Impact of Temperature Variations on Breeding Behavior of Cirrhinus mrigala during Induced Spawning
Impact of Temperature Variations on Breeding Behavior of Cirrhinus mrigala during Induced Spawning
Saeed Akram Khan1, Shahid Sherzada1*, Muhammad Ashraf1, Durr-e-Shehwar1, Sonia Iqbal1, Usman Atique1,3, Farzana Abbas1, Sohail Ahmad2 and Muhammad Sultan Haider4
ABSTRACT
Cirrhinus mrigala naturally breeds in rivers and streams during monsoon season but in ahatchery, it can be induced to spawn by the administration of ovaprim or its analogues. However, the conditions of the induced environment vary from place to place as well as the dose of ovaprim. The present investigation is focused on possible impact of different temperatures on the induced spawning behavior of C. mrigala. The factors investigated include the ovulation time, embryonic and larval development, and yolk sac absorption induced at 4 different water temperatures viz. 26, 29, 32 and 34 ºC. C. mrigala displayed the maximum release of eggs, fertilization and hatching rates at 29 ºC. The maximum number of eggs were observed in 26oC whereas the lowest were obtained in 34oC. 85020.48). However, the temperature exceeding 30ºC not only increased the cell growth but significantly decreased the hatching time. On the contrary, temperature exceeding 32ºC caused denaturation of all eggs and larvae that resulted in reduced hatching rate. Microscopic examination revealed that eggs were more influenced by high temperature at early stages of development. Impacts of slight change in water temperature were observed from Blastodisc to morula stage. After gastrula stage, temperature effects were evident but not critical. This was a first documented report on effects of temperature on breeding performance and embryonic development of C. mrigala from Pakistan.
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