Assessing Hydrological Characteristics in Iraq Dams
Assessing Hydrological Characteristics in Iraq Dams
Huda M. Hamid1, Fadia W. Al-Azawi2* and Zaid F. Makki3
ABSTRACT
A dam is a hydraulic structure of impervious material constructed across a river or natural stream to create a reservoir to allow off-season storage of vital water supplies and for impounding water. Iraq is a country of limited water resources and a high demand for water due to its agricultural sector and its growing population. In this study, an analysis of hydrology characteristics of Iraqi dams has been presented which include DAM flow direction, mesh flow, agricultural area improvement, waterway division, and basin determination. These characteristics provide valuable insights into country’s water resources management, including the optimization of water use for different purposes and the strategies’ development to deal with water scarcity and drought. The analysis of hydrology characteristics in Iraqi dams has been conducted using remote sensing techniques and GIS. Due to its arid to semi-arid climate, limited water resources, and growing population, Iraq is facing significant challenges in managing water resources. Dams play a crucial role in managing the country’s water resources through storing and releasing water during periods of high and low precipitation. Understanding the hydrology characteristics of Iraq dams is essential to sustainable water resource management. In this study, different types of dams have been selected (arch concrete, rock fill, rock with a lot of core and stone shell, and earth fill) with different storage capacities in m3. Dam body length has also been determined at different execution times from 1958 to 1999. The hydrology characteristics of Iraq dams have been analyzed. These hydrology characteristics are DAM flow direction, Mesh flow clustered, agricultural area improvement, waterway division for ROI, and basin. The analysis of these characteristics provides insights into water resources management, including water allocation, irrigation planning, hydropower generation, and management of drought and water scarcity. To analyze the hydrology characteristics of Iraq dams and to conduct this analysis, remote sensing and GIS techniques have been used. The analysis of hydrology characteristics in Iraqi dams is crucial to ensure sustainable water resource management. This research provided a comprehensive overview of the current state of hydrology characteristics in Iraqi dams and to identify areas for further research and improvement.A GIS map has been used to analyze the flow direction and to identify areas of potential concern or risk, such as areas that are prone to flood or erosion. The results of this study can help inform strategies and water resource management policies to ensure the sustainable use of water resources in Iraq.
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