A Study of the Distribution of the Tigris River Sediments and the Variation of their Chemical, Physical and Mineral Properties and the Effect Caused by Kut Dam
A Study of the Distribution of the Tigris River Sediments and the Variation of their Chemical, Physical and Mineral Properties and the Effect Caused by Kut Dam
Layth Saleem Salman Al-Shihmani
ABSTRACT
A study was conducted for the sediments of the Tigris River in Wasit Governorate, Iraq, near the Kut Dam, to determine its chemical, physical and mineral properties. After the soil horizons of the study were determined , samples were taken from each horizon according to the specific depth of each horizon, and the laboratory examination was conducted for the physical and chemical properties. As for the mineral examination, it was conducted for only two depths (surface depth and subsurface depth). The results showed a variation in the chemical properties represented by the electrical conductivity values, pH of soil, organic matter, carbonate minerals, and the cationic exchange capacity of the soil between the front and rear of the Kut Dam. As for the physical properties, there was a variation in the particle size distribution in the soil (sand and clay), as well as the values of the particle’s density and bulk density and total porosity of the soil between the front and rear of the Kut Dam. There was also a variation in the size distribution of some sand fraction. As for the sand minerals, a discrepancy was noted in some heavy and light sand minerals between the front and rear of the dam. It was found that both the difference in the mineral content of the sedimentary cycles and the effect of the Kut Dam on the velocity of the flow of the river load had a role in the variation in the distribution of soils in that region.
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