Genetic Diversity Among Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes for Maturity and Yield Traits
Genetic Diversity Among Pea (Pisum sativum L.) Genotypes for Maturity and Yield Traits
Faiza Aman1,*, Neelam Ara1 and Syed Mehar Ali Shah2
ABSTRACT
A total of fifty-seven pea (Pisum sativum L.) genotypes including 50 accessions and seven varieties were evaluated for the nine quantitative traits to assess the variability and association patterns for the characters under study. The genotypes were grown in plots using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) at Horticulture Research Farm, The University of Agriculture Peshawar during 2016-2017 pea growing season. All the studied parameters showed significant (p≤0.01) differences, indicating the presence of sufficient variability among the genotypes. Minimum days to first picking were observed for Leena Pak and Meteor each variety taking 61.67 days to first picking. Highest number of pods plant-1 (37.67), hundred green seeds weight (57.33 g) and green pod yield (10.19 tons) was recorded for genotype UAP-47. Maximum pod length (9.87 cm), seeds pod-1 (9.33) and hundred green pods weight (583.00 g) was recorded for variety Green Gold. However, minimum pods plant-1 (15.00) was recorded for pea variety Rizwaan. The lowest pod length (3.57 cm) was displayed by genotype UAP-13. However, minimum number of seeds pod-1(4.00) was recorded for genotype UAP-39. The genotype UAP-30 displayed minimum hundred green pods weight (224.33 g) while the lowest green pod yield (4.11 tons) was recorded for pea variety Meteor. Plant height, pods plant-1, pod length, hundred green seeds weight and hundred green pods weight were the major traits contributing to green pod yield as these characters displayed significantly positive correlation with green pod yield. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the first five principal components had Eigen values > 1 accounting for 78.9 % of total variation. The first principal component was characterized by pods plant-1, green pod yield, plant height and hundred green seeds weight. The second principal component was dominated by pod length, hundred green pods weight, seeds pod-1, hundred green seeds weight and days to first picking. Cluster analysis for quantitative traits grouped pea genotypes into five different clusters at a dissimilarity level of 0.61 which also depicted the presence of high magnitude of variation among the studied genotypes. On the basis of superior performance for maturity, yield and yield-related traits, pea genotypes Leena Pak, UAP-47, UAP-29 and Green Gold are recommended for testing across locations and for onward use in pea breeding programs.
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June 2021
Vol. 37, Iss. 2, Pages 331-713
