Impact of Garlic (Allium sativum) and/or Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oils supplementation on the Growth Performance, physiological responses, and gene expression of Nile tilapia
Impact of Garlic (Allium sativum) and/or Ginger (Zingiber officinale) oils supplementation on the Growth Performance, physiological responses, and gene expression of Nile tilapia
Ibrahim S. Abu-Alya1*, Nagwa I. Sheraiba2, Enas K. Aziz2, Noha A. Osman2, Afaf A. Kishta1
ABSTRACT
A feeding trial for 4 weeks was performed to estimate the impacts of dietary garlic oil and/or ginger oil on the growth performance, physiological responses, and gene expression of Nile tilapia fish (Oreochromis niloticus). A 180-healthy Nile tilapia having an average weight of 50.0±2.24 g was randomly distributed into 6 groups (30 fish/group/three replicates) as the following: T1 (control group) nourished with the basal diet only, T2 given the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% garlic oil, T3 given the basal diet supplemented with 1% garlic oil, T4 given the basal diet supplemented with 0.5% ginger oil, T5 given the basal diet supplemented with 1% ginger oil, and T6 given the basal diet supplemented with a mixture of 0.5% garlic and 0.5% ginger oil. The fish group received ginger oil in its diet at a 0.5% rate (T4) showed a significant increase of growth performance (overall body weight, weight gain, and specific growth rate) with a lower feed conversion ratio. Besides, garlic oil supplementation on fish diet at a 0.5% rate (T2) improved the overall body weight. The plasma biochemical parameters results indicate that garlic oil and/or ginger oil supplementation on the Nile tilapia diet at different levels raises markedly raises the T4 hormone level and reduces total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol levels. Moreover, administration of 1% garlic oil and ginger oil (T3 and T5 respectively) and both of them (T6) to the diet of Nile tilapia significantly (P<0.05) reduces the plasma urea and uric acid concentration. The results of gene expression showed that TNF-α and IL-1β genes expression was the highest in the fish supplemented with 1% ginger oil (T5). It is concluded that garlic and/or ginger oil supplementation to the fish diet enhances growth as well as immunostimulant agents and improves the general health of Nile tilapia.
Keywords | Gene expression, Physiology, Garlic oil, Ginger oil, Nile tilapia.
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