Effects of Probiotics and Organic Acids and Their Mixture on Nutrient Digestibility, Growth Performance and Fecal Gas Emission in Grower-Finisher Pigs
Effects of Probiotics and Organic Acids and Their Mixture on Nutrient Digestibility, Growth Performance and Fecal Gas Emission in Grower-Finisher Pigs
Tran Thi Bich Ngoc1,2, Ninh Thi Huyen1,2, Nguyen Cong Oanh2, Pham Kim Dang2*
ABSTRACT
This study was carried out to evaluate the effects of dietary supplementation of probiotics (PROB), organic acids (ORAC), and their mix (PROR) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and fecal noxious gas concentration in grower-finisher pigs. Twenty-four barrows [(Pietrain × Duroc) × (Landrace × Yorkshire)], with an average initial body weight of 26 ± 0.77 kg (around 75 days old), were equally divided into four dietary groups, 6 replicates each group. The animals were housed individually in metabolism cages. The four experimental diets consisted of a basal diet (CONT), PROB diet (CONT + 0.2% PROB), ORAC diet (CONT + 0.2% ORAC), and PROR diet (CONT + 0.2% PROB + 0.2% ORAC) for 60 days including 2 periods (25-45 kg and 45-65 kg). In comparison to the CONT group, dietary supplementation of PROB or ORAC or PROR increased ADG and decreased FCR (P < 0.0001), with the higher ADG and lower FCR for PROR group during the entire experimental period. Pigs fed PROB or ORAC or PROR diets led to higher (P < 0.05) apparent total tract digestibility of protein, organic matter, neutral detergent fiber, and phosphorus than those fed CONT diet. A significant decrease in ammonia (NH3) and hydrogen sulfide (H2S) concentrations were observed in diets with PROB or ORAC or PROR, with lower values for PROR diet. In conclusion, in grower-finisher pigs, dietary supplementation of either PROB or ORAC as a single product or their combination had improvements in performance parameters, nutrient digestibility, and fecal NH3 and H2S emissions compared with CONT diet. There were no differences in performance parameters between the use of the single product and the combination. In general, a diet containing a combination of PROB and ORAC had larger effects on parameters observed than a diet containing either PROB or ORAC.
Keywords | Fecal noxious gas emission, Growth performance, Nutrient digestibility, Organic acid, Pig, Probiotics
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