Sedative and Analgesic Effects of Xylazine, Ketamine and Diaszepam in Ducks
Sedative and Analgesic Effects of Xylazine, Ketamine and Diaszepam in Ducks
Hafiz Manzoor Ahmad1,*, Hamad Bin Rashid1, Muhammad Arif Khan1, Asim Khalid Mahmood1, Muhammad Ijaz1, Shahid Hussain Farooqi1, Muhammad Rafi Ullah2 and Usman Ghani1
ABSTRACT
In bird’s practice use of single anesthetic drug has failed to induce a safe and deep anesthesia for surgical as well as painful conditions. However, this problem can be solved with usage of anesthetic combinations. This study was aimed at comparative evaluation of two anesthetics combinations viz. ketamine-xyalzine (K+X) and ketamine-xylazine-diazepam (K+X+D). A total of 20 ducks presented at pet center University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences Lahore were divided into 2 equal groups each carrying 10 birds. The birds were monitored for various physiological parameters before and after anesthesia. The birds of K+X group were given ketamine hydrochloride (15 mg/kg) and xylazine (5 mg/kg), while K+X+D group were given ketamine hydrochloride (15 mg/kg), xylazine (2.5 mg/kg) and diazepam (2.5mg/kg) cocktail, respectively. The birds were monitored for 130 min post administration for various physiological parameters like; body temperature, heart rate and respiratory rate with normal averages 105.02±0.12ºF, 103.75±3.18 beats/min and 19.2±1.62 breaths/min, respectively. All the physiological parameters varied significantly (p<0.05) between the two groups with exception of body temperature, which varied non-significantly (p>0.05). The post drug administration onset of sedation in ducks anesthetized by K+X was delayed (2.11±0.75 min) than K+X+D (1.14±0.04 min). The duration of sedation in the ducks anesthetized with K+X+D was prolonged (127.42±18.60 min) than K+X (87.33±6.74 min). The recovery of ducks from sedation was recorded quicker in K+X (89.53±6.22 min) than K+X+D (128.56±18.52 min). Onset of analgesia in ducks anesthetized by K+X was delayed (3.22±0.54) than K+X+D (1.67±0.77 min). The duration of analgesia in the ducks anesthetized with K+X+D was prolonged (81.15±11.17 min) than K+X (39.76±3.89 min). The recovery of ducks from analgesia was recorded slower in K+X+D (82.82±11.15 min) than K+X (82.82±11.15 min). This study found K+X+D a better combination over K+X producing prolonged sedation and analgesia and can be preferably used in surgical procedures of ducks.
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December 2018
Vol. 50, Iss. 6, Pages 1999-2398
