Isolation, Identification, and Molecular Characterization of Haemonchus contortus in Slaughtered Small Ruminants in the Chattogram Metropolitan Area, Bangladesh
Isolation, Identification, and Molecular Characterization of Haemonchus contortus in Slaughtered Small Ruminants in the Chattogram Metropolitan Area, Bangladesh
Muhammad Abdul Mannan1,2, Sharmin Chowdhury2, Md Abul Hashem3,4 and Md. Hazzaz Bin Kabir1,5*
ABSTRACT
Haemonchus contortus is a highly destructive parasitic nematode in small ruminants that causes significant economic losses to sheep and goat breeding operations worldwide. To combat this problem and minimize economic damage, effective preventative measures should be aimed at high-risk populations and a thorough understanding of the epidemiology is crucial. This study aimed to improve the understanding of the molecular epidemiology of Haemonchus contortus in sheep and goat carcasses in the Chattogram Metropolitan area in Bangladesh. A sample of 400 abomasa (150 from sheep and 250 from goats) was collected from five different slaughterhouses in the Chattogram Metropolitan area and analyzed using morphological and microscopic methods. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was then employed to amplify the sec internal transcribed spacer (ITS-2) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA and the mitochondrial nicotinamide dehydrogenase subunit 4 gene (nad4) to identify H. contortus, followed by direct sequencing. Out of the 400 samples tested, 186 (46.5%) were positive for H. contortus. The parasite was found in 51.3% of sheep and 43.6% of goats. Through the sequencing analysis, 45 nad4 genotypes and 10 ITS-2 genotypes were discovered. The prevalence of Haemonchus contortus isolated was not influenced by demographic factors such as age, gender, breed, and seasons in the study. Our results highlight the state of our knowledge on the spread of H. contortus parasite among small ruminants in Chattogram slaughterhouses.
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