Effect of Seed Rate and Row Spacings on the Physio-Chemical Traits of Soybean
Effect of Seed Rate and Row Spacings on the Physio-Chemical Traits of Soybean
Rasool Bux Kalhoro1, Ghulam Mustafa Laghari2*, Ghulam Hyder Jamro2 and Muhammad Ibrahim Keerio2
ABSTRACT
Soybean is the most important oilseed andrich protein crop throughout the world.A two- years (2007-2008) fieldtrail was carried out to improve the soybean production under integrated agronomic practices.A three replicated experimental design was conducted, which consisted of three different seed rates (60, 75 and 90 kg ha-1) and row spacings (30cm, 45cm, and 60cm). The results exhibited higher plant 55.24cm and 55.14cm at 45 cm row spacing under the interaction of seed rate 60 and 75 kg ha-1, respectively. Whereas maximum leaf area 190.72 cm2 and 190.0 cm2 were observed from 60cm row spacing. The maximum days to flowering 45.06 and days to maturity 117.28 were recorded at row spacing 60cm with a seed rate of 90 kg ha-1. The row spacing 45 cm with a seed rate of 75 and 90 kg ha-1 showed minimum days 41.67to 41.94 to leghaemoglobium in nodules. While 60cm row spacing with all seed rates had short time 61.61 to 61.72 days to disappearance leghaemoglobium in the nodule.Furthermore, days to nodule formation and the number of nodules plant-1 were not significantly affected by seed rates, except row spacings. The 60cm row spacing had a positive relationship with nodules formation and their number in plant roots. In the case of crop growth rate (gm-2 day-1) and net assimilation rate (gm-2 day-1), both were significantly higher 0.719-0.707 and 17.46 to 17.12 gm-2 day-1 at 45 cm row spacing in combination with different seed rates. The results for biochemical characteristics of soybean plant exhibited maximum nitrogen 0.485%, phosphorus 0.506%andpotassium 0.502%in stem, potassium 1.405%in leaves, potassium 1.753%in pods, protein content 41.87% at seed rate 75 kg ha-1with row spacing 45cm. The primary conclusion is that the cultivation of soybean at a seed rate 75 kg ha-1combined with row spacing 45cm beneficial to achieve maximum yield with high nutritional quality.
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