Pathological Studies on Contagious Ecthyma in Naturally Infected Small Ruminants
Pathological Studies on Contagious Ecthyma in Naturally Infected Small Ruminants
Muhammad Usman Ghani1*, Muti Ur Rehaman Khan1, Asim Aslam1, Zubair Shabbir2, Li Bo3 and Naveed Anwar4
ABSTRACT
The current study was conducted in district DG Khan of Punjab that is situated in the mid junction of all provinces of Pakistan. Owing to location at boundaries of provinces a large number of nomads moves from Baluchistan and Sindh to Punjab via DG Khan. Harsh climate and relatively less rain fall also contributing factors towards the establishment of infection. Contagious Ecthyma is an extremely contagious, highly communicable, economically important viral disease of skin that affects most of animals. The purpose of current study was to establish and familiarize a precise and rapid detection approaches with molecular diagnostic tool. The method relies on periodically thermo cycling heating and cooling of DNA in presence of certain chemical reagents. In order to detect and differentiate parapox infections from those induced by pox virus. A new parapox specific and sensitive PCR assay based on amplification of B2L gene was applied against conserved gene of Orf virus. Crusted scraps and biopsies from different portion of skin and blood were taken as sample for PCR. Gross, histopathological, hematological examination was carried out to rule out possible cause of infection and adopt preventive measure so that further losses may be avoided. 96 out of total were clinically positive with strong clue of contagious ecthyma. In current study 12 (25%) goats out of 48 were PCR positive. In case of sheep, 7 (14.58%) out of 48 were PCR positive. Tissues were taken for histopathological studies. Gross pathological finding includes scraps on commissure, ulcerations, vesicles on in oral cavity, erosion on dental pads, warts on external ears, ulceration on udder and scrotum. Increase in WBC, lymphocytes, monocytes count while decrease in RBC, platelets count and Hb concentration in diseased animals representing hematological investigation.
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