Toxicity and Behavioral Outcomes of the Ethanolic Extract of Schinus Terebinthifolius Raddi fruits in Wistar Rats
Toxicity and Behavioral Outcomes of the Ethanolic Extract of Schinus Terebinthifolius Raddi fruits in Wistar Rats
Soumia Ed-Day1*, Meryam Laanaya1, Chaimae El Kourchi3, Radia Elgui1, Fatima Ezzahra Kacimi2, Latifa Didou1, Samira Boulbaroud2, Hicham Harhar3, Fatima-Zahra Azzaoui1
ABSTRACT
Background: The Brazilian pepper tree, Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, is an evergreen shrub in the Anacardiaceae family. The berries or fruits of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi are highly regarded for their aromatic flavor and have drawn interest due to their possible therapeutic applications in illness prevention and treatment. This study aims to determine the acute oral toxicity of the ethanolic extract obtained from Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi fruits and assess the impact of the berries extract on behavioral patterns in Wistar rats. Methods: 48 adult female Wistar rats were divided into six groups (n=8) and administered orally (by gavage) the following doses: 2.5, 5, 25, 50, and 250 mg/kg of the ethanolic extract, while the control group received distilled water. Biochemical, histological, and behavioral assessments were conducted at the end of the experiment. Results: In the acute oral toxicity test, the extract did not produce any signs of toxicity or mortality underscoring the safety profile of the diverse doses administered in this study. Biochemical analyses of blood indicated changes in lipid profile including total cholesterol and triglyceride. Behavioral evaluations revealed noticeable enhancement in memory outcomes, particularly at doses of 2.5, 25, and 250 mg/kg. Histopathological examinations substantiated the absence of toxic effects on the liver and kidneys. Conclusion: The acute administration of the ethanolic extract of Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi fruits did not elicit any toxic effects in Wistar rats, thus contributing valuable insights into this plant’s safety and physiological impact.
Keywords | Acute toxicity, Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi, Glycemia, Lipid profile, Behavioral assessments, Wistar rats
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