Assessment of Prevalence and Possible Risk Factors of Type II Diabetes in Hazara Region Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Assessment of Prevalence and Possible Risk Factors of Type II Diabetes in Hazara Region Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan
Salma Javed1, Muhammad Fiaz Khan1, Irfan Ullah2, Sadia Tabassum1,*
ABSTRACT
Abstract | Pakistan ranks fourth among countries with a high burden of type II diabetes, with approximately 8 million (6.72%) people suffering from it. The present study was carried out to assess the prevalence and the possible risk factors of type II diabetes in Hazara region Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The total area was divided into six clusters, and the data was collected randomly from different hospitals, clinics, and different localities of Hazara region.The report included 2,400 participants, amongst which, 1,000 subjects were suffering from type II diabetes, including 432 males (43.2%) and 568 females (56.8%). Whereas 814 (81.4%) of them were over 40 years of age. Battagram district had the highest prevalence (24.2%) because of the lack of awareness about the disease, while Torghar exhibited the lowest prevalence (12.4%). The sociodemographic factors were analyzed one by one to assess their association with the disease. Smoking having OR=1.47, 95%CI=1.07-2.02 and P=0.0173 as well as a high level of stress having OR=1.27, 95%Cl=2.16-4.22 and P<0.0001were found more allied with the disease as these factors increase insulin resistance of the body cells and act as risk factors for developing the disease. Family history of diabetes having OR=3.35, 95% Cl=2.98-4.20, and P<0.0001 was also found having a strong association with the condition due to the heritability of the disease. The results concluded that the incidence was high among people with a positive family history of diabetes in first-degree relatives, housewives, and retirees of District Battagram. Sedentary, as well as a stressful lifestyle, could attribute to the disease. So regional campaigns should be initiated for awareness.
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December 2019
Vol. 34, Iss. 2, pp. 105-238
