Adverse Effects of Urban Sprawl on Agricultural Production in Rural Area of District Peshawar
Adverse Effects of Urban Sprawl on Agricultural Production in Rural Area of District Peshawar
Shah Fahad* and Akhtar Ali
ABSTRACT
The present study titled adverse effects of urban sprawl on Agricultural production was conducted in rural areas of District Peshawar. The major focus of the study was to investigate the adverse effects of urban sprawl on agricultural production. Four villages were randomly selected such as Qazi Killi, Tarnab, Mughdar Zai and Musa Zai. The total households’ number was 10496. A sample size of 385 was drawn out of total households through Yamani formula. Proportional allocation method was used for equal representation of the respondents. Interview schedule was used as a tool for the collection of primary data. The data results indicates that majority of the respondents were having age between 20-30 years. The illiteracy ratio was 58% while 42% were literate, 28% of the respondents were having primary level of education. The family size was above 5 members. Nineteen percent respondents were involved in agriculture activities and 81% number of respondents were involved their business. Only 19% of the respondents were having own land in which 17% of the respondents holding land was 5 Kanals and only 2% of the respondent’s land holding was more than 5 Kanals. Owner cultivator was 13%, Owner-Cum-tenant was 4% and tenant cultivation was 2%. The agricultural land was sold for multiple purposes, such as for houses construction, children education, and small business and to purchase plots in city due to which agricultural land was decreased. Urban sprawl association with agriculture declining was found highly significant at .01 confidence level. A highly significant association (P=0.000) was disclosed between urban sprawl and decreasing of agricultural land. Likewise, a significant association (P=0.000) was found between industrial expansion. Similarly Parks construction, high population growth, rural-urban migration, lack of proper planning of the city, lack of vertical building management have decreased the agricultural production of the study area. The agriculture land was decreased due to construction of road, houses, park and industries in the study area. T-test was used and the result shows that the land holding mean of the respondents 2023 was 1.9682 Kanal while 1998 was 2.6409 Kanal, the difference was 0.67273 Kanal, the percent change was -25.48 while the degree of freedom was 384 and p value was .000., So it shows that the result is highly significant at .01 confidence level. It explains that the mean land before was more while due to urban sprawl it decreased from 2.6409 to 1.9682 Kanal averagely. On the basis of problems the study recommend that to make proper law for urbanization in the Country; Provide subsidy and support price to the rural farmer for enhancing agriculture production for high return etc.
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