Temporal Geospatial Mapping of Foot and Mouth Disease Outbreak in Aceh, Indonesia
Temporal Geospatial Mapping of Foot and Mouth Disease Outbreak in Aceh, Indonesia
M. Daud AK1,2*, Mahdi Abrar2*, Teuku Reza Ferasyi3,4, Harapan Harapan5,6,7,8
ABSTRACT
Aceh has become an endemic for foot and mouth disease (FMD). This study used a descriptive epidemiological approach and geospatial mapping to track, analyze, and map the distribution patterns and trends of FMD outbreaks in Aceh, Indonesia using data from 23 districts between March 2022 to August 2023. The FMD case were collected from the Crisis Centre of Foot and Mouth Disease, Aceh Department of Agriculture, and Ministry of Agriculture, Indonesia. The data were analyzed using ArcGIS software to determine the spatial and clustering pattern of FMD. The hotspot and autocorrelation analysis with Moran’s I statistic were conducted to validate the spatial patterns. In 2022, the month with the greatest number of instances was July, followed by June, May, August, September, October, and December. There have been no recorded cases of FMD from January to August 2023. The Aceh Besar district was notably recognized as a prominent area with a high incidence of FMD outbreak followed by Aceh Tamiang and Aceh Utara. The data suggested that the occurrences of FMD were sporadic and randomly dispersed, as indicated by a Z-Score of -0.927 according to Moran’s I analysis. This study highlights that geospatial analysis could be employed to make informed decisions on different strategies, such as district-based isolation and implementation of general control measures in highly susceptible communities, to effectively manage the spread of FMD during outbreaks. Additionally, selecting the appropriate timing and approach for conducting control efforts and preventative measures is beneficial in addressing future outbreaks of FMD and other recurring diseases.
Keywords | Foot and mouth disease, Geographic information system, Cloven-hoofed animals, Mapping, Disease outbreak
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June 2024
Vol. 12, Iss. 6, pp. 994-1205
