Detection of ESBL Encoding Gene and the Virulence Factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Dairy Cattle Farms in South Sulawesi
Detection of ESBL Encoding Gene and the Virulence Factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Dairy Cattle Farms in South Sulawesi
Nurhashunatil Mar’ah1, Safika Safika2*, Agustin Indrawati2
ABSTRACT
One of the multi-resistance mechanisms commonly found in dairy farms is ESBL (Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase). This study aimed to investigate the antibiotic resistance and virulence factors of Klebsiella pneumoniae from Dairy Farm isolates in South Sulawesi, Indonesia. Twelve isolates obtained in the field were tested for phenotype resistance profile with four antibiotics of β-lactams using the Kirby-Bauer method. The Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used to detect the resistance genes and virulence factors of K. pneumoniae. Samples isolated from water sources showed a resistance profile to cefotaxime (100%), ceftazidime, ampicillin, and amoxicillin (50%). Samples isolated from udder rinses water were resistant to amoxicillin, cefotaxime, ampicillin (100%), and ceftazidime (60%). Samples obtained from milker hand swabs results were resistant to amoxicillin, cefotaxime, and ampicillin (100%). The cattle udder swab samples showed resistance to ampicillin and amoxicillin (100%), cefotaxime (75%), and ceftazidime (50%). Gene resistance detection found that water samples encoded blaTEM gene (100%), Udder rinses water encoded blaTEM (80%), blaSHV (20%), blaCTX-M (20%) and udder swab samples detected the presence of blaTEM genes (40%). K. pneumoniae virulence factor genes: mrkD detected in all isolates (100%), entb and wabG were found in all water sources, milker hand, and udder swabs samples (100%) except samples from udder rinses water that encoded gene virulence factors 60% and 80%, respectively. All samples were negative for rmpA and magA genes. The study results showed K. pneumoniae of Dairy farms indicated the presence of ESBL resistance and virulence factors genes with different frequencies.
Keywords | β-lactam, Dairy, ESBL, K. pneumoniae, Virulence factors, Resistance
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January 2024
Vol. 12, Iss. 1, pp. 1-193
