Morphological and Biochemical Responses of Wheat to Flooding Stress and Recovery
Morphological and Biochemical Responses of Wheat to Flooding Stress and Recovery
Faryal Malik, Mudassar Nawaz Khan* and Israr-ud-Din
ABSTRACT
Wheat being flooding sensitive was analyzed for flooding response mechanism. Poorly drained fields and unexpected rains in the sowing and germination times lead to flooding stress. Wheat varieties namely Atta Habib, Siran and Ghanemat-e-IBGE were grown in glass house and studied for their flooding stress response and ability to recover after flooding stress removal at morphological and antioxidant enzymes (catalase; CAT, superoxide dismutase; SOD, and peroxidase; POD) levels. Wheat varieties were grown for 15 days, flooded for 6 days and then recovered for 8 days after removal of flooding stress. The shoot pigmentations were suppressed as they turned pale under flooding stress but recovered to green when observed at the end of recovery period. The morphological parameters of shoot & root lengths and weights were suppressed in flooded seedlings, but recovered during the recovery. CAT activity in Atta Habib was raised from 1.63 under flooding stress to 2.32 unit/mg protein at the end recovery period. SOD activity was increased from 2.27 to 3.15 unit/mg protein and POD from 1.71 to 2.39 unit/mg protein. The enzyme activities in Siran revealed the same trend as observed in Atta Habib. Recovery capacity was least in Ghanemat-e-IBGE. The results suggest that the tested three wheat varieties suffered oxidative stress due to flooding but showed a recovery trend due to increased activities of antioxidant enzymes that scavenged the oxidative radicles, thus helping the wheat to recover. Atta Habib reflected higher recovering ability than Siran and Ghanimat-e-IBGE. The findings of the current study will surely help in contributing efforts to develop flood-tolerant cultivars.
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