Molecular Detection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in Calves of Al-Anbar Provinces
Molecular Detection of Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) in Calves of Al-Anbar Provinces
Mohammed A. Hamad1*, Murtadha Abdule Mahdi Al-Mudhafar2, Alaa Fayeq Habeeb3, Firas R. Jameel1, Ismael Raheem Al-Muhana2, Najemaddin A. Hamad5
ABSTRACT
Bovine pneumonia is a complex disease which results in significant financial losses. The aims of this investigation were to identify the respiratory syncytial virus, the prevalence of infection that has spread throughout Al-Anbar region, and the factors that contributed to the infection in Calves also by detecting the virus using a molecular technique. In this study, fifty-two (n=52) nasal swabs were collected from male and females in young cattle by using viral transport media from the period between October 2022 and April 2023 and were utilized by time PCR (RT-PCR). Thus, the virus was identified by employing this technique, which is a more precise and sensitive method of detection. The system utilized for nucleic acid extraction was RT-PCR compatible, and successfully extracted the virus’ genome and detected the suspected animals with RSV. Were calves’ male RSV infection with a prevalence of (68%), which was significantly higher than the female (32%) rate for young cows. Moreover, a significant difference between Holstein Friesian and Local-cross breed in the percentage of RSV viral infection (χ2= 6.231, p= 0.013) was noticed, which revealed that Holstein Friesian are more susceptible to RSV. Also, a significant difference was found between male and female in both breed in percentage of RSV viral infection (χ2 = 4.923, p = 0.027). We also found that there was highly significant difference between the strains of RSV (p = 0.000) in RSV-positive animals. The infection of calves with genotype B was more (n=13 cases) compared to 7 and 10 cases of genotype A and genotype AB, respectively. Based on these findings, i is plausible to recommend a wider use of the vaccine in small animals less than 2 years with pneumonia and the periodic examination when symptoms first appeared.
Keywords | RSV, Genotype A&B, Calf, Respiratory tract, Real time PCR
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November 2024
Vol. 12, Sp. Iss. 1
