Macro and Microscopical Features of Productive and Nonproductive Mammary Gland of Local Arabian She-Camel in Al Muthanna Governorate
Macro and Microscopical Features of Productive and Nonproductive Mammary Gland of Local Arabian She-Camel in Al Muthanna Governorate
Al Salihi karima Akool1* , Almas. M. Al-Bayati2, Iman Mousa Khaleel3
ABSTRACT
Camel milk plays important source of protein, vitamins and other nanocomponents. The camel’s daily milk production shows a variation in milking frequency, which is affected by environments, feeding, stage of lactation, breed, species and diseases of the udder . Moreover, she-camels also shows fluctuating in the lactation length from 9 to 18 months. This study intends to investigate the macro and microscopical features of local Arabian she-camel’s productive and nonproductive mammary glands (SCPMG & SCN-PMG). Sixteen mammary gland samples and its teats ( 8 SCPMG and 8 SCN-PMG) were collected from Al Muthanna abattoir. Gross examination, and full description were done and recorded. The samples were dissected and kept in a 10 % neutral buffered formalin. All samples were processed by histological technique and stained with Haematoxylin and Eosin. This study showed that SC’s udder appeared with four quarters, covered by brown to solid black tint skin. Both conical and cylindrical shapes of teat were observed, which constituted 75%& 25% and 37.5% & 62.5% for SCPMG & SCN-PMG), respectively. Microscopical examination of teats revealed two streak canals lined by a stratified squamous keratinized epithelium. Furstenberg’s Rosettes were vertically located as ridges at teat internal streak canal end mucosa. The number of Furstenberg’s Rosettes ranged from 11 to 15 and 9 to 11 in SCPMG and SCN-PMG, respectively. Mammary gland parenchyma revealed an arrangement of lobules separated by interlobular connective tissue. Each lobule comprised a group of alveoli surrounded by interalveolar connective tissue. In SCPMG, less connective tissue was seen in between a large number of alveoli, which were lined by simple columnar epithelium; vice versa, more connective tissue and few alveoli lined by flattened epithelium were seen in the SCN-PMG. In conclusion, this study showed the presence of large anatomical and histological variations in the she-camel’s udder reliant on the physiological state.
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