Deleterious Impact of Sodium Chloride (NaCl) Toxicity on Chemical Properties of Soil and Ionic Composition of Rice
Hafiz Muhammad Wasim1, Ghulam Sarwar1*, Noor-Us-Sabah1, Mukkram Ali Tahir1, Muhammad Aftab2, Muhammad Zeeshan Manzoor1, Ayesha Zafar1, Imran Shehzad1, Aneela Riaz3, Abid Niaz2, Khurshid Ahmad Mufti4 and Muhammad Arif2
ABSTRACT
This experiment was conducted to assess the deleterious impact of NaCl salinity on rice growth parameters. Selection of soil with customary characteristics was done. Various levels of salinity; < 4, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 and 14 dS m-1 were established precisely using NaCl salt. Soil was left for appropriate period (30 days) for the accomplishment of salinity. Completely Randomized Design (CRD) was used for layout of the experiment. Transplantation of seedlings was performed in all pots. Application of mineral fertilizers @ recommended rates was done. Crop was grown till maturity and plant samples were collected from each pot for chemical analysis (Na and K). Soil samples were also collected from all treatment pots and subjected to laboratory for determination of various chemical properties (pH, EC and SAR). To calculate SAR values of soil, concentration of Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ were also determined from all soil samples. It was observed from the results that addition of NaCl proved toxic for different chemical properties of soil as values of pH (7.23 to 8.44), EC (2.96 to 13.54) and SAR (2.45 to 11.57) were impaired negatively and in systematic manner with the increase of NaCl concentration in soil and in all treatments when compared with control. Same trend was observed for various cations like Ca2+, Mg2+ and Na+ when analyzed in soil samples. In plant samples of rice, concentration of Na was enhanced in all treatments when compared with control while trend of K was in contrast to Na which decreased with the increasing level of Na. Injurious impact of NaCl was more pronounced as the concentration of salt increased in the treatments. All the data were subjected to statistical analysis for the assessment of significance level of various treatments.
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