Anti-Lipidemic and Hepatoprotective Effects of Fenugreek Supplementation on STZ-Induces Type 2 Diabetes: An Animal Study
Anti-Lipidemic and Hepatoprotective Effects of Fenugreek Supplementation on STZ-Induces Type 2 Diabetes: An Animal Study
Bassant Mahmoud Emam1, Jehan Abd Elrazek Hassanen1, Abeer Gaffer Ali Hassan3, Azza Mahmoud Abdullah1, Hadeer Said Aboelnaga2, Amina Ali Dessouki2*
ABSTRACT
Despite significant efforts to manage diabetes mellitus (DM), its prevalence and related complications continue to increase. There are already well-established antidiabetic drugs in the pharmaceutical sector like Dapagliflozin (DAPA). However, medicinal plant remedies, e.g., Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum), are efficiently utilized for DM treatment with low side effects. Accordingly, the study aimed to compare the effects of DAPA and Fenugreek seeds powder (FSP) or extract (FSE) on hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hepatic alterations of streptozotocin (STZ)-provoked DM rats. Here, DM was triggered by administrating 10% fructose (Fr) for two weeks, then intraperitoneally injected with a single STZ dosage (40 mg/kg). The study was carried out using 50 male albino rats allocated into 5 groups (n = 10/group): Control, diabetic non-treated, and diabetic groups treated by DAPA (1 mg/Kg b.wt), FSE (250 mg/kg, b.wt) and FSP (100mg/kg, b.wt). All doses were daily administered by stomach tube for 8 weeks. Serum biochemical analyses of insulin, glucose, lipid profile, and liver function tests, besides histopathological analyses for the liver and pancreas, were performed. The FSE or FSP and DAPA treatment ameliorates the measured parameters in diabetic rats compared to diabetic rats: Significantly (P≤0.05) elevated body weight and insulin levels, reduced glucose, and improved lipid profile (lowered total cholesterol, LDL, and triacylglycerides while increased HDL). The enhancement in liver function was recorded by decreased liver enzymes (ALT and AST) and increased both albumin and total protein, and proved by the histopathological examination of hepatic tissue compared to diabetic rats. It was obvious that the results of FSE or FSP were better than that of DAPA. It was concluded that FSE and FSP significantly (P≤0.05) improved dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia in STZ-provoked diabetic rats, offering a safe herbal medication for DM treatment. However, Further investigations are needed using different methods of extractions of fenugreek, different doses and durations, different comparisons with other antidiabetic drugs having different mechanism of action than DAPA.
Keywords: Fenugreek, Dapagliflozin, Liver function, Diabetes mellitus, Streptozotocin
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October 2024
Vol. 12, Sp. Iss. 1
