Evaluation of Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Land Races based on Qualitative Traits Derived from Himalayan, Andean and Mesoamerican regions
Evaluation of Common Beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Land Races based on Qualitative Traits Derived from Himalayan, Andean and Mesoamerican regions
Iffat Nawaz1*, Tahseen Zeb1, Bibi Saima Zeb2 and Javaria Sherani3
ABSTRACT
Common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) being dual purpose (vegetable plus legume) is grown worldwide and in Pakistan specifically in the Himalayan range. Local landraces cultivated in traditional farming systems are the sole source of its production. 108 land races of beans including 96 landraces of Himalayan region, the ten Mesoamerican and the two Andean genotypes were evaluated at three locations during 2015 and 2016 at the Summer Agricultural Research Station Kaghan, Batakundi Potato Seed Farm Batakundi and Agricultural Research Station Baffa, Mansehra. This two year study is pioneer in Pakistan with an objective to document the characteristics of common bean landraces originating from the three different regions (Himalayan, Mesoamerican and Andean). Furthermore, diversity in qualitative traits (leaf color, leaf pubescence, hypocotyls pigmentation, flower color, pod color, growth habit, dry pod color, pod curvature, pod beak position, pod beak orientation, seed shape, seed coat pattern and seed color) was studied by using standard Chi square test for homogeneity of populations. Results showed that agro climatic conditions have no influence on the qualitative traits. Secondly, each landrace has its own specific and distinguishing trait like flower color, growth habit. Moreover, the traits were found highly heritable and genetically controlled as no environmental influence was observed based on two years data. Therefore, these traits can be considered to identify and distinguish landraces from each other, may be used as morphological markers in maintaining germplasm purity.
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