Ameliorative Effect of Dietary Silybum marianum on the Exposure of Oreochromis niloticus to Sublethal Doses of Lead Acetate
Ameliorative Effect of Dietary Silybum marianum on the Exposure of Oreochromis niloticus to Sublethal Doses of Lead Acetate
Abd El-Alim F. Abd El-Alim1, Abdelhakeem El-Murr2*, Tahsein Hasan1
ABSTRACT
This work assesses how well Silybum marianum extract (SME) protects against lead acetate poisoning in Oreochromis niloticus (O. niloticus). The work plan includes five experimental groups the negative control without any challenges in water and positive control water challenged with 1.45 mg lead acetate/liter for 20 days exposure both fed on the basal diet. The T1, T2, and T3: water challenged with 1.45 mg lead acetate/liter for 20 days exposure; T1: feed on basal diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg SME; T2: feed on basal diet supplied with 100 mg/kg SME; T3: feed on basal diet supplemented with 200 mg/kg SME. The lead acetate exposure decreases the weight gain in positive control (9.76 ± 0.37 g) in comparison with T3 (15.63 ± 0.68 g) after 20 days of exposure. The SME along with lead acetate exposure significantly improved feed conversion ratio (FCR) in T3 (1.26 ± 0.01g) in comparison to positive control (1.34 ± 0.02 g). One-way ANOVA revealed significant reduction (P < 0.05) in alanine aminotransferase (ALT) from 57.36 ± 1.02 to 36.27 ± 1.08 IU/ L, aspartate aminotransferase (AST) from 72.45 ± 1.86 to 72.45 ± 1.86 IU/ L, creatinine from 1.42 ± 0.14 to 0.75 ± 0.06 mg/dL and urea from 38.62 ± 1.12 to 23.69 ± 0.98 mg/dL in positive control and T3, respectively. Meanwhile, serum protein and hematological parameters enhanced in T1, T2 and T3 in comparing with positive control. The glucose and cortisol levels were 84.67 ± 2.97 mg/dL and 9.16 ± 0.89 ng/mL in positive control and significantly reduced in SME treated groups T1 (79.36 ± 2.65 mg/dL and 7.56 ± 0.85 ng/mL), T2 (78.89 ± 2.16 mg/dL and 5.79 ± 0.93 ng/mL) and T3(77.28 ± 3.11 mg/dL and 4.87 ± 0.81 ng/mL). The activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), malondialdehyde (MDA), showed significant increase (P<0.05) in positive control and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) displayed a significant decrease (P<0.05) after lead acetate exposure. The supplementation of diets with SME is beneficial for O. niloticus reared in lead contaminated water as it enhances growth parameters, and antioxidant enzymes capacity.
Keywords: Oreochromis niloticus, lead, liver enzyme, oxidative stress, Silybum marianum, growth
To share on other social networks, click on any share button. What are these?
October 2024
Vol. 12, Sp. Iss. 1
