Stabilization of Cd in Soil by Biochar and Growth of Rice (Oryza sativa) in Artificially Contaminated Soil
Stabilization of Cd in Soil by Biochar and Growth of Rice (Oryza sativa) in Artificially Contaminated Soil
Zaryab Murad1*, Sobia Bibi1, Shehr e Yar Ahmad1, Mohsin Ali Khan1, Rimsha Sadaf2, Mauz ul Haq1, Umair Manan1 and Muhammad Younas2
ABSTRACT
Cadmium (Cd) accumulation in agriculture fields by the irrigation water released from industries and the commercial sector caused serious health issues. Continuous irrigation with contaminated water caused several health problems as rice (Oryza sativa L.) had the potential that can adsorb a greater amount of Cd. The use of metals polluted rice as a staple food now becomes the main way for exposing human health to metals, thereby the amendment of biochar gained greater attention to sorb and control the uptake of heavy metals by rice. A pot experiment at The University of Agriculture Peshawar demonstrates biochar’s effectiveness in stabilizing heavy metals in soil and reducing rice plant uptake rates. All the pots were filled with 10 Kg of soil and were spiked with 20 mg kg-1 of Cd. CdNO3 was used as the source of Cd, and biochar amendment effectively stabilized soil toxic metals. The treatments in the present research were followed as (1, 2, and 4% w/w means 100g/10 kg soil, 200g/10 kg soil and 400g/10 kg soil) of biochar were thoroughly mixed in each specified pot before spiking and were kept at 30% field capacity for 7 days. The source of urea was used for N fertilizer and was applied in two split doses (@ 60:60 kg ha-1) directly after transplantation and after 4 weeks of transplantation while DAP source was used for phosphatic fertilizer (@ 90 kg ha-1). In each pot, 20 days old rice nursery was selected and 10 healthy plants were transplanted into each pot. After successful and possible growth five most perfect and healthy plants were kept for experimental work. All the pots were kept in standing water condition and the pots were irrigated on the visual requirement of the water. From the experimental results, its depicted that rice yield and biological yield was increased from control to 4% BC application (4.9 and 4 g/pot to 10 and 20 g/pot), organic matter, soil N, P and K were also improved from control to 4% BC application (0.4 and 0.02%, 2.1 and 58 g/pot to 0.7 and 0.03%, 5 and 83 mg/kg). Aside these the application of BC at 4% incredibly decreased the concentration of Cd in soil thus reduced their uptake and accumulation in rice plants as AB-DTPA extractable Cd, shoot and grains Cd (Ck: 18, 2.5 and 1.1 mg/kg, 4% BC: 66, 0.9 and 0.5 mg/kg). Therefore, biochar is recommended for better crop growth under toxic metals polluted soil.
To share on other social networks, click on any share button. What are these?
