Integrated Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria with Trichoderma Viride on Root Knot Nematode Infected Eggplant
Integrated Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria with Trichoderma Viride on Root Knot Nematode Infected Eggplant
Marwa M. El-Deriny1,2*, Rania H. Wahdan1, Marwa S. Fouad3 and Dina S.S. Ibrahim1,2*
ABSTRACT
Meloidogyne spp. can infect various horticultural plants, including eggplants (Solanum melongena, L) and cause destructive loss in crop yield production. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of individual or concomitant treatments with Trichoderma viride and some plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on root knot nematode in eggplant.In greenhouse, a standard microbial fertilizer (NPK) and four microbial isolates involved Pseudomonas fluorescens, Serratia marcescens, Bacillus subtilis, and Trichoderma viride were tested and it was found thatthe dual treatments composed of NPK and Pseudomonas fluorescens or T. viride, significantly reduced the total population of root-knot nematode, M. javanica, with a reduction percentage of 67.23 and 71.02% respectively. Also, concomitant treatment of NPK and T. viride or B. subtilis improved the plant growth parameters with the 70.82 and 48.60% respectively. Under field conditions, the growth parameters increased significantly as shoot length (59.98%), shoot weight (114.06%), shoot dry weight (163.97%) and yield per plant (153.06%) upon the treatment with T. viride incorporated with NPK compared to the untreated control under the infection stress. Moreover, the concomitant treatment of NPK and T. viride gave the highest reduction percentage in the total nematode population (52.5%) followed by treatment with NPK associated with P. fluorescens (42.93%). Furthermore, a highest negative correlation was found between the plant yield and the final nematode population in soil and root. Meanwhile, total chlorophyll content increased significantly recorded the highest value upon the application of NPK integrated with T. viride under the infection stress while carotenoids content decreased compared to the untreated plants.On the other hand, the use of T. viride with NPK or S. marcescens significantly increase the content of carbohydrates in the plant leaves. Application of NPK with P. fluorescens significantly decreased the proline content and malondialdehyde (MDA). Concomitant treatments using NPK integrated with T. viride caused obvious increase in nitrogen (N), phosphorous(P) and potassium (K) concentrations in leaves. It was concluded that the motivating efficiency of PGPR and Trichoderma in suppressing plant parasitic nematodes and improving growth yield, encourages the future researches to highpoint the fungal and bacterial interactions with plants as biological control agents for ecological remediation.
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