Immunostimulant Effect of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) in Broiler Vaccinated and Challenged with Newcastle Disease Virus
Immunostimulant Effect of Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) in Broiler Vaccinated and Challenged with Newcastle Disease Virus
Tri Untari1*, Sitarina Widyarini2, Michael Haryadi Wibowo1, Marla Anggita1
ABSTRACT
Ethanolic extract and essential oil of red ginger have been reported to harbor an antiviral effect on Newcastle disease virus (NDV) infection in ovo. This study was aimed to evaluate the activity of red ginger powder, ethanolic extract, and essential oil as immunostimulant agent during NDV challenge in vivo. Chickens were divided into seven groups of different treatment regimens. Group I - IV were vaccinated NDV while group V-VII were unvaccinated. Each group was treated with either red ginger powder (group I and V), ethanolic extract (group II and VI), essential oil (group III and VII). Group IV served as the untreated control. The analyses were done by measuring the NDV antibody titers using hemagglutination inhibition test and histological studies to observe the toxic effect of red ginger to the chicken livers and kidneys. Antibody titers in group I, II, III and IV were determined as HI (log)2 average and were recorded 3.81, 2.91, 3.13 and 0.95, while the geometric mean titers (GMT) were 13.9, 8.6, 7.5 and 1.9 respectively. The unvaccinated groups (V, VI, VII) exhibited 0 and 1 as HI (log)2 and GMT respectively. There was a significant difference between the measured antibody titer of group I and other groups (p<0.05). No histopathological change was found in the livers and kidney suggesting there was no toxic effect of red ginger administration to the chickens. Red ginger powder could provide the highest immunostimulant effect on NDV vaccinated chicken with no toxic effect to the chickens.
Keywords | Antibody response, Immunostimulant, Newcastle disease, Red ginger, Broiler
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