Promising Immunomodulation Potential of Ganoderma lucidium and Oregano as Mixture on Broiler Chicken
Promising Immunomodulation Potential of Ganoderma lucidium and Oregano as Mixture on Broiler Chicken
Fateh A. Badi*, Anwar A. G. Al-Kubati, Naif Al-Gabri
ABSTRACT
Immuno-stimulant component recent research is very important to reduce using un-necessary vaccination and antibiotic abused. The effects of combination of Ganoderma lucidium and Origanum vulgare on broilers chicken are not completely understood. In this study, four broiler chicken groups around 3 week age each group contain 10 chicken was divided randomly. First group was feed with (2g/ Kg feed) from Ganoderma lucidium (G group), second group was treated with ( 2g/Kg feed) Origanum vulgare (O Group) in a feed and the third group was treated with mixture of both Ganoderma lucidium and Origanum vulgare with 1gm/Kg from each (GO group) and the fourth group was the control group (C group). The hematological parameter (haematocrit, Hb, RBC, MCV, MHC and MHCH) were measured. The immuno-stimulation in each group were measured using total, differential WBC count, heterophil to lymphocyte ratio, bursa index, spleen index, bursa to spleen ratio and phagocytosis index using carbon clearance test. This study showed that haematological parameters (haematocrit, Hb, RBC, MCV, MHC and MHCH) were all within the normal range values in all the groups. The mixture of plant and mashroom insignificantly increased the total WBCs compared with G group. Mixture and Ganoderma groups was significantly decreased the heterphiles/lymphocytes ratio in comparing with C (p=.004, .03 respectively). The eosinophils were significantly increased in the GO group in comparing to G and C groups (p=.04, .05 respectively). G group result in significantly increase (p<.05) of lymphocytes count compared with other groups including the C group. While the O group showed significantly decreases in lymphocytes (p<0.05) compared with other groups. In Monocyte count the O group showed significantly (p<.05) increase the count comparing with other groups. Heterophil to lymphocyte ratio (H/L) was showed significantly decreases (in both G group (p=.03) and GO group (p=.004). G and O groups induced significant increase in bursa index when compared with C group (p= .0003 and .0004 respectively) and the GO combined additives (p=.004 and .0004 respectively). The spleen index was significant decrease in GO groups when compared with C group (p=.002, .014 and 0.016 respectively). Brusa to spleen ratio (B/S) significantly increases (p<.05) in G and O groups compare with a C group while the GO group decrease the ratio in comparing to G and O groups (p= .006 and .004 respectively). In regarding phagocytosis index, only GO group showed an increased significance in comparing to C group (p=.003). The G and O groups showed insignificant increase in phagocytosis index. In conclusion, the combination Ganoderma lucidium and Origanum vulgare are promising to be used in broiler ration and could be used as potential immune-regulator.
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