Reaction and Diversity Analysis to Identify Novel Genetic Resources for Exserohilum turcicum Resistance in Maize
Reaction and Diversity Analysis to Identify Novel Genetic Resources for Exserohilum turcicum Resistance in Maize
Shishir Sharma1*, Suk Bahadur Gurung2, Ritesh Kumar Yadav1, Bibek Phulara1 and Laxmi Prasad Joshi1
ABSTRACT
The magnitude and nature of the genetic divergence determine the genotypes for a maize breeding program. One hundred one inbred lines of maize were evaluated using Rampur Hybrid 10 as resistant check in a rod row design from October 2020 to March 2021 at the National Maize Research Program’s research farm in Rampur, Chitwan. The goal includes identifying correlations between genotypes, estimating the proportionate contribution of various disease characteristics, and selecting eligible parent lines for hybridization purposes utilizing principal component analysis and Ward’s clustering. Correlation assessment revealed a negative relationship between disease parameters and grain yield. According to the principal component analysis, three of the nine main components were significant (eigenvalues > 1) and accounted for 44.60%, 15.30%, and 13.60%, respectively of the total variance. PC1 comprised parameters including percent disease index (PDI), area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), disease incidence percent (DI%), and infected leaves per plant (IL/P) that were mostly connected to quantitative resistance; PC2 was related to lesion number and lesion breadth; PC3 was mostly concerned with grain yield, while PC4 with sporulation (spores/ml). Inbred lines were divided into three groups using cluster analysis, with 27 inbred lines being placed in cluster II. The mean values of the disease parameter were found to be the lowest in Cluster II, while the grain yield was the greatest. Cluster analysis showed the highest inter-cluster distance between cluster II and cluster III (4.19) and the lowest between cluster I and cluster III (2.24). Clusters I and III have the lowest inter-cluster distance, indicating that their genotypes are quite similar. By utilizing heterosis in segregating, choosing parents from clusters II and III would be successful in the hybridization program to develop improved NLB-resistant hybrids.
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