Immunity and Glycogen Metabolism of Laying Hens Fed Diets Supplemented with Manganese Sulfate During the Force Molting
Immunity and Glycogen Metabolism of Laying Hens Fed Diets Supplemented with Manganese Sulfate During the Force Molting
Mohammed Khalil Ibrahim Al-Saeedi1, Majeed Ajafar2, Hashim Hadi Al-Jebory2 *
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of dietary manganese supplementation on the glycogen metabolism and immunity of laying hens during the force molting. A total of 120 Lohman brown chickens aged 80 weeks were exposed to force molting for 6 weeks using the fasting program. All laying hens were randomly assigned to five dietary treatments, each containing three replicates (8 chickens/ replicate). Hens in the first group were fed the basal diet without supplementation and served as the control (G1), while those in the 2nd (G2), 3rd (G3), 4th (G4), and 5th (G5) groups were fed the basal diets supplemented with 25, 50, 75, and 100 mg manganese/kg of diet, respectively. The results showed that the G3 group exhibited the highest (P ≤ 0.05) antibody titers against Newcastle disease at the 3rd and 6th weeks. Total immunoglobulin titers were found to be increased (P ≤ 0.05) in the G4 group at the 6th week, while the G3, G4, and G5 groups showed a significant increase (P ≤ 0.05) in IgG antibody titers throughout the entire experimental period. Moreover, all manganese treatments significantly improved (P ≤ 0.05) AST enzyme levels, while the G3, G4, and G5 groups showed significant (P ≤ 0.05) improvements in ALT enzyme levels. Hens in G1 and G2 had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) the lowest liver glycogen levels at one, three, and six weeks. Additionally, hens in G1 and G2 respectively had significantly (P ≤ 0.05) the lowest heart glycogen levels at one and six weeks, while hens in G1 and G4 respectively showed significantly (P ≤ 0.05) the lowest muscle glycogen levels at one and three weeks. These results showed that addition of manganese to chicken diet improved their immune status, and metabolic state during forced molting.
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