Identification of Genetic Lineage of Peshawar and Nowshera Tribes through Dental Morphology
Identification of Genetic Lineage of Peshawar and Nowshera Tribes through Dental Morphology
Muhammad Zubair1, Habib Ahmad2*, Brian E. Hemphill3, Muhammad Tariq4 and Muzafar Shah5
ABSTRACT
Analyzing the diversity of non metric phenotypic traits of the mature teeth, in three ethnic groups’ viz. Daudzai, Khalil and Mohmand of Peshawar districts, of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province (KP) of Pakistan. Dental casts obtained from both mandible and maxilla of 375 volunteers in which 75 male and 50 females of all the tribes. The dental casts for each individual were analyzed for a set of 35 tooth-trait accordance with the Arizona State University Dental Morphology System. The data was compared with the secondary information of 3842 individuals representing 36 other ethnic groups of different parts of KP, peninsular India prehistoric samples of Indus valley Central Asia and South Asia. Inter sample affinities based upon pair wise MMD values were examined with neighbor-joining cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling. The results remained highly consistent throughout different data reduction techniques. The consistency in phenetic affinities was even evident when they were considered in the backdrop of living ethnic groups of peninsular Indians and prehistoric inhabitants of the Indus Valley and South-Central Asia. When consideration was limited to the people of Northern Pakistan, the uniqueness of Khalil and Daudzai, was emphasized. A comparison of the people from Peshawar emphasizes the uniqueness with south-central Asia, and shared no affinities to South Asians either living or prehistoric. These results show the influence of the past expansions and migrations have had upon the Pakistani population.
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June 2021
Vol. 53, Iss. 3, Pages 801-1200
