Molecular Characterization of Recent Field Isolate of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Compared to the Vaccinal Strains
Molecular Characterization of Recent Field Isolate of Lumpy Skin Disease Virus Compared to the Vaccinal Strains
Akram A. Salama1, Moustafa A. Zaghloul2*, Ahmed A. Zaghawa1, Mohamed A. Nayel1, Ahmed M. Elsafey1, Mohamed F. Azooz2, Hanem S. Harb1 and Walid S. Mousa1
ABSTRACT
The lumpy skin disease virus (LSDV), causes lumpy skin disease (LSD), is a transboundary viral disease of cattle that has a significantglobal economic impact. This study aims to identify the lumpy skin disease virus that circulated in El-Menofia Governorate between April 2020 and April 2022 by partially amplifying the EEV gene. Additionally, the amplified gene sequence was subjected to sequencing and phylogenetic analyses, and the acquired LSDV sequences were compared to those in GenBank. Using the standard polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and specific primers designed from the EEV gene, tissue samples from skin nodules (N = 40) and blood samples (N = 60) were collected from diseased animals. Sequencing and a phylogenetic tree construction were done on the amplified byproducts of samples from blood and nodules on cattle skin. By PCR technique, 55 samples out of 100 (55/100; 55%) were positive for LSDV. A representative sample was sequenced and had a very high identity percentage of > 99.7-100% with virulent LSDV isolated from Egypt (Sharkia Governorate) or different countries abroad (Kazakhstan, Turkey, Israel, and South Africa), while the identity with vaccinal strains of LSDV was 94.1%. The alignment analysis revealed a distinct 27-base deletion in the vaccine strains. Our results can be used to better understand the epidemiology of LSDV in Egypt and to build an effective disease control programme. Furthermore, our findings emphasize the importance of continuous surveillance and characterization of circulating LSDV strains, as well as the need to improve the DIVA strategy for distinguishing the vaccine strains from field viruses.
To share on other social networks, click on any share button. What are these?
July 2023
Vol. 11, Iss. 2
