Biological Response of Quinoa Plants to Various Nitrogen Levels and Priming Techniques
Biological Response of Quinoa Plants to Various Nitrogen Levels and Priming Techniques
Asma Hassan*, Zuhair Hasnain, Muhmmad Asadullah, Syed Saqlain Hussain and Muhammad Abbas Anees
ABSTRACT
Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Wild) is a pseudo cereal, drought-resistant, and medicinally value able with a superior nutritional profile as compared to common cereals. It’s obligatory to obtain the maximum yield of quinoa under rain-fed conditions with a well-adjusted quantity of nutrients. To evaluate nitrogen (N) levels viz 55 kg ha-1, 65 kg ha-1, 75 kg ha-1, 85 kg ha-1, and 95 kg ha-1 and seed priming techniques water soaking, K2HPO4, K2SO4, and CaSO4 (2%) seeds for half-day used to find out effects on yield of quinoa. The maximum plant height (66.133cm) and the number of branches (5.667) were with N 95 kg ha-1. Leaf area plant-1 from 0 to N85 kg ha-1 was increased gradually but later on, decreased. Gradually the Dry matter formation increase with an increase in N level, but above 85 kg ha-1 dry matter formation was regressively declined. The highest dry matter accumulation and harvest index 66.6g plant-1 17.31% respectively were calculated with N 85 kg ha-1. The highest crop growth rate (13.7 gm-2 day-1) was achieved with N 85 kg ha-1. The highest 1000-grain weight (5.6 g) was measured with 85 kg ha-1. The maximum grain yield (9.43g plant-1) was also recorded in N 85 kg ha-1. Total biomass increased with N 85 kg ha-1 but decreased up to 85 kg ha-1. Seed priming with K2SO4, 2% have harvest index (%), crop growth rate (g m-2 day-1), 1000 grain weight, and grain yield were relatively closer to the results of seeds primed with K2HPO4, 2% solution soaking of seed for 12 hours. Nitrogen 85 kg ha-1 and priming of seeds with CaSO4, were best for the growth and yield parameters in rain-fed agro ecological conditions.
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