Estimation of Different Genetic Parameters in Various Safflower (Carthamus tinctorius L.) Genotypes under Field Condition
Rao Wali Muhammad1, Hafiz Muhammad Wasif Ali2*, Amir Hamza1, Muhammad Qadir Ahmad2, Abdul Qayyum2, Waqas Malik2 and Etrat Noor2
ABSTRACT
The study was carried out to investigate the genetic estimates regarding various economic traits i.e. days to flowering, plant height, days to maturity, no. of primary branches per plant, no. of secondary branches per plant, pods per plant, 1000-seed weight and yield per plant of 200 safflower accessions. Analysis of variance and principal component analysis were carried out to estimate the extent of variability for studied parameters and to partition the germplasm into various cluster groups on basis of their mean performance. A value of 74% was indicated by the first three PCs, which showed the highest variability between studied parameters. Eigen values >1 contributed variability between the genotypes under field condition. Minimum and maximum heritability estimates ranged between 77.4% - 99.0% for days to flowering and pods per plant, respectively. Genetic advance estimates ranged between 11.99-27.21% for number of primary branches per plant and yield per plant, respectively. However, coefficient of variance ranged between 2.67-19.31% for days to maturity and number of primary branches per plant. High broad sense heritability magnitudes predicted that studied parameters were under influence of additive genetic effects and less affected by environment. Thus, direct selection of accessions on basis of studied parameters could lead to genetic improvement of the material and these traits could also be helpful for potential improvement of yield in safflower (Carthamus tinctorius).
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