Interferon Status and Expression of P53 and gadd45g Genes in Leukaemogenic Felv Infection in Domestic Cats
Interferon Status and Expression of P53 and gadd45g Genes in Leukaemogenic Felv Infection in Domestic Cats
Alexander Tsybulsky1*, Tatyana Tabakaeva1, Anna Klimovich2, Michail Shchelkanov1, Eduard Kostetsky1, Maksim Aliev1, Anton Degtyarenko3
ABSTRACT
Background. Feline Leukaemia Virus (FeLV) infection is a core aetiopathogenetic factor in the development of leukaemia in cats. The fundamental methods for such pathologies diagnostics, along with haematological analysis, include the replicative and expressive activity of FeLV evaluation in the infected organism cells, innate immune factors for antivirals evaluation, interferon system (IFN) in particular, molecular guard factors for cell genome integrity evaluation (p53, etc.). Methods. In domestic cats with a previously established diagnosis of «FeLV-infection and chronic leukaemia» (n = 10) and healthy control cats (n = 6), we examined the following: 1) Haematological parameters of the blood; 2) Biochemical blood indicators of the physiological characteristics of the kidneys and liver, whose disorders are most critical in the progression of the leukaemic process; 3) Replicative and expressive activity of provirus FeLV in blood white cells (WBC); 4) Concentration of the IFNs and viral p27-FeLV-specific antigen in the blood plasma; 5) Expression of ifnα6, ifnα7, ifnβ1, ifnγ and ifnλ1 genes in WBC; 6) Expression of p53 and gadd45g genes in WBC. The concentration of the viral p27-FeLV antigen in the blood plasma was determined by ELISA. The total DNA and total RNA was extracted from the WBC. The cDNA was obtained using an mRNA matrix. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of FeLV in WBC as well as expression of genes of interest were conducted using real-time PCR (qPCR). Results. Cats with initial signs of leukaemic process activation in WBC showed the following: 1) enhanced FeLV replication activity, 2) reduced expression of the ifnα6, ifnα7, ifnλ1, p53, gadd45g genes and increased expression of the ifnβ1 gene in WBC, 3) decreased IFN classes α, β, γ concentration in blood plasma. Recent findings and conclusion. The diagnostic algorithm based on FeLV replicative activity analysis in animals with chronic leukaemia, as well as the state of the IFN system at phenotypic and genetic levels along with the analysis of the p53 and gadd45g gene expression can be recommended for the examination of cats with FeLV-induced leukaemia to predict disease dynamics.
Keywords | FeLV infection, leukaemia, haematological analysis, type I-II-III interferon, gene expression, gadd45g, p53.
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