Evalution of Antibacterial Activity of Portulaca oleracea against Escherichia Coli in vitro
Evalution of Antibacterial Activity of Portulaca oleracea against Escherichia Coli in vitro
Ahmed M. Manthoor, Ali H. Saliem*
ABSTRACT
The study was conducted to find out the mechanism of action and the activity of Portuluca oleracea methanolic extract in vitro against Escherichia coli. The first step was involved collection and extraction of P. oleracea with absolute methanol in a Soxhlet apparatus and phytochemical analysis of extract. While in the second step, the antibacterial effects of the extract as compared with ciprofloxacin, as well as zone of inhibition, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and the minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC), by using 4, 8, 16, 32, 64 and 128 mg/ml concentration of the extract, while 1.562, 3.125, 6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200, 400, 800 µg/ml concentration of Ciprofloxacin, on the other hand study mechanism of action of the extract against the same bacteria by Fe-Scanning Electron Microscopic(Fe-SEM). The extraction ratio was (15%) and the phytochemical analysis referred to the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, steroids, carbohydrates, tannins, free amino acid and protein. While the gram staining, cultural characteristics, biochemical tests, Vitek 2 system and PCR tests referred to that bacteria was E. Coli. Bacteria was susceptible to the alcoholic extract of P. oleracea and gave an inhibitory zone 14-30 mm, while 15- 37 mm for ciprofloxacin. The MIC was 32 mg/ml for the extract and 25 µg/ml for the antibiotic. The MBC was 64 mg/ml for the extract and 50 µg/ml for ciprofloxacin. Fe-Scanning Electron Microscope results showed that surface of the bacteria was shrunk, rough, and leakage of the intracellular substances when treated with the MIC of the extract. From the foregoing results, we can be concluded that alcoholic extract of P. oleracea has an effect on E. coli in vitro by certain mechanism of action when compared with ciprofloxacin.
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