The Reproductive Tract Score and Characteristic of Cervical Mucus on Fertility Rate of Bali Heifers
The Reproductive Tract Score and Characteristic of Cervical Mucus on Fertility Rate of Bali Heifers
Muhammad Yusuf1*, Abdul Latief Toleng1, Hasrin Hasrin2, Abdullah Baharun3, Athhar Manabi Diansyah1,4, Santoso Santoso4, Rahmat Rahmat1
ABSTRACT
The productivity of Bali heifers still needs to be improved, especially in reproductive aspects. Reproductive Tract Score (RTS) is a comprehensive to evaluate the reproductive organs of heifers, while cervical mucus is an environment that influences the sperm for successful fertilization. This study aims to evaluate the reproductive tract score (RTS) and the quality of cervical mucus in relation to the fertility rate of Bali heifers. Assessment of the reproductive tract was carried out using a scoring method in the form of score 1 = size < SE and Score 2 = size > SE, then grouped into Good RTS (GRTS) with a score > 4 and Poor RTS (PRTS) with a score ≤ 4 with a total score of 6. Cervical mucus is evaluated using a scoring on five variables (appearance, viscosity, spinnbarkeit, fern pattern, and pH) with score scale 0 untill 3. The parameter will be grouped into Good Cervical Mucus (GMC) with a score of >7 and Poor Cervical Mucus (PMC) with a score of ≤7 for total score of 15. The result showed diameter horn uterine, length ovary, and width ovary in GRTS was significantly higher (p<0.05) from PRTS. The fertility rate of GRTS showed was significantly higher (p<0.05) from PRTS. The characteristic cervical mucus on fertility rate of Bali heifers showed that all variables in GMC was significantly higher (p<0.05) from PMC. The fertility rate of GMC showed was significantly higher (p<0.05) from PMC. Significant differences in the GRTS and PRTS groups, as well as GMC and PMC in Bali cattle, may be due to genetic factors that impact hormones, where an optimal balance of estrogen and progesterone hormones in superior heifers supports larger ovary and uterine sizes and better quality of cervical mucus. Increases fertilization and reproductive success. Assessment of the Reproductive Tract Score (RTS) and cervical mucus characteristics is a very effective and accurate method in Bali cattle breeding and reproductive management programs. In conclusion, both RTS and cervical mucus characteristics are important for predicting reproductive performance in Bali heifers, their interdependence is minimal. Therefore, integrating multiple evaluative criteria is essential for a comprehensive assessment of reproductive potential on Bali heifers. This approach will optimize breeding strategies and enhance productivity and sustainability of Bali heifer populations.
Keywords | Bali cattle, Heifers, Reproductive tract score, Cervical mucus, Fertility, Reproductive
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