Efficacy of Phosphorus Application on Yield in Different Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes
Efficacy of Phosphorus Application on Yield in Different Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) Genotypes
Hera Gul Mohmmand1, Rozina Gul1, Hamayoon Khan2, Sheraz Ahmed1*, Laila Fayyaz1, Ajmalud Din1 and Imtiaz Ali1
ABSTRACT
Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential nutrients needed for plant growth and development. The P has a significant ecological and economic importance; therefore, its application is considered to maximize the yield of various crops, including chickpea. The current experiment was performed to assess the impact of phosphorus application on yield of 15 chickpea genotypes during the growing season of 2017-18 at the University of Agriculture, Peshawar. A randomized complete block design was used with three replications under two treatments. One treatment was a control without phosphorous application, while the second treatment was application of phosphorous at a rate of 35.3 kg (P2O5) ha-1. Data were documented on plant height, pod number plant-1, seed number pod-1, seed number plant-1, 100-seed weight, seed yield and harvest index. Amongst genotypes, highly significant variation was observed for the studied characters. Similarly, significant results were obtained for genotype by environment (GE) interaction for all traits except plant height. Application of phosphorus enormously improved seed yield in all chickpea genotypes. Based on mean data, chickpea plants with P application produced more seed number plant-1 (60.9), pods plant-1 (57.3) and seed yield (557.2 kg ha-1). Higher seed yields were produced by genotypes NDC-4-20-1 (1004 kg ha-1) and NKC-5-S-15 (851 kg ha-1). Seed yield had significantly negative phenotypic correlation with plant height. Similarly at genotypic level, it was significantly correlated with seed number pod-1 while negatively with 100-seed weight. Among the tested genotypes, NDC-4-20-1 and NKC-5-S-15 were identified as better performing with phosphorus application while genotype NKC-5-S-12 followed by NDC-4-20-1 performed well in both environments. Therefore, the screened lines could be used in various chickpea breeding programs for higher seed yield. Considering current findings, this study suggests that application of phosphorus to chickpea fields is recommendable for higher seed yield and hence is justified from economic perspective.
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