Evaluation of the Anticancer Effect of Saussurea costus Root Extract Against Induced Hepatic and Renal Cancer in White Mice: A Histopathological Study
Evaluation of the Anticancer Effect of Saussurea costus Root Extract Against Induced Hepatic and Renal Cancer in White Mice: A Histopathological Study
Zahra Abdulameer Al-Zayadi1, Hana Kadum Shanan1, Al Salihi Karima Akool2*
ABSTRACT
The Saussurea lappa (Sc), traditionally known as Costus, is a perennial effective root extensively used to treat various ailments. This study intends to evaluate the anticancer effect of Sc- Root Extract (Sc-RE) against cancer induced by intraperitoneal injection of Polyvinyl pyrrolidone K-30 (PVP) in mice. 72 mice divided randomly into eight groups (G1, control group; G2, Sc-RE group; G3, chemotherapy alone; G4 cancer- group without treatment, G5, cancer-induced + chemotherapy; G6, cancer induced+ Sc-RE/ low dose; G7, cancer induced+ Sc-RE/ moderate dose; G8, cancer induced+ Sc-RE/ high dose). Liver and kidney samples were collected from all mice during different experiment periods, kept in 10% neutral buffered formalin, and sent for histological analysis. No abnormal histological features were seen in liver and kidney sections from the control and other mice groups before various treatments. The various treatment groups revealed diverse histopathological changes compared to the control groups. Various histological features were also seen in low, moderate, and high-dose Sc-RE treatment groups, accompanied by regeneration related to the treatment dose. Severe damage comprising necrosis of the hepatic cells, renal tubules, congestion, and infiltration of inflammatory cells was seen in the chemotherapy-treated group and mice suffering from cancer without treatment. This study also revealed variations in serum liver enzyme values between treatment groups. The values of ALT, AST, and ALP (U/L) evaluation in control groups were ˃ 29.01±1.8, 87.55±2.9 and ˃ 98.12±8.8, respectively. In conclusion, this study investigated that the ethanolic extract of Sc-RE has an anticancer effect that reduces the proliferation of cancer cells caused by the carcinogenic substance.
Keywords | Anticancer, Biochemical indices, Histopathology, Herbal medicine, Saussurea costus root extract
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July 2023
Adv. Anim. Vet. Sci., Vol. 11, Iss. 7, pp. 1037-1217
