Comparative Analysis of Genetic Variability and Heritability in Wheat Germplasms
Comparative Analysis of Genetic Variability and Heritability in Wheat Germplasms
Abdur Rauf1*, Muhammad Sadiq1, Farooq Jan1, Muhammad Qayash2, Wisal Khan3, Ikramullah Khan1, Khilwat Afridi4, Muhammad Shuaib5, Muhammad Khalid6 and Samrin Gul7
ABSTRACT
This research project was performed to assess the genetic variability and heritability among exotic and local wheat genotypes at Cereal Crop Research Institute (CCRI) Pirsabak, Nowshera, Pakistan. A total of sixteen genotypes i.e., eight exotic and eight local germplasms were sown in a three-replication randomized complete block design. The different parameters were recorded including days to heading, flag leaf area, plant height, tillers per plant, spike length, spikelets per spike, grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant, and 1000-grain weight. The analysis of variance showed significant differences for all the mentioned parameters (P ≤ 0.05). In local germplasms, all parameters revealed significant results excluding the 1000-grain weight, while the exotic germplasms also showed significant genetic variation except spikelets per spike and 1000-grain weight. The local varieties took more time for days to heading (Paseena-17, 147.7 days), more spikelets per spike (Khaista-17, 24.2), grain yield per plant (Gulzar-19, 27.6 g), biological yield per plant (Khaista-17, 73.3 g), 1000 grain weight (Pirsabak-19, 59.4 g). In contrast, exotic wheat had more flag leaf area (Akuri#1, 55.6 cm2), plant height (Quaiu#2, 97.3 cm), tiller per plant (Navojoa-M-2007, 13.8), spike length (Kenya Tea, 16.9 cm). All parameters showed higher values for the phenotypic coefficient of variation (PCV) compare to the genotypic coefficient of variation (GCV). We also observed high heritability (h2) value for days to heading (93.0) and flag leaf area (66.0), which shows that high heritability estimates genetic advance for such characters. In summary, we recommend Pirsabak-21 and Abaseen-21 as well as Kenya Tea and Akuri#1 for the maximum grain production respectively.
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