DILSHAD5, MIAN MUHAMMAD AWAIS1, MUHAMMAD IRFAN ANWAR1, MUHAMMAD RAZA HAMEED1 , MUHAMMAD ASHRAF SULTAN6 & HASEEB ANWAR7
...treatment groups. No adverse reaction was observed following transfusion of blood or Haes-sterilTM in any experimental dog. Hematological parameters like total leukocytic count (TLC), red blood cells (RBC), hemoglobin (Hb) and total proteins were also studied. Blood parameters such as RBC, Hb and total proteins were significantly different among dogs of both treatment groups. The changes i...
HAFIZ MUHAMMAD ARSALAN1,2*, SUMMARA TABASSUM1, MUHAMMAD SHERAZ YASIN3, FAROOQ SALEEM4, ZEEMAL SEEMAB AMIN1, MUNIB ASHFAQ1, UMAR FAROOQ GOHAR5 & RASHIDA BASHIR6
...cation end products (AGE’s) were estimated. The results showed that levels of the Malondialdehyde (0.087, 0.151 and 0.104 respectively), Advance glycation end products (0.026, 0.053, 0.025) and Nitric oxide (0.07, 0.438, 0.190) were found decreased while level of the GSH (0.184, 0.188, 0.207), CAT (0.087, 0.031, 0.091) and vitamin A (0.196, 0.136, 0.178), E (0.199, 0.140, 0.179) and C (0.163, 0.120, 0.164) were increased after administration of Piper bet...
UZMA PARVEEN1, MASROOR ELLAHI BABAR1*, NIDA BABAR2, TAHIRA MUGHAL3 & AKHTAR ALI1
...hnique was applied. Primers were designed, amplified by PCR and RFLP were performed to identify the TNF–alpha -308 and -238 polymorphisms. The frequencies of TNF-alpha -308 genotype TNF GG, GA and AA were 37%, 10% and 3% with measurably estimation of 0.07039 (P<0.05) as indicated by HWE for the preterm and postterm conveyances while for the typical one proportion of GG, GA and AA were of 5%,10% and 5% with factually critical esteem is 1.000 (p<0.05...
Olaolu Fadeyi1,2, Oluwatoyin Fabiyi3*, Tesleem Bello4 and Gabriel Olatunji5
...in production. Many growers result to the use of synthetic nematicides to combat this risk. However, due to the increasing awareness about the detrimental effects of chemicals on human health and the environment, its continuous use is discouraged worldwide. The search for other eco-friendly alternatives has led to the use of different plant extracts with known pesticidal properties. This current research was conducted to determine the nematicidal status of Ana...
Aziz Ahmed1*, Anila Naz Soomro2, Muhammad Ramzan Ali1, Muhammad Aleem Khan1 and Hasina Basharat1
...on sperm quality parameters i.e., percent motility, motility interval, sustainability, and fertilization rates in Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). The experimental design was CRD with four treatments and three replicates. Lab prepared (Activation media A and B), one commercially available (Activation media C) and freshwater served as control. After the pre-developed broods were selected based on maturity approaches and collected sperm samples were diluted...
Lendrawati*, Tinda Afriani, Eli Ratni
...the SPSS program. The Pearson correlation (r) between body weight and measurements was calculated and the degree of fit of the models was assessed using the coefficient of determination (R2), Adj R2 and root mean squared error (RMSE). Body weight had a highly significant (P< 0.01) correlation with BL (r = 0.723), CG (r = 0.814), and SH (r = 0.549). The optimal estimation of body weight was achieved through a blend of chest circumference and body length, as ...
Sri Wahjuningsih1*, Ani Atul Arif1, Khaerudin2, Herlina Pratiwi3, Ardyah Ramadhina Irsanti Putri1
...f -196°C.After 24 hours, the semen was thawing at a different temperature. The evaluation of semen quality included motility, viability, plasma membrane integrity, and acrosome integrity. All data obtained were analyzed with two way-analysis of variance. The result showed that equilibration time treatment and differential temperature of thawing yield good results on the motility and viability of Gaga chicken sperm on all treatments (P>0,01). Equilibrati...
Karima Akool Al-Salihi1*, Luay Jumaah Jihad2, Abbas Najm Aldin Saleh3
... Google Classrooms, University platforms, You Tube, and Slide Share. Moreover, Google Classroom, Telegram, WhatsApp, Viber, Zoom, and FCC were the tools for lectures and communication with lecturers. A variation appeared in the assessment of the online education Theoretical and Practical Veterinary subjects evaluations, including 6.40%, 13.40%, 19.77%, 25.67%, 34.76%, and 3.30%, 5.30%,18.70%, 25.60%, and 47.10% respectively ...
María Julia Traversa1*, Mónica Saracco2, María Alejandra Colombatti Olivieri3, Fernando Paolicchi4, Edgardo Rodriguez5, Silvia Estein5, María Cristina Jorge5, William C. Davis6
...n cows older than two years classified into four groups, one of PPDb reactors that transited the EPP period (PPDbEPPp) (n=5), another of PPDb reactors that did not transit the EPP period (PPDbNoEPPp) (n=5), the third of no PPDb reactors that transited the EPP period (NoPPDbEPPp) (n=5), and the last of no PPDb reactors ...
Bela Putra1*, Budi Prasetya2
...ted, and various parameters were analyzed. The results of the research indicated that the application of a 15 Gy dosage significantly enhanced the absorption of P (p<0.01), N (p<0.01), and Ca (p<0.01) in the plant. Additionally, gamma irradiation at a 25 Gy dosage demonstrated a notable effect, resulting in the highest calcium (Ca) content (p<0.01). However, the treatment did not exhibit a significant impact on pH (p > 0.05) in the rumen fluid, ...
Huda K. Khassaf1*, Zainab A.H. Al-Mousawi1, Sawsan A. Ali2, Anwar Nather Seiwan3
...the thyroid gland tissue’s histological alterations was conducted. According to the findings, rats that got both SAL and ALA had higher levels of serum thyroxin T4, Free T3, and Free T4 than rats that did not get alA (p≤0.05). As well as decreased total bilirubin, Na+, and Ca+2 levels and increased K+ and Cl- levels (p≤0.05). Furthermore, ALA is an effective therapeutic medication that improves the histological characteristics of the thyroid gland ...
Deni Novia*, Indri Juliyarsi, Rizki Dwi Setiawan, Clara Mustika, Cindi Melani
...5, and 6 h). The parameters evaluated were antioxidant activity, energy value, moisture, protein, fat, ash content, solubility, color (L*, a*, b*), and sensory evaluation of hedonic preferences and qualities. The results revealed that different drying times showed significant differences (P<0.05) in antioxidant activity, energy value, protein, fat, ash, moisture content, color (L*, a*, b*), and sensory properties, except for color attributes in the hedonic ...
Tri Anggraeni Kusumastuti1, Ikuo Kobayashi2, Ahmad Juwari3, Lovin Dika Antari4*
...e cattle production centers. SWOT analysis is used to support a description of the condition of internal factors (strengths and weaknesses) and external factors (opportunities and threats) of animal husbandry in two countries. Data analysis was carried out descriptively and quantitatively. Primary and secondary data were collected from July to September 2023. The results showed that econom...
Jacob Situmeang1, Lovita Adriani1*, Deny Saefulhadjar1, Safri Ishmayana2
...nd continued with Duncan’s multiple range test. The results showed that probiotic powder had a significant effect (P≤0.05) on increasing the protein and cholesterol, and decreasing the lipid content of egg yolks.
Keywords | Yogurt, Protease, Lipase, Probiotic, Protein, Lipid, Egg yolk
...
Alyaa S.K. Al-Shammari1, Mozhir K.K. Almahdawi2*, Manar H. Allawi3, Abdul Sattar S.S.Al-Bayati2
...blood cells in blood smears were determined through microscopic examination, while the CD8+ and CD4+ subsets of T lymphocytes were assessed using flow cytometry. A significant (P≤0.05) reduction in leukocyte counts was observed during the gestation period in all experimental groups. In the lactation period, there was a significant (P≤0.05) elevation in the levels of total white blood cell count, percentage of lymphocytes, and CD4+ and CD8+ subsets of T l...
Muhammad Sultan1,4, Muhammad H. Mahmood2,4, Takahiko Miyazaki3,4, Shigeru Koyama3,4, Zahid M. Khan1
...cs by desiccant-water pairs always play curial role in the development of low-cost thermally driven desiccant air-conditioning systems. It also influences various operating parameters of desiccant air-conditioning systems e.g. switching/cycle time, desiccant/system size, and regeneration temperature etc. Usually it is difficult to measure open-cycle adsorption kinetics precisely in adsorption heat pump systems. Therefore, pr...
Inayat ul Islam1, Rooh Ullah1, Ahmed Zia2, Abdul Rauf Bhatti2*, Maryum Ilyas2, Sohail Hayat1 and Khabab Hayat1
... study brought forward first data for the Odonata fauna inhabiting Dir Upper since inception of Pakistan. The areas represent one of the many ecologies that remain ignored and neglected for insect faunal surveys due to multiple factors like lack of education, awareness, social barriers and uncertain ground conditions being representing Pak-Afghan border territories in many of its valleys a...
Ngoc Tan Nguyen1*, Thi Tuong Vi Trang1, Thi Thuy Tien Nguyen2, Tuan Thanh Hoang2, Duc Thoa Nguyen2
.... Egg production parameters were recorded as age at first egg (AFE; days), body weight at first egg (BWFE; gram/bird), mean egg weight (MEW; gram), and accumulated number of eggs (ANE) up to 38 weeks of age. DNA collected from the wing vein at 38 weeks of age was extracted from whole blood samples of 393 VLV chickens. The 24 bp indel/PRL target gene was amplified by PCR and the product was...
Putri Okta Shafura1, Mardiati Zain2*, Elihasridas2, Bima Bagaskara1, Ummi Amanah1, Laras Sukma Sucitra1, Bella Veliana Utami1, Roni Pazla2, Erpomen2, Ezi Masdia Putri3, Rusmana Wijaya Setia Ningrat2, Riris Delima Purba3, Ruslan Abdul Gopar3, Putut Suryo Negoro3
...incubation time of 48 hours. The ration was prepared based on a 50:50 composition of forage and concentrate, including P0 (Control), P1 (0.5% S. cerevisiae), P2 (0.3% sulfur), and P3 (0.5% S. cerevisiae + 0.3% sulfur). The Tilley and Terry in-vitro methods were utilized to measure rumen characteristics, nutrient digestibility, protozoan population, microbial protein synthesis, and methane gas production. The results revealed a significant impact (P < 0.05) ...
Gokarna Gautam1*, Sajan Rokaya1, Bhuminand Devkota1, Saroj Sapkota2
...f this study were to understand the seasonality pattern of breeding and calving in buffaloes in subtropical regions of southern Nepal and to characterize the ovarian cyclicity status during the months of long day length. Data regarding seasonality pattern of breeding and calving of Murrah cross bred buffaloes (n=400) from two locations of subtropical region were collected. In a subset of buffaloes (n=104), the ovarian cyclicity status during late spring (May t...
Aliya Irshad Sani1, Shumaila Usman2*, Zile Rubab1, Sufyan Ahmed3, Sana Iqbal3 and Zehra Ahmed4
...current and advanced tumors. Many immune markers are being evaluated in Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) including costimulatory molecules OX40 (Tumor necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 4, TNFSRF4) and OX40L (tumor necrosis factor superfamily, member 4; TNFSF4). They function to potentiate T cells function to accentuate anti-tumor activity. The results of OX40 and OX40L in cancer immunotherapy are still limited ...
Youfang Li1, Xu Li2, Shaik Althaf Hussain3, Jayasimha Rayalu Daddam4 and Zhigang Chen5*
...The alterations were reversed in all the treatment group especially EGCG and EGCG-Quercetin. The reversal potentials of combinational therapy were found to be more effective than the standard drug, Allopurinol. The histopathological analysis also confirmed the same. Although, EGCG has a potent inhibitory effect on urinary stone formation, and the antioxidative action of EGCG is considered to be involved. The combinational ac...
Firda Arlina1*, Mangku Mundana1, Linda Suhartati1, Agmelia Jasfaria2
...icken reared by its farmers in Solok Regency, West Sumatra. There 60 Randah Batu Kokok Balenggek chickens were sexually mature. This study used a survey method, and sampling was carried out using purposive sampling. The parameters observed were qualitative and quantitative phenotypes. The data obtained were analyzed by descriptive statistical analysis. The results showed that the qualitative variety of the Randah Batu Kokok ...
Pham Tan Nha*, Le Thu Thuy
Laila Ibouzine-Dine1*, Inssaf Berkiks1,2, Mouloud Lamtai1*, Hasnaa Mallouk1, Ayoub Rezqaoui1, Abdeljabbar Nassiri1, Abdelhalem Mesfioui1, Aboubaker El Hessni1
...e during which the brain’s development exhibits increased sensitivity to specific types of learning and external influences. This period is usually associated with the development of age-related neurodevelopmental processes. Nitric oxide (NO) is an essential signaling molecules that play an important role in physiological processes including neuronal survival and differentiation, neurogenesis, synaptogenesis, pruning, and brain plasticity. In the present...
Muhammad Yusuf1*, Abd Latief Toleng1, Sahiruddin1, Masturi1, Hasrin1, Musdalifa Mansur2, Hendrikus Fatem3, Johan Koibur4
... responses of dairy heifers after treated with estrous synchronization using Heasynch and Select Synch protocols. The study was conducted in Maiwa Breeding Centre (MBC) Farm of Hasanuddin University. A total of 18 dairy Holstein Friesian heifers were used in the present study. The heifers were then divided into two groups based on different treatments of...
Ebban Bagus Kuntadi1, and Amam Amam2*
...s cattle, including heifers, steers, and bulls. The observation involved 4,238 Brahman Cross cattle. The data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and independent sample t-test using SPSS 26.0 software. The results revealed that the weight loss of the imported cattle on the MV Diamantina ship was 12.92 ± 5.66 kg per cattle, Barkly Pearl was 9.98 ± 5.05 kg per cattle, and MV Gudali Ex was 14.32 ± 4 .2...
Xin Yan Ku1, Phek Jin Kwong1*, Chaiw Yee Teoh1, Mohammad Mijanur Rahman2, Fakar Fariz3
...ndustries as corn replacers, as well as tropic forages like dwarf Napier grass and Trichanthera gigantea for pre-weaning Boer crossbred kids. Proximate analyses were conducted on the feed ingredients and the newly formulated feed before the feeding trial. Twelve (n=12), single-born Boer x Jamnapari crossbred kids, with an average birth weight of 3.25 kg and body condition scoring of 3 to 3.5 were randomly divided into two dietary treatment groups (...
Wasan Ali Hasan1*, Manal Abdulkhaliq Ibrahim2
...tory inflammatory disorders, including asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, are prevalent conditions affecting the airways. Current study aimed to investigate the impact of famotidine on respiratory inflammation in rats. Thirty adult male albino rats were segmented into five distinct groups, each group comprising six rats (n=6). A_group (Negative Control) rats received distilled water only, without any drug; B_group (Positive Control) rats underwe...
Nurcholis1*, Syetiel M. Salamony1, Abdullah Baharun2
...p; PO bulls aged four years were collected using an artificial vagina (AV) twice weekly at the Semangga District Animal Health Center from August to September 2023. Semen diluted to a minimum of 25 million/mL is packaged in 0.25 mL straws. Treat Andromed® as a comparison, P0 tris egg yolk (TYE), P1 TYE+MYE 1 mL, P2 TYE+MYE 2 mL. The parameters observed include fresh semen quality, sperm motility, sperm viability, sperm m...
Nawab Ali1, Akeel Ahmed Memon1, Asmatullah kaka1, Amjad Hussain Mirani2, Muhammad Ibrahim Panhwar3*, Nisar Ahmed Solangi1, Kashif Ali Malik1, Fazul U Rahman1, Moin Akhtar Vistro1
...emen cytological parameters, 48 ejaculations were collected from 4 Kamohri bucks using an artificial vagina twice a week. Following the semen collection, ejaculates were assessed through macroscopic and microscopic evaluation. Semen ejaculates having ≥ 80% motility, morphology, and live-dead ratio were pooled and diluted in Tris-based Egg Yolk (TEY) extender supplemented with various concentrations of selenium, i.e., group A control (0mM), group B (2mM), gr...
Nabaa Fadhil Abbas*, Raffal A. Omar
...ing were assessed from first-degree burns. The study results revealed that tramadol and remifentanil with epinephrine significantly slowed down the wound-healing process in rabbit burn models compared to the other groups studied. This study investigated the effects of different medications on wound healing in rabbits. The results at various time points, including 7 days, 14 days, and 21 days, were analyzed. At 7 days post-treatment, Tramadol showed a reduction...
Marwa R. El-Deken1, Raouf E. Rizk1, Mona R. Ahmed1, Fouad A. Tawfeek1, Hossam A. Shahba1, Wesam A. Fares1, Ayman M. Khalifah2*
...uality and blood parameters for Inshas chickens during the late laying period was performed. A total of 330 of Inshas chickens aged 50 weeks were randomly divided into five treatment groups. The birds of control group (Glu 1) were not supplied with Glu acid. Rest birds groups were supplemented with Glu as additional doses (0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and1%) for Glu2, Glu 3, Glu 4 and Glu 5, respectively. Egg production percentage and egg mass for Glu 3 and Glu 4 groups were...
Teedzai Chitura*
...biotics as growth promoters in livestock production is the main contributor of antimicrobial resistance. As a result, there have been growing calls by consumers and international health organizations for reduced application of antibiotic growth promoters in livestock production. To address this problem, several animal feed commissioners and summits have ...
Taghreed Jabbar Humadai*, Bushra Ibrahim Al-Kaisei
...parated into 3 groups: First group of 20 rats received distilled water and regular pellets. Second group of 20 rats received weekly injections of 0.5 µg/kg b.w. by I/P route, which was equivalent to 1/20 LD50 of tetrodotoxin. Third group of 20 rats received weekly injections of 1 µg/kg b.w. by I/P route, which was equivalent to 1/10 LD50 of tetrodotoxin. All animals were sacrificed at the conclusion of the experiment (90 days) in order to conduct b...
Shama Sadaf1*, Ayesha Saeed1, Komal Hassan1, Zeeshan Ahmad2 and Maha Naeem Butt1
...it with vinegar. The dye’s colour concentration and color fastness after 15 washes. This research is based on quantitative research. This is experimental research. In this study, access the color concentration on different stages and fastness after 15 washes. In a beaker 1 tablespoon were added and boiled in 100 ml distilled water at 100oC for 10 minutes. After 10 minutes the solution was filtered. Then 15 ml vinegar were added to retain color put the so...
Bilal Saeed Khan1*, Muhammad Aneeb Shahzad1, Muhammad Irfan Ashraf2, Zahid Mahmood Sarwar3, Muhammad Farooq4 and Awias Rasool5
...ory mite (Amblyseius andersoni Chant). The leaf dip method was used to conduct bioassay and this experiment was performed under Complete Randomized Design (CRD) with three replications. The results showed that N. tabacum extract was more toxic to aphids, two-spotted spider mites, ladybird beetles and predatory mites and caused 80.82, 81.49, 39.77 and 51.55% mortalities, respectively, after 96 hours. M. azedarach extract show...
Nadir Ali Birmani1*, Ramesh1, Shakeel Ahmed Memon2, Raheela Noor Memon1, Badar Alam Samejo3 and Mehtab Ali Mahar3
...e identified as the members of genus Gongylonema Molin, 1857 (Spirurida: Spiruroidea: Gongylonematidae) based on presence of various cuticular bosses on anterior portion of the speciemens, a gubernaculum, unequal and dissimilar spicules. Previously, there is no record of genus Gongylonema from the host Tatera indica, therefore, it makes new host record from Sindh province of Pakistan....
Habibeh Jabbari
...different cabbage cultivars and other host plants. High incidence of this nematode revealed by soil and root samples in the vegetable growing farmlands in Tabriz, Iran. Different populations of H. cruciferae were collected from the region and characterized based on morphological, morphometric and molecular features, four out of those populations isolated from the rhizosphere and roots of four different cabbage cultivars were...
Md. Asadujjaman1, Md. Yeamin Hossain2*, Most. Farida Parvin3, Most. Shakila Sarmin2, Fairuz Nawer2, Wasim Sabbir4, Md. Ashekur Rahman2, Nur-E-Farjana Ilah2, Md. Joynal Abedin5, Md. Abdus Samad6 and Gitartha Kaushik7
...formance index, Ø’), life span (tmax), mortality (total, Z; natural, M; fishing, F), recruitment pattern, exploitation rate (E) and maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of ray-finned Chanda nama for the first time from the Ganges River of north-western Bangladesh. A sum of 1260 fish was collected during January to December 2017. The total length (TL) was recorded in the range of 3.3 to 9.9 cm. The negative allometric...
Md. Asadujjaman1, Md. Yeamin Hossain2*, Most. Farida Parvin3, Most. Shakila Sarmin2, Fairuz Nawer2, Wasim Sabbir4, Md. Ashekur Rahman2, Nur-E-Farjana Ilah2, Md. Joynal Abedin5, Md. Abdus Samad6 and Gitartha Kaushik7
...formance index, Ø’), life span (tmax), mortality (total, Z; natural, M; fishing, F), recruitment pattern, exploitation rate (E) and maximum sustainable yield (MSY) of ray-finned Chanda nama for the first time from the Ganges River of north-western Bangladesh. A sum of 1260 fish was collected during January to December 2017. The total length (TL) was recorded in the range of 3.3 to 9.9 cm. The negative allometric...
Faheem Akbar1, Naveed Ahmed4*, Maria Mussarat1, Imtiaz Ahmed4, Dost Muhammad1, Toseef Ahmad2, Muhammad Afaq Akbar1, Shehryar Rafique3, Seemab Ali4, Sohail Aslam4, Basharat Hussain Shah4, Fayaz Ahmad4 and Muhammad Abbas Khan4
...ma levels, these parameters showed linear increases with sulfur levels up to 50 kg ha-1 and then remained unchanged or showed declining trend with further increase in sulphur levels. The mean onion fresh bulb yield increased from 14.11 t ha-1 o 18.91 t ha-1 with 50kg.ha-1 sulphur. Similarly, application of 3kg.ha-1 trichoderma seemed to be optimum level as further increases in trichoderma did not show further increases in yield or growth paramete
Shahabaz Ul Haq1, Khurram Ashfaq1, Arsalan Khan2*, Adeel Khalid1, Shahrood Ahmed Siddiqui3,4, Raheela Taj5, Asad Ullah6, Hidayatullah Soomro7 and Muhammad Wasim Usmani8*
...e OPD clinic of the University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, over a one-year period in 2018. Sixty goats, comprising clinically diagnosed cases of udder edema and healthy controls, were enrolled. Data were collected through structured interviews and physical examinations by veterinary professionals. Stratified random sampling was used for selecting the study subjects. The study identified 60 cases of udder edema, predominantly in the Beetal breed, suggesting a b...
Waseem Abbas, Imtiaz Ahmed* and Imran Khan
...antly improved the bread’s nutritional properties and starch digestibility and was acceptable for consumers....
Mehwish Zafar1, Muhammad Shahzad1*, Muhammad Zubair Akram2, Quratulain3, Mehak Shehzad4 and Samreen Nazeer5*
...centration of salts hampers growth of plants and its yield of biomass by impacting major physiological mechanisms i.e., ionic, oxidative and osmotic stress. One possible and climate resilient strategy is to introduce new crops that can bear high level salinity and allow irrigation with saline water. Quinoa has great potential to grow under saline conditions having outstanding nutritious value. Pot based complete block design was conducted in COMSATS Unive
Safdar Hassan1, Shaukat Ali Bhatti1, Fawwad Ahmad1, Asad Ullah Hyder1, Muhammad Arslan2, Ashar Mehfooz3, Ijaz Saleem3, Muhammad Umar Yaqoob4,5, Mushrraf Nazir1, Muhammad Sharif1*
...tions. ...
Dilruba Akter Mir1, Md. Sahidul Islam¹*, Mosammat Mahamuda Khatun1, Sharmin Zaman1, Bidyut Matubber², Nazmin Sultana Runa3, Zannatul Ferdous3, Tithe Saha3, Md. Anwar Jahid4
...9 serum samples (227 layers and 192 broilers) were randomly collected from apparently healthy, sick and recovered birds. The haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test was used to analyze the chicken sera samples for determination of the titer of the antibodies against NDV. The test results showed that the overall seroprevalence was 13.84% (n = 58/419). Layer chickens (17.62%) were more prevalent for ND than broile
Dilruba Akter Mir1, Md. Sahidul Islam¹*, Mosammat Mahamuda Khatun1, Sharmin Zaman1, Bidyut Matubber², Nazmin Sultana Runa3, Zannatul Ferdous3, Tithe Saha3, Md. Anwar Jahid4
...9 serum samples (227 layers and 192 broilers) were randomly collected from apparently healthy, sick and recovered birds. The haemagglutination inhibition (HI) test was used to analyze the chicken sera samples for determination of the titer of the antibodies against NDV. The test results showed that the overall seroprevalence was 13.84% (n = 58/419). Layer chickens (17.62%) were more prevalent for ND than broile
Naveed Ahmed* and Amjad Usman
...t the Megachilid bee diversity from Pakistan. In this context, a study primarily focused on Genus Megachile Latreille 1802 from grassland and meadows of coniferous forests of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province was conducted. Eight species were recorded, two species (Megachile albifrons, Smith 1853, Megachile pseudodisjuncta, Kumari 2018) are new record to Pakistan, whereas all the eight species are new record to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province. Brief description together...
Samia S. Alkhalil1, Faisal Al-Sarraj2, Abeer S. Aloufi3, Zuhair M. Mohammedsaleh4, Mamdoh S. Moawadh4, Fayez M. Saleh5, Majid Al-Zahrani6, Waheeb Aggad7, Youssef S. Alghamdi8, Mutaib M. Mashraqi9, Saleh Alshamrani9 and
Mona H. Soliman10,11*
...o the four groups. The first group (BD) was kept as control, treated with basal diet. In second group (AF), the rats were treated with aflatoxins (28 µg/kg BW). In the third group (AFBL) the rats were treated with aflatoxins (28 µg/g BW) and Bacillus licheniformis (1 × 108 cfu/mL). In the fourth group (BDBL) the rats were treated with only Bacillus licheniformis (1 × 108 cfu/mL). The parameters studie...
Mubashar Hussain*, Takhmina Nazir and Muhammad Faheem Malik
...ine of these pest predators mainly due to pesticides, habitat reduction, and decreased food availability. Here, we explored the diversity of ladybird beetles in croplands alongside the river Chenab at Wazirabad. We collected coccinellid beetles from seven sampling sites (Behram, Wazirabad City, Khanki, Burj Cheema, Tahli da Kot, Rasool Nagar and Kot Har Auddin) by handpicking and sweeping aerial net fortnightly during 2016-2...
Muhammad Atif Raza1, Muhammad Tariq Javed2, Muhammad Fiaz1*, Muhammad Shakeel3, Muhammad Shahbaz Ul Haq2, Amna Kanwal2, Syeda Maryam Hussain1 and Muhammad Zubair Siddiqi4
...nd lipid profile parameters. Broiler chicks (Age = 1 d and n = 90) were kept under uniform management conditions. Chicks were divided randomly into six groups on day ten of their age with 15 replicates in each; control negative (CN), control positive (CP) and four treatments (T1, T2, T3 and T4). Wheras challenge infection of Salmonella gallinarum was given on nineteen days of age to all experimental birds except of those in CN group. On 22nd day, infected bird...
Kalaiselvi Natarajan1, Karal Marx Karuppiah1, Sheena K Baby1, Sakthivel Mohammed2, Shanmugam Seerappalli Aran1 and Suresh Eswaran1*
...ystem. The matured brooders were administered with three synthetic hormone ovaprim, ovatide and WOVA -FH at 0.7 ml per kg of body weight. Comparatively WOVA-FH at 0.7 ml per kg showed better performance with higher number of ovulated eggs, fertilization and hatching rate than ovaprim and ovatide. For dose optimization, the matured brooders were administered with synthetic hormone WOVA -FH at three different doses viz., 0.3, ...
Kiran Khan1*, Ata ur Rehman2, Jai Dev Maheshwari1, Ghazala Nasim Pasha3, Tayyaba Mumtaz4 and Ruqaya Nangrejo5
...ted on all smartphone users between the ages of 18 and 35. A total of 400 samples were randomly selected from various parts of Karachi. The data was collected between February and March utilizing Google forms as a web-based questionnaire. The questions in the study included excessive smartphone use on day to day basis that was causing referred discomfort in the upper extremities in the previous 30 days. Our findings indicate that as time spent on the smartphon...
Mercy Cuenca-Condoy1*, Lourdes Reinoso-García2, Juan González-Rojas2, Dionel García-Bracho3
... and forty mammary quarters were analyzed, coming from 360 Holstein cows in milk production. The California Mastitis Test (CMT) was used to qualitatively verify the increase in somatic cell count (SCC) in milk to indicate the presence of microorganisms causing bovine mastitis. Of the 1440 quarters studied, 175 were found positive by CMT, these were plated in duplicate and incubated at 37°C for 18 hou
Addisu Jimma1,2*, Aberra Melesse1, Aynalem Haile3, Tesfaye Getachew3
...provements for smallholders in the pioneer sheep breed improvement cooperatives in Ethiopia. Although the Doyogena sheep CBBP is one of the well-performing breeding cooperatives, there is a lack of up-to-date information regarding farmer perspectives on morphological and reproductive changes (such as conformation, coat color, litter size, growth, and lambing interval), socio-economic benefits, off-take, flock structure, and ...
Nadia Kèmi Assana Chabi1, Gildas Codjo Tchemadon1,2*, Olaïgbé Lydie Hounkpatin3, Paul Kouété Jimmy4 and Leonard Antoine Chaffara Afouda1
...dy aims to evaluate farmers’ knowledge and perception of viral diseases that can affect sweetpotato, as well as the control strategies used to manage them. A semi-structured survey was conducted in March and October 2022 among 156 sweetpotato farmers in 11 townships in agro-ecological zones (AEZ) II, VI and VIII of Benin. Among the respondents, 96.3% do not recognize symptoms of swee...
Muhammad Wasif Gulzar*, Riffat Maqsood, Muhammad Zain, Muhammad Suleman, Tayyab Ur Rehman, Sana Asif, Abdul Wadood and Jawad Hussain
...are major rabies reservoirs. The disease is primarily spread by the bite of a rabid animal and the saliva of an infected host. The incubation period (average 2-3 months) varies greatly, with periods ranging from 2 weeks to 6 years. Neuropathological lesions are typically modest, despite significant neurologic symptoms and a deadly prognosis. The Rabies virus uses several strategies to circumvent the host&
Iqtidar Hussain1*, Muhammad Inam Ullah Qaisrani1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Zuhair Hasnian2, Umar Khitab Saddozai1, Muhammad Naeem4, Hadia Gul5 and Moneeza Abbass3
...y powder. Growth parameters like plant, root, shoot lengths and their respective weights were also adversely influenced by contaminated soil. Whole photosynthetic efficiency and plant physiological characters were also severely affected. 25% to 50% germination physiology was disturbed by 15% and 20% parthenium mixed soil respectively. Similar trend of decrease is found in plant biomass and...
Muhammad Shuaib1*, Abdul Hafeez1, Woo Kyun Kim2, Aamir Khan3 and Abubakar Sufyan4
...rum biochemistry parameters were not affected during all phases. The control group had significantly higher duodenum villus height and crypt depth during all phases while ileum villus height was significantly lower in the 9%SH treatment group than in all other groups. In conclusion, the dietary supplementations of soybean hulls increased the digesta viscosity, and have no adverse effect on fecal consistency, hematological an...
Abeer Alahmari1,2*
...ased antioxidant parameters in renal tissue. In contrast, AME alone did not cause renal injury, and it was able to notably improve the toxic impacts of ethanol in the kidney when administered together. In conclusion, AME provided preservation against ethanol toxicity by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS) and relieving oxidative stress as a result of its rich chemical content of furano-sesquiterpenes, which possess powerful antioxidant activities....
Fahad Shahzad1, Muhammad Tahir1, Abdul Hafeez2, Muhammad Shuaib2*, Muhammad Shahkar Uzair2, Abdul Jabbar3, Abubakar Sufyan4, Muhammad Aamir Khan5, Muhammad Ayaz5, Hameed Ullah5 and Hammad Ullah5
...chicks each. All parameters were calculated significantly different. The interaction effect of (P21.5) and enzyme gave the highest feed intake and weight gain value among all the interactions. The highest crude protein was noted for protein level (P19.5) and maximum crude protein was obtained with enzyme treatment. Protein level (P19.5) and treatment having enzyme gave the highest AME. It was noticed that the lowest level of protein gave the highest FCR while ...
Yousef Abdal Jalil Fadladdin1, Ateeq Ullah2*, Raheela Nawaz3, Yagoob Garedaghi4, Abbas M.A. Al-Azab5 and Mashael Abdullah Aldamigh6
...itology Laboratory, University of Malakand for parasite examination. Each of the samples was processed in direct smear methods and examined under microscope first under low power objectives and then higher power Lense. Evidence of infection was noted by the presence of helminth eggs. Out of 200 samples 65% (n=130) were found to be infected with 2 species of soil transmitted helminths including 27% (n=54) A. lumbricoides and ...
Javairia Shafi*, Kashifa Naghma Waheed, Zahid Sharif Mirza and Shaista Razaq
...) in fish growth parameters and feed efficiency was observed among the treatments. There was no significant difference in apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) of dry matter among treatments. Feed ADC (protein) with duckweed at 30% inclusion level was significantly lower (P<0.05) compared to the other treatments. There was no significant difference in muscle composition of fish reared under the four treatments. Results of the present study showed that du...
Muhammad Usman1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani1, Nasir Mehmood2, Muhammad Hassan Saleem1 and Mamoona Chaudhry3
...y. Five clinical biomarkers including fever, anorexia, arthritis, lameness, and lymphadenopathy were used to declare the status of the disease at days zero, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th. Serum samples were also collected on the same days for determining C-reactive protein (CRP) values. The results of clinical biomarkers showed that doxycycline cured the dogs immediately when checked on the 7th day followed by amoxicillin on the...
Sedef Selviler Sizer1, Semih Kurt1*, Burcu Onuk1, Gokmen Zafer Pekmezci2 and Murat Kabak1
...ny and reveal the colony’s meat consumption performance in terms of time. In addition, using hydrogen peroxide solution to kill remaining beetles in the cleaned osteological material and determine the whitening and degreasing efficiency of this solution was also aimed. In the study, approximately 10,000 Dermestes maculatus, along with the heads of six roe deer, three cows, and three cats were used. To observe the meat-cleaning performance, the initial an...
Xin Niu1, Xuelan Fang2, Sang Ba3, Yihao Fang1,4, Davide Fornacca1,7, Kun Tan1,4, Yanpeng Li1,4,5*, Zhipang Huang1,4,5* and Wen Xiao1,4,5,6,7
...ation. No direct encounters between the two species were captured by camera traps, although they did appear up in the same camera traps at altitudes between 2,900 m - 3,500 m. M. mulatta was also observed at elevations below 2,500 m, near the farmland and villages. The two monkey species were mostly recorded at an altitudinal spectrum within 3,100 m - 3,500 m, but with significant differences in seasonal frequencies in the same elevational gradients. The two s...
Mirwaise Khan1, Rubab Maqsood1, Hamad Bin Rashid2, Shakera Sadiq Gill1, Muhammad Noman1, Rafia Akram1, Muhammad Sajid Hasni1, Haroon Rashid3 and Mamoona Chaudhry1*
...es, associated risk factors and required control measures....
Tanveer Jilani1*, Irfan Khan2, Asmat Salim2, Fareena Bilwani1, Bushra Moiz3 and Mohammad Perwaiz Iqbal1,4
...iate into erythroid precursors and eventually in to mature red blood cells. Cluster of differentiation (CD)34 is a known surface marker for identification of primitive human erythroid progenitor cells including EPCs. CD34+ cells can be isolated from peripheral blood samples using magnetic-assisted cell sorting (MACS) or by flowcytometry-mediated cell sorting. There are no reported studies from South Asia in which CD34+-deriv...
Muhammad Adnan1*, Muhammad Nauman Khan2,3, Barkat Ullah2, Faisal Zaman2, Alevcan Kaplan4, Hubert O. Dossou-Yovo5, Sajid Ali Khan Bangash6, Sana Wahab7, Mehreen Ghazal8 and Muhammad Hassan Sarfraz9
...ivum L.) is one of the first domesticated crop plants and is the most widely grown crop in the world, both in terms of cultivated area and yield, and wheat is known to be consumed by about two-thirds of the world’s population. The study was carried out to investigate the elemental and proximate composition of wheat against boron induced stress. Greenhouse experiments were conducted in October 2019 under natural light c...
Abdul Asim Farooq1,2*, Muhammad Arif Khan1, Hamid Akbar1,
Muhammad Ashraf3, Saima Inayat4, Muhammad Usman Saleem5,
Saeed Murtaza2, Maqbool Hussain Shah2 and Muhammad Arshad Javid5
... on metacarpal and metatarsal fracture of Beetal goats presented at the surgery clinic of the University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore, Pakistan. Beetal goats were selected (n=20), and divided into four different groups. The first group was designated as bone plating with bone marrow aspirate (BPMA) in which fracture was reduced by using the bone plates along with the applicatio...
Mouhamed Zakiou Kolawole Adissa Raimi1, Ghulam Hussain2, Nousheen Zafeer3, Faheem Ahmad1, Muhammad Irfan4, Anwar Ullah1, Imdad Kaleem1 and Asghar Shabbir1*
...c and environmental factors. Although, the demyelinated lesions develop throughout the brain, but more frequently are extensive in white matter. Currently, three different approaches are being utilized to treat MS, where synthetic drugs are the most frequently used but they do not cure the disease. Secondly, the stem cell therapy but this too has limited success in treating MS in humans. The thirds technique involving administering hormones has been found to b...
Zuhair Dardona1,2, Adnan Al-Hindi3, Mohamed Hafidi1, Ali Boumezzough1 and Samia Boussaa1,4*
...y one-third of the world’s population and is caused by Toxoplasma gondii, an obligate intracellular parasite. The goal of this research is to detect the existence and genotypes of T. gondii in beef and mutton, two of the most widely consumed red meats in Gaza, Palestine, using both ELISA and PCR techniques. For this purpose, 60 red meat samples were collected from butcheries in Gaza city, during the period from January to March 2021. These samples were d...
Syed Makhdoom Hussain*, Hafiza Hina Shafqat, Muhammad Faisal, Mahnoor Saleem, Zeeshan Yousaf and Muhammad Amjad
...0.48), minimum feed conversion ratio (FCR) (1.11) and maximum specific growth rate (SGR) (1.61) of fingerlings were noted when fed with test diet-VI-based on plant mixture oil. When compared to a control diet (0%) and other oil based experimental diets, such results were significantly different. While minimum growth i.e. WG % (148.13), maximum FCR (1.43) and minimum SGR (1.29) was noted when fingerlings were fed with test diet-IV. In the current study, the bes...
Zhenkun Zhao1,2, Ziniu Alimo2, Xinyue Zhao2, Haifen Qin1, Buddhi Dayananda3, Lichun Jiang1,2* and Wei Chen4*
...llect additional characters for phylogenetic analysis. Current research of avian phylogeny should focus on adding molecular markers and taxa samples and use both effectively to reconstruct a better resolution for disputed species....
Gokarna Gautam1*, Hari Adhikari1, Bhuminand Devkota1, Subir Singh2
...ation (FTAI) at 16-20 hours after second GnRH. Buffaloes in Group T2 (CIDR-synch, n=30) were treated as in group T1 except that a CIDR containing 1.9 gm progesterone was inserted into the vagina on d0 and removed on d7. Ovarian cyclicity status during CIDR insertion and the presence of corpus luteum (CL) on 8-9 day after FTAI were determined using transrectal ultrasonography. Estrus expression rate (96.7% vs 68%; P=0.008) and ovulation rate (93.3% vs 76%; P=0....
Fika Yuliza Purba1,4*, Andi Magfira Satya Apada1, Andi Ariyandy2, Irwan Ismail1,4, Subaedy Yusuf3,4
...Disease (FMD) has an adverse effect on numerous animals with cloven hooves, including cattle, sheep, goats, buffalo, pigs, etc. Therefore, this study aimed to examine hematological and biochemical profile of cattle, based on different stages of FMD infection. A total of 24 blood samples were collected from Bali cattle, then grouped into 4, based on the estimated age of lesion inflicted on the animals: Group A (no lesions), Group B (early stage), Group C (advan...
Ali Hassan1, Javaria Ashraf1*, Salman Wahid1, Kamran Alyas1, Samaria Nisar1, Sadia Kanwal2, Nadia Hussain Ahmad2, Amna Bibi2 and Rameen Nawaz3
... crossed with three testers (CEMB-100, RH-662 and NIAB-5) using line × tester crossing design, which resulted 15 F1 hybrids. The analysis of variance found significant variation between the parents and hybrids, demonstrating the presence of genetic diversity. For several traits including plant height, number of nodes per plant, number of bolls, boll weight, yield per plant, percentage of ginning outturn (GOT%), fiber l...
Shishir Sharma1*, Suk Bahadur Gurung2, Ritesh Kumar Yadav1, Bibek Phulara1 and Laxmi Prasad Joshi1
...l Maize Research Program’s research farm in Rampur, Chitwan. The goal includes identifying correlations between genotypes, estimating the proportionate contribution of various disease characteristics, and selecting eligible parent lines for hybridization purposes utilizing principal component analysis and Ward’s clustering. Correlation assessment revealed a negative relationship between disease paramete
Shakil Ahmed1, Mahin Das2, Md. Rayhan Sojib3*, Shishir Kanti Talukder4, Sadia Sultana5, Prantika Datta1, Shofiqul Islam1 and Gazi Md. Mohsin2
...on percentage, days to first flowering, fruit weight, fruits per plant, fruit length, seeds per plant, and yield. The study compared local hybrids (Saba, Lalbeni, Tokii, and 1070) and exotic hybrid (White Beauty, imported from Thailand) using a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD). The results revealed that exotic hybrid varieties had a positive significant difference (p<0.001) in the number of seeds per fruit compared to other local hybrids. Local hybri...
Muhammad Usman1, Majid S. Hashmi1, Ayaz Ahmad1*, Fawad Ahmad2 and Zahid Alam1
...reat to health of consumers generally and diabetes patients particularly. Moreover, some low-calorie products did not meet sensory preferences of consumers. Therefore, this research was conducted to evaluate the quality and acceptability of a low-caloric orange drink by incorporating various concentrations of stevia powder and storing it within a temperature range of 20±0.4°C. The investigated treatments included:...
Shahbaz Hussain1, Asif Ameen2*, Muhammad Ehsan Safdar3, Atif Naeem1, Ahmad Jawad1, Madad Ali1, Muhammad Ather Nadeem3, Ghulam Abbas2, Muhammad Arif2, Muhammad Ahmad Zafar4, Zahid Hassan5
...e highest number of tillers (137.3 in 2014 and 141.3 in 2015), grains panicle-1 (77 in 2014 and 79 in 2015), final paddy yield (1983.8 and 1570 kg ha-1 in 2014 and 2015, respectively), and net economic returns (Rs. 95915 ha-1), followed by the use of Puma Super at 46.33 g a.i. ha-1 which offered the next best economic benefits (Rs. 81906 ha-1). Thus, applying Puma Super at 92.66 g a.i. ha-1 is appeared viable approach to control grassy weed flora and ensure hi...
Iqra Munir*, Farrah Iftikhar, Hira Fatima, Sunbal Khalil Chaudhari and Roha Ramash
...cted using surveys and personal interviews with local inhabitants, involving 30 males and 20 females across a wide range of age groups ranging from 25 to 80 years. The participants also included traditional practitioners of herbal medicines, known as ‘tabibs’ and ‘hakims. Household and market surveys were conducted in the rural areas of...
Jin Jiao1, Jin Song1, Yuanyuan Cui1, Yilin Wang2, Yanling Li1, Jing Li1, Yan Su1, Xiaojing Du3, Yan Wang3, Guiping Sun3 and Minxiang Wei4*
...ity Index, the Chinese version of the Multidimensional Fatigue Scale and the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale were used to analyse the relationship between fatigue and sleep disorders, anxiety and depression, assess the depression status and explore the relationship between myocardial infarction. In this study, 55.3% of patients had sleep disorders, 25.3% had anxiety tendencies with a...
Umair Ahmad1*, Asad Sultan1, Sarzamin Khan1 and Muhammad Tahir2
...t digestibility of broilers fed a high level of poultry by-product meal-based (PBM) diet. A total of 320-day-old broiler birds were assigned to four dietary treatments CON, N-CON, GPP1, and GPP2. CON a commercial corn-soybean meal-based diet as per ROSS-308 nutritional specifications. N-CON was a 6.5% PBM-based diet and to this group, a ginger-derived phyto-protease was added at two levels in treatments GPP1 (50 mg kg-1 feed) and GPP2 (100 mg kg-1 feed), respe...
Kanwal Razzaq1*, Mudssar Aslam1, Sana Arif2, Ansa Idrees3 and Fatima Mubashir3
...t, water quality parameters comprising of temperature, pH and DO was checked. Results showed that organic acid supplementation increase concentration of trace elements retention in silver carp fingerlings. The minimal activity retained by trace elements was observed in diets containing lactic acid. The results presented that best responses showed lactic acid in comparison of other dietary supplemented organic acids....
Shahzad Aslam1*, Amjad Rashid Kayani2, Muhammad Irfan Ashraf3, Muhammad Azhar Jameel2 and Kiran Sahar4
...on (N 330 44’25.5” E 0730 03’15.3”). Topography is rugged and the climate is sub-tropical semi-arid. The flora of the park is mainly subtropical evergreen scrub forest on the lower slopes and subtropical pine forest at higher elevations. The data were collected by direct field observations on five selected groups: A, B, C, D and E of rhesus monkey in various parts of the study area. Food r...
Qurrat ul Ain Shafique1, Sana Batool2, Hanfa Ashfaq2, Asima Tayyab2, Roquyya Gul3 and Mahjabeen Saleem1*
... concentrations of inducers (IPTG and lactose) and post induction time. Maximum expression of IL-2 was achieved in LB with 0.5 mM IPTG for 6 hours post induction time. A denaturing purification scheme (Immobilized metal affinity chromatography) was employed for the purification of IL-2. The refolding of the purified IL-2 was achieved by stepwise dialysis method using urea gradient (8M-0M). Human IL-2 was recovered from 1 lit...
Philip O. Akporhuarho1, Ufuoma Godstime Sorhue1*, Adimabua Mike Moemeka2, Onyinye Stella Onwumere-Idolor3, Jonathan Ujomu1, Emmanuel Abadah1, Jennfer Aaron1
...boracre strains of broilers were randomly allotted into four dietary treatments. Treatments one (control) had no ACSM in the diet but was given routine antibiotics medication for broilers. Treatments two (T2), three (T3), and four (T4) had ACSM at 1%, 1.5%, and 2% inclusion levels. The experimental diet was fed for 8weeks; Daily feed intake and weekly body weight were collected, panelist were trained for sensory evaluation o...
Marah Salim Hameed1, Ali Ibrahim Ali Al-Ezzy2*
...ldwide problem that impairs our bodies’ physiological systems is nitrate toxicity. Evaluation of antioxidant, nephroprotective and immunomodulatory activity of vitamins C and E -sodium selenite in mice intoxicated with sodium nitrate. Thirty healthy adult male mice of 25-30gm body weight divided randomly into six groups (5 mice/each) administered the following daily for 2 weeks, respectively: Vitamin E -sodium selenite...
Elie Brigitte Mawussi1*, Arnaud Koffi Assah2, Essozimna Abalo Kulo1
...duction, exclusively cow’s dairy, cannot cover the needs of the country which do the powdered milk importation. To diversify dairy production, an experimental breeding of Saanen dairy goat imported from Belgium was undertaken in southern Togo early year 2020. This study evaluates reproduction and milk production performance of Saanen dairy goat raised in southern Togo. The animals are raised in permanent stable and fed...
Dio Fico Felsidan Diatmono1, Seraphina Kumala1, Pradita Iustitia Sitaresmi2, Stefani Winda Paramita1, Megawati Andi1, Yustina Yuni Suranindyah3, Diah Tri Widayati1*
...n this study (age 2-4 years, BCS 3, and multiparous). The same management was given throughout this research and the feed intake was observed daily. The blood was taken during the follicular and luteal phase which was validated from data of vaginal smear. The obtained serum from whole blood was immediately for total protein, cholesterol, glucose, and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels assay. The spectrophotometry method used for biochemical data using specifics ...
Hayder S. Rwayyih*, Tahani S.S. Al-Azawi
... biological cardiac markers include creatinine phosphokinase, C- reactive protein and troponin and histology of heart and aorta in intact and ovariectomized rabbits. Twenty rabbits, aged seven to eight weeks, were employed in this investigation. The animals were split up evenly into the following four groups: The intact rabbits in Group One (G1) were given distilled water. The intact rabbits in Group Two (G2) were given an oral dose of alpha lipoic acid (10 mg...
Ndubuisi Chinedu Adikuru1*, Paul Inyang2, Abraham Agwu Ngwuta1, Chinyere Prisca Anyanwu1 and Rosemond Adaohuru Alagba1
...re evaluated over two years to identify those which could be included in the strategy for adapting to climate variability and change in the rainforest agroecology of Nigeria. The treatments were ten (10) maize varieties (eight drought tolerant varieties, an improved hybrid adapted to the location and a landrace) and two planting years. The experiment conducted in the field was according to split-plot arrangement in a randomi...
Abdelghafour El-Hamzaoui*, Mouloud Lamtai, Laila Ibouzine‑Dine, Sofia Azirar, Mohamed Yassine El-Brouzi, Ayoub Rezqaoui, Aboubaker El-Hessni, Abdelhalem Mesfioui
...neurodegenerative disorders. These compounds are also suspected of being involved in the induction of affective disorders. The present study was undertaken to examine the dose-dependent impact of GBH exposure over 8-week period on anxiety- and depression-like behaviors in male Wistar rats, administering daily subcutaneous injections of four different doses 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg/kg of GBH ...
Saadatin Nurul Jannah1, Edhy Sudjarwo1, Osfar Sjofjan2*
...y weight gain, feed conversion ratio, production index) and blood profile (haemoglobin, haematocrit, erythrocytes, leukocytes). The experimental design used a Complete Randomized Design, and the research data were analysed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA), if a significantly different result is obtained, it is continued with Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The results showed no significant effect of treatment (P>0.0...
Abdel Satar Arafa
...ied as G1 ‘Western’ Viruses and related to the circulating viruses in the Middle East. In addition to Y439 lineage recorded in South Africa farmed ostriches. The infection with H9N2 is frequently displaying moderate-to-high morbidity and mortality in the field especially when comes associated with bacterial or viral infections or with many other factors such as poor biosecurity, mal-nutrition and managemental pro...
Muhammad Ilyas Riaz1, Masood Rabbani1*, Sohail Raza1, Ali Raza Awan2, Aleena Kokab1, and Rida Haroon Durrani1
...galy and showed higher persistence with significantly higher splenic CFUs in the mice group at 10th and 20th DPI as compared to B. abortus ΔpurD mutant. The histopathological comparison of spleens from both groups also revealed much infiltration of giant macrophages in the B. abortus ΔpurD mice group as compared to the parent RB51 mice group indicating superior immune response generation. The findings of this study revealed that the highly attenuat...
Noor-ul-Ain1, Zulfiqar Ali1*, Saba Naz1, Kiran Saleem1,2, Syeda Rida Hasan1, Sana Arif1, Rida Ahmad1,3, Nida Naeem1, Zarmina Zainab1 and Aliza Batool1,3
...stify;">Asiatic black bears (Ursus thibetanus laniger) are natural inhabitants of deciduous forests. They live solitary in their natural habitat. Their captive behaviour was studied by taking two Asiatic black bear pairs as study subjects in Lahore Zoo, Pakistan. The study was based on the provision of environmental enrichments to the bear pairs. Each pa...
Asad Ali1*, Khalid Javed1, Imran Zahoor1, Khalid Mahmood Anjum2, Numan Sharif1, Imtiaz Ahmad3 and Aftab Hussain Aftab3
... trends during the 12 years of the study....
Muhammad Asif Iftikhar1, Talat Naseer Pasha2, Saima Inayat1, Khalid Javed3 and Rahman Ullah4*
...rch Center, B-block University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Pattoki and Nili Ravi buffalo milk procured from Nili Ravi buffalo Research Institute (BRI), Pattoki. All other ingredients purchased from Sigma Aldrich Germany through local suppliers. Milk was standardized to 15% total solids with 3.5% fat. Skim Milk Powder (SMP) was used for the standardization of the yogurt. Milk was pasteurized at 82oC for 5 minutes and c...
Igor Ponjiger1, Milutin Kovacevic1*, Vladimir Markovic1, Zoran Ristic1 and Vukan Lavadinovic2
...and to decline in biodiversity, including the European hare (Lepus europaeus), especially in the lowland regions. Even though European hare mostly adapted to intensive agricultural habitats, the population densities have decreased throughout Europe since the 1960s. Previous research reported field size to be one of the most important predictors of the hare population. We aimed to assess the effect of habitat heterogeneity an...
Noura K. Al-Suwailem1, Nancy N. Kamel2, Ahmed O. Abbas1,3*, Farid S. Nassar1,3 , Dalia A.A. Elsayed4, Gouda F. Gouda1,5, Hosam M. Safaa6
...atively influences broilers’ productivity and profitability. Stress exposure induces oxidative stress, which affects the general metabolism of heat-stressed birds and impairs carcass yield and meat quality. We investigated the impact of Moringa oleifera leaf meal (MLM) supplementation in heat-stressed (HS) broilers on their blood metabolites, antio...
Gilmar Jesús Cañarte-Cañarte1, Ernesto Gonzalo Cañarte-Bermúdez2*, José Bernardo Navarrete-Cedeño2, Luis Fernando Díaz-Toral1, Carlos Eddy Alvarado-Zamora1 and Fernando David Sánchez-Mora1*
...tion of the studied factors registered higher values in agronomic and productive variables when compared to the control treatment (conventional spacing used by farmers).
...
Luis Fernando Díaz-Toral1, Carlos Eddy Alvarado-Zamora1, Ernesto Gonzalo Cañarte-Bermúdez2*, José Bernardo Navarrete-Cedeño2, Gilmar Jesús Cañarte-Cañarte1 and Fernando David Sánchez-Mora1*
... means was done by Tukey’s test (P<0.05). The results indicated that the application of mepiquat chloride at 50 days after sowing (DAS) performed better in most of the agronomic and productive variables evaluated in this study. The leaf greenness index variable reported higher values with doses greater than 300 mL. The application of the MC, allowed to reduce the height of the plants, contributing to the good structure of the plant, efficiently using ...
Julio Adolfo Corzo-Bacallao1*, Carlos Alfredo Salas-Macías1, Osvaldo Fonseca-Rodríguez2,3, Felipe R. Garcés-Fiallos1, Erika Isabel Alcívar-Muñoz1 and Henry Fabricio Baque-Loor1
...of approximately 300 meters above sea level. Coffee (Coffea arabica, sp.) production is carried out in a context of peasant family agriculture, with an agroforestry system with coffee trees of the Sarchimor variety planted at 1.5 x 1.5 m, interspersed with tree species typical of the dry forest. The system involves manual weed control, without fertilization, irrigation, phytosanitar...
Minh Thi Le Bui1, Thanh Minh Le2, Thuan Khanh Nguyen1*
...eed intake and feed conversion ratio were similar among the five treatments. Weight gain was significantly different among the five treatments. Weight gain was significantly higher in T2, T3, and T5 treatments than in control treatment T1. The supplementation of A. fistulosum L. powder at 5 g/kg and 15 g/kg feed improved the weight gain of chickens.
Keywords | Allium fistulosum L., Antibody titer, Chicken growth, Local chickens, ...
Thuong Thi Nguyen1*, Nhu Quynh Ho1, Thuan Khanh Nguyen2, Tuan Phong Vu Anh Vo3, Hai Thanh Duong4
...ps were implanted in cow’s necks to monitor their rumination indexes and physical activities. Based on rumination time and milk yield data, the alerts of Health–milked from cows HIS < 75 units were reported daily. Of 250 cows 0-90 days of milking, 205 cows had at least one disease, and 45 were healthy. The SCR system sensitivity was 58.33%. Rumination alerts recorded 345 alerts, including 203 alerts of diseases after clinical examination, in whi...
Yanis Cruz-Quintana1*, Ana María Santana-Piñeros1, Byron Manuel Reyes-Mero1, Leonela Griselda Muñoz-Chumo1 and Lenin Cáceres-Farías1,2
...dentata, its parameters of infection, and associated damages in three aquaculture farms of P. brachypomus located in Puyo, El Coca and in Joya de los Sachas, Ecuadorian Amazon. In each farm, 15 fish were collected randomly. The size and weight of fishes were recorded, and smears were made from the surface of the skin, gills and fins for the detection of trichodinid parasites. Gill fragments of parasitized fish wer...
Muhmmad Asif1, Khunsa Khakwani1, Muhammad Hasnain1*, Farrukh Ilahi1, Muhammad Hussnain Babar1, Shahid Munir Chuhan1, Jehanzeb Farooq1, Hafiz Ghazanfar Abbas1, Iqra Parveen1, Ghulam Sarwar2, Saeed Ahmad2 and Hammad Hussnain2
...>There are numerous factors that cause reduction in cotton yield and quality, insect attack is one of the major limiting factors for optimum cotton production. Among cotton pest whitefly, jassid and thrips are more important in sucking pests while pink bollworm is very destructive among bollworms. Therefore, the present study was planned to work out the behavior of different cotton cultivars
Wajid Ali1, Muhammad Noman Khan1*, Ghulam Nabi1, Shahid Ur Rahman1, Saira Sattar2, Muhammad Fawad Khan1, Saeed Ur Rahman1, Sayed Zubair1, Qurat Ul Ain1, Muhammad Sabeeh1 and Afsar Ali3
...as consisted of two factors and was carried out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications. Factor ‘A’ was solution application forms i.e. fresh Moringa leaf extract solution and dry Moringa leaf powder solution, while Factor B was Moringa leaf extract levels (0, 2, 4, 6, and 8%). Different forms of Moringa leaf extract solution and levels positively affected growth and yield of okra. The ...
Faisal Ali1, Abdul Aziz Khakwani1, Iqtidar Hussain1, Ghazanfar Ullah1, Atiq Ahmad Ali Zai2, Moneeza Abass3, Zuhair Hasnain4* and Sara Zafar5*
... Agriculture, Gomal University, D.I. Khan to observe the effect of different fertilizer doses on the yield, biomass and the response of different cultivars of sweet sorghum, during the Kharif season (2015–16). The study was carried out using a split-plot layout and a randomized complete block design (RCBD). The cultivars of sweet sorghum were chosen for the main plots, while fertiliz...
Muhammad Ayyub, Mitha Khan*, Syed Abdul Malik, Sakhawat Ali, Syed Shamsullah, Mujeeb ur Rehman, Ikhlaq Ahmed, Ameer Uddin, Habibullah Kakar, Mohammad Zahid, Khalil Ahmed, Mana Khan, Mukhtiar Ahmed, Muhammad Rafiq Khetran, Zia ul Haq and Muhammad Azam
...tant for the plant breeders. It has been used for selection of suitable parents for true development of the hybrids. The current research was carried-out to determine heritability, general combing ability (GCA) and specific combing ability (SCA) during (Rabi Season 2018-19) at Directorate of Oilseed Crops, ARI Sariab, Quetta, Balochistan. The research trial was arranged in a Randomized Complete Block design (RCBD) with three repeats. The results from analysis ...
Evy Rossi1*, Fajar Restuhadi1, Raswen Efendi1, Yusmarini1, Rahmayuni1, Emma Riftyan1, Bisma Panca Winata2, Yolanda Ashara2, Usman Pato1
...urt made using fresh cow’s milk (FCM) had the following characteristics: water content 84.02–86.18%, protein content 3.43–3.74%, fat content 3.32–3.38%, pH 4.13–4.44, TTA 1.77-2.06%, total LAB 10.32–10.76 log CFU/ml, viscosity 2430.15–4497.55cP, and Syneresis 0.00−0.07%. This research concluded that using MY starter for making yogurt using the back-sloping fermentation method could be used for up to seven and nin...
Muhammad Ali Raza1*, Aneela Zameer Durrani2, Bilques Bano3, Muhammad Muddassir Ali4, Nazia Rubab5, Syed Tasadak Mehdi6, Muhammad Wasim Iqbal7, Kumay Hassan Akhtar8, Aqeel Raza9, Ujala Fatima Shan10, Muhammad Aftab11
...ntibiotic Resistance occurs due to the use of excessive amount of antibiotics for the growth and development of livestock. 90 samples of each weigh about 50 grams have been collected from Lahore and brought to University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore in a Laboratory and applied HPLC technique on samples and found residues of Penicillin and oxytetracycline in different percentages (11% and 9%, respectively) and pe...
Huma Naz1*, Sajid Abdullah2, Tanveer Ahmed3*, Khalid Abbas2, Syed Qaswar Ali Shah1, Muhammad Rizwan1, Fareeha Latif4, Adnan Ahmad Qazi1, Muhammad Adeel Hassan5
...trial and aquatic biodiversity is directly affected by overuse of insecticides. Present study was conducted to find out the genotoxic effect of insecticides on DNA damage and nuclear anomalies in RBCs of Labeo rohita after exposure to chlorpyrifos+endosulfan (CPF+END) by using Comet and Micronucleus Assay. Twenty fingerlings of L. rohita was kept in LC50 concentration of CPF+END, (1.95±0.02 μgL-1 for 96 h) for 5 days after acclimatization. The blood ...
Asmit Subba1*, Jash Hang Limbu2 and Laxman Khanal1*
...cantly from their congeners based on small size, completely separated pectoral spine from rays bearing 9–10 serrae along the inner edge and united anal-caudal fin. In Nepal, only one species of Heteropnuestes, i.e., H. fossilis has been reported. Based on the morphometric and meristic characteristics, this study reports the first-ever record of another species (H. nani) under the genus from eight locations in Jhapa Dis...
Bilal Atta1*, Arshed Makhdoom Sabir1, Muhammad Dildar Gogi2, Muhammad Asif Farooq3, Muhammad Ijaz1, Tahir Hussain Awan1, Muhammad Ahsin Ayub4, Muhammad Usman Saleem1, Amara Nasiba1
...on data spanning four years (2019-2022) were collected through the use of light traps revealed distinct peak populations for each species at different times. Scirpophaga innotata exhibited a consistent peak population in September, with a significant increase from 2019 to 2020, followed by a decline from 2020 to 2021. However, a remarkable increase was observed from 2021 to 2022. Sesamia inferens displayed varying peak populations across the yea
Naveed Akhtar, Hafiz Muhammad Tahir*, Azizullah, Aamir Ali
...l role as natural predators providing dynamic services in agriculture. The coccinellid fauna in the agricultural ecosystem of Pakistan, as well as their composition, drivers of assemblages, and species richness, lack comprehensive understanding and remain poorly documented. We studied biodiversity, species richness, and seasonal dynamics of coccinellids ...
Muhammad Adnan Khalid1, Syed Makhdoom Hussain1*, Shafaqat Ali2,3*, Abdullah Ijaz Hussain4, Muhammad Asrar1, Nisar Ahamd5, Majid Hussain6 and Muhammad Zubair-ul-Hassan Arsalan7
...fferent sources of biochars (poultry waste, farmyard manure, vegetable waste and corncob waste biochars), could improve the body minerals, body composition and serum antioxidant status of C. mrigala fingerlings except parthenium biochar. This study indicates that biochar could be used as supplement in fish diets to improve mineral status, carcass composition, and antioxidant activity.
Saira Jabeen1, Muhammad Avais1*, Jawaria Ali Khan1, Kamran Ashraf2, Aftab Ahmad Anjum3
...through vaccination appears feasible and economically prudent. This study was aimed at preparation and evaluation of mastitis vaccines prepared by using local E. coli isolate, bearing the aggR gene, derived from mastitis cases in dairy cows. Prior to embarking on vaccine preparation, the immunogenicity of this E. coli (aggR) strain was determined across various concentrations in a cohort of 20 locally bred rabbits. For preparation of vaccines, the antigen conc...
Jinzhao Li1, Yawen Zhang2, Binghan Jia1, Yuqiong Zhao1, Huijuan Luo1, Xiaojie Ren1, Yuan Li3, Xiaoyan Bai1, Jing Ye3 and Junping Li1*
...istal colonic muscle layers using opioid-induced constipation (OIC) rat model and to explore the mechanistic correlation between the tau phosphorylation and occurrence of OIC. The rat model of OIC was generated by intraperitoneal (i.p) injection of loperamide hydrochloride (Lop; 5mg/kg), and was evaluated by examining the fecal properties, intestinal propulsion mobility, immunohistochemistry (IHC), western blot (WB) and ELISA for detecting levels of Tau, P-Ser...
Featuring
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LY6K Promotes Proliferation and Energy Metabolism of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells by Regulating Aerobic Glycolysis
Yan Wang, Lin Liu, Na Li, Yijun Zong, Wei Liu, Wenhua Xu, Qi Wang, Peijuan Zhang and Huiling Feng
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 56, Iss. 3, pp. 1337-1344
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Modulation of Tau Expression in the Colonic Muscle Layer of a Rat Model with Opioid-Induced Constipation
Jinzhao Li, Yawen Zhang, Binghan Jia, Yuqiong Zhao, Huijuan Luo, Xiaojie Ren, Yuan Li, Xiaoyan Bai, Jing Ye and Junping Li
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 56, Iss. 3, pp. 1323-1335
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Agricultural Habitat Heterogenity Impact on the European Hare (Lepus europaeus) Density in Vojvodina Region (Serbia)
Igor Ponjiger, Milutin Kovacevic, Vladimir Markovic, Zoran Ristic and Vukan Lavadinovic
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 56, Iss. 3, pp. 1315-1321
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Application of UAV Image Detection Based on CBPSO Algorithm in Crop Pest Identification
Li Tian, Chun Wang, Hailiang Li, Haitian Sun and Chang Wang
Pakistan J. Zool., Vol. 56, Iss. 3, pp. 1305-1314
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