Total Tract Nutrient Retention and Apparent Metabolizable Energy of Different Varieties of Wheat, Maize and Sorghum in Quails
Total Tract Nutrient Retention and Apparent Metabolizable Energy of Different Varieties of Wheat, Maize and Sorghum in Quails
Muhammad Sohail1*, Asad Sultan2, Said Sajjad Ali Shah3, Muhammad Sajid1 and Adnan Khan4
ABSTRACT
The present study was conducted to investigate the digestibility of cereal grains like wheat, maize, sorghum and their cultivars in quail birds. A total of 270 quail birds were raised in cages having three main groups, one each for wheat (W), maize (M), sorghum (S) and six subgroups for the collection of fecal samples and further analyses. Nutrient profile, digestibility coefficients, and apparent metabolizable energy were investigated. Fat percentage and metabolizable energy was higher in maize (4.1% and 17.04 MJ/kg). The protein levels in wheat varieties were 12.15 and 11.89% which were more than that of both of corn (8.21 and 8.05% respectively) and sorghum varieties (10.41% and 9.89% respectively). The bioavailability of crude protein was higher in maize followed by wheat and sorghum. The phytic acid contents were found highest in both varieties of sorghum (0.85% and 0.87% respectively) as compared to the wheat varieties (0.78 % and 0.80%) and corn varieties (0.72 % and 0.71 respectively). Retention and digestibility of OM from maize cultivars was higher (0.841 and 0.836 respectively) followed by wheat varieties (0.811 and 0.806 respectively) while the sorghum varieties (0.782 and 0.779 respectively). The digestibility coefficient of crude fat of both the varieties of maize was higher (0.761 and 0.759 respectively) followed by sorghum (0.734 and 0.707 respectively) and wheat varieties (0.671 and 0.653 respectively). The digestibility of ash among cereal grains was significant (P<0.05) for maize (0.612 and 0.609) followed by wheat (0.571 and 0.565) and sorghum (0.541 and 0.557), respectively. The digestibility coefficient of phosphorus among various cereal types in quails was significant (P<0.05) It was highest for maize (0.572-0.569) followed by sorghum (0.538-0.542) and wheat (0.537-0.541). The maize cultivars were more bioavailable from every aspect when compared with wheat and sorghum and wheat cultivars/varieties. It has been assumed that bioavailability of phytate-phosphorus is comparatively higher than other poultry species particularly broilers.
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