Ginkgo Biloba Extract’s Efficacy to Mitigate the Genotoxicity that Hydroxyurea Induces in Mice
Ginkgo Biloba Extract’s Efficacy to Mitigate the Genotoxicity that Hydroxyurea Induces in Mice
Ali I. Al-Ameedi1, Zahraa M. Ayad2*, Wed Abbas Mohammed3, Salim K. Hajwal4
ABSTRACT
Ginkgo Biloba is a potential medicinal plant used traditionally to treat various diseases. The present study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of Ginkgo Biloba against Genotoxicity Induced by Hyroxyurea in Mice. Forty male albino mice were randomly divided into 4 groups of ten animals. The first group received hydroxyurea (80mg/kg B. W) orally daily for 30 days, while second and third group received Ginkgo Biloba (100 mg/ kg.BW) and omega3 (150 mg/kg.BW) orally daily for two weeks of HU administration as protective and 4th group (C-ve) were considered as control negative group was given distilled water orally. After therapy by removing the bone marrow from the animal’s bone after anesthesia with ketamine+xylazine and slide preparation with Giemsa stain, experimental animals’ chromosomal abnormalities, mitotic index, and blast index were examined. In order to ascertain the protective activity of the plant extract, the mitotic index and blast index are also assessed. The results showed that the exposed group (T1) had a significantly lower mitotic index (the number of cells in mitosis per 1000 bone marrow cells) than the control group (which only drank distilled water). These results showed a significant decrease (p>0.05) of the mitotic index of (the T1) group that received hydroxyurea orally compared with the control group that received distilled water alone. On the other hand; (T2 and T3) groups that received Ginkgo Biloba and omega 3 respectively, revealed a significant increase (P<0.05) in the mitotic index compared with the T1 group that received hydroxyurea alone. The chromosomal aberrations results recorded a significant increase (P<0.05) in a group (T1) that was exposed to HU alone that suggested to be attributed to the genotoxic effect of the drug. On the other hand, a significant decrease (P>0.05) in the mean of chromosomal aberration in both groups (T2 and T3) that pretreated with GB extract and omega3 respectively. HU treatment caused serious CAs formations such as dicentric chromosome, Acentric, deletion, ring, and a high rate of breaks in bone marrow cells. As a results, GbE would be good candidates for administration as a supplement to decrease the Geno-toxicity side effects of a lot of chemotherapeutic agents.
Keywords | Ginkgo Biloba, Genotoxicity, Hyroxyurea, Protective effect, Phytochemical
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April 2023
Vol. 11, Iss. 4, Pages 517-694
