Trichomonas Gallinae Prevalence and Genetic Characteristics from Racing Pigeons in Thi-Qar Province, Iraq
Trichomonas Gallinae Prevalence and Genetic Characteristics from Racing Pigeons in Thi-Qar Province, Iraq
Ahmed Jaafar Mousa*, Nothaila Rasheed Hamid
ABSTRACT
Trichomonas gallinae, a protozoan widely found in pigeons and other wild birds, causes the parasitic disease known as “avian trichomoniasis”. The complications of this illness include lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract. The present study’s goal would be to study the prevalence and genetic characteristics of T. gallinae in racing pigeons in Thi-Qar province, Iraq, utilizing the ITS1-5.8s rRNA-ITS2 gene. 100 samples were collected from racing pigeons between September and December 2022. The swabs were taken from the throat, pharynx, crop, and esophagus with a cotton swab. Utilizing direct smear and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques, 30 (30%) of the 100 collected samples were found to be positive. A DNA sequence of 372 bp length that partly encompassed the coding region of the ITS1-5.8s rRNA-ITS2 gene within ten samples (assigned 1-10) was amplified in this study. The PCR amplicons that were found in the amplified genetic region were directly sequenced. The detected variations were then used to build a phylogenetic tree, which was used to evaluate the precise phylogenetic distances in addition to other relative parastic sequences. According to the present findings, there is almost 99% homology between the sequences of T. gallinae and the samples that were under investigation. In this investigation, the genetic variants C64T, G236A, C243T, and A363C were found.
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