Resistance to Artificial Infection of Smut and Genetic Variability in Sugarcane Clones
Resistance to Artificial Infection of Smut and Genetic Variability in Sugarcane Clones
Hafiz Muhammad Walayat Ali1, Hafiz Basheer Ahmad1*, Zaheer Ahmad Nazar2, Muhammad Akhlaq Mudassir1, Mahmood-Ul-Hasan1, Abdul Khaliq1 and Muhammad Shahzad Afzal1
ABSTRACT
Improvement in sugarcane through breeding is limited due lack of diversity and disease infestation. One hundred and three clones of sugarcane were evaluated for two crop seasons through applying high inoculum conditions for smut incidence following RCBD during 2017-18. The analysis of variance revealed significant variations in cane weight, sugar recovery and smut incidence for both years. During the evaluation 84 and 80 clones were found resistant to smut in plant and ratoon crop respectively. Principal component analysis showed that first eigenvalue was equal to (1.78) and represented that (35.6%) of the total variation. The 2nd eigenvalue (1.077) and represented of the total variation (57.2%) for the crop plant. For the ratoon crop, the first eigenvalue was (1.83) and presented (36.6%) of the total variation while 2nd eigenvalue (1.15) and represented (59.7%) of total variation. Maximum sugar contents (13%) were recorded in CPF 250, weight/stalk (1.7 Kg) in S2011-SL-209 whereas S2003-US-618 was found highly affected by smut with 74% disease incidence rate among all the studied sugarcane lines/varieties. The correlation coefficients were significant (p≤0.05) for the traits such as cane weight, cane height, cane girth, and sugar recovery during plant and ratoon crop. Nevertheless, the smut was found significantly but negatively correlated with cane height and cane girth in both years. Estimations of broad sense heritability along with genetic advance was higher for cane weight, sugar recovery and smut incidence which indicated additive gene action and selection would be effective in later generations for the improvement using these traits.
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