Calliandra Calothyrsus as a Concentrate Substitution by Regarding its Phytochemicals and Productivity of Indonesian Peranakan Etawa Goats
Calliandra Calothyrsus as a Concentrate Substitution by Regarding its Phytochemicals and Productivity of Indonesian Peranakan Etawa Goats
Yusuf Subagyo*, Merryafinola Ifani, Hermawan Setyo Widodo
ABSTRACT
Calliandra calothyrsus is a common legume in Indonesia that has both high nutritional value and antinutritions. It is potent as a concentrate substitution regarding its phytochemicals and the effect on Indonesian Peranakan Etawa crossbreed Goats (PE), which needed to be comprehensively explored. Dried C. calothyrsus leaves were extracted with 70% ethanol, hexane, and chloroform. Twenty PE does on the third week of lactation with an average body weight of 35.22 kg and 1.5 to 2.0 years old were used. The experimental design of this research was a Completely Randomized Design (CRD). Animals were divided into four treatments, each using five lactating goats as replications. The animals were fed 3.5% of their body weight based on dry matter, then four levels of concentration substitution were T1 (0% dried C. calothyrsus), T2 (10% dried C. calothyrsus), T3 (20% dried C. calothyrsus), and T4 (30% dried C. calothyrsus). Descriptive analysis was used for phytochemical tests and bioactive identification; however, toxicity, productivity, and milk quality were analyzed by ANOVA, followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range Test. The research showed many active compounds in C. calothyrsus, such as lipids and fatty acids, steroids, triterpenoids, flavonoids, saponins, carbohydrates, and tannins. Few toxic compounds, such as tannins in C. calothyrsus, were not at harmful levels. The ethyl acetate fraction has higher toxicity 13.34±5.78; 50.00±10.00; 100.00±0.00% and hexane as lowest 6.67±5.78; 20.00±0.00; 60.00±10.00%. Fraction from 50% Ethanol extraction has the lowest LC50 (560.63ppm). Replacement of concentrate using dried C. calothyrsus in the diet of lactating PE goats had no effect (P>0.05) on productive performance such daily gain of T1-T2-T3-T4 respectively (0.20±.02;0.22±0.01;0.22±0.02;0.20±0.02kg/day), feed efficiency (12.03±1.31;13.02±0.7;12.59±0.78;11.87±1.53%), average milk production (662±55; 691±36; 732±72;738±65ml/day), pH (6.56±0.11; 6.60±0.10;6.57±0.16;6.59±0.12). In summary, C. calothyrsus has no harmful phytochemicals and can replace conventional concentrates up to 30% of goat feed without significantly affecting productivity and milk quality.
Keywords | Peranakan etawa goat, C. calothyrsus, Concentrate, Milk quality, Milk production, Phytochemical
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