Updated Investigation on Blood-Borne Parasitic Illnesses and Tick Infestation in Daulatpur, Khulna, Bangladesh: Incidence and Determinants
Updated Investigation on Blood-Borne Parasitic Illnesses and Tick Infestation in Daulatpur, Khulna, Bangladesh: Incidence and Determinants
Md. Asaduzzaman Lovelu1, Md. Amir Hossain2*, Md. Uzzal Hossain1, Tanzila Zafrin Tanvi1, Mahfuza Ferdous3, Nazmin Sultana Runa4, Assrafi Siddika3, Md. Sahidul Islam2
ABSTRACT
Ticks, as disease carriers, seriously impair the livestock sector’s financial standing, particularly in Bangladesh. The study’s goal was to investigate the risk factors and prevalence of tick infestations that cause economic harm to livestock as well as related diseases. A total 557 calves were analyzed between January and May of 2023, with age, sex, housing, and health categories. By hand-picking ticks, blood parasites were examined under a stereomicroscope and stained with Giemsa’s stain. Among the investigated cattle, 37.88% had tick infestations: 14% had Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus, 28.01% had Haemaphysalis bispinosa, and 4.13% had mixed infections. Adult cattle older than 2.5 years old (41.05%) had the highest prevalence of tick infestations, while calves younger than a year (33.57%) had the lowest prevalence. Crossbred cattle were more susceptible to infection than native cattle (41.75% vs. 28.99% for females vs. 28.99% for males). Higher infection rates were seen in cattle with poor health (58.57%) and those with muddy floors (46.89%). Additionally, semi-intensive systems’ prevalence was higher than intensive systems (41.10% vs. 14.70%). Tick infection rates were also higher in the summer (47.28%) and lower in the winter (12.90%). Giemsa-stained peripheral blood smears from 245 calves were examined under a microscope, and it was discovered that there was a 3.27% prevalence of subclinical blood parasite illnesses, with 2.49% having babesiosis and 0.82% having anaplasmosis. Tick infestations are affected by several factors such as age, sex, breed, health, flooring, rearing practices, and seasons, indicating the need for better management measures.
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