A Decade of Uni- Dimensional and Multidimensional Inequality: A Comparison between Irrigated and Barani Zones of Punjab, Pakistan
A Decade of Uni- Dimensional and Multidimensional Inequality: A Comparison between Irrigated and Barani Zones of Punjab, Pakistan
Saima Asad1*, Irfan Ahmad Baig2, Abdul Saboor3 and Rashid Mahmood4
ABSTRACT
Current study is an attempt to evaluate inequality in uni-dimensional and multidimensional spectrum in agro-climatic zones of Punjab and their representative districts by using cross sectional data of HIES/PSLM of last 10 years from 2005-2006 to 2015-16. By developing an axiomatic framework 3 most widely used inequality measures (Gini-coefficient, Atkinson Measure and Generalized Entropy Index) have been estimated for uni-dimensional inequality while a single measure of Araar (2009) is used for the assessment of multidimensional inequality. Calculated outcomes shows that in a shorter span of time inequality shows fluctuating trend while in a longer span of time inequality marginally decline (increase) in zone I (Wheat/Rice Punjab), III (Cotton/Wheat Punjab), IV (lower Intensity Punjab) (II Mixed Punjab, V Rain fed/Barani Punjab). Similarly, outcomes of MDI shows consistence declining trend over time across all agro climatic zones of Punjab because a significant improvement in education and health sector has been observed over time and also population access toward basic housing services also increases that minimize the deprivation gap between upper and lower quintile population. Inequality in shorter span of time decline at minimal level but in longer span of time a substantial decline in is perceived. Finally, at districts level both uni-dimensional and multidimensional inequality declines in 2015-16 than it was in 2005-06 which indicates the decline of inequalities.
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