Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis of GPCR, RPO30, P32 and EEV Glycoprotein Genes of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Recent Isolates in Egypt
Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis of GPCR, RPO30, P32 and EEV Glycoprotein Genes of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Recent Isolates in Egypt
Moustafa A. Zaghloul1*, Mohamed F. Azooz1, Saleh E. Ali1*, Heba M. Soliman1, Maha M. Sayed1, Mohamed H. Kafafy2 and Alaa R. Morsy1
ABSTRACT
Lumpy skin disease is an emerging viral illness of ruminants that is highly contagious and economically damaging. The goal of this study is to perform sequencing and phylogenetic analysis of GPCR, RPO30, P32 and EEV glycoprotein genes of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus (LSDV) recent isolates in Egypt, as well as to use artificial intelligence to predict the immunogenic landscape of circulating lumpy skin disease in the Egyptian cattle dairy sector, which will lead to universal blueprints for multiepitope lumpy skin disease vaccine designs. A total of 40 skin nodule samples were collected from clinically affected cattle to detect LSDV using PCR targeting GPCR, RPO30, P32 and EEV glycoprotein genes. The amplified products of samples detected in the skin nodules of cattle were sequenced, and the phylogenetic tree was constructed using crustal omega software. Out of 40 analyzed samples, 25 samples were positive for LSDV by PCR assay. The sequence alignment of the obtained LSDV strain showed high identity to LSD strains fromSouth Africa, Australia, Kenya, Sudan, Ethiopia, Russia, Bangladesh and Iran. Initially, possible T-cell and B-cell epitopes were predicated by manipulating the four antigenic proteins GPCR, RPO30, P32 and EEV. Several bioinformatic methods were employed to find superior epitopes. Fifty-three epitopes passed the three B-cell prediction tools. Twelve promising and top linear B epitopes passed the antigenicity, allergenicity and toxicity tests. Fifty-seven MHC I epitopes were the most promising, while (49) were from MHC II. Thirteen peptides for MHC II were chosen as the best targets for the vaccine. Seventeen MHC I epitopes were the most promising because they were able to bind to the greatest number of MHC Ialleles and passed the antigenicity, allergenicity and toxicity tests. This study shows how important disease surveillance is and how important it is to figure out where the disease came from, how far it spread, how it gets around and how to control it. Overall, the study showed that the novel chimeric LSD-based vaccination can elicit both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses making it a reliable model for future in vivo and in vitro studies for control LSD infection in Egyptian cattle dairy farms.
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January 2023
Vol. 11, Iss. 1
