Association of Epidemiological and Hematological Parameters with Repeated Spontaneous Miscarriages During First-Trimester of Pregnancy: A Case Control Study
Association of Epidemiological and Hematological Parameters with Repeated Spontaneous Miscarriages During First-Trimester of Pregnancy: A Case Control Study
Nazia Haider, Asia Bibi* and Nahid Kausar
ABSTRACT
We aimed to investigate the association of first trimester repeated spontaneous miscarriages with hematological profile, blood group and age. This case-control study was conducted at the laboratories of Zoology department The Women University Multan and the Department of Hematology, Nishter Hospital Multan, from June 2016 to Dec 2019. A total of 500 participants, 300 with spontaneous abortion and 200 healthy pregnant controls in first trimester of pregnancy were included in this study. The data was collected through questionnaire at the time of sampling after obtaining informed consent. ABO and Rh blood group was identified by using Antisera (including Anti-A, Anti-B and Anti-D). The analysis of haematological indices was done by using automated haematological analyzer (Sysmex Co. Japan). The mean maternal age in this study was 30.35±7.94 years for cases and 28.53±6.59 years for controls. Highest frequency of miscarriages 90 (30%) was observed in cases of age group 35-39 while lowest frequency of miscarriages 30 (10%) was observed in age group 20-24. Whereas, highest frequency 94 (47%) and lowest 2(1%) of controls were observed in age group 25-29 and 15-19 respectively. Out of 500 women 438 (87.6%) were Rh positive (including 256 cases and 182 control) and 62 (12.4%) were Rh-negative (including 44 cases and 18 controls). The observed ABO distribution pattern was B>A>O>AB. Blood group B was most frequent (34%) including 18% cases and 16% controls. Percentage of Rh-negative was higher in cases than controls 14.6% vs 9% but ABO and Rh blood groups showed no association with RSM in this population p=0.372; p=0.08 respectively. Haematological evaluation revealed significant decrease in Hb (p<0.001), MCV (p<0.001) and MCHC (p=0.006) values in cases as compared to controls whereas no significant differences found between the case and control groups in terms of RBC, WBCs, HCT, MCH, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and PLT (p>0.05). It is concluded that the age groups 35-39 years and significant changes in the values of Hb, MCV and MCHC may be associated with repeated spontaneous miscarriage in this population.
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