Deviation in the Metabolite Activity and Decreases in Escherichia coli Load in Anopheles Mosquitoes After Feeding with Blood Meal Treated with Nanocurcumin
Deviation in the Metabolite Activity and Decreases in Escherichia coli Load in Anopheles Mosquitoes After Feeding with Blood Meal Treated with Nanocurcumin
Sura Saad Hamada Alkhuzaie
ABSTRACT
The current study was performed to identify changes in metabolic activities and to measure the load of pathogens of E. coli as an example, in Anopheles mosquitoes after feeding with nanocurcumin-treated blood meal (NBM). The study included the use of 216 female mosquitoes divided randomly into six replicates for each group. The groups were a 6hr-ealier provision of NBM before E. coli exposure, the 6E group, in which NBM was provided to mosquitoes 6hrs before bacterial exposure. There was a group in which both E. coli exposure (ECE) and NBM were provided at the same time, the 0T group. In addition, there was a 6hr-laterNBM provision after ECE, the 6L group. Moreover, there was a 24hr-laterNBM provision after ECE in the 24L group. Finally, there were control groups, in which one group was supplied with sterile water only, the SW group, and a group that received no-NBM but ECE only, the nNBM group. For all treatments, NBM or ECE was only continued for 30 min. After the end of the experiment (24hrs after the supply of the NBM), the midgut of each mosquito was dissected. A test of the E. coli colony-forming units (CFUs) was performed for all groups. The metabolites were detected using mass spectrometry (MS). The results revealed significant (p<0.05) increases in the E. coli CFUs of the NNBM group when compared with those from the SW group. These levels decreased significantly (p<0.05) in all groups, especially in the 0T group. In the case of the metabolic activity, significant (p<0.05) increases were seen in the abundance of pantothenic acid, proline, and trehalose in the groups treated with NBM. The current study provides important findings that nanocurcumin shows protective and treatment activities against E. coli load and that comes with increases in the abundance of certain important metabolites in the midgut of mosquitoes.
Keywords | Anopheles, Mosquito-borne infections, Herbal insecticides
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November 2024
Vol. 12, Sp. Iss. 1
