In-vitro Growth Inhibition and Biofilm Dispersion of Caries causing Streptococcus mutans by the Natural Extracts of Soil Streptomyces
In-vitro Growth Inhibition and Biofilm Dispersion of Caries causing Streptococcus mutans by the Natural Extracts of Soil Streptomyces
Ayesha Munir, Hafiz Muhammad Umer, Anjum Nasim Sabri and Imran Sajid*
ABSTRACT
Dental caries is a significant infectious disease of human being caused by multispecies of bacteria. Among the causative agents of dental caries, notable one is Streptococcus mutans, which is an obligate parasite. In this study eleven S. mutans strains were isolated from carious lesions on Mitis Salivarius Bacitracin agar along with twenty potentially active Streptomyces strains were isolated from the soil of agriculture farmlands. The biochemical and physiological characterization along with the molecular identification by 16S rRNA gene sequencing confirmed that caries isolates are pathogenic S. mutans and soil isolates belong to the genus Streptomyces. The antibiotic resistance profile of S. mutans illustrated resistance to optochin. The antimicrobial screening of Streptomyces against S. mutans showed that these strain are the prolific producers of active agents to inhibit the growth of caries causing S. mutans. The natural extracts of Streptomyces strains significantly inhibited and delayed the biofilm formation by S. mutans and a profound effect was observed in case of the extracts of Streptomyces strains HU-09 and HU-10, which delayed biofilm maturation and even decreased biofilm formation with the passage of time. The micro well cytotoxicity assay against Artemia salina showed the cytotoxicity of the extracts in the range of 10-35%. The chemical profiling of the extracts was done by thin layer chromatography (TLC) and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-UV) to get the indication of the identity of the compounds responsible for antimicrobial activity and biofilm dispersion. Overall the results indicated that natural extracts from these Streptomyces strains and their active components can be exploited for the preparation of anti-caries products like mouth washes and tooth pastes etc.
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August 2018
Vol. 50, Iss. 4, Pages 1199-1600
